第一篇：2017年高考英語一輪復習 Unit 1 Great scientists習題

Unit 1 Great scientists

【熱點話題】

Daily routines(日常活動)分擔家務 體裁：記敘文

寫作思路：引出話題——具體事例——感悟

【美文誦讀】

I'm an 18-year-old middle school student.I have always been too busy with my study to

help

my

parents

at home.Not_until_recently_do_I_begin_to_think_about_what_I_should_do_for_my_parents．

Last Sunday，when

my

parents

were

②①

not at home，it_occurred_to_me_that_I_could_clean_the_whole_house.At first，I swept and mopped the floor.Then I put the things in place such as books, newspapers and other things scattered in the room.I_was_wiping_the_door_when_my_parents_came_back．They were only too surprised to see what I was doing.I could see tears in my mother's eyes.At that moment, I knew it_was_time_that_I_shared_my_load_for_the_family._Tired_though _I_was，I never realized what use I can be of to my parents until that moment.【學海拾貝】

按要求完成或翻譯下列句子。1．直到他摘下墨鏡，我才認出他來。

Not until he took off his dark glasses did_I_recognize him.2．我突然想起我還有一些作業(yè)要做。(It occurred/occurs to sb.that...)It_occurred_to_me_that_I_had_some_homework_to_finish． ⑤

④

③3．我正在看《中國好聲音》這時有人敲門。(be doing...when...)I was_enjoying the Voice of China when_there_was_a_knock_at _the_door．

4．該是我們睡覺的時候了。(It is time that...)It_was_high_time_that_we_went_to_bed． 5．盡管他很年輕，但是他知道很多。(倒裝)Young_as_he_is，he knows a lot.Ⅰ.按要求寫出下列單詞

1．特征，特性n.characteristic 2．建設，結構，建筑物n.construction 3．過失；譴責n.& v.blame 4．積極的，肯定的，確實的adj.positive 5．小心的，謹慎的adj.cautious 6．圖表 n.chart 7．醫(yī)生，內科醫(yī)生 n.physician 8．挑戰(zhàn)，向??挑戰(zhàn) n．& v.challenge 9．受害者 n.victim 10．預見，預知 v.foresee 11．結論，結束 n．conclusion 結論，推斷出v.conclude 12．污染 v.pollute 污染 n.pollution 被污染的adj.polluted 13．貢獻，捐助v.contribute 2 貢獻，奉獻n.contribution 14．科學的adj.scientific 科學；理科n.science 科學家n.scientist 15．宣布，通告v.announce 宣布，通告，公告n.announcement 播音員，報幕員n.announcer

用所給單詞的適當形式填空。

1．It_was_concluded that he didn't tell us the truth.I came to the_conclusion that he was lying.(conclude)2．It is universally agreed that universe is endless.(universe)3．This work has_absorbed him for several years.He seemed totally_absorbed in his work.(absorb)4．The writer personally_contributed￡5，000 to the earthquake fund.All the contributions will be gratefully received.(contribute)5．The famous scientist devoted himself to scientific research and made a great contribution to science．(scientific)Ⅱ.翻譯下列短語

1．提出(建議等)put_forward 2．得出結論draw_a_conclusion 3．有意義；講得通make_sense 4．對??嚴格的(be)_strict_with 5．除了??之外apart_from 6．對??好奇be_curious_about 7．調查look_into 8．因某事責備某人blame_sb.for_sth.9．專心于be_absorbed_in 10．對??熱情be_enthusiastic_about

Black was a policeman who(1)was_strict_with his work.Several months ago，he had a chance to read the police files and thus he found the conclusion about a murder case didn't(2)make_sense．He(3)put_forward a suggestion that the police should(4)look_into the case again though it had happened 10 years before.Black，together with his colleagues，(5)were_absorbed in the investigation and finally they(6)drew_a_conclusion that it was wrong to sentence Tackson to death.Ⅲ.重點句型

1．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(p.2)人們不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。

neither...nor...“既不??也不??”，連接并列主語時，謂語動詞單復數(shù)應和靠近它的主語一致，即就近原則。

Neither she nor I am going to have a picnic this weekend.她和我都不打算本周末去野餐。

——————————————————————— [模仿造句] 用上述句型完成下列句子。

昨晚王老師和他的學生們都沒有看足球賽。

Neither_Mr.Wang_nor_his_students_watched_the_football_match_last_night.2．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(p.2)每次瘟疫爆發(fā)，數(shù)以千計的人們在恐懼中死去。

every time...在此句中相當于一個從屬連詞，引導時間狀語從句。說明：除every time外，以下短語也可用作連詞： each time 每一次，any time 任何時候，next time 下一次，the first time 第一次，the last time 最后一次。

(1)It was Mr.Ma who would come to help me every time I was in trouble.每次我陷入困境時，都是馬先生來幫助我。

