第一篇：2008年歐盟主席巴羅佐中國國家行政學院的演講

2008年歐盟主席巴羅佐中國國家行政學院的演講 時間:2008-11-28 14:02來源:口譯網 作者:口譯網 點擊:1012次

EU Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso’s Speech

At China National School of Administration

Beijing, 23 October 2008

2008年10月23日于北京

Ladies and gentlemen，女士們、先生們，I am delighted to be back in Beijing for the 7th ASEM Summit and to be given this opportunity to address this important school that nurtures your nation’s leaders of tomorrow.I am particularly pleased since the European Commission has had the opportunity to support this school.我很高興能再次來到北京參加第七屆亞歐首腦會議，并且得到在貴院這一培養中國未來領導人的重要學府做演講的機會。尤其令我欣喜的是，歐盟委員會曾經為貴院提供過支持。

But let me begin by commending you all for the successful Olympic Games.These Games brought today’s China into homes around the world.It is a vivid picture of a dynamic society undergoing tremendous change.It is a picture that those who were able to attend the Games will carry with them forever.I am convinced that the Games brought the world and China closer together.This is something we should build on for the future.但是，請允許我首先就奧運會的成功舉辦向在座的各位表示祝賀。這一盛會讓世界各地的許多家庭看到了今天的中國。北京奧運會生動地向世人展示了生機勃勃的中國正在發生的巨變。這一畫面將被親歷過北京奧運會的人們所永遠銘記。我相信北京奧運會讓世界和中國更加緊密地聯系在一起。這種聯系也正是我們著眼于未來而所要加強的。

As you all know, we live in dynamic, and sometimes even dramatic, times.I will try to outline some of the main challenges ahead of us-and how they can be met through increased cooperation, as China and the EU have a very important word to say in the way we can, collectively, find global solutions for global problems.眾所周知，我們生活在一個活躍甚至富有戲劇性的時代。中國和歐盟將在如何在全球范圍內找到共同解決全球問題方面發揮重要作用，我下面將介紹一下我們目前所面臨的一些主要挑戰以及如何通過加強合作來應對這些挑戰。

In the last month we have witnessed a financial crisis on a scale not seen for many decades.We have seen stock-markets plummet and banks taken over by national governments.Hard-earned savings have disappeared;well-known institutions have ceased to exist overnight.上個月我們見證了一場數十年未遇的金融危機。我們看到股票市場下跌，銀行被政府接管，辛苦積攢的儲蓄蕩然無存，一些知名的機構一夜之間不復存在。

The financial crisis has shown how interdependent we have become.What began as a seemingly isolated issue with sub-prime loans in the United States a year ago gradually spread, showing once again that in the world economy of today, markets and investments know no boundaries.這場金融危機顯示了我們之間如此之深的相互依存程度。一年前發生在美國的次級貸款這一看似孤立的事件已逐漸蔓延開來。這再次說明市場和投資在今天的世界經濟中已超越國界。

The handling of the crisis has demonstrated that we need more and better long term coordination to ensure transparency and confidence in the market.In order to cushion the impact of the financial crisis on the real economy, we also need to sustain domestic demand and to further promote international trade.Here China’s contribution to world economic activity is crucial.應對這場危機的實踐表明，我們需要進行更多、更有效的長遠協作以保證市場的透明和信心。為了減少這場金融危機對實體經濟的沖擊，我們需要維持國內的需求并且進一步推動世界貿易。在這方面，中國對世界經濟活動的貢獻是關鍵性的。

We believe that this crisis was not only about the problems of some financial institutions.The crisis also shows the risks of some macroeconomic imbalances and point to problems with the fundamentals of the global economy.我們相信，這場危機并非僅僅由金融機構的問題引發。這場危機也表明了宏觀經濟不平衡所造成的風險，并且揭示了一些與全球經濟基本面相關的問題。

On the European side we have taken a number of decisive steps to overcome the financial crisis.The European Union, through the coordinated action of its institutions, Governments and Central Banks, has reacted promptly and firmly, devoting very large amounts of money to restore the confidence of the public, protect deposits and reestablish the flows of interbank loans.The European Union has also taken a leading role on the world stage, partly by calling for stronger international cooperation, but also by setting an example and showing to the world what concrete actions can be taken.在歐洲方面，我們已采取了一些關鍵性的措施來克服這場金融危機。通過機構、政府和中央銀行間的協調行動，歐盟已經迅速而堅決地做出了反應，注入了數量巨大的資金以期恢復公眾的信心、保護儲戶存款、確保銀行間信貸資金的流動性。歐盟已經在國際上率先行動，一方面呼吁加強國際合作，一方面通過自身行動向世界表明如何采取具體措施應對這場危機。

Together with President Sarkozy of France, the current President of the European Council, I went last weekend to Camp David.There, we have agreed with the President of the United States on the need to call an international summit to solve the crisis in today’s global economy.I believe it is very important that China and others give a significant contribution in the process to be launched in Washington on 15 November.As we stated in the joint statement we – President Bush, President Sarkozy and I – issued at Camp David, this summit must review progress being made to address the current crisis and seek agreement on principles of reform needed to avoid a repetition and assure global prosperity in the future.上周末，我與歐洲理事會現任主席、法國總統薩科奇一道去了戴維營。我們在那里同美國總統達成了一致，認為有必要召開一次國際峰會來解決今天全球經濟所面臨的危機。我相信，中國和其他國家能夠為即將于11月 15日在華盛頓啟動的挽救經濟的進程做出重要貢獻。正如布什總統、薩科奇總統和我在戴維營發表的共同聲明中所講的那樣，這一峰會必須總結應對目前這場危機所取得的進步，并在改革原則上取得一致，以避免重蹈覆轍并確保全球的未來繁榮。

