第一篇:搞定托福聽力需要學會三步走
搞定托福聽力需要學會三步走
相信很多學生提到新托福和雅思,總會覺得新托福要更難,其實只要腳踏實地,掌握了復習技巧和要點就能夠順利地通過新托福考試.要點1.確定主題。
聽力正式開始之前會有一個簡短的instruction,之后屏幕上會出現一些和聽力內容相關的信息,這些可以幫助我們確定下面所要聽部分的核心話題。例如,listen to a conversation between a professor and student in a biology class。從這個介紹我們可以知道下面對話內容的場景:biology class,接下來可能就會出現相關的文字和圖片。通過這些文字和圖片可以幫助確定主題,也可以讓考生懸著的心慢慢落地。或者當
professor 剛開始說,in the last class時,腦中迅速做好,等待todays class內容。
要點2.主題被什么結構展開。
考生對于全文結構的一個綜合把握同樣也是基于對文章主旨把握的基礎之上的,對考生能力的最高相對要求,聽力考試中的排序題和分類信息題考查的就是學生對全文結構的把握。當然筆記不是越全越好,要有的放矢,把握ETS思路:we test the very important details but not every。例如在分類信息題筆記中應注意記錄按什么分類,以及每一類的特征;排序題的筆記注意表明步驟和邏輯順序信號詞后的內容,例如,First ……,after that……,lets look at the.etc。另外,聽力過程中個人不建議走極端不記筆記。
要點3.用什么細節支持主題。
基于ETS考查內容是和主旨有關的重要細節。我們在聽的過程中需要把握的往往是和考點相聯系的重要信號詞。比如說表示因果的so, thus等詞對應于細節題中常考查的因果題。
第二篇:考察婚宴酒店三步搞定
考察婚宴酒店三步到位
1、婚禮前,完美第一印象,注定婚禮品質:
在酒店舉行婚禮,你能用到的不僅僅是宴會廳,對于酒店內部的完善硬件設施,你同樣享受的到,比如格調高雅、裝潢考究的酒店內餐廳,以及舒適浪漫、充滿情調的婚房等等,既然選擇酒店就應該盡情地享受完備的酒店設施,去發掘酒店隱藏在宴會廳之外的魅力。
1)外觀:星級酒店華麗的外觀能給前來赴宴的賓客帶來第一時間的視覺享受,也預言你的婚禮將會氣質非凡。
2)客房:遠道而來的賓客在婚禮前一晚安排其入住的酒店客房最好是婚禮舉辦的酒店客房,以免除其奔波的勞頓,并且由于你在該酒店舉辦婚禮,在客房方面可能會得到一個相當實惠的價格。
3)前臺:關于酒店內部的設施、可提供的服務以及酒店周邊的情況有任何疑問都可以咨詢前臺的服務人員,早到的來賓不必擔心找不到該去的宴會廳,帶的厚重的衣物也不用擔心找不到合適寄存的地方。
4)迎賓服務:如果婚禮儀式需要,酒店可能提供迎接新人或者貴賓汽車的專車,精致細膩的服務突顯酒店的星級品質。
5)大堂:大堂寬敞的空間能夠釋放人的緊張感覺,其精致的裝潢也會提升你的婚禮品味。早到的來賓也可以在大堂小坐,稍事休息。
6)休息區:酒店在大堂或臨近宴會廳的地方通常都有供客人飲茶或咖啡的區域,因這場婚禮而聚在一起的朋友們在婚禮開始前可以在這里小聚。
7)餐前吧:酒店在簽到臺附近可以按照新人的需要設置餐前吧,提供簡單的酒水和甜點,客人在婚禮開始前的等待時間里可以隨意享用,也可以因此結識不太熟識的賓客,從而融合婚禮的氣氛。
好的酒店的軟件環境也是一流的,酒店的服務人員君出身酒店管理相關專業的院校,得到過顧客至上的服務教育,并在服務的每一個細節環節都接受過苛刻的訓練,這樣經過千錘百煉的專業團隊才能為你提供精致細膩的服務,讓你盡享星級待遇。
2、婚禮中,空間功能盡享,鑄造華貴婚尚:
1)迎賓區:酒店宴會廳前通常都有充分的空間,你可以按照自己的審美和
喜好來設置一個別具匠心的迎賓區域,如果有條件還可以安排鋼琴演奏和樂隊現場奏樂,使婚禮氣氛更加浪漫。
2)儀式廳:有不少的酒店在其內部設有專門的儀式廳或儀式堂,其莊重豪華的氛圍是你舉行證婚儀式的絕佳場所,地毯兩旁設有觀禮區,讓所有賓客共同見證你的重要時刻。
3)新娘登場:充分利用酒店的既有設施,如果酒店有旋轉樓梯或長梯,可以將這個樓梯作為新娘登場的重點,想象一下,身著華麗婚紗的你從這里姍姍入場,以圣潔而華麗的形象出現在眾人面前,這是多么令人神往的一幕。
4)宴會廳:婚宴無疑是婚禮的一場重頭戲,酒店宴會廳特有的空間感與華貴感將突顯你的婚禮至高品味。置身于如此奢華的廳堂之中,將會讓來賓得到無與倫比的尊貴體驗。
5)新人主桌:如果你選擇西式婚宴,那么你的專屬新人席位應該在一個視野最開闊的地方,坐在那里,你可以看到幾乎所有的來賓,你可以時不時地以微笑回報每一位來參加婚禮的客人。
6)婚宴菜肴:這是個老生常談的話題,無論是中式還是西式,酒店都應該全力以赴為你提供最好的菜肴。
7)餐桌布置:酒店婚禮的品質也在優雅的餐桌布置和精致的餐具中得到體現,通常酒店會贈送主桌的花藝布置,早一點你可以和銷售人員溝通好這個問題。
8)新娘房:在婚禮儀式結束后,你可以進入酒店為你提供的專屬新娘房中換裝并稍事休息,你還可以稍微吃一點東西,以防止宴會部分由于沒吃東西而造成的過度饑餓。
3、婚禮后,配套設施齊備,體驗奢華感受:
小兩口婚博網提示您:
1)婚房:在婚禮結束后你可以直接入住酒店的婚房,在圓滿完成婚禮儀式之后,你們也該好好享受屬于自己的二人世界了。
2)酒吧:酒店專屬調酒師會在這里為你調制特色酒品,何不利用這個機會將奢華的體驗進行到底呢?
3)花園:有的酒店擁有漂亮的戶外花園,婚宴結束之后賓客們還可以在花園中散步聊天,談談婚禮中的趣事,享受婚禮的余韻。
4)內部商店:遠到而來的賓客還可以逛逛酒店內部的商店或食品店,買一些具有該酒店或當地特色的小禮物,他們也會成為這場婚禮的一部分美妙回憶。
第三篇:三步輕松搞定求職信
第一步:自我推銷
在這一部分,要直奔主題。這一部分的目標就是用段落或提示號的方式把為何你的讀者要雇用你的理由陳列出來,最好先把你的資歷來個總括,然后再具體地說,加以實例。一個典型的開頭可以這樣寫:‘我的專業是會計學,在x x公司實習過,我獲得過以下的成就,掌握了這些技能……’。
第二步:客套話:
在這部分里,要對 招聘 單位給予恰如其分的贊賞,讓他們知道你很愿意在此服務。可以提一 提單 位的名氣,如果是公司的話,可以說一說他們的銷售成績、公司文化、管理宗旨或任何其他他們感到驕傲的東西,這些東西只要留意相關的廣告或者宣傳材料就很容易找到。雇主們一般都希望他們單位是你的首選目標,而且想知道為什么,誰都不希望本單位是你‘批發’ 求職信 過程中的普通的接收對象之一。對每一個單位,要用不同的客套話,以表達你對他們的公司有所了解,這樣能夠避免—些尷尬。曾經有(或者可以說這是比較普遍的情況)學生給不同的單位投遞了相同的 求職信,結果受理求職信的兩個單位是兄弟單位,經常在一起交流 人才 招聘的情況,結果看到了兩份一模一樣的求職信,可想而知,他們在交流之余會對求職者留下什么印象。
第三步:進一步行動的要求:
一些人認為客套話是求職信的結尾部分,其實不然.結尾部分不僅僅是對雇主花時間讀你的信表示感謝,這里是開啟另一扇門的地方,你可以建議如何進一步聯絡,或打電話或發Emsl最重要的是你以積極肯定的語氣結束,并主動采取行動。
第四篇:托福聽力習語總結
主題: 托福聽力筆記(習語總結)
托福聽力筆記(習語總結)
lose his cool失去冷靜
cool off 冷靜,天氣變冷
play it cool 冷靜
不介意:not at all, not a bit/little, not in the slightest, not in the least
-不愿讓人做某事:make sb uncomfortable to do sth
-對人寬容go easy on sb.Be lenient with.Be kind to
-擠時間做某事:get around to do sth, take time out/off from doing sth, spare time to do sth, afford time to do sth, squeeze/steal time to do
-健忘slip one's mind/memory.Have a shot memory, not good with..be terrible with..forgetful, absent-minded, scatter-brain, go in one ear and out the other.Wops.-快,馬上:in no time, by and by, on short notice, right now/away/off, in a moment/minute/second
-去哪里,朝哪里去head to/for sw, make for, leave for, set out for, be off to, be away to
-生氣:be put out with sb, be burned up at sb, get one's back up, hit/raise the roof/ceiling, be enraged, get on one's nerve, rub sb the wrong way, annoy/irritate sb.-順便看望:drop/stop/come by/over/in
-太忙heavy/busy/tight schedule
-太熱super/burning/blazing/unbearable/scorcher hot
-聽某人的建議:go by/follow/listen to one's suggestion
-一點也不奇怪:no wonder.Little surprise.-有時,偶而:occasionally, sometimes, every so often, every now and them, every once in a while, at times, from time to time, on and off.-在某方面擅長:know the stuff/ropes/tricks/one's beans
-逐步地:gradually, step by step, bit by bit, little by little, inch by inch , piece by piece, line by line, word by word.-bottom line 說話的核心,well, the bottom line is that…
-check out①檢查,詢問②借書③出院④退房
-come in handy 派上用場,會有用的-for the life of sb無論如何
-get over: ①完成作業②病全愈③忘掉(不愉快)
-go through ①用完②檢查③經歷過④辦手續
-我認為I suspect, 我確認I bet, 我估計I expect, 我不認為I doubt, 我原以為I thought, 我原以為I was hoping, 我曾經是I used to be, 我本應該I was supposed to
-on one's way 馬上出發;on the way已經在路
-pick up ①取東西②接人③買東西
-put up ①掛起②住宿
-up to :勝任:it's up to sb to do sth, sb is up to doing sth②熬夜sit/be up to do sth③達到up to sth
托福聽力筆記(聽力句型總結)
-as…as…
as cool as a cucumber, as fit as fiddle, as healthy as horse, as poor as a church mouse, as strong as an ox, as like as two peas(長得象),peas and carrots(形影不離),apples and oranges(大不相同),as proud as peacock, as changeable as moon, as punctual as a church clock, as sly as fox, as light as feather, as hungry as a wolf.-be the last thing +定從,最不希望的,最不需要的,最不愿意的。
-hasn't he, isn't it +ever/though.可不是嗎!(很同意)
-if only 要是…就好了。答案的標志是虛擬語氣和wish.-not that, not as…adj….as you think不至于那么過分吧
-不辭辛苦做某事go out of one's way to do.Take great trouble to do sth.Go extra miles to do sth.-吃驚:Jees.Boy!Man!Jesus christ!Dear me!Wow!
-對我都一樣:It makes no difference to me.Does it make any difference.What differencedoes it make.It's all the same to me.-感覺如何:What do you think of sth? How do you like sth? How do you find sth? How do you feel about sth? Would you like A or B? Do you feel like sth? Are you in a mood for anything?
-開玩笑吧:So you say.Pull my leg.-流淚my eyes swim in tears, shed tears of remorse, I can't hold back my tears
-你真了不起:You are somebody.You are a big potato.-提醒:I don't think you'll do… I was wondering if you will do sth.I don't imagine if you do.You have not done sth, have you?
-聽我說:You know why.Tell me why.-我本想做某事(但沒做)I meant to do..should have given.Was supposed to do sth.I have been meaning to..-贊同:You bet.Sure thing.And how.Isn't it though/ever.Go ahead.By all means.-責備:When will you ever do sth? Do I have to tell you? Don't I tell you sth? Why didn't you…
-怎么了?What's up/matter/wrong with sb? how have you been? How are you coming along/doing? What's new with you?
托福聽力筆記(學習場景)
1、論文
-題目難定(太大)too broad a topic
-資料難查(太多)too much material to cover
-多找教授(時間)
-打字困難(機房)機少人多,想買機
2、筆記
-考筆記be based on the lecture/notes
-字難認make out/recognize handwriting
3、考試
-永遠難was supposed to be easy
-不推遲put it off, hold off, delay, postpone
-分數低:及格passing grade,不及格failing grade,好分數perfect grade
-心里不好受down
*take-home exam開卷考試,workshop研討會, seminar研究會
4、評價教授
-小對話中(不好),段子題中(好)
-不遲到punctual/prompt,不早退,常拖堂run over time/late,-要求嚴,出題難,給分低
*聽不懂:be lost/be all at sea/in the dark
*聽懂:figure out/make sense/catch/follow words
*打瞌睡:drop off/doze off, keep watching the clock, keep counting the time.5、作業
-作業多:I've had enough of it.(I'll never have enough of it.高興語氣)
*have one's hands full, be tied up, be booked, be up to one's eyes/ears/neck with work.Have a million things to do.Study 48 hours in a day.-想遲交,不遲交:交作業hand in/ turn in, 遲交extension, 多給時間extra/more time
6、熬夜
-常熬夜:sit up, stay doing sth
-不熬夜 get out of it, wise
7、書店
-有貨沒貨in stock/ out of stock
-印,不印in /out of print
-過時out-dated, 最新的updated/current
-平裝paper back,精裝hard back
8、圖書館
-還書:recall a book, library loan, 續借renew, 傳記作者biographer, 微縮膠片 microfiche
-罰錢verdue, late return, fine , moratorium(暫停,推遲)
9、電話
-定主題,聽語氣,背套話
* 電話號碼本:yellow pages, telephone directory,干擾static,接通put through
* 占著電話tie up, be off下線斷線,過會打給你get back to sb.10、選課
-先學入門課intro/basic/prerequisite,再學高級課,教授得同意approval/permission/signiture
-三大顧慮:too much, too difficult, intro course
-課程難,心情不好
-少選明智,多選犯傻,時刻準備退課drop
托福聽力筆記(學習場景)
1、論文
-題目難定(太大)too broad a topic
-資料難查(太多)too much material to cover
-多找教授(時間)
-打字困難(機房)機少人多,想買機
2、筆記
-考筆記be based on the lecture/notes
-字難認make out/recognize handwriting
3、考試
-永遠難was supposed to be easy
-不推遲put it off, hold off, delay, postpone
-分數低:及格passing grade,不及格failing grade,好分數perfect grade
-心里不好受down
*take-home exam開卷考試,workshop研討會, seminar研究會
4、評價教授
-小對話中(不好),段子題中(好)
-不遲到punctual/prompt,不早退,常拖堂run over time/late,-要求嚴,出題難,給分低
*聽不懂:be lost/be all at sea/in the dark
*聽懂:figure out/make sense/catch/follow words
*打瞌睡:drop off/doze off, keep watching the clock, keep counting the time.5、作業
-作業多:I've had enough of it.(I'll never have enough of it.高興語氣)
*have one's hands full, be tied up, be booked, be up to one's eyes/ears/neck with work.Have a million things to do.Study 48 hours in a day.-想遲交,不遲交:交作業hand in/ turn in, 遲交extension, 多給時間extra/more time
6、熬夜
-常熬夜:sit up, stay doing sth
-不熬夜 get out of it, wise
7、書店
-有貨沒貨in stock/ out of stock
-印,不印in /out of print
-過時out-dated, 最新的updated/current
-平裝paper back,精裝hard back
8、圖書館
-還書:recall a book, library loan, 續借renew, 傳記作者biographer, 微縮膠片 microfiche
-罰錢verdue, late return, fine , moratorium(暫停,推遲)
9、電話
-定主題,聽語氣,背套話
* 電話號碼本:yellow pages, telephone directory,干擾static,接通put through
* 占著電話tie up, be off下線斷線,過會打給你get back to sb.10、選課
-先學入門課intro/basic/prerequisite,再學高級課,教授得同意approval/permission/signiture
-三大顧慮:too much, too difficult, intro course
-課程難,心情不好
-少選明智,多選犯傻,時刻準備退課drop
托福聽力筆記(學習場景)
1、論文
-題目難定(太大)too broad a topic
-資料難查(太多)too much material to cover
-多找教授(時間)
-打字困難(機房)機少人多,想買機
2、筆記
-考筆記be based on the lecture/notes
-字難認make out/recognize handwriting
3、考試
-永遠難was supposed to be easy
-不推遲put it off, hold off, delay, postpone
-分數低:及格passing grade,不及格failing grade,好分數perfect grade
-心里不好受down
*take-home exam開卷考試,workshop研討會, seminar研究會
4、評價教授
-小對話中(不好),段子題中(好)
-不遲到punctual/prompt,不早退,常拖堂run over time/late,-要求嚴,出題難,給分低
*聽不懂:be lost/be all at sea/in the dark
*聽懂:figure out/make sense/catch/follow words
*打瞌睡:drop off/doze off, keep watching the clock, keep counting the time.5、作業
-作業多:I've had enough of it.(I'll never have enough of it.高興語氣)
*have one's hands full, be tied up, be booked, be up to one's eyes/ears/neck with work.Have a million things to do.Study 48 hours in a day.-想遲交,不遲交:交作業hand in/ turn in, 遲交extension, 多給時間extra/more time
6、熬夜
-常熬夜:sit up, stay doing sth
-不熬夜 get out of it, wise
7、書店
-有貨沒貨in stock/ out of stock
-印,不印in /out of print
-過時out-dated, 最新的updated/current
-平裝paper back,精裝hard back
8、圖書館
-還書:recall a book, library loan, 續借renew, 傳記作者biographer, 微縮膠片 microfiche
-罰錢verdue, late return, fine , moratorium(暫停,推遲)
9、電話
-定主題,聽語氣,背套話
* 電話號碼本:yellow pages, telephone directory,干擾static,接通put through
* 占著電話tie up, be off下線斷線,過會打給你get back to sb.10、選課
-先學入門課intro/basic/prerequisite,再學高級課,教授得同意approval/permission/signiture
-三大顧慮:too much, too difficult, intro course
-課程難,心情不好
-少選明智,多選犯傻,時刻準備退課drop
托福聽力筆記(學習場景)
1、論文
-題目難定(太大)too broad a topic
-資料難查(太多)too much material to cover
-多找教授(時間)
-打字困難(機房)機少人多,想買機
2、筆記
-考筆記be based on the lecture/notes
-字難認make out/recognize handwriting
3、考試
-永遠難was supposed to be easy
-不推遲put it off, hold off, delay, postpone
-分數低:及格passing grade,不及格failing grade,好分數perfect grade
-心里不好受down *take-home exam開卷考試,workshop研討會, seminar研究會
4、評價教授
-小對話中(不好),段子題中(好)
-不遲到punctual/prompt,不早退,常拖堂run over time/late,-要求嚴,出題難,給分低
*聽不懂:be lost/be all at sea/in the dark
*聽懂:figure out/make sense/catch/follow words
*打瞌睡:drop off/doze off, keep watching the clock, keep counting the time.5、作業
-作業多:I've had enough of it.(I'll never have enough of it.高興語氣)
*have one's hands full, be tied up, be booked, be up to one's eyes/ears/neck with work.Have a million things to do.Study 48 hours in a day.-想遲交,不遲交:交作業hand in/ turn in, 遲交extension, 多給時間extra/more time
6、熬夜
-常熬夜:sit up, stay doing sth
-不熬夜 get out of it, wise
7、書店
-有貨沒貨in stock/ out of stock
-印,不印in /out of print
-過時out-dated, 最新的updated/current
-平裝paper back,精裝hard back
第五篇:托福聽力conversation總結
Conversation 題目簡單
語速快(point易漏)記下所有的提問
學生問答、自問自答必考 評論必考 例子必考 廢話必考
把所有重復的記下
話題
一、教授
1、作業
A、選題(選題換題目):老師引導你去想 tough decision B、材料:哪兒可能有(研究材料性質:文章、評論、tap);
更常考:材料不存在->補充材料supplemental(老師誘導去找其他的補充材料)
ask for source material for his paper C、寫到一半時,知識點殘缺
(interview然后結果不一樣:原因:
1、學生的理解有問題(解決:老師再講一遍課上講的東西,“孩子,加油”);
2、學生的數據有問題(老師講如何正確收集數據,為什么錯了,“沒關系,我再給你講一遍”)
D、最后都寫完了,拿給老師做最后審查 ① 正常情況:“你寫的不錯,哪兒好,但是several problem”,老師舉現實生活中的例子(experience)作解釋; ②(常考)寫的特別好,老師感興趣的點,“你是如何想到去采訪這個人?詳細說明”,“你能不能再把它寫長點,把project做大,投稿/在課上做個presentation)
submit a piece of writing for publication
General or casual idea 大致的想法
An increase in the quantity of certain gases in Earth's atmosphere
get a position as reporter/
2、課上問題
開頭廢話:“下周有個quiz,但我第三章有問題”,老師說“這個東西不考”但會給
予講解,考試前去問老師。
開始講:一般圍繞某一個詞(詞義,理論是怎么回事兒),都是解釋性的。
3、志愿者
主動找老師作志愿者:為什么找他(experience,resume);討論有沒有pay(food); 是否可以幫忙(拍馬屁):
1、事情是什么
2、有什么意義(重要信息:時間 fit into my schedule(評論:是否available,考慮是否太長太短;地點,考慮是否便利)
3、目的(為了加分:extra credit,credit is awarded(一般沒有加分,“目前沒有,但報的同學比較少,為吸引人報名可能會有加分”)老師來找學生(好處)
Invite the student to work on a committee
二、圖書館
1、找不到書:為什么找不到(連書名都不知道,要找一個評論但不知道去哪兒找,管理員會告訴你在哪兒,還可能進行討論(“我曾經看過,還有video tape”))
類別
地點(第一個地兒如果沒有就去另一個地兒找)
通過什么方式找(computer,啊我都不知道,怎么上網找,回家找,找不到,還是在這兒找吧)
2、漏洞bug:過期書催還(解決辦法:借別的書,復印,….)To find out if he needs to immediately return a book
3、介紹圖書館(不怎么考了已經,因為過簡單):介紹parking,怎么停車,怎么拿parking card
三、注冊中心 registration office
要選課:sign up for the course
Optional class
a、手動選課:
為什么要選這個課(大四了;是其他課的先修課;非常感興趣)
為什么沒選上(不在場別人幫、(最常見)這課需要別的先修課但我沒有修-)
會看其他課類似課是否有修,我還有經驗資質)
選上課但沒有上(原因:沒有收到cancel通知email問題,我沒通知inform
學校)
d、畢不了業(解決:繼續上;給出qualifications證明自己能力經驗)
新托福聽力場景匯總之CONVERSATION篇
1.課程相關事務場景
? 場景特點:主要涉及到一些和課程相關事項的解決方法。一定以conversation出現,常見話題有:安排考試,調課事宜,課程輔助材料等。? 常見套路:
(1)和考試相關:考試分數;考試復習;安排考試;考試分數(2)和課程相關:課程目的;課程類型;課程形式,課程作業
(3)和作業相關:作業類型;作業方法;交作業相關(4)和論文相關:論文的分數 ? 場景詞匯:
? Discussion, presentation, topic, lecture, good choice, slide(幻燈片), library, collection, check, librarian ? Report, office hour, submit(提交), on disk, hard copy(復印件),soft copy, computer, print, computer lab ? Project, ton of, cover, re-write, research data, information, input, presentation, complete ? Term paper(學期報告), grade, complicated, terrible mistake, edited version(剪接的版本), submit, overtired(勞累過度), stressed, rushing against the clock, mark, draft(草稿), print, final paper, maintaining average, application, drop, re-take, due, extention(延伸),discuss, check back(查閱記錄,核對), re-reading, submission(提交物)
? Information, exam schedule, term, date, book, department, invigilator(監考人), sign up(注冊), sheet, bulletin board(布告牌), faculty lounge(教師休息室), square, draft, dean(院長,系主任), review, draw up(起草), manually(手動的), consult(請教,查閱), register ? Physiology 100, sophomore, second year course, first year student, transfer(轉讓,轉移,調任), begin my first lecture, introduce, complete, approach, laws of physics and chemistry, process(過程,方法,步驟)of life, vital force, philosophical approach, scientific experimentation ? Final exam, midterm, multiple(多重的)choice question, essay question, comprehensive exam, the subject, review, textbook, class note, the final will count for 50% of your grade, research project, run into problems ? School bulletin, required writing course, first year student, third year student, research paper, sign up, cover the entire process of writing a research paper, selecting topic(選題), final format(最終的格式), presentation, hand in, assignment, final grade ? Class meeting, lecture, different concept, hand in, issue, revision(修正,復習,修訂本), grade ? Research paper(研究論文,研究報告), due, proposed topics, make comment, the most frequent problem, broad, preliminary outline(初步的輪廓), schedule, available, appointment, final outline, no more than two pages long, thesis statement(論文觀點), precise statement, conclusion ? Workshop(研討會,講習班), intensive(加強)techniques and skills, personal attention, register, advantage ? Consecutive(連續的)summer, community center(社區活動中心), seminar(討論班), workshop, beginning students, advanced students, last four weeks, credit is awarded, information ? Discuss, schedule, midterm, administer, attendance, optional class(選修課)? 場景例題:
2.相關事務+專業討論場景
? 場景特點:場景性開場白+中間專業內容+場景性結尾。開頭老師常見的會有幾種寒暄,結尾老師會總結收場,中間的專業段落在專業場景中會涉及。? 常見套路:
(1)開頭寒暄套路(2)結尾總結套路 ? 場景詞匯:
? 場景例題:見專業段落
3.選課場景
? 場景特點:一類是學生和學生之間討論選課,一類是老師和學生之間討論選課。開場白部分即可判定其為選課場景,文章內容和結構都相對固定。? 常見套路:
(1)文章的主題:Why does the woman come to see the man? What is the topic of the conversation? What is the main subject of the conversation?(2)老師對學生的疑問:What does the professor concern about? ? 課程太難聽不懂
? 學生選課太多跟不上can't keep up ? 學生基礎太差
(3)學生對自己情況的分析(4)關于退課和放棄課程
(5)文章結尾的延伸:What is the teacher going to do next? What is the student going to do next? What does the student feel at the end of the conversation? ? 場景詞匯:
? Course, semester, summer session(暑期輔導,暑期班), elective, bird course, splendor, lecture hall(大講堂,演講廳), lab, tough decision(艱難的決定), pick, choose, grade, relaxed, paper, final exam, advice, sign up ? Inquiry, credit course, off-campus, program, remote, access, internet, degree, distance education, diploma(證書), requirement, format, print materials, audio-tapes, video, teleconferencing, deliver, cost, fixed date(指定日期,固定日期), history 490 ? Drop, fail, math 101, rough(艱難的), test, med school ? Use your advice, do premed, introductory course, non-science major, be weak in, do poorly in, meet at the same time, modern drama course ? Semester, enroll in, graduate course, qualified(能勝任), hard time keep up, favorite interest, challenging, easy grade ? Permission to register, take the prerequisite, the beginning course, catalog, instructor, previous experience, formal training, decision ? Signature, schedule card, advisor’s approval, quite a heavy load, drop the course, seminar ? Sign up for a noncredit course, intermediate level(中級), grade, regular meeting ? Transfer(轉學,調任), bachelor’s degree, associate, selective, letters of recommendation(推薦信)? Hard course, rehearsal(練習,訓練,排練,預演), extra time, once a week ? Flight program, degree, license(執照), excellent reputation(聲譽,名望), selective, ? 場景例題:
4.遲到曠課場景
? 場景特點:一個學生由于遲到或者曠課而向另外一個學生詢問上課的內容。? 常見套路:
(1)學生曠課遲到的理由:why was the man late for class?
? 車壞了 ? 得病了 ? 睡過了
(2)所缺課程的主題:what is the topic of the professor’s lecture which the man has missed?(3)學生補課的套路
(4)結尾的保證:what does the man promise to do? ? 場景詞匯:
? feel good, cover, lecture, point out, chapter, textbook, part, divide, project, focus, due, show up, note, transcribe(轉錄,抄寫), email ? oversleep, talk about ? trouble with my car, lecture series, attend, admission(進入許可,錄用)
? fill me in something, dentist, emergency, missed somebody’s lecture, note, make sense ? 場景例題:
5.轉學場景
? 場景特點:學生想要轉學或者轉專業,可以涉及的話題還包括轉專業申請文書的寫作等。? 常見套路:
(1)學生轉學轉專業的理由?why does the student go to see the professor? Why does the professor consider unusual about the student’s background?(2)學生轉學的特殊情況(3)學生應該怎樣去做 ? 場景詞匯:
? Public university, private university, community college, reputation, class size, personal attention, individual attention, interact(互相影響), group discussion, tuition, expense, cost, afford, affordable, location, environment, large city, small town, college town, top student, application, experience, special 6.實驗室場景
? 場景特點:有些課是在實驗室上的,就會涉及到實驗室專門的詞匯和專業內容背景。? 常見套路:(1)實驗室課程的專門用語(2)實驗室設備的專門用語 ? 場景詞匯:
? Laboratory, research procedure, lab assistant, retrieve information(提取信息), track the course(跟蹤過程), monitor, track the progress ? Lab instructor(輔導員), lab experience, setup, equipment, result, grade, lab notebook, proper precautions, protective goggles(防護鏡), toxic effect of chemicals, lab procedure, heavy metal ? Workbook, material, experiment, available 7.圖書館場景
? 場景特點:學生和圖書館相關的場景,包括借書還書,圖書館設施,圖書館內遇到的問題麻煩等。? 常見套路:
(1)美國大學圖書館的基本制度
(2)圖書館的基本部門設置和常見設施(3)借書還書相關以及遇到的各種問題 ? 場景詞匯:
? Library, check out, spread out, focus, jam(堵塞,困境), spot, crowd, comfy(=comfort), far away ? Due, finish, renew(續借), check, library card, late, mixed up, request, fine, overdue(過期的), pay, process, sign, suspend(延緩,推遲), privilege(特權,基本權利)? Librarian, facilities, reference room, reference material, dictionary, bibliography(參考書), literature guide, telephone book, periodical(期刊)room, newspaper, magazine, academic journal(學報,學術期刊), current issue(現刊), older issue, card catalog(卡片目錄), listed by title, by author and by topic, call number(圖書編目號碼)? return, shelves, check out, reserve book(庫存書不能外借), overnigh use ? secondhand bookstore, inscription, front cover, signature, poetry book ? paperback section, index(索引)? exit gate, check out ? reserve, additional copy, article ? 場景例題:
8.課堂內容討論場景
? 場景特點:學生課下對于課堂的某些問題的討論,可能涉及作業、教師等話題 ? 常見套路:
(1)討論課堂留下的作業。(2)討論老師教學質量。
(3)涉及課堂內容,比如學生沒有聽懂課下討論上課的某一問題。9.獎學金場景
? 場景特點:學生與獎學金助學金相關的問題咨詢工作人員。? 常見套路:
(1)咨詢獎學金的種類
(2)獎學金授予的資格:What can be inferred about the qualifications to apply for bursaries(助學金)?(3)如何申請獎學金(4)獎學金申請的材料(5)申請到獎學金的可能性
(6)獎學金的網站:What is the student most likely to do after this conversation? ? 場景詞匯:
? Scholarship, bursary(助學金), department, information, financial aid, monetary(['m?nit?ri]貨幣的財政的), grant, determine, committee, donor, apply for, financially, in need, consider, out-of-town(外地的), requirement, website, on-line, submit, official, document, in person ? scholarship, available, maintain, average, mark, apply for, applicant, committee, honor, award, exam, candidate, weight, guarantee, grade point average(GPA), percent, website, address, rigorous(嚴格的,嚴厲的,嚴密的, 嚴酷的),extra-curricular(課外的), hardship, achievement, letter of recommendation, fill, time consuming job(耗時的工作), recommend, eligibility(適任,合格),enrollment(登記,入伍)
? 場景例題:
10.論文場景
? 場景特點:學生與寫論文相關的問題和教授討論。內容和結構相對固定。? 常見套路:
(1)論文題目選定
(2)論文中包括的資料查找:What information will the man include in his report?(3)老師對論文的后續服務:What does the professor offer to do for the man? ? 場景詞匯:
? Organize, essay, topic, chosen, broad, narrow it down(縮小), compare, focused, interested, begin, discussion, opinion, fact, support, idea, check, statistics(統計), percentage, include, words, rough draft(草稿), outline, break down, subtopic, office hour, reference, material ? Research paper, discuss, topic, recommend, theory, work progress(工程進度)? Report, subject, catalog, published source, gather material ? Information, plagiarize(['pleid?j?raiz]剽竊,抄襲), failing grade(不及格), gather, note, assimilate the information thoroughly(完全吸收), paraphrase, capture the main idea(捕獲主要想法), quote directly(直接引用), finalize(完成,使結束)the research paper ? Draft, pass it out in our classes, clear up(解決)the problem ? 場景例題: 11.實地考查場景
? 場景特點:指學生field trip、field test野外實地考查的相關,或者外出的各種活動,比如采訪等等。? 常見套路:
(1)Where? Field trip的目的地destination(2)When? 要去多久?何時走?何時回?(3)Who? 哪些人去?哪個年級去?(4)How? 怎么去?(5)Why? 目的是什么?
(6)注意事項announcement,比如帶哪些東西,不帶哪些東西 ? 場景詞匯:
? List, supply, on site, kit(工具裝備), notebook, axe, glove, instrument, measure, clean, cancel, weather, clothes, outside, food, snack, transportation, transport, dig ? Trip leader, participate, report, field trip ? 場景例題:
12.體育運動場景
? 場景特點:和學生體育運動相關的場景。重點掌握美國大學生所進行的常見體育運動。? 常見套路:
(1)托福聽力中曾經出現過的體育運動項目(2)每個運動項目的標志詞
(3)每個運動項目所常提及的話題(4)每個運動項目的背景知識 ? 場景詞匯: ? 場景例題:
? Spring cycling season, regular hobby, physical fitness routine(體能常規), bicyclist, expert riders ? Endurance test(耐力測驗), recreational(休閑的,消遣的)cyclists, racers ? Ski patrol, ski patroller, safety ? Physical education class, rock climbing, rope, belt, buckle(皮帶扣), safety equipment, climbing trip 13.游玩場景
? 場景特點:和學生出游度假等有關。可以設計度假旅游、周末休閑、郊游活動、電影音樂會等話題。? 常見套路:
(1)出游的目的(2)出游的具體計劃(3)出游的內容(4)出游遇到的問題 ? 場景詞匯: ? 場景例題:
? Break, racket, reserve a court(預定球場)? Rock concert, vacation, weather 14.打工場景
? 場景特點:一類是招工場景;一類是學生之間、學生和老師之間談論工作的場景。? 常見套路:
(1)托福中學生經常從事的工作
? Teaching assistant, research assistant, lab assistant ? 各種商業部門的工作 ? 家庭服務性工作
? 與本專業、或比較有趣的工作
(2)工作的內容
(3)申請的手續和流程
? 應聘的資格
? 工作的待遇和時間 ? 手續問題
? 工作的具體內容
? 場景詞匯:
? Summer break, work, job, offer, excellent opportunity, practice, wonderful, dilemma([di'lem?, ,dai-] 困境), difficult decision, plan, volunteer, NGO(民間組織,非政府組織), chance, share, interesting, spend, accept, program, interview, company, application, apply for, money, advice ? Tough, exam, stressed, dread, cram the night(上考場), part-time, money, board, balance, hit the book(預習功課), energy, tired, sleep, consolation(慰問,安慰), get through, fun,fondness(愛好)
? Announcement, hire, part-time assistant, experience, research, daily ? Laboratory assistant, fill out an application(填申請表), fit into my schedule ? Variety of job opportunities, responsible for, volunteer, service, positions are open, link of service, career training(職業訓練,專業訓練), program available, demand physical endurance, receive no salary, pay for living expense, housing and food allowance(補助), additional information ? Internship program(實習計劃), advanced planning, career opportunities, working experience, short term experience, permanent employment, full-time, academic credit, supervise(監督管理指導),hand out, career advisory service, living expence ? 場景例題: 15.學生組織活動場景
? 場景特點:學生介紹自己組織或者參與的一個活動。? 常見套路:
(1)學生經常參加和組織的活動
? 班級競選 ? 減肥 ? 公益活動
(2)活動的目的:What is the main reason for the woman to participate this activity?(3)分發handout:(4)活動的具體內容 ? 場景詞匯:
? Run, marathon, motivator, back into shape(重塑題型), inspire(激發,鼓舞), running buddies, positive, sponsor(贊助者,主辦方,保證人), tons of money(無數的錢), cause ? Introduce, campus daily, volunteer, salary, ceremony, alumni(pl.男畢業生)? 場景例題:
16.報到注冊場景
? 場景特點:新生報到注冊時候遇到的問題。? 常見套路:
(1)報到注冊的時間(2)報到注冊的準備材料(3)報到注冊可能遇到的問題 ? 場景詞匯:
? Registration, time, determine, first year student, mail, designated date, specific time, admission letter, continuing students, average, previous, session(會議,學期,開學), pay, credit card, bank, teller, confirmation slip(確認單), in person ? Registration, date, newly admitted student, undergraduate, junior, sophomore, returning student, senior, check, pay attention, time, register, designated time, pay, fee, financial aid, financial officer, sponsor, authorization letter(授權書,授權信), on-line ? 場景例題:
17.校園生活場景
? 場景特點:關于學生租房子或者宿舍相關的話題場景。? 常見套路:
(1)房子條件差(2)與室友很難相處(3)找房子租
(4)學校房子的管理制度 ? 場景詞匯:
? Move, accent, pod, international group, major, lucky, excellent, booklet, regulation(管理,規則,校準), rule, conductive, quiet policy, problem, allow, smoke, cook, plug(插頭,塞子,栓), dryer, voltage, alarm, kitchen, leftover(剩余物), clean-up day, hot water, meter, washroom, laundry facility,洗衣設備),basement(地下室), conserving energy, lounge area(休息室), heat, air-conditioning, permit, hallway, community space, prior notification(事先通知), safe, valuable, housekeeper, vacuum cleaner, lock, key, check, fire prevention equipment, cover, overnight visitor, arrange, in advance, religious propaganda(宣傳), dorm, furnishing, park ? Roommate, dormitory, unpacking our things, neat ? Housing office, living off campus, cost, rent, utilities, need a car to commute, noisy, peace and quiet
? Winter break, dean, vacation arrangement, fill up the forms(填滿表格), heating cost, temporary accommodation(臨時住宿)? Housing director, checkout procedure, leave for vacation, return your key, summer maintenance crew, residence advisor, pass around ? Apartment, dump(垃圾場,傾倒), functional, noisy ? 場景例題:
18.醫院場景
? 場景特點:關于學生看病和醫院相關的場景。? 常見套路:
(1)常見病癥的詞匯(2)常見治療手段的詞匯(3)治病的常見句型總結 ? 場景詞匯:
? Diagnose(診斷,判斷), patient’s illness, painful, technological advance, blood and tissue sample, diagnostic techniques, detect diseases, variations in temperature, X rays, side effect, uncomfortable, endure pain(忍耐痛苦), health care ? Medical clinic and infirmary(醫務室,養老院), nursing staff, get sick, a really bad cold, develop terrible coughs, pneumonia(肺炎), stay in the infirmary, don’t feel well, rest more and skip a few classes, get medical excuse, the clinic hour, emergency number ? Modern medical facility, health needs, dental clinic, operating room, special surgery, surgeons,physicians ? Student Health Services, blood pressure, university nutritionists, processed foods, university hospital ? Pain, discharge, slight(輕微的)earache, take it easy ? Prevention, symptoms(癥狀), cough, fever, funny nose, head and bones ache, chill, flu, influenza, overtired, stressed out, exposure to virus, sneeze, airborne virus, body’s resistance(身體抗體), ward off(避開)the flu, rest, eat well, drink a lot of water, immune system, fight off illness, immunized, vaccine(疫苗), university health center