第一篇：淺析雅思寫作

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淺析雅思寫作模板

朗閣海外考試研究中心

雅思寫作是中國考生的弱項。根據(jù)朗閣海外考試研究中心多年悉心研究和考察發(fā)現(xiàn)，在雅思考生數(shù)量最龐大國家中，中國學(xué)生的雅思寫作平均水平一直位于低級水平，甚至低于我們的鄰國印度。由此可見，為了拿到通往理想國度去留學(xué)或移民的通行證，寫作是有待廣大考生加強(qiáng)的一個項目。基于這種情況，很多考生便將希望寄托于甚至迷戀于模板，希望事先背誦好一篇或者幾篇“萬精油”性質(zhì)的模板作文，他們認(rèn)為這樣既可以輕松解決寫作考試時間不夠的問題，又能拿到高分。

事實上，模板的好處在于能夠提高寫作效率，省去很多構(gòu)思和選詞的時間。從應(yīng)試者角度來講，無疑是有大大幫助的；但是，從考試組織者角度考慮，模板卻是一種欺騙，因為他不能體現(xiàn)考生真正寫作水平。因此，考委會明確規(guī)定，嚴(yán)懲背誦模板的考生。這一點也適用于雅思考試的另一分項——口語。于是，很多培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)的教師們也開始反對使用寫作模板，但這并未改變很多學(xué)生對于模板的青睞，因為對很多烤鴨們來說，尤其是基礎(chǔ)薄弱的烤鴨們，離開模板，要完全依靠自己的英語實力去考場上硬拼，這又談何容易。

那么，究竟我們是否應(yīng)該摒棄模板呢？筆者的答案是否定的，因為存在即有理。模板既然有它獨特的生命力，就是因為它有著獨特的優(yōu)勢。大約在40分鐘內(nèi)寫一篇250字以上的議論文，對很多考生而言是非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)，特別是對于基礎(chǔ)薄弱的學(xué)生。針對考生在構(gòu)思和遣詞造句方面的困難，模板成了應(yīng)付考試的權(quán)宜之計。那么，要想達(dá)到使用模板和避免考官懷疑的雙豐收結(jié)果，我們應(yīng)該要正確選擇模板，對其進(jìn)行技術(shù)處理，這才是重中之重。要做到這些，首先，我們必須了解哪些情況是我們考官認(rèn)為背誦的段落和句子。考官判斷考生是否背誦，主要依靠一下幾點證據(jù)：

一、考試中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的雷同句式和段落

我在平時批閱學(xué)生作文時，經(jīng)常會發(fā)現(xiàn)不同學(xué)生都會寫出類似的句子和表達(dá)，比如說，有一次，我看到“The issue of…h(huán)as aroused great concern among public.Speaking for

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myself,…is oversimplistic.” 這樣的表達(dá)，不禁驚喜萬分，覺得學(xué)生進(jìn)步很大，但是，后來我發(fā)現(xiàn)另外好些不同學(xué)生在寫作練習(xí)中都是用了它，于是我便得出結(jié)論，這是他們背誦的句型和模板。后來我得知這些學(xué)生們是從一本知名雅思寫作書籍中學(xué)習(xí)到的。事實上，考官在雅思閱卷的時候也是做出這樣判斷的。曾經(jīng)有個考官告訴我，他在批改試卷的時候有時會碰到一次考試中有好幾篇文章里的若干表達(dá)很雷同，估計他們是來自同一個學(xué)校。

二、和雅思范文雷同

考官經(jīng)常會拿相關(guān)題目的雅思范文來參考，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)文章和范文的出現(xiàn)多句或段落的大致相同就會認(rèn)為有抄襲之嫌。判斷一旦確立，該考生的分?jǐn)?shù)就會降低。降低幅度視具體抄襲比例而定。

由此可見，正如我們經(jīng)常說的，事物有好壞兩方面，使用模板是有一定風(fēng)險的，但是我們絕不能因噎廢食，關(guān)鍵在于如果我們不讓考官找到背誦的證據(jù)，就可以萬事大吉了。朗閣海外考試研究中心建議考生自創(chuàng)模板，這是一種比較安全的方法，可供大家參考。我曾經(jīng)碰到一位考生，他把在網(wǎng)上聽到的國外公開課里面的話：We live in a society where the dynamics between…and…shift quickly搬到寫作中，作為開頭引題句型。類似這樣，來自自己收集的表達(dá)相對比較安全。

因此，使用模板是要注意以下幾點：1.為了不被考官發(fā)現(xiàn)使用模板，要使用和考題不同的多篇范文作依托；2.參考模板范文時要注意句子之間和段落之間的連接要自然，避免出現(xiàn)不合乎邏輯的情況出現(xiàn)。考生在實際操作中可以根據(jù)自己掌握的范文根據(jù)需要進(jìn)行復(fù)制粘貼和改寫，一定要注意句子間的連接自然，以保證全文的連貫和銜接。

當(dāng)然，需要鄭重強(qiáng)調(diào)的是，模板僅是為了應(yīng)試的權(quán)宜之計，要提高寫作能力，還是需要日積月累，逐步提高。所以，如果不打算使用模板，或者有較長時間準(zhǔn)備考試的烤鴨們，更好的一個選擇是下苦功夫，提高寫作實力。因為這是一個更加安全，更加萬能，而且為你們以后出國打下堅實英語功底很好的方法。

第二篇：雅思寫作

翻開劍橋系列教材后面考官所給的范文評析，大家會發(fā)現(xiàn)考官的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一般都從如下四個方面展開：內(nèi)容(content)、組織結(jié)構(gòu)(organization)、詞匯(vocabulary)和句式(sentence structure)。同時，據(jù)筆者的長期觀察，高分雅思作文無一例外地在這四方面有好的演繹才能獲得考官親睞。“好的作文大都是相似的，而不幸的作文卻各有各的不幸。”下面，筆者將從以上四方面一一闡述烤鴨們寫作時存在的盲點所在并提出相應(yīng)的建議。

一、內(nèi)容(content)：切中主題，自圓其說

盲點1：無話可說

這類考生在看到題目時，最初的感覺是腦袋中一片空白。雅思作文題材廣泛，包括科技、教育、健康、環(huán)保、犯罪、文化傳統(tǒng)、時尚、體育運動、動物保護(hù)等。而且由于文化差異以及學(xué)習(xí)工作的緣故，日常生活中考生極少接觸到這類話題，更不用說對它有什么想法了。

盲點1擊破：四多原則

多看范文；多關(guān)注時事，觀察生活；多與人交流；多記錄自己的想法。比較極端的做法是花三天三夜沉浸在范文書當(dāng)中，分領(lǐng)域熟悉雅思考題及其觀點。當(dāng)感覺自己腦袋中涌現(xiàn)出無數(shù)ideas時，關(guān)上書，寫出自己能夠想出來的各個領(lǐng)域的觀點，如果某個領(lǐng) 域發(fā)生短路，翻開書重新閱讀，直至能夠?qū)懗鰜頌橹埂?/p>

