第一篇：奧巴馬就職演講和布什離職演講專題

小布什離職演講

THE PRESIDENT: Fellow citizens: For eight years, it has been my honor to serve as your President.The first decade of this new century has been a period of consequence — a time set apart.Tonight, with a thankful heart, I have asked for a final opportunity to share some thoughts on the journey that we have traveled together, and the future of our nation.Five days from now, the world will witness the vitality of American democracy.In a tradition dating back to our founding, the presidency will pass to a successor chosen by you, the American people.Standing on the steps of the Capitol will be a man whose history reflects the enduring promise of our land.This is a moment of hope and pride for our whole nation.And I join all Americans in offering best wishes to President-Elect Obama, his wife Michelle, and their two beautiful girls.Tonight I am filled with gratitude — to Vice President Cheney and members of my administration;to Laura, who brought joy to this house and love to my life;to our wonderful daughters, Barbara and Jenna;to my parents, whose examples have provided strength for a lifetime.And above all, I thank the American people for the trust you have given me.I thank you for the prayers that have lifted my spirits.And I thank you for the countless acts of courage, generosity, and grace that I have witnessed these past eight years.This evening, my thoughts return to the first night I addressed you from this house — September the 11th, 2001.That morning, terrorists took nearly 3,000 lives in the worst attack on America since Pearl Harbor.I remember standing in the rubble of the World Trade Center three days later, surrounded by rescuers who had been working around the clock.I remember talking to brave souls who charged through smoke-filled corridors at the Pentagon, and to husbands and wives whose loved ones became heroes aboard Flight 93.I remember Arlene Howard, who gave me her fallen son’s police shield as a reminder of all that was lost.And I still carry his badge.As the years passed, most Americans were able to return to life much as it had been before 9/11.But I never did.Every morning, I received a briefing on the threats to our nation.I vowed to do everything in my power to keep us safe.Over the past seven years, a new Department of Homeland Security has been created.The military, the intelligence community, and the FBI have been transformed.Our nation is equipped with new tools to monitor the terrorists’ movements, freeze their finances, and break up their plots.And with strong allies at our side, we have taken the fight to the terrorists and those who support them.Afghanistan has gone from a nation where the Taliban harbored al Qaeda and stoned women in the streets to a young democracy that is fighting terror and encouraging girls to go to school.Iraq has gone from a brutal dictatorship and a sworn enemy of America to an Arab democracy at the heart of the Middle East and a friend of the United States.There is legitimate debate about many of these decisions.But there can be little debate about the results.America has gone more than seven years without another terrorist attack on our soil.This is a tribute to those who toil night and day to keep us safe — law enforcement officers, intelligence analysts, homeland security and diplomatic personnel, and the men and women of the United States Armed Forces.Our nation is blessed to have citizens who volunteer to defend us in this time of danger.I have cherished meeting these selfless patriots and their families.And America owes you a debt of gratitude.And to all our men and women in uniform listening tonight: There has been no higher honor than serving as your Commander-in-Chief.The battles waged by our troops are part of a broader struggle between two dramatically different systems.Under one, a small band of fanatics demands total obedience to an oppressive ideology, condemns women to subservience, and marks unbelievers for murder.The other system is based on the conviction that freedom is the universal gift of Almighty God, and that liberty and justice light the path to peace.This is the belief that gave birth to our nation.And in the long run, advancing this belief is the only practical way to protect our citizens.When people live in freedom, they do not willingly choose leaders who pursue campaigns of terror.When people have hope in the future, they will not cede their lives to violence and extremism.So around the world, America is promoting human liberty, human rights, and human dignity.We’re standing with dissidents and young democracies, providing AIDS medicine to dying patients — to bring dying patients back to life, and sparing mothers and babies from malaria.And this great republic born alone in liberty is leading the world toward a new age when freedom belongs to all nations.For eight years, we’ve also strived to expand opportunity and hope here at home.Across our country, students are rising to meet higher standards in public schools.A new Medicare prescription drug benefit is bringing peace of mind to seniors and the disabled.Every taxpayer pays lower income taxes.The addicted and suffering are finding new hope through faith-based programs.Vulnerable human life is better protected.Funding for our veterans has nearly doubled.America’s air and water and lands are measurably cleaner.And the federal bench includes wise new members like Justice Sam Alito and Chief Justice John Roberts.!b6 z# `2 k8 d.b& W(x2 Q When challenges to our prosperity emerged, we rose to meet them.Facing the prospect of a financial collapse, we took decisive measures to safeguard our economy.These are very tough times for hardworking families, but the toll would be far worse if we had not acted.All Americans are in this together.And together, with determination and hard work, we will restore our economy to the path of growth.We will show the world once again the resilience of America’s free enterprise system.Like all who have held this office before me, I have experienced setbacks.There are things I would do differently if given the chance.Yet I’ve always acted with the best interests of our country in mind.I have followed my conscience and done what I thought was right.You may not agree with some of the tough decisions I have made.But I hope you can agree that I was willing to make the tough decisions..M!& D.u(G* a: g The decades ahead will bring more hard choices for our country, and there are some guiding principles that should shape our course.While our nation is safer than it was seven years ago, the gravest threat to our people remains another terrorist attack.Our enemies are patient, and determined to strike again.America did nothing to seek or deserve this conflict.But we have been given solemn responsibilities, and we must meet them.We must resist complacency.We must keep our resolve.And we must never let down our guard.At the same time, we must continue to engage the world with confidence and clear purpose.In the face of threats from abroad, it can be tempting to seek comfort by turning inward.But we must reject isolationism and its companion, protectionism.Retreating behind our borders would only invite danger.In the 21st century, security and prosperity at home depend on the expansion of liberty abroad.If America does not lead the cause of freedom, that cause will not be led.As we address these challenges — and others we cannot foresee tonight — America must maintain our moral clarity.I’ve often spoken to you about good and evil, and this has made some uncomfortable.But good and evil are present in this world, and between the two of them there can be no compromise.Murdering the innocent to advance an ideology is wrong every time, everywhere.Freeing people from oppression and despair is eternally right.This nation must continue to speak out for justice and truth.We must always be willing to act in their defense — and to advance the cause of peace.!s% t“ V;a8 ?+ G President Thomas Jefferson once wrote, “I like the dreams of the future better than the history of the past.” As I leave the house he occupied two centuries ago, I share that optimism.America is a young country, full of vitality, constantly growing and renewing itself.And even in the toughest times, we lift our eyes to the broad horizon ahead.I have confidence in the promise of America because I know the character of our people.This is a nation that inspires immigrants to risk everything for the dream of freedom.This is a nation where citizens show calm in times of danger, and compassion in the face of suffering.We see examples of America’s character all around us.And Laura and I have invited some of them to join us in the White House this evening.We see America’s character in Dr.Tony Recasner, a principal who opened a new charter school from the ruins of Hurricane Katrina.We see it in Julio Medina, a former inmate who leads a faith-based program to help prisoners returning to society.We’ve seen it in Staff Sergeant Aubrey McDade, who charged into an ambush in Iraq and rescued three of his fellow Marines.' t-X4 W0 j9 S We see America’s character in Bill Krissoff — a surgeon from California.His son, Nathan — a Marine — gave his life in Iraq.When I met Dr.Krissoff and his family, he delivered some surprising news: He told me he wanted to join the Navy Medical Corps in honor of his son.This good man was 60 years old — 18 years above the age limit.But his petition for a waiver was granted, and for the past year he has trained in battlefield medicine.Lieutenant Commander Krissoff could not be here tonight, because he will soon deploy to Iraq, where he will help save America’s wounded warriors — and uphold the legacy of his fallen son.In citizens like these, we see the best of our countrycitizen of the United States of America.And so, my fellow Americans, for the final time: Good night.May God bless this house and our next President.And may God bless you and our wonderful country.Thank you.(Applause.)各位公民：八年來，我有幸擔任你們的總統。新世紀的第一個十年是一段意義重大的時期——一個時間分界點。今晚，我懷著一顆感謝的心，請求一個最后的機會，就我們一起走過的旅程以及國家的未來，與諸位分享一些想法。

五天后，世界將目睹美國民主的活力。按照我們立國時的傳統，總統之位將傳給你們——美國人民所選擇的繼任者。站在國會山的臺階上的，將是一個其故事可以說明我們國家持久承諾的人。這是我們全國的希望與驕傲的深刻。我和所有美國人一起，向總統當選人奧巴馬、他的妻子米歇兒以及他們兩個美麗的女兒致以最美好的祝愿。

今晚，我滿懷感激——感激副總統切尼以及行政成員們；感謝勞拉，她給這個家帶來歡樂，給我的生活帶來愛；感謝我們了不起的女兒芭芭拉和詹娜；感謝我的父母親，他們的榜樣為我提供了畢生的力量。最重要的是，我感謝美國人民給我的信任。我感謝你們的祈禱鼓舞了我的靈魂。我感謝你們在過去八年讓我目睹了無數體現勇氣、慷慨與仁慈的行動。

今晚，我的思緒回到我站在這個地方向你們致辭的第一個晚上——2001年9月11日。那天早上，恐怖分子奪走了近3000性命，這是自珍珠港事件以來，美國遭遇的最嚴重的襲擊。我記得于三天后站在世貿中心的廢墟中的情形，周圍是全天候工作的救援人員。

我記得我跟那些在五角大樓煙霧彌漫的走廊里工作的勇敢靈魂談話，跟那些登上93號航班最終成為英雄的人們的妻子們談話。我記得阿琳·霍華德（Arlene Howard），她把已經隕落的兒子的police勛章給了我，提醒我我們失去了什么。我仍然戴著他的徽章。

隨著時間的流逝，大多數美國人可以回歸911之前的生活，但我就不能。每天早上，我都收到一份關于我國面臨威脅的簡報。我發誓要盡我所能保證我們的安全。塞上風論壇5 F5 e-l8 u-e

在過去七年，一個新的國土安全部成立了。軍隊、情報界以及FBI已經警告改造。我們的國家裝備了新的工具去監控恐怖分子的活動，凍結他們的金融，打破他們的陰謀。而且在強大盟友的支持下，我們向恐怖分子以及那些支持他們的人們發起了戰斗。塞上風論壇;P” [;K“ p1 l% L0 x

阿富汗已經從塔利班窩藏基地組織、在大街上對婦女行石刑的國家變成一個年輕的民主體，與恐怖主義斗爭，鼓勵女孩子去上學。伊拉克已經從一個殘暴的獨裁國家和美國的死敵變成一個位于中東之心的阿拉伯民主體，變成美國的朋友。

很多這些決定引起合法性的爭論，但其結果卻是無須爭論的。七年多里，美國領土沒有再遭遇又一次恐怖襲擊。這要歸功于那些日夜辛勤工作保衛我們的安全的人們——執法人員，情報分析家，國土安全和外交人員，以及美國武裝部隊的男女成員。

在危險時刻，公民自愿捍衛國家，這是我們國家之福。我珍惜與這些無私的愛國者以及他們的家人的會晤。美國欠你們一份感激。致今晚所有在聆聽的全體男女軍人：作為你們的三軍總司令是至高無上的榮耀。

我們的部隊發起的戰斗屬于更為廣泛的、兩種根本不同的制度之間的斗爭的一部分。在其中一種制度下，一小撮狂熱分子要求全體服從一種壓制性的意識形態，迫使婦女卑屈，殺害不信仰者。而另一種制度則是基于這樣的信念：自由是萬能的上帝賦予所有人的禮物，自由與正義照亮和平之路。: [4

這是我們的立國信仰。從長期來看，推廣這種信仰是保護我們公民的唯一可行辦法。當人們生活在自由之中，他們就不會愿意選擇追求恐怖主義運動的領袖。當人們對未來充滿希望，他們就不會愿意把生命交給暴力與極端主義。

因此，美國在全世界推廣人的自由、人的權利以及人的尊嚴。我們支持異見人士及年輕的民主體，提供愛滋病藥物讓瀕臨死亡的病人恢復生機，不讓瘧疾傷害母親與嬰兒。這個僅為自由而生的偉大共和國帶領世界走向自由屬于所有國家的新時期

八年來，我們還努力擴大國內的機會與希望。在全國，學生們正起來滿足公立學校提高了的標準。一種新的醫療處方藥福利正為長者及殘疾人帶來內心的平靜。每一個納稅人要支付的收入稅減少了。

