第一篇：201212 網絡大學英語寫作復習資料

201212大學英語B統考—— 寫作（共九類）一類：我的某某人，如老師，媽媽，同學，朋友等。題目：My English Teacher（我的英語老師）/ My Teacher in High School（我的高中老師）/ My Teacher（我的老師）/ A(Good)Teacher to Remember（一位難忘的老師）/ My Favorite Teacher（我最喜愛的老師）

My English teacher is Miss Wang.She is a beautiful lady.She has a round face and bright eyes.She is always smiling.Miss Wang is a good teacher.She works very hard.Every day she comes to school very early and is always the last one to leave.She speaks very good English and she teaches well.She also tells us what are the right things to do.She is a motherly teacher.She treats us as her own children and takes good care of us.She is so kind that everyone loves her.This is Miss Wang, my favorite teacher.I feel so lucky to have her as my teacher.I hope that someday I can be a teacher just like her.王老師是我的英語老師。她很漂亮。她長著一張圓臉和一對明亮的眼睛。她總是在微笑著。

王老師是一位好老師。她工作非常努力。每天她都很早到學校，總是最后一個離開。她英語說得很棒，教得也很好。而且她還教我們如何明辨是非。她是慈母般的老師。她把我們當作自己的孩子一樣看待，細心照顧我們。她人很好，大家都喜歡她。

這就是王老師，我最喜愛的老師。我為有她這樣的老師而感到幸運。我希望有朝一日我也能成為像她這樣的老師。

題目：My Best Friend（我最好的朋友）/ My Close Friend（我的好朋友）/ My Best Schoolmate（我最好的同學）/ My Classmates（我的同學們）/ My Best Workmate（我最好的同事）

Li Xia is my best friend.She is an English teacher.She is a beautiful lady.She has a round face and bright eyes.She is always smiling.Li Xia is a good teacher.She works very hard.Every day she comes to school very early and is always the last one to leave.She speaks very good English and she teaches well.She also tells her students what are the right things to do.She is a motherly teacher.She treats her students as her own children and takes good care of them.She is so kind that everyone loves her.This is Li Xia, my best friend.I feel so lucky to have her as my best friend.I hope that we will be best friends forever.李霞是我最好的朋友。她是一位英語老師。她很漂亮。她長著一張圓臉和一對明亮的眼睛。她總是在微笑著。

李霞是一位好老師。她工作非常努力。每天她都很早到學校，總是最后一個離開。她英語說得很棒，教得也很好。而且她還教她的學生如何明辨是非。她是慈母般的老師。她把她的學生當作自己的孩子一樣看待，細心照顧他們。她人很好，大家都喜歡她。

這就是李霞，我最好的朋友。我為有她這樣的好朋友而感到幸運。我希望我們永遠都是最好的朋友。

題目：My Mother（我的母親）/ The One I Love Most（我最愛的人）/ My Family（我的家庭）/ The Man I Love Most in My Life（生命中我最愛的人）/ My Father（我的父親）/ My Beloved Grandparents（我摯愛的祖父母）

My mother is an English teacher.She is a beautiful lady.She has a round face and bright eyes.She is always smiling.My mother is a good teacher.She works very hard.Every day she comes to school very early and is always the last one to leave.She speaks very good English and she teaches well.She also tells herstudents what are the right things to do.She is a motherly teacher.She treats her students as her own children and takes good care of them.She is so kind that everyone loves her.This is my mother.I feel so lucky to have her as my mother and I love her.I hope that someday I can be a teacher just like her.我的母親是一位英語老師。她很漂亮。她長著一張圓臉和一對明亮的眼睛。她總是在微笑著。

我的母親是一位好老師。她工作非常努力。每天她都很早到學校，總是最后一個離開。她英語說得很棒，教得也很好。而且她還教她的學生如何明辨是非。她是慈母般的老師。她把她的學生當作自己的孩子一樣看待，細心照顧他們。她人很好，大家都喜歡她。

這就是我的母親。我為有她這樣的母親而感到幸運，我愛她。我希望有朝一日我也能成為像她這樣的老師。

二類：計劃類，如國慶計劃安排，新年安排，假期

安排等。

My Plan for the National Day Holiday（我的國慶假期

計劃）

The National Day Holiday is coming.It is a very important festival in China.Everybody has his or her plan for the National Day Holiday.I have a plan, too.My plan is as follows:

First, I’ll take a good rest, as I’m always busy with my work.Second, I want to stay with my parents.I’m not usually together with them.Third, I want to meet some of my friends and relatives, as these days we don’t see each other often.Fourth, I want to give my room a good cleaning.Finally, I will study English for the coming examination.This is my plan for the coming National Day Holiday

國慶假期要到了。這在中國是一個非常重要的節日。每個人對于國慶節都有自己的計劃。我也有一個計劃。我的計劃如下：

首先，我要好好休息一下，因為我平時工作很忙。第二，我想陪陪父母，我并不是經常與他們在一起。第三，我想見見一些親戚朋友，因為我們現在不怎么有機會見面。第四，我想好好打掃一下房間。最后，我想為即將到來的考試學習下英語。

這就是我對即將到來的國慶假期的計劃。以上范文可套用的題目：The Chinese New Year（中國新年）/ My Plan for the Spring Festival（我的春節計劃）/ My Plan for Summer Vacation（我的暑假計劃）/My travel plan（我的旅行計劃）

三類：學習類

題目：Why I Study English?（我為什么學習英語？）/ Why Do Students Like Learning English?（為什么學生喜歡學習英語？）/ Why I Like Learning English?（為什么我喜歡學英語？）

English is an international language.It is very useful.I like English very much.And this is how I study English.First, I remember 30 English words every day.Second, I go over the grammar points regularly.Third, I read articles in English newspaper and I read simple novels in English.Fourth, I listen to English radio programs and watch English TV programs.Finally, I listen to English music and watch English movies.This is how I study English.As a result, I’m more and more interested in English and my English has improved greatly.Practice makes perfect.If I keep practicing, I believe that my English will be better and better.英語是一門國際性語言。它非常有用。我非常喜歡英語。我就是這樣學習英語的。

首先，我每天背30個英文單詞。第二，我定期復習語法要點。第三，我閱讀英文報紙的文章以及簡單的英文小說。第四，我聽英語的廣播節目，看英語的電視節目。最后，我聽英文音樂，看英文電影。

我就是這樣學習英語的。結果，我現在對英語更感興趣了，英語也有了很大的進步。熟能生巧。如果我繼續不斷練習的話，我的英語將會變得越來越棒。

以上范文可套用的題目：Self-study（自學）/How to Achieve Success of Distance Learning?（如何在遠程學習中獲得成功）/(My)School Life（我的學校生活）/My First Year in College（大學生活的第一年）/My Study Plan（我的學習計劃）/How to Learn English Well?（如何學好英語？）/My English Study（我的英語學習）/How to Overcome Difficulties in My English Studies?（如何克服英語學習中的困難？）/ Never Give Up（永遠不要放棄）/My Study Plan（我的學習計劃）/ My Dream（我的理想）/ My Hobbies（我的愛好）/Why I Like Learning English為何我喜歡英語

四類：優點和缺點

Television / About Television（電視）

TV plays the vital role in our life.TV can be seen everywhere in our daily life.Almost each family has one TV set.However, there is a good side and a bad side to everything, and TV is no exception.TV has its advantages.TV is very important to help me to get information and knowledge.Various TV programs make me get to know the world and help me with my studies.However, TV also has its disadvantages.Watching too much TV program can waste a lot of time.Some programs are boring and useless, and they can bring us bad information.So, every coin has two sides, we should choose the right one.電視在我們生活中扮演重要角色。電視在我們生活中隨處可見。每個家庭都有電視。然而每件事都有他的兩面性，電視也不例外。

