第一篇：2012考博考試復習注意事項

2012考博考試復習注意事項

春暖花開之時，正值各學校復試階段，相信接到了復試通知的同學們心里都是既激動又忐忑不安，畢竟是臨門一腳，可千萬要踢好。大家都知道復試在錄取中的比重至少是占一半，甚至更多。比如，去年我初試成績沒有很大的優勢，主要依靠復試的良好表現給諸位老師留下了不錯的印象，從而得以錄取。轉眼間一年過去了，在這里我總結一下我的復試經驗，供各位考博同仁參考。

一、復試前的準備：

復試前一定要先做好充分的準備。首先要找已經考上的博士生們咨詢歷年復試情況。

下面結合復試時經常要問的問題，總結出需要提前準備的幾個環節：

1、英語自我介紹

去年我在復試前兩天找人打聽了，得知面試的時候要先用英語做自我介紹，于是前一天晚上寫了一個四五百字的英語底稿，第二天一上陣，開場白做的不錯。我猜很多學校都會有類似的環節，因此有必要提前準備。當然，也不能讓老師覺得你是在背現成的稿子。

2、提前搜集好要報考的導師和系所其他導師的相關信息

包括：導師最新的研究方向，導師寫的主要著作，其他幾位導師的研究方向，一些相關著作（著作都要記下書名）；用專業性比較強的語言總結一下自己考博前后的思想歷程。

可能會問到的相關問題：

1）你為什么要報考這個專業？

2）你為什么要報考某某導師？

3）你讀過什么相關書籍？

特別是對于跨專業的考生來說，第一個問題是必問的。

我是從工科轉科學史的，所以復試開始后沒多久，就有老師問我為什么要換專業。我復試之前看了導師自己寫的一些書，以及他翻譯的薩頓的著作，知道了導師比較欣賞薩頓，而薩頓又比較欣賞達芬奇，于是我在這三者之間努力尋求一個共同點，這或許就是我要從事的專業方向的核心理念。按照我當時的理解，這就是是“人文關懷意識”。復試前我就把換專業前后思想發展歷程理了一下，大概是這樣的：

1）從小因為識字早，看書多，漸漸培養了無窮探索的好奇心和人文關懷意識，喜歡超越當下去考慮一些“與現實無關”的問題，后來因為環保類的科普書看的比較多，這種人文關懷意識凸顯為環境意識，于是高考填報志愿時報了環境工程專業，考研考的也是環境工程。2）讀研及畢業工作的過程中，逐漸意識到了環境工程專業的局限性：工科學者缺乏復雜系統思維的習慣，也缺乏人文關懷意識，環境工程和環境倫理脫節。

3）后來想換專業，就讀了很多書，也接觸了科學史和科學傳播這類學科，意識到自己的人文關懷情懷可以進一步升華到“科學與人文”這個領域去，在科學技術與人文之間架設橋梁。

總之，一定要用清晰的，前后連貫的語言闡述出這兩方面的信息：一方面是對于要報考的專業和導師的研究方向有清晰的了解和理解，一方面是對自身興趣和特長有清晰的了解和理解，這兩方面用學術性較強的語言組織成一個邏輯一致的體系，它有兩重作用：

1）讓導師們知道你有清晰而強烈的學術興趣和動機，而不只是為了將來有穩定工作，能進高校而考博。

2）同時你借助這個自我陳述的過程，表現出對自身，對各種“大問題”的洞察力，以及思維和語言的組織和表達能力，而這些都體現了一個人從事學術研究的潛力。這對于人文類考生尤其重要。

3、將來的研究計劃

有些學校和專業比較看重這個，必須先準備好書面材料；有些則只是在復試時簡要的問一句。不管如何，多少也是要準備一下的。

4、最好寫一份自己的簡歷，簡單扼要的寫上自己的各方面信息，以及自己考博的動機，打印上十來份，進了考場后分發給諸位老師。

5、復試時可能會問一些專業上的基本概念，來考察考生基礎是否扎實，所以復試前最好把本專業幾個最基本的概念的精確含義溫習一下。

二、面試的要點

復試成績是考場上的幾位導師集體打分的，錄取的決定權不只是掌握在你要報考的導師手里，因此別的導師，特別是在報考系所里比較重的導師，也要盡量給他們留下好印象，面試最好適時的表現出對于他們的研究方向的了解和興趣。比如，雖然我考博的方向并不是復雜性科學，但是之前有一段時間對復雜性科學很感興趣，而另外兩位教授都曾經對復雜性科學做過不少研究，他們的書我也看過一些，于是我不失時機的提了幾本他們寫的書，并簡單闡述了一下我對復雜性科學前沿的了解，然后話鋒一轉，又談了復雜性科學和我讀博想從事的專業方向的內在聯系。看的出他們對我印象都不錯。

話說到最后，最根本的一點，還是希望大家是出于學術興趣而考博，不要只是為了將來有穩定工作，能進高校這樣的外在目的而考博，特別是對于文科類的人。如果不是為了學術興趣而考博，一則復試的時候逃不過導師的火眼金睛，二則即使錄取了，讀博的清苦日子估計也不好受。

第二篇：考博英語怎么復習

考博英語具體怎么復習啊

考博英語的復習，首先，選擇一個合適的輔導班比什么都來得重要。然后，建議一定要舍得花時間打基礎。前幾個月不要做題，重點就放在詞匯與閱讀上。其次，建議學習一定要保證可持續。英語關鍵是閱讀理解。真題部分是非常重要的。您可以去52考博上看下相關的資訊。

考博競爭日益激烈，英語成績的高低往往具有“決定”意思，因為專業課很難拉開分數。那么考博英語到底如何復習準備呢？

1.題型

由于考博英語試題由各招生企業自己獨立命題，所以不一樣院校的考博英語試題題型風格不盡相同。就題型而言，一般都含有詞匯結構、完形填空、閱讀理解、漢英互譯、作文題。不少院校初試不再考聽力，而在復試通過口語形式考查。但有些院校仍在初試考查聽力，甚至很重視聽力分數。有些學校還有改錯題，應用文，甚至其他題型。少數院校不考作文，但翻譯比較長。不少院校主觀題的分數所占比重都較高，占1/3甚至1/2比重。

2.難度

考博英語重視考查翻譯、寫作等與攻讀博士學位相關的應用能力，所以其難度不能簡單與其他考試比較。但一般來說，考博英語試題的難度約非常于大學英語六級，但少數院校比六級難，有些院校甚至只非常于四級水平，甚至同一院校不一樣年份的難易程度也迥異。這是由于考博英語試題的命制沒有其他英語水平考試、選拔考試規范，往往因出題人不一樣而有區別。所以，報考相應院校的學員一定要看一看該院校近年的考博英語真題。

3.詞匯

保守估計，考博英語需要掌握7000~8000單詞，900常用動詞短語。當然，一般掌握了六級及碩士研究生入學考試的詞匯，通過考博英語也沒有多大問題，只是詞匯題可能失去少數分數。長期注意和研究考博英語試題，反對有些所謂考博英語詞匯書所講的考博需要掌握1萬甚至1萬以上詞匯的觀點。事實上，背誦那么多詞匯是沒有多大意思的，考博英語考查的重點不是學員掌握了多少詞匯，而如上文所述，是閱讀、翻譯、寫作能力。所以，詞匯夠用即可，建議復習自己當年很熟悉的考研詞匯、六級詞匯，然后略加拓展，如可看看公共英語等級考試五級詞匯、新托福詞匯、部分GRE詞匯。有些院校公布了詞匯表或參考詞匯表，但現實出題人并不怎么按大綱出題。英語說到底還是個水平問題。

4.語法

大部分院校考博英語試題都不直接考查語法，但語法有必要全面復習一下。這也不怎么花費時間。5.閱讀

可以做一做對應院校的考題，也可做一做考研閱讀真題、大學英語六級真題，有些院校考博英語試題選自考研真題原題、六級真題原題。

6.翻譯

英譯漢相對來說比較好做，但不好得分。相反，漢譯英雖然看起來難，但往往容易得分。所以應該多準備。

7.作文

一般都是命題作文，即給定題目寫一篇200~250詞的議論文。作文應當認真準備。這是容易得分也容易失分的項目

考博題目由于各院校自主命題，所以對英語水平的要求不大一致。最基本應當具備六級詞匯及六級英語考試水平，在高這需要具備考研英語水平，最高者可達GRE英語考試水平。所以，根據不同院校的英語真題情況，首先拿下詞匯是考博英語成功的最基本前提。另外，可以的話，拿近年真題進行系度分析與研究。具體而言，閱讀中除了做對題以外，還進行文章的詳細分析與中文翻譯，會很大程度上提高考博英語成功的機率。睿普教育-專注考博英語，祝你好運

一，你要知道你想考那所學校，每個學校的難度不一樣，比較難的院校詞匯量會超過一萬，簡單的院校詞匯量甚至只有四千。

二，要了解你想要報考院校的題型，這樣才能針對性的準備。

三，真題是核心，歷年真題都是考試的一個導向。四，如果有毅力，覺得自己自學能力和自制力較強，就自學。

五，如果覺得自己學的迷惘沒起色，英語很大的心病可以借助輔導班。六，別看廣告，包括我的廣告，相中哪個機構就去試聽一下，報名老師輔導最好，最適合你的班級，畢竟有很多不懂考博渾水摸魚的機構。薦睿普教育，睿普考博英語，睿普考博網.他們是專門做考博英語的輔導機構，很多近十年沒碰過英語的人在那里學習都能過線，可見師資力量多強。

