第一篇：平安夜的由來與傳統(tǒng) 中英對照介紹

平安夜的由來與傳統(tǒng)

簡介：平安夜（Silent Night），即圣誕前夕（Christmas Eve，12月24日），在大部分基督教國家是圣誕節(jié)節(jié)日之一，但現(xiàn)在，由于中西文化的融合，已成為世界性的一個節(jié)日。平安夜傳統(tǒng)上是擺設圣誕樹的日子，但隨著圣誕節(jié)的慶祝活動提早開始進行，例如美國在感恩節(jié)后，不少圣誕樹早在圣誕節(jié)前數星期已被擺設。延伸發(fā)展至今平安夜不僅是指12月24日晚了，指的是圣誕前夕，特指12月24日全天，但由于一般節(jié)日氛圍在晚上容易調動起來，大型活動都集中在晚上，固被稱作平安夜，更加貼切。屆時，千千萬萬的歐美人風塵仆仆地趕回家中團聚。圣誕之夜必不可少的慶祝活動就是聚會。大多數歐美家庭成員團聚在家中，共進豐盛的晚餐，然后圍坐在熊熊燃燒的火爐旁，彈琴唱歌，共敘天倫之樂；或者舉辦一個別開生面的化妝舞會，通宵達旦地慶祝圣誕夜是一個幸福、祥和、狂歡的平安夜、團圓夜。期待著圣誕節(jié)的到來，據說圣誕之夜，圣誕老人會悄悄地給孩子們準備禮物放在長筒襪里。

Christmas Eve is the evening before Christmas Day, the widely celebrated annual holiday.It occurson December 24 in Western Christianity and the secular world, and is considered one of the most culturally significant celebrations in Christendom and Western society, where it is widely observed, by Christians and by many others, as a full or partial holiday in anticipation of Christmas Day.Christmas celebrations have long begun on the night of the 24, due in part to the Christianliturgical day starting at sunset, a practice inherited from Jewish tradition and based on the story of Creation in the Book of Genesis: “And there was evening, and there was morning – the first day.” Many churches still ring their church bells and hold prayers in the evening;for example, the Nordic Lutheran churches.Since tradition holds that Jesus was born at night(based in Luke 2:6-8), Midnight Mass is celebrated on Christmas Eve, traditionally at midnight, in commemoration of his birth.The idea of Jesus being born at night is reflected in the fact that Christmas Eve is referred to as Heilige Nacht(Holy Night)in German, Nochebuena(the Good Night)in Spanish and similarly in other expressions of Christmas spirituality, such as the song “Silent Night, Holy Night”.Many other varying cultural traditions and experiences are also associated with Christmas Eve around the world, including the gathering of family and friends, the singing of Christmas carols, the illumination and enjoyment of Christmas lights, trees, and other decorations, the wrapping and/or opening of gifts, and general preparation for Christmas Day.Legendary Christmas gift-bearing figures including Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind, and Saint Nicholas are also often said to depart for their annual journey to deliver presents to children around the world on Christmas Eve, although until the Protestant introduction of Christkind in 16th-century Europe, such figures were said to instead deliver presents on the eve of Saint Nicholas' feast day(December 6).重點解析 Key Phrases/Words 1.occur(v.)發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，存在

2.Western Christianity 西方基督教(拉丁語:Ecclesiae Occidentales)3.secular(adj.)現(xiàn)世的，俗界的;長期的，長久的;不朽的;一世紀一次的4.Christendom and Western society 基督教和西方社會 5.in anticipation of 期待著?；預計到? 6.due in part to 因為...的原因 7.liturgical(adj.)正禮拜儀式的 8.Jewish tradition 猶太傳統(tǒng)

9.in commemoration of(adv.)紀念 10.varying(adj.)不同的，變化的

11.be associated with 和...聯(lián)系在一起，與...有關

12.illumination(n.)照明;闡明，解釋清楚;物照度;彩飾，圖案花飾 13.Santa Claus 圣誕老人

14.depart for(v.)出發(fā)去（某地）15.deliver(v.)發(fā)表;遞送;交付;16.Protestant(n.)新教教徒(adj.)新教教徒的;新教的

