第一篇：簡(jiǎn)愛讀后感中英翻譯

Jane Eyre — A Beautiful Soul

Jane Eyre, is a poor but aspiring, small in body but huge in soul, obscure but self-respecting girl.After we close the covers of the book, after having a long journey of the spirit, Jane Eyre, a marvelous figure, has left us so much to recall and to think:

We remember her goodness: for someone who lost arms and blinded in eyes, for someone who despised her for her ordinariness, and even for someone who had hurt her deeply in the past.We remember her pursuit of justice.It’s like a companion with the goodness.But still, a virtuous person should promote the goodness on one side and must check the badness on the other side.We remember her self-respect and the clear situation on equality.In her opinion, everyone is the same at the God’s feet.Though there are differences in status、in property and also in appearance, but all the human being are equal in personality.We also remember her striving for life, her toughness and her confidence…

When we think of this girl, what she gave us was not a pretty face or a transcendent temperament that make us admire deeply, but a huge charm of her personality.Actually, she wasn’t pretty, and of course, the ordinary appearance didn’t make others feel good of her, even her own aunt felt disgusted with it.And some others even thought that she was easy to look down on and to tease, so when Miss Ingram met Jane Eyre, she seemed quite contemptuous, for that she was obviously much more prettier than ‘the plain and ugly governess’.But as the little governess had said: ‘Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong!’ This is the idea of equality in Jane Eyre’s mind.God hadn’t given her beauty and wealth, but instead, God gave her a kind mind and a thinking brain.Her idea of equality and self-respect impress us so much and let us feel the power inside her body.In my mind, though a person’s beauty on the face can make others once feel that one is attractive and charming, if his or her mind isn’t the same beautiful as the appearance, such as beauty cannot last for, when others find that the beauty which had charmed them was only a falsity, it’s not true, they will like the person no more.For a long

time, only a person’s GREat virtue, a noble soul, a beautiful heart can be called as AN EVERLASTING BEAUTY, just as Kahill Gibran has said, that ‘Beauty is a heart enflamed and a soul enchanted’.I can feel that how beauty really is, as we are all fleshly men, so we can’t distinguish whether a man is of nobleness or humbleness, but fleshly men, so we can’t distinguish whether a man is of nobleness or humbleness, but as there are great differences in our souls, and from that, we can know that whether a man is noble or ordinary, and even obscure, that is, whether he is beautiful or not.Her story makes us thinking about life and we learn much from her experience, at least, that is a fresh new recognition of the real beauty.簡(jiǎn)愛-一個(gè)美麗的靈魂

簡(jiǎn)愛，是一個(gè)貧窮但有抱負(fù)，身體小，但在靈魂，晦澀，而自尊的女孩，巨大的。之后，我們關(guān)閉了書的封面后，有精神，簡(jiǎn)愛，一個(gè)了不起的數(shù)字，漫長(zhǎng)的旅途中，已經(jīng)離開了我們這么多的回顧和思考：

我們還記得她的長(zhǎng)處：有人誰失去了武器和眼睛失明的人誰瞧不起她，她的平凡，甚至有人把她深深誰在過去的傷害。

我們還記得她的正義追求。它像一個(gè)善良與伴侶。即便如此，一個(gè)善良的人應(yīng)該促進(jìn)一方的善良和必須檢查的另一邊badness。

我們還記得她的自我尊重和平等明確的情況。她認(rèn)為，每個(gè)人都在神的腳一樣。雖然有不同的地位，財(cái)產(chǎn)以及在外觀，但所有的人都是平等的人格。

我們還記得她對(duì)生命的奮斗，她的韌性和她的信心...當(dāng)我們認(rèn)為這個(gè)女孩，她給我們的不是一個(gè)漂亮的臉蛋或超越的氣質(zhì)，令我們深感欽佩，但對(duì)她個(gè)性的巨大魅力。

其實(shí)，她不漂亮，當(dāng)然，普通的外觀并沒有讓別人覺得她的好，甚至連她的姑姑感到厭惡它。

還有一些人甚至認(rèn)為她很容易被瞧不起和梳理下來，所以當(dāng)英格拉姆小姐會(huì)見了簡(jiǎn)愛，她似乎相當(dāng)不屑，因?yàn)樗粒@然比'平原和丑陋女教師'。但由于小姆曾說過：'你想，因?yàn)槲也睿：皆托。覜]有靈魂和良心？你想錯(cuò)了！'這是在簡(jiǎn)愛的精神平等的觀念。上帝沒有給她的美貌和財(cái)富，而是，上帝給了她一種博大的胸懷和大腦思維。她的想法平等和自尊給人的印象那么多，讓我們感受到她的身體內(nèi)的權(quán)力。

在我看來，雖然一個(gè)人的面部美容可以使別人一旦覺得有是有吸引力的迷人，如果他或她的心是不一樣的美，如美麗的外觀，不能持續(xù)，當(dāng)別人發(fā)現(xiàn)美曾征服了大家只是一個(gè)虛假的，這不是真的，他們將像人而已。長(zhǎng)期以來，只有一個(gè)人最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，一個(gè)高尚的靈魂，一個(gè)美麗的心可以作為永恒的美容要求，正如Kahill紀(jì)伯倫所說，'美是想象激怒的心臟和靈魂迷惑'。我感覺到真的是如何美麗，因?yàn)槲覀兌际侨庥腥耍晕覀儾荒鼙鎰e一個(gè)人的高貴或謙遜的，但肉欲男人，所以我們不能區(qū)分一個(gè)人是否高貴或謙遜的是，但是，還有在我們的靈魂的巨大差異，以及，我們可以知道一個(gè)人是否高尚或普通，甚至模糊，也就是說，他是否美麗與否。

她的故事使我們思考我們的生活和學(xué)習(xí)她的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，更至少，這是一個(gè)新的真正的美新的認(rèn)識(shí)。

第二篇：合同翻譯中英

Contract Date : 合同日期

Contract Number : 合同編號(hào)

SALE & PURCHASE CONTRACT FOR BRAZIL IRON ORE FINES

巴西鐵礦石購銷合同

This contract(“Contract”)is made and entered into by and between:

這個(gè)合同（“合同”）是由以下雙方達(dá)成：

Seller :

賣方

Buyer :

買方

Whereas, the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the below-mentioned goods for Asia, on the terms and conditions stated below:

在此，在下述的情況條件下，買方同意購買，賣方同意銷售下文提及的貨物，：

CLAUSE 1 : DEFINITION 第一條： 定義

In this contract, the following terms shall, unless otherwise specifically defined, have the following meanings:在本合同中，除非另有特指，詞語均定義如下，(A)“Ore” means Iron Ore Fines of Brazil Origin.“礦石”指的是產(chǎn)地巴西的鐵礦石

(B)“U.S.Currency” means the currency of the United States of America freely transferable from and payable to an external account.“美元貨幣”指的是美國的自由可轉(zhuǎn)讓的且可支付外國帳戶的貨幣

(B)“Metric Tonne or MT” means a tonne equivalent to 1,000 Kilogram.公噸或MT 指的是等于1000千克的一噸。

(D)“Wet basis” means Ore in its natural wet state.“濕噸”指的礦石的自然重量

(E)“Dry basis” means Ore dried at 105 degrees Centigrade.“干噸”指的是105攝氏度干燥后的礦石。

(F)“DMT” means dry Metric Tonne

“DMT”指的是干噸重。

CLAUSE 2 : COMMODITY 第二條： 貨物

Ore 鐵

CLAUSE 3 : DELIVERY QUANTITY AND DELIVERY PERIOD 第三條 交貨數(shù)量和交付期限

Quantity :-----WMT(+/-10%)at Buyer’s Option

數(shù)量： ___濕噸（+/-10%）-買方意見

Loading Port : Rio de Janeiro port, Brazil(at Seller’s option)

裝船港：巴西里約熱內(nèi)盧-賣方意見

Discharging Port :----------/----------port, China(at Buyer’s option)

裝卸港： 中國 港-買方意見

Shipment : On or before--------------, 2006

裝船： 在 年 月 日 之前

CLAUSE 4 : GUARANTEED SPECIFICATIONS第四條： 質(zhì)量保證

Chemical composition(on Dry basis)化學(xué)成分（在干燥狀態(tài)）

Fe鐵 64.50 %(Rejection below 63.50%)拒絕低于63.5%

Al2O3 氧化鋁 2.0% max 不高于2.0%

SiO2 氧化硅 3.5% max 不高于3.5%

Sulphur 硫 0.01% max 不高于0.01%

Phosphorus 磷 0.06% max不高于0.06%

Free moisture content loss at 105 degrees Centigrade shall be 8.00% max.在105攝氏度失去的自然水分含量不能高于8%。

Physical composition(on Wet basis)物理成分（自然狀態(tài)下）

Size(mm)大小 +10 mm 5% max 不多于5% + 1 mm 80% min 不少于

0%-15 mm 15% max 不多于15%

CLAUSE 5 : PRICE 第5條 價(jià)格

US$ per DMT CIF------port, China(Incoterms 2000).The above price shall be based on 64.5% Fe.Rejection below Fe 63.5% based on CIQ analysis report at discharging port and also rejection below Fe 64.0% based on loading port analysis.__ 美元/干噸 CIF __ 中國港口(Incoterms 2000),這個(gè)價(jià)格是基于64.5%含鐵量的.賣方拒裝在出發(fā)港檢驗(yàn)中低于64%的,同樣買方拒收裝卸港CIQ檢驗(yàn)中低于63.5%含鐵的礦石.CLAUSE 6 : PRICE ADJUSTMENT 第6條 價(jià)格調(diào)整

The prices of Ore stipulated in Clause 5 hereof shall be adjusted by the following bonuses and penalties:第5條中合同規(guī)定的礦石價(jià)格需要被以下方式獎(jiǎng)罰調(diào)整.ORE CONTENT(Fe):含鐵量

BONUS : 獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)

For each 1.00% of Fe above 64.5%, the base price shall be increased by US$ 1.00 per DMT, fractions pro rata.含鐵量每比64.5%高1%,基本價(jià)格應(yīng)該提高1美金/干噸

PENALTY :處罰

For each 1.00% of Fe below 64.5%, the base price shall be decreased by US$ 1.00 per DMT, fractions pro rata.But Buyer has the right to reject Ore which is Fe content is below 63.5%.含鐵量每比64.5%低1%,基本價(jià)格應(yīng)降低1美金/干噸,但買方有權(quán)拒收含鐵量低于63.5%的.OTHER ELEMENTS(IMPURITIES):

If the composition of Ore in respect of Alumina(Al2O3), Silica(SiO2), Sulphur(S)and Phosphorus(P)exceeds the respective guaranteed maximum as set forth in Clause 4 hereof, Buyer shall accept such delivery of Ore by imposing penalties provided below, fractions pro rata.如果礦石的氧化硅,氧化鋁,硫,磷的成分超過了第四條內(nèi)容規(guī)定的保證值,買方應(yīng)接受交貨.按比例處以(賣方)罰金,a)Al2O3 氧化鋁