透過以信仰為基礎的項目，上癮者與受苦者找到了新希望。脆弱的生命得到更好的保護。用于退伍軍人的資金幾乎翻了一番。美國的空氣、水和陸地更加清潔。而且聯邦法官席上有了像法官阿利托（Sam Alito）和首席法官羅伯茨（John Roberts）這樣睿智的新成員。

當我們的繁榮面臨挑戰，我們起來面對。面對金融崩潰的前景，我們采取了果斷措施保護我們的經濟。努力工作的家庭面臨非常困難的時刻，但如果我們不采取行動，損失會嚴重得多。所有美國人團結在一起，憑著決心以及努力的工作，我們將讓經濟重上增長之路。我們將再一次向世界展示美國自由企業體系的彈性。和此前負責這個辦公室所有人一樣，我曾經歷挫折。如果還有機會，在一些事情上我會改變做法。然而，我在做事的時候總是心懷我們國家的最佳利益。我按照我的良心，并做了我認為正確的事情。你可能不會同意我所作出的一些艱難決定。但我希望你們明白我愿意作出這些艱難的決定。

未來十年，我們的國家將面臨更多艱難的選擇，一些指引性的原則可以指明我們的方向。

盡管我們的國家比七年前安全，我們的民眾所面臨的最嚴重威脅仍然是再度發生的恐怖襲擊。我們的敵人很有耐心，決心再次襲擊。美國沒有尋求挑起沖突，也不應該遭受這些沖突。但我們已經肩負莊嚴的責任，我們必須面對。我們必須抵制自滿。我們必須保持決心。我們絕不能放松警惕。

與此同時，我們必須繼續懷著信心與明確的目標與世界接觸。面對海外的威脅，轉向內部尋求安慰是很有誘惑力的。但是我們必須拒絕孤立主義及作為其同伴的保護主義。在21世紀，國內的安全與繁榮有賴于自由在海外的擴大。如果美國不帶領自由事業，這項事業就得不到指引。

在我們解決這些挑戰——以及其他一些我們無法在今晚預測的挑戰時，美國必須維持我們的道德明確性。我經常跟你們說善與惡。這令一些人感到不舒服。但善惡存在于世上，兩者之間不會有任何妥協。無論在何時何地，把殺害無辜者作為推廣意識形態的手段都是錯誤的做法。

讓人們擺脫壓迫和絕望是永遠正確的。國家必須繼續為正義和真理發言。我們必須始終愿意行動起來捍衛它們，推進和平的事業。塞上風論壇” h5 M

1杰斐遜總統曾寫道，“我喜歡未來的夢想更甚于過去的歷史?！痹谖译x開這個他于兩個世紀前所在的地方時，我贊成他的這種樂觀精神。美國是一個年輕的國家，充滿活力、不斷成長和自我更新。甚至在最艱難的時刻，我們都會放眼前面廣闊的地平線。

我對美國的諾言有信心，因為我知道我們人民的特質。這是一個鼓勵移民為自由的夢想而冒險的國家。這是一個公民可以在危險的時刻表現平靜，在苦難面前展示憐憫的國家。我們看到，我們周圍就有美國特質的榜樣。勞拉和我已經邀請當中一些人今晚到白宮。

我們看到里卡斯鈉博士（Dr.Tony Recasner）的美國特質，這位校長在卡特里娜颶風的廢墟中開辦一所新的特許學校。我們看到麥地那（Julio Medina）身上的美國特質，這位前囚犯帶領一個以信仰為基礎的項目，幫助囚犯重回社會。我們在上士麥達德（Staff Sergeant Aubrey McDade）身上的美國特質，他負責伊拉克的一次埋伏并拯救了三名同伴的海軍陸戰隊隊員。塞上風論壇7 A$ l1 ]: u9 @" y$ X

我們在克里斯托夫（Bill Krissoff）這位來自加州的外科醫生身上看到美國特質。他的兒子內森（Nathan）是一位海軍陸戰隊隊員，在伊拉克獻出了生命。當我和克里斯托夫及其家人會面時，他帶來了一些令人吃驚的新聞：他告訴我，他像加入海軍醫療隊以紀念他的兒子。這位好人60歲了---比年齡上限大了18歲。但他的豁免申請得到了批準，而且在過去的一年里，他已經接受戰地醫學訓練?？死锼狗蛏傩＝裢聿荒艹鱿?，因為他很快就要部署到伊拉克，在那里，他將幫忙拯救美國受傷的勇士，維護他已逝兒子的遺產。

從這些公民身上，我們看到了我們國家最美好的一面——彈性與希望，關懷與強大。這些優點讓我對美國懷著不可動搖的信念。我們曾面臨危險與考驗，前面還會有更多危險與考驗。但憑著人民的勇氣，以及我們對理想的信心，這個偉大的國家永不疲憊??永不動搖??永不失敗。塞上風論壇0 o' K$ P;A8

擔任你們的總統是我一生的榮幸。我們有過好日子也有過艱難日子。但每一天，我都因我們國家的偉大而受到鼓舞，都因我們民眾的善良感到振奮。能夠代表我們所愛的這個國家，這是我的福份。我將永遠為一個比其他任何頭銜更有意義的身份而感到榮幸：美利堅合眾國公民。

(I7 V.^% Y!|)D6 |* ~.o

最后，我的美國同胞們：晚安。愿上帝保佑白宮和我們的下一任總統。愿上帝保佑你們和我們了不起的國家。謝謝你們。（星島環球網翻譯）

奧巴馬就職演講

My fellow citizens: 各位同胞：

I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.今天我站在這里，為眼前的重責大任感到謙卑，對各位的信任心懷感激，對先賢的犧牲銘記在心。我要謝謝布什總統為這個國家的服務，也感 謝他在政權轉移期間的寬厚和配合。

Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath.The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace.Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms.At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents.四十四位美國人發表過總統就職誓言，這些誓詞或是在繁榮富強及和平寧靜之際發表，或是在烏云密布，時局動蕩之時。在艱困的時候，美國 能箕裘相繼，不僅因為居高位者有能力或愿景，也因為人民持續對先人的抱負有信心，也忠于創建我國的法統。

So it has been.So it must be with this generation of Americans.因此，美國才能承繼下來。因此，這一代美國人必須承繼下去。

That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood.Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred.Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age.Homes have been lost;jobs shed;businesses shuttered.Our health care is too costly;our schools fail too many;and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.現在大家都知道我們正置身危機核心，我國正處于對抗深遠暴力和憎恨的戰爭。我們的經濟元氣大傷，是某些人貪婪且不負責任的后果，也是 大眾未能做出艱難的選擇，為國家進入新時代做淮備所致。許多人失去房子，丟了工作，生意垮了。我們的醫療照護太昂貴，學校教育辜負了 許多人。每天都有更多證據顯示，我們利用能源的方式壯大我們的對敵，威脅我們的星球。

These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics.Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our landthey will be met.今天我要告訴各位，我們面臨的挑戰是真的，挑戰非常嚴重，且不在少數。它們不是可以輕易，或在短時間內解決。但是，美國要了解，這些 挑戰會被解決。

On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.在這一天，我們聚在一起，因為我們選擇希望而非恐懼，有意義的團結而非紛爭和不合。

On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.在這一天，我們來此宣示，那些無用的抱怨和虛偽的承諾已終結，那些扭曲我們政治已久的相互指控和陳舊教條已終結。

We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things.The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit;to choose our better history;to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.我們仍是個年輕的國家，但借用圣經的話，擺脫幼稚事物的時刻到來了，重申我們堅忍精神的時刻到來了，選擇我們更好的歷史，實踐那種代 代傳承的珍貴權利，那種高貴的理念：就是上帝的應許，我們每個人都是平等的，每個人都是自由的，每個人都應該有機會追求全然的幸福。

In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given.It must be earned.Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less.It has not been the path for the faint-heartedsome celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.再次肯定我們國家的偉大，我們了解偉大絕非賜予而來，必須努力達成。我們的旅程從來就不是抄捷徑或很容易就滿足。這條路一直都不是給 不勇敢的人走的，那些偏好逸樂勝過工作，或者只想追求名利就滿足的人。恰恰相反，走這條路的始終是勇于冒險的人，做事的人，成事的人，其中有些人很出名，但更常見的是在各自崗位上的男男女女無名英雄，在這條漫長崎區的道路上支撐我們，邁向繁榮與自由。

For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.為了我們，他們攜帶很少的家當，遠渡重洋，追尋新生活。

For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West;endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.為了我們，他們胼手胝足，在西部安頓下來；忍受風吹雨打，篳路藍縷。

For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg;Normandy and Khe Sanh.為了我們，他們奮斗不懈，在康科特和蓋茨堡，諾曼地和溪山等地葬身。

Time and again these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life.They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions;greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.前人不斷的奮斗與犧牲，直到雙手皮開肉綻，我們才能享有比較好的生活。他們將美國視為大于所有個人企圖心總和的整體，超越出身、財富 或小圈圈的差異。

This is the journey we continue today.We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth.Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began.Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year.Our capacity remains undiminished.But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisionsnot only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth.We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together.We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology’s wonders to raise health care’s quality and lower its cost.We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories.And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age.All this we can do.And all this we will do.我們無論朝何處望去，都有工作必須完成。經濟情勢需要大膽、迅速的行動，我們將有所行動，不光是創造新工作，更要奠定成長的新基礎。我們將造橋鋪路，為企業興建電力網格與數位線路，將我們聯系在一起。我們將讓科學回歸合適的用途，運用科技的奇跡來提高醫療品質并降 低費用。我們將利用太陽能、風力和土壤作為汽車的燃料和工廠的能源。我們將讓中小學及大專院校轉型，因應新時代的需要。這些我們可以 作到。我們也將會作到。

第二篇：奧巴馬演講和胡主席演講的文采對比

對比下奧巴馬悼念礦工的演講和胡主席紀念汶川地震的演講

胡主席的?

同志們，朋友們：

今天，我們在這里莊嚴集會，紀念四川汶川特大地震一周年，向在地震災害中不幸罹難的同胞們、向為奪取抗震救災斗爭重大勝利而英勇獻身的烈士們表達我們的深切思念。

2008年5月12日14時28分，我國發生了震驚世界的四川汶川特大地震，受災地區人民生命財產和經濟社會發展蒙受巨大損失。面對空前慘烈的災難，在黨中央、國務院和中央軍委堅強領導下，全黨全軍全國各族人民眾志成城、迎難而上，以驚人的意志、勇氣、力量，組織開展了我國歷史上救援速度最快、動員范圍最廣、投入力量最大的抗震救災斗爭，最大限度地挽救了受災群眾生命，最大限度地減低了災害造成的損失，奪取了抗震救災斗爭重大勝利，表現出泰山壓頂不彎腰的大無畏氣概，譜寫了感天動地的英雄凱歌。

我們按照以人為本、尊重自然、統籌兼顧、科學重建的原則，科學制定災后恢復重建規劃，迅速出臺一系列支援災區的政策措施，積極開展對口支援，迅速組織開展災 后恢復重建工作。在中央大力支持、災區廣大干部群眾艱苦奮斗、全國人民大力支援下，城鄉居民住房重建、學校醫院等公共服務設施重建、基礎設施恢復重建、產業重建和結構調整、歷史文化保護、生態修復等方面均取得顯著成績，災后恢復重建取得重要階段性成果，災區人民正大踏步走向新生活。這一切，為奪取抗震救災 斗爭全面勝利奠定了堅實基礎。

在抗震救災和災后恢復重建中，舉國上下同心協力，海內外同胞和衷共濟，充分展現了中華民族團結奮斗的民族品格和風雨同舟的強大力量?？拐鹁葹暮蜑暮蠡謴椭亟ㄈ〉玫某煽?，必將鼓舞全國各族人民滿懷信心地把改革開放和社會主義現代化事業繼續推向前進。

在這里，我代表黨中央、國務院和中央軍委，向在抗震救災和災后恢復重建第一線英勇奮戰的廣大干部群眾，人民解放軍指戰員、武警部隊官兵、民兵預備役人員和公 安民警，向大力支持抗震救災和災后恢復重建的全國各條戰線的廣大干部群眾，各民主黨派、工商聯和無黨派人士、各人民團體以及社會各界，向踴躍為災區提供援 助的香港同胞、澳門同胞、臺灣同胞以及海外華僑華人，致以崇高的敬意！