I repeat.The role of China in these circumstances is crucial.Premier Wen Jiabao recently declared at World Forum in Tianjin that the main responsibility of China is to maintain for itself steady and stable economic growth.I very much agree.我重申一下自己的觀點。中國在當前局勢下所發揮的作用是關鍵性的。溫家寶總理最近在天津召開的世界論壇上宣布，中國主要的責任是保持自身經濟扎實、穩定的增長。我非常認同他的觀點。

In 1997/1998, during the Asian financial crisis, we worked together to overcome it.Now, once again, we need a concerted effort from governments and central banks worldwide.It is good that China has taken the initiative in proposing that this matter be discussed at our ASEM summit tomorrow.1997年和1998年，我們曾經共同努力戰勝了亞洲金融危機。現在，我們再次需要全球政府和中央銀行共同做出努力。令人高興的是，中國主動提議在明天舉行的亞歐首腦會議上討論應對金融危機這一議題。

This greater interdependence is not limited to the financial sector.The new challenges of today are global in nature and therefore, they demand a global response.This applies to issues such as climate change, energy security, terrorism prevention, trafficking and organized crime.我們之間日益加深的相互依存并不局限于金融領域。今天我們面臨的許多新挑戰都是全球性的，因此需要全球做出共同應對。這其中包括了氣候變化、能源安全、制止恐怖主義、販賣毒品和有組織犯罪等。

We can no longer meet these challenges by closing the door and simply looking after our own house.Instead, we must reach out and seek cooperation, wherever cooperation is more effective.我們已經不能以關起門來獨善其身的方式應對這些挑戰。相反，我們必須伸出雙手尋求合作，因為合作能夠更有效地解決這些問題。

The world is currently witnessing the broadest and deepest wave of globalization ever producing great opportunities but also some risks.Globalisation has helped hundreds of millions from poverty and provided businesses with the possibility to invest and expand abroad.But those same businesses know that they can no longer live on past achievements.Workers around the world fear for their jobs.Globalisation increases competition and exposes weaknesses and poor commercial decisions.世界正經歷著一波最為廣泛和深刻的全球化浪潮，這為我們提供了巨大的機會，但同時也帶來了一些風險。全球化已經幫助數以億計的人們擺脫了貧困，并且給企業提供了進行海外投資和擴張的機會。但那些企業也意識到不能夠滿足于已取得的成就。世界各地的工人們在為自己的工作擔心。全球化使競爭加劇，并且使企業弱點和糟糕的商業決策得以暴露。

When we speak of globalization, it is important to understand that openness and interdependence are the rules of the game.That is why we are so strongly in favour of a truly multilateral approach.提到全球化，我們必須清楚公開和相互依存是其游戲的規則。這也是我們強烈支持多邊方式的原因所在。

These challenges cannot be solved by protectionism, isolation and economic nationalism.We must continue to strive for open and inclusive societies and for open and modern economies.這些挑戰不能依靠保護主義、孤立主義和經濟民族主義加以解決。我們必須繼續爭取社會的公開和包容，使經濟更加公開和現代化。

Ladies and Gentlemen，女士們、先生們，The EU is a successful example of regional cooperation.From a region plagued by war, the EU has now grown to 27 Member States, bringing together in peace 500 million people throughout Europe.歐盟是地區合作的成功范例。歐洲曾經是一個飽經戰亂創傷的地區，但歐盟目前已經擴展為27個成員國，將全歐洲5億人口和平地凝聚在一起。

Let me give you a few examples of how the EU has developed over the last two decades.我給你們舉幾個例子，說明一下歐盟在過去20年里取得的發展：

?The EU is a single and dynamic market of half a billion people, using the euro – one of the world’s two most important currencies.--歐盟現在是一個有活力的單一市場，有5億人口，所使用的歐元是世界上最為重要的兩種貨幣之一。

?The EU is a credible partner willing to share the burden of leadership, while welcoming new partners to the table.--歐盟是一個可信賴的伙伴，愿意承擔領導責任，同時歡迎新伙伴的加入。

?The EU is a growing peace and security actor, with nearly 100,000 peacekeepers, police and combat troops deployed.We have sent troops, police, magistrates and other staff to more than 15 trouble spots, including in the Balkans, Moldova, Afghanistan, the Palestinian territories, Central Africa, Aceh and Georgia.--歐盟在維護和平與安全方面正發揮日益重要的角色，已經部署的維和人員、警察和作戰部隊接近100，000人。歐盟已經向包括巴爾干半島、摩爾多瓦、阿富汗、巴勒斯坦地區、中非、亞齊和格魯吉亞在內的超過15個沖突地區派出了軍隊、警察、安全官員和其他人員。

?The EU is the world’s largest development aid donor, delivering over 60% of international assistance.--歐盟是世界最大的發展援助方，提供了超過60%的國際援助。

During the same period, the world has witnessed China’s spectacular development.Hundreds of millions have been lifted from the infernal cycle of poverty and underdevelopment, and today China can look to her future with confidence and pride.與此同時，世界也見證了中國的巨大發展。數以億計的人口已經擺脫了貧困和落后的陰霾，今天的中國對未來充滿了信心和自豪。

Since its beginnings, the EU has actively supported China’s opening up and reform policy.We have opened European markets and our companies helped your economic revitalization and employment in China, as well as by transferring technology and know-how through our investments.We have an active and vibrant European business community in China.歐盟自成立以來始終積極支持中國的改革和開放政策。我們開放了歐洲市場，我們的公司通過轉讓技術和投資促進了中國的經濟振興與就業。許多歐盟工商業正活躍在中國并發展良好。