電視有它的有點。電視能幫助我獲得信息。豐富的電視節目讓我不斷的了解世界幫助我學習。

但是，電視也有缺點。看太多電視浪費時間。有些節目無聊沒用，并且會給我們帶來壞的信息。

總之，一個硬幣有它的兩面，我們要選擇好的那面。

以上范文可套用的題目： The Computer（電腦）/The Digital Products（數碼產品）/ About Internet（論網絡）/My Favorite TV Program（我最愛的電視節目）/ On Money（關于金錢）/ Money Is Not Everything（金錢不是萬能的）/ Can Money Buy Happiness?（錢能帶來快樂嗎？）/Private Cars in China（中國私家車）/Buy A Car Or Not?（買不買車？）/ On Private Cars（關于私家車）/ Advantages And Disadvantages of the Mobile Phone（手機的利與弊）/ My Opinion on Cell Phones（我對于手機的看法）/On TV Ads（關于電視廣告）/ My View on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements（廣告的負面影響）

五類：運動類

題目：Do Physical Exercise（鍛煉身體）/ About Physical Exercise（體育鍛煉）/ The Sport Activities I Like Best（我最喜歡的體育活動）/ Sports（運動）

Everyone hopes to live happily in the world.There is a famous saying: life lies on exercise.So exercise can help you live longer and more healthily.First, exercise is good for us to build our bodies.It makes the heart beat faster and make us stranger.Sports can also make us eat more than usual which contributes to our bodies.Second, exercise can make us happy.Some sport like basketball is interesting.So playing basketball can bring us into happiness.Third, exercise can help us get rid of our bad habits.We will not be lazy after a period of exercise.In a word, exercise is important, helpful and absolutely necessary.每個人都想在這個世界上獲得快樂。俗話說生命在于運動。運動可以讓你的生命延續，活得更快樂。

首先，運動能強健體魄。它能使心臟跳動加快，讓我們更加強壯。

第二，運動能讓我們快樂。有些運動，比如籃球，很有意思。所以打籃球能給我們帶來快樂。

第三，運動能幫助我們改掉壞習慣。經過一段時間的運動之后，我們就不再懶惰。

總之，運動很重要，很有用，也絕對有必要。以上范文可套用的題目：Health And Wealth（健康與財富）, My Favorite Sport（我最喜愛的運動）, My Favorite Form of Entertainment（我最喜歡的娛樂形式）, My Favorite Hobby（我最喜歡的愛好）, Ways to Keep Fit（保持健康的方法）, How to Keep Healthy（如何保持健康）, Health And Eating Habits（健康與飲食習慣）, My Hobbies（我的愛好）, My Interests（我的興趣）, How I Spend My Spare Time（我如何度過閑暇時光）, My Favorite Hobby（我最喜歡的愛好）, My Hobby（我的愛好）, My Activities in Leisure Time（我的閑暇生活）, My Favorite Food（我最喜歡的食物）, My Favorite TV Program（我最喜歡的電視節目）, My Ideal Job（我理想的工作）, The Job I Like（我喜歡的工作）, My Favorite Book（我最喜歡的書籍）, The Book I Like Best（我最喜歡的書籍）, My Favorite Means of Getting Information（我最喜歡的獲得信息的方式）, The Sports Activities I Like Best（我最愛的體育運動）

六類：遠程教育學習

題目：My Expectation of the Long-Distance Education（對遠程教育的期望）

Now, I am a student of Shanghai Distance Education College.In other words, I am a distance learner.I have a lot of expectations on my distance education.First, I want to improve my spoken English.I work in a foreign invested company.My boss is a foreigner.I need to talk with him in English every day.So I would like to improve my spoken English very much.Second, I hope to improve my English writing ability.I need to receive and answer emails in English every day, but I don’t know many English words.These above are my expectations of the long-distance education.現在，我是一名上海網絡教育學院的學生。換言之，我是一名遠程學習者。對于遠程教育，我有許多期待。第一，我希望可以提高我的英語口語。我在外企上班。老板是外國人。我每天都需要用英語和他交流。所以，我非常想要提高英語口語。第二，我希望提高英語寫作能力。每天我都需要收發英文郵件，我的詞匯量不大。

以上這些就是我對遠程教育的期望。

以上范文可套用的題目：How to Achieve Success of Distance Learning（如何在遠程學習中獲得成功）, The Course I Hate Most of The Long-Distance Education（我最討厭的遠程教育課程）, Difficulty in Studying English（英語學習的困難）, My Favorite Course（我最喜歡的課程）, The Course I Like Best of THE Long-Distance Education（我最喜歡的遠程教育課程）

七類：書信類

題目：A letter to friend

信件要求：1.介紹你的近況。2.請他幫你買英語口語書。3.歡迎他方便時來訪。

May 1st, 2011

Dear Tom,Haven’t heard from you for some time!How are you doing? Everything is fine with me except that the final examination is getting nearer and nearer andI’m busy preparing for it.I’ve got some problems in my English study, especially in spoken English.My teacher recommended me a book.The book is called Advanced Spoken English.But it is not sold here in my town.Since you are in Beijing, could you buy one for me? I’d be very grateful if you could help me.We haven’t seen each other since last time we met.I hope that you will visit my hometown again sometime if possible.So much has changed that you could barely recognize it!And it would be great to be together with you once again.Looking forward to hearing from you soon.Best wishes!

Yours, Alice

2011年5月1日

親愛的湯姆：

很久沒收到你的來信了。最近好記嗎？我一切都挺好，只是期末考試越來越近，我現在忙著復習。

我的英語學習有些問題，特別是口語方面。我的老師給我推薦了一本書。書名叫《高級英語口語》。但是我們鎮里沒有賣。既然你在北京，不知道我能不能麻煩你幫我買一本呢？如果你能幫我這個忙的話，我將不勝感激。

自從上次碰面之后，我們就再也沒見過面了。如果可能的話，希望你有時間再到我家鄉來看看。這里變化很大，你肯定都認不出來了。如果能再次和你見面，那就真的太好了！

期待你的來信。祝好！此致愛麗絲

以上范文可以套用的信件寫作題：

1.選擇一個你想旅游的地點，并安排旅行計劃，你應包括下列內容：1.說明你想旅游的地點2.說明你為什么選擇這個地點3.描述你的旅游計劃

2.假如你是李明，你遺失了一本書。你應包括下

列內容：1.書在哪里遺失的；2.這本書對你很重要；3.拾到者該如何聯系你

3.你的一位外國朋友給你來信，打算到中國旅

游。你給他回信，提出旅游建議。你的回信應包括下列內容：1.接到朋友的來信；2.你對旅游的安排計劃及理由；3.表達你希望見到朋友的心愿

4.寫一封信，要求：1.告訴對方你要從大學畢

業；2.詢問對方的近況；3.問問能否在暑假聚會

5.寫一封信，要求：1.了解對方近日的情況；

2.介紹你的近況；3.邀請對方方便時來訪 6.寫一封信，要求：1.了解對方近日的情況；

2.通知他（她）：元旦有一個同學聚會。3.邀請對方參加

7.寫一封信，要求：1.了解對方近日的學習情

況；2.介紹你的學習的近況；3.請對方說說提高英語水平的經驗

8.寫一封信，要求：1.介紹你的近況；2.請他

幫你買英語口語書；3.歡迎他方便時來訪

八類：最喜歡的某某某

此類套用一篇范文，范文如下：

My Favorite Book我最喜歡的一本書

My favorite book is My Childhood.The reasons are as follows.Firstly, it brings me happiness.It always cheers me up when I am in a bad mood.Secondly, I learn a lot from it.It contains a lot of information about life and the world.It teaches me many new things.Thirdly, it makes me stronger.It helps me find confidence in myself.With confidence I overcome all the difficulties I meet.Fourthly, it helps me realize my self-worth.It enables me to find my place in life.I learn how to set a goal, work continuously towards the goal and embrace the future.To sum up, I like My Childhood best.我最喜歡的書是《童年》。原因如下：

首先，它給我帶來快樂。在我不開心時，它總能給我鼓勵。

第二，我從中學到很多知識。它講述了很多人生和世事的哲理，教會了我很懂新知識。

第三，它讓我強大。它讓我找到了自信。擁有了自信，我克服了種種困難。

第四，它讓我認識到自身的價值。它幫我找到了人生的位置。我學會了如何制定目標，不斷努力，擁抱未來。

中而言之，我最喜歡《童年》。以上范文可套用的題目：My Favorite Food（我最喜歡的食物）/My Favorite Means of Transportation（我最喜歡的交通方式）/My Favorite Season（我最喜歡的季節）/My Favorite TV Show（我最喜歡的電視節目）/My Favorite Way to Get Information（我最喜愛的獲得信息的方式）/My Favorite Job（我最愛的工作）/My Favorite Long-distance Education Course（我最喜愛的遠程教育課程）/My Favorite Sport（我最喜歡的體育運動）