17.Saint Nicholas' feast day 圣尼古拉斯節(jié)（每年的12月6日是歐洲傳統(tǒng)的“圣·尼古拉斯日”（St.Nikolas day）。傳說每年的這一天，尼古拉斯都會給孩子們帶來糖果和小禮物，而他的隨從克拉普斯（Krampus）則會懲罰那些這一年中做了壞事的孩子。）節(jié)日：圣誕節(jié)為什么要有襪子？

It is said that there was a goodness man went broke his domain.He lived a hard life and he had three daughters.The three daughters were being married but he didn't have money to buy dower for his daughters.傳說有個心地善良的沒落貴族，生活非常艱難。三個女兒快要出嫁了，他為沒有錢給她們買嫁妝而難過。

On the happy Chrismas Eve, three girls went to be dearly.They didn't know that their father was so worried。

喜慶的圣誕夜，三個姑娘早早地蜷在炕上睡覺了，剩下父親在長吁短嘆。

At last the Chrismas father decided to help them.He be sprinkled gold through the stack and the gold fell into the socks of the man's daughters.They lived a happy life from then on...Chrismas socks was origined by this。圣誕老人決定幫助他們。他在他們家的煙囪里撒下了許多金子，落進姑娘們烤在火爐旁的長統(tǒng)絲襪里。從此，他們過上了幸福而快樂的生活??圣誕節(jié)的襪子就這樣產生。

圣誕節(jié)知識大掃盲

1.圣誕節(jié)的來歷是什么？

In Christianity, Christmas is the festival celebrating the Nativity of Jesus, the Christian belief that the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament's Messianic prophecies was born to the Virgin Mary。

在基督教的傳統(tǒng)中，圣誕節(jié)是為慶祝基督耶穌降生的節(jié)日。基督教徒相信，彌賽亞告知圣母瑪利亞孕育了上帝的兒子耶穌。2.傳統(tǒng)的圣誕習俗有哪些？

Even in countries where there is a strong Christian tradition, Christmas celebrations can vary markedly from country to country.For many Christians, a religious service plays an important part in the recognition of the season.Secular processions, featuring Santa Claus and other seasonal figures are often held.Family reunions and the exchange of gifts are a widespread feature of the season。圣誕習俗國與國之間非常不同。對基督教徒來說，在圣誕節(jié)舉行相應的宗教儀式必不可少。世俗的傳統(tǒng)，通常包含圣誕老人和其他節(jié)日特征。家庭會在這一天團聚、互換禮物。

3.各國的圣誕大餐都吃些啥？

A special Christmas family meal is an important part of the celebration for many, but what is actually served can vary greatly from country to country.In England, and countries influenced by its traditions, a standard Christmas meal would include turkey, potatoes, vegetables, sausages and gravy, followed by Christmas pudding or mince pies.In Poland and other parts of Eastern Europe and Scandinavia, fish often provides the traditional main course, but richer meat such as lamb is increasingly served.Ham is the main meal in the Philippines, while in Germany, France and Austria, goose and pork are favored.Beef, ham and chicken in various recipes are popular throughout the world。

和習俗一樣，各國的圣誕大餐也有差別。在英國，和英語文化圈，標準的圣誕大餐通常包括火雞、土豆、蔬菜、香腸和肉汁，以圣誕布丁或碎肉派結尾；在波蘭等東歐國家、包括斯堪的納維亞半島，魚是圣誕餐的主菜，不過近年來類似羊肉的紅肉也越來越盛行；火腿是菲律賓的主菜；在德國、法國和澳洲，鵝和豬肉是人們喜愛的菜肴；另外的，牛肉、火腿和雞肉的菜肴在全球的圣誕菜單上都很流行。4.圣誕的傳統(tǒng)裝飾都有哪些？

Since the 19th century, the poinsettia, a native plant from Mexico, has been associated with Christmas.Other popular holiday plants include holly, mistletoe, red amaryllis, and Christmas cactus.Along with a Christmas tree, the interior of a home may be decorated with these plants, along with garlands and evergreen foliage.In Australia, North and South America, and Europe, it is traditional to decorate the outside of houses with lights and sometimes with illuminated sleighs, snow-men, and other Christmas figures.The traditional colors of Christmas are pine-green(evergreen)，snow white, and heart red。