盲點2：千言萬語

這類考生往往見多識廣，看到話題時感到倚馬千言。可是由于詞匯量和邏輯方面有所欠缺。往往面臨“滿腹的心里話不知怎么說”的尷尬。

盲點2擊破：詞以類記原則

此類考生要分領(lǐng)域積累雅思寫作詞匯，如在寫肥胖問題時，考生需要積累(obese, overweight, coronary heart disease, stroke, heredity, inheritance, junk food, carnivorous, excessive drinking and smoking, couch potato, diabetes, a balanced diet, vegetarian等。)

盲點3：標(biāo)新立異

這類考生認(rèn)為論點或論據(jù)越新穎越好，力求與眾不同。

盲點3擊破：自圓其說原則

雅思考試畢竟是語言能力測試，詞匯、語法和句式才是測試重點。況且，考官閱卷數(shù)載，見多識廣，你的觀點很有可能已經(jīng)無法構(gòu)成他的興奮點，所以我們講究論點論據(jù)

言之有理，能夠自圓其說即可。

盲點4：真情流露

這類考生和“千言萬語”型考生神似，唯一的不同便是他們英文表達(dá)暢通無阻，寫作時有“黃河之水，延綿不絕”之勢。但興奮之時，有些忘乎所以，與主題漸行漸遠(yuǎn)。

盲點4擊破：切中主題原則

這類考生必須建立自己的一套邏輯框架，并嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行。如在寫argumentation類題型時，全文四段：“第一段為背景介紹和提出論點段；第二段為己方觀點論證段；第三段為讓步段；第四段總結(jié)段。切忌任何與主題無關(guān)或相悖的雞肋出現(xiàn)。

二、組織結(jié)構(gòu)(organization)：起承轉(zhuǎn)合，行云流水

盲點1：天馬行空

這類考生和“千言萬語”型考生神似，寫作時缺乏自己的一套寫作框架。有時，盡管有全文框架，段落框架又缺失，通常表現(xiàn)為主體段內(nèi)部的分論點或分論據(jù)存在邏輯上的重復(fù)或沖突。

盲點1擊破：起承轉(zhuǎn)合原則

除了段落之間應(yīng)存在“第一段(起)為背景介紹和提出論點段；第二段(承)為己方觀點論證段；第三段(轉(zhuǎn))為讓步段；第四段(合)總結(jié)段。”的邏輯框架之外，段落內(nèi)部每一句也需要有這樣的邏輯框架來約束，如讓步段中：“some people may argue that ?(起);because they maintain that ?。(承);However ,they are oversimplifying the situation, in fact ?.。(轉(zhuǎn));Therefore , I believe ?。(合)

盲點2：單句游離

這類烤鴨寫出來的句子與句子之間沒有連接詞，有時就算有，邏輯連詞也使用錯誤。或者是標(biāo)點不注意。最常見使用錯誤諸如on the other hand。它連接的是轉(zhuǎn)折，卻無數(shù)次被誤解成遞進(jìn)。

盲點2擊破：行云流水原則

考生應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確記憶并正確使用各種邏輯關(guān)系詞，力求做到行云流水，常見的邏輯連詞有：

因果關(guān)系：

因：As since due to owning to

果：hence thus therefore as a consequence as a result

表目的：thereby

舉例關(guān)系：Take for example, For instance, To illustrate, As an apt illustration ,對比關(guān)系：While ,whilst, whereas, by contrast。

讓步關(guān)系：despite ,in spite of , not with standing , nonetheless, even though,Provided that , if

三、詞匯(vocabulary)：同義改寫，百花齊放

盲點1 ： 遭遇生詞

大部分考生苦惱的地方莫過于此，寫作過程中無數(shù)次由于生詞的關(guān)系而短路。

盲點1擊破：同義改寫原則

其實考生對不認(rèn)識的詞完全可以paraphrase，如望子成龍，望女成鳳完全可以寫成：All parents expect their children to have a promising further。

注意：對于各個領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的專有名詞我們鼓勵大家履行詞以類記原則，畢竟只有語言水平較高的烤鴨才可能做到用簡單的詞匯解釋難詞。如有同學(xué)在解釋寄生蟲(parasite)在他筆下成了” something that is very tiny and lives on my skin and sucks my blood without doing any work”！這樣的paraphrase 只能讓考官啼笑皆非。

盲點2：同義重現(xiàn)

如在discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the internet時，有考生作文中曾出現(xiàn)了不下10次的advantages and disadvantages。這會讓考官出現(xiàn)極嚴(yán)重的審美疲勞，分?jǐn)?shù)自然不高。

盲點2擊破： 百花齊放原則

其實考生在平時的習(xí)作中應(yīng)注意近義詞、反義詞、衍生詞的積累，并不斷練習(xí)。如上面的advantages的同義詞為benefits gains merits pros等；disadvantages的同義詞有downsides ,weakness, drawbacks cons等。

盲點3：大詞連篇

很多考生認(rèn)為大詞生僻詞匯用得越多，得分就越高。

盲點3擊破：整體協(xié)調(diào)原則

看到劍橋系列教材大家會發(fā)現(xiàn)，考官給出的范文大詞生詞寥寥可數(shù)，真正有說服力的是你用的詞能夠準(zhǔn)確無誤的表達(dá)你的思想。試想一個語法錯誤連篇的考生盲目地使用各種生僻詞匯來堆砌文章，這無疑給考官造成一種“暴發(fā)戶”般的強(qiáng)烈視覺沖擊，最后只能適得其反。所以，用詞上我們講究與內(nèi)容以及句式結(jié)構(gòu)整體協(xié)調(diào)的原則。

三、句式(sentence structure)：長短結(jié)合，錯落有致

盲點1：長篇累牘

和用詞上的大詞連篇一樣，部分考生以能使用各種復(fù)雜的長難句為榮。

盲點1擊破：長短結(jié)合原則

事實上，如果大家有看劍橋后面的范文的話，會發(fā)現(xiàn)長難句并不象絕大多數(shù)同學(xué)想象得那般高深。通常的情況是長短句結(jié)合使用，而且論點通常用短句，而論據(jù)則長句居多。

盲點2：短小精悍

和長篇累牘型考生相反的是短小精悍型考生，為了保險起見，這類考生作文中充滿了簡單的is/am/are的主系表和主謂賓句型。

盲點2擊破：靈活多變原則

這類考生如果能稍稍變得aggressive一些，他們將是考場上最大的“黑馬”。如以Parents and teachers often link children’s score to their academic ability這個簡單句為例，通過強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的包裝我們得到：

It is children’s score that parents and teachers often link to their academic ability rather than other qualifications。

通過倒裝句的包裝我們可以得到：

So important is children’s score that parents and teachers often link them to children’s academic ability。

通過插入語的包裝我們可以得到：

Scores , as is known to everyone ,are often linked to children’s academic ability by teachers and parents。

通過分詞短語的包裝我們可以得到：

Based on the conception that scores tells everything, parents and teachers often link children’s score to their academic ability。

???