看你報考什么專業的了，考博英語由全國統考的，也有學校自主命題的，詞匯量有的學校要求比較多一些，從真題考查可以看出，但一般和六級差不多，可能多一些專業詞匯。

考試一般真題都是重點，找一下你報考院校的真題，看看難度，之后多背單詞，多做題，增加閱讀答題速度。推薦給你星火英語的全國重點院校考博英語真題詳解，這書收錄的真題多，答案也很詳細，還送了考博基礎詞匯i3600，希望能對你考博有幫助

如果能搞到歷年考博英語的試題，那就買來做；如果不能的話，那就比照六級復習吧，考博英語不會比六級難的。

首先，你要先確定你考哪個高校或者科研院所。考什么專業吧！（意見如果你能力很強，英語很強，你可以考多個院校！最好只考一個，最多別超過兩個當然牛人除外！）

其次，確定學校后，聯系導師，找到那個學校的英語真題，沒真題，就問問都考什么題型，各個題型難度是什么樣？喜歡從哪些庫里出題？（例如有些學校很愛從托福什么的里面抽題來考）你要了解清楚。

最后，知道難度是什么了？你就有的放矢了吧！單詞量不夠被單詞，最好是看著真題背單詞，把不會的挑出來，記憶！考博和考研的英語復習思路差不多。

我想說的是有些學校的考博英語比六級難！

第三篇：考博自薦信的寫作要點及注意事項

以質量而非數量取勝

1.找出一些你想跟著學習的教授。

2.弄清楚這些教授里面誰最有可能是招生顧問。3.讓他們相信你是一個有價值的候選人。

要真誠一些

你寫這封郵件的目的是表明自己渴望與該教授一起做研究。千萬不要忘記這一點。大多數教授會積極地更新他們的網頁以展示他們的最新研究。如果不是這樣的話，意味著： 他們對接收學生不感興趣；或者

他們沒有做任何研究；或者他們找別人過濾掉一些郵件

除了教授們的個人主頁，看看他們團隊的博客或讀一讀至少一篇他們最近的出版物。

如果你做了以上這些事后，發現自己并不亢奮，也沒任何有意思的問題想問問該教授的話，說明該教授可能并不適合你。

表現出對研究的興趣

—嘗試至少提出一個有關教授研究工作的有趣發現或者問題。—對他們的研究提出拓展或者實用性建議。—與自己所做的事情直接聯系起來

清楚準確的表達

教授們都是大忙人。你的表達需要清楚而又準確。注意拼寫和語法的正確性。把你想表達的內容用簡單、直白的語句劃分成幾個小段。（這也是寫各種類型的郵件通用的技巧）

明確你寫郵件的目的

即展示你作為研究者的潛力！因此，郵件內容不應該包括： —GRE分數 —GPA —班級排名

—關于你能否被錄取的問題

這些問題和你的科研能力毫不相關。實際上，反而會顯得你可能難以適應完全不同的研究學院。像這樣的郵件并不適合討論你的錄取可能性；對收件人來說，基于一封郵件就來評估你被錄取的可能性是不負責的行為。你的要求會直接導致收件人生氣！不用我們告訴你在申請前期惹怒招生顧問的影響了吧。

郵件的長度

郵件的內容大約布滿電腦屏幕。

如果有必要的話郵件內容可以再多一些，后續內容主要是探討技術深度。

證明你自己

聲稱自己具有創造力，團隊精神等等是沒用的。你需要展示出來！證明自己！奉承

你在費力的給教授寫信。不要讓教授對你夸獎他們才華的話感到無聊。

具體化

“你的研究與我的興趣很相關。”這段話需要具體化。大多數教授的“研究”涵蓋了不同的領域和子領域—如果你像上面這句話一樣寫得很概括的話，教授會不知道你到底在說什么！

慎重地選擇

頂尖的部門只錄取申請者中的極少部分人。

每年只會放寬錄取幾位沒有本院教授推薦信的學生。

后續

如果你得到了回信，需要回復表示感謝。事實上，大多教授都很忙，并不想多花精力與潛在的申請者進行郵件交流。

基本原則是：除非你有新的內容需要寫在郵件中，否則不要只回復一個簡短的謝謝。

拜師信應該具有下面的內容：

第一，要對我的專業有一定的了解并有強烈的興趣。作為弟子，這意味著在將來的一段時間里，你要和我一起工作，一起學習，如果你對將來的方向的方向一無所知，很難想象你會有興趣，也很難預測你可以做好工作。如果你想跟我讀碩士學位，你至少應該知道我開過那幾門課，瀏覽過我教過的教材。如果你要跟我讀博士學位，我會希望你研念過我的幾篇論文，請教我文章中的問題，談談自己的看法，甚至和我商榷文章中的觀點。你在信中應該闡述你對我專業的理解，告訴我你為什么會感興趣。

第二，你要詳細介紹你自己。除了簡歷，你應該分析你從事我專業研究的優勢和劣勢。例如，我們專業的知識橫跨數學、經濟、金融、計算機等領域，對英語的要求也很高。我并不指望你樣樣拿手，但請你顯示你哪些方面拿手。你還應該安排你的計劃，如何盡快彌補你的缺陷。此外，我還希望你能讓我感到你不只是簡歷格式刻板出來的符號，而是個活生生的有喜怒哀樂有特點的人，從而可以讓我感受想象我們以后合作的可能性。

第三，信中應表達出你的專注和用心，用詞實事求是。這是搞科研的基本素質。

我的回信不會給你打包票，但我會給你鼓勵和建議。畢竟研究生錄取還需要經過考試、復試、綜評、擬錄等環節，我沒有權力一舉定乾坤。很多同學希望討個定心丸，那我會讓你失望的。但如果你的信打動了我，我會考慮見個面進一步深談。

