第一篇：【廣東專用】2014屆高考英語一輪復習課時作業(五) [必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero]

課時作業(五)[必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero]

(限時：30分鐘)

Ⅰ.完形填空

We'll all have a heart that is already accurately showing us how true things are.移植)． ： finding a donor heart that matched Maria's blood type could take years.However, Carmen was determined to save her

Days stretched out.By Christmas, Maria had trouble walking from one end of the room to the

“Are you okay？” a man asked.-aged man was named Frank, whose wife, Cheryl, a tender and devoted mother of four lovely children, had been in hospital with a，an idea came to Frank's mind.He knew Cheryl had always wanted to donate something from herself.Frank before, they both felt a strange bond as they hugged and cried.葬禮)with Frank's family, who were singing their favorite song My heart will go on.1．A.sufferedB．survived

C．diedD．made

2．A.changeB．danger

C．disorderD．pain

3．A.smallB．big

C．possibleD．likely

4．A.findingB．phoning

C．touringD．interrupting

5．A.cryingB．sleeping

C．doubtingD．thinking

6．A.ideaB．story

C．thoughtD．accident

7．A.putB．support

C．passD．make

8．A.HurriedlyB．Suddenly

C．CalmlyD．Devotionally

9．A.informedB．warned

C．congratulatedD．reminded

10．A.give upB．carry out

C．search afterD．put off

11．A.noticedB．predicted

C．foundD．declared

12．A.prayingB．begging

C．decoratingD．singing

13．A.attendedB．joined

C．visitedD．passed

14．A.passed awayB．woke up

C．left behindD．dressed up

15．A.activeB．alive

C．necessaryD．changeable

Ⅱ.閱讀理解

A

Credit cards let people buy things now and pay for them over months or even years.But some people get deep into debt.Some banks have terms and charges that can make it harder for people to pay off that debt.In the United States, there are calls for stronger government supervision of the credit card credit card debt.Now they own about $968 billion.Critics say banks made it too easy to get credit cards.But that may be changing.The crisis in the housing and credits markets is beginning to affect the credit card industry.More payments are late.Charges for late payments are a growing source of profit for banks.But late payments can also signal bad debts.The central bank, the Federal Reserve, says two-thirds of American banks have recently reported tighter lending requirements.Many people report having their credit limits reduced without warning.Some lawmakers are concerned that cardholders do not have enough protections from what critics say are abusive policies.These include actions like raising interest rates because of an unrelated event.Also, banks may raise the chances of a late payment by changing monthly payment dates for credit cards.According to a survey, 82% of Americans think credit cards provide a valuable service.But a majority, 58%, say they do not trust credit card companies.And three out of four think the government should regulate the industry more closely.Three out of four people feel there is always some condition that makes a card less appealing than the company made it sound.And a little more than half say they have had a card that was not as good as they expected.But close to 80% say no one really reads the terms and conditions when they sign up for a credit card.16．What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably mean?

A．We can enjoy more convenience using credit cards.B．Credit cards can improve your buying power.C．We can buy things at lower prices using credit cards.D．Credit cards bring more card debt as well as convenience.17．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?

A．Banks are making it harder for people to get credit cards.B．Some people's credit limits have been reduced.C．It is more difficult to borrow money from some banks.D．Banks are receiving more charges from late payments.18．Which of the following can be a case of abusive policies?

A．Banks make credit cards look more attractive.B．Banks ignore the danger of bad debts.C．Banks raise interest rates with no good reason.D．Banks put off monthly payment dates.19．What can we know from the text?

A．Banks actually prefer to see more late payment.B．People should be more careful when applying for a credit card.C．The US government provides better protection for cardholders.D．The majority of Americans don't think much of credit cards.20．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．Credit cards are still very well received in America.B．Credit cards don't live up to some people's expectations.C．Many people don't believe in credit card companies.D．The results of a survey about credit cards in Americans.B

You love Jay Chou's songs and you can sing some quite well.So you make a video of your performance and post it online for your friends to see.But what if this led to something beyond your wildest imagination—a career in music?

Canadian teenager Justin Bieber, 16, has just had the magical experience: He posted homemade videos of his versions of songs by American singer Chris Brown online for his relatives.He received a phone call from Brown, telling him how much he liked his performance.His singing eventually earned him a fan base and a record contract.After releasing a popular EP(extended play密紋唱片)record in November 2009, his album My World 2.0 came out.Bieber sings ballads and songs about puppy love.But is he just another gooey(甜膩的)teen idol? David Malitz, a columnist with The Washington Post, doesn't think so.“If we truly want the best for American children, let us pause and give thanks for Justin Bieber，” he writes.“After years of humdrum bubblegum(乏味的搖滾舞曲)from Miley Cyrus and the Jonas Brothers, the 16-year-old has thrown a candy-coated wrench(扭轉)into Disney's heartthrob(甜心)assembly line(生產線)by giving young fans something worth screaming their lungs out for: lovable pop songs.”

From a boy who grew up below the poverty line with his divorced mom to a star who caused near-riots(近乎失控)in shopping malls, even Bieber himself can't believe his overnight fame, although his kind of success is becoming more and more common in the Internet era.Interested in hockey(冰球), the national sport of Canada, the boy once put up pictures of players on the walls of his bedroom.He dreamed of being a hockey star and used to practice signing his

autograph(簽名).He doesn't need practice now.He signs autographs, if the girls can get close enough, as a music star.21．What did Chris Brown think of Justin Bieber's singing?

A．He didn't like it.B．He liked it very much.C．He didn't say anything.D．He supported Justin Bieber.22．Who is a columnist?

A．Chris Brown.B．Jay Chou.C．David Malitz.D．Miley Cyrus.23．What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?

A．He had a happy family.B．His family was very poor once.C．His family was rich.D．His family helped him a lot.24．What's Justin Bieber's hobby?

A．Singing.B．Hockey.C．Signing.D．Making records.25．What's the best title of the passage?