通過如此靈活的加工和包裝，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)，簡單句經(jīng)過稍稍潤色原來也可以如此光彩照人，這要比無數(shù)大詞生僻詞堆砌形成的長難句更加贏得考官的青睞。

總之，掌握了如上原則，再加上持之以恒的練習(xí)，考生一定能在Task 2中獲得自己滿意的分?jǐn)?shù)。（編

第三篇：雅思寫作

雅思寫作范文

Many old building are protected by law because they are part of a nation's history.However，some people think knocked down to make way for new ones because people need houses and offices.How important is it to maintain old buildings？ Should history stand in the way of progress？Old buildings sometimes conflicts with social advancement.Appealing as it is in the eyes of business people，tearing down old architect to make room for real-estate development is not a wise idea in many ways.The primarily reason is that old buildings，like our native language，forms our cultural identity and keep a unique record the history of a country.From this aspect，old buildings are considered very valuable as one of the symbols of the culture of a nation.For instance，the traditional Chinese residence in Beijing，Siheyuan，are once seen as the remains of the Old World，and were destroyed by people shortly after the founding of People's Republic of China.Until recently did the people and policy makers as well realize that it is an inexcusable and stupid idea to commit such a terrible deed because old buildings，once gone，are not restorable.But their economic values and aesthetic appeals have just caught the attention of Chinese people.Moreover，old buildings，if planed and preserved properly，could coexist with modern real-estate development.In France，aged buildings bring millions of dollars of revenue for the government and amazed thousands of tourists.Yet no one thinks the high-rising office buildings and apartment buildings make the old architect a sore of the eye.By contrast，the new learn from the old，a fact that makes them more attractive.We admit that not all old buildings should be treated equally and some of them do need to be torn down for various reasons such as safety and new buildings.However，we should not be too blind to see their value too.If only the real and practical factors are being considered，the country will be sorry for its loss in years to come.As we have discussed，old buildings are part of a country's history and are valuable in many ways.We should plan well and be wise enough to see their value.But the same time，we should also do our best to find solutions to make the old and the new coexist in harmony.

第四篇：雅思寫作

很多人在準(zhǔn)備雅思考試的初期都會問幾乎相同的問題：“需要多大的詞匯量？”“應(yīng)該背哪本詞匯表？”就這些問題，北語雅思的看法如下：

雅思是個能力考試（a proficiency test），與人們所熟悉的 achievement test 不同。

所謂 achievement test，是指那些對學(xué)生所學(xué)過的知識進(jìn)行檢測的考試。如每學(xué)期的期 中、期末考試。一般來說，在這樣的考試前，學(xué)校都會安排復(fù)習(xí)，老師也許還會劃定復(fù)習(xí)范圍。這些考試都和教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定的內(nèi)容和進(jìn)度等有關(guān)。考試的內(nèi)容一般不超出大綱規(guī)定的內(nèi)容。以英語為例，大綱規(guī)定了詞匯表，試題中如有超綱詞要注明中文定義。所以，每當(dāng)面臨一個新的考試時，考生會很自然地問：看哪幾本書？有沒有詞匯表？

一般來說，proficiency test 與教學(xué)進(jìn)度、內(nèi)容、教學(xué)大綱等無關(guān)，自然也與詞匯表無關(guān)。市面上有“雅思詞匯”

七、八本之多，均為出版社為了賺錢，雇人編寫的，沒有一本具有所謂“權(quán)威性”。稍好一些的有例句說明單詞的用法，差的只給出中文定義。如果想背詞匯，隨便買本“托福詞匯”、“

四、六級詞匯”、甚至某本英漢辭典，效果是一樣的。

其實，詞匯的最好學(xué)習(xí)方法是通過大量的閱讀來學(xué)習(xí)，而這種大量的閱讀正是雅思考試閱讀部分所側(cè)重的。備戰(zhàn)一個 proficiency test 時，最好的準(zhǔn)備方法就是：考什么，準(zhǔn)備什么。考閱讀，就通過閱讀準(zhǔn)備，而不是通過背詞匯表準(zhǔn)備。

常有考生問：考雅思需要多大的詞匯量？很多人把詞匯量看成是能力的標(biāo)志，這又回到 achievement test 和 achievement test 問題上。如果能從知識和能力的方面劃分考試的話，對詞匯量的測試是知識型的測試。有些考生可以得很高的知識分，但能力欠佳，即所謂“高分低能”。換言之，詞匯量不是能力標(biāo)志。從另一個角度看，詞匯量的統(tǒng)計也有問題。以下這些詞怎么算：

act, actor, actress, action, active, activity, react, reactive, reaction, counteract, interact, hyperactive 等等，這到底算幾個詞。

那么該用什么來判斷一個人是否達(dá)到了挑戰(zhàn)雅思的水平呢？很簡單，做

一、兩套模擬題就可以了。拿體育作比喻，如果你想知道自己跑一百米需要多少秒，最好的辦法就是去跑。而不是分析自己的心臟情況、血壓、體重等。當(dāng)你知道自己“吃幾碗干飯”，再去做相應(yīng)的準(zhǔn)備，去有針對性地練爆發(fā)力、步幅、節(jié)奏等。

在作聽力和閱讀試題時，三分之一的正確率就是一個很好的起點。經(jīng)過一學(xué)期的脫產(chǎn)培訓(xùn)，在考試中獲得6段是有可能的。如果起始正確率能達(dá)到三分之二，也許不用參加培訓(xùn)，考自己多做幾套模擬試題，就可以獲得很好的成績。如果正確率在三分之一以下，那就不應(yīng)該上雅思培訓(xùn)班，而應(yīng)該上一個不和任何考試掛

鉤的培訓(xùn)班。這樣的班更好地解決打基礎(chǔ)、提高能力的問題，因為大部分雅思培訓(xùn)班都花很多達(dá)到時間琢磨應(yīng)試技巧，而顧及不到能力的提高。

如何自測口語和寫作呢？看一看雅思口語和寫作的題目，你自己離議論這些題目還差多遠(yuǎn)？要想在口語和寫作考試中獲得有意義的分?jǐn)?shù)（6段），應(yīng)該能達(dá)到“侃”的水平。如論述“大城市面臨的交通問題的原因、現(xiàn)狀、出路”；“在教育孩子的過程中?懲罰?的作用”；“很多人感到越來越忙，沒有閑暇時間，原因是什么，應(yīng)該怎么辦？”。這幾個題目是去出現(xiàn)過的雅思作文真題（task 2）。口語題的難度也相差無幾，如“論教育對一個民族的重要性”。