We have developed cooperation in all fields: from scientific research to education, from energy to the environment, from transportation to tourism, and in many other areas.We have supported China’s accession to the WTO and have welcomed China’s increasingly important role in various international organizations.In other words, we have demonstrated through our policies and actions, our interest in and support for your stability, prosperity and success.We will continue to engage in China’s development, just as we wish for China itself to become more and more engaged in global affairs, in a way that reflects China’s growing global position.從科學研究到教育，從能源到環境，從交通到旅游，以及在許多其他領域，我們都進行了合作。我們支持中國加入世界貿易組織并歡迎中國在許多國際組織內發揮重要作用。換句話說，我們已經通過政策和行動表明了對中國穩定、繁榮和成功的興趣和支持。我們將繼續參與中國的發展，同時我們希望中國能夠更多地參與全球事務，這樣才能反映出中國日益提升的國際地位。

Our bilateral dialogue on human rights serves the same purpose.In this important year when we celebrate the 60th anniversary of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights, it is imperative to redouble our efforts in ensuring that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.Human rights are universal;they belong to each and every individual around the world.I hope you – the people of the great nation of China – will join us in celebrating the 60th anniversary and contribute to the spreading and consolidation of human rights.我們在人權問題上的雙邊對話具有同樣目的。今年是聯合國《世界人權宣言》發表60周年的重要年份，我們必須加倍努力，以保障全人類與生俱來的自由和人格平等。人權是普遍的，它屬于世界上的每一個人。我希望你們，偉大的中國人民，與我們一起慶祝人權宣言發表60周年并且為推廣和加強人權做出貢獻。

The trend towards a more multi-lateral world is getting clearer.It is positive that other nations are ready and willing to take on global responsibilities.世界多極化的趨勢日益清晰。許多其他國家準備并愿意承擔全球責任，這將產生積極的影響。

The case for increased cooperation between China and EU is stronger than ever.Together, the EU and China can contribute to solving the problems the world is facing.中國和歐盟日益加深的合作規模是空前的。歐盟和中國能夠共同為解決世界面臨的問題做出貢獻。

Relations between China and the EU are good and dynamic.Together, we have developed a strategic partnership in which we cooperate on numerous issues.We are currently elaborating a partnership and cooperation agreement, to better reflect how our relations have developed and to boost those relations for the future.中國和歐盟之間的關系是良好而有活力的。我們建立了戰略伙伴關系，在眾多事務上開展了合作。目前，我們正在細化伙伴合作協議，以反映我們業已存在的關系并著眼未來推動這些關系的發展。

People-to-people exchanges have increased.Our bilateral trade has grown.Today China is the most important source of imports for the EU, and the EU is China’s largest trading partner.Our political, economic and people-to-people contacts have increased exponentially over the last decade.中歐間的人員交流也已加強。中歐雙邊貿易得到了擴大。中國今天已成為歐盟最重要的進口商品來源國，歐盟是中國最大的貿易伙伴。中歐間的政治、經濟和人員交流在過去十年得到了顯著加強。

The people of Europe were quick to respond to the devastating earthquake in Sichuan.Many citizens as well as European governments offered help and financial contributions.This Sunday we will hold a conference in Chengdu together with our Chinese partners on how to advance reconstruction and attract investment in that area.歐洲人民對發生在四川的破壞性大地震做出了快速反應。許多歐洲人和政府提供了幫助和資金支援。本周日，我們將與我們的中國合作伙伴在成都共同舉辦一個旨在推動災區重建和吸引投資的會議。

Earlier this spring, I headed the biggest Commission delegation ever to travel to a third country, for a meeting with Premier Wen Jiabao to strengthen EU-China cooperation on sustainable development and trade.Indeed, new vistas of cooperation were opened up on that occasion.I am confident that tomorrow’s ASEM Summit and our EU/China Summit on 1 December in Lyon will move our partnership further forward.今年春天早些時候，我率領歐盟委員會歷史上最大規模的出訪第三國的代表團來到中國，與溫家寶總理進行了會談，討論如何加強歐盟與中國在可持續發展和商貿方面的合作。事實上，那次會議已經為中歐間合作開啟了新的前景。我相信，明天召開的亞歐首腦會議和12月1日在里昂召開的歐中峰會將會進一步推動我們的伙伴關系向前發展。

One issue, however, deserves sustained political attention from leaders on both sides: the trade deficit.We know that this in part reflects the growing competitiveness of Chinese products.But we must also recognise that other factors are involved, which can and must be corrected.We need to work together, in a spirit of reciprocity, to eliminate obstacles preventing the access, in many sectors, of European goods and services to the Chinese market.然而，有一個問題需要我們雙方領導人從政治方面加以不斷的關注，這就是貿易赤字問題。我們知道貿易赤字部分地反映出中國產品不斷增加的競爭力。但是我們也必須認識到這其中還有一些可以而且必須糾正的其他因素。我們需要共同努力，本著互惠的精神，在許多領域為歐洲商品和服務進入中國市場清除障礙。

Our cooperation in the fight against climate change is particularly important.We all now know that climate change is real, that it is caused by human activity, and that its consequences are universal and will be felt first and foremost by the poorest.Yes, it is true that the state of our planet today is a result of industrialization that began generations ago in developed countries.At that time none of us was aware of the consequences.But now we know, and we know that there is no solution without unity.我們在應對氣候變化方面的合作尤其重要。我們現在都認識到氣候的變化是實實在在的，這一變化由人類活動引發，其影響是全球性的并且將首先波及最貧困的人口。是的，我們星球的現狀是發達國家數代人以前開啟的工業化進程造成的。當時，沒有人意識到這些后果。但是，我們現在認識到了這一點，并且知道只有團結起來才能找到解決問題的辦法。

The European Union, responsible for just 14% of greenhouse gas emissions, is taking action to reduce emissions by 20%.But we obviously cannot do it alone.It will serve little purpose if other countries, including China, a huge consumer of fossil fuels, do not join in common action.雖然歐盟溫室氣體的排放總量大約只占全球總量的14%，并且我們正在采取行動以爭取在2020年減少排放總量的20%，但我們不可能獨立完成這項事業。如果包括化石能源巨大消費者—中國在內的其他國家不參與共同行動，我們的努力將不會產生結果。

Yes, there is a cost to reducing emissions, but the cost of global warming and not just in the long term is going to be far higher, including for China.是的，我們將為減少溫室氣體排放付出代價，但我們可能在并不遙遠的將來為全球變暖付出遠高于此的代價，中國也不能例外。

Furthermore, policies and investments dedicated to energy saving as well as replacing polluting energy sources with new and renewable sources of energy will also foster growth, technological development and employment.It is important that efforts to combat climate change stay on track, despite the financial turmoil.Combating climate change is an objective not only for us but also for the future of mankind.此外，旨在節約能源以及用新的可再生能源替代污染型能源的政策與投資也將促進增長、技術進步和就業。盡管我們遇到了這場金融動蕩，我們仍需繼續為應對氣候變化做出努力，這一點非常重要。應對氣候變化不僅是關乎我們自身的目標，而且也將關系到人類的未來。

Let me conclude，讓我最后總結一下。

It is for us today to chart the course for the future.Our mutual dependency will continue to grow and the interactions between us will continue to multiply.We on the European side are eager to strengthen our cooperation with China in order to meet challenges of tomorrow.In doing so we must work within a comprehensive, strategic partnership keeping mutual interest and concerns in mind.We must and will continue to view the relationship from a strategic perspective.今天，我們需要為未來發展做出規劃。我們的相互依賴將會繼續加深，我們間的交流也將繼續增加。我們歐洲方面迫切地希望加強與中國的合作以應對明天的挑戰。為此，我們必須在全面的戰略伙伴關系下展開合作，同時要考慮到相互利益和關注點。我們必須也將繼續從戰略高度審視中歐之間的合作關系。

My meetings with President Hu and with Premier Wen during this visit, will provide an excellent opportunity to review our relationship and chart the course for the future continued strengthening of EU-China relations.I hope you will all take part in that endeavour.我此次訪問與胡主席和溫總理的會談將為總結中歐關系并且規劃我們未來繼續加強的關系提供良好的機會。我希望你們都能參與到這一事業中。

Thank you.謝謝大家！

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第二篇：2010.9.22在中國歐盟商會晚餐會上的演講（本站推薦）

在中國歐盟商會晚餐會上的演講 中國駐歐盟使團團長 宋哲大使

Remarks by H.E.Ambassador Song Zhe at the EUCCC Dinner 尊敬的戴杰會長，女士們，先生們： President Jacques de Boisséson, Ladies and Gentlemen, 大家晚上好！Good evening.很高興再次參加中國歐盟商會在布魯塞爾組織的活動，與企業家朋友們見面。此次是戴杰先生首次作為會長，代表中國歐盟商會，向中歐有關機構提交《歐盟企業在華建議書》。我代表中國駐歐盟使團，對戴杰會長和中國歐盟商會表示衷心的感謝，并向長期以來為促進中歐友好做出重要貢獻的歐洲企業家們，表示誠摯的問候和良好的祝愿！

I am very happy to once again meet our friends from the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China(EUCCC).Today is the first time for Mr.Boisséson to submit the Position Paper to relevant authorities both in China and the EU in the capacity as the Chamber President.On behalf of the China Mission, I wish to express my heartfelt appreciation to President Boisséson and the Chamber.I would also like to express my sincere greetings and best wishes to European entrepreneurs for your long standing contribution to China-EU friendship.再過十多天，布魯塞爾將迎來第13次中歐領導人會晤和第6屆中歐工商峰會。這是近期雙邊關系發展的高潮，將延續近年來中歐戰略互信增強、互利合作擴大的良好態勢，并為今后一個時期中歐全面戰略伙伴關系發展指明方向。經貿合作一直是中歐關系的重要組成部分，也是歷次領導人會晤討論的重要議題之一。

The 13th China-EU Summit and the 6th China-EU Business Summit will be held here in Brussels in a few days.As major highlights of our recent bilateral relations, these events will help us boost strategic mutual trust, expand mutually beneficial cooperation, and point out the future direction of our relations.Business cooperation, as an all-time integral part of China-EU ties, has always received constant attention during previous China-EU Summit discussions.近年來，中歐經貿關系取得長足發展，即便是在國際金融危機最嚴重的去年，中歐貿易和投資仍然保持了基本穩定，沒有出現大幅下滑，體現出很強的抗風險能力。今年以來，中歐經貿合作保持強勁發展勢頭，實現了恢復性增長。據中方統計，今年1-8月，中歐雙邊貿易總值同比增長36.2%，歐盟對華投資增長18.9%，雙雙超過危機前水平。歐盟是中國最大貿易伙伴、出口市場和技術引進來源地；中國也是歐盟第二大貿易伙伴，并上升為歐第二大出口市場。

In recent years, we have witnessed huge progress in China-EU business ties.Our trade and investment cooperation has shown strong resilience against the financial crisis even in the most difficult moments of year 2009.There was no major tumbling falls.This year, with the recovery growth in place, our economic and trade cooperation has maintained a strong momentum of growth.Chinese statistics shows that our bilateral trade grew by 36.2% in the first eight months this year, and EU investment in China increased by 21.8%, both exceeding the pre-crisis level.The EU is China’s largest trading partner, export market, and source of technology transfer.China is EU’s second largest trading partner and export market.在全球貿易投資緩慢復蘇的背景下，中歐經貿合作之所以能顯示出如此強勁回升、高速增長的喜人形勢，我認為應歸功于以下幾點：

The strong and rapid growth in China-EU business cooperation against the slow world recovery is attributable to three factors.一是中歐經濟的互補性奠定了堅實基礎。歐盟科技發達，資金雄厚，國際營銷經驗豐富，高科技制造、高檔品牌、節能環保等產業具有明顯的優勢。而中國勞動力資源豐富，生產成本低，日用消費品等勞動密集型工業具有較強競爭力。目前，歐盟經濟已進入了主要依靠知識創新拉動的“后工業時代”，而中國還處在工業化、城市化加速發展的進程中，雙方這種互補的經濟結構為經貿合作提供了廣闊空間。

First, economic complementarity constitutes a solid basis for China-EU business ties.Europe enjoys remarkable advantage in science and technology, capital market, international marketing, hi-tech manufacturing, exclusive brands, energy conservation, and environment protection.In China, the abundant labor resource and low production cost make us competitive in consumer goods manufacturing and other labor intensive industries.While the EU is already in the period of post-industrialization, featuring innovation-driven economy, China is still in the process of speedy industrialization and urbanization.Such structural complementarity provides a huge room for the growth of our business cooperation.二是中歐合作的互利性提供了強勁動力。歐盟企業通過資金、技術的投入，推進了中國工業化進程，拉動了經濟增長和就業，加快了經濟發展方式轉變和國際競爭力提升，同時自身也獲得了巨大發展。中國出口物美價廉的商品，為歐洲消費者節省了大量開支，幫助歐洲企業降低了生產成本，歐盟市場也成為不少中國企業發展壯大的重要依托。互利互惠的合作激勵著雙方企業進一步開拓對方市場，成為中歐經貿關系不斷向前發展的最主要推動力量。據6月份中國歐盟商會的調查，64%的歐盟在華企業將中國列為未來首選或前三位投資目的地，如巴斯夫計劃4年內對華投資20億歐元。

Second, mutual benefit provides a strong driving force for the China-EU economic and trade cooperation.Capital and technology investment from Europe, while making corporate profits for European companies, has also benefited China’s competitiveness, industrialization, economic and job growth, and the upgrade of economic growth pattern.With the low-price quality goods from China, European households are able to make huge savings on consumer goods, and businesses could cut a bulk of their production cost, creating a favorable market for Chinese business growth.Such mutual benefit, acting like a strong driving force, encourages businesses from the two sides to further expand each other’s market.BASF plans to make 2 billion Euros investment in China over the next four years.In fact, as the survey released by the EUCCC in June suggested, 64% of European companies in China ranked China as their first or among top three destinations for future investment.三是中歐政策的協調性創造了重要條件。全球化加深了世界經濟的融合程度，各國經濟組成了一個相互之間聯系緊密的鏈條，形成了你中有我、我中有你的格局，一榮俱榮，一損俱損。在維護世界經濟穩定方面，各國尤其是主要經濟體有著越來越多的共同利益，也需擔負著越來越大的共同責任。在過去的兩年時間里，中歐雙方無論在雙邊場合，還是在G20等多邊場合，都堅持密切協調合作，共同應對危機，確保市場開放，反對保護主義，促進了雙方乃至世界經濟的復蘇與增長，從而為中歐經貿合作營造了穩定的大環境。

Third, coordinated policy creates favorable environment for China-EU business cooperation.Globalization has lead to a huge and complicated web of economic ties among different countries, where both positive and negative factors could produce systematic impact.Today, major economies have greater common interests and shared responsibilities to maintain world economic stability.Over the last two years, China and Europe have maintained close coordination and cooperation in joint response to the financial crisis both at bilateral level and on such multilateral occasions as the G20.Our maintenance of open market and opposition to protectionism helped promote economic recovery and growth not only in China and Europe, but also in the world at large, creating a stable and enabling environment for our economic and trade cooperation.女士們，先生們： Ladies and Gentlemen, 經貿合作離不開宏觀經濟環境和宏觀經濟政策的支撐。當前，中國政府正在著手編制“十二五”規劃，描繪未來5年的發展藍圖。總的方向是加快轉變經濟發展方式，調整經濟結構，將為包括歐盟企業在內的各國企業創造大量新的商機。我認為，至少有以下四方面的機遇。Macroeconomic environment and policy support are essential for China-EU economic and trade cooperation.Although the Chinese government is still trimming the final text of the 12th Five Year Plan, which will determine China’s development landscape over the next five years, it is safe to conclude that we will accelerate the pace to modify our growth pattern and economic structure.These changes will provide huge business opportunities for European and other foreign enterprises in the following four aspects.一、消費市場擴大帶來的機遇。中國是全球消費增長最快的國家之一，1978年以來年均增長14.4%，是世界平均水平的3倍。2009年中國已成為僅次于美國、日本和德國的第四大消費國，并成為世界最大汽車市場。“十二五”期間，中國將著力形成以內需，特別是最終消費拉動經濟增長的格局，推動消費市場進一步趨向繁榮，消費結構升級有望帶動更大的高檔消費熱潮。有專家預計，2015年中國最終消費將達到5萬億美元，位居全球第二，奢侈品消費將位居全球第一。希望歐盟企業在滿足中國需求的同時實現自身的發展。