九類：看法類

此類套用一篇范文，范文如下：

Plant More Trees 種更多的樹

April is the best time for green.Everything turns back to life in the warm weather and is enjoying the energy of a new life.Trees are more and more important to the earth.Planting trees is the basic thing to provide a green and healthy environment.Trees, as they are green in color, can make a city or place look more beautiful.It is also valuable in avoiding noises, sandstorms and deserts.It can bring us back a beautiful earth.So, everyone, if you want to make the air clean, please try your best to protect the environment and plant more trees.四月是萬物蔥蔥的最好時節。在溫暖的氣候里萬物重回生機，開始獲得重生的能量。首先，樹木對地球越來越重要。植樹是一種最基本的提供綠色健康生活環境的辦法。其次，因為他們的顏色是綠色的，能讓城市或環境看起來更漂亮。同時，樹林在避免噪音、沙塵、沙漠方面也大有益處。總之，這些都能帶給我們一個美麗的地球。因此，如果大家都想讓環境變得清新，請盡最大努力來保護環境，種更多的樹。

第二篇：大學寫作復習資料

下學期復習資料

一，填空

1、表達方式有五種：(敘事)、（描寫)、(抒情)、（議論)、(說明)。

2、對論點的要求是：一，（論點必須正確）；二，（論點要深刻）；三，（論點必須針對實際）。

3、懸念由兩部分組成：（設懸）、（解懸）。

4、立骨是確立文章骨架的一種寫作技法，立骨的方式有：（一字立骨）、（一句立骨）、（一段立骨）。

5、反諷的方式有：（言語反諷）、（情景反諷）、（互文反諷）。

6、從象征在文章使用的范圍來看，可分為：（局部象征）和（整體象征）。

7、通報適用于（表彰先進），（批評錯誤），傳達重要精神或者情況。

8、論據的要求：一，（論據要真實）；二，論據（要充足有力）。

9、有的消息是三行標題，第一行稱為（引題），第二行稱為（正題），第三行稱為（副題）。

10、駁斥論敵的方法有：反駁（論點）、反駁（論證）和反駁（論據）。

11、說明的基本方法有：（介紹說明）、（定義說明）、（分類說明）、（舉例說明）、（比較說明）、（比喻說明）等。

12、函適用于不相隸屬機關之間（商洽）工作，（詢問）和（答復）問題；（請求批準）和答復審批事項。

13、計劃中目標、任務，回答的是（“ 做什么 ”）的問題；措施、步驟回答的是（“ 怎么做 ”）的問題。

14、敘述人稱是敘述事件經過、人物經歷時敘述人在文章中身份，它是以敘述者的立足點來確定的。有（第一人稱）的表達方式和（第三人稱）的表達方式。

15、敘述的方式主要有：（順序）、（倒敘）、（插敘）、（補敘）。

16、人物描寫包括：（肖像描寫）、（語言描寫）、（行動描寫）、（心理描寫）。

17、間接抒情的具體方式有：（寓情于事）、（寓情于景）、（寓情于物）、（寓情于理）。

18、駁斥論敵的方法有：反駁（）、反駁（）和反駁（）。

19、求職信和應聘信的特點是：求職對象的（）；信件內容的（）；工作崗位的（）。

二、單項選擇

1、下列公文標題中書名號使用正確的是（）A、XX局關于印發《企業所得稅稅前扣除辦法》的通知 B、XX省政府轉發《國務院關于XXXX的意見》的通知

C、XX市關于印發《XXX同志在XXXX會議上的講話》的通知 D、國務院辦公廳轉發《農業部關于XXXX的意見》的通知

2、下列既可以向上級行文，又可以向下級行文的是（）A、通知 B、通知 C、意見 D、通報

3、向國內外宣布重要事項或者法定事項時使用（）A、公告 B、通告 C、通報 D、決定

4、表揚好人好事的通報，正文結構一般是（）

A、概括主要事實——號召大家學習——分析精神實質——提出表彰方式 B、概括主要事實——分析精神實質——提出表彰方式——號召大家學習C、提出表彰方式——號召大家學習——概括主要事實——分析精神實質 D、概括主要事實——提出表彰方式——號召大家學習——分析精神實質

5、向上級機關匯報工作，反映情況，答復上級機關詢問時用（）A、報告 B、決定 C、總結 D、請示

6、下列是一份公文的成文日期，書寫規范的是（）A、2004年5月10日 B、二零零四年五月十日 C、二00四年5月10日 D、二00四年五月十日

7、下列可以不加蓋發文機關印章的是（）A、報告 B、通知 C、會議紀要 D、通報

8、受雙重領導的機關向上級機關行文，應當這樣處理（）A、寫明主送機關和抄送機關 B、主送一個上級機關

C、報送兩個上級機關 D、主送并報送兩個上級機關

9、公文的成文時間應當是（）

A、負責人簽發的日期 B、寫公文的日期 C、分發公文的日期 D、印公文的日期

10、“當否，請批復”常用在（）的結尾

A、函 B、請示 C、報告 D、議案

11、行政公文如果有附件，應在（）標識附件名稱

A、正文之后成文日期之前 B、成文日期之后主題詞之前 C、主題詞之后 D、標題之后正文之前

12、議案的收文機關是（）

A、同級人民政府 B、上級人民政府 C、上級人民代表大會或人民代表大會常務委員會 D、同級人民代表大會或人民代表大會常務委員會

13、公文標題中應加書名號的是（）

A、規章 B、命令 C、意見 D、決定

14、發文字號應當包括機關代字、（）和發文序號 A、年份

B、簡稱

C、月份

D、全稱

15、任免一般干部，應使用（）A.函 B.通知 C.通報 D.意見

16、傳達重要精神或情況，應使用（）A.函 B.通知 C.通報 D.意見

17、答復上級機關的詢問，應使用（）A.報告 B.通報 C.意見 D.請示

18、撰寫“請示”必須（）

A.一文一事 B.與報告合用 C.用于匯報工作情況 D.用于通知事項

19、向無隸屬關系機關請求批準事項，應使用（）A.請示 B.意見 C.通知 D.函

20、表揚好人好事的通報，正文結構一般是（）

A、概括主要事實——號召大家學習——分析精神實質——提出表彰方式 B、概括主要事實——分析精神實質——提出表彰方式——號召大家學習C、提出表彰方式——號召大家學習——概括主要事實——分析精神實質 D、概括主要事實——提出表彰方式——號召大家學習——分析精神實質