之二

雅思考試與我們所熟悉的許多考試的區(qū)別之一是，雅思沒有語法和詞匯題。于是有人認(rèn)為不懂語法、不認(rèn)識幾個單詞也可以考雅思。考過之后才感嘆，難！于是趕緊四處打聽“有多大的詞匯量才能挑戰(zhàn)雅思”。

中國學(xué)生的習(xí)慣是，所有的考試都可以通過“準(zhǔn)備”來通過的。

北語雅思想說的是，proficiency tests 是不能“準(zhǔn)備”的，至少是不能以“期末復(fù)習(xí)、考試”那種形式來準(zhǔn)備，更不能靠達(dá)到“五千”或是“八千”詞匯來準(zhǔn)備的。北語雅思的所有教師都考過雅思，有的了兩次、三次，可是誰也不知道自己有多大的詞匯量。什么人關(guān)注“自己”的詞匯量呢？英語學(xué)習(xí)還不入門的學(xué)生，英語教學(xué)還是新手的教師。

還是那句話，考什么，你就應(yīng)該能夠做什么。比如，留學(xué)類的閱讀的三篇文章都出自原文報刊，如“New Scientist”，那么考生就應(yīng)該去看和這類雜志在難度、長度、題材有可比性的文章，通過閱讀來學(xué)習(xí)詞匯，而不是去背詞匯表。讀懂這樣的文章靠什么？語法、詞匯、背景知識等等，但這些都是次要的，主要的、乃至最重要的是：靠日積月累達(dá)到的量。

讀有難度、長度的文章比背詞匯表痛苦的多。背詞匯表可以讓人有“feel

good”、“我沒閑著”的感覺，因為可以通過“量化”來衡量自己的投入與產(chǎn)出。所以，背詞匯表的人多，腳踏實地、靠閱讀量來學(xué)習(xí)的人少。

聽聽womo于2003-3-17在51ielts.com上怎么說的：“環(huán)球說得6000-7000，不過我現(xiàn)在手里有三本雅思單詞書，發(fā)現(xiàn)他們不僅說雅思該有的單詞量不同，就連選錄的單詞也差很遠(yuǎn)，背完新東方再看環(huán)球的，一堆不會。背完環(huán)球再看楊凡的，一堆不會”。

把那些“詞匯手冊”之類的東西都扔了吧。去讀、去聽！！！

之三

淺談雅思詞匯

這個問題往往是各位準(zhǔn)備考雅思的朋友們非常關(guān)心的，說起來也很正常。詞匯量本身就是衡量英語水平和考試難度的一個尺度，尤其在雅思考試形式比較特殊，沒有考試大綱的情況下，對詞匯來年量的需求自然倍受關(guān)注。很多朋友張口就問，考雅思要不要背單詞？背什么單詞書？也有很多朋友給我發(fā)郵件來詢問這個問題。很久沒有寫關(guān)于英語學(xué)習(xí)的東西了，最近采訪了不少剛考完雅思的同學(xué)們，今天正好借這個機(jī)會和大家討論一下。

首先要說明一點，本文里面的觀點都是針對起點為詞匯量在1，500-2，000的基礎(chǔ)不是太好的朋友們。換句話說，如果你的起點更低，連最基本的1，500詞匯都沒有的話，那么我個人認(rèn)為你是必須要背單詞的，沒有多少商量的余地。

那么，具備了1，500-2，000的詞匯量，到底要不要背單詞呢？應(yīng)該背什么單詞呢？下面我就結(jié)合雅思考試的特點，分項展開說明。

首先來看看對詞匯要求最簡單的口語。有關(guān)學(xué)好口語需要多少詞匯量的問題幾乎已經(jīng)被討論爛了，比較公認(rèn)的結(jié)論應(yīng)該是500-800日常詞匯足矣。換句話說，如果你具備1，000以上的詞匯，但口語仍然不好，那請一定不要把原因歸結(jié)為詞匯量不夠，也請一定不要把解決辦法定位于背單詞。其實，除去因為缺乏練習(xí)造成的表達(dá)不夠流利之外，口語不好的主要問題在于對一些小詞掌握的不夠到位。比如get，take，make這樣的動詞，搭配上不同的介詞，幾乎可以表達(dá)所有的日常動作。因此，當(dāng)你覺得你有意思表達(dá)不出來時，先不慌查字典找單詞，而應(yīng)該問問自己，你是不是可以用已經(jīng)學(xué)過的很簡單的單詞和詞組來表達(dá)這個意思？所以說，為了提高口語，是沒有必要專門背單詞的，相反，應(yīng)該把所知道的簡單詞匯學(xué)好，學(xué)精。你知道see是看見，是否知道see off是告別？你知道large是大，又知道at large表示逃亡在外么？再次向口語不好的朋友們推薦《學(xué)好17個動詞走遍天下》，以后千萬別動不動就拿起詞匯書來背了。

接下來我們看看寫作。雅思考試作文的批改方式比較特殊，是analytical scoring，而不是象TOEFL采取的global scoring。什么叫g(shù)lobal scoring呢？其實它比較象我們中學(xué)時的作文評分方式，就是一眼看上去大概是什么水平，屬于哪個檔次，就給多少分。那么analytical scoring又是怎么回事呢？我們翻譯過來叫做“分項評分”。雅思作文評分有三項：內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)，連貫銜接，語言質(zhì)量。每一項分別評分，要注意，在給每一項評分時是不受其他兩項影響的。也就是說，哪怕你的文章離題萬里，只要文字優(yōu)美，那么語言那一項也是有可能打8分的。三項加起來除以三，就是一篇作文的最終得分。那么這種分項評分到底有什么好處呢？顯然是有的，因為英語作為外語，普遍中國學(xué)生寫作文時語言水平有限，因此如果把握好文章的內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)，在連貫方面處理得好，完全可以將最終分?jǐn)?shù)提上去。而把握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，做好連貫銜接，顯然與詞匯量的大小絲毫扯不上關(guān)系吧？退一步講，如果要提高寫作的語言質(zhì)量，也幾乎不取決于詞匯量大小。關(guān)于這一點，我在《關(guān)于寫作的一點個人體會》中詳細(xì)闡述，這里不再廢話。

說起聽力，我又要提起我反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的一個概念：聽力詞匯量。聽力詞匯量區(qū)別于閱讀詞匯量，簡單地說，就是不看拼寫，僅從發(fā)音判斷就能確定認(rèn)識的單詞，才屬于你的聽力詞匯量。對于聽力水平普遍不高的中國考生，可能聽力詞匯量還不到閱讀詞匯量的一半。而雅思聽力考試顯然要求的是更多的聽力詞匯量，而不是

