第一篇：著名演講篇之《少數(shù)人》丘吉爾

著名演講篇之《少數(shù)人》丘吉爾

1940年5月8日，由于首相張柏倫遭到不信任質(zhì)疑動(dòng)議，被迫辭職。5月10日下午6時(shí)，國(guó)王召見(jiàn)丘吉爾，令其組閣，一小時(shí)后丘吉爾會(huì)見(jiàn)工黨領(lǐng)袖艾德禮，邀請(qǐng)工黨加入內(nèi)閣并獲得支持。3天后丘吉爾首次以首相身份出席下議院會(huì)議，發(fā)表了著名的講話(huà)：“我沒(méi)有別的，只有熱血、辛勞、眼淚和汗水獻(xiàn)給大家·····你們問(wèn)：我們的目的是什么？我可以用一個(gè)詞來(lái)答復(fù)：勝利，不惜一切代價(jià)去爭(zhēng)取勝利，無(wú)論多么恐怖也要爭(zhēng)取勝利，無(wú)論道路多么遙遠(yuǎn)艱難，也要爭(zhēng)取勝利，因?yàn)闆](méi)有勝利就無(wú)法生存。”下議院最終以381票對(duì)0票的絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)表明了對(duì)丘吉爾政府的支持。

上星期五晚上，我接受了英王陛下的委托，組織新政府。這次組閣，應(yīng)包括所有政黨，既有支持上屆政府的政黨，也有上屆政府的反對(duì)黨，顯而易見(jiàn)，這是議會(huì)和國(guó)家的希望與意愿。我已完成了此項(xiàng)任務(wù)中最重要的部分。戰(zhàn)時(shí)內(nèi)閣業(yè)已成立，由5位閣員組成，其中包括反對(duì)黨的自由主義者，代表舉國(guó)一致的團(tuán)結(jié)。三黨領(lǐng)袖已經(jīng)同意加入戰(zhàn)時(shí)內(nèi)閣，或者擔(dān)任國(guó)家高級(jí)行政職務(wù)。三軍指揮機(jī)構(gòu)已加以充實(shí)。由于事態(tài)發(fā)展的極端緊迫感和嚴(yán)重性，僅僅用一天時(shí)間完成此項(xiàng)任務(wù)，是完全必要的。其他許多重要職位在昨天任命。我將在今天晚上向英王陛下呈遞補(bǔ)充名單，并希望于明日一天完成對(duì)政府主要大臣的任命。其他一些大臣的任命，雖然通常需要更多一點(diǎn)的時(shí)間，但是，我相信會(huì)議再次開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)，我的這項(xiàng)任務(wù)將告完成，而且本屆政府在各方面都將是完整無(wú)缺的。

全文演講如下：

我認(rèn)為，向下院建議在今天開(kāi)會(huì)是符合公眾利益。議長(zhǎng)先生同意這個(gè)建議，并根據(jù)下院決議所授予他的權(quán)力，采取了必要的步驟。今天議程結(jié)束時(shí)，建議下院休會(huì)到5月21日星期二。當(dāng)然，還要附加規(guī)定，如果需要的話(huà)，可以提前復(fù)會(huì)。下周會(huì)議所要考慮的議題，將盡早通知全體議員。現(xiàn)在，我請(qǐng)求下院，根據(jù)以我的名義提出的決議案，批準(zhǔn)已采取的各項(xiàng)步驟，將它記錄在案，并宣布對(duì)新政府的信任。組成一屆具有這種規(guī)模和復(fù)雜性的政府，本身就是項(xiàng)嚴(yán)肅的任務(wù)。但是大家一定要記住，我們正處在歷史上一次最偉大的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的初期階段，我們正在挪威和荷蘭的許多地方進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)斗，我們必須在地中海地區(qū)做好準(zhǔn)備，空戰(zhàn)仍在繼續(xù)，眾多的戰(zhàn)備工作必須在國(guó)內(nèi)完成。在這危急存亡之際，如果我今天沒(méi)有向下院做長(zhǎng)篇演說(shuō)，我希望能夠得到你們的寬恕。我還希望，因?yàn)檫@次政府改組而受到影響的任何朋友和同事，或者以前的同事，會(huì)對(duì)禮節(jié)上的不周之處予以充分諒解，這種禮節(jié)上的欠缺，到目前為止是在所難免的。正如我曾對(duì)參加本屆政府的成員說(shuō)的那樣，我要向下院說(shuō)：“我沒(méi)有什么可以奉獻(xiàn)，有的只是熱血、辛勞、眼淚和汗水。”

擺在我們面前的，是一場(chǎng)極為痛苦的嚴(yán)峻的考驗(yàn)。在我們面前，有許多許多漫長(zhǎng)斗爭(zhēng)苦難的歲月。你們問(wèn)：我們的政策是什么？我要說(shuō)，我們的政策就是用我們?nèi)磕芰Γ蒙系劢o予我們的全部力量，在海上、陸地和竄進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，同一個(gè)在人類(lèi)悲慘的罪惡史上所從未有過(guò)的窮兇極惡的暴政進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。這就是我們的政策。你們問(wèn)：我們的目標(biāo)是什么：我可以用一個(gè)詞來(lái)回答：勝利——不惜一切代價(jià)，去贏得勝利；無(wú)論多么可怕，也要贏得勝利，無(wú)論道路多么遙遠(yuǎn)和艱難，也要贏得勝利。因?yàn)闆](méi)有勝利，就不能生存。大家必須認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)：沒(méi)有勝利，沒(méi)有帝國(guó)的存在，就沒(méi)有帝國(guó)所代表的一切，就沒(méi)有促使人類(lèi)朝著自己目標(biāo)奮勇前進(jìn)這一世代相傳的強(qiáng)烈欲望和動(dòng)力。但是當(dāng)我挑起這個(gè)擔(dān)子的時(shí)候，我是心情愉快、滿(mǎn)懷希望的。我深信，人們不會(huì)聽(tīng)任我們的事業(yè)遭受失敗。此時(shí)此該，我覺(jué)得我有權(quán)要求大家的支持，我要說(shuō)：“來(lái)吧，讓我們同心協(xié)力，一道前進(jìn)。”

第二篇：丘吉爾二戰(zhàn)著名演講

丘吉爾二戰(zhàn)著名演講：熱血、汗水和眼淚

1940年5月8日，由于前首相張伯倫遭到不信任質(zhì)疑動(dòng)議，被迫辭職。5月10日下午6時(shí)，國(guó)王召見(jiàn)丘吉爾，令其組閣；一小時(shí)后丘吉爾會(huì)見(jiàn)工黨領(lǐng)袖艾德禮，邀請(qǐng)工黨加入內(nèi)閣并獲得支持。3天后丘吉爾首次以首相身份出席下議院會(huì)議，發(fā)表了著名的講話(huà)：“我沒(méi)有別的，只有熱血、辛勞、眼淚和汗水獻(xiàn)給大家……你們問(wèn)：我們的目的是什么？我可以用一個(gè)詞來(lái)答復(fù)：勝利，不惜一切代價(jià)去爭(zhēng)取勝利，無(wú)論多么恐怖也要爭(zhēng)取勝利，無(wú)論道路多么遙遠(yuǎn)艱難，也要爭(zhēng)取勝利，因?yàn)闆](méi)有勝利就無(wú)法生存。”下議院最終以381票對(duì)0票的絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)表明了對(duì)丘吉爾政府的支持。演講全文：

On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty the mission to form a new administration.上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，組織新的一屆政府。

It was the evident will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.按國(guó)會(huì)和國(guó)民的意愿，新政府顯然應(yīng)該考慮建立在盡可能廣泛的基礎(chǔ)上，應(yīng)該兼容所有的黨派。

I have already completed the most important part of this task.A war cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Labor, Opposition and Liberals, the unity of the nation.我已經(jīng)完成了這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的最主要的部分。戰(zhàn)時(shí)內(nèi)閣已由五人組成，包括工黨、反對(duì)黨和自由黨，這體現(xiàn)了舉國(guó)團(tuán)結(jié)一致。

It was necessary that this should be done in one single day on account of the extreme urgency and rigor of events.Other key positions were filled yesterday.I am submitting a further list to the King tonight.I hope to complete the appointment of principal Ministers during tomorrow.由于事態(tài)的極端緊急和嚴(yán)峻，新閣政府須于一天之內(nèi)組成，其他的關(guān)鍵崗位也于昨日安排就緒。今晚還要向國(guó)王呈報(bào)一份名單。我希望明天就能完成幾位主要大臣的任命。

The appointment of other Ministers usually takes a little longer.I trust when Parliament meets again this part of my task will be completed and that the administration will be complete in all respects.其余大臣們的任命照例得晚一些。我相信，在國(guó)會(huì)下一次召開(kāi)時(shí)，任命將告完成，臻于完善。

I considered it in the public interest to suggest to the Speaker that the House should be summoned today.At the end of today''s proceedings, the adjournment of the House will be proposed until May 2l with provision for earlier meeting if need be.Business for that will be notified to M.P.''s at the earliest opportunity.為公眾利益著想，我建議議長(zhǎng)今天就召開(kāi)國(guó)會(huì)。今天的議程結(jié)束時(shí)，建議休會(huì)到5月21日，并準(zhǔn)備在必要時(shí)提前開(kāi)會(huì)。有關(guān)事項(xiàng)當(dāng)會(huì)及早通知各位議員。

I now invite the House by a resolution to record its approval of the steps taken and declare its confidence in the new government.The resolution: 現(xiàn)在我請(qǐng)求國(guó)會(huì)作出決議，批準(zhǔn)我所采取的各項(xiàng)步驟，啟示記錄在案，并且聲明信任新政府。決議如下：

“That this House welcomes the formation of a government representing the united and inflexible resolve of the nation to prosecute the war with Germany to a victorious conclusion.” “本國(guó)會(huì)歡迎新政府的組成，她體現(xiàn)了舉國(guó)一致的堅(jiān)定不移的決心：對(duì)德作戰(zhàn)，直到最后勝利。”

To form an administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself.But we are in the preliminary Phase of one of the greatest battles in history.We are in action at any other points-in Norway and in Holland-and we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean.The air battle is continuing, and many preparations have to be made here at home.組織如此規(guī)模和如此復(fù)雜的政府原本是一項(xiàng)重大的任務(wù)。但是我們正處于歷史上罕見(jiàn)的一場(chǎng)大戰(zhàn)的初始階段。我們?cè)谄渌S多地點(diǎn)作戰(zhàn)——在挪威，在荷蘭，我們還必須在地中海做好準(zhǔn)備。空戰(zhàn)正在繼續(xù)，而且在本土也必須做好許多準(zhǔn)備工作。