21、、向上級機關匯報工作，反映情況，答復上級機關詢問時用（）A、報告 B、決定 C、總結 D、請示

22、下列是一份公文的成文日期，書寫規范的是（）A、2004年5月10日 B、二零零四年五月十日 C、二00四年5月10日 D、二00四年五月十日

23、下列可以不加蓋發文機關印章的是（）A、報告 B、通知 C、會議紀要 D、通報

24、受雙重領導的機關向上級機關行文，應當這樣處理（）A、寫明主送機關和抄送機關 B、主送一個上級機關

C、報送兩個上級機關 D、主送并報送兩個上級機關

25、公文的成文時間應當是（）

A、負責人簽發的日期 B、寫公文的日期 C、分發公文的日期 D、印公文的日期

26、“當否，請批復”常用在（）的結尾

A、函 B、請示 C、報告 D、議案

27、行政公文如果有附件，應在（）標識附件名稱

A、正文之后成文日期之前 B、成文日期之后主題詞之前 C、主題詞之后 D、標題之后正文之前

28、議案的收文機關是（）

A、同級人民政府 B、上級人民政府 C、上級人民代表大會或人民代表大會常務委員會 D、同級人民代表大會或人民代表大會常務委員會

29、公文標題中應加書名號的是（）

A、規章 B、命令 C、意見 D、決定 30、發文字號應當包括機關代字、（）和發文序號 A、年份

B、簡稱

C、月份

D、全稱

三、判斷

1、我國現行的行政機關公文種類有13種，黨內公文種類有14種。（）

2、公文附件和正文有同等效力。（）

3、任何公文都必須標識“秘密等級和保密期限”。（）

4、請示一般可以越級行文。（）

5、為了提高辦事效率，“報告”中也可以夾帶請示事項。（）

6、批復必須針對下級機關所請示的問題而復。（）

7、機關公文的開頭，一般都要求開門見山，落筆入題，不象文學作品那樣講究迂回曲折，漸入佳境。（）

8、所有公文都要有主送機關。（）

9、計劃按表達形式分，有條文式計劃、表格式計劃、條文兼表格式計劃。（）

10、求職信不能渲染與求職無關的才能。（）

11、“請示”要“一事一請”，不能把幾個事情寫在一起。（）

12、只能是上級批轉下級上報的公文，下級不能批轉上級的公文，平行機關之間也不能相互批轉公文。（）

13、通知的結尾，可以發出號召，抒發感情。（）

14、通報中的分析、評價都必須依據事實作基礎，褒貶得當，分析入理。（）

15、向有關主管部門請求批準可以使用“函”。（）

16、學校處分違紀學生可以用“公告”。（）

17、計劃按表達形式分，有條文式計劃、表格式計劃、條文兼表格式計劃。（）

18、總結的標題，只有公文式標題。（）

19、請示不一定都要寫結尾的常用語。（）

20、公文標題中除法規、規章名稱加書名號外，一般不用標點符號。（）

21、批復必須針對下級機關所請示的問題而復。（）

22、機關公文的開頭，一般都要求開門見山，落筆入題，不象文學作品那樣講究迂回曲折，漸入佳境。（）

23、所有公文都要有主送機關。（）

24、計劃按表達形式分，有條文式計劃、表格式計劃、條文兼表格式計劃。（）

25、求職信不能渲染與求職無關的才能。（）

26、“請示”要“一事一請”，不能把幾個事情寫在一起。（）

27、只能是上級批轉下級上報的公文，下級不能批轉上級的公文，平行機關之間也不能相互批轉公文。（）

28、通知的結尾，可以發出號召，抒發感情。（）

29、通報中的分析、評價都必須依據事實作基礎，褒貶得當，分析入理。（）30、向有關主管部門請求批準可以使用“函”。（）

四、解釋概念

1、喻證法

2、對比法

3、歸謬法

4、歸納法

5、定義說明

6、象征

7、蒙太奇：

8、那輾

9、反諷

10、黑色幽默

11、懸念

12、詩歌

13、散文：

五、簡要回答下列問題

1、什么是第三人稱的敘述角度？

2、什么是消息寫作的“倒金字塔結構”？

3、請示與報告的區別是什么？

4、什么是第一人稱的敘述角度？

5、描寫的要求是什么？

6、撰寫求職信和應聘信應注意哪些事項？

7、簡述說明的要求：

8、如何寫好通訊？

9、應用文的特點是什么？

六、寫作小練習

1、寫一段寄情于理的文字（不少于10句）

2、運用象征手法，寫一段散文式的文字（不少于10句）或一首短詩（4句——8句）

3、運用對比論證方法，寫一段議論性的文字（不少于10句）。

4、根據下列材料擬寫一份公函：

冶金部于1999年12月28日，給XX省人民政府一函，聯系商洽的事情是擬請XX省光大進出口分公司派一名精通業務并懂英語的業務員參加。中國光大進出口總公司于2000年2月底派一貿易小組赴德國進行推銷和調研活動。如同意，請將給XX省審批的出國人員的批件，于1月底以前寄中國光大進出口總公司。公文順序號為28號，發文日期：1999年12月28日。

5、根據材料擬寫一份通告

XX市老年大學為進一步為老年人服務，打算舉辦老年自行車比賽，比賽定名為“青松杯”老年自行車比賽，并獲得了肯德基店的1200元贊助。將于2003年2月10日上午9時至12時在XX市舉行。公安局長支持這一活動。為保證賽事順利進行，將對東環路、北環路、南環西路、學院路實行交通管制，屆時將禁止一切機動車輛通行（當然，警車、救護車、消防車、工程搶險車可以例外）。據此消息，請代該市公安局擬一份通告。

6、根據材料擬寫一份通知

XX省高等教育教學改革研討會決定于2007年7月18日～24日在XX大學召開，于6月20日發出會議通知。會議的內容是研究和探討當前高校教學改革的有關問題，各學校主管教學的副校長或教務處長均可參加。會期為7天，7月18日報到，報到和開會地點是：南京理工大學招待所。要求各學校半個月內交來相關教改論文一篇。會議費自理。

7、將下面通訊改寫為通報

李堅 舍己救人 英勇獻身 共青團全國鐵道委員會和團委決定

授予“優秀少先隊員”光榮稱號并追認為共青團員

本報訊：5月28日下午，共青團哈爾濱鐵路局委員會在局工會俱樂部召開大會，宣讀共青團全國鐵路委員會和共青團四川省委的決定，授予為搶救落水同學而英勇獻身的李堅同學“優秀少先隊員”的光榮稱號，并根據他生前要求，追認他為共青團員。

李堅同學生前是阿城鐵路中學學生，剛滿14周歲，2012年5月2日，李堅和另外四名小朋友在河邊玩耍，忽然，張昆同學不慎落入水中，李堅當即跳下水去營救，張昆被救了，而他卻獻出了年輕的生命。

團委副書記等領導在講話中分別號召全國鐵路系統和省內各地的小朋友向李堅同學學習，做一個有理想、有道德、無私無畏的好孩子。

8、指出下列公文文稿的錯誤之處，并根據公文寫作與處理的要求，改寫為一份正確的公文。

×××大學文件

×校發〔2012×〕××號 簽發人：×××

關于2012年招生計劃的申報 市教育委員會：

教委（×發〔2012〕×號）文件《關于申報2012招生專業計劃的通知》已收到，我們對文件的精神進行了認真學習，大家一致表示要落實教委的意見，積極發展高等職業教育，辦好社會所需要的各種新型專業。經我校各院系研究，決定2012年申報25個專業，招收本專科學生共3000名。特申報給你們。