A．Justin Bieber's overnight success.B．Justin Bieber's common experience.C．Justin Bieber's life.D．Justin Bieber's records.課時作業(五)

Ⅰ.文章告訴我們，在生活中要有愛心，給別人無私的愛，只有這樣才能將愛傳承下去，才是人間大愛。

1．B 根據后文的but可知，雖然得了嚴重的心臟病，但是死里逃生，還活著。

2．B 根據前后文語境Carmen到處給母親找配型的心臟及but可知，雖然活過來了，但一直沒有脫離生命危險。

3．A 根據文中可知，尋找血型合適的配型心臟需要等很多年，所以實施心臟移植手術的希望很渺茫。

4．B 根據語境可知，Carmen只能通過堅持給世界各地方的醫院打電話的方式尋找移植的心臟，不可能親自到世界各地去，所以此處只有打電話貼近實際。

5．A 根據文中lost all hope可知，Carmen因絕望而在醫院一角哭泣。

6．B 根據前后文可知，Carmen把自己母親的情況告訴了Frank，只有story最合適。

7．D 根據后文可知，Frank的妻子得了腦病，但是沒能挺過那一晚，make it意為“達到，做到”，此處為“挺過，熬住”。

8．B 根據前后文可知，Frank和Carmen是剛剛認識的，所以Frank要把妻子的心臟捐給Carmen的母親的念頭是聽完Carmen母親的故事后突然閃現的。

9．A 根據review和perfect fit可知，醫生經過檢驗數據后通知Frank他妻子的心臟很適合給Carmen的母親做移植。

10．B 根據前文可知，他們之間能進行心臟移植。carry out意為“實施、施展”。

11．D 醫生宣告病人死亡是很嚴肅、慎重的事情，用declared最合適。

12．A 根據前文可知，Carmen每天都在為Frank的家人祈禱。

13．A 根據語意可知，參加Frank妻子的葬禮，只有attend最合適。join意為“加入，成為一份子”；visit意為“參加，訪問”；pass意為“經過”。

14．B 根據全文語境可知，心臟移植一天后Carmen的母親就醒了。

15．B Frank妻子充滿愛心的心臟將永遠存在，因為它跳動在另一個有愛心的母親的胸腔里。

Ⅱ.A

文章主要介紹了現在在美國許多人由于使用信用卡，欠下很多的債務。通過調查有關的問題，提醒大家慎重使用信用卡。

16．D 句意猜測題。根據本段的信息Credit cards let people buy things now and pay for them over months or even years.But some people get deep into debt.Some banks have terms and charges that can make it harder for people to pay off that debt.看出，信用卡在給人們帶來方便的同時，也帶來了債務。

17．A 細節理解題。第三段的Many people report having their credit limits reduced without warning.說明B項是正確的；第三段的?says two-thirds of American banks have recently reported tighter lending requirements.說明C項是正確的；第二段的Charges for late payments are a growing source of profit for banks.說明D項是正確的；從第二段的Critics say banks made it too easy to get credit cards.看出A項是不正確的。

18．C 細節理解題。從第四段的These include actions like raising interest rates because of an unrelated event.看出，銀行沒有任何的理由就提高利率。

19．B 推理判斷題。根據這篇文章，美國的很多人因為使用信用卡，而欠下很多的債，通過這篇文章提醒大家，辦信用卡要慎重。

20．D 段落大意題。從最后一段提供的數據看是在美國有關信用卡的調查結果。

B

文章講述了十六歲的加拿大男孩Justin Bieber把自己唱的歌曲做成錄像，通過網絡一夜成名的故事。

21．B 細節理解題。從第二段的He received a phone call from Brown, telling him how much he liked his performance.可找到答案。

22．C 細節理解題。從第三段的David Malitz, a columnist with The Washington Post, doesn't think so.可找到答案。

23．B 推理判斷題。從第四段的From a boy who grew up below the poverty line with his divorced mom?可得出答案。

24．B 細節理解題。從最后一段的Interested in hockey, the national sport of Canada, the boy once put up pictures of players on the walls of his bedroom.He dreamed of being a hockey star and used to practice signing his autograph.可找到答案。

25．A 主旨大意題。縱覽全文可得出答案。

第二篇：【廣東專用】2014屆高考英語一輪復習課時作業(一) Unit1 Friendship 新人教版必修1

課時作業(一)[必修1 Unit 1 Friendship]

(限時：30分鐘)

Ⅰ.完形填空 This is a true story.Recently, one of my best friends, whom I've __1__

happiness and sorrow with since the first day of kindergarten spent the weekend with me.Over the weekend, we __2__ hours and hours talking and stayed up late into the night.She started telling me stories about her new boyfriend, about how he took drugs and was into other self-destructive behavior.She told me how she had been __3__ to her parents about going out to see that guy.Because her parents didn't want her to be around him, she had to make up excuses every time she saw him.I couldn't believe that she really thought it was __4__ to wander around with her boyfriend.I tried to explain to her that she was destroying her __5__ and would get into big __6__.But she didn't listen to me at all and was angry about my __7__ towards her boyfriend.I had come __8__ to telling her several times that we had just grown too far to keep our friendship.But I didn't.After she left, I was really __9__ about her and our friendship.But I thought we'd been __10__ for too long.I __11__ that she would value me enough to know that I was trying to __12__ her from hurting herself.I was sure that our __13__ could conquer anything.A few days later, she called to say that she had __14__ long and hard about our talk, and then she told me that she had __15__ up with her boyfriend.I just listened on the other end of the phone with tears of joys running down my face.Never had I been so proud of a friend in my life.1．A.arguedB．cared

C．metD．shared

2．A.tookB．paid

C．spentD．cost

3．A.tellingB．lying

C．speakingD．arguing

4．A.normalB．natural

C．commonD．acceptable

5．A.parentsB．boyfriend

C．futureD．work

6．A.troubleB．danger

C．problemD．difficulty

7．A.adviceB．view

C．wordsD．attitude

8．A.nearlyB．directly

C．closeD．straight

9．A.caredB．missed

C．huntedD．concerned

10．A.friendsB．sisters

C．classmatesD．workmates

11．A.wantedB．thought

C．believedD．hoped

12．A.huntB．save

C．solveD．hate

13．A.conversationB．stories

C．happinessD．friendship

14．A.thoughtB．hoped

C．wantedD．left

15．A.keptB．taken

C．brokenD．brought

Ⅱ.閱讀理解

A

My hate for my mother caused me a lot of years of pain, but I finally realized that I was not hurting her.I was hurting myself and I was in bondage to her because I held her in my heart full of hate.God set me free from this when I forgave her.A couple of years ago I came face to face with my mother at my

grandmother's funeral.I told her about the changes in my life and I told her that I forgave her.I was able to tell her that I loved her.I am still separated from my oldest daughter, but she knows that I love her and that I made some wrong

choices.I am now raising three of my own children and my sister's child.When I look into the eyes of my sister's baby—who is now the same age as my oldest child was when I left her—I can see myself at that age.I know that Jesus forgives, as I am allowed to be the mother I never knew.Take a look at your life.There are things we dream of doing one day;there are things we wish we could forget.In the Bible, it says that Jesus came to make all things new.What would your life look like if you could start over with a clean slate?