US$ 5(Five)cents per DMT for each 1.00% in excess of 2.00% 含量超過2%的,每增加1%,罰以0.5美元一干噸

b)SiO2 氧化硅

US$ 5(Five)cents per DMT for each 1.00% in excess of 3.50%.含量每超過3.5%,的,每增加1%, 0.5美元一干噸

c)S(Sulphur)硫

US$ 5(Five)cents per DMT for each 0.01% in excess of 0.01%.含量每超過0.01%,的,每增加0.01%, 0.5美元一干噸

d)P(Phosphorus)磷

US$ 5(Five)cents per DMT for each 0.01% in excess of 0.06% 含量每超過0.06%,的,每增加0.01%, 0.5美元一干噸

MOISTURE : 水分

In the event that the free moisture loss at 105 degrees Centigrade exceeds the respective guaranteed maximum as set forth in Clause 4 here

of, Seller shall pay Buyer half of the actual freight attributable to moisture content over 8% up to 9% including 9% and full actual freight attributable to moisture content over 9%.當(dāng)?shù)V石在105攝氏度下蒸發(fā)的自然水分超過第四條所承諾的最大值時(shí),賣方應(yīng)賠付買方:

1)水分的一半運(yùn)費(fèi) 大于8% 小于等于9%時(shí);2)水分的全部運(yùn)費(fèi) 大于9%時(shí)

CLAUSE 7 : PAYMENT

第7條 交付方式

Buyer shall open within seven(7)working days after the date of this contract, on at sight Letter of Credit(“L/C”)in favor of Seller providing for payment of the full invoice value of quantity of Ore.The LC should contain the following terms and conditions:買方應(yīng)在簽訂合同后的7個(gè)工作日內(nèi),開可見信用證 信用證應(yīng)符合以下條款條件:

(i)The L/C shall be issued or transferred by First Class Bank.All banking charges outside the L/C issuing bank including reimbursing charges and confirmation charges are for the account of the Beneficiary.信用證應(yīng)由一級(jí)銀行開證并轉(zhuǎn)交,所有除開證行之外的銀行費(fèi)用,包括支付行費(fèi)用和保兌費(fèi)用,由受益人支付.(ii)L/C shall allow for 10% more or less in value and quantity.信用證價(jià)值和數(shù)量應(yīng)允許10%的增減.(iii)Charter party bills of lading acceptable.租約項(xiàng)下提單可接受

(iv)Third party documents acceptable except for Draft and Invoice.(v)Partial shipment allowed.(vi)Trans-shipment not allowed.(vii)Spelling and other typographical errors are not considered as discrepancies.(A)Provisional Payment

The aforesaid L/C shall be payable against Seller’s sight draft(s)for the amount of ninety-five(95)percent of the CIF value of the shipment accompanied by the documents as stipulated in Clause 8 hereof.The Certificate of Weight issued by SGS Brazil Private, Ltd.(“SGS Brazil”)in Brazil by survey of ship’s draft together with the Certificate of Analysis of sample and of the percentage of the free moisture loss at 105 degrees Centigrade issued by SGS Brazil shall be a basis for the Seller’s provisional invoice for the provisional payment.(B)Final Payment

The balance(+/-)of the CIF value of the shipment after the provisional payment to Seller shall be settled in accordance with Seller’s draft payable at sight together with the final invoice and the documents stated in Clause 8.(2)hereof or by telegraphic transfer by Seller to Buyer in accordance with Buyer’s debit note to Seller together with the documents(except Seller’s final invoice)stated in Clause

8.(2)hereof within ten(10)days from the date of receipt of the said documents, as the case may be.The validity of the L/C should be maintained in accordance with the above.Seller’s final invoice or Buyer’s debit note for the settlement of the balance of the CIF value of the shipment shall be based on the certificate issued by the State General Administration of the People’s Republic of China for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine or its branches(collectively “CIQ China”)as provided in Clause 8 and Clause 9 hereof.If an umpire analysis is required under the Clause 10 hereof, payment adjustment arising from this will be made when the umpire’s certificate is available.If Buyer is not able to submit to Seller the Inspection Certificate issued by CIQ China as per Clause 9 hereof within seventy five(75)days after the completion of discharging, the Draft Survey Certificate of Weight and Certificate of Analysis at loading port shall be the base of the final invoice or debit note.If the cargo is rejected based on CIQ analysis report Seller shall refund the amount vide Clause 7(A)Provisional Payment, within 30 days after the receipt of the CIQ analysis report.Buyer’s banking details:

Bank Name :

Bank Address :

Seller’s bank details:

Bank Name :

Bank Address :

第三篇：中英翻譯差異

漢英文化差異對(duì)英語翻譯的影響

【摘要】翻譯活動(dòng)并不是簡(jiǎn)單的文字轉(zhuǎn)換，而是把一種語言轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種語言的工作，因而是一種跨文化的活動(dòng)。而各個(gè)民族的生活環(huán)境和生活經(jīng)歷不同造成了他們所創(chuàng)造的文化之間也具有巨大差異，這種差異又造成了各自語言上的巨大差異。這些差異對(duì)譯者翻譯過程以及翻譯翻譯結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性產(chǎn)生巨大影響。本文將從地理位置、宗教信仰、生活習(xí)慣和習(xí)俗、以及詞義聯(lián)想和文化意象共四個(gè)方面探討中西方文化的差異對(duì)翻譯活動(dòng)的影響。【關(guān)鍵詞】漢英文化 英語翻譯 差異 影響

引言

語言是社會(huì)現(xiàn)象,也是文化現(xiàn)象,語言反映文化,又受文化的制約,語言與文化的密切關(guān)系注定了翻譯與文化的關(guān)系。根據(jù)一般概念, 翻譯是將一種語言的信息用另一種語言表達(dá)出來的活動(dòng)。這個(gè)概念只提及語言的信息, 未提到文化的信息, 是不完整的概念。世界上不同的民族和地域的人們創(chuàng)造了具有各自特點(diǎn)的民族地域文化，這種文化上的差異造成了各自語言的巨大差異，所以翻譯不僅是把一種語言轉(zhuǎn)換成另外一種語言的工作。更是文化上的交流活動(dòng)。我國著名學(xué)者王佐良教授在談到文化與翻譯的關(guān)系時(shí)指出: “翻譯工作者處理的是個(gè)別的詞, 他面對(duì)的則是兩大片文化。”

一、漢英的地理位置差異與英語翻譯

一定的文化實(shí)體總是存在于一定的空間地域內(nèi)的，因此它不可避免地要反映該地域的自然特點(diǎn)與物產(chǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的特點(diǎn)，具體反映在語言上也有所不同。在用自然景觀或物體作比較時(shí)，不同的語言表現(xiàn)就存在明顯的差異。就拿中國和英國相比，以英國為例，英國四周環(huán)海，是一個(gè)典型的島國，并且在歷史上英國的航海業(yè)非常發(fā)達(dá)，曾一度領(lǐng)先于其他國家，因而英語中與海洋有關(guān)的詞語和表達(dá)就特別豐富。中國則不同，中國有2/3 的邊界線在陸地上，文化的繁榮興盛起源于中原。中華民族世代在亞洲大陸生活并繁衍，生活的方方面面都離不開土地，所以他們對(duì)土地有一種特殊的感情。在語言中也潛移默化體現(xiàn)與土地的關(guān)系，如，漢語“揮金如土”，比喻鋪張浪費(fèi)，花錢大手大腳，而英語中則用“spend money like water” 此外，英語中有大量關(guān)于船和水的俗語和習(xí)語，而在漢語中卻找不到完全相同的對(duì)應(yīng)，如: “all at sea”（指不知所措）、“as close as an oyster”（指守口如瓶）、“drink like a fish”（指豪飲）等等。中國人經(jīng)常用“天南地北”來表達(dá)對(duì)祖國幅員遼闊的贊嘆，而英國人則用“from sea to sea”來表達(dá)國土面積的意思。

“東風(fēng)”和“西風(fēng)”在中西文化中有著不同的解讀，這也是由國家的地理環(huán)境的差異造成的。中國西鄰高山，東臨大海，東風(fēng)就是溫暖春天的象征，所以中國人偏愛東風(fēng)，故素有“西風(fēng)凜冽”與“東風(fēng)送暖”之辭。而英國卻擁有完全不同的地貌與氣候，它西鄰大西洋，東面與歐洲大陸相望，西風(fēng)溫暖而濕潤(rùn)，東風(fēng)反而寒冷。英國人對(duì)西風(fēng)的喜愛在雪萊的《西風(fēng)頌》中表現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致，詩中有這么一句：“Oh the west wind.If winter comes, can spring be far behind.”（啊，西風(fēng)！假如冬天已經(jīng)來臨，春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎？）如果不了解英國的地理環(huán)境，譯者在翻譯這個(gè)句子時(shí)可能就會(huì)感到困惑：為什么雪萊會(huì)歌頌寒冷的西風(fēng)呢？因此，這種地理環(huán)境的差異有時(shí)會(huì)給翻譯帶來較大的困難。

二、漢英雙方宗教信仰差異與英漢翻譯

在語言漫長(zhǎng)的發(fā)展歷史中，宗教的影響是不容小覷的，各國的語言或多或少都會(huì)沾染上些許宗教色彩。英國人大多信基督教，按照基督教的理解，世界和宇宙是上帝創(chuàng)造的，這個(gè)世上的萬事萬物都要服從上帝的旨意。在中國則大多數(shù)人信奉佛教，在他們心中，由各派佛祖主宰這個(gè)世界。中英文中都有大量與宗教信仰相關(guān)的詞語，中文里有“借花獻(xiàn)佛”、“放下屠刀，立地成佛”等說法。在西方國家，人們表示對(duì)對(duì)方的祝福時(shí)常會(huì)說“God bless you!”，在鼓勵(lì)灰心喪氣的朋友時(shí)，人們通常會(huì)說“God helps those who help themselves”（天助自助者）。與宗教有關(guān)的典故在翻譯工作中也很常見。如：“The thing I bought yesterday am found to be an apple of Sodom.” 中的“an apple of Sodom” 便是出自于圣經(jīng)中的一個(gè)典故。據(jù)圣經(jīng)《舊約·創(chuàng)世紀(jì)》記載, 所多瑪是古代死海邊上的一座城市, 由于那里的居民驕奢淫逸, 罪大惡極, 上帝降火燒毀了這座城,城中的百姓、莊稼和牲畜全都化為灰燼, 傳說在那里的死海邊上長(zhǎng)著一種外表美麗、摘下便成為灰燼的蘋果。后來, “an apple of Sodom” 比喻罪惡的城市, 罪惡之地。只有了解這一典故, 才能正確譯成：“我發(fā)現(xiàn)昨天買的東西外表好看卻實(shí)際無用。”如果譯者不熟悉圣經(jīng)里的這個(gè)典故，那么他在翻譯的時(shí)候就不能準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出原文的意思。

三、生活習(xí)慣和習(xí)俗的差異與英語翻譯

我們常說: “ 一方水土養(yǎng)一方人。” 的確如此, 這其中也包含著文化的差異。漢語和英語是建立在不同文化基礎(chǔ)上的兩種語言, 它們各自反映著自己特殊的民族文化和歷史傳統(tǒng)。語言和文化是息息相關(guān)的, 有什么樣的文化, 就會(huì)有與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的語言來反映。