附：招生計劃表。

×××大學

二○一二×年×月×日

主題詞： ×× ×× ×× ×× 抄送市人民政府

七、大作文（待定）

參考答案

一、填空

1、敘述、描寫、抒情、議論、說明

2、一，論點必須正確；二，論點要深刻；三，論點必須針對實際。

3、設懸、解懸。

4、一字立骨、一句立骨、一段立骨。

5、言語反諷、情境反諷刺、互文反諷。

6、局部象征、整體象征。

7、表彰先進，批評錯誤。

8、一，論據要真實；二，要充足有力。

9、引題，正題，副題。

10、論點、論據、論證。

11、介紹說明、定義說明、分類說明、舉例說明、比較說明、比喻說明。

12、商洽，詢問，答復，請求批準。

13、做什么，怎么做。

14、第一人稱、第三人稱。

15、順序、倒敘、插敘、補敘。

16、肖像描寫、語言描寫、行動描寫、心理描寫。

17、寓情于事、寓情于景、寓情于物、寓情于理。

18、論點、論據、論證。

19、針對性、自薦性、競爭性。

二、單項選擇

1、A

2、C

3、A

4、B

5、A

6、D

7、C

8、A

9、A

10、B

11、A

12、D

13、A

14、A

15、B

16、C

17、A

18、A

19、D 20、B

21、A

22、D

23、C

24、A

25、A

26、B

27、A

28、D

29、A 30、A

三、判斷

1、∨

2、∨

3、×

4、×

5、×

6、∨

7、∨

8、×

9、∨

10、∨

11、∨

12、∨

13、×

14、∨

15、×

16、×

17、∨

18、×

19、× 20、∨

21、∨

22、∨

23、×

24、∨

25、∨

26、∨

27、∨

28、×

29、∨ 30、×

四、解釋概念

1、喻證法：是通過打比方，用具體的事物來論證比較抽象、深奧，或人們比較生疏、難以理解的道理。

用來打比方的可以是具體的事實，也可以是寓言、神話或其他虛擬的材料。

2、對比法：把兩種對立的事物或道理對舉出來，進行比較、對照，來證明論點的論證方法，也叫正反論證。對比論證可以列舉對立的一對事物，也可以列舉對立的多種事物。

把兩種獨立的事物或道理，放在一起作比較，孰是孰非，何優何劣，就會一目了然。

3、歸謬法：也叫引申法，只用于反駁論敵。它先假定對方的論點是正確的，然后以此為前提進行推理，結果引申出來的結論是荒謬的、錯誤的，當然也是不能成立的。

4、歸納法：歸納法是從特殊到一般，即綜合許多具有內在聯系的個別事實的共同特點，歸納出一般原理和結論的一種論證方法。

5、定義說明：用下定義的方法來說明事物、事理，即用簡明扼要的文字對事物的本質屬性或概念的內涵外延作出確切的說明。

6、象征：是以具體、形象的事物，來寓意或揭示人們對生活的感受和認識，強化或美化人與物之精神品格的一種藝術手段和方法。

7、蒙太奇：本是建筑術語，又轉用到電影中，指鏡頭的剪輯、組合；

在寫作中，是指借助某種形式，把不同時空的生活內容巧妙地組接在一起，以表達生活的內容和作者思想感受的一種寫作技法。

8、那輾：一種寫作技法，那輾，是搓挪和輾開之意，搓挪就是在引出描述的主要對象和問題之后，不立即道明，而是左盤右旋，延緩事情的發展；輾開就是在寫到快要接近矛盾的解決時，又故意停頓下來，再遠遠地宕開去。

9、反諷：一種寫作技法，是以超然的態度、戲謔的口吻，表達言外之意的方式。

10、黑色幽默：一種寫作技法，是用喜劇形式表現悲劇的內容。

11、懸念：一種寫作技法。指作者精心設置疑竇和矛盾，以激活讀者閱讀興趣的藝術手段。

12、詩歌：一種用豐富新奇的想象和富有節奏、韻律的語言，高度概括地歌唱生活、抒發感情的文學體裁。

13、散文：一種題材廣泛、寫法自由、個性鮮明、文情并茂的文學體裁。

五、簡要回答下列問題

1、是指敘述者以局外人的口吻，敘述“他”或“他們”的事情；

是一種最自由靈活的敘述角度；很少受時間和空間的限制，可以多角度、多方位地刻畫人物。

2、消息寫作的結構方式：是把最重要的內容放在消息最前面，把次要的內容放在稍后，依據材料的重要性依次排列，這種結構方式很像倒置的金字塔。

3、文種的性質不同 行文目的不同 行文時間不同 寫法不同 結尾的用語不同

4、是以“我”（或“我們”）的視角來觀察和感受，并“我”（“我們”）的口吻來敘述其所見所聞所思所感；它是一種單向視角；其中的“我”可以是作者，也可以是文章中的人物

5、目的明確：為表現主題服務；為烘托和刻畫人物服務；為渲染環境服務。抓住特點：抓住特點才能給人一鮮明突出的印象。所謂特點，也就是事物之間的差異。神形俱出：形，指事物的外貌、情態；神，指事物的內涵、神韻。描寫就要求作到神形俱出。

6、針對性； 語言簡練，不宜過長； 措辭誠懇，語言得體。

7、內容的科學性

態度的客觀性

闡述的條理性

語言的平易性

8、提煉反映時代精神的主題

選取具有典型意義的材料

靈活運用多種表達方法

9、實用性 針對性 程式性 時效性 簡明性

六、寫作小練習

1、關于擬請XX省派員參加貿易小組赴德的函

冶金部函[1999]28號

XX省人民政府：

中國光大進出口總公司擬于2000年2月底派一貿易小組赴德國進行推銷和調研活動，擬請你省光大進出口分公司派一名精通業務并懂英語的業務員參加。如同意，請將給你省審批的出國人員的批件，于1月底以前寄中國光大進出口總公司。

即請復函。

冶金部

一九九九年十二月二十八日

2、通 告

為支持我市老年大學舉辦的“青松杯”老年自行車比賽，保證賽事順利進行，經市政府批準，決定在2003年2月10日上午9時至12時期間，將對東環路、北環路、南環西路、學院路實行交通管制。屆時除警車、救護車、消防車、工程搶險車外，將禁止一切機動車輛通行。

特此通告。

XX市公安局 2003年2月9日

3、會議通知 XX大學：

為了研究和探討當前高校教學改革的有關問題，我廳決定召開高等教育教學改革研討會議。現將有關事項通知如下：

會議參加人員：主管教學副校長或教育處長會議時間：2007年7月18日～24日，會期7天

報到時間：7月18日

報到和會議地點：南京理工大學招待所

會議要求：

1、請各校在接到通知半月內交教改論文一篇，交高教處；

2、會議費XX元，自理。

XX省教育廳（印章）

二00七年六月二十日)

4、共青團全國鐵道委員會文件

××〔2012〕×號

____________________________________________________________________________

關于表彰李堅同學舍己救人、英勇獻身的通報

各所屬單位：

李堅同學是阿城鐵路中學學生，剛滿14周歲。2012年5月2日，星期天，李堅和另外四名小朋友在河邊玩耍，忽然張昆同學不慎落入水中，李堅當即跳下水去營救，張昆得救了，而李堅卻獻出了年輕的生命。

根據李堅的英雄事跡，共青團全國鐵路委員會和共青團黑龍江省委決定，授予李堅為“優秀少先隊員”，并根據他生前要求，追認他為共青團員，同時號召全國鐵路系統和省內各地的小朋友向李堅同學學習，做一個有理想、有道德、無私無畏的好孩子。

（印章）

二0一二年五月二十八日

5、錯誤之處有：

(1)標題文種錯誤。或寫請示，要求上級批給指標。這適宜單獨申請。或寫報告，報送招生計劃表。從文中的意思是顯然是后者。

(2)內容應當符合報送報告的特點。

(3)?引述來文不合乎《辦法》的規定。應先引述來文標題，再引來文發文字號。

(4)文件用語，第一人稱，不宜用“我們”，要符合法定作者的身份，改為“我校”。

全文修改如下：

×××大學文件

×校發〔2012×〕××號 簽發人：×××

關于2012年招生計劃的報告

市教育委員會：

教委《關于申報2012招生專業計劃的通知》（×發〔2012〕×號）已收到。我校決定落實文件的精神，積極發展高等職業教育，辦好社會所需要的各種新型專業。我校各院系2012年計劃辦25個專業，招收本專科學生共3000名。現特將《招生計劃表》報審，請查收。

附：《招生計劃表》

×××大學

二○一二年×月×日

主題詞： ×× ×× ×× ××

抄送市人民政府

第三篇：大學英語寫作

常用寫作句型

1現象解釋型

模板一

⑴According to the chart/graph/ table/ picture, it is clear that 圖表/畫內容總概括.⑵The chart/graph/ table/picture shows.⑶Many reasons contribute to 現象概括.⑷To begin with, 原因一.⑸進一步闡述原因一.⑹Moreover, 原因二.⑺In addition, 原因三.⑻As a result, 段落總結句.⑼As to me, I think 我的觀點/態度/建議.⑽ First of all, 理由一.⑾ Besides, 理由二.⑿To conclude, 模板二

Topic

⑴From the chart/graph/ table/picture, we learn that nowadays, 總述社會現象/事實現象, which has aroused the great /common concern.⑵what impresses me most is.⑶That are many reasons accounting for.⑷First of all,原因一.⑸進一步闡述原因一.⑹ What is more, 原因二.⑺ For example, 舉例說明原因二.⑻ In addition, 原因三.⑼As far as I am concerned, 我的觀點.⑽For one thing/On one hand 理由一.⑾ For another/ On the other hand,.⑿Thus/In brief/Taking above mentioned factors into consideration, I may reasonably conclude that….常用句型

⑴As is described in the chart/graph/table/picture, in the past few decades, there have arisen sharp increase in…如圖中所示，在過去的幾十年中，……急劇增長。

⑵The chart/graph/table/picture describes that the figure declines/falls smoothly/markedly, it indicates that…

圖表顯示數字下降平緩/明顯，這表明……

⑶In the chart/graph/table/picture, we can seen that there was a slight/ marked fluctuation.It reveals that…