閱讀詞匯。從這一點出發(fā)，整天抱著詞匯書死背，往紙上反復(fù)抄寫，對提高聽力詞匯量有百害而無一益。其次，雅思聽力作為考察英語國家生存能力的測試，對日常用語考得非常頻繁。雅思聽力的特色題目就是填空，簡答這樣需要動手填寫單詞的題目。而需要填寫的單詞往往是日常用詞。比如有一次考過jackfruit（菠蘿蜜），還考過pomelo（釉子），這樣的詞生活中很常用，可是好象哪本單詞書中都不會收錄吧？那么，整日抱著單詞書背，意義究竟何在？

最后我們來討論存在爭議最大的閱讀問題。

雅思考試的閱讀文章往往是從報刊雜志上摘下來的，這樣就造成大量的專有名詞，以及一些不常用的詞匯。這樣造成了考生在考試時遇到大量不認(rèn)識的單詞，因此帶來的結(jié)果就是，很多人馬上將自己無法答對題的原因歸結(jié)為不認(rèn)識單詞，將解決辦法歸納為背單詞。于是背了劉毅的5000和10000，三個月后滿懷信心走入考場，發(fā)現(xiàn)不認(rèn)識的單詞比上次還多！很多培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)也很不負(fù)責(zé)地拿有些考生的成績來做虛假宣傳，說某某詞匯量多少，于是閱讀多少分耳耳，好象他的成績就歸功于他詞匯量一樣。那么，問題究竟出在什么地方？

要了解這一點，首先有必要了解一下雅思閱讀的出題原則和思路。雅思閱讀是考察從文章中獲得有效信息的能力，因此充滿生詞是必然的，問題在于你能否從中讀出對你有用的信息。我可以完全負(fù)責(zé)任的說，雅思閱讀從來不出從上下文推斷詞義的題目，換句話說，雅思閱讀中根本就沒有考察詞匯量的題！！

象summary，short anwser question這樣的題目，只需要你從原文中尋找特定的信息，哪怕它是個專有名詞，你不認(rèn)識，沒關(guān)系，找出來填進(jìn)去就是了。對于大多數(shù)人來說，最難的題當(dāng)屬T/F/NG，這種題怎么考呢？比如，文中講Tom is taller than Mary。題目中說Tom is as tall as Mary。那么顯然，這道題為FALSE。有人說這太簡單了，雅思不會考這么簡單的，其實這說明你沒有意識到T/F/NG題的精髓所在罷了。對于雅思考試來說，無非就是把TOM，MARY這樣的詞換成誰都不認(rèn)識的專有名詞來嚇唬人而已，因為T/F/NG題根本就不考你的詞匯量，它考的是你對句意的把握。而能否正確把握句意，取決于你的語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力，與詞匯量無關(guān)。下面舉個真實考試的例子大家就明白了。

文中說&& is a poor predictor,%% is little better than &&.題目說%% is a good predictor.（&&和%%表示兩個難詞）。好，這個題答案是什么呢？是FALSE。為什么呢？很顯而易見，這里的專有名詞我都沒寫出來，認(rèn)不認(rèn)識肯定對答題不影響，這里題目考察的是對little better than這個語法結(jié)構(gòu)的理解，你必須知道這個結(jié)構(gòu)，才能正確把握句子的意思。那么什么人需要背單詞呢？那就是連

poor，little這樣的詞都不認(rèn)識的人才需要背，也就是我開頭說的那些基礎(chǔ)實在太差，詞匯量可能只有三位數(shù)的人。而對于很多詞匯量并不小的人，由于不認(rèn)識little better than這個結(jié)構(gòu)，照樣無法做對題目。

舉個簡單的例子，無非是想告訴大家，要看清閱讀考試的實質(zhì)，千萬不要輕易將做錯題的原因歸結(jié)為詞匯不夠。其實造成閱讀能力有限的原因是多方面的，主要是閱讀速度和對句子結(jié)構(gòu)的分析能力。前者必須通過廣泛的閱讀來鍛煉和提高，而后者，說到底是一個英語基本功是否扎實的問題，冰凍三尺非一日之寒，解決語法問題是慢工夫，并不是背背單詞就可以提高英語水平的。

說到這里，很多朋友可能會這樣問，你寫這個是不是就是要大家把手里的單詞書全都扔掉？非也。對于很多已經(jīng)工作的朋友，或者長時間不接觸英語的朋友，找一本合適自己的詞匯書看看，是盡快恢復(fù)的最好辦法之一。背單詞的關(guān)鍵在精不在多，對于一個單詞，并不是看到它知道中文意思就足夠的，如果讓你造個句子你會不會用？如果在收音機(jī)里聽到它你能不能分辨出來？這都是衡量對詞匯的掌握程度。因此，反復(fù)復(fù)習(xí)，反復(fù)再實踐中運用剛學(xué)到的單詞，才是背單詞的正道。

本人是機(jī)械背單詞的強(qiáng)烈反對者，因此從不推薦詞匯參考書。如果非要說起來的話，找一本用法詳細(xì)，注解豐富（最好有英文注解）的四級詞匯書，足矣 ：）

PS：這里我想談?wù)労芏嗨^《雅思詞匯》這樣的書。鄭重其事告訴大家，這種書絕大多數(shù)都是不科學(xué)的。首先，雅思考試沒有明確大綱，只要在英語中出現(xiàn)的詞匯，都有出現(xiàn)在卷子上的可能，并沒有規(guī)定哪些詞匯才是所謂“雅思詞匯”。很多編者宣稱他的書是經(jīng)過多少多少次對真題的統(tǒng)計得出的結(jié)論而搞出來的詞頻，大家千萬不要輕易上當(dāng)。首先，雅思真題保密工作很好，真題不可能在考場外泄露，而考生離開考場是不準(zhǔn)帶出一張紙。那么這些所謂的“統(tǒng)計者”，從哪里搞來那么多的真題作為統(tǒng)計材料？用腦子把卷子一字不差背下來？呵呵。其次，由于雅思考試的特殊性，每次考題與上次幾乎沒有關(guān)系，也就是說，一次考題中出現(xiàn)什么單詞，與它上次出現(xiàn)與否，下次還會不會出現(xiàn)，是完全沒有規(guī)律可循的。做這種統(tǒng)計本身就是無意義的。希望廣大鴨友們在選取參考書的時候一定要睜大眼睛，千萬不要被*商蒙蔽。

第五篇：雅思寫作萬能

說明一物的利弊

1、AAA has improved the quality of our lives and are playing an important role in our daily life.The benefits AAA brings to us are far more than its disadvantages.However, we cannot ignore its problem.2、On the positive side, AAA has enabled us to(1)此處填入 AAA 的優(yōu)勢之一。For instance,（2）舉例說明優(yōu)勢之一。Besides,(3)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之二。Nowadays,(4)舉例說明優(yōu)勢之二。In addition,（5）AAA 的優(yōu)勢之三。

3、On the negative side,(6)此處填入 AAA 的劣勢之一。For example,(7)舉例說明劣勢之一。Besides,(8)AAA 的劣勢之二。Furthermore,(9)AAA 的劣勢之三。