就拿數(shù)字來說，“8”在中國是一個(gè)吉利的數(shù)字，很多人在競(jìng)投車牌，電話號(hào)碼等的時(shí)候愿意花上一大筆錢，就只為了圖一個(gè)吉利。可是如果是拿這些數(shù)字給英國人，可能他們只會(huì)一笑而過甚至?xí)X得奇怪為什么要花那么多錢買一堆數(shù)字。稱謂上，中國人是講究尊卑大小，因此會(huì)有“舅舅”、“舅媽”、“叔叔”、“嬸嬸”等的稱謂。可是在英語的 “uncle”、“aunt”這兩個(gè)詞就代替了這些稱謂的麻煩。中國人性格上是比較內(nèi)斂的，而外國人則思想相對(duì)比較開放。因而在生活上，中國人都喜歡委婉的表達(dá)自己的情感，比如：某人稱贊某個(gè)人的女兒很漂亮?xí)r，中國人一般會(huì)說：“哪里，哪里。”以表達(dá)自己的謙虛。如果把這幾句直接翻譯過來就會(huì)鬧出笑話：“Your daughter is beautiful.” “where, where.”所以在翻譯這類詞語時(shí)，譯者一定要考慮到不同的生活習(xí)俗對(duì)日常表達(dá)的影響，千萬不能僵硬地采用直譯來傳達(dá)原文的意思。除此之外，中國人見面很喜歡問別人：“你吃飯了沒。”但是英國人則是喜歡見面就討論今天的天氣，兩個(gè)極端反映出雙方文化的差異。如果在翻譯的時(shí)候沒有這些文化內(nèi)涵作為根基，那么譯者也很難把真正的意思翻譯出來。

四、詞義聯(lián)想和文化意象與翻譯

由于英漢兩個(gè)民族生活環(huán)境和生活經(jīng)歷的不同, 在詞義聯(lián)想和文化意象上必然存在著一些差異。例如: 對(duì)“dragon”一詞的理解中西差異就很大, 中國人視之為神圣, 尊貴的象征, 因而望子成龍，稱自己為龍的傳人；而在西方人的眼中, 龍卻是嘴里噴火的四足怪物, 在《圣經(jīng)》 里是罪惡的象征。就拿“龍鳳胎”一詞舉例，我們不能翻譯成： “A baby dragon and a baby phoenix”那樣很容易讓西方人誤解，甚至大為吃驚，感到不可思議。正確的譯文應(yīng)該是：“pigeon pair”。同樣西方人對(duì)“dog” 的看法也與中國人大相徑庭, 英語中含有“dog” 的習(xí)語很多, 大多表示喜愛的感情, 例如:“ a lucky dog”(幸運(yùn)兒)；“ Every dog has his day.”(凡人皆有得意日。)等等, 而漢語中卻說“痛打落水狗”“走狗”等,大多含有貶義。

中華文化五千年，其中最為璀璨而西方又無法相比的就是唐詩。中國的唐詩分門別類，有四言絕句，八言律詩等。中國詩人可以用用寥寥數(shù)十字去表達(dá)一個(gè)絕美的意境，就以《靜夜思》為例：“床前明月光，疑是地上霜。舉頭望明月，低頭思故鄉(xiāng)。”16字就已經(jīng)把詩人的思念之前形象生動(dòng)地表達(dá)出來。若是把這16字翻譯為英文，那么字?jǐn)?shù)肯定是超過原來的詩句，最重要的是詩句原來的意境也不復(fù)存在。又例如，中文中常有：“好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上”之說。英文中卻是沒有的，中國人自行翻譯為：“Good good study, day day up.”明顯就違反了英語的日常用法。又如：“If the public officials of higher authorities resort to bribery, those of lower authorities will follow.This is called：Fish begins to stink at the head.”以中國人的思維，或會(huì)翻譯出：“上級(jí)公務(wù)員行賄受賄, 下級(jí)公務(wù)員也會(huì)效仿。這叫：魚從頭開始發(fā)臭。”完全的中國式英語，被中文思維所以困擾，所以才會(huì)出現(xiàn)最后一句翻譯的笑話。以上種種課看出中英雙方的思維差異之大，以此導(dǎo)致雙方在詞義聯(lián)想以及意境上有巨大的差別。所以在進(jìn)行翻譯的時(shí)候，譯者不能只顧轉(zhuǎn)換語言符號(hào)而忽略非語言符號(hào)的結(jié)果。以‘Fish begins to stink at the head.’為例，它的英語文化涵義是什么? 怎樣把這層意義轉(zhuǎn)化到漢語譯文中來, 使其也具有類似的漢語文化內(nèi)涵, 換句話說，就是把這短短的英文句子翻譯出具有中國風(fēng)味的句子。這就需要譯者有兩種文化的詞義聯(lián)想和文化意象，將‘Fish begins to stink at the head.’與中文中的某些詞句來年息起來，再根據(jù)語境得出翻譯的結(jié)果，這樣的句子才會(huì)更加“有味道”。而正確的譯文應(yīng)為：“上級(jí)公務(wù)員行賄受賄, 下級(jí)公務(wù)員也會(huì)效仿，這叫： 上行下效(或上梁不正下梁歪)。”上行下效或上梁不正下梁歪都是漢語習(xí)語, 寓意深刻, 能夠較好地對(duì)接‘Fish begins to stink at the head.’中的文化內(nèi)涵。結(jié)語

本文通過地理、宗教、生活習(xí)慣和習(xí)俗、以及在詞義聯(lián)想和文化意象四方面對(duì)漢英翻譯的關(guān)系，初步地了解漢英文化差異對(duì)英語翻譯的影響。我們可以看到，文化的差異給詞語的表達(dá)打上了深深的文化烙印，語言承載豐富的文化內(nèi)涵。而翻譯不僅要力求語言意義上的等值，而且更重要的是文化意義上的等值。要想翻譯出完美的作品，譯者就必須在理解詞的內(nèi)涵上下功夫，深入了解譯出語和譯入語之間的文化差異，對(duì)譯文做出綜合判斷，選擇合適的翻譯技巧，只有把文化和語言能力有機(jī)結(jié)合，才能做好翻譯工作。

參考文獻(xiàn)

⑴楊立剛.試析漢英文化差異與翻譯.黑龍江教育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2004(6):99.⑵張捷.試論漢英文化差異對(duì)翻譯的影響.吉林師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2011(3):54 ⑶劉法公.漢英文化差異與漢英翻譯信息障礙.外語與外語教學(xué).2000(12):45

第四篇：英語中英翻譯

exclusive privileges 獨(dú)有的特權(quán)

better off 更好的

national income 國民收入

business investment expenditure 企業(yè)投資支出 replacement cost 重置成本

short-distance distribution 短途配送 downtown business district 市中心商業(yè)區(qū) checkout counter 結(jié)賬柜臺(tái) the required reserve 準(zhǔn)備金 self-sufficient 自給自足的 shopping centre 購物中心 know-how 專有技術(shù)

floating captial流動(dòng)資本 economies of scale 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)

talk show 談話節(jié)目

viewer demographics 觀眾人口統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù) the peculiar powers 獨(dú)特的力量 foreign-trade zones 對(duì)外貿(mào)易區(qū) investment demand 投資需求 outlying villages 偏遠(yuǎn)的村莊 advertising media 廣告媒體 a change in situation 形式的變化 captial equipment 資本設(shè)備

原材料Raw material 產(chǎn)品統(tǒng)一條形碼 The unified product bar code 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化集裝箱Standard container 貿(mào)易差額Balance of trade 名勝古跡historical interest 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)Scale economy 壟斷性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)Monopolistic competition 補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易Compensation trade 赤字 in the red 原始資本積累 Primitive accumulation of capital

無形貿(mào)易Invisible trade 定期存款賬戶Deposit account 市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)Market economy 商業(yè)銀行Commercial Bank 生產(chǎn)資料The means of production 文明世界The civilized world 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施Infrastructure 額外儲(chǔ)備金The extra reserves 保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)Insurance premium 直接稅Direct tax 醫(yī)療設(shè)備 Medical device 人造絲Artificial silk 批量生產(chǎn)Batch production 攜手合作Work together 壟斷性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)Monopolistic competition 在和平時(shí)期In times of peace 保險(xiǎn)單Insurance policy 成本效益Cost effectiveness 提單 bill of lading 財(cái)政危機(jī)Financial crisis 人際關(guān)系Interpersonal relationship 每隔幾分鐘 every free minutes 保守秘密Keep a secret 國家稅務(wù)State Taxation 生活方式 Way of life 兩份報(bào)紙 two copies of newspaper

一塊肥皂 a bar of soap

一件家具 a piece of furniture

一把剪刀 a pair of scissors

丟棄 throw away

陷入困境 get into trouble

工業(yè)產(chǎn)品 industrial goods

農(nóng)產(chǎn)品 agriculture goods

一輩子一次性的收獲 a one-in-a-lifetime acquisition

沒有出路的工作 a dead-end job

付一大筆錢 pay good money

過時(shí) be out of fashion

流行 be in the fashion

批量生產(chǎn) mass-production

降低成本 lower the cost

在起作用 be at work

物美價(jià)廉的產(chǎn)品 better quality products at good values

所得稅 income tax

投放市場(chǎng) put on the market

小批量 in limited quantities

大量地 in large quantities

要求 ask for

下降 go down

從商go into business

努力做某事 strive to do sth.醫(yī)療設(shè)備 medical device

劣質(zhì)產(chǎn)品 inferior products

一條面包 a loaf of bread

溫和寬容的 easy-going

人造絲 artificial silk

假牙 artificial teeth

對(duì)?有害 be harmful to

警惕 be on guard

認(rèn)為某事當(dāng)然 take sth for granted

由?組成 be composed of

一個(gè)中年婦女 a middle-aged women

一些性格開朗的女孩 an open-minded girl

一個(gè)意志軟弱的人 a weak-minded man

一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人 a strong-minded soldier

遭受 suffer from

由于壓力 as a result of stress

警告信號(hào) warning signals

交通阻塞 traffic jam

指出 point out

逃離 run away from

自殺 commit suicide

從事攝影 take up photography

高度工業(yè)化國家 a highly industrialized country

工業(yè)生產(chǎn) industrial production

制成品 manufactured goods

領(lǐng)先 take over the lead

失去領(lǐng)先地位 lose one's lead

赤字 in the red

就?而言 as far as ? is concerned

易手 change hands

賺錢 earn money

金融中心 a financial centre

貿(mào)易中心 a commercial centre

國際貿(mào)易 international trade

外貿(mào) foreign trade

商船船隊(duì) a merchant fleet

巨額金錢 vast sums of money

一大筆錢 a large sum of money

對(duì)付，處理 deal with

有形貿(mào)易 visible trade

無形貿(mào)易 invisible trade

貿(mào)易差額 trade gap

失血 loss of blood

高度機(jī)械化的工廠 highly mechanized factory

產(chǎn)品統(tǒng)一條形碼 universal product code

黑白相間的條紋 zebra stripes(or black and white stripes)

斑馬線 zebra crossing

油炸土豆片 potato chips

炸薯?xiàng)l French fries

黑白電視機(jī) black and white televisions

墨畫 black and white

身上青一塊紫一塊 be black and blue

光學(xué)掃描器 an optical scanner

激光束 laser beam

目的是 be designed to

消滅，消除 do away with

付賬后離開 check out

到達(dá)登記 check in

現(xiàn)金出納機(jī) cash register

在左邊 on the left side

收款臺(tái) check out counter

原材料 raw materials

制成品 manufactured goods

近在手邊 at hand

衣夾 clothes-peg

曬衣繩 clothes-line

桌布 a tablecloth

洗碗布 a dishcloth

洗碗機(jī) a dishwasher

原始人 primitive people

現(xiàn)代人 modern people

穿著 be dressed in

從?上刮去 scrape?from

把?紡成? spin?into?

把?制成make?into

4000萬年前 over four thousand years ago

在遠(yuǎn)古時(shí) in the time immemorial

富人和窮人一樣 the rich and the poor alike

想到 think of

剪去 cut off

講故事 spin a yarn

保守秘密 keep a secret 直接稅 direct taxes

間接稅 indirect taxes

收入所得稅 income taxes

納稅人 taxpayer

稅務(wù)員 tax-collector

免稅的 tax-free

國稅 state taxes

地方稅 local taxes

窮人 the poor

富人 the rich

年輕人 the young

老年人the old

高達(dá) as high as

以?形勢(shì) in the form of

政府機(jī)關(guān) government offices

憑借 by means of

在某個(gè)星期一的早晨 on a Monday morning

在星期一的早晨 on Monday morning

乘火車 take train

乘公共汽車 take bus

布萊克一家 the Blacks

向某人道別 say goodbye to sb.向某人道歉 say sorry to sb.每隔幾分鐘 every few minutes

每隔一天 every other day

每隔一行 every other line

不久以后 shortly afterwards

通向 lead to

抓牢 hold on to

一打雞蛋 a dozen eggs

在陽光下 in the sun

注意 pay attention to

繼續(xù)作某事 keep(on)doting

好像 as if

自信 self-confidence

自信的 self-confident

自大的 self-important

自助的 self-service

自給自足的 self-sufficient

自學(xué)的 self-taught

一般的 in general

確信 be sure of

習(xí)慣于 become accustomed to

抱怨 complain about

說實(shí)話 tell the truth

說謊 tell a lie

適用于 apply to

處理 deal with

依賴于 depend on

必修課 a required course

同?相處 get along with

考慮 think about

日復(fù)一日 from day to day

從始自終 from beginning to end

每況愈下 from bad to worse

減速 slow down

在使用中 in use

不再使用 out of use

免費(fèi)入場(chǎng) admission free

免所得稅 free of income tax

免費(fèi)獲得某物get sth.free

再步行一段路即可到達(dá)的距離之內(nèi) within walking distance

探知，查明 find out

得到以下結(jié)論 come to the conclusion that

得出結(jié)論 draw a conclusion

交通高峰時(shí)間 rush hours

交通擁擠 traffic jams

援助計(jì)劃 aid program

視覺教具 visual aids

助聽器 hearing-aid

捏粘土 work clay

揉面團(tuán) work dough

一定數(shù)量的 a certain amount of

大量地 in large amounts

小額地 in small amounts

優(yōu)于 be superior to

劣于 be inferior to

把?與?相混合 mix?with?

把?與?分開 separate?from

把?分成 separate?into

用盡 use up

表現(xiàn)了?的特點(diǎn) be characteristic of

究竟，到底 on earth

五大湖區(qū) the Grate Lakes region

通知某人某事 inform sb of sth.利用 take advantage of

準(zhǔn)備某事 be ready to do sth.很容易拿到 within easy reach

夠不到 out of reach

想出，熟思 think out

在人力方面 in terms of manpower

在理論上 in terms of theory

投資于 invest in

以?代替? replace?with?

創(chuàng)新進(jìn)步innovational advances

大波動(dòng) major fluctuations

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，帶頭 take the lead

成群，大批 in a swarm

一大群螞蟻 a swarm of ants

生產(chǎn)資料 means of production

大量購買 buy in bulk

參考書 reference book

面對(duì)?困難 come up against

利息率，利率 the interest rate

貨幣市場(chǎng) money market

企業(yè)投資支出 business investment expenditure

不愿做某事 be reluctant to do

和?聯(lián)系在一起 be associated with

與?有關(guān)系 be related to

歸因于 ascribe to

規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì) economies of scale

以空前的速度 at an unprecedented rate

換句話說 to put it in somewhat different words

成功地做成某事 succeed in doing sth

壓出，榨取 squeeze?out of

每一單位投入 every unit of input

多于，超過 in excess of

過渡 to excess

在非常有利的條件下 under extremely favorable conditions

優(yōu)于，勝過 be superior to

劣于，次于 be inferior to

在春末 in late spring

企圖做某事，嘗試做某事 attempt at doing sth

攻擊，襲擊attempt on

拆開，拆散 take sth apart

國民生產(chǎn)總值 Gross National Product(GNP)

生產(chǎn)性投資 productive investment

與?并駕齊驅(qū) keep pace with

由于?的原因owing to

因?值得受到稱贊 deserve credit for

與?對(duì)照，與?對(duì)比 as opposed to

外匯分配 foreign exchange allocations

停止 leave off

可自由支配的收入 disposable income

對(duì)?負(fù)責(zé) be responsible for

準(zhǔn)備，籌備 provide for

到現(xiàn)在為止 as yet

彌補(bǔ) make up for

政府支出 government expenditures

消費(fèi)支出consumption expenditures

時(shí)間滯差 a time lag

總計(jì)，合計(jì) in the aggregate

集中精力于 concentrate on

與?有很大關(guān)系 have a lot to do with

與?無關(guān)系 have nothing to do with

逐漸獲得，逐漸建立 built up

免稅 tax exemptions

技術(shù)，技能 know-how

擦去 wipe away

辨別，區(qū)別 distinguish one thing from another

建于?之上 be based on/upon

獨(dú)有的特權(quán)exclusive privileges

獨(dú)家代理權(quán) exclusive agency

商標(biāo) trademark

商品名稱 trade name

同類賣價(jià)，批發(fā)價(jià)格 trade price

關(guān)于 with respect to

不管，不顧慮 without respect to

公平交易 fair dealing

使?與?相關(guān)聯(lián) attach?to?

就?之限度，在?范圍內(nèi) so far as

無形因素 intangible factors

無形資產(chǎn) intangible assets

對(duì)某事加以考慮 take sth into account

大約，多少有一點(diǎn) more or less

廣泛的興趣 a wide range of interest

相當(dāng)獨(dú)特 fairly individual

顯著，杰出 stand out

反之亦然 vice versa

壟斷性競(jìng)爭(zhēng) monopolistic competition

常常 more often than not

純粹的壟斷 pure monopoly

純粹的競(jìng)爭(zhēng) pure competition

純粹浪費(fèi)時(shí)間 a pure waste of time

至于 as for

需求曲線 demand curve

概言之，一般說來 in general

阻止某人做某事 preclude sb from doing sth

排除所有誤解 preclude all misunderstanding

需求計(jì)劃 demand schedule

與?競(jìng)爭(zhēng) in competition with

不完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)市場(chǎng) imperfectly competitive market

與?配對(duì) be paired with

以任意的形勢(shì) in random fashion

與?合并 be merged with

有幾分，稍稍 in some measure

把?至于顯著地位 bring into the foreground

產(chǎn)生 arise from

部分獨(dú)立 partial independence

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)文獻(xiàn) economic literature

給?以其應(yīng)有分量 give due weight to

集中精力于 focus attention on

觀點(diǎn) point of view

與?不協(xié)調(diào) out of harmony with

與?協(xié)調(diào) in harmony with

經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的代價(jià)the cost of economic growth

不惜任何代價(jià)，無論如何 at all costs

喪失，犧牲 at the cost of

勢(shì)如破竹的勝利 an overwhelming victory

極度的悲哀 overwhelming sorrow

絕大部分公民 the overwhelming number of its citizens

渴望，向往 yearn for

繼續(xù)，連續(xù) a continuation of

為?奮斗 struggle for

心醉于，被迷倒 be charmed with

踩，踐踏 tread on sth

踩在某人的腳趾上 tread on sb's toes

相互追逐 tread on each other's heels

得意洋洋 tread on air

與某人禍福與共 cast in one's lot with sb

決不是，絕對(duì)不 anything but

盼望，期待 look forward to

結(jié)果，因此 in consequence

富裕繁榮的社會(huì) the affluent society

在富裕的環(huán)境中 in affluent circumstances

對(duì)?滿意 be content with

豐富的飲食 food and drink in abundance

過著豐衣足食的生活 live in abundance

依次，輪流 in turn

趕上瓊斯家 keep up with the Joneses

趕上，不落后 Keep up with sb/sth

繼續(xù)作某事 deep on doing sth

更富有，跟舒服 be better off

生產(chǎn)商誘導(dǎo)而產(chǎn)生的需要 producer-induced demand 成為?之一部分 enter into sth

自然增長(zhǎng)或產(chǎn)生 accrue from sth

英國的工業(yè)革命 the English Industrial Revolution

傳統(tǒng)的生活方式 traditional pattern of life

僅僅，只不過 nothing but

等于 amount to

不是，而是 not?but?

吸引?的注意 get the attention of

食品雜貨店 grocery store

為?競(jìng)爭(zhēng) compete for

干得好 do a good job

記在心里 remain in one's mind

收款臺(tái) checkout counter

國營公司 state-owned company

合資公司 joint ventures

白雪覆蓋的山頂 snow-covered peak

糖衣藥丸 sugar-coated pills

營業(yè)時(shí)間 business hors

因公 on business

開始談?wù)?get down to business

激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng) strong competition

通貨膨脹 inflation

順差 surplus

城市商業(yè)區(qū) downtown business district

保險(xiǎn)業(yè) insurance

不斷的 never-ending

受限于 be limited by

被認(rèn)為是 be perceived as

把?局限于 confine?to

為了一切有實(shí)用價(jià)值的目的 for all practical purposes

能夠做 in the position to do

使?變成 turn?to

對(duì)?有影響 have an effect on

總綱 general principles

以?為目的 be aimed at

與?相關(guān)的 relate to

與?聯(lián)系在一起 associate with

太陽能 solar power

受?的控制 be subjected to

引入 lead up

通訊系統(tǒng) communication system

能源危機(jī) an energy crisis

財(cái)政危機(jī) a financial crisis

業(yè)余畫家 an amateur painter

業(yè)余攝影家 an amateur photographer

道德的基礎(chǔ) the basis of morality

柱基 the base of a pillar

自然現(xiàn)象 the phenomena of nature

故意的 on purpose

商業(yè)銀行 a commercial bank

金融機(jī)構(gòu) a financial institution

金融中心 a financial centre

財(cái)政困難 in financial difficulties

與生俱來的特權(quán) the privileges of birth

活期存款賬戶 checking accounts

定期存款賬戶 savings accounts

州政府 the state government

聯(lián)邦政府 the federal government

答應(yīng)一項(xiàng)幫助 grant a favor

答應(yīng)一項(xiàng)請(qǐng)求 grant a request

發(fā)給銀行執(zhí)照 grant a charter to the bank

一定量的資產(chǎn) a specified volume of assets

遵循一定的常規(guī) follow certain practices

隸屬于州的銀行 state banks

國家銀行 national banks

活期存款 demand deposits

與?相結(jié)合 couple with

部分準(zhǔn)備制的原理 the fractional reserve principle

在任何一次 at any one time

可用，握有 on hand

公債 government loans

內(nèi)債 domestic loans

外債 foreign loans

可能的買主 a prospective buyer

增加了 increase by

增加到 increase to

被看作 be counted as

防備取款 a precaution against withdrawals

追溯到 trace to

法定最低儲(chǔ)備金 the required reserve

額外儲(chǔ)備金 excess reserves

就?意義而言 in the sense

在某種意義上 in a sense

自由港 free port

外貿(mào)保稅區(qū) foreign-trade zones

經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū) special economic zones

從事于政治 engage in politics

忙著工作 be engage in business

與某人訂婚 be engage to sb.普通港口 a regular port

中東 the Middle East

遠(yuǎn)東 the Far East

近東 the Near East

關(guān)稅壁壘 tariff barriers

起作用，生效 in operation

為?付關(guān)稅 pay a tariff on?