總而言之，你要下功夫。千篇一律的拜師信很難會有好的回應。從你寫拜師信的認真程度，可以窺出你的工作態度。

申請國外研究生通常也要求寫一篇statement。除了英語的要求，內容應該和我所說的拜師信相仿。

拜師就從認真寫好拜師信開始吧！

第四篇：考博英語詞匯復習之基礎部分

考博英語詞匯復習之基礎部分

（一）來源：考試大 【學而優則進，考試大以成！】 2010年6月10日 A

a/an ability able about above absent accept accident ache achieve across act action active activity actor actress actual add address admire admit adverb advice advise aeroplane airplane affair afraid Africa African after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreeable agreement agricultural ahead* aid aim air aircraft airport alike alive all allow almost alone* along aloud already also although altogether always amend America American among(st)amuse amusement ancient and anger angry animal announce another* answer ant anxious any anybody anyhow anyone anybody anything anyway anywhere apartment apologize appear appearance apple appoint appointment approve April Arabian area argue argument army around arrange arrival arrive art artist as* ashamed Asia Asian ask* asleep assist at atom August aunt Australia Australian author autumn avoid away awfully B baby back* backward bad badly bag ball* banana banner barely basic basketball bathroom battle be beard beautiful beauty because become bedroom bee beef beer before beg begin beginner beginning behind believe bell below beneath beside besides best* better between beyond bicycle big bike bird birth bit black blackboard blind* blood blue boat body bomb bone book boot born borrow bottle box boy brain brave bread break* breakfast breathe bridge bright bring Britain British broken brother brown build building burn* bury bus busy but* buy by C cake calm camel camera camp can* Canada Canadian cancer cap car careful carry* cat celebrate center central century certain certainly chair chairman change cheap chemical chemist chemistry chicken chiefly child chimney China Chinese choice choose Christmas cinema city classmate classroom clean clear* clever climate climb clock* cloth clothe clothes clothing cloud cloudy club coal coast coat cock coffee cold collect college color bomb come* comfort comfortable command communism compete complete computer comrade concert conclude congratulation connect consider continue control* conversation cool copper corn corner correct cost* cotton cough could country countryside courage court cover* cow crazy create crime criminal crisis crop crowd cruel cry cucumber culture cup cure customer cut* D dad daily damage dance danger* dangerous dark darling daughter dawn day daylight daytime dead deaf dear death debate December decent decide decision declare deep deepen deeply deer defeat defend defense degree demand department depend dependence dependent depth desire desk despair destroy dialog diamond diary dictionary diet differ difference different difficult difficulty dig diligent dinner direction directly director dirty disagree disappear disappoint disaster discover discovery discuss disease dish dislike dismiss distance distant* district disturb dive divide do* doctor dog* dollar donkey door* double* doubtful down downstairs downtown downward dozen drag dragon drama dream dress* drink drive driver drop* drum drunk dry duck dull during dusk dust dying E each* eager eagle ear early earn earth earthquake easily east eastern eastward easy eat editor(編輯)educate education egg eight eighteen eighth eighty either elder eldest elect elephant eleven eleventh else* elsewhere emperor empire empty enable encourage end* endanger ending enemy energy England English enjoy enough enter entire envelope equal error especially essay Europe European evening ever every everybody everyday everyone everything everywhere exact exactly exam*examination examine example excellent excite excitement exciting excuse exercise exhibit exhibition exist expect expensive experience experiment expert explain export expression extra extreme eye eyesight F face* factory fail failure fair fairly fall* false* familiar family famous far* farewell(再見)fax fear fearful February feed* feel* feeling fellow fellowship female festival fever few fifteen fifth fifty fight finally find* fine* finger finish fire* first fish fist fit five fix fixed flag flame flavor flood floor flow flower fluent fly fog fold follow* following fond food fool foolish foot football for forbid force* foreigner forest forever forget forgive form forth forty forward* four fourteen fox France free* freedom French fresh Friday friend friendly friendship frog from front frozen fruit full fun fund funny furniture further future G gain game garage garden gas gate gather general gentle gentleman gently German Germany get* giant girl glad glass global glory glow go* goat god gold golden golf good* goodbye goodnight goods gradual graduate grain grammar grammatical grand grandmother grasp grass gray great Greek green greet greeting ground group grow grown-up growth guard guess guest guide guilt guilty gun H habit hair haircut half hall hammer(錘子)hand* handle handsome handwriting happen happiness happy hard harden hardly* hardship harm harmful hat hate have* he head* headache health healthy hear hearing heart* heat heaven heavily heavy hello help* helpful hen her here* hero hers herself hesitate hi/hey hide* high highly hill him himself hire his history hit* hold* hole holiday home* homework honest honesty honey honor hope hopeful horse hospital host hot hotel hour house housewife how however huge human humorous hundred hunger* hungry hunt hurry* hurt husband I I ice ice-cream idea ideal idiom idle if ill illness imagination imaginative imagine importance important impossible impression improper improve improvement in inch include income increase increasingly indeed independent India Indian indoor indoors industrial industry influence information injure injury ink inland inner inside insist inspect instance instant instead interest interesting international interpreter into introduce introduction invention invite inward island it Italian J jacket jail January Japan Japanese jaw jazz jewel job jog join joke journey joy judge judgment July jump June K kick kid kill kind kindness king kingdom kiss kitchen knee kneel knife know knowledge L lady lake lamp land language large largely late later Latin laugh laughter law lawyer lazy lead* leadership leading leaf learn learning least leather lecture left leg less* lesson letter liberate liberty library life lifetime* lightly like likely likeness limit limited line* lion lip liquid list listen live* living living-room loan locate lock lonely long* look* loose loosely lose lot love lovely lover low luck lucky luggage lunch lung M machine madam main mainland mainly make* man management manager mankind manner many* map market marriage married marry master match mathematical mathematics may maybe me meal meantime meanwhile measurable measure meat medical meet meeting member membership memory mend message metal method middle might mile milk milky million mine ministry minute* miss missing mist mistake mister misunderstand model modern modernization modest modesty Monday monkey month monthly mood moon moral morning most* mostly mother mountain mouth movement movie MR Mrs.Ms.much muscle museum music musician must ]my N name narrow nation naught near nearby nearly necessary neck need needle Negro neighbor neighborhood neither* never new news newspaper next nice night nine ninety ninth no nobody noise noisy none nonetheless nonsense noon nor north northeast northern northward northwest nose not notebook nothing noun novel November now* nowadays nowhere numb number nurse O obey ocean o'clock October of off* offer office officer official often oh oil okay old on one* oneself* only onto onward open opening opinion or orange order* ordinary origin(起源，由來；出身，來歷)original other* otherwise ought ounce our ours ourselves out* outdoor outdoors outer outermost outside outstanding outward over overcoat overhead overseas own* owner P page painful paint painter painting pair palace panda paper pardon parent park part* partly party pass* passenger past payment peace peaceful peanut peasant pen pencil penny people per percent perhaps period permit personal petrol phone photo/photograph phrase physical physically physicist physics piano picture piece pig pilot pioneer pity place* plain plan plane* play* player playground pleasant please pleasure plus PM/P.M./p.m.pocket poem poet poetry point* poison poisonous police policeman policy polite political politician politics pollute pollution poor population port possible possibly post postcard postman potato pound pour poverty powerful prefer prepare president pretend pretty prevent price priceless pride prince princess print prison prisoner privacy private prize probability probable problem produce product production professor profit progress promise pronoun pronunciation protect protest proud prove public publish pull* punish punishment pure purpose* purse pursue push put* Q quality quarrel quarterly(每季的；每季一次；季刊）queen question quick quiet quite quiz R race radio railroad/railway rain rapid rare rat read reader reading ready real reality realize really receive recent recite recognition recognize recorder recover red reduce reform region regret regular relationship relative relativity relax religion religious rely remain remember repair repeat reply report reporter republic republican research respect* respond response responsible rest restaurant result* return review revolution* revolutionary rice rich ride right risk river road* rob robber rocket role room rope rose rough round* rubber rubbish rude rule ruler run* Russian S sad safe* safety sail sailor salad salary sale salesman same sand satellite satisfaction satisfactory satisfy Saturday save scarcely scare science scientific scientist scold scream sea seaman seaport search seaside season seat second secondary second-hand secondly secret security see* seem seldom self selfish sell send* separate September serious servant seven several sew sex shake shall shame shameful share she sheep sheet shelf shine ship shipwreck(船舶失事,海難)shirt shock shoe shoot shop shopkeeper shopping shore short* shortage shortcoming shortly should shoulder shout shut shy signal significance significant silence silent silk similar simple simply since sing single sink* sister sitting-room situation six size skate ski skill skilled skillful skin skirt sky slave slavery sleep slow small smell smile smoke smooth shake snow so* soap sob social socialism society sock soft soldier solid solve some somebody somehow someone something sometime sometimes somewhat somewhere son song soon* sorrow sorrowful sorry sort soul soup south southeast southern southward southwest Soviet speak speaker special speech speed spell spelling spend spirit spiritual splendid sport sportsman spread spy standard star stare start state statement stay steady steal steam steamer（汽船，輪船)steel step stocking(長統襪)stomach stone stool stop store storm story straight strange stranger street strength strengthen strict strong struggle student study stupid style suburb subway success successful sugar suggest suggestion summer sun Sunday sunrise sunset sunshine supermarket supper support suppose sure surface surprise surprising surround swear sweet swim sword symbol system T tail tailor take* tale（故事，傳說)talk* tall target task taste tax taxi tea teach teacher teaching team teenager telegram telegraph telephone television ten tennis tent terrible test text textbook than that* the theater their theirs them themselves then theory there therefore these they thick thief thin thing third thirdly thirsty thirteen thirty this those thousand three through Thursday thus tiger till time* timetable tiny tired to tobacco today toe together tomato tomb tomorrow ton tonight too tool topic total touch* tough tour tourism tourist towards town toy train training traitor translate translation travel treat tree tremble trolley/trolly([英]無軌電車，[美]有軌電車)trouble trousers truck true Tuesday tunnel twelfth twelve twentieth twice two type typewriter typist(打字員)U ugly umbrella unable uncertain uncertainty uncle uncover under undergraduate understand understanding unhappy unite university unjust unkind unknown unless unlike unlikely unlimited unlock unsatisfactory until unusual unwilling upon upstairs upward us usage use* used useful usual usually V vacation valley valuable various vegetable verb very victory viewpoint village violin visible visit visitor vocabulary volleyball voyage(航海，航程)W waist wait waiter waitress wake waken walk wall wallet want war warm* warn warning wash waste wasteful watch watchful water wax we weak wealth wealthy weapon wear* weather wedding Wednesday weed week weekday weekend weekly weep weigh weight welcome well* well-known west western westward set what whatever wheat wheel when whenever where wherever which whichever whisky(威士忌酒)whisper whistle white who whoever whole whom whose why wide widow(寡婦)wife wild will willing win wind window wine winter wireless wisdom wise wish with within without wolf woman wonderful wood wool woolen word worker world worry worse worst would wound wrap wrist write writer writing wrong Y year yellow yes yesterday yet* young your yours yourself youth youthful Z zero zoo 二．核心詞匯1800 在剩余的3500個詞匯中，并非每一個都是同等重要的，其中有一半（約1800個）詞匯在考研21年真題中重復出現，這1800個單詞就是考研的核心高頻難詞，是考研的重點、考點和難點。而其余的另一半（約1700個），在考研歷年真題中還沒有出現過，重要性次之。復習建議：1800每天100個（把不認識的單詞找出來重點記憶和復習），18天過一輪，36天就過了兩輪，你就可以記住其中的絕大部分詞匯了。掌握了這1800個核心詞匯（還包含高中2000個基礎詞匯），就可以開始大范圍做考研真題，你會發現在真題中，97%左右的詞匯你都認識了。A-C A abide 遵循（…by）；容忍 The one thing she cannot abide is lying.abnormal 反常的 abnormal behavior abolish 徹底廢除（法律、制度、習俗等）abolish old custom abrupt 突然的，意外的 an abrupt departure absolute 純粹的，完全的 have absolute trust in sb.absorb 吸收，吸進 A sponge absorbs water.abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.absurd 荒謬的，荒唐的 The idea that number 13 brings bad luck is absurd.abuse 濫用 abuse one's authority(office)aaccelerate 加速，增速 accelerate one’s steps access 接近（或進入）的機會 have regular and immediate access to the President accommodate 使適應，使符合一致 accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴，伴隨 She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.accomplish 達到（目的），完成（任務），實現（計劃，諾言等）accomplish one's purpose accord 使符合，相一致(with)His violent action doesn't accord with his peaceful words.account 記述，敘述 give a brief account of what has happened accumulate 積累，積攢，積聚 accumulate wisdom accurate 準確的，精確的 an accurate estimate accuse 指控，指責 They accused her publicly of stealing their books.accustom 使習慣于 accustom oneself to rising(to rise)early acquaint 使認識，使了解 activate 使活動起來，使開始起作用，啟動 They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed.acute 尖銳的，敏銳的 an acute thinker adapt（使）適應 adapt oneself to new conditions address 演說 a television address adhere 黏附，附著 Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another.adjacent 臨近的，毗鄰的(to)a city and its adjacent suburbs adjoin 貼近，與...毗鄰 His house adjoins the lake.administrate 掌管，料理...的事務 In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the wife.adolescent（尤指16歲以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescents advance 使向前移動 advance a chessman advantage 有利條件，優點 Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term.adverse 不友好的，敵對的 She felt adverse to her husband's friends.advocate 擁護，提倡，主張 advocate self-defence aesthetic 美學的，藝術的，審美 an aesthetic theory affliliate 使隸屬（或附屬）于，使成為會員 a government affiliated company affirm 斷言，申明 affirm the truth of a statement aggravate 加重，加劇，惡化 aggravate the declining economy aggressive 侵犯的，侵略的 an aggressive weapon agitate 攪動（液體等）The machine agitated the mixture.alarm 驚恐，憂慮 The bandits scattered in alarm.alert 警惕的，留神的 In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.alien 外國的 adjust to an alien culture allege 斷言，宣稱 The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt.allocate 分配，分派，把...撥給 allocate funds for new projects allied 結盟的，有關聯的 allied nations allow 允給，準許，允許 He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit.allowance 津貼，補貼，零用錢 a housing allowance alter 改變，更改 alter an attitude alternate 交替，輪流 Night and day alternate.amateur（藝術，科學等的）業余愛好者 an amateur golfer amaze 使驚愕，使驚異 I am amazed that he should get the post.ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱兩可的 an ambiguous answer ambition（對名利等的）強烈欲望，野心 His political ambitions still burn.amend 修改，修訂 amend the spelling in sb.'s paper amuse 逗樂，逗笑，給...提供娛樂（或消遣）The clown at the circus amused the children.anchor 錨 The anchor catches(drags).announce 宣布，聲稱 It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.annoy 使惱怒，使生氣 She was annoyed at(with)his lightheard attitude.annual 每年的，的 the annual output of steel anonymous 匿名的，無名的 an anonymous letter(phone call)answer 回答，響應 Henry took ages to answer the door.anticipate 預期，預料 The directors anticipated a fall in demand(that demand would fall).anxious 焦慮的，發愁的(about, at)They become anxious at her delay.apart 成零碎 Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent 顯然的，明明白白的 It was apparent that they all understood.appeal 呼吁，懇求 I appealed to the children to make less noise.applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好 The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.apply 涂，敷 He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint 任命，委派 They appointed his father(to be 或as)postmaster.appraise 估量，估計 appraise the infant's weight appreciate 感激 I appreciated your help much.apprehend 對...擔心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty? approach 靠近，接近John is approaching manhood.appropriate 恰當的，相稱的 Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.approve 贊成，同意 I couldn't approve his conduct.approximate 大概的，大約的，近似的 The approximate time is 10 o'clock.apt（習性）易于......的，有......傾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes.arbitrary 隨心所欲的，個人武斷的，任意的 an arbitrary choice arise 起立，起身 arise from one's seat arouse 使......奮發 A man like Tom will be aroused.Don’t worry.array 排列，隊形 The troops were formed in battle array.articulate 發音清晰的，善于表達的 He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.artificial 人工的，人造的，人為的 artificial price controls ascend 登高，（漸漸）上升，升高 The airplane ascended into the cloud.ascertain 查明，弄清，確定 I ascertained that he was dead.ashamed 慚愧的，羞恥的 I am ashamed for being so stupid.ashore 向岸，向陸地 He swam ashore.aside 在旁邊 We stood aside to let her pass.assault 攻擊，襲擊 We made an assault on the enemy fort.assemble 集合，召集 assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.assert 肯定地說（出），堅定地斷言 He asserted his innocence.assess 估價，評價，評論 assess the present state of the economy assign 分配，布置（作業）The teacher assigned(us)a new lesson.assimilate 吸收，消化 He is quick to assimilate new ideas.associate（使）聯系，（使）結合 We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.assume 假定，假設 Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming(that)the weather si favarable.assure 深信不疑地對......說，向......保證 assurance 保證，把握，信心 He gave me his assurance that he would help.astonish 使驚訝 I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach 系，貼，連接 attach a label to a suitcase attain 達到，獲得 attain one’s goal attend 出席，參加（會議等）attend a wedding attendance 出席，參加，出席人數，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today.attentive 注意的，專心的 an attentive audience attribute 把歸因于，把......（過錯的責任等）歸于(to)He attributed his success to hard work.auxiliary 輔助的 an auxiliary rocket avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us? average平均數，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.avert 擋開，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.awake 醒，覺醒 awake from sleep award 授予（獎品等）The university awarded him an honorary degree.B ban（以官方明令）禁止，取締 He was banned from entering the city.bang（突發的）sudden loud bang bar 條，塊，桿，棒 a bar of gold bare 赤裸的，光禿的，空無內容的 walk in bare feet beforehand 預先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.behave 舉止端正，聽話 Do behave.bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂 I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.bias 偏見，偏心 have a bias against sb.(或sth.)blame 責備，責怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.blast 一陣（風），一股（氣流）a blast of wind blaze 火焰 The fire sprang into a blaze.blunt 鈍的 The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.blush（因害羞、激動、窘困）臉紅 blush with(或for)joy boast 自吹自擂，自夸的話 He is full of boasts.bolt 螺栓，（門，窗的）插銷 a small bag of nuts and bolts boom 低沉有回響的聲音 The great bell tolled with a deep boom.border 邊界，邊境，邊沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand bore 鉆孔，挖（通道）bore through a wall bounce 彈起，反彈 The ball doesn’t bounce well.bound 跳躍，彈回 She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.boycott（聯合起來）抑制，拒絕參加 boycott uncooperative manufactures brace 托架，支架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.breed（使）繁殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe 賄賂 accept(或take)a bribe from sb.brief 短暫的，簡短的，簡潔的 a brief holiday brisk 輕快的，生氣勃勃的 a brisk pace brittle 易碎的，一碰就破的 brittle glass brush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brush bump 碰，撞(against, into)The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.burst 爆炸，爆裂 The boiler burst.C calculate 計算，推算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicago call 喊，叫 Please call the names of all the people who are present.cancel 取消，廢除，刪去 cancel a trip capture 俘虜，捕獲 capture butterflies case 事例，事實，事情 This is a case of poor judgment.cast 投，扔，拋，撒，擲 cast doubt(s)on the feasibility of a scheme casual 偶然的，無計劃的，隨便的，非正式的 a casual meeting cease 停止，終止，結束 The music ceased suddenly.certify 證明，證實 The accounts were certified(as)correct.challenge 向...挑戰 Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.character（事物的）性質，特質 The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without character.charge 要（價），收（費）The airlines charge half price for students.charm 魅力，魔力 This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.chase 追逐，追求 The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.check 使突然停止，制止 check one’s steps cherish 珍愛，珍視 cherish one’s native land chew 嚼，咀嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat.choke 窒息，噎住 be choked by smoke chorus 合唱隊 chronic（疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的 chronic indigestion clarity 澄清，闡明 clarify an issue cling 粘著 The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boy cluster（果實，花等的）串，束，簇;(人或物)的群，組 a cluster of tourists clutch 緊抓，緊握 clutch at an opportunity coherent 一致的，協調的 lack coherent political goals coin 硬幣，錢幣，金屬貨幣 a silver coin coincide 相符，相一致 100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.collaborate（尤指在文藝、科學等方面）合作，協作 He and I collaborated in writing plays.collapse 倒坍，崩潰，瓦解 The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.collide 碰撞，互撞 The car collided with the truck.come 來，來到 Will you come to the dance tonight? commemorate 紀念，慶祝 commemorate a holiday commend 表揚，稱贊 commend a soldier for bravery compact 緊密的，堅實的 a compact piece of luggage compare 比較，對照(with, to)compare the body to a finely tuned machine compatible 能和睦相處的，合的來的 You should choose a roommate more compatible to your tastes.compile 匯編，編制 compile an anthology of poems comply 遵從，順從，服從 comply with rules(safety regulations)compose 組成，構成 England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.compress 壓縮 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences comprise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three docks.compromise 妥協，折衷 compromise over the hard-fought next.compulsory 必須做的，義務的 a compulsory subject conceal 隱藏，隱瞞，隱蔽 He concealed his disappointment from his friends.conceive 構想出，設想 conceive an idea concentrate 集中，專心 concentrate one’s attention condemn 譴責 We all condemn cruelty to children.condense（使）壓縮，（使）凝結，使簡潔 condense a speech to half confer 商談，商議 confer with sb.Over(on, about, concerning)sth.confess 坦白，供認，承認，懺悔 confess one’s crime confidence 信任 break sb.’s confidence confine 限制，使局限 They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.confirm 證實，肯定 confirm a rumour conflict（尤指長期的）戰爭，戰斗 The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.conform 遵照，適應 confirm to(或with)the rules(the law)confront（使）面臨，（使）遭遇 The war confronted him with hardships.confuse 使混亂，混淆 He confused the arrangements by arriving late.connect 連接，連接 The bridge connects the island with(或to)the mainland.conscious 意識到的，自覺地 They were conscious that he disapproved.consent 同意，贊同，準許 The people will never consent to another war.conserve 保護，保藏，保存 conserve natural resources consider 考慮，細想 Consider carefully before doing anything.consist 組成，構成(of)The house consists of six rooms.consolidate 鞏固，加強 consolidate one’s position conspicuous 顯眼的，明顯的，引人矚目的 He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage.constant 經常的，不斷的 a constant noise constitute 組成，構成 constitute a threat to sb.consult 請教，與......商量 consult a doctor about one’s illness consume 消費,花費: consume much of one’s time in reading contact 接觸,聯系,交往: be in contact with sb contain 包括,容納, a list containing twelve items contaminate弄臟,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the air contempt輕視,輕蔑:show a contempt for sb contest競賽,比賽,競爭:the contest between the two powers for the control of the region contract合同,契約:enter into(make)a contact with contradict反駁,同….相矛盾,同….相抵觸:The facts contradict his theory contrary相反的,對抗的:take the contrary view contrast對照,對比,(對比之下顯出的)差異:the contrast between the two forms of government contribute捐(款等),捐獻:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every payday contrive設計,想出:contrive a new method controversy(尤之以文字形式進行的爭論),辨證:a point of controversy convention(正式)會議,(定期)大會:draft a new constitution at a convention convert轉變,轉化:convert coal to(into)pipeline gas convey運送,輸送,傳送:a wire conveys an electric current convict(經審訊)證明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smuggling coordinate調節,協調:coordinate the functions of government agencies cordial熱情友好的,熱誠的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)correspond相符合相稱(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation correspondent通信者,通訊員,記者:a good(bad)correspondent corresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprints corrode(漸漸)損害,(一點一點地)損傷:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and seller corrupt墮落的,腐敗的,貪贓舞弊的:lead a corrupt life count數,計算: count the money course課程,科目:an English course courtesy 謙恭有禮。有禮的舉止（或）言辭：come in without courtesy credit信任，可信性：I have full credit in your ability to do the job。crucial 決定性的，關鍵性的：a crucial decision cue 提示，暗號，信號：throw cues to sb cultivate耕作，栽培，養殖：cultivate vegetables cure 治愈，醫治：this medicine cured him of his pains。cut 切，割，剪，砍，削;The Mayor cut the ribbon to open a trade exhibition.D dawn 黎明，拂曉 work from dawn to dark dazzle（強光等）使目眩，耀眼：He was dazzled by his sudden success.deceive 欺騙，蒙蔽：deceive oneself decent 體面的，像樣的:She didn’t have a decent dress for the ball.decline 拒絕，謝絕：We sent him an invitation but he declined.decompose 分解，腐爛，腐敗：decompose a compound into its elements.dedicate 奉獻，把。。用在（to）: The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure.deduce 演繹，推論：From her conversation, I deduced that she had a large family.define 解釋，給。。下定義: People define him as a genius.deform(使)變形：Heat deforms plastic.defy 公然違抗，反抗：He was going ahead defying all difficulties.degenerate 衰退，墮落，變壞（into）: Her eyesight degenerated with the years.deliberate 慎重的，深思熟慮的：The government is taking deliberate action to lower prices.delight 高興，快樂：To the teacher’s great delight , all his students passed the examination.deliver 投遞，傳送，運輸：deliver the mail demonstrate 論證，證明 ：demonstrate a philosophical principle denote 表示，是。。的標志，意思是：A frown often denotes displeasure.dense 稠密的，密集的:a dense forest deposit 存放： She deposited her bag in the cloakroom.depress 使沮喪，使消沉：That movie depressed me.deprive 剝奪，使喪失：deprive sb.of his property derive 取得，得到：He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father.descend 下來，下降：Darkness descended too soon.deserve 應得，值得：The question deserves consideration.designate 指明，表明：designate boundaries desolate 荒蕪的，不毛的：desolate land despise 蔑視，鄙視：He despises flattery.detach 拆卸：They detached their trailer and set up camp.detain 留住，擔擱：be detained by business.detect（當場）發現（某人在干壞事）:detect a student cheating deteriorate（使）惡化,(使)變壞,(使)退化: Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate.deviate 背離，偏離：deviate from the rule devote 將...獻給（to）:Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick.diagnose 診斷，判斷：The doctor diagnosed the illness as influenza.dictate 口授，使聽寫：dictate a letter to a secretary differentiate 使不同，使有差別，區分，區別：differentiate varieties of plants diffuse 擴散（氣體，液體等）：The colors of the sunset were diffused across the sky.diminish 減少，降低：His illness diminished his strength.diplomat 外交家，外交官，圓滑的人：a career diplomat discard 丟棄，拋棄：discard an old pair of shoes discern 看出，覺察出：We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.disclose 揭露，透露，使公開：disclose information to sb.discharge 釋放：The judge found him not guilty and discharged him.discount 把（價格，費用等）打折扣，削價出售：The store discounts 3 per cent on all bills paid when due.discriminate 區別，辨別：It’s difficult to discriminate between the twin brothers.disgrace 丟臉，恥辱：bring disgrace on oneself disgust 厭惡，惡心：feel disgust for bad odors disperse 分散，驅散，散去：Police dispersed the rioters with tear gas displace 移動。。的位置：Many of the inhabitants were displaced by the rising floodwaters dispose 布置，整理:The stores disposed the jewellery in an attractive display disregard 不理會，不顧：Disregard the noise and keep working distinct 有區別的，不同的：Three distinct types of people distort 扭歪，扭曲：a face distorted by(或with)pain distract 使轉向：be distracted from one’s original purpose distribute 分配，分發：distribute the prizes among the winners divorce 離婚，分離，脫離：sue for a divorce dominate 分配，統治：a white dominated society donate 捐贈，贈送：They donate to the Red Cross every year.doom 命運，厄運，劫數：His doom was to be poverty.doze 打瞌睡，打盹兒：The old lady dozed in her armchair.drain 慢慢排去：drain water from a pool dread 怕，畏懼:I dread to think of what may happen.drift 漂流，漂泊：The sounds of music drifted up to us.dubious 引起懷疑的，不確定的：a dubious reply due 欠款的，應支付的：A great deal of money is due to you.dump 傾倒，傾卸：He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk.duplicate 完全一樣的，復制的：a duplicate key durable 耐用的：a durable fabric dwell（dwelt 或 dwelled）（尤指作為常住居民）居住: dwell on an island E economical節約的,節儉的,經濟的: an economical stove edge邊,棱: At the edge of the lake women were doing their washing edible可以吃的,可食用的:edible oil elaborate精心計劃(或制作)的,詳盡的:an elaborate plot elevate舉起,提高,抬起:elevate the living standards of the people eliminate排除,消除:eliminate the exploitation of man by man elite出類拔萃的人(或物),精華:the elite of the society eloquent雄辯的,口才流利的,有說服力的:an eloquent spokesman embark上船(或飛機,汽車等):embark for Europe at New York harbor embody使具體化,表現:embody principles in actions embrace擁抱:She embraced her son tenderly emigrate移居外國(或外地區):emigrate from Canada to Australia emit發出,散發(光,熱,電度,聲音,液體,氣味等),發射電子:The chimney emitted a cloud of smoke enclose(從四面八方)圍住,包圍:enclose a porch with glass encounter意外的遇見,遭遇:encounter an old friend in the theatre endeavor(為達到某一目的而)努力,嘗試:How much he endeavored, goal stayed unattained energy活力,精力:a man of energy enforce實施,使生效:The principal enforced the rules of the school engage(用契約諾言等)約束,使訂婚:He engaged himself as an apprentice to a printer enhance 提高(價格,質量,吸引力等),增加,增強:enhance one’s reputation enlighten 啟發,使擺脫偏見(或迷信)Would you enlighten me on your plans for the future? enroll 吸收(成員),招生:The school enrolled about 300 pupils last year ensure 保證,擔保:His industriousness and ability will ensure his success entertain 給。。娛樂,使有興趣:The child is entertaining himself with his building blocks entitle 給。。權利,給。。資格(to):Robert was entitled to see the documents equivalent 相等的,相同的:The misery of such a position is equivalent to its happiness erase 擦掉,抹掉,消除:erase the chalk marks erect 豎直的,垂直的,豎起的:an erect tree erupt(火山,噴泉等)噴發:The volcano is due to erupt any day essence 本質,實質,要素:Being thoughtful of others is the essence of politeness eternal 永恒的,永存的,永久的:eternal truths evaluate 估價,評價:evaluate property evaporate(使)蒸發,(使)揮發:Heats evaporate water exaggerate 夸張,夸大,對…言過其實:keep to the facts and don’t exaggerate exceed 超出,勝過:Her performance exceeded all the others excess 超越,超過:an excess of supply over demand execute 實行,實施,執行,履行:execute a plan exemplify 例示,舉例證明,是…的例證(或榜樣等):The teacher exemplified the use of the word exert 用力,盡力:exert all one’s strength exhaust 汲空,抽完:exhaust a well expand 擴大,擴展,膨脹:Reading(travel)expands one’s mind expel 驅逐,趕走:expel an invader from a country expend 花費,消費(on, in):They expended all their strength in(on)trying to climb out expire 滿期,屆期,(期限)終止:His term of office expires this year explicit 詳盡的,明確的:give explicit directions exploit英勇的或冒險的行為或事跡:The daring of exploit of the parachutists were much admired exterior 外部的,外面的,外表的:exterior decorations external 外面的,外部的:external signs of a disease extinct(火等)熄滅了的:an extinct cigarette(fire)extinguish熄滅,撲滅:extinguish a cigarette(candle)extract取出,提取:extract a confession extravagant奢侈的,浪費的:be extravagant in one’s way of living F fabricate 建造,制造:The finest craftsmen fabricated this clock facilitate使變得(更)容易,使便利:Such a port would facilitate the passage of oil from the Middle East to Japan fade(顏色)褪去:The color in this material will not fade faint不清楚的,模糊的,微弱的:a faint idea fancy想象力:Children usually have a lively fancy fare車費,船費,飛機票價:full(half)fare fascinate強烈的吸引,迷住,使神魂顛倒:be fascinated with history fashion方式,樣子:She speaks in a very strange fashion favor 恩惠,善意的行為:We would esteem it a great favor if you would reply at once feasible 可行的:a feasible plan(idea)feeble 虛弱的,無力的:His pulse was very feeble feed 喂養,飼養:feed a baby at the breast figure 數字:according to official figures finance 財政,金融:skill in finance finite 有限的,有限制的:a finite number of facts flare(火焰)閃耀,(搖曳不定地)燃燒:candle flaring in the wind flash 閃光,閃爍:a flash of lighting flat平坦的,扁平的:a flat land flatter奉承,使高興:I feel greatly flattered by your invitation flavor味,味道,風味:drama with a European flavor flee逃走,逃掉:The enemy troops fled in utter confusion flexible柔韌易,彎曲的:flexible cord fling(用力)扔,擲,拋,丟:fling sb into prison flourish 茂盛,繁榮,興旺:Painting flourished in Italy in the fifteenth century fluctuate波動,起伏:You can’t march in a straight line to the victory, you fluctuate it flush 臉紅:Her cheeks flushed red forbid 不許,禁止:Wine is absolutely forbidden to all the children forge鍛煉:forge a horse-shoe out of an iron bar formulate規劃(制度等),構想出(計劃方法等)formulate a policy fracture 裂縫,裂痕: a fracture in the pipe frequent時常發生的,頻繁的:His trips to France are less frequent now frown 皺眉:frown at sb frustrate 挫敗,阻撓,使灰心,使無效:frustrate a plan fulfill(fulfilled, fulfilling)履行,實現,完成: fulfill a contract furnish供應，提供：furnish blankets for the refugees fury狂怒，暴怒：fly into a fury fuss大驚小怪，亂忙，小題大做：make much fuss over losing a penny G gallop(馬等的)飛跑，疾馳：The horse did a fine gallop during the race gamble賭博：gamble at cards gasp 喘氣，喘息：speak between gasps gear齒輪，傳動裝置，(排)檔：interlock cogs and gears generalize 歸納，概括:I don’t think you can generalize about what voters will do generate 產生，發生(電、熱、光、力、摩擦力等)：generate electricity genuine 真的，非人造的，名副其實的：genuine leather gesture 手勢，示意動作：raise one’s hands in a gesture of despair glance 一瞥，掃視：take a glance at the newspaper headlines glare 怒視，瞪眼：give the jury a glare glimpse 一瞥，一看：have a glimpse of(into)sth glitter 閃閃發亮(或發光)，光彩奪目，閃耀：His language glitters with marvelous words glory 光榮，榮譽：The soldiers hoped to win glory on the battle field glow 發熱，發光，發紅：the fire glowing in the darkness gossip 流言蜚語：give rise to gossip govern 統治，管理：govern a nation grace 優美：She ran well, grace in every movement graduate(使)大學畢業：graduate from college grant 同意，準予：grant a request grease 油脂，動物脂：the grease spot on the envelope greet 問候，招呼：greet sb with a nod grieve 使悲傷，使傷心：The little girl grieved over her kitten’s death grind(ground)磨，磨碎，碾碎：grind wheat into flour grip 抓緊，緊握：Fear gripped his heart gross 總的，毛的：gross income guarantee 保證，保證書，保單：Wealth is no guarantee of happiness H hail 歡呼，喝彩：The crowd hailed the actress with joy halt(行進中的)暫停前進，中止，終止：The car came to a sudden halt hamper 妨礙，阻礙：hamper sb from getting elected handicap 障礙，不利條件：Poor eyesight is a handicap to a student haste 急速，急忙，倉促，草率： Why all this haste? hatch 孵，孵出：hatch(out)chickens hazard 危險，危害物，危險之源：a life full of hazards heal 治愈，愈合：heal the sick heap(一)堆：a big heap of books hedge(矮樹)樹籬：a quickset hedge highlight 使顯著，使突出：Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output hinder妨礙，阻止：Bad weather hindered travel hint 暗示：drop(give ,throw out)a hint hoist 舉起，升起，吊起：The war hoisted prices hold 拿著，抓住：The girl is holding the baby in her arms homogeneous 同種類的，同性質的，有相同特征的：homogeneous parts horizon 地平(線)：The sun has sunk below the horizon hospital 好客的，殷勤的，熱情友好的：be hospital to the homeless hostile 敵人的，敵方的：a hostile army humble 地位(或身份)低下的，卑賤的：a humble job hysterical 情緒異常激動的，歇斯底里的 an hysterical outburst of fury I identical 同一的：the same(very)identical menu identify 識別，鑒別：He identified the coat as his brother’s idle 閑散的，閑置的：idle money ignite點燃，使燃燒：ignite a stove fire with scraps of paper ignore 不顧，不理，忽視：He who ignores history is doomed to repeat it illuminate 照明，照亮，解釋，啟發，啟迪：The room was poorly illuminated by one candle illustrate(用圖或例子)說明，闡明：A complicated rule can be illustrated by a simple example immerse 使浸沒：He immersed himself in the pool immune免除的，豁免的：Nobody is immune from criticism impact 沖擊，撞擊：the impact of light on the eye impair 削弱，減少：The output of produce was impaired by the bad weather impartial 公正的，無偏見的：A judge should be impartial implement 工具，器具，用具：new types of farm implements impose 征(稅)，加(負擔，懲罰等)于(on, upon)：impose additional tax on business expansion impulse 推動，驅動：give an impulse to the development of the friendly relations between the two countries inaccessible 達不到的：The two rocks at the top of the steep hill is at first sight inaccessible incline傾斜：The shaft inclines almost thirty degree incorporate 包含，吸收：His book incorporates his earlier essays incur 招致，引起，遭受：incur sb’s displeasure(envy)indignant 憤怒的，憤慨的：The actress was at the columnist’s personal questions indispensable 必不可少的，必需的(to.for)： Oxygen is indispensable to life induce 引誘，勸使：Nothing will induce me to do that infer(根據已知事實等)推斷，推定(from)：From his grades I inferred that he was a good student ingenious(人,頭腦等)靈巧的，足智多謀的：an ingenious designer initiate 開始，發起：initiate a conversation innovate 革新，改革，創新(in,on/upon)：innovate on another’s creation inquire 詢問，打聽：He inquired what the weather was likely to be insert 插入，嵌入：In the pause he managed to inquire a question inspire 鼓舞，激起：His speech inspires the crowd instant 緊急的，急迫的，立即的，即刻的：be in instant need of help institute 學會，協會，學院，研究院：an institute for the blind insulate 隔音，使隔絕(以免受到影響)：We are not insulated from the real world the way we were insult 侮辱，辱罵：She insulted him by calling him a coward insure 保險，給。。保險：Every father should insure his life for the sake of his wife and children intact 完整無缺的，未經觸動的，未受損傷的：an intact family integrate使成一體，使合并(with, into)：integrate traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine interfere 妨礙，沖突(with)：Misty weather interfered with the contact intermittent 間歇的，斷斷續續的，周期性的：suffer from intermittent headaches intervene 插入，介入：A week intervenes between Christmas and New Year’s Day intricate 錯綜復雜的，復雜精細的：A detective story usually has an intricate plot invert 使反向，使倒轉，使顛倒：The magician inverted the bag to show it was empty irrespective 不考慮的，不顧的(of)：irrespective of consequences irritate 激怒，使惱怒，使煩躁：be irritated by sb’s insolence J justify 證明。。正當或有理,正確：Such behavior is justified on these grounds K knit 編織，編結：She’s knitting her husband a sweater L label 標簽，標記，標號：put labels on your luggage lag 走得慢，落后，滯留：Some of the runners began to lag latent 潛在的，隱伏的，不易覺察的：a latent infection leak 漏洞，裂縫：The pipe has got a leak lean 斜，傾斜 the Leaning tower of Pisa lend 借給，貸款 Could you lend me your car length 長，長度 What is the length of the street? liable 會……的，有……傾向的 We are all liable to make mistakes liberal 慷慨的，大方的 a liberal donation light 光，光亮，光線 The house blazed with light limp 軟的，松沓的 a young man in a limp gray sweater linger逗留，徘徊 The children lingered at the zoo until closing time long 長的，遠的，久的 a long journey lubricate 使潤滑 lubricate the skin with cold cream lump塊，小方塊 a lump of coal M macroscopic肉眼可見的 magnet 磁鐵，磁鐵石 The pin was extracted with a magnet magnify 放大，擴大 I want to magnify this picture maintain 維持，保持 maintain law and order malfunction 發生功能障礙，發生障礙 If the computer malfunctions it fails to work properly maltreat 粗暴地對待，虐待 We’ll not intervene unless the children are being physically maltreated manifest 顯然的，明了的manifest superiority manipulate(熟練地)操作 Mr.Smith manipulated the ivory chopsticks with great dexterity mature 熟的，成熟的 a mature fruit meet 遇見，碰到 He met her there by chance melt 使融化，使熔化 The sun melted the snow mend 修理，修補 mend clothes merit 長處，優點，價值，功績 merits and demerits migrate 移居(尤指移居國外)，遷移 migrate to another country minimum 最低限度，最少量，最低點 minor 較小的，較少的，較不重要的 mislead 把……引錯方向，把……引入歧途 moan 呻吟聲，嗚咽聲 Each time she moved her leg she let out a ～.mobilize 動員 Our country’s in great danger, we must ～ the army.mock 嘲笑，嘲弄 He had ～ed her modest ambitions.model 模型，原形 build airplane ～s modify 修改，更改 ～a law momentary 片刻的，瞬息的 a ～ feeling of fear monitor（學校的）班長 a ～ in class 5.mortgage 抵押（借款）He will have to ～ his land for a loan.motion 動，運動the ～ of the planets motive 動機，目的be proper in～ mount登上，爬上～ the steps multiply 乘，相乘～ 7 and 8 muscle 肌肉 facial ～s mutual 相互的，彼此的 ～ aid N narrate 敘述，講述 ～ the story of sb’s life nasty 齷齪的，骯臟的 a～ room necessitate 使成為必須，需要 The emergency ～d a change in plans.necessity 必要（性），（迫切）需要 There is no ～ for disappointment.neglect 忽視，忽略 ～ one’s health negligent 疏忽的，大意的 be ～ about traffic regulations nominal 名義的，有名無實的 a ～ leader nominate 提名 a ～ leader noteworthy值得注意的，顯著的a ～ day notorious 臭名昭著的a ～ thief notwithstanding 雖然，盡管 They traveled on,～ the storm nourish養育Milk is all we need to ～our small baby numb 麻木的，失去感覺的 fingers ～ with cold O object 物體，事物 cultural ～s objective 目的，宗旨 political ～s oblige 強迫，迫使 In certain countries the law ～s parents to send their children to school obscure 晦澀的，費解的 an ～ text obsolete 廢棄的，淘汰的 Wooden warships are ～.obstinate 頑固的，固執的，倔強的The girl would go her own way, in spite of all warnings occasion 時刻，場合They met on three ～s occupy 占用，占有My books ～ a lot of space occur 發生，存在，出現 when did the earthquake ～? odd的奇數的，單的，奇怪的One ,three five are ～numbers offend 冒犯，使生氣 She was afraid of ～ing anyone.offence 犯法行為，過錯 They were arrested for drug ～s.offset 補償，抵消They gains ～the losses.omit 省略，刪去 Minor points may be omitted.opaque 不透明的A brick wall is ～.optimistic 樂觀的，樂觀主義的 option 選擇權 It is your ～ to take it or leave it orient 東方，東方國家 political theory in the West and in the Orient origin 起源，由來 a word of Latin ～ ornament 裝飾品，點綴品 We bought ～s for the Christmas tree orthodox 正統的，正宗的 an ～ economic theory outline輪廓，外形 He saw the ～ of a house against the sky overflow 泛濫 Every spring the river ～s overhaul 大修，全面檢查，徹底革新～ a faulty machine overhear 偶然聽到，偷聽到I wouldn’t like to be ～d overlap 重疊，部分相同 The Renaissance overlapped the later Middle Ages overtake 趕上，超過 He ran out of the door to ～ her overthrow 推翻，打倒 a plot to ～ the government overwhelm 征服，壓倒，毀壞 He took 45% of the ballots and ～ed his two main rivals P pace 步，步速，步伐 He took three ～s forward pack 包，包裹 The climber carried some food in a ～ on his back pad 墊，襯墊 a seat ～ pant 氣喘，氣喘吁吁地說話 He ～ed along beside the bicycle parallel平行的 The road is ～ to the river paralyze 使癱瘓，使麻痹 A stroke ～d half his face partial 偏向一方的，偏袒的，偏愛的 A parent should not be ～ to any one of his children participate 參與，參加，In a modern democracy people want to ～ more fully particular 特殊的，特別的 a matter of ～ importance pat(用掌或扁平物)輕拍，輕打She patted a place next to her for me to sit down patch 補釘，補片 patches at elbows of a jacket patent 專利，專利權，專利品 take out a ～ for an invention pattern 模范，榜樣 set the ～ for pave 鋪路，鋪砌，鋪筑 ～ a road with concrete peculiar 奇怪的，古怪的 He has always been a little ～ peel 削皮，剝皮 peel potatoes penetrate 穿透，滲入 The nail ～d the wood at least two inches perceive 感知，感覺，覺察 He was only able to ～ light and color;he could not see properly perfect 完美的，理想的 a ～ couple perform 做，執行，完成～ an experiment perfume 香水，香料，香氣She loves French ～(s)periodical 期刊，雜志 a ～ room perish 卒，喪生～ from disease perpetual 永久的，永恒的，長期的 a ～ arms race perplex 使困惑，使茫然 The question ～ed him persecute 虐待，殘害，迫害 ～ animals perspective 透視畫法，透視圖 a lesson in drawing class on ～ pessimistic 悲觀的 I am ～ about my chances of getting the job petition 請愿，請愿書 get up a ～ pierce 刺入，刺穿，穿透 The thorn ～d his heel pile 一堆，一疊 a ～ of sand pilot 飛行員，駕駛員 pin 大頭針，別針 pinch 捏，擰，夾 I ～ed myself to make sure I wasn’t dreaming plausible 論點等貌似有理的 a ～ excuse plead 懇求，請求 His parents ～ed that he should be given one more chance pledge 保證，誓言，誓約 fulfill one’s ～ plot 小塊土地 a vegetable ～ plug 塞子，栓 He wears rubber ～s in his ears when he swims plunge 猛地投入或插入 He ran to the edge of the swimming pool and ～d in pocket 衣袋，口袋，袋子 a change ～ polish 擦光，擦亮 Polish your shoes with a brush poll 民意測驗 A recent ～ shows a change in public opinion pool 水池，游泳池 a swimming ～ portable 便于攜帶的，手提式的，輕便的This little TV is extremely ～ pose 姿勢，樣子 The model was asked to adopt various ～s for the photographer postpone 延遲，延緩，延期 We are postponing our trip until the weather grows warmer potential 潛在的，可能的 That hole in the road is a ～ danger pour 倒，注，灌，傾瀉，涌流 He began to ～ with sweat preach 講道，布道 ～ to a packed church preside 主持，主管(at, over)The vice chairman of the board will ～ at today’s meeting press 按，擠，壓 ～ the bell presume 推測，假定，假設 From the way they talked, I ～d them to be married prevail 流行，盛行 This custom still ～s among members of the older generation prey 被捕食的動物，捕獲物 The lion seized its ～ and ate it prick 一刺，一扎 The boy burst the balloon with a ～ of the needle prime 首要的，主要的 a matter of ～ importance primitive 原始的，上古的，早期的 a ～ forest prior 在先的，在前的 Stop making public statements without their ～ approval here privilege 特權，優惠，特免 In countries where there are still not many schools, education is a ～ probe 探索，探查，調查 ～ the roots of war proceed（尤指停頓或打斷后）繼續進行 The train ～ed at the same speed as before process 過程，進程 the ～ of digestion proclaim 宣告，宣布，聲明 ～ war produce 生產，制造 Canada ～s wheat and furs profit 利潤，收益，紅利 They made millions in ～s in last year profound 很深的 a ～ sleep prohibit 禁止 Tourist class passengers are ～ed from using the first class lounge project 計劃，方案 draw up a ～ prolong 延長，拉長，拖延 a means of ～ing life prominent 突起的，凸出的 a ～ forehead prompt 敏捷的，迅速的 He is ～ on the job pronounce 發音 ～ distinctly propose提議，建議 When she was very ill ,her lawyer has ～d to her that she might like to make a will prosper 興旺，繁榮，昌盛，成功 His farm ～ed through good management provoke 挑動，激起，導致 He tried to ～ them into fighting pump 泵 fill a bucket from the ～ pursue 追趕，追隨，追求 He felt their eyes pursuing him puzzle 難題，智力玩具，迷，迷惑 jigsaw ～ Q quality 質量，品級 merchandise of ～ quantity 數量，量 an increase in ～ quench 消除，平息，壓制，撲滅 ～ hatred queue一隊人，一行列車 from a ～ quit 停止，放棄 It hasn’t ～ raining yet quiver 顫抖，抖動 ～ with cold quote引用，引述，援引 She ～d several verses to us R rack 架子，支架，擱架 a clothes ～ radiate（光，熱等）輻射，發射 The sun ～s light and heat radical 根本的，基本的a ～ error rake（長柄）耙，耙機，耙狀物 an oyster ～ rally 集合，團結 ～ public opinion in favor of price controls random胡亂的，任意的，隨意的，a ～talk range 排，行，一系列 a ～ of buildings rank排，行，列 the ～s of great pines rate 比率，率 Velocity is the ～ of change of distance with respect to time reap 收割，收獲 ～ the rice in the field rear 后部，后邊，背部a garden at the ～ of the house recall 回憶，回想I ～ seeing a poster on his wall reciprocal 相互的，交互的 ～ respect reckon 計算，數 ～ the days till Christmas reclaim 使改過，改造 ～ former criminals recognize認出，識別 Dogs ～ people by their smell recollect 回憶，想起 I am trying to ～ a forgotten address recommend 推薦，稱贊 He ～ed me for the post of headmaster reconcile 使和解，使和好After each fight they ate soon ～d recover 追回，重新得到The police ～ed stolen watch recruit 招募（新兵）招收（新成員）try to ～300 men in two days rectify糾正，改正，矯正 ～ the mistakes in a bill refer 提到，談到 Does the remark ～ to me refine 提煉～ crude oil into various petroleum products reform 改革，改良 He spend years trying to ～ the world refresh 使恢復活力，使振作精神 Sleep ～es the body refute駁斥，駁倒 The argument cannot be d at the moments regard 看待，認為，對待 I ～ the matter in this light regenerate 使恢復，使復興，再生The human body can ～ hair, nails, etc regulate管理，控制，為……制訂規章 The policeman ～d traffic at the intersection reign 為王，統治In England ,the sovereign ～s but does not rule reinforce 增援，加強 They hope to ～ their domination in these countries rejoice 使感到高興，使充滿喜悅 The whole nation ～ over the victory relate 講述，敘述 She ～d the experience of a Chinese girl in the United States relay 接力傳送，傳遞 ～ a message release 排放，釋出 ～ a bomb from an aircraft relevant 有關的，切題的I don’t think his remarks are ～ to our discussions relieve 緩解，減輕，解除He smoked frequently to ～ nervous tension remark 評論，議論(on, upon)It would be rude to ～ upon her appearance remedy 治療，治療法，藥品 a folk ～ remember 記得，回想起，不忘記 I ～ reading that boo when I was eight remind 提醒，使想起 I ～ed him of his promise remove 移開，挪走 ～ one’s eyes from the picture render 使得，使成為 The blow ～ed him unconscious renew 更新，恢復，更換We feel totally ～ed in body ,mind ,and spirit renovate 修復，整修 ～ a two storey building repel 擊退，抵制，拒絕，排斥 ～ the enemy repent 后悔，懊悔 ～of a thoughtless act replace 代替，取代，更換The calculator is rapidly replacing the abacus represent 代表，象征To many local people these castles ～ a hundred years of foreign domination reproach 責備，指責，斥責 mute ～ rescue 營救，救援，搭救 ～ hostages held by the terrorists resent 怨恨 ～ those unfair comments reserve 保留，儲備 We’ll the ticket for you till tomorrow noon resign 辭職，引退 He ～ed from his post resolve 決定，打定注意要 Have you ～d where to go next? resort 求助，憑借，訴諸 ～ to sb for help restore 恢復，修復，康復 The temple has been ～d out of all recognition restrain 抑制，遏止 ～ one’s anger resume 重新開始，繼續 When I quit golf, I ～d writing retain 保留，保持 ～the right to reply reveal 揭示，揭露 I promise never to ～ his secret revenge 報仇，復仇Man may destroy the balance of nature ,but ,from time to time, nature takes a terrible ～ reverse 相反的，顛倒的，倒退的a ～ dictionary revise 修訂，校訂 ～ a dictionary revive 蘇醒，復蘇 He is dead and never will ～ ridiculous 可笑的，荒唐的，荒謬的 In this department of English girls outnumber boys in a ～ ratio rigid 剛性的，堅硬的 a ～ piece of plastic ripe 成熟的，時機成熟的 a ～ cluster of grapes roll 滾動，滾落 Rocks were ～ing down the hillside rot 腐爛，腐壞，腐朽，腐敗，腐化Meat may ～ if it is not refrigerated roundabout 繞道的，繞圈子的，不直接的 The car has to take a ～ course to avoid the flood rouse 驚起 The boat ～d wild ducks to flight row 吵鬧，爭吵 What’s all this ～ about? rub 擦，摩擦 He rubbed his eyes rush 沖，奔 ～ into the room rust 銹，鐵銹 Iron gathers ～easily ruthless 無情的，殘忍的，冷酷的 a～ enemy S sack 麻袋，紙袋，塑料袋 a ～of cement sacred 神圣的the ～ name of God sacrifice 獻祭，供奉 a law banning the ～ of animals salute 敬禮，祝賀 ～ one’s superior officer scan 細看，審視 ～ the doctor’s face for a sign of hope scare 驚嚇，恐懼 The thunder ～d the children scatter 撒，撒播～ corn for the chickens schedule 時間表，進度表 a fight ～ scheme 計劃，方案 He suggested several ～s to increase sales scold 責罵，訓斥 Dad ～ed me for coming home late score 得分，比分，分數，成績 At the end of first half there’s no ～ scorn 輕蔑，鄙視 He ～s lying scrap 碎片，零屑 ～s of bread scrape 刮，擦 ～one’s chin scratch 抓，刮，擦 The cat ～ed me with its claws screen 屏，幕，簾 a folding ～ secure 安全的，可靠的，有把握的 a castle ～from attack seek 尋找，探索 ～ shelter from the rain seize 抓住，捉住The policeman ～d him by the collar sense 感官，官能