Live with hope.If you are looking for peace, there is a way to balance your life.No one can be perfect, or have a perfect life.But every one of us has the opportunity to experience perfect grace through a personal relationship with God through his son, Jesus Christ.You can receive Christ right now by faith through prayer.Praying is simply talking to God.God knows your heart and is not so concerned with your words as he is with the attitude of your heart.Jesus Christ will come into your life, just as he promised.As you learn more about your relationship with God, and how much he loves you, you'll experience life to the fullest.16．From Paragraph 1, we can infer that ________．

A．the author still lives with her mother

B．the author has three children but the oldest one does not live with her

C．when staying with her sister's baby, the author can't help recalling her old days

D．the author will never be forgiven by her mother

17．From the passage, we know the author was hurting herself because

________．

A．she couldn't forgive herself for making so many mistakes

B．she is separated from her oldest daughter

C．she hasn't any belief in her life

D．she couldn't get rid of the hate for her mother

18．According to the author, which one is NOT true?

A．Not all of us can experience a perfect life.B．There are various situations in life.C．When we pray, God cares more about our attitude than our words.D．We should be grateful to God for his help.19．In writing this passage, the author intends to ________．

A．tell us a story about her and her children

B．show her regret to her mother

C．tell us religious belief is a cure for bad feelings in life

D．explain why she forgave her mother

20．The best title for the passage might/would be “________”．

A．Forgiveness is a virtue

B．How to live a perfect life

C．The right attitude towards our life

D．God is always with us

B[2012·廣東卷]

I was blind, but I was ashamed of it if it was known.I refused to use a white stick and hated asking for help.After all, I was a teenage girl, and I couldn't bear people to look at me and think I was not like them.I must have been a terrible danger on the roads.Coming across me wandering through the traffic, motorists probably would have to step rapidly on their brakes.Apart from that, there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work.One evening, I got off the bus about halfway home where I had to change buses, and as usual I ran into something.“I’m awfully sorry，”I said and stepped forward only to run into it again.When it happened a third time, I realized I had been apologizing to a lamppost.This was just one of the stupid things that constantly happened to me.So I carried on and found the bus stop, which was a request stop, where the bus wouldn't stop unless passengers wanted to get on or off.No one else was there and I had to try to guess if the bus had arrived.Generally in this situation, because I hated showing I was blind by asking for help, I tried to guess at the sound.Sometimes I would stop a big lorry and stand there feeling stupid as it drew away.In the end, I usually managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help.But on this particular evening no one joined me at the stop;it seemed that everyone had suddenly decided not to travel by bus.Of course I heard plenty of buses pass, or I thought I did.But because I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself, I let them all go by.I stood there alone for half an hour without stopping one.Then I gaveup.I decided to walk on to the next stop.21.Thegirl refused to ask for help because she thought ________．

A．she might be recognized

B．asking for help looked silly

C．she was normal and independent

D．being found blind was embarrassing

22.After the girl got off the bus that evening, she ________．

A．began to run

B．hit a person as usual

C．hit a lamppost by accident

D．was caught by something

23.At the request stop that evening, the girl ________．

A．stopped a big lorry

B．stopped the wrong bus

C．made no attempt to stop the bus

D．was not noticed by other people

24.What was the problem with guessing at the sound to stop a bus?

A．Other vehicles also stopped there.B．It was unreliable for making judgments.C．More lorries than buses responded to the girl.D．It took too much time for the girl to catch the bus.25.Finally the girl decided to walk to the next stop, hoping ________．

A．to find people there

B．to find more buses there

C．to find the bus by herself there

D．to find people more helpful there

課時作業(一)

Ⅰ.友情可貴，但到底什么樣的友誼才是真正的友誼？當朋友執迷不悟時，你能曉之以理，動之以情，忍受誤會，堅持下去，使朋友懸崖勒馬，那才是真正的友誼。

1．D 根據句中one of my best friends和happiness and sorrow及with可推斷出正確答案為D，表示“能夠分享快樂和悲傷的好朋友”；share sth with sb意為“與某人分享某物(事)”。

2．C 根據句中的talking一詞可判斷此句應用句型sb spend(s)some time(in)doing sth“某人花時間做某事”。

3．B 由下文中提到的她父母不同意她和男友的交往可知，她想要會見男友，只能向父母撒謊；lie to sb about sth“就某事向某人撒謊”。

4．D 按照常理，她和這樣一個吸毒男友的交往是一件不正常、不自然的事情，但是作者的朋友仍然不顧一切地要和男友在一起，因此在她看來，這件事對于她自己來說是可以接受的。句意為：我無法相信她真的認為和這樣的男朋友繼續交往是可以接受的。

5．C 結合上題解析，作者極力勸阻朋友和其男友交往，所以作者認為她的朋友是自毀前程，讓她自己陷入麻煩之中，故本題正確答案為C。

6．A 根據上一題的解析和destroying一詞可知答案為A。get into trouble“陷入困境”。

7．D attitude towards sb“對某人的態度”。

8．C come close to doing 表示“差一點做某事”。全句意思是“我有好幾次差點告訴她我們的觀點相差太遠，以至于我們無法維系我們的友誼。”

9．D 由上下文可知作者擔心她朋友的前途和她們之間的友誼，故正確答案為D, be concerned about sth表示“為某事擔心”。

10．A 根據文章第一段的第二句可知“我們已經是很久的朋友了”。

11．C 作為朋友，“我”相信她一定會珍視“我”(及“我”的建議)。

12．B 根據下文的from hurting herself，可知“我是在盡力挽救她不要傷害到她自己”。

13．D 由下文可推斷出作者此處表達的意思是“我相信我們之間的友誼會戰勝一切”。

14．A think about our talk表示“思考我們的談話”。

15．C break up with sb 表示“與某人分手(絕交)”。

Ⅱ.A

我們的生活每天都不一樣，不應該帶有仇恨地去生活，而應該把上帝裝在心中，放下仇恨，寬容自己，寬容別人，這樣才能生活得更美好。

16．C 推理判斷題。根據文中第一段后半部分可知，當作者看到自己姐姐家孩子的眼睛時，就會想起和她一樣大時的自己，推出當作者和姐姐孩子一起時，就會禁不住回憶起她的當年，故選C項。