索價(jià)，要價(jià) charge?for

原材料 raw material

制成品 manufactured products

碼頭工人 dock workers

造船廠，修船所 dockyard

內(nèi)河航行 inland navigation

廣告媒介 advertising media

天天，逐日 from day to day

并肩地，相互支持地 side by side

說出，(尤指無意間)吐露 throw out

吐露秘密 throw out a secret

有吸引力，引起興趣 appeal to

目標(biāo)觀眾 target audiences

有線電視 cable television

有線電視廣告收入 cable ad revenues

使遭受，面對(duì) be exposed to

拋卻，扔掉 throw away

舊貨商 a junk dealer

預(yù)付費(fèi)用 the advance cost

成本效益 cost effectiveness

被分為 be segmented into

(廣播中的)答問節(jié)目 talk shows

解釋，說明 account for

使(某人)信服 convince?of?

相當(dāng)提前 well in advance

有?傾向的 be subject to

有很高的重復(fù)接觸率 high repeat exposure

保險(xiǎn) insurance

保險(xiǎn)額 insurance value

保險(xiǎn)公司 insurance company

保險(xiǎn)范圍 insurance coverage

保險(xiǎn)費(fèi) insurance premium

作為對(duì)?的報(bào)答 in return for

防御 protect against

不愿意做某事 be unwilling to do

經(jīng)商，經(jīng)營 in business

因公有事 on business

賺錢 make a profit

收入，接受，吸收 take in

付錢(如福清費(fèi)用)pay out

投保人 policyholder

保險(xiǎn)單 policy

建于?之上 be based on

索價(jià)，要價(jià) charge for

毛利 gross profit

凈利 net profit

國民生產(chǎn)總值 gross national product

統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)原理 a statistical principle

大數(shù)定律 law of larger numbers

隨?變動(dòng) vary with

在相反的情形下 in the opposite situation

使恢復(fù) bring sb back to

在?之前 prior to

為此目的 toward this end

由于?而發(fā)生 result from

導(dǎo)致 result in

故意行為 an intentional act

放火縱火 set fire to sth

在欺詐的情況下 in cases of fraud

有助于，促成 contribute to

重置費(fèi)用 replacement cost

資本支出 capital expenditure

資本貨物 capital goods

固定資本 fixed capital

流動(dòng)資本 floating capital

資本積累 accumulation of capital

原始資本積累 primitive accumulation of capital

把?用于 employ?in?

以同樣的方式 in the same manner

有幾分，有點(diǎn)兒 in a manner

補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易 compensation trade

在和平時(shí)期 in time of peace

在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期 in time of war

足夠的 a sufficiency of sth

迫使某人做某事 oblige sb to do sth

侵占，侵害 encroach upon/on

預(yù)定，命中注定 be destined for

由?所造成的 be occasioned by

在大多數(shù)情況下 upon most occasions

在那個(gè)時(shí)機(jī) on that occasion

曾經(jīng)，有一次 on one occasion

很少，不常 on rare occasions

足以 be sufficient to

從?而產(chǎn)生出來的 be derived from

使恢復(fù) restore to

投資需求 investment demand

投資規(guī)模 investment scale

消費(fèi)者需求 consumer demand

國民收入 national income

指出 point out

在?方面起著關(guān)鍵作用 be pivotal in

設(shè)身處地 put oneself in the place of

可能作某事 be likely to do 許多 a host of

對(duì)某事加以考慮 take sth into account

對(duì)某事不予考慮 leave sth out of account

在開始時(shí) at the outset

從開始時(shí) from the outset

政府的年限 the life of a government

企業(yè)預(yù)測(cè) business expectations

決定性的因素 a crucial factor

在重要的關(guān)頭 at the crucial moment

在?方面 in terms of

國內(nèi)工業(yè) home industries

國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品 home products

國內(nèi)貿(mào)易 the home trade

國內(nèi)市場(chǎng) the home market

美國國會(huì) the United States Congress

外貿(mào)保稅區(qū)法 the Foreign Trade Zones Act

(英國)議院的法案 An Act of Parliament

(美國)國會(huì)的法案 The Acts of congress

外貿(mào)保稅區(qū)管理委員會(huì) the Foreign Trade Zone Board

董事會(huì) the Board of Directors

國際商務(wù)局 the Bureau of International Commerce

天津商檢局 Tianjin Commodity Inspection Bureau

美國商業(yè)部United States Department of Commerce

市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) market economy

計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy

決定性的測(cè)驗(yàn) the crucial test

決定性的問題 the crucial question

在重要的關(guān)頭 at the crucial moment

以分散的方式 in a decentralized fashion

市場(chǎng)價(jià)格機(jī)制 a price-and-market mechanism

技術(shù)工 skilled labor

勞工與雇主之間的關(guān)系 labor relations

工黨 the Labor Party

純粹的形式 a pure form

英國工業(yè)革命 the English Industrial Revolution

法國大革命 The French Revolution

普遍地 at large

傾向于做某事 be inclined to do sth.全社會(huì) society at large

有?傾向的 be subject to

由?產(chǎn)生的 stem from

實(shí)質(zhì)上，根本上 in effect

供求機(jī)制 the supply and demand mechanism

完全承襲?傳統(tǒng) in the full tradition of

對(duì)于?感到悲觀 be pessimistic about

對(duì)于?感到樂觀 be optimistic about

指出 point out

個(gè)人利益private interest

社會(huì)利益 society interest

支持某人on sb's side

獲勝，擊敗 triumph over

高度計(jì)劃的社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì) highly planned socialist economies

用這樣或那樣的方式 in one way or another

介入 step in

決不 by no means

當(dāng)然，必定 by all means

就?而言 as far as?is concerned

比較利益 comparative advantage

把?從?解放出來 free?from

使?束縛于 bind?to?

生產(chǎn)過程 production processes

比較利益原則 the law of comparative advantage

指?而言 refer to

把?比作為 compare to

適用于 be applicable to

使適應(yīng)，使適合 be geared to/toward

為某事給某人報(bào)酬或獎(jiǎng)賞 reward sb for sth

把?應(yīng)用于，使用于 apply?to?

歸類程序 sorting process

彼此 one another

相比之下 by contrast

卷入 involve in

完完全全的自由貿(mào)易 perfectly free commerce

致力于 devote?to

對(duì)?有益處的 be beneficial to

整個(gè)社會(huì)的普遍利益 the universal good of the whole

獨(dú)特的力量 the peculiar powers

大批量生產(chǎn) mass production

總的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模 the general mass of productions

總收益 general benefit

商業(yè)往來 commercial intercourse

文明世界 the civilized world

把?用于? employ?in

不得不做某事 be obliged to do sth.在?方面低劣 inferior in

在?方面優(yōu)越 superior in

交換 in exchange for

對(duì)?有利 be advantageous for

使?從?轉(zhuǎn)移到 divert?from?to

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化集裝箱 standardized containers

集裝箱運(yùn)輸container transport

陸運(yùn) overland transportation

海運(yùn) sea transportation

空運(yùn) air transportation

水運(yùn) water transportation

管道運(yùn)輸 pipeline transportation

聯(lián)運(yùn) combined transport

承運(yùn)人 carrier

托運(yùn)人 consignor

收貨人 consignee

鐵路運(yùn)單 consignment note

空運(yùn)單 air waybill

租船合同 charter party

提單 bill of lading

訂艙單 booking note

重新占領(lǐng)市場(chǎng) regain market share

背負(fù)式運(yùn)輸服務(wù) piggy-back service

從?方面來講 in terms of

專門從事 specialize in

與?結(jié)合 merge with

失效，崩潰 break down

存貨占用成本 inventory carrying costs

短途送貨short-distance distribution

長(zhǎng)途送貨long distance distribution

汽車裝運(yùn)的貨物 trucked goods

空運(yùn)貨物 air freight

基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 infrastructure 1.Food,for example,is a kind of goods.everyone eats food,but the ayerage person does not think much about all the things that must happen before food appears on his plate.例如，食品就是一種商品，人人都要吃東西，但是一般人對(duì)食品出現(xiàn)在他們盤子里之前勢(shì)必發(fā)生的一切并不多去想。

2.Men andmachines made the wood into paper,which had to be packaged and carried by trucks and put into stores.at every step in process peopre had to paid for their work,money had to be usedfor buying and so on.人使用機(jī)器把木材制造成紙，然后紙被包裝好并用卡車送到各個(gè)商店在這過程中的每個(gè)階段，人們的工作都必須得到報(bào)酬，買機(jī)器，修機(jī)器等等都得花錢。

3.When there are no resources left,we will start tolook after what we have.but why can’t we act before this happens?why can’t we goback to a society in which prevention of waste is a virtue?當(dāng)?shù)厍蛏系馁Y源耗盡時(shí)，我們就會(huì)珍惜所擁有的東西。但是為什么在一切發(fā)生之前，我們就不能有所作為呢？為什么我們不能回到制止浪費(fèi)就是美德的社會(huì)去呢？

4.This has led directly to the ‘throw-away society’and to the waste of the earth’s resources.這直接導(dǎo)致“浪費(fèi)社會(huì)”的產(chǎn)生和對(duì)地球資源的浪費(fèi)。

5.Just think of the expensive packaging material that is thrown away each time a new object is bought.想想吧，每購買一件新商品，昂貴的包裝材料就被扔掉了。

6.Beause there was such a demand for the product,manufacturers began making tissues in larger and larger wusntities.因?yàn)閷?duì)產(chǎn)品需求量很大，廠家生產(chǎn)的數(shù)量也越來越大。

7.Modern mass-production methods lower the cost making goods,and thus give us better values.現(xiàn)代成批生產(chǎn)方法降低了商品的生產(chǎn)成本，使我們花的錢花得更值。8.In this way.better quality products at good values are continually being brought to the people of all income groups.這樣，物美價(jià)廉的產(chǎn)品正不斷地被奉獻(xiàn)給各種不同收入的人們。

9.Every word on a label describing a food,a durg,a cosmetic or a medical device is important in protecting you and your family from buying an inferior product,four misusing a good one,from being tricked by dangerous,or from unknowingly possessing an item harmful to health.標(biāo)簽上描述一種食品，一種藥品，一種化妝品或一種醫(yī)療器械的每個(gè)字都很重要因?yàn)樗Ｗo(hù)你和你的家庭使你們避免購買劣質(zhì)商品。避免不正確地使用好的產(chǎn)品，避免受危險(xiǎn)的庸醫(yī)之騙，避免不知不覺的擁有對(duì)健康有害的東西。

10.Foods composed of two or more ingredients must bear labels listing all ingredients in the order of predominance.對(duì)于由兩種或兩種以上配料構(gòu)成的食品，其標(biāo)簽必須以各配料的多少為序一一列舉。

11.Unfortunately these chemicals produce the energy needed to run away from an object of fear,and in modern life that’s often impossible.這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)所產(chǎn)生的能量使我們能夠從令人恐懼的物體迅速跑開但不幸的是在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)里，這常常是不可能的。

12.The country is the fifth most densely populated in the world with 56 million people on 0.18% of the world’s land.英國的人口密度在世界上排為第五位，5600萬人居住在只占世界陸地面積0.18%的土地上。

13.Generally,money from “invisible”trade exceeds the loss on “invisible”trade.britain can withstand a faintly large “trade gap”on visible trade before she is really “in the red”.總的來說，“無形”貿(mào)易的收入超過有形貿(mào)易的差額。只有當(dāng)英國經(jīng)受不住共有有形貿(mào)易相當(dāng)大的“貿(mào)易差額”時(shí)，他才會(huì)真正出現(xiàn)“赤字”。

14.These black and white strips can be read by an optical scanner,or computer.光學(xué)掃描器，也就是一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)可以閱讀這些黑的條紋。

15.Errors in prices are eliminated,or done away with.價(jià)格上的差錯(cuò)就可以消除。

Also,the time spent checking out is reduced.其次，花在結(jié)賬上的時(shí)間也減少了。16.When primitive people began to wear clothing regularly,they had to make it from the materials at hand.當(dāng)原始人開始經(jīng)常穿衣服時(shí)，他們只能用于手頭的材料做衣服。

17.However,we do know that,very early in history rich and poor people alike were wearing wool clothes.然而，只有我們知道，很早就在歷史上窮人和富人都穿羊毛衣。

18.The national economy is better because of this specialization,but these workers over 10percent of the entire labor fore depend entirely on the buying habits of the remainder of the population.國民經(jīng)濟(jì)更好，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)專業(yè)化，但這些工人超過10 %的整個(gè)勞動(dòng)力完全取決于購買習(xí)慣的剩余人口。

19.In automobiles are not sold ,these specialists lose their jobs.The price of specialization is interdependence.在汽車沒有出售，這些專家失去工作的專業(yè)化是相互依存的價(jià)格。20.By stimulating industry,by rewarding ingenuity,and by using most efficaciously the peculiar powers bestows by nature,it distributes labor most effectively and most economically通過刺激，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)創(chuàng)新，并利用最有效的獨(dú)特的力量賦予的性質(zhì)，它的最有效和最經(jīng)濟(jì)地分配勞動(dòng)力

21.if portugal hadon commercial connection with other countries,instead of employing a great part of her capital and industy in the production of wines,with which she purchases for her own use the cloth and hardware of other countries ,she would be obliged to devote a part of that capital to the manufacture of those commodities,which she would thus obtain probably inferior in quality as well as quantity如果葡萄牙景點(diǎn)商業(yè)與其他國家，而不是用大量的資本和產(chǎn)業(yè)生產(chǎn)葡萄酒，與她購買自己的布和硬件的其他國家，她將不得不把一部分資金用于制造這些商品的，她會(huì)這樣可能獲得質(zhì)量低劣以及數(shù)量

22.other advantages include greatly costs in packing,handing,unpacking,and final preparations necessary for sale to the consumer其他優(yōu)勢(shì)包括成本大包裝，裝卸，拆包，和最后的必要準(zhǔn)備出售給消費(fèi)者

23.with the recent deregulation of transportation,this pattern has changed.隨著近年來運(yùn)輸管制的解除，這種模式已經(jīng)改變。

24.unless changes are made nationally to restore this “infrastucture”,the future cost and effectiveness of the various transportations services can be expected to change dramatically除非改變了全國恢復(fù)這個(gè)“基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”，未來的成本和效益的各種交通服務(wù)可以預(yù)期的戲劇性的變化

25.without it,it would be impossible to pay the solidiers and policemen who protect us.沒有它，就不可能支付的士兵們和警察保護(hù)我們的人。

26.It is arranged in such a way that poor people pay nothing,and the percentage of tax grows greater as the tax payer’s income grows.它是安排在這樣一種方式，窮人不納稅，百分比和稅收增長(zhǎng)更為納稅人收入的增加。

27.Of course,it is the people who buy these imported things who really have to pay the duties,in the from of higher prices.當(dāng)然，這是誰的人買這些進(jìn)口的東西真的有繳納稅款，在從更高的價(jià)格。

28.In developing advertising strategies,marketers must also consider the best advertising medium for their message.IBM,for example,uses television ads to keep its name fresh in consumers 'minds.But it uses newspaper and magazine ads to educate consumers on the produce's abilities and trade publications to introduce new software.Each advertising medium has its own advantages and disadvantages在制定廣告策略，營銷人員還必須考慮最佳廣告媒體的信息。公司，例如，利用電視廣告保持其新鮮消費(fèi)者想法.但是利用報(bào)紙和雜志廣告對(duì)消費(fèi)者進(jìn)行教育的生產(chǎn)能力和貿(mào)易出版物介紹新軟件。每一個(gè)廣告中都有自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)

29.one disadvantage of television is that there are too many commercials causing viewers to confuse products電視的一個(gè)缺陷是有太多的廣告，使觀眾混淆產(chǎn)品 brevity also makes television a poor medium in which to educate viewers' about complex products簡(jiǎn)潔也使得電視一個(gè)貧窮的介質(zhì)中，教育觀眾的復(fù)雜的產(chǎn)品

30.brevity also makes television a poor medium in which to educate viewers' about complex products簡(jiǎn)潔也使得電視一個(gè)貧窮的介質(zhì)中，教育觀眾的復(fù)雜的產(chǎn)品

there are a host of obvious facors that you would have to take into account at the outset有許多明顯的因素，你必須考慮到當(dāng)初

31.like the unknown principle of animal life,it frequently restores health and vigor to the constitution ,in spite,not only raw disease,but of the absurd prescriptions of the doctor喜歡未知的動(dòng)物生活的原則，它經(jīng)常恢復(fù)健康和活力的憲法，盡管，不僅疾病，但醫(yī)生荒謬的處方

32.probably this kind of indirect tax,together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich,is the best arrangement.或許這種間接稅，連同直接稅收收入較低，為窮人和富人，都是最好的安排。

33.it his book,contact:thee first four minutes,he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships:every time you meet someone in a social situation,give him your undivided attention for four minutes.他的書，聯(lián)系人：你的第一個(gè)四分鐘，他提供了這樣的建議有興趣的人，開始新的友誼：每當(dāng)你在社交場(chǎng)合遇到人時(shí)，集中精力于他四分鐘。

34.such people,as they themselves produce nothing ,are all maintained by the produce of other men's labor when multiplied,therefore,to an unnecessary number,they may in a particular year consume so great a share of this produce,as not to leave a sufficiency for maintaining the productive laborers,who should reproduce it next year這樣的人，因?yàn)樗麄冏约荷a(chǎn)的，都是由其他人的產(chǎn)品勞動(dòng)時(shí)成倍增加，因此，對(duì)一些不必要的，他們可能在一個(gè)特定的年消費(fèi)如此之大，這個(gè)比例產(chǎn)生，不會(huì)留下足夠維持生產(chǎn)性勞動(dòng)者，誰應(yīng)該復(fù)制它明年

35.whatever a person saves from his revenue he adds to his capital,and either employs it himself in maintaining an additional number of productive hands,or enables some other person of the profits無論一個(gè)人從他的收入，他還節(jié)省資金，并采用它自己保持一個(gè)額外的一些生產(chǎn)的手，或使其他人的利益.36.hearing such advice,one might say ,”but I’m not a friendliy,self-confident person..聽到這樣的建議，有人可能會(huì)說，“但我不是一個(gè)friendliy，自信的人。37.while some policies provide certain exemptions,in general to qualify as an insurable risk,the risk should be predictable,outside the control of the insured loss must be predictable雖然一些政策提供一定的豁免，一般資格作為可保風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)該是可預(yù)測(cè)的，控制范圍以外的保險(xiǎn)損失必須是可預(yù)見的

38.also,special buses can be chartered for trips to the mountains,to lakes,and to nearby places if historical interest.同時(shí)，特殊的巴士。可包車前往山區(qū)，湖泊，和附近的地方，如果歷史的興趣。39.therefore,individuals wite lower probability of accidents as determined by these classification characteristics should pay a relatively lower premium因此，個(gè)人與低概率事件所確定的這些分類的特點(diǎn)，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)相對(duì)較低的溢價(jià) 40.the more they know ,the better their prediction and the fairer the rates they set will be.insurance companies also benefit from a statistical principle called the law of large numbers他們知道的越多，更好地預(yù)測(cè)和更公平的他們的價(jià)格也就。保險(xiǎn)公司也得益于一個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)原理稱為大數(shù)法則

41.for example,an iron cooking pot,if it is not carefully dried,will rust in a few hours beause the oxygen in the water will combine with the iron.例如，一個(gè)鑄鐵鍋?zhàn)鲲垼绻徽J(rèn)真干，會(huì)生銹的幾個(gè)小時(shí)，因?yàn)樗械难鯇⑴c鐵。

42.the reason why companies often find insurance appealing is clear in return for a sum of money;they are protected against certifs.potentially devastating losses公司的原因經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)保險(xiǎn)吸引力是明確的回報(bào)一大筆錢；他們免受證明.潛在的毀滅性的損失

43.for example,the person who reads popular photography is more likely to be interested in the lastest specialized lenses from canon than is a gourmet magazine subscriber例如，人誰讀大眾攝影是更可能感興趣的最新專業(yè)鏡頭佳能比是一個(gè)美食雜志訂閱

44.while direct mail is often thrown away as ‘'junk mail",advertisers can predict in advance how many recipients will take mailing seriously而直接郵件經(jīng)常被丟棄的'垃圾郵件”，廣告主可以預(yù)測(cè)提前多少者將采取郵寄嚴(yán)重

45.the most obvious purpose of advertising is to inform the consumer of available products or services.最明顯的目的是告知消費(fèi)者提供的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)。

46.science is the never-ending struggle to find truth.科學(xué)是永無止境的斗爭(zhēng)中找到真理。

47.this flatness was acceptable as “truth”because travel and human knowledge of celestial phenomena were so limited that no other concept was needed.這平坦被接受“真理”因?yàn)槁眯泻吞煳默F(xiàn)象的知識(shí)是有限的，不需要其他的概念。

48.the demand deposits placed in banks,coupled with the fractional reserve principle,give bankers the power to anther the supply or money in the economy.存放在銀行里的活期存款，加上部分儲(chǔ)備金，使銀行家有權(quán)花藥或經(jīng)濟(jì)中的貨幣。

49.but it is not just the state of the marker that one has to estimate,as a businessman,you would also have to investigate whether there are new productive methods and processes available to you that will make the investment profitable in terms of reducing costs production an improved product但它不僅僅是國家的標(biāo)志，人們估計(jì)的，作為一個(gè)商人，你也將調(diào)查是否有新的生產(chǎn)方法和過程提供給你，會(huì)使投資獲利方面降低成本，改進(jìn)產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)。

50.the trader expects to pay a tariff on the goods he is going to sell in the United States.交易員預(yù)計(jì)將支付關(guān)稅的貨物是在美國銷售。

51.in some free prots the foreign merchants may display their products for customers.在一些免費(fèi)的港口外商可以顯示他們的產(chǎn)品為客戶。

52.because if improvements in ships and navigation,European nations began trading a great deal with each other and the rest of the world.因?yàn)槿绻昂秃竭\(yùn)的發(fā)展，歐洲國家開始大量貿(mào)易與彼此和其他世界。

52.those unproductive hands ,who should be maintained by a part only of the spare revenue of the peole,may consume so great a share of their whole revenue,and therefore oblige so great a number to encroach upon their capitals,upon the funds destined for the maintenance of productive labor m that all the frugality and good conduct of individuals may not be able to compensate the waste and degradation of produce occasioned by this violent and forced encroachment這些非生產(chǎn)性的手，誰應(yīng)保持只有一部分的收入的人，會(huì)消耗大量的稅收，因此要求這樣大的一批侵犯他們的首都，在資金的維持生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng)，所有的節(jié)儉和個(gè)人行為可能無法彌補(bǔ)的浪費(fèi)和降解產(chǎn)生的這種暴力和強(qiáng)制侵占.53.historically,the self regulating market economy is a modern rather than an ancient invention,involving rather special assumptions such as the treatment of land and labor as commodities從歷史上看，自我調(diào)節(jié)的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)是現(xiàn)代而不是一個(gè)古老的發(fā)明，涉及相當(dāng)獨(dú)特的假設(shè)，作為治療的土地和勞動(dòng)力作為商品

54.the answer as one might expect,is very complicated and is subject to much disagreement among the experts答案是可以預(yù)期的，是非常復(fù)雜的，受到許多分歧專家 55.in a preliminary way ,however,we can indicate at least two lines of argument that must affect all serious thinking about this theory 在初步的方式，但是，我們可以表明至少2行論點(diǎn)必須影響所有認(rèn)真思考這一理論

56.the first line of argument really stems from the analysis that emphasizes the essential viability of the market system第一行的爭(zhēng)論真正源于分析，強(qiáng)調(diào)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制本質(zhì)上的可行性

57.this argument is in the full tradition of classical economic thought這個(gè)論點(diǎn)是在充分的傳統(tǒng)的古典經(jīng)濟(jì)思想

58.they would point out that adam smith gravely underestimated the divergence betweemn private and social interest他們指出，亞當(dāng)嚴(yán)重低估的分歧個(gè)人利益與社會(huì)利益之間的配合

59.in one way or another,citizens of every country in the world have asked that governments step in to change this or that aspect of the functioning of a price and market mechanism一種或另一種方式，公民在世界各國已要求政府在改變這個(gè)或那個(gè)方面的運(yùn)作的價(jià)格與市場(chǎng)機(jī)制

60.thus,the crucial question,as far as the public interest is concerned,is not whether there should be any intervention that question has really been settled by history.but what degree of invention should be permitted.因此，關(guān)鍵的問題，只要公共利益有關(guān)，不應(yīng)該有任何干預(yù)，這種問題已經(jīng)在歷史上解決了，但是干預(yù)的程度應(yīng)該被公眾允許。

61.this system makers it possible to produce large quantities of goods ang services,as well as provide some leisure for workers.該系統(tǒng)制造商可以生產(chǎn)大批量的貨物和服務(wù)，以及提供一些休閑的工人。

62.in this way,the output of the office is higher.這樣，輸出的是高。

63.this stroting process puts dentists in their office,carpenters besides their tools,and drivers in the cabs of trucks,and nurses in the wards of hospitals.這資料排架進(jìn)程中提出的牙醫(yī)的辦公室，除了他們的木匠工具，和司機(jī)在駕駛卡車，和護(hù)士在病房的醫(yī)院

64.but as the resources required by each mode break down in the decade ahead, changes seem likely.但由于資源需要由每個(gè)模式打破在未來十年變化，似乎有可能。

65.it also offers believable coverage,since ads are present side-by-side with news.它也提供了可信的報(bào)道，因?yàn)閺V告是目前并排與新聞。

66.it allows advertisers to combine sight, sound and motion,thus appealing to almost all the viewer’s senses.它允許廣告商聯(lián)合視線，聲音和動(dòng)作，從而吸引觀眾的幾乎所有感覺。

第五篇：名人名言中英翻譯.

名人名言選錄中英文翻譯

對(duì)于ISSUE來說，中國考生總覺得我們的文章，論證不充分。

我們?cè)趯懼形淖h論文的時(shí)候，喜歡用名人名言。名人說的，往往鏗鏘有力，而且言簡(jiǎn)意賅，也更有說服力。

英文議論文也是這樣。

本章收集了能夠用到名人名言的中英文對(duì)照版。

每次打開本書時(shí)，看2句。結(jié)束本書的學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，進(jìn)行回憶。在寫作過程中，能用的，盡量練習(xí)使用。STRUGGLE 奮斗篇

Where there is a will , there is a way.(Thomas Edison , American inventor)有志者，事竟成。(美國發(fā)明家 愛迪生.T.)Genius only means hard-working all one's life.(Mendeleyer , Russian Chemist)天才只意味著終身不懈的努力。(俄國化學(xué)家 門捷列耶夫)Man errs so long as he strives.(Johan Wolfgang Goethe , German poet and dramatist)人只要奮斗就會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。(德國詩人、劇作家 歌德.J.W.)Our destiny offers not the cup of despair , but the chalice of opportunity.(Richard Nixon, American President)命運(yùn)給予我們的不是失望之酒，而是機(jī)會(huì)之杯。(美國總統(tǒng) 尼克松.R.)Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet.(Jean Jacques Rousseau , French thinker)忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果實(shí)是甜蜜的。(法國思想家 盧梭.J.J.)SUCCESS 成功篇

Achievement provides the only real pleasure in life.(Thomas Edison , American inventor)有所成就是人生唯一的真正樂趣。(美國發(fā)明家 愛迪生.T.)I succeeded because I willed it;I never hesitated.(Bonaparte Napoleon , French emperor)我成功是因?yàn)槲矣袥Q心，從不躊躇。(法國皇帝 拿破侖.B.)Success covers a multitude of blunders.(George Bernard Shaw , British Dramatist)成功由大量的失望鑄就。(英國劇作家 肖伯納.G.)You have to believe in yourself.That's the secret of success.(Charles Chaplin , American actor)人必須相信自己，這是成功的秘訣。(美國演員 卓別林.C.)WEALTH 財(cái)富篇 All the splendor 1 in the world is not worth a good friend.(Voltaire , French thinker)人世間所有的榮華富貴不如一個(gè)好朋友。(法國思想家 伏爾泰)Money is a good servant and a bad master.(Francis Bacon , British philosopher)金錢是善仆，也是惡主。(英國哲學(xué)家 培根.F.)Sometimes one pays most for the things one gets for nothing.(Albert Einstein , American scientist)有時(shí)候一個(gè)人為不花錢得到的東西付出的代價(jià)最高。(美國科學(xué)家 愛因斯坦.A.)HAPPINESS 幸福篇

Happiness is form courage.(H.Jackson , British writer)幸福是勇氣的一種形式。(英國作家 杰克遜.H.)Happy is the man who is living by his hobby.(G.Bernard Shaw , British dramatist)醉心于某種癖好的人是幸福的。(英國劇作家 肖伯納.G.)Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money;it lies in the joy of achievement , in the thrill of creative effort.(Franklin Roosevelt , American president)幸福不在于擁有金錢，而在于獲得成就時(shí)的喜悅以及產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)造力的激情。(美國總統(tǒng) 羅斯福.F.)The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that we are loved.(Victor Hugo , French novelist)生活中最大的幸福是堅(jiān)信有人愛我們。(法國小說家 雨果.V.)To really understand a man we must judge him in misfortune.(Bonaparte Napoleon , French emperor)要真正了解一個(gè)人，需在不幸中考察他。(法國皇帝 拿破侖.B.)TIME 時(shí)間篇

Do you love life ? Then do not squander time;for that's the stuff5 life is made of.(Benjamin Franklin , American president)你熱愛生命嗎？那么，別浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，因?yàn)樯怯蓵r(shí)間組成的。(美國總統(tǒng) 富蘭克林.B.)Each moment in history is a fleeting time , precious and unique.(Richard Nixon , American president)歷史巨輪飛轉(zhuǎn)，分分秒秒的時(shí)間都十分寶貴，也獨(dú)具意義。(美國總統(tǒng) 尼克松.R.)Never leave that until tomorrow , which you can do today.(Benjamin Franklin , American president)今天的事不要拖到明天。(美國總統(tǒng) 富蘭克林.B.)The golden age is before us , not behind us.(Mark Twain , American writer)黃金時(shí)代在我們面前而不在我們背后。(美國作家 馬克?吐溫)The time of life is short;to spend that shortness basely, it would be too long.(William Shakespeare , British dramatist)人生苦短，若虛度年華，則短暫的人生就太長(zhǎng)了。(英國劇作家 莎士比亞.W.)Time is money.(Benjamin Franklin , American president)時(shí)間就是金錢。(美國總統(tǒng) 富蘭克林.B.)To choose time is to save time.(Francis Bacon , British philosopher)合理安排時(shí)間就是節(jié)約時(shí)間。(英國哲學(xué)家 培根.F.)We always have time enough , if we will but use it aright.(Johan Wolfgang von Goethe , German poet)只要我們能善用時(shí)間,就永遠(yuǎn)不愁時(shí)間不夠用。(德國詩人歌德.J.W.)STUDY 學(xué)習(xí)篇 Histories make men wise;poems witty;the mathematics subtle;natural philosophy deep;moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to contend.(Francis Bacon , British philosopher)歷史使人明智；詩詞使人靈秀；數(shù)學(xué)使人周密；自然哲學(xué)使人深刻；倫理使人莊重；邏輯修辭學(xué)使人善辨。(英國哲學(xué)家 培根.F.)If you don't learn to think when you are young , you may never learn.(Thomas Edison , American inventor)如果你年輕時(shí)就沒有學(xué)會(huì)思考，那么就永遠(yuǎn)學(xué)不會(huì)思考。(美國發(fā)明家 愛迪生.T.)Natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning by study.(Francis Bacon , British philosopher)天生的才干如同天生的植物一樣，需要靠學(xué)習(xí)來修剪。(英國哲學(xué)家 培根.F.)WORK 工作篇

Don't gild the lily.不要給百合花鍍金/畫蛇添足。(英國劇作家 莎士比亞.W.)It is no use doing what you like;you have got to like what you do.(Winston Churchill , British prime minister)不能愛哪行才干哪行，要干哪行愛哪行。(美國首相 丘吉爾.W.)My philosophy of life is work.(Thomas Alva Edison , American inventor)我的人生哲學(xué)就是工作。(美國發(fā)明家 愛迪生.T.A.)When work is a pleasure , life is joy!When work is duty , life is slavery.(Maxim Gorky , Russian writer)工作是一種樂趣時(shí)，生活是一種享受！工作是一種義務(wù)時(shí)，生活則是一種苦役。(俄國作家 高爾基.M.)

EDUCATION 教育篇

And gladly would learn , and gladly teach.(Chaucer , British poet)勤于學(xué)習(xí)的人才能樂意施教。(英國詩人, 喬叟)Better be unborn than untaught , for ignorance is the root of misfortune.(Plato , Ancient Greek philosopher)與其不受教育,不如不生,因?yàn)闊o知是不幸的根源.(古希臘哲學(xué)家 柏拉圖)Genius17 without education is like silver in the mine.(Benjamin Franklin , American president)未受教育的天才，猶如礦中之銀。(美國總統(tǒng) 富蘭克.B.)The roots of education are bitter , but the fruit is sweet.(Aristotle , Ancient Greek philosopher)教育的根是苦的，但其果實(shí)是甜的。(古希臘哲學(xué)家 亞里士多德)

人物 ======

You have to believe in yourself.That's the secret of success.人必須相信自己，此乃成功之秘訣。--C.Chaplin 卓別林 Self-trust is the first secret of success.自信乃成功之第一秘訣。--R.Emerson 愛默生 Virtue is bold, and goodness never fearful.美德是勇敢的，為善永遠(yuǎn)無所畏懼。--W.Shakespeare 莎士比亞 It is better to be faithful than famous.守信用勝過有名氣。--T.Roosevelt 羅斯福 Diligence is the mother of good luck.勤奮是幸運(yùn)之母。--B.Franklin 富蘭克林 Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。--G.Crabbe 克雷布

Pride costs us more than hunger, thirst, and cold.驕傲給我們帶來的損失超過饑渴和寒冷。--T.Jefferson 杰弗遜 A great man is always willing to be little.偉人總愿當(dāng)個(gè)平常人。--R.Emerson 愛默生 Freedom lies in the being bold.自由在于勇敢。--R.Frost 弗羅斯特 All men cannot be first.不能人人都第一。--T.Fuller 富勒 A small leak will sink a great ship.小漏沉大船。--T.Fuller 富勒

Well done is better than well said.干得好勝于說得好。--B.Franklin 富蘭克林 Speak not when others speak;sit not when others stand, and walk not when others stop.他人講話時(shí)不要講話；他人站立時(shí)不要坐著；他人駐足時(shí)不要行走。--G.Washington 華盛頓

Politeness costs nothing and gains everything.禮貌無須花錢，卻能贏得一切。--M.W.Montagu 蒙塔古 生命 ====== Other men live to eat, while I eat to live.別人為食而生存，我為生存而食。--Socrates 蘇格拉底 Easy come, easy go.易得者亦易失。--Hazlitt赫斯特

The darkest hour is that before the dawn.黎明前的時(shí)分是最黑暗的。--Fuller 富勒

Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.生活而無目標(biāo)，猶如航海之無指南針。--J.Ruskin 魯斯金 A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.手中的一只鳥勝于林中的兩只鳥。--Heywood 希伍德 One swallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏。--Taverner 泰維納

A man may lead a horse to the water, but he cannot make it drink.一個(gè)人可以把馬帶到河邊，但他不能令它飲水。--Heywood 希伍德 One cannot eat one's cake and have it.一個(gè)人不能把他的糕餅吃掉之后還留在手上。--Davies 戴維斯 There is no rose without a thorn.沒有玫瑰花是不長(zhǎng)刺的。--Ray 雷 Lookers-on see most of the game.旁觀者清。--Smedley 斯密萊

Victory won't come to me unless I go to it.勝利是不會(huì)向我走來的，我必須自己走向勝利。--M.Moore 穆爾 Life is just a series of trying to make up your mind.生活只是由一系列下決心的努力所構(gòu)成。--T.Fuller 富勒

All human wisdom is summed up in two words等待和希望。--Alexandre Dumas Pére大仲馬（法國作家）

It is not enough to be industrious, so are the ants.What are you industrious for? 光勤勞是不夠的，螞蟻也是勤勞的。要看你為什么而勤勞。--H.D.Thoreau梭羅 You have to believe in yourself.That's the secret of success.人必須相信自己，這是成功的秘訣。--Charles Chaplin卓別林

Life itself, without the assistance of colleges and universities, is becoming an advanced institution of learning.沒有學(xué)院和大學(xué)的幫助，人生本身也正在變成一所高等學(xué)府。--Thomas Alva Edison 愛迪生

知識(shí) ====== A little learning is a dangerous thing.淺薄的學(xué)識(shí)是一件危險(xiǎn)的事情。--Alexander Pope 蒲柏

Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.知識(shí)是一座寶庫，而實(shí)踐就是開啟寶庫的鑰匙。--Fuller 富勒 Sure bind, sure find.確實(shí)放置好的東西，找起來也便當(dāng)。--Heywood希伍德

Genius is one per cent inspiration and ninety-nine per cent perspiration.天才是一分靈感加九十九分血汗。--Edison愛迪生 Nothing venture, nothing have.不進(jìn)取者無所獲。--Heywood希伍德 Never too old to learn.求學(xué)不嫌年紀(jì)老。--Thomas Middleton 密都爾頓 There is no royal road to learning.學(xué)問之路無捷徑。--Trollope 特勒普

The brighter you are, the more you have to learn.越聰明的人，越需要學(xué)習(xí)。--D.Herold 赫羅爾德

A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life.外語是人生斗爭(zhēng)的一種武器。--K.Marx 馬克思 To think is to see.思考就是明白。--Balzac 巴爾扎克 The reading of all good books is like a conversation with the finest men of past centuries.讀好書-如同與世上的先杰交談。--Descartes 笛卡兒 Choose an author as you choose a friend.要像選擇朋友那樣來選擇作者。--Wentworth Dillon Roscommon 羅斯康芒 To win you have to risk loss.要想勝利就得冒失敗的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。--Jean-ClaudeKilly基里 Boys, be ambitious.年輕人應(yīng)胸懷大志。--William Smith Clark克拉克

Knowledge is power, that knowledge is safety, that knowledge is happiness.知識(shí)就是力量，知識(shí)就是安全，知識(shí)就是幸福。--Thomas Jefferson 杰弗遜

It is easy to learn something about everything, but difficult to learn everything about anything.對(duì)每件事知道一些是容易的，對(duì)任何一件事詳細(xì)知道是困難的。--Emmons 艾蒙斯 The first step to knowledge is to know that we are ignorant.獲得知識(shí)的第一步是要知道自己無知。--Cecil 塞西爾 Zeal without knowledge is fire without light.有熱情而無知識(shí)，猶如有火焰而無光芒。--Thomas Fuller 富勒

If we would have new knowledge, we must get a whole world of new questions.要想獲得新知識(shí)，就必須提出大量的新問題。--Susannek K.Langer 蘭格 Activity is the only road to knowledge.(George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist)行動(dòng)是通往知識(shí)的唯一道路。(英國劇作家 肖伯納.G.)Imagination is more important than knowledge.(Albert Einstein , American scientist)想象力比知識(shí)更為重要。(美國科學(xué)家 愛因斯坦.A.)Knowledge is power.(Francis Bacon , British philosopher)知識(shí)就是力量。(英國哲學(xué)家 培根.F.)友誼

A true friend is one soul in two bodies.摯友如異體同心。--Aristotle 亞里士多德 Love your neighbor as yourself.愛鄰如己。--Jesus Christ 耶穌 One good turn deserves another.} 好心得好報(bào)。--Heywood 希伍德

A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難朋友才是真朋友。--Ray 雷

Good words cost nothing, but are worth much.良言不費(fèi)分文，但價(jià)值甚大。--T.Fuller 富勒 When you are at Rome do as the Romans do.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。--Penn 班

Hearts may agree, though heads differ.意見總有分歧，但其心則仍可能一致。--T.Fuller 富勒 Birds of a feather flock together.同聲相應(yīng)，同氣相求。--Cicero 西塞羅 Like to like.物以類聚。--Cicero 西塞羅 Slow help is no help.遲助等于無助。--Trench 特蘭芝 It takes two to make a quarrel.必須有兩個(gè)人，才有爭(zhēng)吵。--Henry Kingsley金斯萊 Be slow in choosing a friend;slower in changing.擇友宜慎，棄之更宜慎。--Benjamin Franklin富蘭克林 Never judge from appearance.不要以貌取人。--Tindale 巔岱

A man should keep his friendship in constant repair.一個(gè)人應(yīng)當(dāng)讓他的友誼常新。--Samuel Johnson 瓊生

Sometimes the best helping hand you can get is a good, firm push.有時(shí)侯，及時(shí)有力的鼓勵(lì)是對(duì)你最好的幫助。--John Thomas 托馬斯 A friend is a present which you give yourself.朋友是你送給自己的一份禮物。--Robert Louis Stevenson 史蒂文森 Fate chooses your relatives, you choose your friends.親戚乃命定，朋友靠選擇。--Abbe Jacques Delille 德力爾 A faithful friend is the medicine of life.忠實(shí)的朋友是人生的良藥。--William Shakespeare 莎士比亞 The bird a nest, the spider a web, man friendship.鳥兒有巢，蜘蛛有網(wǎng)，人類有友誼。--William Blake布萊克 He makes no friends who never made a foe.從來沒有敵人的人也不會(huì)有朋友。--Alfred Tennyson丁尼生

We choose our friends by instinct, but we keep them by judgment.我們選擇朋友靠的是本能，但保持友誼靠的是判斷。--Alfred Capus 卡皮 Friendship is love without his wings.友誼是沒有羽翼的愛。--George Gordon Byron 拜倫 Suspicion is the poison of true friendship.猜疑是真誠友誼的一副毒劑。--St.Augustine奧古斯丁 True friendship is a plant of slow growth.真正的友誼像生長(zhǎng)緩慢的植物。--George Washington 華盛頓 A hedge between keeps friendship green.朋友間適當(dāng)保持距離，可使友誼常青。--J.A.Charles 查爾斯