(2)The first time I went to see him，he was absorbed in reading in the classroom.我第一次去找他時，他在教室里潛心看書。——————————————————————— [模仿造句] 用上述句型完成下列句子。

(1)每次我去找她，她都在專心看書。

Every_time I went to see her，she was_absorbed_in reading.(2)每次我看到這張老照片，我都會想起小學時的同桌。Every_time_I_see_the_old_photo，I_will_think_of_my_ deskmate_in_the_primary_school.用上述句型翻譯下列小片段。

每當我們討論發(fā)展城市的計劃時，經(jīng)理和總裁既不提出任何建議，也不對別人的建議提任何意見，似乎對這件事沒什么興趣。

Every_time_we_discussed_the_plans_to_develop_our_city_neither_the_manger_nor_the_president_put_forward_any_suggestions，nor_did_they_make_any_comment_on_others'_ideas.It_seemed_that_they_were_not_enthusiastic_about_it_at_all.閱讀理解解題技巧

推理判斷（5）

文章的基本結構

文章的基本結構就是指文章的文脈，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關系。另外，我們將主題的展開方式題也歸在這一類，常見的提問方式有：

How is the passage mainly developed? The passage is developed mainly by________． How is the text organized? Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? 解答此類題，仍采用略讀法，重點閱讀首尾段以及中間各段的首尾句，根據(jù)各段主旨及各段內在的邏輯關系來進行判斷。另外，需掌握以下文體結構和說明方式的基礎知識：

1．議論文的基本結構有“論點(總)—論據(jù)(分：可以有兩個或多個論據(jù))—結論(總)”或“總—分”或“分—總”三類。

2．一個段落一般由表達核心思想的主題句(topic sentence)、圍繞主題句而展開的支撐句子(supporting sentences)和結論句(concluding sentence)組成。

3．說明文中常用的說明方式主要有：時間順序(order of time)、空間順序(order of space)、邏輯順序(如：原因與結果、現(xiàn)象與本質等)、舉例子(providing examples)、作比較(making comparisons)、分析原因(analyzing)、作詮釋(giving explanations)、分類別、列數(shù)字、打比方、下定義、列圖表、作引用、作假設、對比說明相異、類比說明相似等。

閱讀下列短文節(jié)選，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。

1．In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget.But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant.The work was hard;the pay was poor;and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.First of all, the job made huge demands on my strength.For ten hours a night, I took boxes that rolled down a metal track and piled them onto a truck.I would not have minded the difficulty of the work so much if the pay had not been so poor.I was paid the lowest wage of that time—two dollars an hour.But even more than the low pay, what made me unhappy was the working conditions.During work I was limited to two ten-minute breaks and an unpaid half hour for lunch.I stayed on the job for five months, all the while hating the difficulty of the work, the poor money, and the conditions under which I worked.By the time I left, I was determined never to go back there again.How is the text organized? A．Topic—Argument—Explanation B．Opinion—Discussion—Description C．Main idea—Comparison—Supporting examples D．Introduction—Supporting examples—Conclusion 解析：本文作者在第一段首先講述曾做過多種工作，但這些工作都不像作者在蘋果工廠的工作那樣可怕，這項工作辛苦、工資低和工作條件差，由此引出在該廠的工作經(jīng)歷(introduction)；中間三段分別描述在該廠工作是如何的辛苦、工作條件是何等的差(supporting examples)；最后一段得出“再也不愿意做”的結論(conclusion)。

答案：D 2．Unfortunately, not all of Mom's advice passed the test of medical studies.For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating.But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so.Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well，yes and no.Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.The author develops the paragraph mainly_______________.A．by cause and effect B．by order in space C．by order in time D．by examples 解析：本篇作者首先提出觀點“不幸的是，母親的忠告并不都是經(jīng)得起醫(yī)學研究的檢驗的”。接著用for example引出，舉了“在吃飯后一個小時內不要游泳”“糖果會引起牙病”兩條忠告與研究結果不完全相符的事實來證明作者的觀點。本題的展開方式是舉例。

答案：D 3.Armstrong showed a great talent for music when he was taught to play the cornet(短號)at a boy's home.In his late teens, Armstrong began to live the life of a musician.He played in parades, clubs，and on the steamboats that traveled on the Mississippi River.At that time, New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians.Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal.This paragraph is developed________． A．by space

B．by examples C．by time D．by comparison 解析：瀏覽全文，本文顯然是按Armstrong的成長歷程來寫的，即按時間順序來寫的。答案：C