在圖表中，我們可以看到有細微/很明顯的波動，這表明…

⑷Recently, the problems of …has become the focus of the public concern.近來，…問題引起公眾極大的關注。

⑸There may be a combination of factors which contribute to/ are responsible for/ explain… …可能是好幾個因素造成的結果。

⑹There may be several possible reasons for which will be demonstrated below.可能有幾個原因導致了我們下面所要闡述的問題。

⑺It’s no easy /simple task to offer the reasons for this phenomenon which involves more than one complicated factors.要解釋該現象產生的原因并不容易，因為其中涉及到很多復雜的因素。

⑻ Among all the important/convincing reasons for…,one should be emphasized… 在所有重要/有力的原因中，我們應當重點關注…

2問題解決型

模板一

Topic

⑴It is well-known that 相關背景, but nowadays 總述不良現象或問題.⑵現象具體表現一.⑶現象的具體表現二.⑷It should be paid attention to that 該現象 is causing great harm/該現象 is caused for many reasons.⑸On one hand, ⑹On the other hand,.⑺Therefore, it is high time that ⑻First of all, 解決方法一.⑼進一步闡述方法一.⑽Secondly/In addition, 解決方法二.⑾Thirdly/Besides/Morever.解決方法三.⑿Only in this way can we解決問題.模板二

Topic

⑴There has been a discussion recently about 事實現象.⑵ It is obvious that 危害一/作用一.⑶ Additionally, 危害二/作用二.⑷So how to 解決問題is worth paying attention to.⑸On one hand/ Firstly, 解決方法一.⑹進一步闡述方法二⑺On the other hand/Secondly,解決方法二.⑻For example,支持該方法的例子.⑼In addition/ Thirdly, 解決方法三.⑽In fact, more than three ways can be adopted.⑾As for me, 我的思考或看法.⑿All in all, 總結全文.常用句型

⑴It is important that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation.⑵There is little doubt that serious attention must be called to…

⑶There is no immediate solution to the problem of…,but …might be helpful/ but the general awareness of the necessity of…might be the first step.⑷In order to make our world a better place in which we live, we should make great efforts to… ⑸To conclude, we can see the best way is…

⑹Following these methods may not guarantee the success in solution to…, but the payoff will be worth the effort.3對比選擇型

模板一

Topic

⑴Different people have different views on看法/問題.⑵Somme prefer 一種看法觀點.⑶Others tend to.⑷As for me, I agree to the first/ second opinion.⑸Of course, 我不贊同的觀點的合理性.⑹For example, 支持其合理性的例子.⑺But 我不贊同的觀點的不足.⑻The following reason can account for your preference.⑼The main reason is that 支持觀點的理由一.⑽ A good example to illustrate is that 支持理由一的例子.⑾In addition/ What’s more,支持觀點的理由二.⑿For the foregoing, 重申觀點.模板二

Topic

⑴When it comes to事物/問題, different people will offer different opinions.⑵Some people take it for granted that 觀點一.⑶In their opinion, 觀點一的理由一.⑷Besides, 觀點一的理由二.⑸However, others hold that觀點二.⑹They maintain that 觀點二的理由一.⑺And 觀點二的理由二.⑻Weighing up these two arguments, I am for 觀點一/觀點二.⑼ On one hand, 理由一.⑽ On the other hand, ⑾ For instance, 舉例說明理由二.⑿ Therefore, as stated above, 常用句式

⑴ There is a general discussion nowadays on the problem of …Some argue that …,but others set forth a totally different argument about the issue.⑵ In response to the problem, some people believe…,in their minds,…Other maintain that…, in their eyes,…

⑶ Personally, I side with the former/ latter opinion.⑷ In conclusion, it is clear that

4觀點論證型

模板一

⑴ It is true that 普遍的觀點.⑵ However, 不同的觀點/現象.⑶ I think,我的觀點.⑷ 理由或其他論據 can be listed as follows.⑸ Firstly，論據一.⑹ Secondly, 論據二.⑺ For example, 支持論據二的事例.⑻ Thirdly, 論據

三.⑼ A case in point is 支持論據三的事例.⑽ There is no doubt that 重申觀點.⑾ Therefore, 與該觀點相符的做法.⑿ In a word, 總結全文.模板二

Topic

⑴ Many people believe that 社會現象/事實.⑵The truth is deep and profound.⑶ As we all know,具體表現一.⑷ In addition, 具體表現二.⑸ There are numerous examples supporting this argument.⑹ A case in point is 闡述第一個例子⑺ For another example, 引出并說明第二個例子.⑻ Moreover, 闡述第三個例子.⑼All mentioned above that tells us that重申觀點.⑽ But(One thing we have to notice is that)提出個人建議.⑾ In short,總結全文.常用句式

⑴ It is well known that …plays an important part in…

⑵ It is believed that …

⑶ There are many reasons explaining …

⑷ From what has been mentioned above, we may safely come to the conclusion that …

5應用文

⑴建議信模板

Date

Dear ___________,⑴ I am delighted to learn that _________.⑵ It____________.⑶ In my opinion, ________.⑷ On one hand,_________.⑸ On the other hand,_________.⑹ As to ________, I suggest ___________.⑺ If__________.⑻ It is unnecessary for you to _____________.⑼ In addition, ________________.⑽ I am sure _______________.⑾ Please inform me _________________.⑿ I amlooking forward to __________.Sincerely yours,Signature

常用句式

⑴ I would like to suggest that …/ I am writing with my suggestion that…

⑵ You have asked me for my advice with regard to …and I will try to make some conducive suggestions.⑶ If I were you, I would…

⑷ As you may agree that...⑸ I hope you will find these suggestions helpful/ practical/ useful.⑹ I hope you will take my suggestions into consideration.⑺ I would be happy to see improvements in this regard.⑻ I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details.⑵倡議書模板

Date

Dear________,⑴ I am writing this letter to call on ____________to ____________.⑵ As some of you may know,___________.⑶ In fact,___________.⑷It is necessary for us to___________.⑸ On one hand,__________.⑹ On the other hand, ______________.⑺ However,___________________.⑻So it is high

time_____________________.⑼ Firstly, ________________.⑽Secondly, _______________.⑾ If you are willing to ____________, please ______________.⑿ Join us in the action and extend ________into a spirit that dares any possible difficulties.Thank you.⑶求職信模板

Date

Dear_______,⑴ I am applying for the position of _________advertised in _________.⑵ I major in

_____.⑶ My training in ________definitely meet your qualifications.⑷ My complete resume is attached.⑸ I will graduate on____________ from_________.⑹ In addition to the required courses of this program, I have_________.⑺ I also have some experience in ___________.⑻ I believe my training and experience _________________.⑼ You will find me to be ________________⑽ I hope that you will consider me for your position.⑾ May I have a personal interview at your convenience? ⑿ I can be reached by telephone __________.Sincerely yours,Signature

常用句式

⑴ I am writing to apply for the post of …advertised in …

⑵ In reply to your advertisement in…, I beg to apply for the post …in your company.⑶ I feel I have the qualifications and experiences needed for the position of …

⑷ I shall bring with me the full details of my testimonials as you request.⑸ I hope I may be granted an interview when I can explain my qualification more fully.⑹ It seems that my experience, together with my education, has given me ideal preparation to assume the role of…in your firm.