我們的抗震救災和災后恢復重建得到了眾多國家的領導人、政府、政黨、社會團體和駐華使館，聯合國有關組織和一些國際機構、外資企業以及國際友好人士的真誠同情和寶貴支持。在這里，我代表中國政府和中國人民，再一次向他們表示衷心的感謝！

同志們、朋友們！

當前，我國正處在應對國際金融危機沖擊、保持經濟平穩較快發展的關鍵時刻。在前進道路上，我們要以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導，深入貫徹落實科 學發展觀，大力弘揚偉大抗震救災精神，全面推進社會主義經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設以及生態文明建設和黨的建設，奮力奪取抗震救災斗爭全面勝 利，為實現黨的十七大描繪的宏偉藍圖而團結奮斗。

我們要繼續扎扎實實推動經濟社會又好又快發展。改革開放以來我國不斷增強的綜合國力，是我們戰勝四川汶川特大地震災害的堅實物質基礎，也是我們應對各種困難 和挑戰的堅實物質基礎。我們要牢牢堅持發展是硬道理的戰略思想，把保持經濟平穩較快發展作為經濟工作的首要任務，認真落實進一步擴大內需、促進經濟平穩較 快發展的一攬子計劃，全力做好保增長、保民生、保穩定各項工作，努力奪取經濟社會發展新勝利。

我們要繼續扎扎實實推進災后恢復重建工作。做好災后恢復重建工作，關系災區群眾根本利益，關系災區長遠發展。當前，災后恢復重建任務仍十分繁重。我們要全面 落實中央關于災后恢復重建的方針政策和工作部署，加大力度，加快速度，攻堅克難，力爭用兩年時間基本完成原定3年的目標任務。要堅持以人為本，以解決民生 問題為重點，優先恢復群眾基 1

本生活條件和公共服務設施，確保受災群眾早日住上永久性住房，全面恢復和提高教育、醫療衛生、文化體育等公共服務水平，大力提 高基礎設施保障能力，積極促進特色優勢產業發展，努力建設人民安居樂業、城鄉共同繁榮、人與自然和諧相處的幸福美好新家園。要繼續全力做好對口支援工作，同時要堅持自力更生、艱苦創業，引領災區廣大干部群眾依靠自己的雙手創造美好生活。要加強對抗震救災和災后恢復重建資金物資的監管，確保工程建設質量。

我們要繼續扎扎實實加強防災減災工作。提高防災減災能力，是保護人民生命財產安全的必然要求，也是人類社會共同面臨的重大課題。要堅持興利除害結合、防災減 災并重、治標治本兼顧、政府社會協同，全面提高對自然災害的綜合防范和抵御能力。要加強防災減災領域及國際人道主義援助等方面的國際交流合作，為人類防范 和抵御自然災害作出積極貢獻。同志們、朋友們！

抗震救災和災后恢復重建的偉大實踐再一次告訴我們，團結就是力量，拼搏才能勝利。全黨全軍全國各族人民要更加緊密地團結起來，勇敢戰勝前進道路上的一切困難和風險，全面做好各項工作，以優異成績迎接新中國成立60周年。

奧巴馬的“我們在這里，懷念29位美國人： 卡爾.阿克德、杰森.阿金斯、克里斯多佛.貝爾、格利高里.史蒂夫.布洛克、肯尼斯.艾倫.查普曼、羅伯特.克拉克、查爾斯.蒂莫西.戴維斯、克里.戴維 斯、邁克爾.李.埃爾斯維克、威廉.I.格里菲斯、史蒂芬.哈拉、愛德華.迪恩.瓊斯、理查德.K.雷恩、威廉姆.羅斯威爾特.林奇、尼古拉斯.達利爾.麥考斯基、喬.馬克姆、羅納德.李.梅爾、詹姆斯.E.姆尼、亞當.基斯.摩根、雷克斯.L.姆林斯、喬什.S.納皮爾、霍華德.D.佩恩、迪拉德.厄 爾.波辛格、喬爾.R.普萊斯、迪華德.斯科特、加里.考拉斯、格羅佛.戴爾.斯金斯、本尼.威靈漢姆以及里奇.沃克曼?！?無論我、副總統、州長，或是今天致悼詞的任何一個人，都不能說出任何話語，可以填補你們因痛失親人心中的創傷。如果有任何可以找得到的安慰，也許只能從上 帝那里尋找得到，上帝安慰我們痛苦的頭腦，修復破碎的心靈，減輕我們哀痛的內心。

盡 管我們在哀悼這29條逝去的生命，我們同樣也要紀念這29條曾活在世間的生命。凌晨4點半起床，最遲5點，他們就開始一天的生活，他們在黑暗中工作。穿著 工作服和硬頭靴，頭戴安全帽，靜坐著開始一小時的征程，去到五英里遠的礦井，唯一的燈光是從他們頭戴的安全帽上發出的，或是進入時礦山沿途的光線。

日復一日，他們挖掘煤炭，這也是他們勞動的果實，我們常常以為理所當然：這照亮一個會議中心的電能；那點亮我們教堂或家園、學校、辦公室的燈光；讓我們國家運轉的能源；讓世界維持的能源。

大多時候，他們從黑暗的礦里探出頭，瞇眼盯著光亮。大多時候，他們從礦里探出身，滿是汗水和塵垢和煤灰。大多時候，他們會回家，但那天沒有。

這 些人，這些丈夫、父親、祖父、弟兄、兒子、叔父、侄子，他們從事這份工作時，并沒有忽視其中的風險。他們中的一些已經負傷，一些人眼見朋友受傷。所以，他 們知道有風險。他們的家人也知道。他們知道，在自己去礦上之前，孩子會在夜晚祈禱。他們知道妻子在焦急等待自己的電話，通報輪班結束，一切安好。他們知 道，每有緊急新聞播出，或是廣播被突然切斷，他們的父母會感到莫大的恐懼。

但他們還是離開家園，來到礦里。一些人畢生期盼成為礦工；他們期待步入父輩走過的道路。然而，他們并不是為自己做出的選擇。

這艱險的工作，其中巨大的艱辛，在地下度過的時光，都為了家人。都是為了你們；也為了在路上行進中的汽車，為了頭頂上天花板的燈光；為了能給孩子的未來一個機會，日后享受與伴侶的退休生活。這都是期冀能有更好的生活。所以，這些礦工的生活就是追尋美國夢，他們也因此喪命。

在礦里，為了他們的家人，他們自己組成了家庭：慶祝彼此的生日，一同休憩，一同看橄欖球或籃球，一同消磨時間，打獵或是釣魚。他們可能不總是喜歡這些事情，但他們喜歡一起去完成。他們喜歡像一個家庭那樣去做這些事。他們喜歡像一個社區一樣去做這些事。這也是美國人熟知的一首歌里表達的精神。我想，讓大多數人驚訝的是這首歌實際是一名礦工的兒子所寫，關于貝克利這個小鎮的，關于西弗吉尼亞人民的。這首歌曲，“靠著我”（Lean on Me）是關于友誼的贊歌，但也是關于社區關于一同相聚的贊歌。

災難發生的幾分鐘，幾小時，幾日之后，這個社區終被外界關注。搜救者，冒著風險在充滿沼氣和一氧化碳的狹窄地道里搜尋，抱著一線希望去發現一位幸存者。朋友們打開門廊的燈守夜；懸掛自制的標語上寫著，“為我們的礦工和他們的家人祈禱。”鄰居們彼此安慰，相扶相依。

我看到了，這就是社區的力量。

在 災難隨后的幾天，電子郵件和信件涌入白宮。郵戳來自全國各地，人們通常都是同一開頭：“我很驕傲來自一個礦工的家庭?！薄拔沂且幻V工的兒子?！薄拔液茏?豪能成為一名礦工的女人?！薄麄兌几械阶院溃麄冏屛谊P護我們的礦工，為他們祈禱。他們說，不要忘了，礦工維持著美國的光亮。在這些信件里，他們提出 一個很小的要求：不要讓這樣的事再發生。不要讓這事情再發生。

我們怎忍讓他們失望？一個依賴礦工的國家怎能不盡全力履行職責保護他們？我們的國家怎能容忍人們僅因工作就付出生命；難道僅僅是因為他們追求美國夢嗎？

我 們不能讓29條逝去的生命回來。他們此刻與主同在。我們在這里的任務，就是防止有生命再在這樣的悲劇中逝去。去做我們必須做的，無論個人或是集體，去確保 礦下的安全，向他們對待彼此那樣對待我們的礦工，如同一家人。因為我們是一家人，我們都是美國人。我們必須要彼此依靠，守望彼此，愛護彼此，為彼此祈福祈 禱。

今天，我想起一首圣歌，在我們心痛時會想起這首歌。“我雖行過死蔭的幽谷，但心無所懼，因你與我同在。你的杖，你的竿，都在安慰我。”

上帝保佑我們的礦工！上帝保佑他們的家人！上帝保佑西弗吉尼亞！上帝保佑美國！奧巴馬原文：

Today the President and the Vice President were in West Virginia attending a memorial service for the miners lost in the tragedy at Upper Big Branch mine.President Obama delivered a eulogy honoring the lives of those who perished and offering his deepest condolences to the loved ones they left behind.President Barack Obama walks with Linda Davis, the grandmother of deceased miner Cory Davis, during a memorial for the victims of the Upper Big Branch Mine explosion in Beckley, W.Va., April 25, 2010.(Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)

The Vice President offered his sympathies first:

To every member of every family that has been touched by this tragedy, I can say that I know what it’s like to lose a spouse and a child.And I also know when the tributes are done and the flags are once again flying at full-staff, once the miners you see today go back to work, that's when it will be the hardest for you all.When life has moved on around us, but is yet to stir within

you, that's when you're most going to need one another.He concluded his remarks saying, “I can tell you from my own personal experience that eventually the painful heartache you feel will be replaced by the joyful memory of the ones you love so dearly.My prayer for you is that that day will come sooner than later.”

President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden attend the memorial service in Beckley W.Va., for the 29 victims of the Upper Big Branch Mine explosion, April 25, 2010.(Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)

The President's remarks in full:

We’re here to memorialize 29 Americans:Carl Acord.Jason Atkins.Christopher Bell.Gregory Steven Brock.Kenneth Allan Chapman.Robert Clark.Charles Timothy Davis.Cory Davis.Michael Lee Elswick.William I.Griffith.Steven Harrah.Edward Dean Jones.Richard K.Lane.William Roosevelt Lynch.Nicholas Darrell McCroskey.Joe Marcum.Ronald Lee Maynor.James E.Mooney.Adam Keith Morgan.Rex L.Mullins.Joshua S.Napper.Howard D.Payne.Dillard Earl Persinger.Joel R.Price.Deward Scott.Gary Quarles.Grover Dale Skeens.Benny Willingham.And Ricky Workman.Nothing I, or the Vice President, or the Governor, none of the speakers here today, nothing we say can fill the hole they leave in your hearts, or the absence that they leave in your lives.If any comfort can be found, it can, perhaps, be found by seeking the face of God--(applause)--who quiets our troubled minds, a God who mends our broken hearts, a God who eases our mourning souls.Even as we mourn 29 lives lost, we also remember 29 lives lived.Up at 4:30 a.m., 5:00 in the morning at the latest, they began their day, as they worked, in darkness.In coveralls and hard-toe boots, a hardhat over their heads, they would sit quietly for their hour-long journey, five miles into a mountain, the only light the lamp on their caps, or the glow from the mantrip they rode in.Day after day, they would burrow into the coal, the fruits of their labor, what so often we take for granted:the electricity that lights up a convention center;that lights up our church or our home, our school, our office;the energy that powers our country;the energy that powers the world.(Applause.)