In this crisis I think I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today, and I hope that any of my friends and colleagues or for mer colleagues who are affected by the political reconstruction will make all allowances for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act.值此危急關(guān)頭，我想，即使我今天向國(guó)會(huì)的報(bào)告過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)略，也當(dāng)能見(jiàn)諒。我還希望所有在這次改組中受到影響的朋友、同僚和舊日的同僚們對(duì)必要的禮儀方面的任何不周之處能毫不介意。

I say to the House as I said to Ministers who have joined this government, I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind.We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.我向國(guó)會(huì)表明，一如我向入閣的大臣們所表明的，我所能奉獻(xiàn)的唯有熱血、辛勞、眼淚和汗水我們所面臨的將是一場(chǎng)極其嚴(yán)酷的考驗(yàn)，將是曠日持久的斗爭(zhēng)和苦難。

You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air.War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime.That is our policy.若問(wèn)我們的政策是什么？我的回答是：在陸上、海上、空中作戰(zhàn)。盡我們的全力，盡上帝賦予我們的全部力量去作戰(zhàn)，對(duì)人類(lèi)黑暗、可悲的罪惡史上空前兇殘的暴政作戰(zhàn)。這就是我們的政策。

You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, It is victory.Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.若問(wèn)我們的目標(biāo)是什么？我可以用一個(gè)詞來(lái)回答，那就是勝利。不惜

一切代價(jià)，去奪取勝利——不懼一切恐怖，去奪取勝利——不論前路如何漫長(zhǎng)、如何艱苦，去奪取勝利。因?yàn)闆](méi)有勝利就不能生存。Let that be realized.No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.我們務(wù)必認(rèn)識(shí)到，沒(méi)有勝利就不復(fù)有大英帝國(guó)，沒(méi)有勝利就不復(fù)有大英帝國(guó)所象征的一切，沒(méi)有勝利就不復(fù)有多少世紀(jì)以來(lái)的強(qiáng)烈要求和沖動(dòng)：人類(lèi)應(yīng)當(dāng)向自己的目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)。

I take up my task in buoyancy and hope.I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men.我精神振奮、滿(mǎn)懷信心地承擔(dān)起我的任務(wù)。我確信，大家聯(lián)合起來(lái)，我們的事業(yè)就不會(huì)遭到挫敗。

I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, “Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.” 在此時(shí)此刻的危急關(guān)頭，我覺(jué)得我有權(quán)要求各方面的支持。我要說(shuō)：“來(lái)吧，讓我們?nèi)翰呷毫Γ⒓缜斑M(jìn)！

史上最狂妄的演講

甲骨文公司總裁Larry Ellison在耶魯大學(xué)的演講

“Graduates of Yale University, I apologize if you have endured this type of prologue before, but I want you to do something for me.Please, take a good look around you.Look at the classmate on your left.Look at the classmate on your right.Now, consider this: five years from now, 10 years from now, even thirty years from now, odds are the person on your left is going to be a loser.The person on your right, meanwhile, will also be a loser.And you, in the middle? What can you expect? Loser.Loserhood.Loser Cum Laude.In fact, as I look out before me today, I don't see a thousand hopes for a bright tomorrow.I don't see a thousand future leaders in a thousand industries.I see a thousand losers.You're upset.That's understandable.After all, how can I,Lawrence ”Larry“ Ellison, college dropout, have the

audacity to spout such heresy to the graduating class of one of the nation's most prestigious institutions? I'll tell you why.Because I, Lawrence ”Larry“ Ellison, second richest man on the planet, am college dropout, and you are not.Because Bill Gates, richest man on the planet-for now anyway-is a college dropout, and you are not.Because Paul Allen, the third richest man on the planet, dropped out of college, and you did not.And for good measure, because Michael Dell, No.9 on the list and moving up fast, is a college dropout, and you, yet again, are not.Hmm...you're very upset.That's understandable.So let me stroke your Egos for a moment by pointing out, quite sincerely, that your diplomas were not attained in vain.Most of you, I imagine, have spent four to five years here, and in many ways what you've learned and endured will serve you well in the years ahead.You've established good work habits.You've established a network of people that will help you down the road.And you've established what will be lifelong relationships with the word ”therapy.“ All that of is good.For in truth, you will need that network.You will need those strong work habits.You will need that therapy.You will need them because you didn't drop out, and so you will never be among the richest people in the world.Oh sure, you may, perhaps, work your way up to №10 or №11, like Steve Ballmer.But then, I don't have to tell you who he really works for, do I? And for the record, he dropped out of grad school.Bit of a late bloomer.Finally, I realize that many of you, and hopefully by now most of you, Are wondering, ”Is there anything I can do? Is there any hope for me at all? Actually, no.It's too late.You've absorbed too much, think you know too much.You're not 9 anymore.You have a built-in cap,and I'm not referring to the mortarboards on your heads.Hmm...you're really very upset.That's understandable.So perhaps this Could be a good time to bring up the silver lining.Not for you, Class of '00.You are a write-off, so I'll let you slink off to your pathetic $200,000-a-year jobs, where your cheques will be signed by former classmates who dropped out two years ago.Instead, I want to give hope to any underclassmen here today.I say to you, and I

can't stress this enough: leave.Pack your things and your ideas and don't come back.Drop out.Start up.For I can tell you that a cap and gown will keep you down just as surely as these security guards dragging me off this stage are keeping me down...“(At this point The Oracle CEO was ushered off stage.)耶魯?shù)漠厴I(yè)生們，我很抱歉---如果你們不喜歡這樣的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白。我想請(qǐng)你們?yōu)槲易鲆患隆Ｕ?qǐng)你---好好看一看周?chē)匆豢凑驹谀阕筮叺耐瑢W(xué)，看一看站在你右邊的同學(xué)。

請(qǐng)你設(shè)想這樣的情況：從現(xiàn)在起5年之后，10年之后，或30年之后，今天站在你左邊的這個(gè)人會(huì)是一個(gè)失敗者；右邊的這個(gè)人，同樣，也是個(gè)失敗者。而你，站在中間的家伙，你以為會(huì)怎樣？一樣是失敗者。失敗的經(jīng)歷。失敗的優(yōu)等生。

說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)，今天我站在這里，并沒(méi)有看到一千個(gè)畢業(yè)生的燦爛未來(lái)。我沒(méi)有看到一千個(gè)行業(yè)的一千名卓越領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，我只看到了一千個(gè)失敗者。你們感到沮喪，這是可以理解的。為什么，我，埃里森，一個(gè)退學(xué)生，竟然在美國(guó)最具聲望的學(xué)府里這樣厚顏地散布異端？

我來(lái)告訴你原因。因?yàn)椋遥＠锷@個(gè)行星上第二富有的人，是個(gè)退學(xué)生，而你不是。因?yàn)楸葼柹w茨，這個(gè)行星上最富有的人---就目前而言---是個(gè)退學(xué) 生，而你不是。因?yàn)榘瑐悾@個(gè)行星上

第三富有的人，也退了學(xué)，而你沒(méi)有。再來(lái)一點(diǎn)證據(jù)吧，因?yàn)榇鳡枺@個(gè)行星上第九富有的人---他的排位還在不斷上升，也是個(gè)退學(xué)生。而你，不是。

你們非常沮喪，這是可以理解的。

你們將來(lái)需要這些有用的工作習(xí)慣。你將來(lái)需要這種“治療”`。你需要它們，因?yàn)槟銢](méi)輟學(xué)，所以你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成為世界上最富有的人。哦，當(dāng)然，你可以，也許，以你的方式進(jìn)步到第10位，第11位，就像Steve。不過(guò)，我沒(méi)有告訴你他在為誰(shuí)工作，是吧？根據(jù)記載，他是研究生時(shí)輟的學(xué)，開(kāi)化得稍晚了些。

現(xiàn)在，我猜想你們中間很多人，也許是絕大多數(shù)人，正在琢磨，”能做什么？我究竟有沒(méi)有前途？“當(dāng)然沒(méi)有。太晚了，你們已經(jīng)吸收了太多東西，以為自己懂得太多。你們?cè)僖膊皇?9歲了。你們有了``內(nèi)置``的帽子，哦，我指的可不是你們腦袋上的學(xué)位帽。

嗯......你們已經(jīng)非常沮喪啦。這是可以理解的。所以，現(xiàn)在可能是討論實(shí)質(zhì)的時(shí)候啦---絕不是為了你們，2000年畢業(yè)生。你們已經(jīng)被報(bào)銷(xiāo)，不予考慮了。我想，你們就偷偷摸摸去干那年薪20萬(wàn)的可憐工作吧，在那里，工資單是由你兩年前輟學(xué)的同班同學(xué)簽字開(kāi)出來(lái)的。事實(shí)上，我是寄希望于眼下還沒(méi)有畢業(yè) 的同學(xué)。我要對(duì)他們說(shuō)，離開(kāi)這里。收拾好你的東西，帶著你的點(diǎn)子，別再回來(lái)。退學(xué)吧，開(kāi)始行動(dòng)。

我要告訴你，一頂帽子一套學(xué)位服必然要讓你淪落......就像這些保安馬上要把我從這個(gè)講臺(tái)上攆走一樣必然......（此時(shí)，拉里埃里森被帶離了講臺(tái)）