First, consumer market.Averaging a 14.4% growth rate since 1978, China is among the world’s fastest growing consumer countries—three times the world’s average speed.Last year, China became the world’s largest auto market and the fourth largest consumer market, only behind the United States, Japan and Germany.Over the next five years, we will work hard to boost domestic demand, and make economic growth more driven by the increase in end consumption.The boom in the consumer market and the upgrade in the consumption structure will stimulate greater high-end consumption.Some experts forecasted that China will have the world’s second biggest end consumption volume of 5 trillion US dollars and become the word’s largest consumer of luxury goods by 2015.We wish that European businesses will find growth out of the huge demand of the Chinese market.二、產業結構調整帶來的機遇。“十二五”期間，中國將進一步優化產業結構比例關系，逐步形成以農業為基礎,高技術產業為先導，先進制造業和現代服務業為支撐，基礎產業、傳統產業和服務業全面發展的產業格局。金融、醫療衛生、物流等現代服務業和生物醫藥、信息產業等先進制造業將是政策支持的優先重點，發展前景非常看好。歐盟在這些產業領域擁有一批世界領先的企業，技術先進，經驗豐富。中國政府愿積極幫助中歐企業通過合資、技術合作、服務外包等方式，在上述領域開展合作，促進雙方企業共同提升國際競爭力。Second, industrial structural change.We will optimize our industrial mix over the next five years.We will, in a phased manner, put in place an industrial structure featuring comprehensive growth in heavy, traditional, and service sectors.With hi-tech industries as forerunners for growth, such industrial mix will be built on the basis of agriculture and underpinned by advanced manufacturing and modern service industries.Priority areas for policy support will cover modern service industries such as financial, logistics, medical and health services and advanced manufacturing businesses like biomedicine and information industry.It is therefore conceivable that these sectors are most likely to enjoy a stronger prospect for growth.There are a number of world class enterprises in Europe that has both the technology and experience to make full use of such opportunity.With the purpose to boost international competitiveness of Chinese and European companies, the Chinese government is willing to actively support China-EU business cooperation through joint venture, technology cooperation, and service outsourcing.三、綠色經濟發展帶來的機遇。“十二五”期間，中國將加快形成節約能源資源和保護生態的增長方式和消費模式，大力發展綠色經濟。專家估算，今后五年間，中國環保投資額將超過3萬億元，占GDP的1.5%。歐盟在清潔能源和節能環保產業，如潔凈煤和碳捕捉及封存、智能電網、建筑能效、新能源汽車等領域擁有較大優勢。我們欣喜地看到，今年7月，德國戴姆勒公司已在華設立合資企業，開發新一代電動汽車，這既有利于中國汽車產業的革新，也有利于戴姆勒公司自己的發展。希望更多歐盟企業充分發揮自身優勢，積極參與中國綠色經濟發展的進程。

Third, green technology.During the 12th Five Year Plan period, we will move faster in developing green economy and putting in place the growth and consumption pattern of energy and resource conservation and environment protection.Experts forecasted that China will invest 1.5% of the GDP, equivalent to more than 3 trillion RMB Yuan in environment protection between 2011 and 2015.The EU has moved ahead of China in clean energy, energy conservation and environment protection.Examples in these areas include clean coal, carbon capture and storage, smart grid, energy efficient architecture, and alternative energy automobiles.We are very happy to see that this July, German company Daimler has established a joint venture in China to develop a new generation of electric vehicles.This initiative will not only help promote innovation in the Chinese auto industry, but will also benefit the growth of Daimler itself.We hope that more European companies will make better use of their advantages and actively participate in the development of green economy in China.四、區域協調發展帶來的機遇。“十二五”期間，中國將加大統籌城鄉區域協調發展力度，深入實施西部大開發和中部崛起戰略，加快中西部地區工業化、城市化進程。為配合這一戰略，中國政府正在研究通過企業所得稅優惠政策、技術資金配套支持等措施，鼓勵外商到中西部投資。近來，已有一些歐盟企業將工廠從沿海遷到了中西部，有效降低了土地、勞動力等綜合成本。今后，隨著中西部交通基礎設施等投資環境進一步改善，相信更多歐盟企業可以在那里找到新的發展空間。

Fourth, coordinated regional growth.When we follow through with the new Five Year Plan, we will work for stronger coordination in the growth between urban and rural areas and among different regions.We will continue with the strategy to develop the west, work for the rise of the central part of China, and accelerate the industrialization and urbanization in the central and western part of country.To support this strategy, the Chinese government is now studying the options of using income tax rebates and technology and capital support measures to encourage foreign investment in these regions.Recently, some European enterprises have moved their factories away from the coastal regions to the hinterland, effectively cutting down land, labor and other production costs.I believe that with the further improvement in transportation systems and other infrastructural facilities, more European companies will be able to make profit in these regions.女士們，先生們： Ladies and Gentlemen, 堅持對外開放基本國策，堅定不移地發展開放型經濟，奉行互利共贏的開放戰略，是改革開放30多年來中國經濟持續快速發展的一條重要經驗。金融危機期間，中國堅持對外開放，擴大市場準入，不斷推進貿易自由化和投資便利化工作。2009年，中國吸收外資達到900億美元，位居世界第二。世界銀行調查顯示，外資企業在華投資的回報率達22%，遠高于世界平均水平。隨著中國開放型經濟不斷發展，越來越多的跨國公司正把中國作為全球發展戰略的重點。

Opening up is China’s basic national policy.The firm commitment to an open economy and the pursuit of opening up strategy of mutual benefit and win-win progress are the most important things that we have learned from our sustained and fast economic growth over the last three decades.During the financial crisis, we have maintained opening up, expanded our market access, and continued to promote trade liberalization and investment facilitation.In 2009, with 90 billion US dollar foreign investment in-flow, China was ranked as the second largest recipient for foreign investment.According to the World Bank, foreign investment in China makes a 22% profit, far outstepping the world’s average.With the continued development of China’s open economy, an increasing number of multinationals are taking China as the priority in their global development strategy.同時，我們也注意到，最近一段時間，不少外國投資企業，包括歐盟企業，對中國投資環境表達了多種關注。今年的《歐盟企業在華建議書》綜合了1400余家會員公司的意見，針對34項議題，向中國與歐洲的政策制定者提出了380余條建議。對《建議書》中提出的問題，如進一步擴大開放、營造公平競爭環境、立法和執法透明度以及知識產權保護等，我們已經并將繼續通過各個途徑轉告國內相關主管部門，請他們積極研究處理。

Recently, we have noticed that many foreign businesses, including those from Europe, had expressed their concerns over China’s investment environment.After interviewing more than 1,400 member companies, this year’s Position Paper includes some 380 key recommendations to policy makers in China and Europe over 34 items.At this point, we have already forwarded to corresponding departments and agencies in China your suggestions that are related to greater opening up, fair competition, transparency in legislation and law enforcement, and IPR protection.We will continue to talk to them and ask them to actively study and resolve these matters.在此，我想引述溫家寶總理今年4月會見歐盟企業家代表時所說的話，“我們在對外開放中，在某些領域和過程中存在一些缺點和不足，但這絲毫不意味著我們改變對外開放政策。恰恰相反，我們將堅定不移地對外開放。”事實上，招商引資、擇優選資，促進“引資”與“引智”相結合，是中國對外開放的重要內容。中國過去、現在和將來都把利用好國際國內兩個市場、兩種資源，把引進外資和對外投資作為對內促進科學發展、和諧發展，對外堅持和平發展、合作發展的長期戰略方針。今年4月，中國政府出臺《關于進一步做好利用外資工作的若干意見》，明確指出要加大改革創新力度，營造更加開放、更加優化的投資環境。下一步，中國在利用外資方面將著力做好以下工作：

Here I wish to quote a few remarks made by Premier Wen Jiabao this April when he met with European business representatives.He said, “The shortfalls and drawbacks we have in opening up should by no means be interpreted as a change of our opening up policy.On the contrary, we will remain committed to our opening up policy.” In fact, being selective on attracting foreign investment and combing attracting capital and technology investment are integral parts of China’s opening up strategy.In order to attain scientific and harmonious development at home and to promote peaceful and cooperative development abroad, we will, as we have always been, make good use of both domestic and international markets and capital resources.The bottom line is to make effective use of both the foreign investment we receive and the investment we make overseas.The Opinions of the State Council Concerning Further Improving the Work of Utilizing Foreign Investment released in April clearly pointed out that there should be stronger efforts to intensify reform and innovation to create a more open and favorable investment environment.We will focus our efforts in the following four areas to ensure effective delivery of this goal.第一，進一步擴大開放。中國政府將綜合考慮穩定利用外資和促進國內發展的需要，擴大對外資開放領域，促進利用外資方式多樣化。中國政府鼓勵外資投向高端制造業、高新技術產業、現代服務業、新能源和節能環保等產業，鼓勵外資以參股、并購等方式參與中國國內企業改組改造和兼并重組，拓寬外商投資企業境內融資渠道。

First, we will further open up our economy.We will strike a balance between stability and effectiveness in using foreign investment.We will open up more sectors for foreign investment to diverse our portfolio.The Chinese government encourages foreign investment in high-end manufacturing businesses, hi-tech industries, modern service industries, new energy, energy conservation, and environment protection.We encourage foreign investment to participate in the reorganization, restructuring, annexation, and reorganization of Chinese companies through share-holding or merger and acquisition.Efforts will also be made to expand financing resources for the foreign invested enterprises(FIEs)in China.第二，營造公平競爭環境。外商投資企業是“中國制造”的組成部分，同中國本土資本投資企業適用同樣的原產地規則，享受一視同仁的平等國民待遇。中國政府鼓勵自主創新的政策適用于依法在華設立的一切外商投資企業，是廣泛開展國際合作條件下的開放式創新。同時中國正在爭取盡快加入WTO政府采購協議，并將努力避免強制認證等行政行為對貿易投資造成不合理的技術壁壘。

Second, we will create a fair competition environment.The FIEs represent an important part of the group of “Made in China”.They receive equal national treatment as locally invested enterprises and enjoy the same rule of origin.The government’s policies to encourage innovation extend to all FIEs in China.What we pursue is open environment for innovation which includes extensive international cooperation.China is moving fast in the accession to the WTO Government Procurement Agreement and is working hard to remove unreasonable technical barriers to trade and investment resulting from mandatory certification and other administrative activities.第三，完善法律和政策體系。中國將進一步增加立法和決策透明度，充分聽取包括外資企業在內的各界意見。及時發布發展規劃、產業政策、準入標準、行業動態等信息，同時規范執法和行政行為，確保與外資相關的法律與政策得到統一、有效執行，提高投資便利化程度。Third, we will improve our legal and policy system.We will work for greater transparency in legislation and decision making, and fully heed the views from all sectors of society, including that of the FIEs.Development plans, industrial policies, market access standards, and industrial updates will be released in a timely manner.There will also be stronger efforts to regulate law enforcement and administrative conducts so as to facilitate investment and to ensure standardized and effective enforcement of relevant laws and regulations.第四，加強知識產權保護。中國一貫高度重視知識產權保護，把保護知識產權提升為國家戰略，堅決打擊各種違法侵權行為。今后我們將進一步健全知識產權保護體系，嚴格執法，保護投資者權益。歡迎歐盟投資者對中國查處侵犯知識產權的行動繼續予以配合和監督。Fourth, we will give stronger protection to intellectual property rights.As a part of our national strategy, China always takes the IPR protection seriously and has resolutely fought against illegal infringements.In the future, we will further shore up our IPR protection regime and work for strict law enforcement to protect the rights and interests of investors.We welcome continued coordination and supervision from European investors in our investigation.女士們，先生們： Ladies and Gentlemen, 當前，隨著經濟全球化的深入發展，中歐相互依存更加緊密。中國歐盟商會成立10年來，為促進歐盟企業對華投資做了大量工作。希望中國歐盟商會今后繼續積極推動中歐企業間合作，引導歐盟企業擴大對華投資。同時，也希望中國歐盟商會推動歐委會和相關成員國解決中方關注的完全市場經濟地位、貿易救濟措施、商務人員簽證難等問題，為雙邊經貿合作深入發展創造公平、便捷、穩定的環境。

Stronger economic globalization means stronger interdependence between China and Europe.Since its inception ten years ago, the EUCCC has done a great deal to promote European investment in China.I hope that the Chamber will continue to engage in facilitating China-EU business cooperation, and bring more European companies to make investment in China.For China, the MES, trade remedy measures, visa facilitation for Chinese business people have long stayed on our list of concern.Speaking of such, it is also my sincere wish that the Chamber will be a positive force in talking to the EU institutions and relevant member states for the early resolution of those problems in pursuit of a fair, convenient, and stable environment for our business growth.今天在座的各位都是歐盟企業界的領軍人物，對中歐經貿合作的發展有著重要影響。我深信，只要大家在新的發展起點上把握機遇，凝聚共識，務實行動，中歐經貿合作一定能夠迎來更加美好的明天！

Business leaders like all of you have a strong influence over the future landscape of China-EU business ties.I firmly believe that with our concerted efforts and best wishes, the China-EU economic and trade cooperation will enjoy an even brighter future.祝愿大家在中國的投資活動取得更大成功！

To conclude, I wish all of you greater success in China!謝謝大家！

第三篇：習主席中國夢的經典1演講

1、《承前啟后 繼往開來 繼續朝著中華民族偉大復興目標奮勇前進——在參觀“復興之路”展覽時的講話》（2012年11月29日）

2、《在中央黨校建校80周年慶祝大會暨2013年春季學期開學典禮上的講話（摘錄）》（2013年3月1日）

3、《在第十二屆全國人民代表大會第一次會議上的講話（摘錄）》（2013年3月17日）

4、《接受金磚國家媒體聯合采訪（摘錄）》（2013年3月19日）

5、《攜手合作 共同發展——在金磚國家領導人第五次會晤時的主旨講話（摘錄）》（2013年3月27日）

6、《共同創造亞洲和世界的美好未來——在博鰲亞洲論壇2013年年會上的主旨演講（摘錄）》（2013年4月7日）

7、《在同全國勞動模范代表座談時的講話（摘錄）》（2013年4月28日）

8、《在同各界優秀青年代表座談時的講話（摘錄）》（2013年5月4日）

9、《勇做走在時代前面的奮進者開拓者奉獻者——給北京大學學生的回信（摘錄）》（2013 年5月5日）

10、《接受拉美三國媒體聯合書面采訪（摘錄）》（2013年5月31日）

11、《順應時代前進潮流促進世界和平發展——在莫斯科國際關系學院的演講(摘錄）》（2013年3月23日）

12、《永遠做可靠朋友和真誠伙伴——在坦桑尼亞尼雷爾國際會議中心的演講（摘錄）》（2013年3月25日）

13、《促進共同發展 共創美好未來——在墨西哥參議院的演講（摘錄）》（2013年6月5日）

14、《同奧巴馬總統共同會見記者時的講話（摘錄）》（2013年6月7日）

15、《發展航天事業 建設航天強國 為實現航天夢譜寫新的壯麗篇章——在酒泉衛星發射中心觀看發射和在接見天宮一號與神舟十號載人飛行任務參研參試單位代表的講話》（2013年6月11日）

第四篇：中國大學本科教育改革與通識教育--國家教育行政學院史朝

2011/9/29上午

一、中國大學本科教育的概況

1994年，國家實施211工程

21世紀，100所

985確定了30所重中之重

清華大學的教學改革

1993制定規劃

浙江大學的教學改革

復旦大學的教學改革

中國大學本科教學改革

? 教育部的一系列重大改革計劃

? 卓越工程師計劃（首批62所大學）

? 全科醫生計劃

? 農業推廣技師計劃

? 高等教育質量工程計劃－2011計劃（正在制定）

本科教育內容

通識教育

彈性靈活

通識教育

赫欽斯的通識教育理念

哈佛大學校長與哈佛的紅皮書

“共同教育”就是對所有公民的教育

第五篇：為什么中國的國家領導人叫主席不叫總統

為什么中國的國家領導人叫主席不叫總統？

共和制國家有總統制和內閣制……總統制以總統為國家元首和政府首腦，總攬行政權；政府各部部長由總統任命，對總統負責，總統定期向議會報告政務，對議會通過的法案可以行使否決權，但無權解散議會。總統是三軍統帥。如美國……內閣制有議會中獲得多數席位的政黨或政黨聯盟組成政府。內閣首腦為總理或首相，一般由黨主席擔任，經議會通過后，由國家元首任命。內閣對議會負責，并接受議會的監督。如果議會通過對內閣的不信任案，內閣必須總辭職，另選總理重新組閣：內閣也可以提請國家元首解散議會，進行大選，由新當選的議會決定內閣的去留。如德國（總理）英國（首相）。德國的國家元首為總統，英國的國家元首為女王。這和各國政體有聯系，德國是以總統為國家元首的議會制共和國，英國為君主立憲制，在這兩種國家里，國家元首只是形式上的元首，是一個國家的象征，并不掌握實際的國家政權。多參加一些禮儀活動。但特殊的還有像法國一類的國家兼有總統制和議會制。總統為國家元首和武裝部隊統帥，憲法賦予總統有權任免總理和批準總理提名的部長：有權解散議會，并可越過議會直接將某些重要法案提交公民表決。……

在我國，國家元首是國家主席。國家主席的職權是：根據全國人民代表大會的決定和全國人大常委會的決定，公布法律，任免國務院總理、副總理、國務委員、各部部長、各委員會主任、審計長、秘書長：授予國家勛章和榮譽稱號，發布特赦令，發布戒嚴令，宣布戰爭狀態，發布動員令；派遣和召回駐外全權代表，批準和廢除同外國締結的條約及重要協定，代表國家接受外國使節。自1982年以來，憲法規定的國家主席職權有所變化。全國武裝力量由國家設立的軍事委員會領導，國家主席不再統帥全國武裝力量；政府工作集中歸國務院領導，國家主席不再召開最高國務會議。國家主席，副主席每屆任期同全國人民代表大會任期，連續任職不得超過兩屆。中國的國家主席其實只是國家的象征，可以類比為德國的總統（不是十分恰當的類比）。