And most days they’d emerge from the dark mine, squinting at the light.Most days, they’d emerge, sweaty and dirty and dusted from coal.Most days, they’d come home.But not that day.These men-– these husbands, fathers, grandfathers, brothers，sons, uncles, nephews-– they did not take on their job unaware of the perils.Some of them had already been injured;some of them had seen a friend get hurt.So they understood there were risks.And their families did, too.They knew their kids would say a prayer at night before they left.They knew their wives would wait for a call when their shift ended saying everything was okay.They knew their parents felt a pang of fear every time a breaking news alert came on, or the radio cut in.But they left for the mines anyway-– some, having waited all their lives to be miners;having longed to follow in the footsteps of their fathers and their grandfathers.And yet, none of them did it for themselves alone.All that hard work, all that hardship, all the time spent underground, it was all for the

families.It was all for you.For a car in the driveway, a roof overhead.For a chance to give their kids opportunities that they would never know, and enjoy retirement with their spouses.It was all in the hopes of something better.And so these miners lived-– as they died-– in pursuit of the American Dream.There, in the mines, for their families, they became a family themselves-– sharing birthdays, relaxing together, watching Mountaineers football or basketball together, spending days off together, hunting or fishing.They may not have always loved what they did, said a sister, but they loved doing it together.They loved doing it as a family.They loved doing it as a community.That’s a spirit that’s reflected in a song that almost every American knows.But it’s a song most people, I think, would be surprised was actually written by a coal miner’s son about this town, Beckley, about the people of West Virginia.It’s the song, Lean on Me-– an anthem of friendship, but also an anthem of community, of coming together.That community was revealed for all to see in the minutes, and hours, and days after the tragedy.Rescuers, risking their own safety, scouring narrow tunnels saturated with methane and carbon monoxide, hoping against hope they might find a survivor.Friends keeping porch lights on in a nightly vigil;hanging up homemade signs that read, “Pray for our miners, and their families.”Neighbors consoling each other, and supporting each other and leaning on one another.I’ve seen it, the strength of that community.In the days that followed the disaster, emails and letters poured into the White House.Postmarked from different places across the country, they often began the same way:“I am proud to be from a family of miners.”“I am the son of a coal miner.”“I am proud to be a coal miner’s daughter.”(Applause.)They were always proud, and they asked me to keep our miners in my thoughts, in my prayers.Never forget, they say, miners keep America’s lights on.(Applause.)And then in these letters, they make a simple plea:Don’t let this happen again.(Applause.)Don't let this happen again.How can we fail them?How can a nation that relies on its miners not do everything in its power to protect them?How can we let anyone in this country put their lives at risk by simply showing up to work;by simply pursuing the American Dream?

We cannot bring back the 29 men we lost.They are with the Lord now.Our task, here on Earth, is to save lives from being lost in another such tragedy;to do what must do, individually and collectively, to assure safe conditions underground--(applause)--to treat our miners like they treat each other--like a family.(Applause.)Because we are all family and we are all Americans.(Applause.)And we have to lean on one another, and look out for one another, and love one another, and pray for one another.There’s a psalm that comes to mind today-– a psalm that comes to mind, a psalm we often turn to in times of heartache.“Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for You are with me;your rod and your staff, they comfort me.”

God bless our miners.(Applause.)God bless their families.God bless West Virginia.(Applause.)And God bless the United States of America.(Applause.)

President Barack Obama comforts family members of the 29 victims of the Upper Big Branch Mine explosion during a memorial service in Beckley, W.Va., April 25, 2010.(Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)

第三篇：奧巴馬就職演講

奧巴馬演講分析

——排比在英語演講中的修辭作用

美國大選前許多人都評價：奧巴馬的政見并不新穎甚至有點平庸；擁有的個人財富只有對手的幾十分之一；相貌遠遜于前輩肯尼迪和克林頓，而且還是非美國本土的外來黑哥......奧巴馬唯一讓人嫉妒的是他擁有最能鼓動人心的好口才，這是上帝給他最好的禮物和恩賜！不可否認，他超凡脫俗的演講，為他競選贏得勝利起到了至關重要的作用。奧巴馬的演講，無論是文稿的整體布局，還是演講言辭的融情達意，或是激情澎湃的演講表達，都可謂精深獨到，不得不令人拍手稱快。．據CNN報道。，有語言學家稱，“總統當選人巴拉克·奧巴馬當晚發表的獲勝演說可與很多史上著名演講相比．”奧巴馬稱得上是一位杰出的演說家，在多次演講中，他都嫻熟地運用了各種修辭技巧，可以說，“奧巴馬的勝利是修辭學的勝利”(梁文道，2008)．其中，排比在奧巴馬演講中效果最為突出。鑒于排比在英語演講中的重要性，我們試圖以美國新當選總統奧巴馬的獲勝演講為例，來探討排比在這篇演講中的修辭效果．本研究目的在于給英語演講和修辭教學一些啟示．同時也讓學者通過領悟奧巴馬的演講技藝，學習、借鑒，來提高自身的演講水平。

一，排比概念及其作用

“排比”在英語中的對應詞為parallelism，是指為了達到修辭效果而循環出現的、句法相似的結構—“recurrent syntactical similarities introduced for rhetorical effect“(Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary,1977；831)．英語排比具有結構整齊，節奏鮮明，語言簡練等特點．在英語演講中運用排比旬，可以增加演講詞的節奏感和音韻美，突出演講者雄辯口才和強烈感情，增強演講語言的氣勢，提高演講的說服力和欣賞性．

二，奧巴馬獲勝演講個案排比分析

奧巴馬于2008年11月4日當選為美國總統。并于當晚發表了獲勝演講．這次演講富有很強的號召力和感染力，喚起了民眾戰勝金融危機的信心和勇氣。現場的無數觀眾被感動得熱淚盈眶．奧巴馬在他的獲勝演講中熟練地運用了一系列的修辭方法，如捧比，對比，反復，對仗，引用等，其中排比的使用次數最多．下面我們就以排比結構在奧巴馬獲勝演講(Barak Obama’s Victory Speech)中的置,選取了四個代表性的例子，來討論其修辭效果。

（一）從句開頭的排比

If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible，who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time，who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer.這三個排比組合句是奧巴馬獲勝演講的開場白。奧巴，美國民主制度的力量”的質疑．通過這三個排比旬，奧巴馬言簡意賅地表達了他獲勝的意義：顯示出“美國夢”的獨特性和普遍價值，顯示出他的能馬用自己勝選的事實回答了某些人對“美國是否凡事都有可能，美國奠基者的夢想是否依然鮮活力，肯定了美國是一切皆有可能的地方，肯定他的獲勝是對美國政治文化傳統的繼承而不是背離．開場耐人尋味的排比，便已打開了選民們的心聲以及繼續聽下去的欲望。

（二）排比結構用在段首 It’s the answer told by lines that stretched around schools and churches in numbers this nation has never seen；By people who waited three hours and four hour...It’s the answer spoken by young and old, rich and poor, Democrat and Republican，black，white, Hispanic，Asian，Native American, gay, straight, disabled and not disabled...It’s the answer that led those who have been told...to put their hands Off the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day．

首先，在前兩個位于段首的排比句群中，奧巴馬強調他是“設在學校和教堂的投票站前排起的前所未見的長隊”，是“等了三四個小時的選民”，是“所有美國人民”共同選舉出來的總統。他重申了自己當選總統是合法的，是由美國人民通過民主方式選舉出來的．第三個排比句群在意義上是對前兩個排比句群的總結和升華。奧巴馬呼吁美國人民要對美國的未來有信心，同時暗示作為新一任的總統，他會繼承美國的歷史傳統，讓“美國夢”延續。這三個排比句群的使用，增強了演講的氣勢，有力地回擊了那些對奧巴馬獲勝原因存在質疑的人，同時向聽眾做出了有力的保證，調動了聽眾的積極性，激發了聽眾的自信心．

（三）介詞短語的排比

To those who would tear this world down, we will defeat you.To those who seek peace and security, we support you．And to all those who have wondered if America’s beacon still burns as bright, tonight we proved once more that the strength of our nation comes...from the enduring power of our ideals :democracy, liberty, opportunity, and unyielding hope．

介詞短語To those的反復出現，明確了要擊敗和支持的對象，語氣強烈，一針見血．這既是對恐怖分子敲警鐘，又給予了愛好和平的人們奮斗的力量。同時，向那些懷疑美國能否繼續照亮世界發展前景的人們證明。美國真正的力量來自于這個國家的理想：民主、自由、機會和不屈的希望。排比結構的出現突出了強調的內容，語言氣勢逼人，具有強大的震撼力。

（四）句型結構的排比

For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the west;endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg, Normand and Khe sahn.奧巴馬在該語段中撫今追昔，以排比的結構，按時間的順序回顧了影響美國歷史進程的重大事件：建國之前的跨洋移民，建國之后的西進運動，獨立戰爭，南北戰爭，第二次世界大戰等等，以此鼓勵美國公民勇敢地面對金融危機給當今美國經濟帶來的種種困難的挑戰。該段重復了主謂句式結構，“for us” 和主語“they”，這種排比句式不僅使得上下文的意義緊密連接，銜接自然，同時也會是語篇的整體意義在聽眾的頭腦中留下深刻的印象，使聽眾與奧巴馬產生共鳴。

（五）段尾的排比

And tonight,...she’s seen...the heartache and the hope；the struggle and the progress...Yes we can．

At a time...she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for the ballot.Yes we can．

When there was...she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal，new jobs and a new sense of common purpose.Yes we can．

When the bombs...she was there to witness a generation rise to greatness and a democracy was saved.Yes we can． She was there.Yes we Can．

A man...And this year, in this election..., she knows how America can change.Yes we can．

在這里奧巴馬以一個106歲的老婦人參加投票為例，運用了一系列的排比來烘托現場氣氛，具有很強的說服力和感染力。連續4個“她看到了···”(she’s seen，she lived to see，she saw, she was there to witness)和6個“是的，我們能”(Yes We can)，強調美國能達成正義和平等，能獲得機遇和繁榮能治愈這個國家，能補救這個世界，強調美國能發生變革!這種以具體的人物、事例和具體的生活場景為主體構成的排比語段，真正達到了提高語言表現力的目。這幾段出現在演講末尾的排比具有排山倒海的氣勢，具有強大的煽動性，把整個演講再次推向了高潮。

在整個獲勝演講當中，通過捧比，奧巴馬將有魅力的句子集中，演講節奏分明，氣氛被一次次的推向的高潮，演講大為增色。這些排比的運用，創造了演講中的個個亮點，氣勢磅礴，使聽眾的情感受到一次次的震。．

三 結語

演講是一門勸說的藝術。演講者要達到勸說的目的，就必須講究演講詞的語言表達技巧，這種技巧在語言層面的體現之一就是修辭手法的運用。排比是英語演講中最常見的修辭手法。國內學者對于排比的修辭效果給予了充分的肯定?！芭疟仁怯⒄Z所有修辭格中最常使用的修辭格之一。任何學會使用并能駕馭排比及其變化的人都會發現排比可使演講條理清楚，效果顯著，具有難以衡量的價值”(張秀國．2005)奧巴馬這篇獲勝演講中排比修辭手法的運用，成功的達到了說服聽眾的目的．

參考文獻：（1）奧巴馬獲勝演講英文原文網址：http://wenku.baidu.com/view/70d3d8d8d15abe23482f4d56.html（2）何曉勤 演講·勸說·訴諸·語篇 外語與外語教學．2004．(11)（3）張秀田 《英語鉻辭學》北京：青華大學出版杜．2005（4）梁文道 《奧巴馬的勝利是修辭學的勝利 》 南方周末，2008(5)徐鵬 《英語辭格 》北京：商務印書館，1977

第四篇：奧巴馬就職演講

mp.傻大個跳下水泵撞到垃圾堆里的喇叭上。

59.On my request the conqueror questioned the man who jumped the queue.根據我的請求,征服者質問了插隊者.60.They are arguing about the document of the monumental instrument.他們在辯論關于那件不朽樂器的文獻.61.However, Lever never fevers;nevertheless, he is clever forever.無論如何,杠桿從未發燒;盡管如此,他始終機靈。

62.I never mind your unkind reminding that my grindstone hinders your cylinder.我決不介意你不友善的提醒說我的磨刀石妨礙了你的汽缸。63.I feed the food to the bleeding man in the flood.我把食品喂給洪水中的那個流血的人.64.It's a treason terror of the seasonal oversea seafood is reasonable.認為季節性的海外海鮮的價格是合理的就是背叛。