4、All in all, we can not live without AAA for the conveniences it brings to us, but we should also be aware of the negative effects it creates on the modern life.分析型

1、Recently the...has been brought into focus...Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.In this essay, I aim to explore this complicated phenomenon from diverse perspectives, identify the relevant contributing factors and bring up some effective measures.2、As far as I am concerned, an array of integrated factors contributes to the...The first role that should be blamed is...Another equally important factor lies in… Last but not least...3、As a matter of fact,...gives rise to a host of problems, such as...Confronted with such a thorny issue, people come up with a variety of constructive countermeasures.Personally, the following are worth recommendation...4、When everyone is fully aware of the severity and take feasible measures, I firmly believe...一面倒

1、.NO invention has received more praises and abuses than cars… Now there is a growing awareness over traffic safety.2、Although some people acclaim that… I am still prone to go along with the other side based on the following sound reasons...3、To embark on it, it comes as the first problem that...4、Should it remain unable to unfold my perspectives, it'll come as reinforcement that…

5、It is indisputable that nowhere in history has...been more visible.As far as I am concerned…TASK 2

命題形式一：對立觀點式

（一）A or B ,which one do you agree with? Give specific reasons for your answer.(A,B 表示供選擇的兩種觀點。Do C 指題目中提及的某件事情。如：some people prefer A in order to Do C.1、A much debated issue these days is whether A or B.Some people say that A.Others claim B.For my part, I agree with those who stress A.Studies have shown that(1)贊同 A 的原因之一。Moreover,(2)贊同 A 的原因之二。Nevertheless, it would be a mistake to discount the impact of B.We all know that(3)列舉 B 的優(yōu)勢。For instance,(4)舉例說明 B 的優(yōu)勢。However, I think that without A,B will fail to(5)總結(jié)觀點。

2、Some people hold the opinion of A.Others, however, believe B.there are advantages and disadvantages on both sides.Accounting to my personality and fondness, I would prefer A rather than B.Although B(1)B 的優(yōu)勢，there is no evidence to suggest that B is better than A.Firstly,(2)選擇 A 的第一個原因。Secondly,(3)選擇 A 的第二個原因。We can see that(4)舉例說明選擇 A 的第二個原因。Furthermore,(5)選擇 A 的第三個原因。For instance,（6）舉例說明選擇 A 的第三個原因。So, as I see it,(7)總結(jié)觀點。

3、As for the question that which is better, A or B, different people have different opinions.A has its advantages, but at the mean time, it has many disadvantages.In my point of view, I would prefer B.First of all,(1)支持 B 的原因之一。For example,(2)舉例說明支持 B 的原因之一。Another reason is that(3)支持 B 的原因之二。The third reason, however, goes4、Some people believe A, they point out the fact that(1)人們支持 A 的原因。However, other people believe B.They hold that(2)人們支持 B 的原因。As far as I’m concerned, I prefer A.As we all know(3)我支持 A 的原因之一。I remember(4)舉例說明。In addition,(5)我支持 A 的原因之二。On the other hand,(6)從反面論證 A 的優(yōu)勢。Last but not least,(7)我支持 A 的原因之三。As a matter of fact, there are also some disadvantages in A，such as(8)舉例說明 A 的劣勢。But these can be compensated by its advantages.5、There are two different views on the matter of DOING C.Some people believe that(1)支持的觀點 A.By this , they argue that(2)進(jìn)一步闡述觀點 A.For example,(3)舉例說明。Others hold, on the other hand, that(4)反對的觀點 B。Furthermore,(5)進(jìn)一步闡述觀點 B.For instance,(6)舉例說明觀點 B。Considering the views on the two sides, I prefer to put weight to the pros rather than cons.personally,(7)我支持 A 的原因。this way:(4)支持 B 的原因之三。So from what has been discussed, one can reach only this conclusion that(5)重申觀點。

（二）給出兩個對立的事物或一個事物對立的兩個方面，要求考生比較兩者的優(yōu)缺點并提供理由。Some people believe AAA while others believe BBB.Give advantages and disadvantages of the two positions and explain which position you support.Give reasons for your answer.1、AAA has improved the quality of our lives and played an important role in our daily life.The benefits AAA brings to us are far more than its disadvantages.However, it also creates some problems as well.On the positive side, AAA has enabled us to(1)此處填入 AAA 的優(yōu)勢之一。For instance,(2)舉例說明優(yōu)勢之一。Besides,(3)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之二。Nowadays,(4)舉例說明優(yōu)勢之二。In addition,(5)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之三。On the negative side,(6)此處填入 AAA 的劣勢之一。For example,(7)舉例說明劣勢之一。Also,(8)AAA 的劣勢之二。Furthermore,(9)AAA 的劣勢之三。All in all , we can’t live without AAA for the conveniences it brings to us, but we should also be aware of the negative effects it creates on the modern life.2、Some people believe AAA, but others claim BBB, while both have their advantages and disadvantages, they can be applied under different circumstances.For AAA,(1)優(yōu)勢之一。However, in some cases, there are some negative effects.Most seriously,(2)AAA 的第一個劣勢。Moreover,(3)AAA 的第二個劣勢。Again,(4)AAA 的第三個劣勢。On the other hand,(5)BBB 的優(yōu)勢。For example,(6)舉例說明 BBB 的優(yōu)勢。In my opinion, the advantages of BBB are more than those of AAA, because3、AAA may involve some problems in terms of its cost.However, there are still many advantages of AAA.First of all,(1)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之一。Furthermore,(2)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之二。Finally,(3)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之三。Some people claim that(4)人們反對 AAA 的理由之一。I don’t think this is altogether true.In fact,(5)舉例說明.People also say that(6)人們反對 AAA 的另一個理由.It is true that such cases do exist in out life.However, these cases are uncommon and are the result of bad management.So the problems are in fact the problems of bad management, not AAA itself.In conclusion, there are more advantages than disadvantages of AAA.In most cases, therefore, the cost is justified.4、There is a good side and a bad side to everything.Without exception, AAA has brought us not only benefits but also risks.As we know that(1)AAA 的一個劣勢。However, this does not mean AAA has no benefits.It is obvious that(2)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之一。Also,(3)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之二。A final point is that(4)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之三。For example,(5)舉例說明。Although there is a great deal of enthusiasm nowadays over the advantages of AAA, its disadvantages should not be neglected.Most importantly,(6)AAA 的劣勢之一。Furthermore,(7)AAA 的劣勢之二。Last but not least,(8)AAA 的劣勢之三。However, we can avoid the negative effects with appropriate management such as(9)列舉控制 AAA 負(fù)面影響的措施。So as shown above, I consider the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.命題形式二：單一觀點式