17．D 細節理解題。根據文中第一段第二句可知“我”傷害“我”自己并束縛著自己，因為“我”心里充滿了對母親的憎恨，故選D項，因為她不能消除對母親的憎恨。

18．A 細節理解題。根據文中倒數第三段中“No one can be perfect, or have a

perfect life.”，可知沒有人能有絕對完美的生活，A選項中“Not all of us”與文中原意不符。

19．C 推理判斷題。文中通過自己憎恨母親到慢慢原諒母親逐步切入主題：沒有人能過絕對完美的生活，我們只有改變態度，尋求上帝的幫助才能改變生活，推出選C。

20．D 推理判斷題。文章一開始講了“我”對母親的憎恨，后來慢慢原諒了母親，然后開始點題講述上帝在我們生活中的作用，所以D項最合適。

B

這是一篇記敘文。表達盲人的生活觀。文章記敘了作者身為盲人，而不愿意讓別人知道，還不愿意向別人求助的事情。作者等公共汽車的事情使她體會到了有的時候還是需要別人的幫助的。

21.D 細節理解題。由本文第一句(I was blind, but I was ashamed of it if it was known.)可知。

22.C 細節理解題。由第二段前三句，特別是第三句(When it happened a third time, I realized I had been apologizing to a lamppost.)可知。

23.C 細節理解題。根據最后一段可知，作者害怕攔不到車使自己難堪，所以放棄攔車。故選C。

24.B 推理判斷題。根據第三段I tried to guess at the sound.Sometimes I would stop a big lorry and stand there feeling stupid as it drew away.和第四段的But because I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself, I let them all go by.看出根據聲音來判斷車輛是不可靠的。故選B。

25.A 推理判斷題。從第四段I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself可知，她本人不想攔車了，又由第三段managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help可知，她是決定找人幫忙了，而在本站沒有人，去下一站當然就是希望在那里可以找到人幫忙。

第三篇：【廣東專用】2014屆高考英語一輪復習課時作業(十一) [必修3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world]

課時作業(十一)[必修3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world]

(限時：30分鐘)

Ⅰ.完形填空 gifts for lack of money.I felt sad and thought，“What would I say when the other kids asked what I'd ？”Then，Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my ． 125 orphans(孤兒)at the Christmas party.For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies, each with a child's name.We wanted all of them to know they were ．came as I called out，“One, two, three.Open your presents！”As the children opened their packages, and it wasn't just about toys.It was a feeling—the feeling I knew from that Christmas so long ago when ．

1．A.sendingB．receiving

C．preferringD．organizing

2．A.persuadedB．prepared

C．gotD．expected

3．A.cared aboutB．settled down

C．showed upD．gave in

4．A.puzzledB．embarrassed

C．worriedD．stubborn

5．A.presentB．firstC．recentD．late

6．A.hardlyB．suddenlyC．regularlyD．finally

7．A.scheduleB．attitude

C．importanceD．safety

8．A.knowB．reach

C．rememberD．transport

9．A.made upB．caught up

C．came upD．gave up

10．A.reliableB．specialC．helpfulD．fond

11．A.remindedB．waited

C．organizedD．promised

12．A.chanceB．giftC．momentD．fare

13．A.litB．tookC．burnedD．cheered

14．A.altitudeB．insurance

C．calmnessD．joy

15．A.matterB．wonder

C．determineD．dream

Ⅱ.閱讀理解

A

One summer my friend and I decided to go to Italy for a holiday and we decided to travel there without going through a travel agency.You know, you would be submerged(淹沒)in crowds of tourists and lose lots of opportunities to get familiar with the country more closely.We started to think over our trip and managed to come up with a free tour of Italy.The trip was not very long but it was still very impressive.We look forward to going there again!Of course, we spent lots of time arranging the trip, but it was well worth it!Of course I was afraid that something would go wrong and I was especially anxious about my visa, but everything went quite smoothly in the end.The most difficult part was getting a visa without an invitation.In the Italian consulate(領事館), one must hand in some official paper proving that one has a hotel booked for oneself in order to get the visa.Then we had to solve the ticket problem.Airlines often sell cheap tickets and we bought ours far in advance.The next step was to book a hotel.We finally booked a hotel about 30 km away from the heart of Rome and it was the perfect choice for our trip.Every day we took a train that carried us to the heart of Rome.Our big house, which was

surrounded by the forest, was a rare place for the fresh air and absolute silence, beautiful views,hospitable(好客的)hosts, comfortable living conditions delighted us to no end.Besides this, we were very lucky that our mistress was Russian.She gave us a lot of advice that was of great use.She told us what transport to choose and where the best places to go.Don't be afraid to arrange your trip by yourself.It's not difficult!The only thing I'll say right now is that we really enjoyed travelling by ourselves.We walked with a map and a guide-book to wherever we wanted and we even met some of our fellow countrymen on the way just two or three times.So, if you're also planning a “single” trip, don't forget to take a Russian-Italian phrasebook as people in Italy prefer to speak in their native tongue.16．Why does the author want to go to Italy again?

A．He had a great time there.B．Italy has a lot of attractions.C．His friend invited him there.D．He didn't stay in Italy long enough.17．What does the author think was the hardest in preparing for his Italian trip?

A．Buying cheap airline tickets to Italy before the travelling.B．Getting a visa without an invitation from the Italian consulate.C．Booking a comfortable hotel on his own in Rome.D．Solving the ticket problem far in advance.18．In the fourth paragraph the author mainly explains________.A．the reason why he chose to live in the center of Rome

B．the reason why the hotel he booked was the right choice

C．what transport they chose to travel in their Italian trip

D．the reason why the mistress gave them some advice

19．Which of the following questions has NOT been answered in the passage?

A．Why did the author decide to go to Italy for a holiday for the first time?

B．Why did the author decide not to follow a travel agency?

C．How did the author prepare for his trip?

D．What tools did the author use for his travelling?