65.The veteran in velvet found that the diameter of the thermometer was one metre.穿天鵝絨的老兵發現溫度計的直徑為一米.66.The cube in the tubular cup occupies one cubic meter.筒狀杯中的立方體占有一個立方米(的體積).67.Put the spotless potatoes, tomatoes and tobacco atoms into the hot pot.把無斑點的土豆、番茄和煙草微粒放進熱鍋里。68.The preacher preached to the teacher's teacup.傳教士對著老師的茶杯說教.69.“My behavior is on behalf of half zebras,” the algebra teacher said.“我的行為代表了一半斑馬的利益,”代數老師說.70.Unlike my uncle, I likely like that bike(bicycle).我不像叔叔,我很可能喜歡那輛自行車.71.She likes nothing but things of clothing and cloth.除了衣物和布料之類的東西外,她什么也不喜歡.72.The doctor's doctrine undid one dollar and a dozen of collars.博士的學說毀掉了一美元和一打衣領。

73.On the bus the busy businessman did a business with the buyer.在公共汽車上,忙碌的商人與買主做了一筆生意.74.Vegetables and tablets on the stably established table show no instability.放在穩定設置的桌子上的蔬菜和藥片沒有顯示不穩定性。

75.Primarily, the prime criminal's crime has nothing to do with lime and overtime.首犯的犯罪基本上與石灰和加班無關.76.The ring on the spring string rings during springtime.彈簧弦上的環在春天鳴響。

77.Shut in the hut, I'm puzzled how to cut down the output of nuts.關在茅棚里,我為削減堅果的產量犯難。78.It's better to put letters at the inlet and outlet.最好在進口和出口處標上字母.79.During this serious period, the superierrorries of questions about the supermarket.在這段嚴肅時間內,上級問了下級一連串有關超級市場的問題。

80.I tuned the tone of the stone phone with a bone.我用骨頭調整了石質耳機的音調.81.On Revenue avenue, the grave traveler jumped the gravestone bravely.在稅收大道上,嚴肅的旅行者勇敢地跳過墓碑.82.The slave safely saved the sharp shavers in a cave nearby the cafeteria.奴隸將鋒利的剃刀安全地保存在自助餐廳附近的洞穴里.83.Most hosts are hostile to the foremost ghost hostage almost to the utmost.大多數主人對最前面的幽靈人質的敵對態度幾乎到了極頂.84.The mapper trapped in the gap tapped the tap wrapper with strap.陷在縫中的制圖者用皮帶輕擊塞子套.85.The scout with shoulder-straps shouted on the outermost route as a routine.戴肩章的偵察員照例在最外圍的路線上叫喊.86.The reproached coach unloaded the loaves to the approachable roadside.遭到責備的教練把面包卸到可接近的路旁.87.The news about the broadened breadth is broadcast abroad.寬度加寬的消息被廣播到國外.88.The motive of the emotional movie is to move the removed men.那部情感電影的動機在于感動被開除的人。

89.Otherwise, mother will go to another movie together with brother.3.不然,媽媽就和弟弟一起去看另一場電影。

90.Furthermore, we gathered leather and feather for the future colder weather.而且,我們收集了皮革和羽毛以應付將來更冷的天氣。91.Before the premier, the old soldier scolds the cold weather.老兵當著首相的面咒罵寒冷的天氣。

92.Whether the weather is good or bad, neither father nor I am going to the gathering.無論天氣是好是壞,父親和我都不去參加那個聚會。

93.The Particle party's partner participated in the particular Parliament.粒子黨的合伙人參與了特別議會.94.For convenience of intensive study, he has an intense intention of making friend with me.為便于強化學習，他有和我交朋友的強烈意向。

95.The virtueless girl's duty is to wash the dirty shirts and skirts in the outskirts.無美德女孩的職責就是在郊區洗臟襯衣和裙子.96.I glimpsed the dancer balancing herself on the ambulance by chance.我碰巧瞥見舞蹈者在救護車上使自己保持平衡。

97.Balloon, baseball, basketball, football and volleyball all dance ballet on the volcano.氣球、棒球、籃球、足球和排球都在火山上跳芭蕾舞。98.A gallon of gasoline and the nylon overalls fall into the valley.一加侖汽油和尼龍工作褲落進了山谷。99.Palm calmly recalled the so-called caller.“手掌”平靜地回憶了那個所謂的拜訪者.100.In the hall, the shallow challenger shall be allowed to swallow the swallows.在大廳里,膚淺的挑戰者將被允許吞下燕子.16天記住7000考研詞匯（第三天）

101.The tall man installed a small wallet on the wall.高個男子把一小錢包安放到墻上.102.Except dishonest ones, anyone who is honest can get honey, everyone thinks so.除了不誠實的人外,任何誠實的人都能得到蜂蜜,人人都這么想。103.The exhausted man and the trustful guy thrust a knife into the rusty crust.精疲力竭的男子和深信不疑的家伙將一把刀子刺向生銹的外殼。104.I finally find that the financial findings are binding.我終于發現財經調查結果具有約束力。

105.At the windy window, the widow finds a blind snake winding.在當風的窗口,寡婦發現有條瞎眼蛇在游動。106.I refuse to accuse Fuse of diffusing confusion.我拒絕控告導火索散播混亂。

107.He had an amusing excuse for executing the executive.對于處決決策人,他有一個可笑的理由.108.At the dawn on the lawn the yawning drowned man began to frown.拂曉時在草坪上，打呵欠的溺水者開始皺眉頭.109.Mr.Brown owns the brown towels in the downtown tower.布朗先生擁有鬧市區塔里的棕色毛巾。110.Lots of pilots plot to dot the rotten robot.大批領航員策劃給腐爛的機器人打點.111.In the hot hotel the devoted voter did not notice the noticeable notebook.在炎熱的旅館里,熱心的投票者沒有注意到顯而易見的筆記本。112.The notorious man's noted notation denotes a notable secret.那個臭名昭著的男子的著名符號代表一個值得關注的秘密.113.Yes, yesterday was the my pay-day;I pay you the payment today.是的,昨天是我的發薪日,我今天付給你報酬.114.Lay a layer of clay on the displayed layout before the relay race.接力賽之前在展示的陳設上鋪一層黏土.115.“The gay mayor maybe lay in the hay by the Baby bay,” he says in dismay.他沮喪地說:“快活的市長大概躺在嬰兒灣邊上的干草中?！?116.The delayed player delegation stay on the playground.被耽擱的運動員代表團停留在操場上。117.The X-rayed prayer preyed a gray tray.照過X光的祈禱者捕獲了一個灰色盤子。

118.Anyway, the prayer swayed by me always goes away by subway.不管怎樣,受我支配的祈禱者總是從地鐵走向遠方。119.The chocolates on the plate stimulated my son to calculate.盤子里的巧克力鼓勵了兒子進行計算.120.One of my relatives, a late translator, translated a book relating to public relations.我的一位親戚,一個已故翻譯,翻譯了一本有關公共關系的書。

121.He relates that he is isolated from his relatives.他敘述說他與親戚們隔離開了.122.The educator located the local location allocated to him.教育家定出了分配給他的局部的位置.123.Comply with the compatible rule of complement when using compliments.使用問候語時遵守補語的相容規則.124.The complicated indicator is dedicated to the delicate delicious machine.這個復雜的指示器被奉獻給精密而美妙的機器.125.Likewise, my bike gave a striking strike to the two men alike.同樣,我的自行車給那兩個相象的人驚人的打擊.126.The smoke choked the joking stroker at one stroke.煙一下嗆住了開玩笑的撫摩者.127.Somewhere somebody sometimes does something good.在某處某人有時做某些好事。

128.Wherever I go, nowhere I like;I dislike everywhere.無論我到哪里,沒有哪里為我喜歡,我討厭每一個地方.129.Therefore, the atmosphere is merely a sphere.因此大氣層只不過是一個球體。

130.The funny cunning runner uses his gum gun before sunrise or after sunset.滑稽乖巧的賽跑者在日出之前或日落之后使用膠皮槍。

131.The applause paused because of the cause caused by a cautious plausible clause.掌聲停了是因為一條謹慎的似乎有理的條款引起的原因。

132.The county councilor encountered the accountant at the counter of a countryside shop.縣委委員在一鄉村商店的柜臺邊碰到了會計師。

133.I mounted the mountain and found a fountain with large amount of water.我登上那座山發現一個水量很大的噴泉。

134.Step by step, the sleepy creeper crawled into my sleeve to sleep.昏昏欲睡的爬蟲一步一步爬進我的袖子里睡覺.135.After a deep sleep, the weeping sweeper keeps on peeping the sheep on the steep.酣睡之后,哭泣的清掃者繼續窺視峭壁上的羊。

136.The vice-adviser advised the reviser to devise a device for getting rid of vice.代理顧問建議校訂者想出一個根除惡習的計策.137.The wise man used his wisdom in the vertical advertisement device.聰明人把智慧用在垂直的 廣告裝置上。

138.With rhythm, the arithmetic teacher put the artist's artificial articles on the vehicle.算術老師把藝術家的人造物品有節奏地放到運載工具里.139.The smart star starts to make cart chart for the commencement.精明的明星開始制作授學位典禮用的馬車圖表。

140.The lady is glad to give the salad to the sad lad on the ladder.女士樂意把色拉送給梯子上的那位悲哀的小伙子.141.You mad madam, my dad doesn't like the bad badminton pad.你這個瘋太太,我爸爸不喜歡這種壞羽毛球墊.142.The one-legged beggar begins to beg eggs illegally.獨腿乞丐開始非法討蛋。

143.The promoter promptly made a quotation for the remote control motors.發起人立刻制了一份遙控馬達的報價單。

144.Each pea and peach on the beach can be reached by the peacock.海灘上的每一顆豌豆和桃子孔雀都能觸及.145.Although the plan was thorough, it was not carried through.盡管計劃很周詳，但是沒有得到貫徹。

146.Thoughtful men ought not to be thoughtless about the drought.體貼的人不應該對干旱考慮不周。

147.“Rough cough is tough enough,” Bough said while touching the torch.“劇烈咳嗽是夠難以對付的,”大樹枝在觸摸手電筒時說道.148.The football team stopped the steam stream with beams.足球隊用橫桿堵住了蒸汽流.149.“Ice-cream!” he screamed in dream.“冰淇淋!”他在夢中驚叫道.150.For example, this simple sample similar to his can be exemplified.例如,這件與他的相似的簡單樣品可以作為例證。

※ 來源： 考研論壇 bbs.kaoyan.com

16天記住7000考研單詞（第四天）16天記住7000考研單詞（第四天）

151.The spy is shy of taking shelter on the shelf of the shell-like shed.間諜怕在殼子一樣的棚里的架子上棲身。

152.The optional helicopter is adopted to help the optimistic helpless in the hell.可選用的直升飛機被用來幫助地獄里那些樂觀的無助者.153.The cell seller seldom sees the bell belt melt.小單間的賣主很少見到鈴鐺帶子融化。

154.The costly post was postponed because of the frost.那件昂貴的郵件由于霜的緣故而延擱。155.Srain brain on the train is restrained.在列車上過度用腦受到約束.156.The gained grain drained away with the rain, all the pains were in vain again.收獲的谷物隨雨水流失了,所有辛勞又白費.157.Cousin saw a group of couples in cloaks soak their souls in the soapy soup.表哥看見一群穿著斗篷的夫婦在肥皂湯里浸泡靈魂.158.The wounded founder bought a pound of compound.受傷的奠基人買了一磅化合物.159.It's easy and feasible to control the disease after cease-fire.?；鹬罂刂七@種病很容易也可行。

160.After a decrease, the price of the grease increases increasingly.下跌過一次之后，潤滑脂的價格日益上漲。

161.Please release that pleasant peasant teaser who brings us plenty of pleasure.請釋放那個帶給我們巨大快樂的友好的農民逗趣者。

162.In the canal, the Canadian analyzed the bananas.在運河里,那個加拿大人化驗了香蕉.163.I pointed out the joint on the coin at the disappointing appointment.在令人失望的約會上,我指出了硬幣上的接頭.164.His parents apparently stare at the transparent cigarettes.他父母顯然凝視著透明香煙.165.The careful man is scarcely scared by the scarce parcel.細心男子勉強被罕見的包裹嚇了一下.166.I'm rarely aware that the square area is bare.我很少覺察到那個正方形區域是光禿禿的.167.“Beware the software in the warhouse during the warfare,” hare said glaring at me.兔子怒視著我說:“戰爭期間當心倉庫里的軟件?！?/p>