Statement A about AAA.Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give specific reasons and examples to support your answer.1、I full agree with the argument that(1)支持觀點 A.For one thing(2)支持觀點 A 的原因之一。For another,(3)支持觀點 A 的原因之二。History has told us that(4)歷史證明 A 的正確性。For example,(5)舉例證明。Furthermore,(6)進(jìn)一步闡述 A 的正確性。But some people stubbornly cling to(7)人們反對觀點 A.If we listen to these people we will(8)聽從那些

2、According to the opinion of some people , there are quite different attitudes towards AAA.Some claim that(1)人們的觀點 AAA.However, I cannot agree(2)我反對觀點 AAA.First,(3)我反對 AAA 的第一個理由。That is to say(4)進(jìn)一步闡述。Second,(5)我反對 AAA 的第二個理由。In fact,(6)舉例說明。Finally,(7)我反對 AAA 的第三個理由。To sum up,(8)總結(jié)我的觀點。But it is also necessary to stress that(9)退一步總結(jié)。

3、It is often said that(1)題目所給的觀點。Those who hold this view say that(2)進(jìn)一步闡述該觀點。I disagree with this point of view for the following reasons.The first and foremost one is(3)我反對的理由之一。History presented many examples(4)舉例說明。My second reason is(5)我反對的理由之二。We can learn this from the saying “(6)用一句諺語說明 ”.Finally, it seems4、The problem is a much debated one in that it affects everybody in their daily lives.People may prefer one to another, although some have no opinion about it.But if I am concerned, I find it hard to agree with AAA.First of all,(1)我反對 AAA 的第一個理由。It is common in daily life that(2)舉例說明。Another thing I should point out is that(3)我反對 AAA 的第二個理由。Moreover,(4)我反對 AAA 的第三個理由。In general, AAA may have something right in special cases.But it is necessarily a bad thing to(5)AAA 的缺陷。To my mind,(6)總結(jié)我的觀點。

5、There is a growing tendency these days for people to do AAA.Many people criticize this because they think(1)人們觀點 AAA.They also say that(2)進(jìn)一步闡述觀點 AAA.But it seems to me that AAA is useful to(3)AAA 的好處之一。I firmly BBB fits me in two ways: first,(7)我支持 BBB 的原因之一。Second,(8)我支持 BBB 的原因之二。人會產(chǎn)生的后果。In conclusion, I think we should not(9)我們不應(yīng)該怎麼做。On the contrary, we should(10)我們應(yīng)該怎麼做。to be true that(7)此處填入該觀點的可取之處。But(8)我反對的理由之三。All in all, I firmly believe that(9)總結(jié)我的觀點。

believe that it is not only useful but also necessary to(4)AAA 的好處之二。Examples can be easily found(5)舉例說明。As a result,(6)進(jìn)一步說明 AAA 的好處。So, based on the above discussion, I argue that(7)總結(jié)我的觀點。

（二）給一個論點，主要是對兩個事務(wù)進(jìn)行比較的陳述，要求考生支持或反對并給出理由。具體表現(xiàn)如下： A is superior to B in DOING

C.Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer.1、Something we all cannot neglect as we get older is to accept the opinions of others.On the question whether it is better to CHOOSE A or CHOOSE B, I have long admitted that A has a strong argument.Privately ,however,(1)提出自己的觀點支持 B.I disagree with the above statement and support the superiority of Ｂ.Although(2)A 具備的優(yōu)勢。There is no evidence to suggest that(3)A 勝于 B.What’s more,(4)A 的一個缺點。It also has been said that(5)A 的第二個缺點。To be sure,(6)支持 B 的一個理由。Another thing why I dispute the statement above is that I am very sure that(7)支持 B 的另一個理由。For example,(8)舉例說明。In conclusion, A could never equal B(9)A 和 B 的比較，總結(jié)觀點。

2、This controversy describes the dilemma faced by many people.As for me, I agree with the above statement that A is superior to B in DOING Ｃ.It is an obvious fact that(1)贊同 A 比 B 好的第一個原因。For instance,(2)舉例說明。Another reason I should point out lies in the fact that(3)贊同 A 比 B 好的第二個原因。In today’s world,(4)舉例說明。This may explain why A is better than B.on the other hand , a common sense goes that(5)B 的劣勢之一。Moreover,(6)B 的劣勢之二。To conclude,(7)總結(jié)我的觀點。

命題形式三：開放觀點式

Argument A(and B)about DOING Ｃ.What’s your opinion about it ?

1、An important question facing us today is(1)提出問題。Some argue that(2)觀點 A.For example,(3)舉例說明觀點 A.Again,(4)進(jìn)一步闡述觀點 A.Opponents of this view say that(5)觀點 B.They claim that(6)全面闡述 B.In my part, there are merits to both of these arguments.We should(7)我們應(yīng)該贊同 A。At the same time,(8)同時也不能忽視 B.2、Nowadays almost everyone discusses about whether AAA is desirable.People’s views on it are different.Some people believe

A.they argue that(1)闡述觀點 A.People who believe B, on the other hand ,argue that(2)闡述觀點 B.They maintain that

(3)進(jìn)一步闡述觀點B.There is certain some truth on both sides, yet neither provides a satisfactory answer.In my view,(4)我的觀點。We should(5)進(jìn)一步闡述我的觀點。As such,(6)這樣做能帶來的好處。

3、AAA is a question of controversy.People have different notions about the matter: some hold that(1)觀點 A.Others think

(2)觀點 B.Therefore, I would like to have a look at the question in this essay.One of the strong points is that(3)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之一。Moreover,(4)AAA 的優(yōu)勢之二。In fact,(5)舉例說明。On the other hand,(6)AAA 的劣勢之一。In addition,(7)AAA 的劣勢之二。For example,(8)舉例說明。As shown above, I would like to say that(9)總結(jié)我的觀點。So, each case should be reviewed and concluded on the basis of facts.4、People who support AAA hold that(1)觀點 A.Perhaps this is true, but it can not be denied that(2)我提出反對意見。I think it is important to take a glance at the argument on both sides.On one side ,people may have reasons to believe AAA.The most important reason is(3)人們支持 AAA 的理由之一。In addition,(4)人們支持 AAA 的理由之二。For instance,(5)舉例說明。Moreover,(6)人們支持 AAA 的理由之三。On the other hand, people who attack AAA claim that(7)觀點 B.They also say that there will be problems of(8)AAA 帶來的問題。As far as I am concerned, I come to the notion that everything in the world has its own two sides.Generally, AAA is acceptable in some cases.However, problems do exist.We should take more efficient measures to avoid and minimize them.Nowadays,(1)題目中問題。However, this situation has raised controversy.Some people say that(2)觀點 A.They point out that(3)進(jìn)一步闡述觀點 A.For example,(4)舉例說明。On the other hand, others say that(5)觀點 B.In my opinion, neither side is completely right.It is true that(6)我的觀點。For instance,(7)舉例說明。However,(8)從反面來平衡我的觀點 命題形式四：報告文