I have been to the mountaintop

馬丁·路德·金：

Thank you very kindly, my friends.As I listened to Ralph Abernathy and his eloquent and generous introduction and then thought about myself, I wondered who he was talking about.It's always good to have your closest friend and associate to say something good about you.And Ralph Abernathy is the best friend that I have in the world.I'm delighted to see each of you here tonight in spite of a storm warning.You reveal that you are determined to go on anyhow.Something is happening in Memphis;something is happening in our world.And you know, if I were standing at the beginning of time, with the possibility of taking a kind of general and panoramic view of the whole of human history up to now, and the Almighty said to me, ”Martin Luther King, which age would you like to live in?“ I would take my mental flight by Egypt and I would watch God's children in their magnificent trek from the dark dungeons of Egypt through, or rather across the Red Sea, through the wilderness on

toward the promised land.And in spite of its magnificence, I wouldn't stop there.I would move on by Greece and take my mind to Mount Olympus.And I would see Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, Euripides and Aristophanes assembled around the Parthenon.And I would watch them around the Parthenon as they discussed the great and eternal issues of reality.But I wouldn't stop there.I would go on, even to the great heyday of the Roman Empire.And I would see developments around there, through various emperors and leaders.But I wouldn't stop there.I would even come up to the day of the Renaissance, and get a quick picture of all that the Renaissance did for the cultural and aesthetic life of man.But I wouldn't stop there.I would even go by the way that the man for whom I am named had his habitat.And I would watch Martin Luther as he tacked his ninety-five theses on the door at the church of Wittenberg.But I wouldn't stop there.I would come on up even to 1863, and watch a vacillating President by the name of Abraham Lincoln finally come to the conclusion that he had to sign the Emancipation Proclamation.But I wouldn't stop there.I would even come up to the early thirties, and see a man grappling with the problems of the bankruptcy of his nation.And come with an eloquent cry that we have nothing to fear but ”fear itself.“ But I wouldn't stop there.Strangely enough, I would turn to the Almighty, and say, ”If you allow me to live just a few years in the second half of the 20th century, I will be happy.“ Now that's a strange statement to make, because the world is all messed up.The nation is sick.Trouble is in the land;confusion all around.That's a strange statement.But I know, somehow, that only when it is dark enough can you see the stars.And I see God working in this period of the twentieth century in a way that men, in some strange way, are responding.Something is happening in our world.The masses of people are rising up.And wherever they are assembled today, whether they are in Johannesburg, South Africa;Nairobi, Kenya;Accra, Ghana;New York City;Atlanta, Georgia;

Jackson, Mississippi;or Memphis, Tennessee--the cry is always the same: ”We want to be free.“

And another reason that I'm happy to live in this period is that we have been forced to a point where we are going to have to grapple with the problems that men have been trying to grapple with through history, but the demands didn't force them to do it.Survival demands that we grapple with them.Men, for years now, have been talking about war and peace.But now, no longer can they just talk about it.It is no longer a choice between violence and nonviolence in this world;it's nonviolence or nonexistence.That is where we are today.And also in the human rights revolution, if something isn't done, and done in a hurry, to bring the colored peoples of the world out of their long years of poverty, their long years of hurt and neglect, the whole world is doomed.Now, I'm just happy that God has allowed me to live in this period to see what is unfolding.And I'm happy that He's allowed me to be in Memphis.I can remember--I can remember when Negroes were just going around as Ralph has said, so often, scratching

where they didn't itch, and laughing when they were not tickled.But that day is all over.We mean business now, and we are determined to gain our rightful place in God's world.And that's all this whole thing is about.We aren't engaged in any negative protest and in any negative arguments with anybody.We are saying that we are determined to be men.We are determined to be people.We are saying--We are saying that we are God's children.And that we are God's children, we don't have to live like we are forced to live.Now, what does all of this mean in this great period of history? It means that we've got to stay together.We've got to stay together and maintain unity.You know, whenever Pharaoh wanted to prolong the period of slavery in Egypt, he had a favorite, favorite formula for doing it.What was that? He kept the slaves fighting among themselves.But whenever the slaves get together, something happens in Pharaoh's court, and he cannot hold the slaves in slavery.When the slaves get together, that's the beginning of getting out of slavery.Now let us maintain unity.Secondly, let us keep the issues where they are.The issue is injustice.The issue is the refusal of Memphis to be fair and honest in its dealings with its public servants, who happen to be sanitation workers.Now, we've got to keep attention on that.That's always the problem with a little violence.You know what happened the other day, and the press dealt only with the window-breaking.I read the articles.They very seldom got around to mentioning the fact that one thousand, three hundred sanitation workers are on strike, and that Memphis is not being fair to them, and that Mayor Loeb is in dire need of a doctor.They didn't get around to that.Now we're going to march again, and we've got to march again, in order to put the issue where it is supposed to be--and force everybody to see that there are thirteen hundred of God's children here suffering, sometimes going hungry, going through dark and dreary nights wondering how this thing is going to come out.That's the issue.And we've got to say to the nation: We know how it's coming out.For when people get caught up with that which is right and they are willing to sacrifice for it, there is no stopping point short of victory.We aren't going to let any mace stop us.We are masters in our nonviolent movement in disarming police forces;they don't know what to do.I've seen them so often.I remember in Birmingham, Alabama, when we were in that majestic struggle there, we would move out of the 16th Street Baptist Church day after day;by the hundreds we would move out.And Bull Connor would tell them to send the dogs forth, and they did come;but we just went before the dogs singing, ”Ain't gonna let nobody turn me around.“Bull Connor next would say, ”Turn the fire hoses on.“ And as I said to you the other night, Bull Connor didn't know history.He knew a kind of physics that somehow didn't relate to the transphysics that we knew about.And that was the fact that there was a certain kind of fire that no water could put out.And we went before the fire hoses;we had known water.If we were Baptist or some other denominations, we had been immersed.If we were Methodist, and some others, we had been sprinkled, but we knew water.That couldn't stop us.And we just went on before the dogs and we would look at them;and we'd go on before the water hoses and we would look at it, and we'd just go on singing ”O(jiān)ver my head

I see freedom in the air.“ And then we would be thrown in the paddy wagons, and sometimes we were stacked in there like sardines in a can.And they would throw us in, and old Bull would say, ”Take 'em off,“ and they did;and we would just go in the paddy wagon singing, ”We Shall Overcome.“ And every now and then we'd get in jail, and we'd see the jailers looking through the windows being moved by our prayers, and being moved by our words and our songs.And there was a power there which Bull Connor couldn't adjust to;and so we ended up transforming Bull into a steer, and we won our struggle in Birmingham.Now we've got to go on in Memphis just like that.I call upon you to be with us when we go out Monday.Now about injunctions: We have an injunction and we're going into court tomorrow morning to fight this illegal, unconstitutional injunction.All we say to America is, ”Be true to what you said on paper.“ If I lived in China or even Russia, or any totalitarian country, maybe I could understand some of these illegal injunctions.Maybe I could understand the denial of certain basic First Amendment privileges, because they hadn't committed themselves to that over there.But somewhere I read of the freedom of

assembly.Somewhere I read of the freedom of speech.Somewhere I read of the freedom of press.Somewhere I read that the greatness of America is the right to protest for right.And so just as I say, we aren't going to let dogs or water hoses turn us around, we aren't going to let any injunction turn us around.We are going on.We need all of you.And you know what's beautiful to me is to see all of these ministers of the Gospel.It's a marvelous picture.Who is it that is supposed to articulate the longings and aspirations of the people more than the preacher? Somehow the preacher must have a kind of fire shut up in his bones.And whenever injustice is around he tell it.Somehow the preacher must be an Amos, and saith, ”When God speaks who can but prophesy?“ Again with Amos, ”Let justice roll down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.“ Somehow the preacher must say with Jesus, ”The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me,“ and he's anointed me to deal with the problems of the poor.”

And I want to commend the preachers, under the leadership of these noble men: James Lawson, one who has

been in this struggle for many years;he's been to jail for struggling;he's been kicked out of Vanderbilt University for this struggle, but he's still going on, fighting for the rights of his people.Reverend Ralph Jackson, Billy Kiles;I could just go right on down the list, but time will not permit.But I want to thank all of them.And I want you to thank them, because so often, preachers aren't concerned about anything but themselves.And I'm always happy to see a relevant ministry.It's all right to talk about “l(fā)ong white robes over yonder,” in all of its symbolism.But ultimately people want some suits and dresses and shoes to wear down here!It's all right to talk about “streets flowing with milk and honey,” but God has commanded us to be concerned about the slums down here, and his children who can't eat three square meals a day.It's all right to talk about the new Jerusalem, but one day, God's preacher must talk about the new New York, the new Atlanta, the new Philadelphia, the new Los Angeles, the new Memphis, Tennessee.This is what we have to do.Now the other thing we'll have to do is this: Always anchor our external direct action with the power of economic withdrawal.Now, we are poor people.Individually, we are poor when you compare us with white society in America.We are poor.Never stop and forget that collectively--that means all of us together--collectively we are richer than all the nations in the world, with the exception of nine.Did you ever think about that? After you leave the United States, Soviet Russia, Great Britain, West Germany, France, and I could name the others, the American Negro collectively is richer than most nations of the world.We have an annual income of more than thirty billion dollars a year, which is more than all of the exports of the United States, and more than the national budget of Canada.Did you know that? That's power right there, if we know how to pool it.We don't have to argue with anybody.We don't have to curse and go around acting bad with our words.We don't need any bricks and bottles.We don't need any Molotov cocktails.We just need to go around to these stores, and to these massive industries in our country, and say, “God sent us by here, to say to you that you're not treating his children

right.And we've come by here to ask you to make the first item on your agenda fair treatment, where God's children are concerned.Now, if you are not prepared to do that, we do have an agenda that we must follow.And our agenda calls for withdrawing economic support from you.”

And so, as a result of this, we are asking you tonight, to go out and tell your neighbors not to buy Coca-Cola in Memphis.Go by and tell them not to buy Sealtest milk.Tell them not to buy--what is the other bread?--Wonder Bread.And what is the other bread company, Jesse? Tell them not to buy Hart's bread.As Jesse Jackson has said, up to now, only the garbage men have been feeling pain;now we must kind of redistribute the pain.We are choosing these companies because they haven't been fair in their hiring policies;and we are choosing them because they can begin the process of saying they are going to support the needs and the rights of these men who are on strike.And then they can move on town--downtown and tell Mayor Loeb to do what is right.But not only that, we've got to strengthen black institutions.I call upon you to take your money out of the

banks downtown and deposit your money in Tri-State Bank.We want a “bank-in” movement in Memphis.Go by the savings and loan association.I'm not asking you something that we don't do ourselves at SCLC.Judge Hooks and others will tell you that we have an account here in the savings and loan association from the Southern Christian Leadership Conference.We are telling you to follow what we are doing.Put your money there.You have six or seven black insurance companies here in the city of Memphis.Take out your insurance there.We want to have an “insurance-in.”