168.I daren't declare that the shares are my spare fare and welfare on the farewell party.在告別會上,我不敢宣稱這些股票是我的備用車費和福利。

169.The external and internal interference interrupts my interpretation at short intervals.內部和外部干涉以很短的間隔打擾我翻譯.170.The form of the former formula is formally formulated.前一個分子式的形式得到正式表述.171.The performer reformed the performance of the transferred transformer.表演者改良了轉讓的變壓器的性能.172.Normally, enormous deformation is abnormal.通常，巨大的變形是不正常的。

173.The bookworm in uniform is informed of the storm.穿制服的書呆子得到暴風雨的消息。

174.The story about the six-storeyed dormitory tells a glorious history.關于六層樓宿舍的故事講述一段光榮歷史。

175.The perfume consumer presumably assumes that the volume is resumed.香水消費者假定地設想音量已恢復.176.The voluntary revolutionaries revolted like the outbreak of volcano.志愿革命者們象火山爆發一樣起義了.177.It's resolved by resolution that the solution will be used to solve the involved problem.決議決定用這個辦法解決那個復雜的問題。

178.The generous general's genuine genius is in making generators.那位慷慨將軍的真正天才在于制造發電機.179.Several severe federal generals drank the mineral water on the miner's funeral.好幾個嚴厲的聯邦將軍在礦工的葬禮上喝了礦泉水。

180.The lean man leans on the clean bean plant to read a leaf leaflet.瘦人斜靠在干凈的豆科植物上讀葉片傳單.181.I mean he used mean means in the meantime on the ocean.我的意思是其間在海洋上他用了卑鄙手法.182.The honorable journalist spent an hour on the journey of tour.可敬的新聞記者在觀光旅程上花了一個小時.183.The sour vapour pours into the flourishing flour factory.It's the source of resources.酸蒸汽涌進興旺的面粉廠.這是資源的源泉.184.Of course the man's courage encouraged the discouraged tourists in the courtyard.自然那個勇敢男子的勇氣鼓舞了院子里泄氣的游客們。185.The zealous dealer has an ideal idea of dealing with the meal.熱心的商人有一個處理膳食的理想主意.186.He conceals the fact that he is jealous of my seal and wants to steal it.他隱瞞了他嫉妒我的印章并想偷的事實.187.I really realized that a realm came into reality.我真地認識到一個王國已變成現實.188.The healer reveals an appealing fact that health is great wealth to the commonwealth.醫治者揭示一個吸引人的事實:健康是聯邦的巨大財富。

189.The absent-minded student consents to the sentence in the presence of me.心不在焉的學生在我面前同意這份判決.190.Presently the present is presented to the representative.現在這份禮物已呈現在代表面前。

191.Not for a moment has the comment on commercial phenomenon been mentioned.那個關于商業現象的評論從未被提及過。

192.The mental patient thinks the cement is the elementary element of the ornament.精神病人認為水泥是裝飾品的基本成分.193.As an exception I accept all his concepts and conceptions except one.作為例外,我接受他所有的概念和構想,只有一個除外。

194.I perceived that the veil clung on the ceiling of the clinic was deceit.我覺察到粘附在診所天花板上的幔子是個騙局.195.The receptionist received a receipt from the receiver.接待員收到一份來自接收者的收據。

196.The reaper leaped over a heap of cheap weapons.收割者躍過一堆廉價的武器。

197.The newly imprisoned prisoners poisoned poisonous moisture are hoisted out from the prison.中了有毒濕氣毒的新近關押的囚犯被從監獄吊出.198.The gross grocer crossed his legs before the boss.粗鄙的雜貨商在老板面前叉起腿子.199.The lost Bible is possibly the biggest loss of my possessions.丟失的圣經可能是我最大的財產損失。

200.A dose of poison made the noisy man's nose rosy.一劑毒藥使得吵鬧的男子的鼻子變成玫瑰色.16天記住7000考研單詞（第五天）201.The loser closely enclosed himself in the closet.那個失敗者把自己嚴密地封閉在小室內。

202.The composer was proposed to decompose his composition into components.作曲家被建議將著作分解成單元。?

203.Suppose you were exposed in the opposite position by your opponent,...假設你被對手暴露在相反的位置。。

204.The depositor positively positioned the preposition in that position on

purpose.儲戶有意確信地介詞放置在那個位置。?

205.In church the nurse cursed the people pursuing the purple purse.在教堂里，護士詛咒了追求紫色錢包的 人們。?

206.The faculty for agricultural culture isn't difficult to cultivate.農業栽培能力不難培養。

207.The reservoir in the reserved preserve is an obstacle to the obstinate observer.預留保護區內的水庫對固執的觀察者是一個障礙。

208.The desert deserves the nervous servants to observe.那個沙漠值得神經緊張的公務員們去觀察。

209.The bulk of the ruby rubbish on the pebble bubbles when stirred by bulbed rubber club.小卵石上的大部分紅寶石廢料在用有球狀突起的橡膠短棍攪動是會起泡。

210.The adjective injected new meaning into the objected objective object.這個形容詞給受到反對的客觀物體注入了新的意義。

211.The projector is subject to rejection and may be ejected from the project.投影機有遭到否決的傾向并可能被逐出工程。?

212.A day goes through daybreak, morning, noon, afternoon, evening and midnight.一天經過坲曉，上午，正文，下午，傍晚和午夜。?

213.His affection for the defects is affected by the infectious perfect effect.他對缺點的鐘愛受到具有感染力的完美效果的影響。? 214.The critic's criticism is critical to the crisis.???評論家的批評對這場危機至關重要。?

215.The director's indirect direction led to the incorrect erection of the rectifier.指導者間接的指導導致整流器的錯誤安裝。

216.The prospective inspector prospected his prospect with his own perspective.? 未來的檢查員用自己的觀點勘察的他的前景。

217.Two suspicious aspects are suspected respectively.兩個可疑的方面分別受到懷疑。

218.This section about insects is written by a respectable specialist.關于昆蟲的這一節是由一位可敬的專家撰寫的。

219.I assure the injured jury that a sure insurance is ensured.我讓受傷的陪審團確信一筆有把握的保險得到的確保。

220.My durable endurance made me endure the injury during insurance.我持久的忍耐力使我忍受了保險期間的傷害。?

221.I can't endure the leisured man's measures for the treasures in the treasury..我不能容忍那個悠閑男子對金庫財寶采取的措施。

222.In the exchange the oranges are arranged into strange ranges.在交易所里橙子被排成奇怪的行。

223.The ashtray, splashed with ash, crashed with a clash in a flash while being washed.那個濺有灰塵的煙灰盤在清洗時咣當一聲一下子摔碎了。

226.On the orbit, the rabbits habitually inherited the merits of the inhabitants.? 在軌道上，兔子習慣性地繼承了居民們的優點。

227.Her rejoicing voice is void of something avoidable.她那令人高興的聲音缺少某種可避免的東西。

228.I prefer the preferable preference you referred to in the reference books.? 我更喜歡你在參考書中提到的那個更可取的優先權。

229.The specialist specifically specified a special pacific means especially.專家特地明確指定了一種和解的特殊方法。

230.The speculator specifically specified the specification of this species specimen.投機者特地指定了這種物種標本的規范。

231 I'm to be punished for publishing his bad reputation to the public of the republic.我因將他的壞名聲公布給共和國的公眾將受到懲罰。

232.The drug trafficker is concerned about the condition of the traditional concert.毒品販子擔心傳統音樂會的狀況。

233.It's a fable that the cable enables the disabled man to be able to walk.電纜使得殘疾人能夠行走是天方夜譚。

234.The problem is that those who are out of jobs probably rob.問題是那些失業者們可能行劫。?

235.His wicked trick is to get the kids to kick bricks and lick the cricket ticket.他的缺德惡作劇是讓孩子們踢磚和添板球門。? 236.The thin sick chicken picks the thick sticky stick quickly.瘦病雞快速地啄粘乎乎的粗棍。

237.The animals unanimously vanished from the mammal's room furnished with Spanish furniture.動物一齊從配備有西班牙家具的哺乳動物的房間消失。?

Obama 就職演講稿, My fellow citizens:

I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed[bi'st?u]vt.使用；授予, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors ['?nsest?].I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well

as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath.The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace.Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms.At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents.So it has been.So it must be with this generation of Americans.That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood.Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred.Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age.Homes have been lost;jobs shed;businesses shuttered.Our health care is too costly;our schools fail too many;and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics.Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land—a nagging fear that America's decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sights.Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real.They are serious and they are many.They will not be met easily or in a short span of time.But know this, America—they will be met.On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things.The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit;to choose our better history;to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given.It must be earned.Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less.It has not been the path for the faint-hearted—for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame.Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things—some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West;endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg;Normandy and Khe Sahn.Time and again these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life.They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions;greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.This is the journey we continue today.We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth.Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began.Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year.Our capacity remains undiminished.But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions—that time has surely passed.Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America.For everywhere we look, there is work to be done.The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act—not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth.We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together.We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology's wonders to raise health care's quality and lower its cost.We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories.And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age.All this we can do.And all this we will do.Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions—who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans.Their memories are short.For they have forgotten what this country has already done;what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them—that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply.The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works—whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified.Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward.Where the answer is no, programs will end.And those of us who manage the public's dollars will be held to account—to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day—because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government.Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill.Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control—and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous.The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our Gross Domestic Product, but on the reach of our prosperity;on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart—not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals.Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations.Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience's sake.And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions.They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do

as we please.Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use;our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.We are the keepers of this legacy.Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort—even greater cooperation and understanding between nations.We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan.With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet.We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken;you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness.We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus—and non-believers.We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth;and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass;that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve;that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself;and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace.To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect.To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on the West—know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy.To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history;but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow;to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds.And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders;nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect.For the world has changed, and we must change with it.As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains.They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages.We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service;a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves.And yet, at this moment—a moment that will define a generation—it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies.It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours.It is the firefighter's courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent's willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.Our challenges may be new.The instruments with which we meet them may be new.But those values upon which our success depends—hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism—these things are old.These things are true.They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history.What is

demanded then is a return to these truths.What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility—a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation, and the world, duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task.This is the price and the promise of citizenship.This is the source of our confidence—the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed—why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent mall, and why a man whose father less than sixty years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled.In the year of America's birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river.The capital was abandoned.The enemy was advancing.The snow was stained with blood.At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people:

“Let it be told to the future world...that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive...that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it].”

America.In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words.With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come.Let it be said by our children's children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter;and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.THE PRESIDENT: Good evening.To the United States Corps of Cadets, to the men and women of our Armed Services, and to my fellow Americans: I want to speak to you tonight about our effort in Afghanistan--the nature of our commitment there, the scope of our interests, and the strategy that my administration will pursue to bring this war to a successful conclusion.It’s an extraordinary honor for me to do so here at West Point--where so many men and women have prepared to stand up for our security, and to represent what is finest about our country.To address these important issues, it’s important to recall why America and our allies were compelled to fight a war in Afghanistan in the first place.We did not ask for this fight.On September 11, 2001, 19 men hijacked four airplanes and used them to murder nearly 3,000 people.They struck at our military and economic nerve centers.They took the lives of innocent men, women, and children without regard to their faith or race or station.Were it not for the heroic actions of passengers onboard one of those flights, they could have also struck at one of the great symbols of our democracy in Washington, and killed many more.As we know, these men belonged to al Qaeda--a group of extremists who have distorted and defiled Islam, one of the world’s great religions, to justify the slaughter of innocents.Al Qaeda’s base of operations was in Afghanistan, where they were harbored by the Taliban--a ruthless, repressive and radical movement that seized control of that country after it was ravaged by years of Soviet occupation and civil war, and after the attention of America and our friends had turned elsewhere.Just days after 9/11, Congress authorized the use of force against al Qaeda and those who harbored them--an