自19世紀開始，一品紅，一種原產于墨西哥的植物就和圣誕節(jié)聯(lián)系起來。其他流行的圣誕裝飾植物還包括冬青樹、懈寄生(拜痞子蔡所賜相信大家都知道了那個著名的關于親吻的故事)、紅色宮人草和蟹爪蘭。它們和圣誕樹、花環(huán)、綠葉一起用以裝飾房間。在澳洲、南北美和歐洲，還有用燈泡、發(fā)光的雪橇、雪人和其他圣誕人物裝飾屋子外部的傳統(tǒng)。圣誕節(jié)最傳統(tǒng)的裝飾顏色是青色、雪白和大紅。

5.圣誕贊歌有什么來源嗎？ In the thirteenth century, in France, Germany, and particularly, Italy, a strong tradition of popular Christmas songs in the native language developed.Christmas carols in English first appear in 1426.The songs we know specifically as carols were originally communal songs sung during celebrations like harvest tide as well as Christmas。

13世紀，法國德國、特別是在意大利，用當地語言寫成的圣誕歌開始流行起來。第一首英語的圣誕贊歌寫于1426年。現(xiàn)在為我們所熟知的那些圣誕贊歌應該是和豐收節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)一

第二篇：寒食節(jié)由來中英對照

The “Cold Food” Festival

寒食節(jié)

清明節(jié)是一個祭祀祖先的節(jié)日，也是農歷二十四節(jié)氣之一，一般在每年的4月4日至6日之間。清明過后，氣溫升高，雨水增多，正是春耕春種的大好時節(jié)。

Qing Ming Festivalis a time to offer sacrifices to our ancestors,which is also one of the the 24 solar terms,generally takes place from four to six of April every year.After Qing Ming Festival, it is golden chance for spring ploughing because of the moderate temperature and sufficient rain.寒食節(jié)是清明節(jié)的前一天，禁煙火，只吃冷食。傳說這個節(jié)日是為了紀念春秋時期的介子推。介子推是晉國的大夫，在公子重耳手下做事。在一次宮廷斗爭之后，重耳被迫帶著麾下幕僚逃亡列國。流亡期間，他們吃盡了苦頭。為了救活快要餓死的重耳，介子推割下了自己腿上的肉，煮給他吃。然而，歷經艱辛最終復國之后，重耳卻把介子推的救命之恩拋諸腦后。介子推自此隱退，與母親隱居深山。

The “cold food” festival occurs on the eve of Qing Ming Festivaland on this very day, fireworks were forbidden,every house must eat cold food.It's said that this festival was to commemorate Jie Zitui of Spring and Autumn Period.Jie Zitui is a bureaucrat,working for Jin prince Chong'er.After a conflict, Jin prince Chong'er ran away from the country with his supporters due to persecution.They had suffered hunger and other difficulties during his exile.Legend has it that Jie saved his starving lord's life by serving a piece of flesh on his own leg.When the lord succeeded in becoming the ruler of a small principality, he forgot his faithful follower Jie Zitui.So he led a hermit's life with his mother in the mountains.重耳自覺有愧，遂親自前往山中尋找介子推。可是谷深林密，無跡可尋，于是下令焚山，要逼介子推出山。可是他終究沒有出現(xiàn)。后來，有人發(fā)現(xiàn)他和母親相擁死去，還留下血書：“割肉奉主盡丹心，但愿主公常清明”。為了紀念介子推，重耳下令在這一天各家各戶都不得生火，只可吃冷食。

Jin prince Chong'er felt guilty of it, so he himself headed to the mountains and searched Jie Zitui.But the mountains were too dense to find.Believing that he could force Jie out by burning the mountain, the lord ordered his men to set the forest on fire.To his consternation, Jie chose to remain where he was and burnt to death hugging with his mother.And a blood-letter left for him which reads:“Cutting flesh only for lord, hoping owner always Qing Ming.”To commemorate Jie, the lord ordered all fires of every house to be put out and only cold food allowed on the anniversary of Jie's death.如今，清明節(jié)前夕熄滅灶火的習俗已不復存在，但植柳、祭祖、掃墓的習慣一直流傳至今。清明節(jié)期間，人們紛紛舉家前去掃墓，祭拜已故的先人。