20．From the text we can know the author________.A．enjoys travelling everywhere in the world

B．likes being accompanied by tour guides

C．advises us to arrange trips by ourselves

D．met with a lot of his countrymen in Italy

B

Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳)poisoning kills and injures many people and animals around the world.The gas has been a problem since people first began burning fuels to cook food or to create heat.It is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather.Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air.The gas has no color.It has no taste.It has no smell.It does not cause burning eyes.And it does not cause people to cough.But it is very deadly.It robs the body of its ability to use oxygen.Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.It does this by linking with the blood.When the gas links with the blood, the blood is no longer able to carry oxygen to the tissues that need it.Damage to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts of carbon monoxide.How

quickly this happens depends on the length of time a person is breathing the gas and the amount of the gas he or she breathes in.Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs.But people have to be awake to recognize them.Small amounts of the gas will cause a person's head to hurt.He or she may begin to feel tired.The person may feel sick.The room may appear to be turning around.The person may have trouble

thinking clearly.People develop severe head pain as the amount of gas continues to enter their blood.They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy.They may have terrible stomach pains.Medical experts say carbon monoxide affects people differently.For example, a small child will experience health problems or die much quicker than an adult will.The general health of the person or his or her age can also be important.An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of carbon monoxide more quickly than a younger person with no health problems.People with heart disease may suffer chest pains.They may begin to have trouble breathing.21．Why is carbon monoxide called the silent killer?

A．Because it tastes and smells good.B．Because it is not easily noticed.C．Because it kills and injures people.D．Because it always harm people.22．How does carbon monoxide harm people?

A．It makes people's blood unable to move.B．It decreases the amount of blood in the body.C．It makes body tissues full of blood.D．It makes the blood less able to carry oxygen.23．When people breathe in small amounts of the gas, they may ________.A．feel a little dizzy

B．suffer a severe headache

C．go around in the room

D．have a terrible stomachache

24．Which of the following about carbon monoxide poisoning is TRUE?

A．Adults are affected more seriously than children.B．Young people are more severely affected than old people.C．People in poor health may have more severe consequences.D．People with heart problem only suffer from chest pains.25．The purpose of the passage is to ________.A．warn people not to burn fuels to keep warm in the winter

B．list the damages that carbon monoxide brings to people

C．give advice on how to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning

D．introduce some knowledge about carbon monoxide poisoning

課時作業(十一)

Ⅰ.1.B 由上下文可知，還是小孩子的“我”，在圣誕節來臨時應該是收到禮物。

2．C 聯系上下文，此處表達的意思是別人問“我”收到了什么禮物。

3．C show up出現。

4．B 有了禮物在學校就不會感到難堪了。

5．B 聯系上下文，提到new house，選擇first。

6．B 聯系上下文，可了解作者當時那種激動的心情，所以應該是突然她想到了那件讓她難忘的事情。

7．C 根據第一段中描述那次圣誕節禮物給作者的感受和作者此刻的心情，她認為送圣誕節禮物讓孩子們感到自己的重要性。

8．B 此處表示“夠得著，能聯系上”。不能選擇A，因為作者不可能認識很多孩子。

9．C 從上一段可以推斷，是“我”想出了(came up with)一個計劃。

10．B 每個人都有屬于自己的禮物，所以作者的意思是給孩子們啟示：每個人都是特殊的，獨一無二的。

11．A 從下文的One, two, three.Open your presents！可知，在分發禮物時，“我”提醒每個人開始不要打開禮物。

12．C 根據下文的意思，此處表示大家等待的拆禮物的時刻到來了。

13．A 根據文章上下文可知，他們燦爛的笑容照亮了整個房間。

14．D 聯系上下文，分析四個選項的意思，此處表示“歡樂”。

15．A 此處必須聯系上下文。句意：我知道我重要。

Ⅱ.A

本文是一篇游記，講述了作者和朋友的意大利之行。文章介紹了旅游前的準備工作，如自己取得簽證，還有意大利的住宿條件，突出了自己策劃意大利之游的優點以及感受。

16．A 推理判斷題。根據第二段The trip was not very long but it was still very impressive.We look forward to going there again！并結合第四段的內容以及最后一段中的The only thing I'll say right now is that we really enjoyed travelling by ourselves.可知，意大利之行他們玩得很盡興，給他們留下了深刻的印象，所以想再去意大利，因此選A。

17．B 細節理解題。根據第三段的第一句The most difficult part was getting a visa without an invitation.可知，最難的事情是在沒有邀請函的情況下向意大利大使館申請簽證，因此選B。

A、C和D雖然文中都涉及了，但是都不符合題意。

18．B 段落大意題。根據第四段對旅館周圍環境、交通情況以及該旅館的介紹可知，作者在第四段主要講對旅館滿意的原因。

19．A 細節理解題。文章第一段第二句講述了他們不愿意隨旅行社出游的原因，B項提到了；文章第二、三兩段講述作者怎么去準備他的出行的，所以C項提到了；根據最后一段的We walked with a map and a guide-book to wherever we wanted?可知D項提到了。縱觀全文，作者并沒有提到他首次去意大利旅游的原因。

20．C 推理判斷題。根據文章的主要內容，尤其是第一段及最后一段的Don't be afraid to arrange your trip by yourself.可以推斷出應該選擇C。其余選項沒有依據。

B

這是一篇科普類的文章。文章向我們介紹了一氧化碳的特性以及傷害人的原理及癥狀。

21．B 細節理解題。題干關鍵詞為called the silent killer。由文章第二段的 The gas has no color.It has no taste.It has no smell.It does not cause burning eyes.And it does not cause people to cough.可以看出，一氧化碳無色、無味、不刺激眼睛，也不會讓人咳嗽，也就是說它不容易被人發覺。故選B。

22．D 細節理解題。由第三段的Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.可以看出，一氧化碳傷害人體的方式是：降低血液攜帶氧的能力。

23．A 細節理解題。倒數第二段向我們描述了人體吸入一氧化碳時的反應：吸入少量時，Small amounts of the gas will cause a person's head to hurt.He or she may begin to feel tired.The person may feel sick.The room may appear to be turning around.The person may have trouble thinking clearly.只有A項所說的feel a little dizzy對應The room may appear to be turning around.。

24．C 細節理解題。最后一段講述了不同的人以及不同狀況的人吸入一氧化碳后的反

應，老人等身體健康狀況欠佳的人所受的影響會更大。注意，D項干擾性最大，但是suffer from chest pains只是癥狀之一，而不是唯一的癥狀。

25．D 推理判斷題。縱觀全文可以看出，文章向我們介紹了一氧化碳的特性以及它使人中毒的原理以及中毒后人體的反應。故D項符合。

第四篇：2018高考英語一輪復習構想Unit2Cloning課時作業

Unit 2 Cloning Ⅰ.閱讀理解

A(2017·濰坊4月模擬)Every evening Sylvie left her grandmother's house at 530 to bring their cow home.The old animal spent her days out in the open country eating sweet grass.When the cow heard Sylvie's voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes, unwilling to go home.This evening it had taken Sylvie longer than usual to find her cow.The child hurried the cow through the dark forest, following a narrow path that led to her grandmother's home.“Hello, little girl，” a young man called out cheerfully.“I've been hunting for birds, but I've lost my way.” The young man explained he was a scientist, who searched for birds.“Do you put them in a cage？” Sylvie asked.“No，” he answered, “I shoot them and deal with them with special chemicals to preserve them.”

“I saw a white heron(蒼鷺)not far from here two days ago.It's a very rare bird.Have you seen it, too？” he asked Sylvie.Sylvie's heart began to beat fast.She knew that strange white bird!The young man was staring at Sylvie.“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is.”

Sylvie had a plan that she would get the $ 10 for her grandmother and make the young man happy.Her plan was to climb to the top of a tall pine tree to see where the white heron had hidden its nest.The pine tree seemed to grow taller, the higher that Sylvie climbed.Suddenly a bird with broad white wings flew past Sylvie and landed on a pine branch below her.The white heron sat on its nest in a nearby tree.Sylvie gave a long sigh.She knew the wild bird's secret now.Slowly she began her dangerous trip down the ancient pine tree.About an hour later Sylvie returned.Both her grandmother and the young man stood up as she came into the kitchen.The splendid moment to speak about her secret had come.But Sylvie was silent.She could not tell the heron's secret and give its life away.【解題導語】 本文是一篇記敘文，講述了小女孩Sylvie最終因為她的善良而沒有把白蒼鷺的棲息地告訴年輕的科學家的故事。

1．Where would Sylvie usually meet the cow every evening? A.In the open country.B.Among the forest.C.On a narrow path.D.In the bushes.答案與解析：D 細節理解題。根據關鍵句可知，Sylvie是在灌木叢中遇到這頭奶牛。故D項符合題意。

【關鍵句】When the cow heard Sylvie's voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes, unwilling to go home.(第一段最后一句)譯文：當這頭奶牛聽見Sylvie叫她的聲音時，她就會藏在灌木叢中，不愿意回家。2．What was the young scientist's job according to his introduction? A.Collecting birds.B.Raising birds.C.Observing birds.D.Protecting birds.答案與解析：A 推理判斷題。根據關鍵句可推知，這個年輕的科學家的工作可能是收集各種鳥類標本。故A項符合題意。

【關鍵句】．..I shoot them and deal with them with special chemicals to preserve them.(第三段最后一句)譯文：??我射殺它們，并用特殊的化學藥劑來處理它們，目的是保存它們。3．What had Sylvie planned to do about the white bird? A.Make good friends with it.B.Prevent it from being caught.C.Find its nest but keep it secret.D.Find it for money and the man.答案與解析：D 細節理解題。根據關鍵句可知，因為錢和這個年輕人，Sylvie想找到白蒼鷺。故D項符合題意。

【關鍵句】Sylvie had a plan that she would get the $10 for her grandmother and make the young man happy.(第五段第一句)譯文：Sylvie有了一個計劃，她可以為她的祖母掙10美元并且還能使這個年輕人高興。4．What saved the white bird's life at last? A.Grandmother's sympathy.B.The white bird's beauty.C.Sylvie's kindness.D.The young man's generosity.答案與解析：C 推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段的內容可知，當Sylvie找到白蒼鷺的巢的位置，回到家之后，她決定不把這個秘密告訴這個年輕人，因為她不想白蒼鷺丟掉性命。由此可推知，Sylvie是一個善良的小女孩。故C項符合題意。

【長難句分析】“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is.”(第四段最后一句)分析：本句是一個復合句。who引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the person，在從句中作主語；where引導賓語從句，作動詞showed的賓語。

譯文：“誰帶我去找白蒼鷺，我就給誰10美元。”

B(2017·福建省質量檢查)When students read articles about scientific discovery, they learn what worked.Scientists present the methods that got the best result.They often show only the results that are significant and important.What they won't show are the mistakes or failures that came first.Yet sometimes those mistakes pointed the way to success.It can take a long time and many experiments to achieve scientific success.Robbin, 16, and Annabelle, 15, learned that while working this summer in a biochemistry lab at Stony Brook University in New York.What's more, they learned that failure is not necessarily something to fear.“I like the idea of scientific research，” says Robbin.It's the basis for “every lesson you learn in school and understanding everything you see in life”.This summer, Robbin has been working with Lauren, a chemistry student, who is making new drugs to fight harmful bacteria.At first, the tests made Robbin anxious.She worried that she might be making costly mistakes.But Lauren reassured her that finding out what doesn't work is“just part of the learning process”.With time, the teen got comfortable with the idea that every experiment wouldn't succeed.Annabelle also learned a lot about failure and success.She worked with graduate student Agnieszka Gil.“Sometimes I try something and it takes a while for the experiment to run.” This means that finding out whether Annabelle did something wrong can be a stressful waiting game, because “if you did something wrong you need to do it again”.But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success.In science, figuring out why something failed is what may just put them on the road to success.【解題導語】 在閱讀科學發現的文章時，人們往往對科學成就過度關心，其實科學成就往往是建立在無數次失敗的基礎之上的。Robbin和Annabelle在實驗室里體會到了坦然接受實驗失敗的價值。

5．What impresses students most in articles about scientific discovery? A.Scientists' achievements.B.The reasons for success.C.The cause of mistakes.D.Stressful process of research.答案與解析：A 考查細節理解。根據第一段的第一句“When students read articles about scientific discovery, they learn what worked”以及第二段的第一句“It can take a long time and many experiments to achieve scientific success”可知，學生在閱讀科學發現的文章時，對科學成就的印象最為深刻，故A項正確。

6．What can we learn from the passage? A.Robbin is a graduate student.B.Lauren managed to make new drugs.C.Annabelle learns the value of patience.D.Agnieszka expected instant success.答案與解析：C 考查推理判斷。根據倒數第二段的最后一句“But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success”可知，Annabelle學會了耐心，不期望立即成功；據此可以判斷，Annabelle知道了耐心的價值，故C項正確。

7．What did Robbin and Annabelle have in common in their experiments? A．They did their experiments independently.B．They realized not all experiments would succeed.C．They assisted graduate students to make new drugs.D．They made severe mistakes in the experiments.答案與解析：B 考查細節理解。根據第三段的最后一句“With time, the teen got comfortable with the idea that every experiment wouldn't succeed”可知，Robbin坦然接受了并不是每次實驗都會成功的事實；根據第四段的最后一句“But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success”可知，Annabelle學會了耐心，不期望立即成功；據此可知，Robbin和Annabelle的共同點是她們都意識到了不是每次實驗都會成功，故B項正確。

8．What does the writer intend to tell us? A.The cause of making errors in science.B.The significance of scientific discovery.C.The importance of doing experiments.D.The correct attitudes towards failures.答案與解析：D 考查目的意圖。通讀全文可知，本文的主題句是文章最后一句“In science, figuring out why something failed is what may just put them on the road to success”；由此可知，探索科學世界，失敗是成功之母；據此可以判斷，本文旨在告訴人們對待失敗的正確態度，故D項正確。

Ⅱ.七選五

(2017·河北石家莊考試)

How to Avoid an Internet Addiction

While it may seem like everyone surfs the web these days, there is a fine line between casually checking your social media pages and having a full-blown Internet addiction.If you fear that you may lose interest in other aspects of your life because you prefer to be on the Internet, you may be on your way to an Internet addiction.__1__ Admit you are at risk of an addiction.More and more people in the world are becoming addicted to the Internet.You are not the only one with this problem, and it is becoming more and more common and more and more well-known.__2__ Set aside limited time for computer use.Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week.If you have a laptop, make sure to put it somewhere that you can remember but not somewhere that you see every day.Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.__3__ If you have a desktop PC, try not to go near it or put something over it like a sheet.Call people instead of sending instant messages or texts.If you are free on weekends, call friends and ask them to go outside.This will distract you from the computer.__4__ Use an alarm clock or timer.Before using your computer, decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes.Set the clock or timer and make sure that you get off the computer when the time is up.Alternatively create a shutdown timer on your desktop.__5__ A.Make a small list of what you want to do within that time.B.When the computer is not looking at you, you are less likely to use it.C.This can be programmed to shut down your computer after the set time.D.Luckily, there are ways to avoid living your life in front of the computer.E.This will stop you from using the Internet so often or going on to another page.F.If you have a problem on weekdays, phone your friends or ask for help in person.G.Do not be embarrassed;find others with the same problem and help each other beat it.答案與解析 【文章大意】 網癮會給人們的生活帶來很大的影響，本文就如何避免網癮提出了建議。1．D 上文談到網癮會導致你對生活的其他方面失去興趣，下文的幾條建議則是有關如何避免網癮的，D項對全文起著承上啟下的作用。

2．G 本段的主旨是“Admit you are at risk of an addiction”，再結合本段講述的“越來越多的人有網癮，這是一個普遍現象”可知，選G項“不要覺得不好意思，找到和你一樣有網癮的人，互相幫助去戰勝網癮”。

3．B 根據空前的“Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it”可知，作者建議你不用電腦時，把它合上，故選B項“看不到電腦時，你用它的可能性就小”。

4．F 本段的主題是“給朋友打電話而不是在網上發信息”，上文的“call friends and ask them to go outside”與F項中的“phone your friends or ask for help in person”，還有上文的“on weekends”與F項中的“on weekdays”前后呼應。

5．C 本段的主題是“Use an alarm clock or timer”，作者建議使用鬧鐘或定時器來限制上網的時間，空前的“shutdown timer”與C項中的“shut down your computer after the set time”相對應。

Ⅲ.語法填空

(2017·石家莊模擬考試)Dogs are __1__ very popular pet.Most of them just live with their families.But some dogs have very special jobs __2__(do).A group of dogs __3__(know)as “Therapy Dogs”.These dogs are family pets with special training, __4__ allows them to go into public buildings and comfort people __5__ need.The dogs are trained to be calm and quiet.Loud noises and unfamiliar places don't frighten them.They enjoy spending time with people.Some therapy dogs go into places, such as hospitals and nursing homes.When the dogs visit the patients, the patients are cheered up.They have fun __6__(pet)the dogs and look forward to their visits.The dogs help to brighten their day.Therapy dogs can improve people's health as well.Studies show that when people pet animals, their blood __7__(press)and heart rates go down.They are calmer and __8__(they)mood improves.Other therapy dogs work in schools and libraries.They serve as warm and caring __9__(friend)to children, but they also do __10__(much).In one town in California, therapy dogs have become children's reading buddies.The dogs make a great audience.The children look forward to reading to the dogs, and the dogs love the attention.答案與解析

【文章大意】 本文是一篇說明文，介紹了有著特殊用途的狗——治療犬。它們能給病人帶來心理上的安慰，能成為孩子的朋友。

1．a 考查冠詞。依據本句中的“very popular pet”可知，此處應用不定冠詞，表示泛指。

2．to do 考查固定用法。本句中應用不定式作后置定語，have sth.to do表示“要做某事”。

3．are known 考查時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，本句話缺少謂語動詞，“a group of＋名詞復數”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數，dogs與know是動賓關系，此處描述的是一般情況，因此用一般現在時的被動語態。

4．which 考查定語從句。這是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為“special training”。

5．in 考查介詞。由句意可知，這些治療犬可以到公共場所安撫那些需要幫助的人。in need表示“在困難時，在危難之中”，為固定搭配。

6．petting 考查非謂語動詞。have fun(in)doing sth.表示“做某事有樂趣”。7．pressure 考查名詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應用名詞，blood pressure表示“血壓”。

8．their 考查代詞。修飾名詞mood要用形容詞性物主代詞，故用their。9．friends 考查名詞的數。根據句子的主語They可知，此處用名詞復數。

10．more 考查比較級。句中的but暗示這些狗對孩子來講不僅僅是朋友，它們會做得更多。

第五篇：2012年高考一輪復習課時作業2-7

課時作業(十)

一、選擇題

1．下列大小關系正確的是()

A．0.43<30.4

C．log40.3<0.43<30.4

答案 C

解析 ∵log40.3<0,0<0.43<1,30.4>1，∴選C.2．(2010·浙江卷)已知函數f(x)＝log2(x＋1)，若f(α)＝1，則α＝()

A．0

C．2

答案 B

解析 依題意知log2(α＋1)＝1，則α＋1＝2，故α＝1.ππ3．(2011·廈門一模)log2sin＋log2cos的值為()1212

A．－4

C．－2

答案 C

解析 log2sinππππ1π1＋log2cos＝log2sin＝log2sinlog2＝－2，故選C.12121212264B．4 D．2 B．1 D．3 B．0.43

4．(09·全國Ⅱ)設a＝log3π，b＝log3，c＝log2，則()

A．a＞b＞c

C．b＞a＞c

答案 A

13b22

3＜log22＝1，∴a＞b，又＝(log23)2＞1，c1223B．a＞c＞b D．b＞c＞a 解析 ∵a＝log3π＞log33＝1，b＝log2

∴b＞c，故a＞b＞c，選A.5．設logbN＜logaN＜0，N＞1，且a＋b＝1，則必有()

A．1＜a＜b

C．1＜b＜a

答案 B

解析 0＞logaN＞logbN?logNb＞logNa，∴a＜b＜1

16．0＜a＜1，不等式1的解是()logax

A．x＞aB．a＜x＜1 B．a＜b＜1 D．b＜a＜1

C．x＞1答案 B

解析 易得0＜logax＜1，∴a＜x＜1 7．下列四個數中最大的是()A．(ln 2)2C．2答案 D

解析 0

ln2＝2

D．0＜x＜a

B．ln(ln2)D．ln 2

8．(2011·江南十校聯考)已知實數a，b滿足log＝log，給出五個關系式：①a>b>1，23②0a>1，④0

A．1個C．3個答案 B

解析 當a＝b＝1時，顯然滿足題意．故⑤a＝b有可能成立；當a≠1且b≠1時，根1211lgalgb111111

據loga＝logb得＝，因此lga＝lgb＝(log)lgb.因為log

23111323233

lglg233

lg

0a>1和②0

二、填空題

9．若xlog32＝1，則4x＋4x＝________.－

B．2個 D．4個

答案

11－－

＝log23，所以4x＋4x＝22x＋22x＝22log23＋2－2log23＝9＋＝log329

解析 由已知得x＝82

10．若loga(a2＋1)＜loga2a＜0，則實數a的取值范圍是__________． 解析 ∵a2＋1＞1, loga(a2＋1)＜0，∴0＜a＜1.1

又loga2a＜0，∴2a＞1，∴a21

∴實數a的取值范圍是(，1)

11．若正整數m滿足10m1＜2512＜10m，則m＝__________.(lg2≈0.3010)

－

答案 15

5解析 由10m1＜2512＜10m得

－

m－1＜512lg2＜m∴m－1＜154.12＜m ∴m＝155

12．(09·遼寧)已知函數f(x)滿足：當x≥4時，f(x)＝()x；當x<4時，f(x)＝f(x＋1)．則

2f(2＋log23)＝________.答案

4解析 由于1

211111111()3232－log23＝·2log2＝＝228838324

??log2?4－x?，x≤0

13．(09·山東)定義在R上的函數f(x)滿足f(x)＝?，則f(3)的值為

?f?x－1?－f?x－2?，x>0?

________．

答案 －2

解析 由題知，f(3)＝f(2)－f(1)，f(2)＝f(1)－f(0)，則f(3)＝－f(0)＝－2.三、解答題

14．(2010·遼寧卷改編)設2a＝5b＝m＋2，求m的值．

ab答案

解析 a＝log2 m，b＝log5 m，代入已知，得logm 2＋logm 5＝2，即logm 10＝2，所以m＝10.1－x

15．已知函數f(x)＝－x＋log2.1＋x

1111

(1)求f()＋f(－)＋f)＋f(的值．

***8

(2)若x∈[－a，a](其中a∈(0,1))，試判斷函數f(x)是否存在最大值或最小值？ 答案(1)0

(2)有最小值f(a)＝－a＋log2

1－a1＋a

f(－a)＝a＋log21＋a1－a

1－x

解析(1)得函數的定義域是(－1,1)，1＋x1＋x1－x

又f(－x)＋f(x)＝log2＋log2log21＝0，1－x1＋x∴f(－x)＝－f(x)成立，∴函數f(x)是奇函數，11

∴f(－)＋f(＝0，20072007

f(－

11)＋f(＝0，20082008

1111∴f(－)＋f(－)＋f()＋f()＝0.***8(2)f(x)＝－x＋log2(1－x)－log2(1＋x)，－11∴f′(x)＝－1＋<0，?1－x?ln2?1＋x?ln2有最小值f(a)＝－a＋log2

1－a1＋a，有最大值為f(－a)＝a＋log21＋a1－a

評析 本題可以運用單調函數的定義域來證明函數單調遞減，但相對來說，在許多情況下應用導數證明函數的單調性比運用定義證明函數的單調性，運算量小得多．

11－ax

16．設f(x)＝loga為常數．

2x－1(1)求a的值；

(2)證明f(x)在區間(1，＋∞)內單調遞增；

(3)若對于區間[3,4]上的每一個x的值，不等式f(x)>()x＋m恒成立，求實數m的取值范

2圍．

解析(1)∵f(x)是奇函數，∴f(－x)＝－f(x)，11＋ax11－ax即loglog

2－1－x2x－1

1＋axx－111＋ax1x－1即loglog，∴＝，2－x－121－ax－x－11－ax化簡整理得(a2－1)x2＝0，∴a2－1＝0，a＝±1，經檢驗a＝－1，f(x)是奇函數，∴a＝－1.1x＋1(2)證明 由(1)得f(x)＝log，2x－1設1

x＋1x＋12?x－x?

>0，x1－1x2－1?x1－1??x2－1?x1＋1x2＋1

>，x1－1x2－1

1x1＋11x2＋1

從而logf(x1)

(3)原不等式可化為f(x)－x>m，令φ(x)＝f(x)－)x，則φ(x)>m對于區間[3,4]上的每一個x都成立等價于φ(x)在[3,4]上的最小值大于m.∵φ(x)在[3,4]上為增函數，∴當x＝3時，φ(x)取得最小值，13＋11399log－m<－.23－1288