authorization that continues to this day.The vote in the Senate was 98 to nothing.The vote in the House was 420 to 1.For the first time in its history, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization invoked Article 5--the commitment that says an attack on one member nation is an attack on all.And the United Nations Security Council endorsed the use of all necessary steps to respond to the 9/11 attacks.America, our allies and the world were acting as one to destroy al Qaeda’s terrorist network and to protect our common security.Under the banner of this domestic unity and international legitimacy--and only after the Taliban refused to turn over Osama bin Laden--we sent our troops into Afghanistan.Within a matter of months, al Qaeda was scattered and many of its operatives were killed.The Taliban was driven from power and pushed back on its heel s.A place that had known decades of fear now had reason to hope.At a conference convened by the U.N., a provisional government was established under President Hamid Karzai.And an International Security Assistance Force was established to help bring a lasting peace to a war-torn country.Then, in early 2003, the decision was made to wage a second war, in Iraq.The wrenching debate over the Iraq war is well-known and need not be repeated here.It’s enough to say that for the next six years, the Iraq war drew the dominant share of our troops, our resources, our diplomacy, and our national attention--and that the decision to go into Iraq caused substantial rifts between America and much of the world.Today, after extraordinary costs, we are bringing the Iraq war to a responsible end.We will remove our combat brigades from Iraq by the end of next summer, and all of our troops by the end of 2011.That we are doing so is a testament to the character of the men and women in uniform.(Applause.)Thanks to their courage, grit and perseverance, we have given Iraqis a chance to shape their future, and we are successfully leaving Iraq to its people.But while we’ve achieved hard-earned milestones in Iraq, the situation in Afghanistan has deteriorated.After escaping across the border into Pakistan in 2001 and 2002, al Qaeda’s leadership established a safe haven there.Although a legitimate government was elected by the Afghan people, it’s been hampered by corruption, the drug trade, an under-developed economy, and insufficient security forces.Over the last several years, the Taliban has maintained common cause with al Qaeda, as they both seek an overthrow of the Afghan government.Gradually, the Taliban has begun to control additional swaths of territory in Afghanistan, while engaging in increasingly brazen and devastating attacks of terrorism against the Pakistani people.Now, throughout this period, our troop levels in Afghanistan remained a fraction of what they were in Iraq.When I took office, we had just over 32,000 Americans serving in Afghanistan, compared to 160,000 in Iraq at the peak of the war.Commanders in Afghanistan repeatedly asked for support to deal with the reemergence of the Taliban, but these reinforcements did not arrive.And that’s why, shortly after taking office, I approved a longstanding request for more troops.After consultations with our allies, I then announced a strategy recognizing the fundamental connection between our war effort in Afghanistan and the extremist safe havens in Pakistan.I set a goal that was narrowly defined as disrupting, dismantling, and defeating al Qaeda and its extremist allies, and pledged to better coordinate our military and civilian efforts.Since then, we’ve made progress on some important objectives.High-ranking al Qaeda and Taliban leaders have been killed, and we’ve stepped up the pressure on al Qaeda worldwide.In Pakistan, that nation’s ar

my has gone on its largest offensive in years.In Afghanistan, we and our allies prevented the Taliban from stopping a presidential election, and--although it was marred by fraud--that election produced a government that is consistent with Afghanistan’s laws and constitution.Yet huge challenges remain.Afghanistan is not lost, but for several years it has moved backwards.There’s no imminent threat of the government being overthrown, but the Taliban has gained momentum.Al Qaeda has not reemerged in Afghanistan in the same numbers as before 9/11, but they retain their safe havens along the border.And our forces lack the full support they need to effectively train and partner with Afghan security forces and better secure the population.Our new commander in Afghanistan--General McChrystal--has reported that the security

situation is more serious than he anticipated.In short: The status quo is not sustainable.As cadets, you volunteered for service during this time of danger.Some of you fought in Afghanistan.Some of you will deploy there.As your Commander-in-Chief, I owe you a mission that is clearly defined, and worthy of your service.And that’s why, after the Afghan voting was completed, I insisted on a thorough review of our strategy.Now, let me be clear: There has never been an option before me that called for troop deployments before 2010, so there has been no delay or denial of resources necessary for the conduct of the war during this review period.Instead, the review has allowed me to ask the hard questions, and to explore all the different options, along with my national security team, our military and civilian leadership in Afghanistan, and our key partners.And given the stakes involved, I owed the American people--and our troops--no less.This review is now complete.And as Commander-in-Chief, I have determined that it is in our vital national interest to send an additional 30,000 U.S.troops to Afghanistan.After 18 months, our troops will begin to come home.These are the resources that we need to seize the initiative, while building the Afghan capacity that can allow for a responsible transition of our forces out of Afghanistan.I do not make this decision lightly.I opposed the war in Iraq precisely because I believe that we must exercise restraint in the use of military force, and always consider the long-term consequences of our actions.We have been at war now for eight years, at enormous cost in lives and resources.Years of debate over Iraq and terrorism have left our unity on national security issues in tatters, and created a highly polarized and partisan backdrop for this effort.And having just experienced the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression, the American people are understandably focused on rebuilding our economy and putting people to work here at home.Most of all, I know that this decision asks even more of you--a military that, along with you r families, has already borne the heaviest of all burdens.As President, I have signed a letter of condolence to the family of each American who gives their life in these wars.I have read the letters from the parents and spouses of those who deployed.I visited our courageous wounded warriors at Walter Reed.I’ve traveled to Dover to meet the flag-draped caskets of 18 Americans returning home to their final resting place.I see firsthand the terrible wages of war.If I did not think that the security of the United States and the safety of the American people were at stake in Afghanistan, I would gladly order every single one of our troops home tomorrow.So, no, I do not make this decision lightly.I make this decision because I am convinced that our security is at stake in Afghanistan and Pakistan.This is the epicenter of violent extremism practiced by al Qaeda.It is from here that we were attacked on 9/11, and it is from here that new attacks are being plotted as I speak.This is no idle danger;no hypothetical threat.In the last few months alone, we have apprehended extremists within our borders who were sent here from the border region of Afghanistan and Pakistan to commit new acts of terror.And this danger will only grow if the region slides backwards, and al Qaeda can operate with impunity.We must keep the pressure on al Qaeda, and to do that, we must increase the stability and capacity of our partners in the region.Of course, this burden is not ours alone to bear.This is not just America’s war.Since 9/11, al Qaeda’s safe havens have been the source of attacks against London and Amman and Bali.The people and governments of both Afghanistan and Pakistan are endangered.And the stakes are even higher within a nuclear-armed Pakistan, because we know that al Qaeda and other extremists seek nuclear weapons, and we have every reason to believe that they would use them.These facts compel us to act along with our friends and allies.Our overarching goal remains the same: to disrupt, dismantle, and defeat al Qaeda in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and to prevent its capacity to threaten America and our allies in the future.To meet that goal, we will pursue the following objectives within Afghanistan.We must deny al Qaeda a safe haven.We must reverse the Taliban’s momentum and deny it the ability to overthrow the government.And we must

strengthen the capacity of Afghanistan’s security forces and government so that they can take lead responsibility for Afghanistan’s future.We will meet these objectives in three ways.First, we will pursue a military strategy that will break the Taliban’s momentum and increase Afghanistan’s capacity over the next 18 months.The 30,000 additional troops that I’m announcing tonight will deploy in the first part of 2010--the fastest possible pace--so that they can target the insurgency and secure key population centers.They’ll increase our ability to train competent Afghan security forces, and to partner with them so that more Afghans can get into the fight.And they will help create the conditions for the United States to transfer responsibility to the Afghans.Because this is an international effort, I’ve asked that our commitment be joined by contributions from our allies.Some have already provided additional troops, and we’re confident that there will be further contributions in the days and weeks ahead.Our friends have fought and bled and died alongside us in Afghanistan.And now, we must come together to end this war successfully.For what’s at stake is not simply a test of NATO’s credibility--what’s at stake is the security of our allies, and the common security of the world.But taken together, these additional American and international troops will allow us to accelerate handing over responsibility to Afghan forces, and allow us to begin the transfer of our forces out of Afghanistan in July of 2011.Just as we have done in Iraq, we will execute this transition responsibly, taking into account conditions on the ground.We’ll continue to advise and assist Afghanistan’s security forces to ensure that they can succeed over the long haul.But it will be clear to the Afghan government--and, more importantly, to the Afghan people--that they will ultimately be responsible for their own country.Second, we will work with our partners, the United Nations, and the Afghan people to pursue a more effective civilian strategy, so that the government can take advantage of improved security.This effort must be based on performance.The days of providing a blank check are over.President Karzai’s inauguration speech sent the right message about moving in a new direction.And going forward, we will be clear about what we expect from those who receive our assistance.We’ll support Afghan ministries, governors, and local leaders that combat corruption and deliver for the people.We expect those who are ineffective or corrupt to be held accountable.And we will also focus our assistance in areas--such as agriculture--that can make an immediate impact in the lives of the Afghan people.The people of Afghanistan have endured violence for decades.They’ve been confronted with occupation--by the Soviet Union, and then by foreign al Qaeda fighters who used Afghan land for their own purposes.So tonight, I want the Afghan people to understand--America seeks an end to this era of war and suffering.We have no interest in occupying your country.We will support efforts by the Afghan government to open the door to those Taliban who abandon violence and respect the human rights of their fellow citizens.And we will seek a partnership with Afghanistan grounded in mutual respect--to isolate those who destroy;to strengthen those who build;to hasten the day when our troops will leave;and to forge a lasting friendship in which America is your partner, and never yo ur patron.Third, we will act with the full recognition that our success in Afghanistan is inextricably linked to our partnership with Pakistan.We’re in Afghanistan to prevent a cancer from once again spreading through that country.But this same cancer has also taken root in the border region of Pakistan.That’s why we need a strategy that works on both sides of the border.In the past, there have been those in Pakistan who’ve argued that the struggle against extremism is not their fight, and that Pakistan is better off doing little or seeking accommodation with those who use violence.But in recent years, as innocents have been killed from Karachi to Islamabad, it has become clear that it is the Pakistani people who are the most endangered by extremism.Public opinion has turned.The Pakistani army has waged an offensive in Swat and South Waziristan.And there is no doubt that the United States and Pakistan share a common enemy.In the past, we too often defined our relationship with Pakistan narrowly.Those days are over.Moving forward, we are committed to a partnership with Pakistan that is built on a foundation of mutual interest, mutual respect, and mutual trust.We will strengthen Pakistan’s capacity to target those groups that threaten our countries, and have made it clear that we cannot tolerate a safe haven for terrorists whose location is known and whose intentions are clear.America is also providing substantial resources to support Pakistan’s democracy and development.We are the largest international supporter for those Pakistanis displaced by the fighting.And going forward, the Pakistan people must know America will remain a strong supporter of Pakistan’s security and prosperity long after the guns have fallen silent, so that the great potential of its people can be unleashed.These are the three core elements of our strategy: a military effort to create the conditions for a transition;a civilian surge that reinforces positive action;and an effective partnership with Pakistan.I recognize there are a range of concerns about our approach.So let me briefly address a few of the more prominent arguments that I’ve heard, and which I take very seriously.First, there are those who suggest that Afghanistan is another Vietnam.They argue that it cannot be stabilized, and we’re better off cutting our losses and rapidly withdrawing.I believe this argument depends on a false reading of history.Unlike Vietnam, we are joined by a broad coalition of 43 nations that recognizes the legitimacy of our action.Unlike Vietnam, we are not facing a broad-based popular insurgency.And most importantly, unlike Vietnam, the American people were viciously attacked from Afghanistan, and remain a target for those same extremists who are plotting along its border.To abandon this area now--and to rely only on efforts against al Qaeda from a distance--would significantly hamper our ability to k eep the pressure on al Qaeda, and create an unacceptable risk of additional attacks on our homeland and our allies.Second, there are those who acknowledge that we can’t leave Afghanistan in its current state, but suggest that we go forward with the troops that we already have.But this would simply maintain a status quo in which we muddle through, and permit a slow deterioration of conditions there.It would ultimately prove more costly and prolong our stay in Afghanistan, because we would never be able to generate the conditions needed to train Afghan security forces and give them the space to take over.Finally, there are those who oppose identifying a time frame for our transition to Afghan responsibility.Indeed, some call for a more dramatic and open-ended escalation of our war effort--one that would commit us to a nation-building project of up to a decade.I reject this course because it sets goals that are beyond what can be achieved at a reasonable cost, and what we need to achieve to secure our interests.Furthermore, the absence of a time frame for transition would deny us any sense of urgency in working with the Afghan government.It must be clear that Afghans will have to take responsibility for their security, and that America has no interest in fighting an endless war in Afghanistan.As President, I refuse to set goals that go beyond our responsibility, our means, or our interests.And I must weigh all of the challenges that our nation faces.I don’t have the luxury of committing to just one.Indeed, I’m mindful of the words of President Eisenhower, who--in discussing our national security--said, “Each proposal must be weighed in the light of a broader consideration: the need to maintain balance in and among national programs.”