Nowadays, putting out cooking fires before Qing Ming Festivalwas not exist any more.But planting willow trees, ancestor worship, sweeping the graves were still popular.People often go to sweep the graves of their departed saints.清明節(jié)向來是藝術家鐘愛的創(chuàng)作話題。北宋畫家張擇端繪制的《清明上河圖》是中國的國寶級文物。這一絹本畫卷現(xiàn)存于北京故宮博物院。畫面充滿生機：熙熙攘攘的道路，熱鬧的集市，生機勃勃的村落，摩肩接踵的城市街道。畫面上有五百多人，以及幾十種不同的動物、車輛、轎子、橋梁和船只，生動地再現(xiàn)了清明節(jié)期間喧鬧的節(jié)日氣氛。

Artists are keen on the topic of QingMing Festival, 'Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival' ,which is a national-treasure cultural relic, drawn by Zhang Zerui of North Song dynasty.This treasure was kept in the Palace Museum of Beijing.You may enjoy a vivid life through it: hustling and bustling road, busy market, vigorous village, narrow streets.There are over 500 marketers and dozens of animals, wheel carriages, sedan chairs,bridges, and ships,which all present a holiday atmosphere during Qing Ming Festival.

第三篇：中秋節(jié)的由來中英對照

“Zhong Qiu Jie”, which is also known as the Mid-Autumn Festival, is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar.It is a time for family members and loved ones to congregate and enjoy the full moon-an auspicious symbol of abundance, harmony and luck.Adults will usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of many varieties with a good cup of piping hot Chinese tea, while the little ones run around with their brightly-lit lanterns.農歷八月十五日是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——中秋節(jié)。在這天，每個家庭都團聚在一起，一家人共同觀賞象征豐裕、和諧和幸運的圓月。此時，大人們吃著美味的月餅，品著熱騰騰的香茗，而孩子們則在一旁拉著兔子燈盡情玩耍。

“Zhong Qiu Jie” probably began as a harvest festival.The festival was later given a mythological flavour with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful lady in the moon.中秋節(jié)最早可能是一個慶祝豐收的節(jié)日。后來，月宮里美麗的仙女嫦娥的神話故事賦予了它神話色彩。

According to Chinese mythology, the earth once had 10 suns circling over it.One day, all 10 suns appeared together, scorching the earth with their heat.The earth was saved when a strong archer, Hou Yi, succeeded in shooting down 9 of the suns.Yi stole the elixir of life to save the people from his tyrannical rule, but his wife, Chang-E drank it.Thus started the legend of the lady in the moon to whom young Chinese girls would pray at the Mid-Autumn Festival.傳說古時候，天空曾有10個太陽。一天，這10個太陽同時出現(xiàn)，酷熱難擋。弓箭手后翌射下了其中9個太陽，拯救了地球上的生靈。他偷了長生不死藥，卻被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下。此后，每年中秋月圓之時，少女們都要向月宮仙女嫦娥祈福的傳說便流傳開來。

In the 14th century, the eating of mooncakes at “Zhong Qiu Jie” was given a new significance.The story goes that when Zhu Yuan Zhang was plotting to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty started by the Mongolians, the rebels hid their messages in the Mid-Autumn mooncakes.Zhong Qiu Jie is hence also a commemoration of the overthrow of the Mongolians by the Han people.在14世紀，中秋節(jié)吃月餅又被賦予了一層特殊的含義。傳說在朱元璋帶兵起義推翻元朝時，將士們曾把聯(lián)絡信藏在月餅里。因此，中秋節(jié)后來也成為漢人推翻蒙古人統(tǒng)治的紀念日。字串7

During the Yuan Dynasty(A.D.1206-1368)China was ruled by the Mongolian people.Leaders from the preceding Sung Dynasty(A.D.960-1279)were unhappy at submitting to foreign rule, and set how to coordinate the rebellion without it being discovered.The leaders of the rebellion, knowing that the Moon Festival was drawing near, ordered the making of special cakes.Packed into each mooncake was a message with the outline of the attack.On the night of the Moon Festival, the rebels successfully attacked and overthrew the government.What followed was the establishment of the Ming Dynasty(A.D.1368-1644).Today, moon cakes are eaten to commemorate this event.在元朝，蒙古人統(tǒng)治中國。前朝統(tǒng)治者們不甘心政權落入外族之手，于是密謀策劃聯(lián)合起義。正值中秋將近，起義首領就命令部下制作一種特別的月餅，把起義計劃藏在每個月餅里。到中秋那天，起義軍獲取勝利，推翻了元朝，建立明朝。今天，人們吃月餅紀念此事。

第四篇：剪紙由來介紹

導語：剪紙，又叫刻紙，窗花或剪畫。區(qū)別在創(chuàng)作時，有的用剪子，有的用刻刀，雖然工具有別，但創(chuàng)作出來的藝術作品基本相同，人們統(tǒng)稱為剪紙。以下是小編為大家整理分享的剪紙由來介紹，歡迎閱讀參考。

剪紙由來介紹

剪紙，是我國一項傳統(tǒng)的手工藝，關于剪紙藝術，剪紙的由來，即真正意義上的剪紙，應該從紙的出現(xiàn)開始。漢代紙的發(fā)明促使了剪紙的出現(xiàn)、發(fā)展與普及。1500以前南北朝時期《木蘭辭》中就有“對鏡貼花黃”的詩句。在新疆吐魯番阿斯塔那地區(qū)的古墓中出土的圖案花剪紙《對馬》、《對鹿》作品中很有特色。其精美的構圖和嫻熟的技藝，令人嘆為觀止，那時剪紙已用于屏風，頭飾等方面，起到節(jié)日儀飾作用。

唐代剪紙已處于大發(fā)展時期，杜甫詩中有“暖水濯我足，剪紙招我魂”的句子，以剪紙招魂的風俗當時就已流傳民間。現(xiàn)藏于大英博物館的唐代剪紙均可看出當時剪紙手工藝術水平已極高，畫面構圖完整，表達一種天上人間的理想境界。唐代流行頡，其鏤花木版紋樣具有剪紙?zhí)厣绗F(xiàn)藏日本正倉院的 “對羊”，其羊的紋樣就是典型的剪紙手工藝術表現(xiàn)手法。唐代民間還出現(xiàn)了利用剪紙形式制作的漏版印花板，人們用厚紙雕刻成花版，將染料漏印到布匹上，形成美麗的圖案。

宋代造紙業(yè)成熟，紙品名目繁多，為剪紙的普及提供了條件。如成為民間禮品的“禮花”，貼于窗上的“窗花”，或用于燈彩、茶盞的裝飾。宋代民間剪紙的運用范圍逐漸擴大，江西吉州窯將剪紙作為陶瓷的花樣，通過上釉、燒制使陶瓷更加精美;民間還采用剪紙的形式，用驢、牛、馬、羊等動物的皮、雕刻成皮影戲的人物造型;藍印花布工藝制作的鏤花制版是用油紙板雕鏤成紋，刮漿印花的花版紋樣就是采用剪紙的技法，有陰、陽刻之分，長線要割斷，以點分虛實。

明、清時期剪紙手工藝術走向成熟，并達到鼎盛時期。民間剪紙手工藝術的運用范圍更為廣泛，舉凡民間燈彩上的花飾，扇面上的紋飾，以及刺繡的花樣等等，無一不是利用剪紙作為裝飾成再加工的。而更多的是我國民間常常將剪紙作為裝飾家居的飾物，美化居家環(huán)境，如門棧、窗花、柜花、喜花，棚頂花等都是用來裝飾門窗、房間的剪紙。除南宋以后出現(xiàn)的紙扎花樣工匠外，中國民間剪紙手工藝的最基本的隊伍，還是那些農村婦女。女紅是我國傳統(tǒng)女性完美的一個重要標志，作為女紅的必修技巧--剪紙，也就成了女孩子從小就要學習的手工藝。她們從前輩或姐妹那里要來學習剪紙的花樣，通過臨剪、重剪、畫剪、描繪自己熟悉而熱愛的自然景物，魚蟲鳥獸、花草樹木、亭橋風景，以至最后達到隨心所欲的境界，信手剪出新的花樣來。

中國民間剪紙手工藝術，猶如一株常春藤，古老而長青，它特有的普及性、實用性、審美性成為了符合民眾心理需要的象征意義。

第五篇：2021年平安夜的由來和習俗[范文模版]

平安夜，是圣誕節(jié)的前夕。在歐美許多國家里，人們非常重視這個節(jié)日，把它和新年連在一起，而慶祝活動之熱鬧與隆重大大超過了新年，成為一個全民的節(jié)日。下面就是小編給大家整理的平安夜的由來，希望大家喜歡。

平安夜的由來

耶穌誕生的那一晚，一在曠野看守羊群的牧羊人，突然聽見有聲音自天上傳來，向他們報耶穌降生的好消息。根據圣經記載，耶穌來是要作世人的王，因此天使便透過這些牧羊人把消息傳給更多的人知道。

后來人們就效仿天使，在平安夜的晚上到處報人傳講耶穌降生的消息，直到今日，報佳音已經變成圣誕節(jié)不可缺少的一個節(jié)目。

通常佳音隊是由大約二十名青年人，加上一備裝扮成天使的小女孩和一位圣誕老人組成。在平安夜晚上大約是九點過后，開始一家一家的去報佳音。每當佳音隊去到一個家庭時，先會唱幾首大家都熟悉的圣誕歌曲，然后再由小女孩念出圣經的話語讓該戶人家知道今夜是耶穌降生的日子，過后大家一起禱告再唱一兩首詩歌，再由慷慨大方的圣誕老人派送圣誕禮物給那個家庭中的小廳子，整個報佳音的過程就完成了!

平安夜怎么過

平安夜傳統(tǒng)上是擺設圣誕樹的日子，但隨著圣誕節(jié)的慶祝活動提早開始進行，例如美國在感恩節(jié)后，不少圣誕樹早在圣誕節(jié)前數星期已被擺設。延伸發(fā)展至今平安夜不僅是指12月24日晚了，指的是圣誕前夕，特指12月24日全天，但由于一般節(jié)日氛圍在晚上容易調動起來，大型活動都集中在晚上，固被稱作平安夜，更加貼切。屆時，千千萬萬的歐美人風塵仆仆地趕回家中團聚。圣誕之夜必不可少的慶祝活動就是聚會。大多數歐美家庭成員團聚在家中，共進豐盛的晚餐，然后圍坐在熊熊燃燒的火爐旁，彈琴唱歌，共敘天倫之樂;或者舉辦一個別開生面的化妝舞會，通宵達旦地慶祝圣誕夜是一個幸福、祥和、狂歡的平安夜、團圓夜。期待著圣誕節(jié)的到來，據說圣誕之夜，圣誕老人會悄悄地給孩子們準備禮物放在長筒襪里。

平安夜美食

鮮蝦、香草奶油通心粉

制作食材：1磅意大利通心粉;1/4杯橄欖油;1磅個頭中等的蝦，去皮;4顆蒜瓣，切碎;1/2茶匙粗鹽，調味的時候可以多放點鹽;1/2茶匙新鮮的黑胡椒粉，調味的時候可以多放點;1罐子(15盎司)番茄，切塊去水的;1/2杯碾碎的新鮮羅勒葉;1/2杯碾碎的新鮮巴西利;1/4茶匙碾碎的紅辣椒末;1杯紅白葡萄酒;1/3杯蛤蜊汁;3/4杯鮮奶油;1/2杯柏馬臣芝士。

制作指南

用高溫將一大鍋鹽水煮沸。加入通心粉煮熟8到10分鐘直至易咀嚼，偶爾攪拌下。將通心粉脫水，放置一邊。

在一個大平底鍋中用中等溫度將油加熱。加入蝦、大蒜、1/2茶匙鹽，1/2茶匙胡椒。頻繁攪拌，煮3分鐘左右至蝦變粉紅色熟透。用漏勺將蝦子盛起，放置一邊。

加入番茄、1/4杯羅勒葉，1/4杯歐芹和紅胡椒粉。烹飪2分鐘，要不停攪拌。加入酒、蛤蜊汁和鮮奶油。將混合物煮沸。將溫度降至中低，燉7到8分鐘，直至汁變濃。攪拌至所有的食材充分混合。加入食鹽和胡椒調味。