第四篇：大學英語寫作模版

（1）模版一There is no consensus among the people as to the view of(主題).Some people hold the idea that(觀點A).A case in point is that(支持觀點A的例子).On the other hand, others may have a quite different view.According to them,(觀點B).The most typical example is that(支持觀點B的例子).Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter.Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some

extent, but the latter is more convincing.2）模版二(主題)is a common occurrence in our lives.The attitudes toward this issue vary from person to person.Some people tend to ______when they are asked(觀點A)because(支持觀點A的原因).The most typical example is that(支持觀點A的例子).However, others argue that(觀點B).They point out that(重申觀點B)for the reason that(支持觀點B的原因).As far as I am concerned, I will choose to(你的觀點)because this choice fits my personality and my life-long belief.2）My View 型（1）模版一 When asked about(主題), some people hold the idea that 觀點A).As far as they are concerned,(展開觀點A).But I could not agree with them in several points.In my opinion,(觀點B).The reasons for my choice are listed as follows.In the first place,(支持觀點B的理由1).In the second place,(支持觀點B的理由2).In the third place,(支持觀點B的理由3).For the reasons mentioned above, I firmly believe(重申觀點B).（2）模版二 Some people believe that(觀點A).For instance, they hold the idea that(支持觀點A的例子).And it may bring them（A帶給他們的好處).In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing,(我不同意的理由1).For another,(我不同意的理由2).As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, I agree to the thought that(重申自己的觀點).3）利弊型（1）模版一Nowadays many people prefer(主題)because it plays a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.On the one hand,(主題的優點1).On the other hand,(主題的優點2).But everything can be divided into two.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that(主題的缺點1).To make matters

worse,（主題的缺點2).Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects.Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain,(主題)itself is

neither good nor bad.It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to our society.（2）模版二With the development of science and human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality.Some of them have positive effects on our life, but some are distasteful.The phenomenon of(主題現象)is an example of the former / latter one.There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects.To start with,(原因1).Furthermore,(原因2).Eventually,(原因3).Good as(主題現象)is, it has, unfortunately, its disadvantages.The apparent example is that(缺點例子1).In addition,(缺點例子2).On the whole, the phenomenon is one of the results of the progress of the modern society.There is still a long way for us to improve / eliminate(主題現象)and make our life more comfortable.圖表式作文 It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years(as X varies).At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.First of all, …(第一個原因).More

importantly, …(第二個原因).Most important of all, …(第三個原因).From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future.The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for

quite a long time(if necessary measures are not taken括號里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢).提綱式作文 1.對立觀點式 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing（X）.They point out the fact that 支持（X）的第一個原因。They also argue that 支持（X）的另一個原因。

However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do（X）.They firmly point out that 反對（X）的第一個理由。An eample can give the details of this argument:

There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of（X）overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about,（X）also may（X）的有一個壞處。

2.批駁觀點式Many people argue that 錯誤觀點。By saying that, they mean 對這個觀點的進一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個

例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響)。

There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯誤觀點相反的觀

點。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。

3.社會問題(現象)式 Nowadays, there exists an increasinglyserious social/economic/ environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common

concern of the public).According to a survey, 調查內容說明這種現象的情況。(或者是一個例子)。

There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面參照辯論式議論文寫法。

X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。

A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.同上

Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..辯論式議論文模版

模版1Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 觀點1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 觀點2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 論據1.More importantly, 論據2.Most important of all, 論據3.In summary, 總結觀點.As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或:From above, we can predict that 預測.模版2People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 觀點1, while others point out that 觀點2.As far as I am concerned, the

former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 論據1.For another, 論據2.Last but not the least, 論據3.To conclude, 總結觀點.As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預測.模版3There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(爭論的焦點)。Some people are of the view that 觀點1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 論據1。Furthermore, 論據2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 論據3。

A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結觀點。

As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預測.(I)說明原因型模塊

Currently, XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than XX

It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon

(6).With reference to my standpoint, I think(7).注釋: 1:XX的第一個優點 2:支持XX的做法 3:不支持XX的做法

4:XX的第二個優點 5:舉例證明優點二 6:說明XX優點三的影響第三天我寫的相應作文:The importance of self-confidence

Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your

enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that

(self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint, I think(he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).(I)說明原因型模塊(2)

In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all,(3).Then, there comes a case that(4).Moreover,(5).Especially when(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind

people that(7).In this way, we should behave just like(8).The impact of Television

In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels.It has

caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all,(with so many programs to choose from,children are not getting as much exercise as they should).Then, there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school).Moreover,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what

programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply.Nowadays, there are more and more [某種現象] in [某種場合].It is estimated that [相關數據].Why have there been so many [某種現象]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is [原因一].Besides, [原因二].The third one is [原因三].To sum up, the main cause of [某種現象] is due to [最主要原因].It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing, [解決辦法一].On the other hand, [解決辦法二].All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [某種現象].為便于讀者理解，我特意用這個模板，寫了一篇關于ghost writer(捉刀代筆的槍手)的示范性小作文，請您觀摩一下。

Nowadays, there are more and more [ghost writers / 槍手] in [China's examinations / 中國的考場].It is estimated that [5％ examinees are ghost writers / 5％的應試者是槍手].Why have there been so many [ghost writers / 槍手]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is [hirers' ignorance / 雇主無知].Besides,[hirers' indolence / 雇主懶惰].The third one is [hirers' obtusity / 雇主遲鈍].To sum up, the main cause of [ghost writers / 槍手] is due to [hirers' low IQ / 雇主智商低].It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing, [flagellation / 鞭打].On the other hand, [decapitation / 斬首].All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [ghost writers / 槍手].（I）說明原因型

模塊

（一）Nowadays ,there are more and more XX in some big cities.It is estimated that(1).Why have there been so many XX ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that(2).Besides,(3).The third reason is(4).To sum up ,the main cause of XX is due to(5).It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing ,(6).On the other hand ,(7).All these measures will certainly reduce the

number of XX.Generation gap between parents and children

Nowadays , there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and

children which is so-called generation gap.It is estimated that(75 percentages of parents often complain their children's unreasonable behavior while children

usually think their parents too old fashioned).Why have there been so much misunderstanding between parents and children?

Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that(the two generations,having grown up at different times, have different likes and dislikes ,thus the disagreement often rises between them).Besides(due to having little in common to

talk about , they are not willing to sit face to face).The third reason is(with the

pace of modern life becoming faster and faster , both of them are so busy with their work or study that they don't spare enough time to exchange ideas).To sum

up ,the main cause of XX is due to(lake of communication and understanding each other).It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing(children should respect their parents).On the other hand ,(parents also should show solicitue for

their children).All these measures will certainly bridge the generation gap.（I）說明原因型 模塊（2）In recent years , xx has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all ,(3).Then , there comes a case that(4).Moreover ,(5).Especiallywhen(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected theo remindpeople that(7).In this way ,we should behave just like(8).The impact of Television

In recent years , with the development of science and technology ,80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV , offering as many as 50 channels.It has

caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all ,(with so many programs to choose from , children are not getting as much

exercise as they should).Then , there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their

ability to achieve in school).Moreover ,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV

viewing).In this way ,children will not be influented too deeply.（I）說明原因型 模塊（3）

Currently,XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than XX.It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result , your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your

plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You donn't have to look very far to find out the truth , in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon

(6).With reference to my standpoint ,I think(7).注釋：： XX的第一個優點 2： 支持XX的做法 3：不支持XX的做法 4：XX的第二個優點

5：舉例證明優點二6：說明XX優點三的影響第三天我寫的相應作文：

The importance of self-confidence

Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuablethan self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence ,it will bring your creative power

to play , arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome

difficulties), as a result , your dreams willcome true.On the contrary,if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that

you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。

It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(self-confidence gives you light

when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You donn't have to look very far to find out the truth , in respect

that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in preserverence and

self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound

influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint ,I think(he that can have

self-confidence can have what he will).綜合運用篇

Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....隨著社會的不斷發展，出現了越來越多的問題，其中之一便是____________。

As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，對于此類問題，人們持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)

As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....隨著社會的發展，人們開始關注.....As to whether it is worthwhile....., there is a long-running controversial debate.It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.關于是否值得________的問題，一直以來爭論不休。當然，不同的人對此可能持不同的觀點。

Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....最近，這種現象引起了人們的廣泛關注，有人開始擔心______________。

展現問題篇

Recently the issue of whether or not...has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.近來，是否_______的問題已經非常明確而且引起了社會的廣泛關注。

The issue whether it is good or not to....has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.______的利與弊已在全國范圍內引起熱烈的討論。

At present, some people think....while others claim...Both sides have their merits.目前，一些人認為_______而另一些人則認為_______。其實，兩種觀點都其可取之處。

People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.對于這種極具爭議的話題，我們很難作出絕對的回答。

People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行業的人對同一種問題的解釋不盡相同。

The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.這中極具爭議性的話題往往很受社會的關注。不同的人對此問題的看法也不盡相同。

When asked..., some people think.....while some prefer...說到___，有人認為____，而另一些人則認為___。