A specific problem AAA, suggest possible solutions(A,B,……)or recommendations(A,B,……).Give reasons for your answer.1、Nowadays AAA has become a serious problem in many countries.The reasons for this behavior are not clear , but some sociologists claim that(1)社會學(xué)家認(rèn)為導(dǎo)致問題的原因。As a matter of fact,(2)進(jìn)一步闡述此問題的原因。Consequently,(3)該原因產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。In my point of view, a possible cause of the problem is that(4)我認(rèn)為導(dǎo)致問題的原因之一。Also,(5)我人們導(dǎo)致問題的原因之二。The effects of this are well known,(6)AAA 造成的影響之一。Furthermore,(7)AAA 造成的影響結(jié)果之二。The cost to society is great.(8)社會上付出的代價。To conclude, I recommend that the only sensible way to solve this problem is(9)總結(jié)并提出建議。

2、People how are well aware of the problems AAA creates:(1)AAA 帶來的問題。The solution, I think, is for government to(2)政府所要解決的問題。One way is that(3)措施之一。There is also another way(4)措施之二。Moreover,(5)措施之

三。Indeed, we should make great efforts to solve this problem(6)總結(jié)自己的觀點。

3、In most countries AAA is causing a considerable number of problems.In some countries it is difficult to(1)闡述 AAA 帶來的第一個問題。In addition,(2)AAA 帶來的第二個問題。Also,(3)AAA 帶來的第三個問題。In my opinion, there are two main solutions to the discussed question.Firstly,(4)第一個解決方案。Secondly,(5)第二個解決方案。This is beginning to have an effect in some countries.I believe that other countries will also take this way to solve the problem in the near future.To sum up, if the problem continues, the effects will be great.So we should(6)總結(jié)觀點。

4、It is very difficult to(1)提出問題。There have been several attempts, but they have had generally little or no success.There methods are usually ineffective for many reasons.First,(2)這些方法不奏效的原因之一。Second,(3)這些方法不奏效的原因之二。In addition,(4)這些方法不奏效的原因之三。Another attempt is(5)提出另一種嘗試。In my opinion, this is a waste of money and labor,(6)我認(rèn)為這種嘗試不奏效的原因之一。Also,(7)我人們這種嘗試不奏效的原因之二。To conclude, no current methods as mentioned above are effective.I think governments as well as individuals need to work harder to find a realistic solution.5、One of the most challenging problems of today’s world is that(1)提出問題。It’s not only a question of the government but also a question of the individuals.I would like to discuss the possible solutions.First,(2)第一個解決方案。The advantage of this solution is that(3)第一個解決方案的優(yōu)點點。The second one is(4)第二個解決方案。By this method,(5)第二個解決方案的優(yōu)點。Unfortunately, this is not a truly available solution as the reality in our country shows.Another way of solving the problem is to(6)第三個解決方案。This does not seem a very fair one because(7)第三個解決方案不好的原因。One further solution here I can find is(8)第四個解決方案。However,(9)第四個解決方案的不足之處。In sum, it’s true that we can not find a definite solution for this problem.Each of the solution I presented has both advantages and disadvantages.But I believe it can be only a matter of time in the future.TASK 1

(一)信息描述或數(shù)據(jù)比較

1、The graph illustrates(1)總體介紹圖表情況。According to the graph, in YEAR1,(2)YEAR1 年的信息描述。For example,(3)舉例說明。However by YEAR2,(4)YEAR2 的信息描述。During the same period, there was a large increase in(5)描述數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)變。In YEAR1,(6)提供 YEAR1 的數(shù)據(jù)。In contrast, by YEAR2,（7）提供 YEAR2 的數(shù)據(jù)。We can conclude from this that(8)總結(jié)圖表最突出的特點。

2、The two pie charts describe(1)總體介紹圖表情況。This first point to note is(2)圖表提供的第一條信息。Comparing the graphs,(3)兩幅表比較。The graph also suggest that(4)圖表說明的問題。In conclusion, it can be seen from the data that(5)總結(jié)圖表數(shù)據(jù)所證明的內(nèi)容。The most noticeable thing is(6)總結(jié)圖表最突出的特點。

3、The first graph illustrates(1)總體介紹圖表情況。The second graph shows(2)圖表提供的第一條信息。The first graph reveals that(3)描述圖表說明的問題。The second graph tells us that(4)圖表說明的問題。As can be seen from the two graphs that

(5)總結(jié)圖表最突出的特點。

4、The two pie charts show(1)總體介紹圖表情況。And the column chart gives reasons.Overall,(2)三幅圖整體上所提供的信息。The pie charts shows that(3)圖表提供的第一條信息。The highest percentage of(4)圖表說明的問題 is(5)%.However, this is less than the percentage of(6)圖表說明的問題 for some reasons, which is approximately(7)%.The common reasons of

(8)are（9）原因。It is apparent that(10)描述數(shù)據(jù)所表明的內(nèi)容。

5、The indicators used in the table reflect that(1)總體介紹圖表情況。The data concerning(2)填入指數(shù) 1 indicators shows that(3)指數(shù)反映的情況。There figures are overwhelmingly greater than the corresponding figures of(4)填入 1 個信息主體。（5）填入指數(shù) 2 reflect(6)指數(shù)反映的情況。As for(7)指數(shù) 3 indicators, it roughly follows the same ranking.(8)指數(shù) 3 反映的情況。According to(9)指數(shù) 4 it can be seen that(10)指數(shù)反映的情況。The data appears to confirm that(11)描述數(shù)據(jù)所表明的內(nèi)容。

(二)描述事件的具體步驟或過程

The chart shows that there are four stages to complete(1)此處填入一件具體的事情。The first stage is(2)The second stage involves(3),(4)is the third stage.First of all,(5)完成步驟三的第一步Then(6)完成步驟三的第二步。The last stage consists of(7).(三)描述一事物說明她的工作程序

AAA is(1)the diagram shows it’s construction and how it works.It mainly consists of(2)AAA 的組成部分。AAA works as follows: first(3)then(4)Afterwards,(5).At last,(6).常見同義詞歸納

解決: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle

損害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize

給與：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford

培養(yǎng)：：Develop, cultivate, foster

優(yōu)勢：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength

缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness

使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle

重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative

認(rèn)為：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced

保護(hù)：Protect, conserve, preserve

確保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge

有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental

要求 ：Request, demand, needs, requisition

消除 ：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away

導(dǎo)致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate

因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this

增長至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to

降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to 保持穩(wěn)定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out

急劇地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably

平穩(wěn)地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly宣稱：Allege, assert, declare, claim 發(fā)生：Happen, occur, take place

原因：Reason, factor, cause

發(fā)展：Development, advance, progress

有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous

影響：Influence, impact, effect

明顯的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear

占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose

與…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to 對比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely

展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe

大約：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly

波動：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation

事實上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that 換言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle