第一篇：TPO1-10獨立寫作思路分析

TPO1: A or D: At universities and colleges, sports and social activities are just as important as classes and libraries and should receive equal financial support.1p: 先強調大學的功能(miniature of the society)肩負大學生平衡發展的重任，需要保證足夠的投資 2p: 學生喜歡運動，運動有利于學生身心健康。

3p: 學生喜歡參加社會活動，參加社會活動能拓展學生的人際網絡。

4p: 政府和財政部門應該重視對體育設施和公共設施的建設，為學生創建良好物質條件。

TPO 2: A or D: Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people.（參見Steve同學的高分模板范文）1p: 【屈原式《天問》】神啊，我一直在思考一個問題-不扯100+不罷休。

2p: white lie這個詞組的存在說明了“轉彎抹角”的必要性，因為在某些情況下，說實話會造成A。麻煩，B。尷尬，C。損失。因此人們為了避免麻煩、尷尬和損失是正常的，在某些情況下，撒謊是人的本能反應。撒謊之外的一個選擇是：保持沉默。

3p: 但人際交往的基本原則是坦誠和誠信。White lie必須有限度而且有原則。否則會破壞人際關系。4p: 結論：Tricky question或open debate取決于：seriousness.【立場決定2p-3p的比重，你們懂的】

TPO 3: A or D: It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends.1p: As the wheels of globalization roll on...每天都在加新朋友，也有老朋友失去聯系。2p: 老朋友：更懂你的需求，更理解和關心你，更值得信賴。

3p: 新朋友：拓展影響力，建立新人脈。舉例：表哥借助新人脈重整家族產業。4p: tricky question.新老朋友都很重要。要坦誠以待。多主動問候，保持聯系。

TPO 4: A or D? In twenty years, there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.Yes: 1.New means of transportation, such as metro.2.People's awareness of environmental protection, drive less.3.Because of pollution and energy depletion, governments may restrict the use of cars.No: 1.In an age of globalization, the importance of cars as a symbol of mobility will make it more and more popular(indispensable).2.Cars will be made much cheaper and available to everyone.3.New energy will be available to power cars, such as nuclear energy, or hybrid car that uses both electricity and fuel.TPO 5: A or D? People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment – doing things they like to do – rather than doing things they should do.1p: transformational age.生活方式和社會觀念發生很多的變化，社會矛盾也很多。人們壓力很大，需要更多的娛樂和休閑方式。

2p: 有個假象：人們在虛度時光。真相：人們工作還是蠻刻苦的?？衽e例：醫生、律師、教師。。3p: 在業余時間選擇不擾民的娛樂方式，是人們的權利。人們有權利選擇自己喜歡的生活方式。

4p: 娛樂和工作有時候不能截然分開。舉例：表哥自由撰稿人，寫微博，發照片，收入頗豐，活的很滋潤，工作享受兩不誤。

TPO 6: A or D? Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were children.1p: 最好的年代，最壞的年代。扯到120+ 科技的進步并沒有帶來生活質量的實質性提高。2p: 更多娛樂選擇，但人們并不快樂。More entertainment, less happiness.3p: 更多醫療設備，健康卻沒保障。More advanced medical equipments, but health is not guaranteed.3p: 更多溝通手段，但人與人之間的距離卻日漸生疏?！疚野职纸形蚁聵莵沓燥?，都是用微博】 TPO 7: A or D? It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to learn facts.1p: Knowledge = power.這句話今天有了新的含義。Knowledge = ideas + concepts學生壓力大，時間緊，要和有限的時間用于學習更為重要的內容。

2p: facts: basic；ideas + concepts: 高級別的應用，能直接影響和改變我們的生活。比如：twitter是一種劃時代的溝通方式，它是基于一個facts：人們太忙，沒有時間維護自己的博客和個人網站。Facebook是一種劃時代的社交網絡，它是基于一個facts：最多通過六個人你就能夠認識任何一個陌生人，即六度分割理論。【twitter和facebook的例子，即可以說明ideas更重要，也可以證明facts是基礎，依據你的觀點來掰】

3p: 在互聯網的時代，信息暴漲，沒有人可以記住那么多的facts。但是互聯網又是一個天然的知識寶庫，我們沒有必要記住那么多的facts，有需要的時候google即可。

4p: 但是不能play down the important of remembering basic facts.比如：常識性錯誤--> 尷尬

比如把布宜諾斯艾利斯當成巴西的首都。等等

TPO8: A or D? Television advertising directed toward young children(aged two to five)should not be allowed.1p: the ubiquitous impact of advertising on our lives 2p: 存在的東西有合理性和必要性：restriction is never a good idea: 正確的做法是要求媒體必須倡導良好的社會氣氛，不以盈利為主要目的 not entirely profit-oriented 3p: 家長有明辨能力 discernment, and are also responsible /liable /accountable for guiding and monitoring their children 4p: The debate for the negative effects of advertising had been going on for decades but so far, nothing is so bad as what some cynics had feared.(positive effects: ignorant, prejudice)營造和諧氣氛

TPO 9: A or D? Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.1p: the ubiquitous impact of technology on our livesmore creative

2p: computer and information technology--> graphic design(photoshop), animation(flash), e-music(cakewalk), sculpture(organic muds)3p: robotic and bionics technology--> robots for housekeeping 4p: technology--> convenience + comfort--> stagnant + lazy--> double edge sword--> benefit or curse: depends on how you use it

TPO 10: A or D? Playing computer games is a waste of time.Children should not be allowed to play them.1p: what adults can learn from kids...讓我陷入深深的思考。

2p: computer games并非一無是處。在這個年代，不會用電腦被視為illiterate。玩電腦游戲和網絡游戲是一種趨勢，不玩電腦游戲可能無法和同齡人溝通。例子：魔獸世界。

3p: 即便玩電腦游戲很多弊端，或有百害而無一利。家長也教師也不能禁止學生玩。成人也做很多浪費時間，浪費資源的事情。比如斗地主等。

4p: Restriction is never a good idea.應該倡導一種和諧的氣氛，引導學生知道該學習的時候努力學習，該放松的時候玩命放松。

第二篇：TPO獨立寫作題目

1.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? At universities and colleges, sports and social activities are just as important as classes and libraries and should receive equal financial support.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.2.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.3.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.4.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.5.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment-doing things they like to do-rather than doing things they should do.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.6.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were children.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.7.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to learn facts.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.8.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television advertising directed towards young children(aged two to five)should not be allowed.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.9.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.10.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing computer games is a waste of time.Children should not be allowed to play them.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.11.Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information.Others think access too much information creates problems.Which view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.12.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to have broad knowledge of many academic subjects than to specialize in one specific subject.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.13.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The extended family(grandparents, cousins, aunts, and uncles)is less important now than it was in the past.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.14.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People benefit more from traveling in their own country than from traveling to foreign countries.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.15.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to become financially responsible adults, children should learn to manage their own money at young age.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.16.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to travel is in a group led by a tour guide.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.17.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most advertisements make products seem much better than they really are.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.18.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students are more influenced by their teachers than by their friends.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.19.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to be well-informed, a person must get information from many different news resources.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.20.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Successful people try new things and take risks rather than only doing what they know how to do well.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.21.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? For success in a future job, the ability to relate well to people is more important than studying hard in school.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.22.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should not make their social or political views known to students in the classroom.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.23.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In today’s world, it is more important to work quickly and risk making mistakes than to work slowly and make sure that everything is correct.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.24.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One of the best ways that parents can help their teenage children prepare for adult life is to encourage them to take a part-time job.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

第三篇：TPO 獨立寫作題目

1.At the universities and colleges, sports and social activities are just as important as classes

and libraries and should receive equal financial support.2.Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between

people.3.It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends.4.In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.5.People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment—doing things like to do—rather

than doing things they should do.6.Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were

children.7.It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to

learn facts.8.Television advertising directed toward young children(aged two to five)should not be

allowed.9.Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.10.Playing computer games is a waste of time.Children should not be allowed to play them.11.Some people say that the internet provides people with a lot of valuable information.Others

think access to so much information creates problems.Which view do you agree with?

12.It is better to have broad knowledge of many academic subjects than to specialize in one

specific subject.13.The extended family(grandparents, cousins, aunts, and uncles)is less important now than it

was in the past.14.People benefit more from traveling in their own country than from traveling to foreign

countries.15.In order to become financially responsible adults, children should learn to manage their own

money at a young age.16.The best way to travel is in a group led by a your guide.17.Most advertisements make products seem much better than they really are.18.Students are more influenced by their teachers than by their friends.19.In order to be well-informed, a person must get information from many different news

sources.20.Successful people try new things and take risks rather than doing what they already know

how to do well.21.For success in a future job, the ability to relate well to people is more important than

studying hard in school.22.Students are more influenced by their teachers than by their friends.23.In today's world, it's more important to work quickly and risk making mistakes than to work

slowly and make sure that everything is correct.24.One of the best way that parents can help their teenage children prepare for their adult life

to encourage them to take a part-time job.

第四篇：tpo綜合寫作26

綜合寫作26

Reading

The zebra mussel, a freshwater shellfish native to Eastern Europe, has long been spreading out from its original habitats and has now reached parts of North America.There are reasons to believe that this invasion cannot be stopped and that it poses a serious threat to freshwater fish populations in all of North America.First, the history of the zebra mussels’ spread suggests that the invasion might be unstoppable.It is a prime example of an invasion made possible by human transportation.From the zebra mussel’s original habitats in Eastern Europe, ships helped spread it out along new canals built to connect Europe’s waterways.The mussel can attach itself to a ship’s bottom or can survive in the water—called “ballast water“—that the ship needs to take on to properly balance its cargo.By the early nineteenth century, the mussel had spread to the whole of Europe.It was later carried to the east coast of North America in the ballast water of ships traveling from Europe.The way ships have spread the zebra mussel in the past strongly suggests that the species will soon colonize all of North America.Moreover, once zebra mussels are carried to a new habitat, they can dominate it.They are a hardy species that does well under a variety of conditions, and they have a high rate of reproduction.Most important, however, zebra mussels often have no predators in their new habitats, and species without natural predators are likely to dominate their habitats.Finally, zebra mussels are likely to cause a decline in the overall fish population in habitats where they become dominant.The mussels are plankton eaters, which mean that they compete for food with many freshwater fish species.Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they support/contradict specific points made in the reading passage.Listening

Narrator

Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.Professor

Contrary to what you just read, there are ways to control the zebra mussels’ spread.What's more, it is not so clear that the mussel is a serious threat to fish populations.True, the spread of zebra mussels couldn't be controlled in the past, but that's because people didn't have enough knowledge.In fact, there are effective ways to stop ships from carrying the mussels to new locations.Here's an

example.The way zebra mussels usually travel across the ocean is that a ship takes on some fresh ”ballast water" in Europe and then empties that water into American waterways when it arrives.Full of zebra mussels, but the ship can be required to empty out the freshwater and refill with ocean water while still out in the ocean.Saltwater will kill the mussels.Second, it's true that zebra mussels often don't have predators in their new habitats, but that's only in the beginning.What's been happening in Europe is that local aquatic birds sooner or later notice there's a new food source around and change their habits to exploit it.They switch from whatever they were eating before to eating zebra mussels.And birds can eat a lot of mussels.So zebra mussels aren't so likely to dominate their new habitats after all.Finally, even in habitats where zebra mussels become dominant, is the overall fish population likely to decrease.It's true that zebra mussels may have a negative impact on fish that eat plankton.But on other fish, they can have a positive impact.For example, the mussels generate nutrients that are eaten by fish that feed near the bottom of the lake or river.So bottom-feeding fish populations may increase, even if plankton-eating fish population decrease.一、閱讀聽力要點概括

Reading Passage

Main points: The invasion of zebra mussel to North America is unstoppable and puts a threat to freshwater fish.Sub point 1: History suggests invasion might be unstoppable.Sub point 2: Mussels can dominate their new habitat.Sub point 3: Mussel threats fish population after they dominate the area.Lecture

Attitude: Contrary.Unsure mussels’ threat to fish population.Sub Point 1: There are effective ways to stop mussels in today’s knowledge.(Salt water)

Sub Point 2: Birds can be predators and eat mussels.Sub Point 3: Bottom-feeding fish may increase while plankton-eating fish decrease but overall fish population only likely to decrease.Answers

二、范文逐段賞析

Paragraph 1

Contrary to what is argued in the passage, the lecture demonstrates how zebra mussels are not likely to become an imperative threat to freshwater fish populations in North America.此段功能：

(Listening passage后文提到用L代替)

(Reading passage后文用R代替)

以L的觀點為主要觀點，mussels不會對淡水魚群造成危害。首段一句話即確定全文邏輯為相反，contrary。

此段結構：

作者用一句話總結了全文討論的問題，并告訴大家全文邏輯為相反。極其單刀直入。大家發現論點很簡明時大可不必費心湊兩句話再起下一段。

Paragraph 2

First of all, recently uncovered knowledge of zebra mussel has shed light on new ways to prevent their invasion.Even though people in the past have not been able to stop the spread of zebra mussels, knowledge and technology may help abate their spread in the future.For example, although a large amount of zebra mussels spread to America by staying in the ballast water that is emptied halfway on the journey across the Atlantic and replenished with sea water, the zebra mussels can be exterminated as soon as they are directly exposed to salt water.此段功能：

以L的觀點起頭，談sub topic 1，說明現代科技相比舊時代科技有機會阻止mussels spreading.隨后舉聽力中的具體例子為證明。

此段結構：

此段為總分結構。第一句陳述L的觀點(可以阻止spreading)，第二句陳述R中的事實(過去的人確實未能阻止mussel spreading)，第三句呈現L中的事實(咸水可以消滅mussels)反駁R中的事實。

Paragraph 3

Furthermore, zebra mussels do not often dominate a new habitat for a long period of time.The lecture agrees that although zebra mussels may have no predators and reproduce rapidly in the beginning, it would not be long before predators take notice of this new source of food, and develop a taste for it, thus preventing its domination.此段功能：

還是以L觀點出發，談sub topic 2, 說明mussels不會經常統治它的棲息地。L中同意短時期內mussels沒有天敵，但沒過多久掠食者就會發現這些新的美味從而結束mussels的統治。

此段結構：

總分結構。第一句總結L觀點說明mussels完全統治是不成立的。第二句陳列L中同意R的證據。第三句陳列L反駁R的補充理由證據。

Paragraph 4

Finally, zebra mussels alone would not cause the decline of overall fish populations.Although zebra mussels may perhaps cause the decline of plankton eaters, as the passage suggests, they would also provide nutrients for bottom-feeding fish and ultimately cause the population of those fish to increase.此段功能：

討論sub topic 3, 說明mussels不會造成總體魚群數量的下降。L說雖然他同意R的觀點(mussels造成plankton eaters下降)，但是伴隨而來的bottom-feeding fish的數量上升從而導致總體魚群數量上身。

此段結構：

總分結構。第一句總結L觀點。第二句依然是陳列L同意R部分的證據。隨后第三句陳列L中補充的證據來反駁R的觀點。

三、范文全篇總評

1、邏輯結構

全文遵從總分結構，開頭段直接一句話總結+邏輯，展開全文反駁基調。隨后三段依照3個分論點依次展開。在分論點的論證中，作者闡明了L的態度，先小幅度同意R的觀點，隨即立刻補充新證據，反駁R的觀點。作者利用R的證據，補充新證據后證明了R原來觀點的片面性，從而達到一一駁倒的效果。

2、語言表達

全文十分緊湊，并啟用了一些新詞語賦予色彩。

其中值得借鑒的詞語和句式有：

1.Recently uncovered knowledge of zebra mussel has shed light on new ways to prevent their invasion

Recently uncovered:最近新發現的

/Newly discovered/ It is recently found out/

Shed light on: 給與了希望

/Shown/ Given/ Illuminated

2.The lecture agrees although………….(R的觀點)………..，….…(L的觀點會抵消R的觀點)….。

3.Ultimately：最終的，終極的

/Finally/ At last/ In the end/ After all/

Ultimately, the success of his company depends on good marketing.

第五篇：獨立寫作,思路的邏輯性才是王道

威學教育|專注托福、雅思等出國考試培訓 網站：www.tmdps.cn

獨立寫作，思路的邏輯性才是王道

對于托福寫作中的獨立寫作部分來說，最重要的因素是什么?當然是邏輯。一篇高分的作文，需要有非常強的邏輯性。欠缺邏輯性是其中一個非常主要的問題。托福寫作中不僅段與段之間存在邏輯問題，段內之間也是，很多學生容易犯“想到哪寫到哪”，因此思維混亂，最后寫著寫著，發現偏離主題了，而時間又有限，只能草草收尾。其實參考很多托福優秀范文，不難發現，一篇好文章要具有嚴密的邏輯關系。加之細化，可以分為：整篇文章中的邏輯關系，段落與段落之間的邏輯關系，以及段落之中句子與句子之間的邏輯關系三部分。1.整篇文章中，開頭部分需要明確闡明觀點，在結尾部分也應做到首尾呼應。同時，在主體段論述的文章中，也應覆蓋觀點內容。做到整體邏輯的通順。

2.段落是構成文章的關鍵之一，但是考生們卻最容易忽視段落之間的邏輯?？忌鷳T用的“Firstly??Secondly??Thirdly??”或者“On one hand??On another hand??”，熟練使用并不代表完成了邏輯關系的銜接。段落與段落之間的銜接要求過渡自然，比如采用承上啟下的過渡句會使段落之間的銜接更加緊密連貫。

3.段落中句子與句子之間是存在各種各樣邏輯關系的，考生們在寫得時候一定要理清楚上下文句子間是否存在某種邏輯關系，比如因果關系，并列關系，包含關系等，然后通過某些特定的銜接詞使其邏輯關系銜接起來，例如Using emails is very convenient.與there is no time or place limitation for people.這兩個句子之間很明顯是具備有因果關威學教育|專注托福、雅思等出國考試培訓 網站：www.tmdps.cn

系的，所以在寫得時候需要用因果銜接詞把它們寫一起，即Using emails is very convenient since there is no time or place limitation for people.最后關于高級表達。詞匯和句式需要一定的復雜性，但并不是越復雜越好，學會高級表達并不是“抖包袱”，寫作的關鍵是表達準確。很多優秀范文并沒有使用大量高級詞匯，但是卻使用得當、符合語境。所以考生們在注重用詞用句的同時，一定要注重自己的邏輯性，寫作思路上，環環相扣，層層遞進，這樣出來的文章才更有說服力，容易得高分。