There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of..There who criticize...argue that..., they believe that...,but people who favor.., on the other hand, argue that...目前，___問題爭議較大。批判_______的人認為___，他們認為____，不過，另一方面，贊同__的人則認為___。

1、常用與開頭的短語、句式

（1）with the（rapidly）growing popularity of（computers/private cars）in China，the quality of our lives has been considerably changed。

（3）With the development of（science and technology/market economy），more and more/an increasing number of people come to realize that …

（4）Currently there is a widespread/serious concern over(illegal publication/drug abuse/negative influence of western cultures).（5）Nowadays ,a heated debated/discussion about…is under way in China.some people believe that …,whereas others argue that…

（6）There are some reasons for owning(private cars/ personal computers).To begin with,…Next,…Last,…There are, on the other hand, many reasons against it, First,…Second,…Finally,…

（7）There are many advantages and disadvantages in(owning a car).（8）There are various /at least three ways/possible techniques/problems/methods to do something

（9）Smoking/Alcoholic beverage should be banned from college campuses for toe reasons.The first reason is that …The second reason is that …/On the one hand ,… On the other hand,…

（10）The possible solutions of(the energy crisis/water shortages/these social problems)depend on three factors…

（11）The tow major reasons responsible for(the rapid economic growth /the widespread of fake products)are…

2．常用于結尾的短語、句式

（1）It is hoped that we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to。。

（2）To conclude，we can see that（the best way/the possible solution）is。。

（3）In short，（shortages of water，decrease of fertile fields and environmental pollution）are the major problems to be solved to（increase rain production）。

（4）In order to make our world a better place in which to live we should make great efforts to。。

（5）In a word，there are three suggestions we must follow，only in this way can we（achieve a great success）。

（6）It is time for us to take an active part in。。

（7）Let us work hand in hand in hand to（solve these social problems）

1．表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this． 2）The reasons for this are as follows． 3）The reason for this is obvious． 4）The reason for this is not far to seek． 5）The reason for this is that．．．

6）We have good reason to believe that．．．

例： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．

2．表示好處1）It has the following advantages．2）It does us a lot of good． 3）It benefits us quite a lot． 4）It is beneficial to us．

5）It is of great benefit to us．

例： Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．

3．表示壞處1）It has more disadvantages than advantages． 2）It does us much harm． 3）It is harmfulto us．

例： However，everything dividesinto two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi-sion．

4．表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）for sb．to do sth． 2）We think it necessary to do sth． 3）It plays an important role in our life．

例： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon，computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．

5．表示措施1）We should take some effective measures． 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties． 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth． 4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．

例： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．

6．表示變化1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．

2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications． 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．

例： Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．

第五篇：大學英語寫作

1.對立觀點式

A．有人認為#是好事，贊成#，為什么？

B．有人認為# 是壞事，反對#，為什么？

C．我的看法。

模板:

With the development of our society, # has increasingly become a common concern of the public.(可再加一句情況說明)

Some people are in favor of the idea of doing #.They point out the fact that 支持# 的第一個原因.They also argue that 支持# 的另一個原因.However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do #.They firmly point out that 反對# 的第一個理由.What’s more, 反對# 的第二個理由.There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of#/doing # 的好處overweigh the disadvantages.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.(結尾一段也可選用這種方式:

Therefore, in my opinion, although there are advantages of #/doing # 的好處, its negative effects should not be ignored.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.)

Colleges Have Opened Their Doors Wider With the development of our society, the fact that colleges have opened their doors wider has increasingly become a common concern of the public.Some people are in favor of the idea of opening the colleges’ doors wider.They point out the fact that it allows more students to pursue higher education.They also argue that it will provide more talents for our society.However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to open the colleges’ doors wider.They firmly point out that it will be much harder for the graduates to find a job.What’s more, it will lead to a social problem.There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of

opening the colleges’ doors wider overweigh the disadvantages.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.(141 words)(結尾一段也可選用這種方式: Therefore, in my opinion, although there are advantages of opening the colleges’ doors wider, its negative effects should not be ignored.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.)(141 words)

2.社會問題(現象)式

A．一個社會問題或者現象

B．產生的原因

C．我的看法。

Work in the Countryside(positive)

1.許多大學畢業生自愿到農村工作

2.出現這種現象的原因

3.我的看法

Work in the Countryside With more and more university graduates in our society, how to find a good job has increasingly become a common concern of the public.It is reported that many university graduates would like to work in the countryside.There are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To start with, it is a fact that with more and more university students graduating each year, the job market competition becomes more and more fierce, and many graduates cannot find jobs in the cities.Secondly, most villages that are trying to employ university graduates have developed well.It makes mot much difference whether to work in the countryside or in the city.Last but not least, some university graduates who come from the

countryside are eager to go back home to contribute to the construction of their hometown.Based on the above reasons, I think university graduates should go to work where they are needed most and where they can make full use of their talents.Working in the countryside can be truly an advisable(明智的)choice.(170 words)Misleading News(negative)

1.當今社會虛假新聞越來越多

2.分析出現這種現象的原因

3.呼吁社會改變這種不智之舉

With the development of our society, misleading news has increasingly become a common concern of the public.It is reported that there are more and more misleading news in our society.There are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To start with, it is a fact that there are more and more modern communication tools in the world, misleading news can easily spread.Secondly, some journalists would like to draw public attention and increase the sales by publishing misleading news.Last but not least, the public would like to share some interesting news which may be misleading.Based on the above discussions, I think we should take action to prevent misleading news.Think twice before we speak can be truly an advisable choice.(124 words)

3.應用文

寫信:感謝信, 投訴信，道歉信,邀請信,申請(貸款、入學、求職)，請求別人幫忙（寫推薦信，搜查資料)

Dear Sir or Madam,(不知是誰的情況下，如果有要求寫給誰要寫上具體的名稱)

I am a student/customer who….I am writing to thank you for/complain about/apologize for/invite you to do/apply for/ask for your help to do sth.描述過程或原因.When I …, I was really thankful/upset/sorry /honored/interested/upset.I sincerely hope that ….If you can…, I will be really….I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Lily

A Letter to Apply for a Student Loan

1.介紹你的個人情況

2.申請助學貸款的原因、數額及用途

3.如何保證專款專用以及你的還款

Dear Sir or Madam,I am a sophomore in Peking University who majors in Engineering.I am writing to apply for a student loan of 2,000 yuan.It is hard for me to make the application, but I have to.Last year both my parents were laid off, and what’s worse, three weeks ago my mother was discovered to have caught a serious disease.Therefore, I could not get support for my study form my family any more.When I knew that I have the opportunity to apply for the student loan, I was really happy and excited.So I immediately write this letter to you to ask for your help.I sincerely hope that I can get the loan.I promise that all the money will go to my tuition and fees for the next year, and I will repay it within four years, that is, one year after my graduation.If you can grant my application, I will be really grateful.I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Lily

(166 words)

4.圖表作文模板

圖表作文提示部分包括圖表和文字要點提示兩部分。圖表的類型主要有：圓形（餅型）圖（pie chart）、柱形圖(直型圖)（graph）、曲線圖（chart）和數據統計表(表格)（table）。① 描述圖表 ②分三方面解釋原因 ③下結論

1)As can be seen from the in______.During the period from _______to _______, ________rose from ________to _______, while _______ decreased from _______ to _______.2)We believe that there are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To begin with,____.Secondly, ____.Last but not least, _____.3)In conclusion, ______.We can imagine that _____.范文： Health Gains in Developing Countries

1．以下圖為依據描述發展中國家的期望壽命(1ife expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況

2．說明引起變化的各種原因

1960 1990

Health Gains in Developing Countries

life expectancy of developing 40 years nearly 60 years, infant

develops quickly in developing countries during this period, and living quality improves the development of national health care systems.When they become richer and richer, they care more about personal health conditions.medical sciences also develop at a fantastic speed, and it is much safer for mothers to give birth.the situations in developing countries are changing for the better.(169 words)

注:還須注意今年的熱點問題,如:就業(有關詞匯如: graduate, apply for, applicant, candidate等);經濟問題(有關詞匯如: the financial

crisis/tsunami等);或城市交通問題等.