Over the past several years, we have lost that balance.We’ve failed to appreciate the connection between our national security and our economy.In the wake of an economic crisis, too many of our neighbors and friends are out of work and struggle to pay the bills.Too many Americans are worried about the future facing our children.Meanwhile, competition within the global economy has grown more fierce.So we can’t simply afford to ignore the price of these wars.All told, by the time I took office the cost of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan approached a trillion dollars.Going forward, I am committed to addressing these costs openly and honestly.Our new approach in Afghanistan is likely to cost us roughly $30 billion for the military this year, and I’ll work closely with Congress to address these costs as we

work to bring down our deficit.But as we end the war in Iraq and transition to Afghan responsibility, we must rebuild our strength here at home.Our prosperity provides a foundation for our power.It pays for our military.It underwrites our diplomacy.It taps the potential of our people, and allows investment in new industry.And it will allow us to compete in this century as successfully as we did in the last.That’s why our troop commitment in Afghanistan cannot be open-ended--because the nation that I’m most interested in building is our own.Now, let me be clear: None of this will be easy.The struggle against violent extremism will not be finished quickly, and it extends well beyond Afghanistan and Pakistan.It will be an enduring test of our free society, and our leadership in the world.And unlike the great power conflicts and clear lines of division that defined the 20th century, our effort will involve disorderly regions, failed states, diffuse enemies.So as a result, America will have to show our strength in the way that we end wars and prevent conflict--not just how we wage wars.We’ll have to be nimble and precise in our use of military power.Where al Qaeda and its allies attempt to establish a foothold--whether in Somalia or Yemen or elsewhere--they must be confronted by growing pressure and strong partnerships.And we can’t count on military might alone.We have to invest in our homeland security, because we can’t capture or kill every violent extremist abroad.We have to improve and better coordinate our intelligence, so that we stay one step ahead of shadowy networks.We will have to take away the tools of mass destruction.And that’s why I’ve made it a central pillar of my foreign policy to secure loose nuclear materials from terrorists, to stop the spread of nuclear weapons, and to pursue the goal of a world without them--because every nation must understand that true security will never come from an endless race for ever more destructive weapons;true security will come for those who reject them.We’ll have to use diplomacy, because no one nation can meet the challenges of an interconnected world acting alone.I’ve spent this year renewing our alliances and forging new partnerships.And we have forged a new beginning between America and the Muslim world--one that recognizes our mutual interest in breaking a cycle of conflict, and that promises a future in which those who kill innocents are isolated by those who stand up for peace and prosperity and human dignity.And finally, we must draw on the strength of our values--for the challenges that we face may have changed, but the things that we believe in must not.That’s why we must promote our values by living them at home--which is why I have prohibited torture and will close the prison at Guantanamo Bay.And we must make it clear to every man, woman and child around the world who lives under the dark cloud of tyranny that America will speak out on behalf of their human rights, and tend to the light of freedom and justice and opportunity and respect for the dignity of all peoples.That is who we are.That is the source, the moral source, of America’s authority.Since the days of Franklin Roosevelt, and the service and sacrifice of our grandparents and great-grandparents, our country has borne a special burden in global affairs.We have spilled American blood in many countries on multiple continents.We have spent our revenue to help others rebuild from rubble and develop their own economies.We have joined with others to develop an architecture of institutions--from the United Nations to NATO to the World Bank--that provide for the common security and prosperity of human beings.We have not always been thanked for these efforts, and we have at times made mistakes.But more than any other nation, the United States of America has underwritten global security for over six decades--a time that, for all its problems, has seen walls come down, and markets open, and billions lifted from poverty, unparalleled scientific progress and advancing frontiers of human liberty.For unlike the great powers of old, we have not sought world domination.Our union was founded in resistance to oppression.We do not seek to occupy other nations.We will not claim another nation’s resources or target other peoples because their faith or ethnicity is different from ours.What we have fought for--what we continue to fight

for--is a better future for our children and grandchildren.And we believe that their lives will be better if other peoples’ children and grandchildren can live in freedom and access opportunity.(Applause.)

As a country, we’re not as young--and perhaps not as innocent--as we were when Roosevelt was President.Yet we are still heirs to a noble struggle for freedom.And now we must summon all of our might and moral suasion to meet the challenges of a new age.In the end, our security and leadership does not come solely from the strength of our arms.It derives from our people--from the workers and businesses who will rebuild our economy;from the entrepreneurs and researchers who will pioneer new industries;from the teachers that will educate our children, and the service of those who work in our communities at home;from the diplomats and Peace Corps volunteers who spread hope abroad;and from the men and women in uniform who are part of an unbroken line of sacrifice that has made government of the people, by the people, and for the people a reality on this Earth.(Applause.)This vast and diverse citizenry will not always agree on every issue--nor should we.But I also know that we, as a country, cannot sustain our leadership, nor navigate the momentous challenges of our time, if we allow ourselves to be split asunder by the same rancor and cynicism and partisanship that has in recent times poisoned our national discourse.It’s easy to forget that when this war began, we were united--bound together by the fresh memory of a horrific attack, and by the determination to defend our homeland and the values we hold dear.I refuse to accept the notion that we cannot summon that unity again.(Applause.)I believe with every fiber of my

being that we--as Americans--can still come together behind a common purpose.For our values are not simply words written into parchment--they are a creed that calls us together, and that has carried us through the darkest of storms as one nation, as one people.America--we are passing through a time of great trial.And the message that we send in the midst of these storms must be clear: that our cause is just, our resolve unwavering.We will go forward with the confidence that right makes might, and with the commitment to forge an America that is safer, a world that is more secure, and a future that represents not the deepest of fears but the highest of hopes.(Applause.)Thank you.God bless you.May God bless the United States of America.(Applause.)Thank you very much.Thank you.(Applause.)

第五篇：奧巴馬就職演講

美國歷屆總統就職演說之---第44任總統Barack Obama的就職演講稿

Inaugural Address of Barack Obama My fellow citizens: I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath.The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace.Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms.At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents.So it has been.So it must be with this generation of Americans.That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood.Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred.Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age.Homes have been lost;jobs shed;businesses shuttered.Our health care is too costly;our schools fail too many;and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics.Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land—a nagging fear that America’s decline is inevitable, that the next generation must lower its sights.Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real.They are serious and they are many.They will not be met easily or in a short span of time.But know this, America—they will be met.On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas that for far too long have strangled our politics.We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things.The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit;to choose our better history;to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given.It must be earned.Our journey has never been one of shortcuts or settling for less.It has not been the path for the faint-hearted—for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame.Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things—some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West;endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg;Normandy and Khe Sahn.Time and again these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life.They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions;greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.This is the journey we continue today.We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth.Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began.Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year.Our capacity remains undiminished.But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions—that time has surely passed.Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America.For everywhere we look, there is work to be done.The state of our economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act—not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth.We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together.We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology’s wonders to raise health care’s quality and lower its cost.We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories.And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age.All this we can do.All this we will do.Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions—who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans.Their memories are short.For they have forgotten what this country has already done;what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.17 What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them—that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply.The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works—whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified.Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward.Where the answer is no, programs will end.And those of us who manage the public’s dollars will be held to account—to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day—because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government.Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill.Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control—the nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous.The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our Gross Domestic Product, but on the reach of our prosperity;on the ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart—not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals.Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils that we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations.Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience’s sake.And so to all the other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and we are ready to lead once more.Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with the sturdy alliances and enduring convictions.They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please.Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use;our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.We are the keepers of this legacy.Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort—even greater cooperation and understanding between nations.We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan.With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet.We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken;you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness.We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus—and non-believers.We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth;and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass;that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve;that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself;and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace.To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect.To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society’s ills on the West—know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy.To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history;but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow;to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds.And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to the suffering outside our borders;nor can we consume the world’s resources without regard to effect.For the world has changed, and we must change with it.As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains.They have something to tell us, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages.We honor them not only because they are the guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service;a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves.And yet, at this moment—a moment that will define a generation—it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies.It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours.It is the firefighter’s courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent’s willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.Our challenges may be new.The instruments with which we meet them may be new.But those values upon which our success depends—honesty and hard work, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism—these things are old.These things are true.They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history.What is demanded then is a return to these truths.What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility—a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation, and the world, duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task.This is the price and the promise of citizenship.This is the source of our confidence—the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed—why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent mall, and why a man whose father less than sixty years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled.In the year of America’s birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river.The capital was abandoned.The enemy was advancing.The snow was stained with blood.At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people:

“Let it be told to the future world … that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive … that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet … it.”

America!In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words.With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come.Let it be said by our children’s children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter;and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God’s grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.Thank you.God bless you.And God bless the United States of America.巴拉克·侯賽因·奧巴馬，1961年8月4日生于美國夏威夷，父親巴拉克·侯賽因·奧巴馬一世是來自肯尼亞的黑人，穆斯林。母親是堪薩斯州的白人。是左撇子，這是美國總統史自40屆以來的第四位左撇子總統。

奧巴馬祖籍肯尼亞，是美國歷史上第一位具有黑人血統的總統。當然，美國社會對黑人和其他有色人種的種族歧視，至今仍然存在，解決種族歧視依然任重道遠。事實上，奧巴馬并沒有像很多美國黑人奴隸的后裔一樣在很多城市的貧民窟長大。他小時候是由他的白人祖父母撫養，他的童年中有很長時間是在印度尼西亞度過的。因此他的思維方式和美國白人或亞洲人比較接近。他本人從來也沒有在公開場合，承認自己是黑人，或者是非洲裔美國人，只承認自己是混血。

1983年畢業于哥倫比亞大學，1985年到芝加哥參加社會工作。1991年畢業于哈佛大學的法學院，是第一個擔任哈佛法學評論主編的所謂的 非洲裔美國人，并在此期間獲得了全國范圍的認可。1992年和米歇爾·拉沃恩·奧巴馬結婚，并生了二個女兒瑪麗亞 ·安· 奧巴馬（Malia Ann Obama）, 娜塔莎· 奧巴馬（Natasha Obama）。1996年，奧巴馬從芝加哥當選為伊利諾伊州國會參議員并在之后的3年中連任；2000年，在競選美國眾議院議員席位失敗后，奧巴馬將主要精力投入到伊利諾伊州的參議工作中。

2004年7月，美國民主黨召開全國代表大會，奧巴馬被指定在第二天做“基調演講”。（所謂“基調演講”，就是民主黨人闡述本黨的綱領和政策宣言，通常由本黨極有前途的政治新星來發表，1988年做“基調演講”的人就是時任阿肯色州州長的克林頓。）奧巴馬不負眾望，他親自撰寫演講稿，并發表了題為“無畏的希望”（The Audacity ofHope）慷慨激昂的演講。在演說中他提出消除黨派分歧和種族分歧、實現“一個美國”的夢想。該演講后，奧巴馬成為全美知名的政界人物。同年11月，奧巴馬順利的以高達70%的選票當選聯邦參議員。

2007年2月10日，奧巴馬在伊利諾伊州斯普林菲爾德市正式宣布參加2008年美國總統大選，并提出了重點在“完結伊拉克戰爭以及實施全民醫療保險制度”的競選綱領。2008年1月4日，在俄亥俄州民主黨初選大會上，奧巴馬贏得了38%的支持率，領先于知名度高于自己的約翰·愛德華茲以及希拉里·克林頓，在民主黨諸位候選人中領跑。2008年6月3日，奧巴馬票數領先于希拉里·克林頓，被定為民主黨總統候選人；同年8月23日，在民主黨全國代表大會上奧巴馬被正式提名，從而成為了美國歷史上首個非洲裔總統大選候選人。

2008年11月5日，奧巴馬擊敗共和黨候選人約翰·麥凱恩，正式當選為美國第四十四任總統。

2009年10月9日，據英國廣播公司報道，諾貝爾獎評審會稱，美國總統奧巴馬因“為增強國際外交及各國人民間的合作做出非同尋常的努力”而被授予2009諾貝爾和平獎。