第一節(jié) 閱讀理解

閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。

Since birth, Joy and Miriam were left at the gate of an orphanage(孤兒院).For the disabled sisters, who both have spina bifida(脊柱裂), it may have seemed that all hopes were lost at that time.But after being adopted by a British couple, they have become two of the country's most promising wheelchair basketball stars.In 2005, the Haizes adopted them.Then，they moved to the UK when Joy was six and Miriam was seven.The girls discovered the wheelchair basketball through a chance conversation，which Mr.Haize had with a friend in 2011.They hadn't known wheelchair sports before, but Joy was hooked from the beginning.While Miriam loved the sport, it took her a little longer to become a serious athlete.“I used to have really low selfrespect，”she said.“It's only when Joy got into the Under 25s European Championships in 2013 that I started to take basketball seriously.It gave me a path to follow.”Miriam was then chosen to play at both regional trials and the Sainsbury's School Games in 2014.Of course，she earned herself a place at the famous GB Futures training camp.“GB Futures helped me a lot.It helped me take basketball to another level and learn more about the game and its history.It also helped me be more independent，”said Miriam.Meanwhile, Joy is currently the youngest player on the GB women's team—but she is making her mark on the international stage, having represented Great Britain in tournaments(錦標賽)all over the world.The teenagers are now eager to encourage others to explore the world of wheelchair sports.“You should have confidence in yourself.That's the one thing to help you succeed.Having setbacks helped me grow into a person and player.No matter what people said to us, we just tried our best，”said the girls.1.What happened to Joy and Miriam when they were born? A.They were adopted by a British couple.B.They were abandoned to an orphanage.C.They moved to the UK with their parents.D.They lived with parents in an orphanage.2.The sisters first got to know the wheelchair basketball________.A.from GB Futures training camp B.from their P．E.teacher by chance C.from a conversation in a TV program D.from a talk between their father and his friend 3．It can be inferred from the passage that________． A．the Haizes aimed to train Joy to become the world champion B．Joy set a good example to Miriam in the wheelchair basketball C．it took Joy a long time to take the wheelchair basketball seriously D．Miriam is the youngest player on the women's basketball team 4．What suggestion did the disabled sisters give to others? A．Put your heart into work!B．A good beginning is half done!C．All roads lead to Rome.D．Believe in yourself!語篇解讀：本文主要講述了一對輪椅籃球姐妹花的奮斗故事。

1．解析：細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段的“Since birth，Joy and Miriam were left at the gate of an orphanage”可知，患有脊柱裂的姐妹Joy and Miriam一出生就被遺棄在了孤兒院門口。

答案：B 2．解析：細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段的“The girls discovered the wheelchair basketball through a chance conversation，which Mr.Haize had with a friend in 2011.”可知D項正確。

答案：D

3．解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段前半部分內容可知，Joy一開始就很熱愛輪椅籃球，并取得了很好的成績(Joy got into the Under 25s European Championships in 2013)，正是Joy的好成績激勵了Miriam。所以正確答案為選項B。

答案：B 4．解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Joy和Mirian姐妹的話可知，她們鼓勵“年輕人一定要自信”。

答案：D 第二節(jié) 完形填空

閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從1～20題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。

When our restaurant business failed，we headed north in a camping truck to Texas，hoping to have a “fresh start”．

At the____1____of Palo Duro Canyon(峽谷)State Park，I ____2____ a job advertisement hiring park hosts.The position offered a____3____，permanent campsite in the park，and____4____，the hosts served as a link between the park's guests and the rangers(護林人)．It was the perfect solution: a rent-free place to reorganize our lives.We entered the park and I made an ____5____for the following day.The park was____6____，so it took us some time to find an available site.That evening，as we finished our dinner，my wife saw two large skunks(臭鼬)walking toward our table.We____7____climbed onto the table and，for the next four hours，waited for them to____8____our camp.Having survived that night，we were____9____that everything else would be all right.The next day we met with the people who ran the park.They explained our____10____and gave us a beautiful campsite.That evening，____11____，we learned about the canyon____12____．They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently，and we lay____13____in the dark until the winds died away.14____the weeks that followed，we learned to survive in our truck and____15____the little money my wife____16____by substitute teaching.Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful ____17____．For a time after our business____18____I thought I might lose my family as well.living in the tiny____19____with no television, we sat close together reading and talking.One evening，standing under a jeweled sky，I found myself____20____for all the hardships.We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls.We had become a family!1．A.back

B．entrance C.centre D．edge 2．A.sponsored B．published C．noticed D．answered 3．A.free B．safe C．convenient D．beautiful 4．A.in return B．in time C．in short D．in turn 5．A.attempt B．agreement C．appeal D．appointment 6．A.ideal B．dangerous C．crowded D．quiet 7．A.repeatedly B．eventually C．immediately D．calmly 8．A.attack B．pass C．leave D．search 9．A.satisfied B．confident C．determined D．aware 10．A.responsibilities B．requirements C．circumstances D．conditions 11．A.moreover B．therefore C．meanwhile D．however 12．A.winds B．snows C．woods D．trails 13．A.aching B．quarreling C．mourning D．shaking 14．A.After B．Between C．During D．Beyond 15．A.give away B．hand out C．live on D．put aside 16．A.borrowed B．posted C．earned D．raised 17．A.business B．family C．career D．image 18．A.started B．failed C．expanded D．declined 19．A.camp B．park C．house D．truck 20．A.desperate B．ready C．suitable D.thankful 語篇解讀：：本文體栽為記敘文。題材為個人經(jīng)歷。文章講述了作者生意失敗后，舉家去得克薩斯州開始新的生活。在應聘“park host”一職后，一家人雖然生活比較艱難，但家人之間的關系更加密切。

1．解析：根據(jù)常識可知，“我”應該在公園的入口處看到招聘信息，at the entrance of意為“在??入口”。

答案：B 2．解析：sponsor“贊助，倡議”；publish“出版，發(fā)行”；notice“注意到”；answer“回 答”；選C表示“我”注意到了這則廣告。

答案：C 3．解析：根據(jù)下文“a rent-free place to reorganize our lives”可知，這個職位提供了一個長期免費的營地。free在此處意為“免費的”。

答案：A 4．解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，對方給我們提供了免費的營地，作為回報，“我”要充當旅客和護林人之間聯(lián)系的紐帶。

答案：A 5．解析：根據(jù)下文“The next day we met with the people who ran the park.”可知，“我”和管理公園的負責人見了面，而在見面之前應是先預約。make an appointment意為“預約”。

答案：D 6．解析：根據(jù)下文“it took us some time to find an available site”可知，公園里的人很多，crowded意為“人多的，擁擠的”。

答案：C

7．解析：根據(jù)上下文句意可推斷，我們?yōu)榱硕惚艹赭⒖膛赖阶雷由厦嫒ィ蔆項符合語境。immediately“立即，馬上”。

答案：C 8．解析：我們等待臭鼬離開(leave)我們的營地。答案：C 9．解析：熬過了那個晚上，我們相信其他一切事情會比較順利的。confident“有信心的，有把握的”。

答案：B 10．解析：根據(jù)上文“The next day we met with the people who ran the park”可知，那些管理公園的人給我們解釋了我們的工作職責。

答案：A 11．解析：下文描述了我們在營地生活的艱難，與上文構成轉折關系，故D項符合句意。however意為“然而，不過”。

答案：D 12．解析：由下文“until the winds died away”可知答案。答案：A 13．解析：根據(jù)上文“They were strong and cold，rocking our little camping truck violently”可知，我們顫抖地躺在車里，shake此處意為“發(fā)抖”。

答案：D 14．解析：句意：在接下來的幾個星期里，我們學會了如何在貨車里生活。答案：C 15．解析：give away“贈送，泄露，出賣”；hand out“分發(fā)”；live on“靠??生活”；put aside“整理，放在一邊”。根據(jù)上文可知，此處指在接下來的幾個星期里我們靠妻子做代課教師掙得一點錢生活。

答案：C 16．解析：此處考查固定搭配。earn money意為“掙錢”。答案：C 17．解析：根據(jù)下文“I thought I might lose my family as well”可知B項符合句意。

答案：B 18．解析：根據(jù)文章第一段“When our restaurant business failed...”可知。本句指這次失敗讓“我”感覺也許會失去自己的家庭。

答案：B

19．解析：根據(jù)上文“we learned to survive in our truck”可知。答案：D 20．解析：根據(jù)全文可知，雖然“我”生意失敗后生活很辛苦，但家人之間的關系更加密切，由此推斷“我”很感激生活中遇到的艱難困苦。thankful for意為“因??感激”。

答案：D

第三節(jié) 語法填空

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。Every morning，Lao Tse went for a walk in the dawn.He never walked with others，as he knew that people could not be quiet and that they would disturb his 1.________(silent)he experienced.But his neighbor put in 2.________request for his friend.He said，“Let him join you during your morning walk.It seems such a lovely experience to him.And he has promised to be 3.________(complete)silent.” Lao Tse agreed so the friend came along.They walked alongside each other 4.________saying one word.When they walked deeper into the woods, they came to a lake 5.________(surround)by high trees.The sun 6.________(shine)through the trees and fell in patterns on the water.It was a fantastic sight.The friend's jaw dropped and wanted 7.________(praise)the beautiful scenery.But he covered his mouth with his hand，8.________he remembered his promise.After they came back，Lao Tse was 9.________(satisfy)with his company.And he said to his neighbour，“Your friend is very nice.I'd like to walk with him again.”

So the two often walked together.But neither of them spoke anything all the way.10.________(respect)others' habits can help us make friends.語篇解讀：尊敬別人的習慣才能跟別人成為朋友。

1．解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)句意，他們會打擾他的安靜。在形容詞性物主代詞之后，用名詞形式。

答案：silence 2．解析：考查冠詞。這里指提出一個請求，故用不定冠詞。答案：a 3．解析：考查副詞。形容詞前面用副詞修飾，表示完全地安靜。答案：completely 4．解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)句意，他們并肩走著，一句話也沒有說。故用without。答案：without 5．解析：考查非謂語動詞。lake與surround之間是動賓關系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。

答案：surrounded 6．解析：考查時態(tài)。動作發(fā)生在過去與fell并列，故用shine的一般過去時。答案：shone 7．解析：考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)結構want to do sth.故用動詞不定式形式。答案：to praise 8．解析：考查連詞。這里是在解釋原因，故填because，引導原因狀語從句。答案：because 9．解析：考查形容詞。be satisfied with sb.意為“對人某滿意”。答案：satisfied 10．解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處用動名詞作主語。答案：Respecting 第四節(jié) 短文改錯

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()畫掉。

修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

Last night，I couldn't find my diary which my secrets were kept.I thought my mother has taken it.She used to read my diary without letting me known and she must have done that again.In angry，I ran to her and asked her to return my diary back to me.She said she didn't take it but I didn't believe her.Just then，my little sister came to me with my diary and asked why I was looking for it.Looked at my mother，I didn't know what to do for moment.Then I apologized on what I had done.I think an apology is necessarily when we do something wrong.And we should think carefully before we act.答案：

第二篇：高考一輪復習

一、地毯式掃蕩

先把該復習的基礎知識全面過一遍。追求的是盡可能全面不要有遺漏，哪怕是閱讀材料或者文字注釋。要有蝗蟲精神，所向披靡一處不留。

二、融會貫通

找到知識之間的聯(lián)系。把一章章一節(jié)節(jié)的知識之間的聯(lián)系找到。追求的是從局部到全局，從全局中把握局部。要多思考，多嘗試。

三、知識的運用

做題，做各種各樣的題。力求通過多種形式的解題去練習運用知識。掌握各種解題思路，通過解題鍛煉分析問題解決問題的能力。

四、撿“渣子”

即查漏補缺。通過復習的反復，一方面強化知識，強化記憶，一方面尋找差錯，彌補遺漏。求得更全面更深入的把握知識提高能力。

五、“翻餅烙餅

復習猶如“烙餅”，需要翻幾個個兒才能熟透，不翻幾個個兒就要夾生。記憶也需要強化，不反復強化也難以記牢。因此，復習總得兩三遍才能完成。

六、基礎，還是基礎

復習時所做的事很多。有一大堆復習資料等著我們去做。千頭萬緒抓根本。什么是根本？就是基礎。基礎知識和基本技能技巧，是教學大綱也是考試的主要要 求。在“雙基”的基礎上，再去把握基本的解題思路。解題思路是建立在扎實的基礎知識條件上的一種分析問題解決問題的著眼點和入手點。再難的題目也無非是基 礎東西的綜合或變式。在有限的復習時間內我們要做出明智的選擇，那就是要抓基礎。要記住：基礎，還是基礎。

十五、過度復習法

“過度復習法”記憶有一個“報酬遞減規(guī)律”，即隨著記憶次數(shù)的增，復習所記住的材料的效率在下降。為了這種“遞減”相抗衡，有的同學就采取了“過度復習法”，即本來用10分鐘記住的材料，再用3分鐘的時間去強記——形成一種“過度”，以期在“遞減時不受影響”。

第三篇：高考一輪復習方略

高考一輪復習方略

一、通盤打算 計劃先行

高考一輪復習，首先要做的就是：通盤考慮，制定出切實可行的復習計劃。每一階段、每一月、每一周甚至每一天，該復習什么，怎樣復習；先復習什么，后復習什么，要心中有數(shù)，作出科學合理的安排。切忌茫然無措，無的放矢。無數(shù)高考成功學子的經(jīng)驗證明，復習之前有一個周密且行之有效的計劃，是奪取高考全勝的可靠保證。當然，計劃不應與老師的整體部署相脫節(jié)，計劃可隨情況的變化而及時調整

二、系統(tǒng)把握 循序漸進

到了高三，相對而言，所學知識已臻完備，且形成體系。而高考考點的設置通常是與所學知識相對應的。復習之初，考生當識得“廬山真面目”，將所學知識來個盤點和梳理，列出清單，形成網(wǎng)絡。最好是畫出知識系統(tǒng)“樹”，理清哪是樹干，哪是樹枝，哪是樹葉，做到成竹于胸，了然于心。爾后要做的事情，就是分門別類、有條不紊且循序漸進地作具體細致的復習了

三、夯實基礎 訓練能力

首輪復習的過程，很大程度上也就是夯實基礎、訓練能力的過程。基本功不扎實，要想構建知識和能力的大廈，談何容易！我們強調基礎的重要，一方面是高考會直接考查基礎知識且比重不小；另一方面使很多題目的解答，離開了基礎知識就寸步難行（這也恰恰體現(xiàn)在高考當中)。所謂“細節(jié)決定成敗”也即這個道理。我們強調能力的重要，是因為高考中，不少題目，尤其是大題的解答，一旦缺乏了能力，就只能望題興嘆。有鑒于斯，考生要在高考中取得理想成績，就必須扎扎實實打牢基礎，且通過足夠量的訓練，練就一身過硬本領。

四、講究方法 事半功倍

復習的一般規(guī)律，是每個考生都必須遵循的。然而，選擇一種適合自己的方法，對高考一輪復習尤為重要。由于考生的知識、能力，復習心里、品質、習慣等存在個體差異，故所采用的方法必須因人而異。照搬別人的經(jīng)驗，往往難以奏效。考生應根據(jù)自身的條件和需要，去“悟”出一條復習的路子。

送給考生四句話：夯實基礎——“善記”，駕馭知識——“善思”，解決疑難——“善問”，提升能力——“善用”。

第四篇：2018年高考一輪復習

2018年高考一輪復習：基礎組合練（9）

一、語言基礎知識

1.下列各句中加點成語的使用，全都正確的一項是（）①根據(jù)事先得到的情報，我軍在敵人的必經(jīng)之路上設好埋伏，守株待兔，一舉全殲了鬼子的增援部隊。

②新近的“嫦娥三號”帶著國人的夢想與祝福飛赴月球并成功落月，這在人類探索宇宙的征程上又寫下了濃墨重彩的一筆。

③建于森林的房子，要低調而不突兀，要具有獨特性，如此才能將建筑同步于自然，甚至成為周圍環(huán)境中必不可少的要素，使建筑融入自然又從自然中脫穎而出。

④當社會各階層人士都為受災的同胞慷慨解囊時，這位據(jù)說身價過億的富豪卻細大不捐，引起了大家的議論。

⑤王書記神情莊重，用和剛才一樣的聲調侃侃而談，聲音略微高些，以使全屋的人都能聽見，口氣卻相當平靜而嚴肅。

⑥這種結論，不是甲乙丙丁的現(xiàn)象羅列，也不是夸夸其談的濫調文章，而是科學的結論。這種態(tài)度，有實事求是之意，無嘩眾取寵之心。

A.①③⑤ B.②⑤⑥ C.③④⑥ D.②④⑤ 答案 B 解析 ①守株待兔：比喻不主動地努力，而存萬一的僥幸心理，希望得到意外的收獲。也比喻死守狹隘的經(jīng)驗，不知變通。②濃墨重彩：指繪畫或描述著墨多。③脫穎而出：比喻人的才能全部顯示出來。④細大不捐：形容小的大的都不拋棄。⑤侃侃而談：指人理直氣壯、從容不迫地說話。⑥夸夸其談：說話或寫文章浮夸，不切實際。

2.下列各句中，沒有語病的一句是（）A.全球最快的轎車車型問世！奔馳官方改裝商Brabus聲稱，其基于奔馳頂級轎車S級打造的新款SV12RBiturbo800轎車的最高時速將能夠達到每小時300多公里左右，這將使該車成為全球最快的轎車。

B.《道路與夢想——我與萬科20年》一書講述了王石的風雨人生歷程，其中既有對商業(yè)法則的探索，也有對職業(yè)經(jīng)理人道德底線的思考。

C.國家公祭日是緬懷過去、牢記歷史的措施，也是中國在向全世界傳遞中華民族對于人權和文明的態(tài)度，在向全世界表達我們熱愛和平、維護和平的決心與責任。

D.美國研究人員使用硅膠材料成功地仿制出新型的黏附裝置，巴掌大小面積的這種材料不僅能支撐體重70公斤的成年人在玻璃幕墻上攀爬，而且雙手可以自如切換。

答案 B 解析 A項不合邏輯，將“每小時300多公里左右”改為“每小時300多公里”。C項成分殘缺，在“公祭日”前加“設立”。D項前后主語不一致，可在“而且”后加上“可供”，去掉后面的“可以”。

3.填入下面一段文字橫線處的語句，最恰當?shù)囊豁検牵ǎ┛粗覀冎車Ｃ恳豢脴洹⒚恳蝗~草、每一朵花，都不化妝，①它們會衰老和凋零，但衰老和凋零也是一種真實。作為萬物靈長的人類，②

A.①它們面對驕陽，面對暴雨，面對風雪，都本色而自然。②為何要將自己隱藏在脂粉和油彩的后面？

B.①面對驕陽，面對暴雨，面對風雪，它們都本色而自然。②不要將自己隱藏在脂粉和油彩的后面。

C.①面對驕陽，面對暴雨，面對風雪，它們都本色而自然。②為何要將自己隱藏在脂粉和油彩的后面？

D.①它們面對驕陽，面對暴雨，面對風雪，都本色而自然。②不要將自己隱藏在脂粉和油彩的后面。

答案 C

二、古代文化知識

4.下列對詞語的相關內容的解說，不正確的一項是（）A.“秩”，“秩”字從禾，從失；“禾”指五谷、俸祿，“失”意為“動態(tài)排序”。它的本義是“根據(jù)功過確定的官員俸祿”，可引申為“官吏的官階或品級”。“貶三秩”是指“連降三級官階”。

B.“巡撫”在明初指京官巡察地方，清代正式成為省級地方長官，地位略次于總督，別稱“撫院”“撫臺”“撫軍”。

C.“劾”指“揭發(fā)罪狀”，“彈劾”指君主時代擔任監(jiān)察職務的官員檢舉官吏的罪狀，“劾死”指冒死彈劾。

D.“關西”指函谷關或潼關以西地區(qū)；“關中”所指范圍不一，古人習慣上將函谷關以西地區(qū)稱為關中。

答案 C 解析 “劾死”指判決死罪。

三、名句名篇默寫

5.補寫出下列句子中的空缺部分。(1)李白在《蜀道難》中運用的夸張手法描寫秦蜀之間人跡罕至，不可逾越的句子是“，”。(2)酈道元《三峽》中“，”兩句總寫了三峽峰巒重疊，雄偉峻拔的山勢。(3)金戈鐵馬。(辛棄疾《永遇樂·京口北固亭懷古》)答案(1)西當太白有鳥道 可以橫絕峨眉巔(2)重巖疊嶂 隱天蔽日(3)氣吞萬里如虎

四、文言語段翻譯

6.閱讀下面的文段，翻譯文中畫線的句子。

王守仁，字伯安，余姚人。世宗甫即位，拜守仁南京兵部尚書。守仁不赴，請歸省。守仁病甚，疏乞骸骨，舉鄖陽巡撫林富自代，不俟命竟歸。行至南安卒，年五十七。

守仁天資異敏。謫龍場，窮荒無書，日繹舊聞。忽悟格物致知，當自求諸心，不當求諸事物，喟然曰：“道在是矣。”遂篤信不疑。其為教，專以致良知為主。學者翕然從之，世遂有“陽明學”云。(節(jié)選自《明史·王守仁傳》)(1)守仁病甚，疏乞骸骨，舉鄖陽巡撫林富自代，不俟命竟歸。(2)忽悟格物致知，當自求諸心，不當求諸事物，喟然曰：“道在是矣。”

答案(1)守仁病重，上書請求辭官回鄉(xiāng)，舉薦鄖陽巡撫林富代替自己，不等上命回復就回家了。(要點：“疏”“舉”，“自代”倒裝句式，句意正確)(2)(守仁)忽然領悟到窮究事物原理、獲得知識，應當自求于心，不應當求于事物，他感嘆說：“道理在這兒了。”(要點：“格物”“諸”，句意正確)參考譯文

王守仁，字伯安，是余姚人。世宗剛即位，任命守仁擔任南京兵部尚書。守仁不赴任，請求回家省親。守仁病重，上書請求辭官回鄉(xiāng)，舉薦鄖陽巡撫林富代替自己，不等上命回復就回家了。走到南安病逝，享年五十七歲。

守仁天資特別聰明。被貶龍場，地處偏僻沒書可看，每天推演以前看過的。(守仁)忽然領悟到窮究事物原理、獲得知識，應當自求于心，不應當求于事物，他感嘆說：“道理在這兒了。”于是深信不疑。他教育學生，專門以“致良知”為主。學者大多服從并采納他的說法，世上于是有了“陽明學”的說法。

五、作文審題練

1.閱讀下面的材料，根據(jù)要求寫一篇不少于800字的文章。

一天，詩人艾青帶著一幅畫來請求已88歲高齡的齊白石鑒別真?zhèn)巍Ｗ屑毧赐旰螅R白石不禁嘆了一口氣：“我年輕時畫畫多認真呀，現(xiàn)在退步了。”原來，這幅畫正是齊白石數(shù)十年前的作品。艾青走后，齊白石一直愁眉不展。一天深夜，兒子發(fā)現(xiàn)父親正坐在書桌前，一筆一畫地描紅。兒子不解：“您早就盛名于世，怎么想起描紅這般初級的東西？”

齊白石答道：“現(xiàn)在我的聲望高，很多人覺得我隨便抹一筆都是好的，我也被這些贊譽弄得飄飄然了，無形中放松了對自己的要求。直到前幾天，我看見年輕時畫的一幅畫，才猛然驚醒——我不能再被外界的那些不實之詞蒙蔽了，所以還要認真練習，自己管住自己啊。”

此后，即便年齡越來越大，齊白石還是堅持每天畫畫。

要求：選好角度，確定立意，明確文體，自擬標題；不要脫離材料內容及含意的范圍作文，不要套作，不得抄襲。

審題：________________________________________________________________________ 審題提示 材料講述的是著名畫家齊白石看到自己年輕時的畫作，反省自己為名譽所蒙蔽，放松了對自己的要求，從而認真練習的故事。凡圍繞如何正確認識“自省”或“榮譽”立意行文，皆屬符合題意。

可談面對榮譽、地位要自省不足，要培養(yǎng)自省的品質；也可談不為名譽所累，正確對待別人的贊譽，榮譽面前不驕傲、永遠進取等。

如拋開“自省”或“榮譽”，談學無止境、知錯就改、嚴格要求自己、知行統(tǒng)一，也屬基本符合題意。

若談從基礎做起、要認真做事、管住自己、貴在堅持等，則屬偏離題意。2.閱讀下面的材料，根據(jù)要求寫一篇不少于800字的文章。

清代文學家張潮在《幽夢影》一書中指出：能閑世人之所忙者，方能忙世人之所閑。對于這句話，你有什么看法？

要求：自選角度，確定立意，明確文體(詩歌除外)，自擬標題；不要脫離材料內容及含意的范圍作文，不要套作，不得抄襲。

審題：________________________________________________________________________ 審題提示

審題時，首先要理解材料的基本含意。該材料的意思是對世人忙碌之處敬而遠之，才能在世人不愿意下功夫的地方下功夫。然后深入分析，材料給出了立意的方向，即“閑世人之所忙”是“忙世人之所閑”的條件。因此考生要與材料中的世人劃清界限，立意時，可以指出他們的“忙”“閑”錯在哪里，怎樣的“忙”“閑”才有價值等。

從自己的角度，一般正面立意，如寫在世人都忙于追逐名利的時候，自己要看淡名利。若寫記敘文，可以寫一個在蕓蕓眾生都追名逐利時卻追求精神的豐盈的人；若寫議論文，可以分析出現(xiàn)兩種情況的原因，并論述如何讓世人從追逐名利中閑下來，忙于做他們真正該做的事情。

從世人的角度，一般反面立意，如反思社會浮躁現(xiàn)狀，思考我們應該忙什么。若寫記敘文，可以寫一個整天忙世人所忙的事情，結果丟掉了自己的本真的人；若寫議論文，可以反思造成這樣的問題的原因等。

一省吾身，知書不可不虛，虛則文理而居；人心不可不實，實則為欲不入。心靈的謙恭，為人的謹慎，才是對抗物欲誘惑的堅實堡壘，才是抵抗物欲侵蝕的不壞金身。世上再沒有什么能抵得上心靈的純凈和自省吾身的高尚。既然這樣，那么你不妨問問自己，我還固守著一方心靈的凈土嗎？當經(jīng)過塵世的洗滌之后，心靈還如蓮花般潔白無瑕嗎？否則就要三思自省以清污、三思自省以退濁。

再省吾身，知孤云出岫，去留無一相系，朗鏡懸空，靜躁兩不相干。自省需要我們的心空一片寧靜，需要我們的情愫一片真誠，道存心底再觀世界。表面的光輝與浮華太過刺眼，因為它擋住了真實；夸張的色彩與線條太過喧鬧，因為它只折射出炫目的光彩，隱藏了致命的暗傷。那么，我們如何超過塵世的眼睛來重新審度？寧靜而后知“致遠”，淡泊而后知“明志”，讓我們睜開心底那雙自省的法眼，從一顆淡泊寧靜的心出發(fā)來觀察生活，來享受人生。

三省吾身，知情趣不在多，盆池拳石間，煙霞俱足；美景不在闊，而居篷窗竹屋之下，風月亦奢。自省，讓我們清空心中的欲念，重拾身邊哪怕只是微小的幸福與感動；自省，讓我們清點心中的渴望，重獲身邊哪怕只是點滴的歡笑與淚水；自省，讓我們打點生活的行裝，重整身邊哪怕只是絲毫的堅毅與信念，從而在自省后找到心的歸屬、靈魂的彼岸。

第五篇：2014山東高考英語一輪復習寫作訓練

2014山東題高考英語寫作訓練（1）

假設你是紅星中學高三一班的學生李華，請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的內容，為校刊《英語園地》寫一篇題為 “My Special Gift for Grandma” 的英文稿件，介紹你在寒假里用壓歲錢為奶奶購買手機，并教會奶奶使用手機的完整過程。詞數(shù)120-130。稿件的開頭已給出。23 4

My Special Gift for Grandma

During winter vacation, I spent my lucky money on a special gift for Grandma._______________________________________________________________________________

One possible version

During winter vacation, I spent my lucky money on a special gift for Grandma.One Friday afternoon I went to a cellphone shop and asked the shop assistant to show me some models for the old.Then I chose one with large buttons and took it as a special gift for Grandma.I gave it to Grandma when I went to see him at the weekend.Grandma was very pleased to accept it and ready to learn how to use it.So I patiently explained to her the main functions she needed.Grandma learned very carefully and then She wanted to have a try.With my help, she succeeded in going through to her friend.That afternoon, Grandma couldn’t wait to show her new cellphone to her neighbors.She proudly told them that it was her grandson who bought it for her.Hearing that, all of them said that she had such a thoughtful grandson.(字數(shù) 138)