Now these are some practical things that we can do.We begin the process of building a greater economic base.And at the same time, we are putting pressure where it really hurts.I ask you to follow through here.Now, let me say as I move to my conclusion that we've got to give ourselves to this struggle until the end.Nothing would be more tragic than to stop at this point in Memphis.We've got to see it through.And when we have our march, you need to be there.If it means leaving work, if it means leaving school--be there.Be concerned about your brother.You may not be on strike.But either we go up together, or we go down together.Let us develop a kind of dangerous unselfishness.One day a man came to Jesus, and he wanted to raise some questions about some vital matters of life.At points he wanted to trick Jesus, and show him that he knew a little more than Jesus knew and throw him off base....Now that question could have easily ended up in a philosophical and theological debate.But Jesus immediately pulled that question from mid-air, and placed it on a dangerous curve between Jerusalem and Jericho.And he talked about a certain man, who fell among thieves.You remember that a Levite and a priest passed by on the other side.They didn't stop to help him.And finally a man of another race came by.He got down from his beast, decided not to be compassionate by proxy.But he got down with him, administered first aid, and helped the man in need.Jesus ended up saying, this was the good man, this was the great man, because he had the capacity to project the “I” into the “thou,” and to be concerned about his brother.Now you know, we use our imagination a great deal to try to determine why the priest and the Levite didn't stop.At times we say they were busy going to a church meeting, an ecclesiastical gathering, and they had to get on down to Jerusalem so they wouldn't be late for their meeting.At other times we would speculate that there was a religious law that “One who was engaged in religious ceremonials was not to touch a human body twenty-four hours before the ceremony.” And every now and then we begin to wonder whether maybe they were not going down to Jerusalem--or down to Jericho, rather to organize a “Jericho Road Improvement Association.” That's a possibility.Maybe they felt that it was better to deal with the problem from the causal root, rather than to get bogged down with an individual effect.But I'm going to tell you what my imagination tells me.It's possible that those men were afraid.You see, the Jericho road is a dangerous road.I remember when Mrs.King and I were first in Jerusalem.We rented a car and drove from Jerusalem down to Jericho.And as soon as we got on that road, I said to my wife, “I can see why Jesus used this as the setting for his parable.” It's a winding，meandering road.It's really conducive for ambushing.You start out in Jerusalem, which is about 1200 miles--or rather 1200 feet above sea level.And by the time you get down to Jericho, fifteen or twenty minutes later, you're about 2200 feet below sea level.That's a dangerous road.In the days of Jesus it came to be known as the “Bloody Pass.” And you know, it's possible that the priest and the Levite looked over that man on the ground and wondered if the robbers were still around.Or it's possible that they felt that the man on the ground was merely faking.And he was acting like he had been robbed and hurt, in order to seize them over there, lure them there for quick and easy seizure.And so the first question that the priest asked--the first question that the Levite asked was, “If I stop to help this man, what will happen to me?” But then the Good Samaritan came by.And he reversed the question: “If I do not stop to help this man, what will happen to him?”

That's the question before you tonight.Not, “If I stop to help the sanitation workers, what will happen to my job.Not, ”If I stop to help the sanitation workers what will happen to all of the hours that I usually spend in my office every day and every week as a pastor?“ The question is not, ”If I stop

to help this man in need, what will happen to me?“ The question is, ”If I do not stop to help the sanitation workers, what will happen to them?“ That's the question.Let us rise up tonight with a greater readiness.Let us stand with a greater determination.And let us move on in these powerful days, these days of challenge to make America what it ought to be.We have an opportunity to make America a better nation.And I want to thank God, once more, for allowing me to be here with you.You know, several years ago, I was in New York City autographing the first book that I had written.And while sitting there autographing books, a demented black woman came up.The only question I heard from her was, ”Are you Martin Luther King?“ And I was looking down writing, and I said, ”Yes.“ And the next minute I felt something beating on my chest.Before I knew it I had been stabbed by this demented woman.I was rushed to Harlem Hospital.It was a dark Saturday afternoon.And that blade had gone through, and the X-rays revealed that the tip of the blade was on the edge of my aorta, the main artery.And once

that's punctured, your drowned in your own blood--that's the end of you.It came out in the New York Times the next morning, that if I had merely sneezed, I would have died.Well, about four days later, they allowed me, after the operation, after my chest had been opened, and the blade had been taken out, to move around in the wheel chair in the hospital.They allowed me to read some of the mail that came in, and from all over the states and the world, kind letters came in.I read a few, but one of them I will never forget.I had received one from the President and the Vice-President.I've forgotten what those telegrams said.I'd received a visit and a letter from the Governor of New York, but I've forgotten what that letter said.But there was another letter that came from a little girl, a young girl who was a student at the White Plains High School.And I looked at that letter, and I'll never forget it.It said simply，Dear Dr.King，I am a ninth-grade student at the White Plains High School.” And she said,While it should not matter, I would like to mention that I'm a white girl.I read in the paper of

your misfortune, and of your suffering.And I read that if you had sneezed, you would have died.And I'm simply writing you to say that I'm so happy that you didn't sneeze.And I want to say tonight--I want to say tonight that I too am happy that I didn't sneeze.Because if I had sneezed, I wouldn't have been around here in 1960, when students all over the South started sitting-in at lunch counters.And I knew that as they were sitting in, they were really standing up for the best in the American dream, and taking the whole nation back to those great wells of democracy which were dug deep by the Founding Fathers in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.If I had sneezed, I wouldn't have been around here in 1961, when we decided to take a ride for freedom and ended segregation in inter-state travel.If I had sneezed, I wouldn't have been around here in 1962, when Negroes in Albany, Georgia, decided to straighten their backs up.And whenever men and women straighten their backs up, they are going somewhere, because a man can't ride your back unless it is bent.If I had sneezed--If I had sneezed I wouldn't have been here in 1963, when the black people of Birmingham, Alabama, aroused the conscience of this nation, and brought into being the Civil Rights Bill.If I had sneezed, I wouldn't have had a chance later that year, in August, to try to tell America about a dream that I had had.If I had sneezed, I wouldn't have been down in Selma, Alabama, to see the great Movement there.If I had sneezed, I wouldn't have been in Memphis to see a community rally around those brothers and sisters who are suffering.And they were telling me--.Now, it doesn't matter, now.It really doesn't matter what happens now.I left Atlanta this morning, and as we got started on the plane, there were six of us.The pilot said over the public address system, “We are sorry for the delay, but we have Dr.Martin Luther King on the plane.And to be sure that all of the bags were checked, and to be sure that nothing would be wrong with on the

plane, we had to check out everything carefully.And we've had the plane protected and guarded all night.”

And then I got into Memphis.And some began to say the threats, or talk about the threats that were out.What would happen to me from some of our sick white brothers?

Well, I don't know what will happen now.We've got some difficult days ahead.But it really doesn't matter with me now, because I've been to the mountaintop.And I don't mind.Like anybody, I would like to live a long life.Longevity has its place.But I'm not concerned about that now.I just want to do God's will.And He's allowed me to go up to the mountain.And I've looked over.And I've seen the Promised Land.I may not get there with you.But I want you to know tonight, that we, as a people, will get to the promised land!And so I'm happy, tonight.I'm not worried about anything.I'm not fearing any man!Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord！

馬丁·路德·金衷心感謝你們，我的朋友們。我在聽(tīng)拉爾夫·阿伯納西演講和他流利而又充滿(mǎn)溢美之詞的介紹時(shí)，我在反省著自己，我在想他談?wù)摰哪莻€(gè)人是否就是我。當(dāng)你最好的朋友和伙伴說(shuō)你好話(huà)的時(shí)候，感覺(jué)總是很美。拉爾夫·阿伯納西是我在這個(gè)世界上最好的朋友。盡管外面風(fēng)聲很緊，但我很高興看到今晚諸位依然前來(lái)這里聽(tīng)我布道，你們的到來(lái)說(shuō)明你們有決心無(wú)論如何都要把爭(zhēng)民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)繼續(xù)下去。一些事情正在孟菲斯發(fā)生著，一些事情正在這個(gè)世界上發(fā)生著。諸位知道，如果我站在人類(lèi)歷史的開(kāi)端，盡可能地用一種全方位的鏡頭審視人類(lèi)至今的歷史，萬(wàn)能的主對(duì)我說(shuō)：“馬丁·路德·金，你愿意生活在哪一個(gè)時(shí)代？”我愿意把思緒放飛到古埃及，我愿意看到上帝的子民從暗無(wú)天日的埃及地牢逃出、跨過(guò)紅海、穿越荒野、奔向應(yīng)許之地的偉大征程。盡管那情景壯麗宏大，但我不會(huì)停留在那里。我愿意繼續(xù)前行，來(lái)到古希臘，把我的思緒放飛到奧林匹斯山，我愿意看到柏拉圖、亞里士多德、蘇格拉底、歐里庇得斯以及阿里斯托芬聚集在帕臺(tái)農(nóng)神廟，我愿意看到他們聚集在那里坐而論道，縱論現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中偉大而又永恒的問(wèn)題。但我不會(huì)停留在那里。我愿意繼續(xù)前行，甚至來(lái)到羅馬帝國(guó)最輝煌鼎盛的時(shí)期。我愿意看到那里經(jīng)過(guò)幾代帝王和領(lǐng)袖的統(tǒng)治，欣欣向榮。但我不會(huì)停留在那里。我愿意來(lái)到文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，快速地瀏覽一下文藝復(fù)興給人們的文化和審美帶來(lái)的影響。但我不會(huì)停留在那里。我甚至愿意去體會(huì)那個(gè)人在其陋室里修行的生活，我愿意看到馬丁·路德把他的九十五條釘在威登堡教堂大門(mén)上的壯舉。但我不會(huì)停留在那里。我甚至愿意來(lái)到1863年，愿意看到猶

豫不決的亞伯拉罕·林肯總統(tǒng)終于下定決心簽署《解放黑奴宣言》。但我不會(huì)停留在那里。我甚至愿意來(lái)到30年代早期，愿意看到一個(gè)人正在為破產(chǎn)的國(guó)家苦苦思索出路。終于，他以雄辯的口才說(shuō)出，我們所恐懼的唯有“恐懼本身”。但我不會(huì)停留在那里。非常奇怪地，我轉(zhuǎn)向萬(wàn)能的主，對(duì)他說(shuō)：“如果您允許我活到20世紀(jì)下半葉之后的若干年，我將感到非常幸福。”這是一個(gè)奇怪的想法，因?yàn)楫?dāng)今世界一團(tuán)糟。國(guó)家像一個(gè)病人，危機(jī)四伏，一片混亂。這確實(shí)是一個(gè)奇怪的想法，但是我知道，只有在黑夜里你才可以看見(jiàn)星星。我看到上帝正在20世紀(jì)的這個(gè)年代以某種方式發(fā)揮著作用，而人類(lèi)以一種奇怪的方式應(yīng)和著上帝。一些事情正在這個(gè)世界上發(fā)生著。人民大眾正在崛起。今天無(wú)論他們?cè)谀睦锛瘯?huì)，無(wú)論他們?cè)谀戏堑募s翰內(nèi)斯堡、肯尼亞的奈洛比、加納的阿克拉，還是美國(guó)的紐約、佐治亞州的亞特蘭大及密西西比州的杰克遜市或者田納西州的孟菲斯市——他們的呼聲總是相同的：“我們要自由！”生活在這個(gè)年代讓我感到幸福的另外一個(gè)理由是，我們被迫來(lái)到了一個(gè)我們即將抓住這個(gè)問(wèn)題并必須予以解決之的時(shí)點(diǎn)上。有史以來(lái)人們一直試圖解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，但是過(guò)去的需求并沒(méi)迫使他們?nèi)グ堰@個(gè)問(wèn)題解決掉。現(xiàn)在生存危機(jī)需要我們盡全力解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。很多年來(lái)人民一直在討論戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平。但是今天，人們不能僅僅談?wù)搼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平了。在這個(gè)世界上不再是暴力和非暴力二選一的問(wèn)題，而是要么非暴力，要么非生存。這就是我們今天的處境。同樣，在人權(quán)革命中，如果不采取措施或者不采取緊急措施，把世界上的有色人種從長(zhǎng)年累月的貧困中解救出來(lái)，不把他們從常年

傷害和漠視中解放出來(lái)，那么這個(gè)世界注定要完蛋。不過(guò)，我很高興上帝允許我生活在這樣一個(gè)可以看到歷史畫(huà)卷正在展開(kāi)的時(shí)代，并且很高興上帝允許我來(lái)到了孟菲斯市。我記得——我記得當(dāng)黑人們?cè)?jīng)四處游蕩找不到支點(diǎn)——正像拉爾夫說(shuō)過(guò)的那樣——黑人們四處游蕩找不到支點(diǎn)，或者隔靴搔癢或者無(wú)所適從。但是那樣的日子一去不返了。我們是認(rèn)真的，而且我們下定決心在上帝的世界里我們贏得自己合法的地位。我們現(xiàn)在所做的就是為了這個(gè)目的。我們從事的不是消極抗議，也不是和某人的消極爭(zhēng)論。我們說(shuō)我們決心成為一個(gè)大寫(xiě)的人，我們決心成為人民——我們說(shuō)我們是上帝的子民。我們是上帝的子民，我們不必在別人的壓迫下討生活。在這個(gè)偉大的歷史時(shí)期這意味著什么？它意味著我們必須團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)。我們必須團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，萬(wàn)眾一心。我們知道，每當(dāng)法老想延長(zhǎng)埃及奴隸制度的壽命時(shí)，他就有靈丹妙藥。是什么靈丹妙藥呢？那就是他讓奴隸們不停地內(nèi)斗。但是一旦奴隸們走到了一起，在法老的宮廷里，奇怪的事情發(fā)生了，法老再也不能維持奴隸制度了。當(dāng)奴隸們團(tuán)結(jié)在一起的時(shí)候，那就是奴隸制滅亡的開(kāi)始。現(xiàn)在就讓我們團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)吧。第二，讓我們集中精力對(duì)付現(xiàn)在的問(wèn)題。不公平是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。孟菲斯市在對(duì)待其公共服務(wù)人員時(shí)缺乏公平和誠(chéng)心，碰巧這些公務(wù)服務(wù)人員是城市清潔工人，這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。現(xiàn)在我們必須全力以赴來(lái)對(duì)付這個(gè)問(wèn)題。比較棘手的問(wèn)題是發(fā)生零星暴力事件。諸位知道前天發(fā)生的事情，報(bào)刊只會(huì)報(bào)道類(lèi)似砸窗戶(hù)玻璃這樣的暴力事件。我閱讀了這些報(bào)道。記者們很少提到造成孟菲斯市1300名環(huán)衛(wèi)工人罷工事實(shí)的原因，很少提到孟菲斯市1300名

環(huán)衛(wèi)工人的不公正待遇，很少提到勒伯市長(zhǎng)急需一位“醫(yī)生”。記者們沒(méi)提這些。現(xiàn)在為了就地解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我們將再次游行，并且必須再次游行，讓世人看看，在這里有1300名上帝子民正在受難，有時(shí)還要挨餓，有時(shí)要度過(guò)漆黑憂(yōu)郁的夜晚，因?yàn)樗麄儾恢缹?lái)事情如何了結(jié)。這就是目前的問(wèn)題。我們務(wù)必向全國(guó)人民說(shuō)明：我們知道事情如何了結(jié)。因?yàn)橐坏┤藗兠靼资裁词钦_的并愿意為了真理而犧牲的時(shí)候，不達(dá)勝利是不會(huì)罷休的。催淚瓦斯不會(huì)阻止我們的步伐，我們是非暴力運(yùn)動(dòng)的主人，不會(huì)引起警察們的敵意，他們拿我們無(wú)可奈何。我常常和他們“碰面”。我記得在阿拉巴馬州的伯明翰市，當(dāng)我們舉行大規(guī)模抗議斗爭(zhēng)的時(shí)候，我們?nèi)諒?fù)一日常常出沒(méi)于浸信會(huì)教堂第十六大街，常常是數(shù)百人一伙。警察局局長(zhǎng)“公牛”康納命令部下出動(dòng)警犬，警犬的確出動(dòng)了，但是我們?nèi)匀怀霈F(xiàn)在警犬面前，大聲唱著“我們不許任何人讓我們轉(zhuǎn)身離開(kāi)”。“公牛”康納接著說(shuō)道：“把高壓水龍頭打開(kāi)噴他們。”正如我前晚告訴過(guò)你們的那樣，“公牛”康納不懂歷史。他懂得一點(diǎn)物理知識(shí)，但是他不懂“變換物理學(xué)”知識(shí)，而我們懂得。事實(shí)是我們內(nèi)心的怒火是不可能被高壓水龍頭撲滅的。于是我們出現(xiàn)在了高壓水龍頭面前，我們?cè)缫岩?jiàn)識(shí)過(guò)這種場(chǎng)面。如果我們中的一些人是浸信會(huì)教友或其宗教派別，我們?cè)缫咽苓^(guò)洗禮。如果我們中的一些人是衛(wèi)理公會(huì)教徒或其宗教派別，我們?cè)缫驯凰畤姙⑦^(guò)。我們?cè)缱R(shí)水性，高壓水龍頭阻止不了我們。所以我們?cè)诰媲袄^續(xù)前行，勇敢面對(duì)它們；我們?cè)诟邏核堫^面前繼續(xù)前行，勇敢面對(duì)它們。我們邊走邊唱“仰望天空，我看到了自由”。后

來(lái)警察把我們?nèi)搅司?chē)?yán)铮窆揞^里的沙丁魚(yú)一樣擠在一起。警察們還在把我們往警車(chē)?yán)镒В稀肮！本驼f(shuō)：“把他們拉下來(lái)。”于是警察們把我們中的一些人拉下了警車(chē)。其余的人隨著警車(chē)邊走邊唱：“我們必將取得勝利。”我們不時(shí)會(huì)被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄，我們看到獄卒隔著鐵窗望進(jìn)來(lái)，被我們的聲聲祈禱和陣陣歌聲所感動(dòng)。監(jiān)獄里有一股“公牛”康納適應(yīng)不了的力量，因此最終我們把這頭“公牛”變成了一頭“閹牛”，我們?nèi)〉昧瞬骱彩卸窢?zhēng)的勝利。現(xiàn)在我們必須在孟菲斯市繼續(xù)做同樣的事情。我號(hào)召你們和我們一起參加周一的游行。??在快結(jié)束布道前，我要說(shuō)我們必須全身心投入本次的斗爭(zhēng)中直到結(jié)束。如果現(xiàn)在就結(jié)束我們?cè)诿戏扑沟目棺h活動(dòng)，那將是最為悲哀的一件事。我們必須看到最終結(jié)果。當(dāng)我們下周一游行時(shí)，我要求你們都參加。如果那意味著你要離開(kāi)工作崗位或離開(kāi)學(xué)校——你們也要參加。關(guān)心一下你們的兄弟吧。你們可以不參加罷工，但是我們休戚相關(guān)，一榮俱榮，一損俱損。讓我們培養(yǎng)一種帶有危險(xiǎn)性的無(wú)私精神吧。一天，一個(gè)人來(lái)到耶穌身邊，他想問(wèn)幾個(gè)有關(guān)生命意義的重要問(wèn)題。起初他想蒙騙耶穌，向耶穌炫耀他懂得的道理比耶穌還多一點(diǎn)，想給耶穌來(lái)個(gè)下馬威??本來(lái)耶穌對(duì)他提的問(wèn)題可以很輕易地在哲學(xué)和神學(xué)的討論中解決掉。但是耶穌很快就把他的問(wèn)題從半空中扯了下來(lái)，將其置于耶路撒冷和杰里科之間的危險(xiǎn)彎道上。耶穌講到了一個(gè)人，這個(gè)人在經(jīng)過(guò)那個(gè)危險(xiǎn)彎道時(shí)落入了盜賊之手。此時(shí)一位利未人和一位神父剛好路過(guò)。但是他們沒(méi)有停下腳步幫助那位落入賊人之手的人。后來(lái)另外一個(gè)種族的人經(jīng)過(guò)那里，他從胯下的怪獸身上跳了

下來(lái)，一開(kāi)始并不打算管閑事。但最終他還是出手了，對(duì)路人實(shí)施了急救，并幫助了這位急于尋求救助的人。最后耶穌說(shuō)道，這是一個(gè)好人，是一個(gè)了不起的人，因?yàn)樗心芰Π选拔摇蓖渡涞健澳恪鄙砩希驗(yàn)樗P(guān)心他的兄弟。現(xiàn)在你們知道，我們充分利用我們的想象力來(lái)試圖分析為什么那位利未人和神父沒(méi)有停下來(lái)解救路人。有時(shí)候我們會(huì)說(shuō)，他們可能正趕路去參加一個(gè)教堂聚會(huì)吧，而且是教會(huì)組織的聚會(huì)，他們必須馬不停蹄地趕往耶路撒冷，否則就可能遲到。有時(shí)候我們又會(huì)揣測(cè)說(shuō)，有一條宗教法律是這么規(guī)定的：“在參加宗教儀式之前的二十四小時(shí)內(nèi)不得接觸凡人的身體。”而有時(shí)我們開(kāi)始懷疑他們不是趕往耶路撒冷或杰里科，而是去組織一個(gè)“杰里科路況改善協(xié)會(huì)”。這是一種可能性。也許他們覺(jué)得，對(duì)付這類(lèi)問(wèn)題最好的辦法是從根上找原因，而不是為了個(gè)別人而陷入困境。但是我要告訴你們我所能夠想到的理由。很可能那兩個(gè)人心中充滿(mǎn)恐懼。你們知道，杰里科路況險(xiǎn)惡。我記得我和夫人第一次到耶路撒冷的情形。我們租了一輛小汽車(chē)，從耶路撒冷一路開(kāi)到杰里科。一上路，我就對(duì)我妻子說(shuō)：“怪不得耶穌用這條道路為場(chǎng)景來(lái)安排他的寓言故事。”這是一條九曲十八彎的路，確實(shí)是強(qiáng)人做埋伏的好地方。從海拔大約1200公里——更確切地說(shuō)，是1200英尺的耶路撒冷出發(fā)，一路向杰里科進(jìn)發(fā)，15分鐘或20分鐘后到達(dá)目的地，這里的海拔已經(jīng)是2200英尺。這確實(shí)是一條危機(jī)四伏的道路，在耶穌那個(gè)時(shí)代就以“血路”聞名于世。因此，那位利未人和神父遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)望過(guò)去那位躺在路上的人，可能心里盤(pán)算著周?chē)欠襁€有強(qiáng)盜。或者還有一種可能，就是他們覺(jué)得那個(gè)

躺在地上的人只是在假裝，他假裝遭到了打劫，受到了傷害，目的就是誘騙他們過(guò)去然后將他倆一網(wǎng)打盡。因此神父問(wèn)的第一個(gè)問(wèn)題——也是那個(gè)利未人問(wèn)的第一個(gè)問(wèn)題就是：“假如我停下來(lái)去幫助他，我會(huì)發(fā)生什么事？”但是隨后那位好心的撒馬利亞人過(guò)來(lái)了，他問(wèn)了一個(gè)相反的問(wèn)題：“假如我不停下來(lái)去幫助他，他會(huì)發(fā)生什么事？”這就是今晚擺在你們面前的問(wèn)題。不是“假如我停下來(lái)去幫助環(huán)衛(wèi)工人，我的工作怎么辦？”不是“假如我停下來(lái)去幫助環(huán)衛(wèi)工人，我作為牧師損失的在辦公室辦公的時(shí)間怎么辦？”問(wèn)題不是“假如我停下來(lái)去幫助那個(gè)需要幫助的人，我會(huì)發(fā)生什么事？”問(wèn)題是“假如我不停下來(lái)去幫助這些環(huán)衛(wèi)工人，他們會(huì)發(fā)生什么事？”這才是問(wèn)題所在。今晚讓我們懷著更大的心理準(zhǔn)備振作起來(lái)，讓我們懷著更大的決心站立起來(lái)。讓我們?cè)谶@些充滿(mǎn)暴風(fēng)雨的日子里勇往直前，這些日子里將會(huì)充滿(mǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，這些挑戰(zhàn)會(huì)讓美國(guó)成為她應(yīng)該成為的一個(gè)國(guó)家。我們有機(jī)會(huì)把美國(guó)變成一個(gè)更加美好的國(guó)家。我要再次感謝上帝，是他允許我來(lái)到這里和你們站在一起。眾所周知，幾年前，我在紐約簽售我寫(xiě)的第一本書(shū)。當(dāng)我坐下來(lái)正在書(shū)上簽名的時(shí)候，一名精神錯(cuò)亂的黑人婦女走上前來(lái)。我聽(tīng)到她問(wèn)的唯一問(wèn)題是：“你是馬丁·路德·金嗎？”我正埋頭簽名，便回答說(shuō)：“是的。”下一刻我便感到什么東西打在了我的胸口。當(dāng)我明白是怎么一回事的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)被這個(gè)精神錯(cuò)亂的婦女刺中了。我被緊急送到了哈林醫(yī)院。那是一個(gè)陰暗的星期六下午。尖刀刺透了我的胸膛，X光片顯示刀尖緊貼著我的動(dòng)脈，而且是主動(dòng)脈。一旦主動(dòng)脈破裂，你就會(huì)倒在血泊之中——那

可就完蛋了。第二天早上的紐約時(shí)報(bào)報(bào)道說(shuō)，假如我當(dāng)時(shí)打個(gè)輕微的噴嚏，我將必死無(wú)疑。我做了開(kāi)胸手術(shù)，尖刀被取了出來(lái)，大概四天之后，醫(yī)生允許我坐在輪椅上在醫(yī)院四處活動(dòng)。醫(yī)生允許我閱讀來(lái)自全國(guó)乃至世界各地的祝福信。我讀了一些，但其中的一封我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記。我收到了總統(tǒng)和副總統(tǒng)寫(xiě)給我的信，但是我已經(jīng)忘記了電傳里的內(nèi)容。我收到了紐約州長(zhǎng)的信，并且他還親自探望過(guò)我，但是我已經(jīng)忘記了他信里的內(nèi)容。但是有一封來(lái)自懷特普萊斯中學(xué)一位小女孩的信，我看了后，再也不會(huì)忘記。她在信中簡(jiǎn)單地寫(xiě)道：“親愛(ài)的金博士：我是一個(gè)來(lái)自懷特普萊斯中學(xué)九年級(jí)的學(xué)生。” 她寫(xiě)道，“盡管這無(wú)關(guān)緊要，但是我還是想說(shuō)，我是一個(gè)白人女孩。我從報(bào)紙上讀到了你的不幸遭遇以及你的痛苦。報(bào)紙上還說(shuō)，如果你當(dāng)時(shí)打個(gè)噴嚏，將必死無(wú)疑。我寫(xiě)這封信就是想告訴你，我很高興你當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有打噴嚏。”今晚我想對(duì)諸位說(shuō)，我非常高興當(dāng)時(shí)我沒(méi)有打噴嚏。因?yàn)榧偃缥掖蛄藝娞纾揖筒粫?huì)在1960年來(lái)到此地，那年所有南方的學(xué)生都開(kāi)始舉行小餐館室內(nèi)靜坐抗議活動(dòng)。我知道，當(dāng)他們坐下來(lái)的時(shí)候，實(shí)際上他們正在站起來(lái)為美國(guó)夢(mèng)中最美好的理想而斗爭(zhēng)，他們正在把整個(gè)國(guó)家推向由國(guó)父?jìng)冇谩丢?dú)立宣言》及《憲法》給我們深深培育好的民主“大潮”之中。假如我打了噴嚏，我就不會(huì)在1961年來(lái)到此地，那一年，我們?yōu)榱藸?zhēng)取黑人坐車(chē)自由和結(jié)束種族隔離決定發(fā)起州際乘車(chē)旅行運(yùn)動(dòng)。假如我打了噴嚏，我就不會(huì)在1962年來(lái)到此地，那一年，佐治亞州奧爾巴尼市的黑人們決定挺直腰桿。每當(dāng)人們挺直腰桿的時(shí)候，他們就要四處走走，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)人是不能夠騎在你身上的，除非你彎下了腰。假如我打了噴嚏，我就不會(huì)在1963年來(lái)到此地，那年阿拉巴馬州伯明翰市的黑人們用他們的行動(dòng)喚起了國(guó)人的良知，最終產(chǎn)生了《民權(quán)法案》。假如我打了噴嚏，我就不會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)在那年的8月試圖告訴美國(guó)人我曾經(jīng)懷有的一個(gè)夢(mèng)想。假如我打了噴嚏，我就不會(huì)南下阿拉巴馬州，到塞爾瑪市見(jiàn)證那里的大游行。假如我打了噴嚏，今天我就不會(huì)在孟菲斯市看到圍繞在受苦受難的兄弟姐妹身邊的群眾集會(huì)。我很高興當(dāng)時(shí)我沒(méi)有打噴嚏。他們告訴我——現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在發(fā)生什么確實(shí)于我無(wú)關(guān)緊要。今天早上我離開(kāi)亞特蘭大，就在我們一行六人開(kāi)始登機(jī)的時(shí)候，飛行員通過(guò)機(jī)內(nèi)廣播系統(tǒng)說(shuō)道：“我們很抱歉飛機(jī)晚點(diǎn)起飛，因?yàn)轳R丁·路德·金博士在這架飛機(jī)上。為了確保所有的包裹被檢查一遍，為了確保本次航行不出任何差錯(cuò)，我們不得不仔細(xì)檢查，而且我們整晚都會(huì)保護(hù)和守衛(wèi)這架飛機(jī)。”當(dāng)我到達(dá)孟菲斯市的時(shí)候，一些人開(kāi)始散布威脅我的話(huà)，另外一些人在談?wù)撨@些威脅。我們某些病態(tài)的白人兄弟將會(huì)對(duì)我采取什么行動(dòng)？我不知道將會(huì)發(fā)生什么。我們還將面臨艱苦歲月。但是現(xiàn)在對(duì)我而言已不重要，因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)站在了山巔之上。我不在乎將會(huì)發(fā)生什么。像所有的人一樣，我也渴望能夠活得久一點(diǎn)。但生死由命，現(xiàn)在我已將其置之度外。我只想按上帝旨意行事。他已允許我站在了山巔之上。我環(huán)視四周，我看到了應(yīng)許之地。我也許不能和你們一起到達(dá)那里，但是今晚我要你們知道，我們民族一定能夠達(dá)到那里！因此，今晚我很幸福。我不擔(dān)心任何不測(cè)，我不懼怕任何人！我的眼睛里充滿(mǎn)著上帝賜予我的光輝！

第三篇：丘吉爾二戰(zhàn)著名演講

1940年在下院發(fā)表演說(shuō)

背景：1940年4、5月間，德軍首先“閃擊”丹表、挪威，接著入侵盧森堡、荷蘭和比利時(shí)。同時(shí)，德軍繞過(guò)法國(guó)自以為非常穩(wěn)固的“馬奇諾防線(xiàn)”，侵入法國(guó)境內(nèi)。5月下旬，德軍直逼英吉利海峽，把40多萬(wàn)英、法軍隊(duì)追逼到敦刻爾克港附近的一塊三角地帶。英、法動(dòng)員了大批船只，經(jīng)9晝夜苦戰(zhàn)，才把近34萬(wàn)士兵運(yùn)過(guò)海峽，撤入英國(guó)。這就是歷史上有名的“敦刻爾克大撤退”。

1940年5月10日，希特勒進(jìn)攻西線(xiàn)的消息傳到倫敦，倫敦輿論大嘩。張伯倫政府受到猛烈抨擊，立即垮臺(tái)。一貫主張對(duì)德國(guó)采取強(qiáng)硬路線(xiàn)的丘吉爾組成新政府。圖為5月

13日，丘吉爾在下院發(fā)表演說(shuō)，表明他對(duì)英國(guó)的忠誠(chéng)和把反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)進(jìn)行到底的決心。

精彩段落：

We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills;we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this island or a large part of it were subjugated（征服）and starving, then our empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British fleet（艦隊(duì)）, would carry on the struggle, until, in God's good time, the new world, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old 我們將在法國(guó)作戰(zhàn)，我們將在海上和大洋中作戰(zhàn)，我們將具有愈來(lái)愈大的信心和愈來(lái)愈強(qiáng)的力量在空中作戰(zhàn)；我們將不惜任何代價(jià)保衛(wèi)我們的島嶼。我們將在海灘上作戰(zhàn)；我們將在敵人登陸地點(diǎn)作戰(zhàn)；我們將在田野和街頭作戰(zhàn)；我們將在山區(qū)作戰(zhàn)；我們決不投降。即使整個(gè)英倫島或大部分土地被占，我們饑寒交迫，我們所有由英國(guó)艦隊(duì)武裝和保護(hù)的海外帝國(guó)也將繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗。直到上帝認(rèn)為適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候到了，新大陸將挺身而出，以其全部力量支援舊世界，解放舊世界！

丘吉爾二戰(zhàn)著名演講：熱血、汗水和眼淚

1940年5月8日，由于前首相張伯倫遭到不信任質(zhì)疑動(dòng)議，被迫辭職。5月10日下午6時(shí)，國(guó)王召見(jiàn)丘吉爾，令其組閣；一小時(shí)后丘吉爾會(huì)見(jiàn)工黨領(lǐng)袖艾德禮，邀請(qǐng)工黨加入內(nèi)閣并獲得支持。3天后丘吉爾首次以首相身份出席下議院會(huì)議，發(fā)表了著名的講話(huà)：“我沒(méi)有別的，只有熱血、辛勞、眼淚和汗水獻(xiàn)給大家??你們問(wèn)：我們的目的是什么？我可以用一個(gè)詞來(lái)答復(fù)：勝利，不惜一切代價(jià)去爭(zhēng)取勝利，無(wú)論多么恐怖也要爭(zhēng)取勝利，無(wú)論道路多么遙遠(yuǎn)艱難，也要爭(zhēng)取勝利，因?yàn)闆](méi)有勝利就無(wú)法生存。”下議院最終以381票對(duì)0票的絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)表明了對(duì)丘吉爾政府的支持。演講全文：

On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty the mission to form a new administration.上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，組織新的一屆政府。

It was the evident will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.按國(guó)會(huì)和國(guó)民的意愿，新政府顯然應(yīng)該考慮建立在盡可能廣泛的基礎(chǔ)上，應(yīng)該兼容所有的黨派。

I have already completed the most important part of this task.A war cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Labor, Opposition and Liberals, the unity of the nation.我已經(jīng)完成了這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的最主要的部分。戰(zhàn)時(shí)內(nèi)閣已由五人組成，包括工黨、反對(duì)黨和自由黨，這體現(xiàn)了舉國(guó)團(tuán)結(jié)一致。

It was necessary that this should be done in one single day on account of the extreme urgency and rigor of events.Other key positions were filled yesterday.I am submitting a further list to the King tonight.I hope to complete the appointment of principal Ministers during tomorrow.由于事態(tài)的極端緊急和嚴(yán)峻，新閣政府須于一天之內(nèi)組成，其他的關(guān)鍵崗位也于昨日安排就緒。今晚還要向國(guó)王呈報(bào)一份名單。我希望明天就能完成幾位主要大臣的任命。

The appointment of other Ministers usually takes a little longer.I trust when Parliament meets again this part of my task will be completed and that the administration will be complete in all respects.其余大臣們的任命照例得晚一些。我相信，在國(guó)會(huì)下一次召開(kāi)時(shí)，任命將告完成，臻于完善。

I considered it in the public interest to suggest to the Speaker that the House should be summoned today.At the end of today''s proceedings, the adjournment of the House will be proposed until May 2l with provision for earlier meeting if need be.Business for that will be notified to M.P.''s at the earliest opportunity.為公眾利益著想，我建議議長(zhǎng)今天就召開(kāi)國(guó)會(huì)。今天的議程結(jié)束時(shí)，建議休會(huì)到5月21日，并準(zhǔn)備在必要時(shí)提前開(kāi)會(huì)。有關(guān)事項(xiàng)當(dāng)會(huì)及早通知各位議員。I now invite the House by a resolution to record its approval of the steps taken and declare its confidence in the new government.The resolution: 現(xiàn)在我請(qǐng)求國(guó)會(huì)作出決議，批準(zhǔn)我所采取的各項(xiàng)步驟，啟示記錄在案，并且聲明信任新政府。決議如下：

“That this House welcomes the formation of a government representing the united and inflexible resolve of the nation to prosecute the war with Germany to a victorious conclusion.” “本國(guó)會(huì)歡迎新政府的組成，她體現(xiàn)了舉國(guó)一致的堅(jiān)定不移的決心：對(duì)德作戰(zhàn)，直到最后勝利。”

To form an administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself.But we are in the preliminary Phase of one of the greatest battles in history.We are in action at any other points-in Norway and in Holland-and we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean.The air battle is continuing, and many preparations have to be made here at home.組織如此規(guī)模和如此復(fù)雜的政府原本是一項(xiàng)重大的任務(wù)。但是我們正處于歷史上罕見(jiàn)的一場(chǎng)大戰(zhàn)的初始階段。我們?cè)谄渌S多地點(diǎn)作戰(zhàn)——在挪威，在荷蘭，我們還必須在地中海做好準(zhǔn)備。空戰(zhàn)正在繼續(xù)，而且在本土也必須做好許多準(zhǔn)備工作。

In this crisis I think I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today, and I hope that any of my friends and colleagues or for mer colleagues who are affected by the political reconstruction will make all allowances for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act.值此危急關(guān)頭，我想，即使我今天向國(guó)會(huì)的報(bào)告過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)略，也當(dāng)能見(jiàn)諒。我還希望所有在這次改組中受到影響的朋友、同僚和舊日的同僚們對(duì)必要的禮儀方面的任何不周之處能毫不介意。

I say to the House as I said to Ministers who have joined this government, I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind.We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.我向國(guó)會(huì)表明，一如我向入閣的大臣們所表明的，我所能奉獻(xiàn)的唯有熱血、辛勞、眼淚和汗水我們所面臨的將是一場(chǎng)極其嚴(yán)酷的考驗(yàn)，將是曠日持久的斗爭(zhēng)和苦難。

You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage（作戰(zhàn)）war by land, sea and air.War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime.That is our policy.若問(wèn)我們的政策是什么？我的回答是：在陸上、海上、空中作戰(zhàn)。盡我們的全力，盡上帝賦予我們的全部力量去作戰(zhàn)，對(duì)人類(lèi)黑暗、可悲的罪惡史上空前兇殘的暴政作戰(zhàn)。這就是我們的政策。You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, It is victory.Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.若問(wèn)我們的目標(biāo)是什么？我可以用一個(gè)詞來(lái)回答，那就是勝利。不惜一切代價(jià)，去奪取勝利——不懼一切恐怖，去奪取勝利——不論前路如何漫長(zhǎng)、如何艱苦，去奪取勝利。因?yàn)闆](méi)有勝利就不能生存。

Let that be realized.No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.我們務(wù)必認(rèn)識(shí)到，沒(méi)有勝利就不復(fù)有大英帝國(guó)，沒(méi)有勝利就不復(fù)有大英帝國(guó)所象征的一切，沒(méi)有勝利就不復(fù)有多少世紀(jì)以來(lái)的強(qiáng)烈要求和沖動(dòng)：人類(lèi)應(yīng)當(dāng)向自己的目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)。

I take up my task in buoyancy and hope.I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men.我精神振奮、滿(mǎn)懷信心地承擔(dān)起我的任務(wù)。我確信，大家聯(lián)合起來(lái)，我們的事業(yè)就不會(huì)遭到挫敗。

I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, “Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.” 在此時(shí)此刻的危急關(guān)頭，我覺(jué)得我有權(quán)要求各方面的支持。我要說(shuō)：“來(lái)吧，讓我們?nèi)翰呷毫Γ⒓缜斑M(jìn)！”

第四篇：【熱血、汗水和眼淚】丘吉爾二戰(zhàn)著名演講

【熱血、汗水和眼淚】丘吉爾二戰(zhàn)著名演講

1939年9月德國(guó)閃襲波蘭。1940年4月入侵丹麥、挪威；5月比利時(shí)、荷蘭、盧森堡和法國(guó)處于淪陷邊緣。5月8日，英國(guó)首相張伯倫遭到不信任質(zhì)疑動(dòng)議，被迫辭職。10日下午6時(shí)，英國(guó)國(guó)王召見(jiàn)丘吉爾，令其組建內(nèi)閣。5月13日，丘吉爾第一次以首相身份出席下議院會(huì)議，發(fā)表了著名的講話(huà)：“我沒(méi)有別的，只有熱血、辛勞、眼淚和汗水獻(xiàn)給大家……要不惜一切代價(jià)去爭(zhēng)取勝利，因?yàn)闆](méi)有勝利就無(wú)法生存。”下議院最終以381票對(duì)0票的絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)表明了對(duì)丘吉爾政府的支持。以下是演講全文：

“上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，組織新的一屆政府。按國(guó)會(huì)和國(guó)民的意愿，新政府顯然應(yīng)該考慮建立在盡可能廣泛的基礎(chǔ)上，應(yīng)該兼容所有的黨派。我已經(jīng)完成了這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的最主要的部分。戰(zhàn)時(shí)內(nèi)閣已由五人組成，包括工黨、反對(duì)黨和自由黨，這體現(xiàn)了舉國(guó)團(tuán)結(jié)一致。由于事態(tài)的極端緊急和嚴(yán)峻，新閣政府須于一天之內(nèi)組成，其他的關(guān)鍵崗位也于昨日安排就緒。今晚還要向國(guó)王呈報(bào)一份名單。我希望明天就能完成幾位主要大臣的任命。其余大臣們的任命照例得晚一些。我相信，在國(guó)會(huì)下一次召開(kāi)時(shí)，任命將告完成，臻于完善。現(xiàn)在我請(qǐng)求國(guó)會(huì)作出決議，批準(zhǔn)我所采取的各項(xiàng)步驟，記錄在案，并且聲明信任新政府。決議如下：本國(guó)會(huì)歡迎新政府的組成，她體現(xiàn)了舉國(guó)一致的堅(jiān)定不移的決心：對(duì)德作戰(zhàn)，直到最后勝利。組織如此規(guī)模和如此復(fù)雜的政府原本是一項(xiàng)重大的任務(wù)。但是我們正處于歷史上罕見(jiàn)的一場(chǎng)大戰(zhàn)的初始階段。我們?cè)谄渌S多地點(diǎn)作戰(zhàn)——在挪威，在荷蘭，我們還必須在地中海做好準(zhǔn)備。空戰(zhàn)正在繼續(xù)，而且在本土也必須做好許多準(zhǔn)備工作。值此危急關(guān)頭，我想，即使我今天向國(guó)會(huì)的報(bào)告過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)略，也當(dāng)能見(jiàn)諒。我還希望所有在這次改組中受到影響的朋友、同僚和舊日的同僚們對(duì)必要的禮儀方面的任何不周之處能毫不介意。我向國(guó)會(huì)表明，一如我向入閣的大臣們所表明的：我所能奉獻(xiàn)的唯有熱血、辛勞、眼淚和汗水，我們所面臨的將是一場(chǎng)極其嚴(yán)酷的考驗(yàn)，將是曠日持久的斗爭(zhēng)和苦難。若問(wèn)我們的政策是什么？我的回答是：在陸上、海上、空中作戰(zhàn)。盡我們的全力，盡上帝賦予我們的全部力量去作戰(zhàn)，對(duì)人類(lèi)黑暗、可悲的罪惡史上空前兇殘的暴政作戰(zhàn)。若問(wèn)我們的目標(biāo)是什么？我可以用一個(gè)詞來(lái)回答，那就是勝利。不惜一切代價(jià)，去奪取勝利——不懼一切恐怖，去奪取勝利——不論前路如何漫長(zhǎng)、如何艱苦，去奪取勝利。因?yàn)闆](méi)有勝利就不能生存。我們務(wù)必認(rèn)識(shí)到，沒(méi)有勝利就不復(fù)有大英帝國(guó)，沒(méi)有勝利就不復(fù)有大英帝國(guó)所象征的一切，沒(méi)有勝利就不復(fù)有多少世紀(jì)以來(lái)的強(qiáng)烈要求和沖動(dòng)：人類(lèi)應(yīng)當(dāng)向自己的目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)。我精神振奮、滿(mǎn)懷信心地承擔(dān)起我的任務(wù)。我確信，大家聯(lián)合起來(lái)，我們的事業(yè)就不會(huì)遭到挫敗。在此時(shí)此刻的危急關(guān)頭，我覺(jué)得我有權(quán)要求各方面的支持。我要說(shuō)：來(lái)吧，讓我們?nèi)翰呷毫Γ⒓缜斑M(jìn)！”

第五篇：丘吉爾演講

今晚，我要借此機(jī)會(huì)向大家發(fā)表演說(shuō)，因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)來(lái)到了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻。

今天凌晨4時(shí)，希特勒已進(jìn)攻并入侵俄國(guó)。既沒(méi)有宣戰(zhàn)，也沒(méi)有最后通牒，但德國(guó)炸彈卻突然在俄國(guó)城市上空象雨點(diǎn)般地落下，德國(guó)軍隊(duì)大舉侵犯俄國(guó)邊界。一小時(shí)后，德國(guó)大使拜見(jiàn)俄國(guó)外交部長(zhǎng)，稱(chēng)兩國(guó)已處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)。但正是這位大使，昨夜卻喋喋不休地向俄國(guó)人保證，德國(guó)是朋友，而且?guī)缀跏敲擞选?/p>

希特勒是個(gè)十惡不赦、殺人如麻、欲望難填的魔鬼，而納粹制度除了貪得無(wú)厭和種族統(tǒng)治外，別無(wú)主旨和原則。它橫暴兇悍，野蠻侵略，為人類(lèi)一切形式的卑劣行徑所不及。

它的殘酷行為和兇暴侵略所造成的惡果超過(guò)了各式各樣的人類(lèi)罪行。在過(guò)去二十五年中，沒(méi)有一個(gè)人像我這樣始終一貫地反對(duì)共產(chǎn)主義。我并不想收回我說(shuō)過(guò)的話(huà)。但是，這一切，在正在我們眼前展現(xiàn)的情景對(duì)照之下，都已黯然失色了。過(guò)去的一切，連同它的罪惡，它的愚蠢和悲劇，都一閃而逝了。我看見(jiàn)俄國(guó)士兵站在祖國(guó)的大門(mén)口，守衛(wèi)著他們的祖先自遠(yuǎn)古以來(lái)勞作的土地。我看見(jiàn)他們守衛(wèi)著自己的家園，他們的母親和妻子在祈禱——呵，是的，有時(shí)人人都要祈禱，祝愿親人平安，祝愿他們的贍養(yǎng)者、戰(zhàn)斗者和保護(hù)者回歸。

我看到俄國(guó)上萬(wàn)的村莊，那里穿衣吃飯都依靠土地，生活雖然十分艱辛，那兒依然有著人類(lèi)的基本樂(lè)趣，少女在歡笑，兒童在玩耍。我看見(jiàn)納粹的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)機(jī)器向他們碾壓過(guò)去，窮兇極惡地展開(kāi)了屠殺。我看見(jiàn)全副戎裝，佩劍、馬刀和鞋釘叮當(dāng)作響的普魯士軍官，以及剛剛威嚇、壓制過(guò)十多個(gè)國(guó)家的、好詐無(wú)比的特工高手。我還看見(jiàn)大批愚笨遲鈍，受過(guò)訓(xùn)練，唯命是從，兇殘暴忍的德國(guó)士兵，象一大群爬行的蝗蟲(chóng)正在蹣跚行進(jìn)。我看見(jiàn)德國(guó)轟炸機(jī)和戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)在天空盤(pán)旋，它們依然因英國(guó)人的多次鞭撻而心有余悸，卻在為找到一個(gè)自以為唾手可得的獵物而得意忘形。在這番囂張氣焰的背后，在這場(chǎng)突然襲擊的背后，我看到了那一小撮策劃、組織并向人類(lèi)發(fā)動(dòng)這場(chǎng)恐怖戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的惡棍。

于是，我的思緒回到了若干年前。那時(shí)，俄國(guó)軍隊(duì)是我們抗擊同一不共戴天的敵人的盟軍，他們堅(jiān)韌不拔，英勇善戰(zhàn)，幫助我們贏得了勝利，但后來(lái)，他們卻完全同這一切隔絕開(kāi)了——雖然這并非我們的過(guò)錯(cuò)。

我親身經(jīng)歷了所有這一切，如果我直抒胸臆，感懷舊事，你們是會(huì)原諒我的。但現(xiàn)在我必須宣布國(guó)王陛下政府的決定，我確信偉大的自治領(lǐng)地在適當(dāng)時(shí)候會(huì)一致同意這項(xiàng)決定。然而我們必須現(xiàn)在，必須立即宣布這項(xiàng)決定，一天也不能耽擱。我必須發(fā)表這項(xiàng)聲明，我相信，你們絕不會(huì)懷疑我們將要采取的政策。

我們只有一個(gè)目標(biāo)，一個(gè)唯一的、不可變更的目標(biāo)。我們決心要消滅希特勒，肅清納粹制度的一切痕跡。什么也不能使我們改變這個(gè)決心。什么也不能！我們決不談判；我們決不同希特勒或他的任何黨羽進(jìn)行談判。我們將在陸地上同他作戰(zhàn)；我們將在海洋上同他作戰(zhàn)；我們將在天空中同他作戰(zhàn)，直至借上帝之力，在地球上肅清他的陰影，并把地球上的人民從他的枷鎖下解放出來(lái)。

任何一個(gè)同納粹主義作斗爭(zhēng)的人或國(guó)家，都將得到我們的援助。任何一個(gè)與希特勒同流合污的人或國(guó)家，都是我們的敵人。這一點(diǎn)不僅適用于國(guó)家，而且適用于所有那些卑劣的、吉斯林之流的代表人物，他們充當(dāng)了納粹制度的工具和代理人，反對(duì)自己的同胞，反對(duì)自己的故土。這些吉斯林們，就象納粹頭目自身一樣，如果沒(méi)有被自己的同胞干掉(干掉就會(huì)省下很多麻煩)，就將在勝利的翌日被我們送交同盟國(guó)法庭審判。這就是我們的政策，這就是我們的聲明。

因此，我們將盡力給俄國(guó)和俄國(guó)人民提供一切援助。我們將呼吁世界各地的朋友和盟友采取同樣的方針，并且同我們一樣，忠誠(chéng)不渝地推行到底。

我們已經(jīng)向蘇俄政府提供了力所能及的，可能對(duì)他們有用的技術(shù)援助和經(jīng)濟(jì)援助。我們將日以繼夜地、越來(lái)越大規(guī)模地轟炸德國(guó)，月復(fù)一月地向它大量投擲炸彈，使它每一個(gè)月都嘗到并吞下比它傾灑給人類(lèi)的更加深重的苦難。

值得指出的是，僅僅在昨天，皇家空軍曾深入法國(guó)腹地，以極小損失擊落了28架侵犯、玷污并揚(yáng)言要控制法蘭西領(lǐng)空的德國(guó)戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)。

然而，這僅僅是一個(gè)開(kāi)端。從現(xiàn)在起，我國(guó)空軍的擴(kuò)充將加速進(jìn)行。在今后6個(gè)月，我們從美國(guó)那兒得到的援助，包括各種戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)物資，尤其是重型轟炸機(jī)，將開(kāi)始展示出重要意義。這不是階級(jí)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。這是一場(chǎng)整個(gè)大英帝國(guó)和英聯(lián)邦，不分種族，不分信仰，不分黨派，全都投入進(jìn)去的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

希特勒侵略俄國(guó)僅僅是蓄謀侵略不列顛諸島的前奏。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，他指望在冬季到來(lái)之前結(jié)束這一切，并在美國(guó)海軍和空軍進(jìn)行干涉之前擊潰英國(guó)。他指望更大規(guī)模地重演故伎，各個(gè)擊破。他一直是憑借這種伎倆得逞的。那時(shí)，他就可以為最后行動(dòng)清除障礙了，也就是說(shuō)，他就要迫使西半球屈服于他的意志和他的制度了，而如果做不到這一點(diǎn)，他的一切征服都將落空。

因此，俄國(guó)的危險(xiǎn)就是我國(guó)的危險(xiǎn)，就是美國(guó)的危險(xiǎn)；俄國(guó)人民為保衛(wèi)家園而戰(zhàn)的事業(yè)就是世界各地自由人民和自由民族的事業(yè)。

讓我們從如此殘酷的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中吸取教訓(xùn)吧！在這生命尚存，力量還在之際，讓我們加倍努力，團(tuán)結(jié)一心打擊敵人吧！