Sight ,hearing ,touch, taste, and smell are the five ～s sensible 明知的，合情理的 a ～ choice serve 服務，履行職責 He ～d as an adviser to the company set 放置 He set his hand on my shoulder shade 蔭，蔭涼處The group of trees provide some ～ from the sun sham假裝，虛偽 Her illness was a ～ to gain sympathy shame 羞恥，羞愧 flush with ～ shape 形狀，外形 the ～ of sb’s face share 一分，分額，一部分 They divided the money into equal ～s shear 剪，修剪 ～ a lawn shed 流 ～ one’s blood for one’s country sheer 完全的，十足的 ～ nonsense shelter 掩蔽處，躲避處 a bus ～ shield 盾，保護物，防御物 They piled more sand on top as a ～ shift 轉移，移動 Don’t try to ～the blame onto me shower 陣雨，陣雨般的東西 be caught in a hard ～ shrewd 機靈的，敏銳的，精明的 a ～ guess signify 表示，表明，預示 ～ consent with a nod simulate 假裝，冒充 use tricks to ～ illness sit 坐，就坐 He was sitting over his coffee with a cigar sketch 素描，速寫 make a ～ of a face in pencil slack 不緊的，不嚴的 a ～ soft rope slender 苗條的，修長的，細長的She is ～ and has long dark hair slide 滑行，滑動，滑落 The drawers of my desk ～ in and out easily slim苗條的，薄的 Regular exercise will make you slimmer slip 滑倒，滑落，滑行 She ～ed on the wet stones and fell slit 切開，撕開 ～ the envelope open slope 傾斜，有坡度 The ground ～s down sharply at this point sly 狡猾的，偷偷的 a ～answer smart 聰明的，精明的 Smart students talk earlier than the average smash 打碎，打破，摧毀 The ball ～ed the window smooth平滑的，光滑的～ skin snatch 奪得，一把抓住 The thief ～ed her handbag and ran off snob 勢力的人，諂上欺下的人 a ～ of the first water soak 濕透，浸濕，浸泡 You shouldn’t have gone out in the rain－your clothes are ～ing sober 未醉的 A driver must stay ～ soil 泥土，土壤The ～here is very fertile sophisticated 老于世故的 a young man quite ～ for his age sore 痛的，痛苦的，痛心的touch sb on a ～ place sort 種類，類別 He is not the ～ of man to do such a cruel thing sound 健康的，健全的，完好的 a ～body in a ～ mind sour 酸的，酸味的 ～pickles sow 播種 This plot of land was sown with maize spare 多余的，剩下的have no ～ cash spark 火花，火星 The firework burst into a shower of ～s sparkle 發光，閃耀 Her eyes were sparkling with anger specify 具體指定，詳細說明 They have specified the amount as 700,000 dollars spectacle 景象，奇觀，壯觀，場面 The burning house was a terrible ～ speculate 推測，推斷 I cannot ～ on their motives for doing this spill 溢出，濺出 The ship ～ed oil while in port spin 紡制 ～ cotton into yarn spit 吐出 He was ～ting out the husks of sunflower seeds on the floor splash 濺潑A passing car ～ed my dress split 劈開，切開，裂開 ～ the firewood with an axe spoil 損壞，毀掉 It would ～ my reputation sponsor 發起者，主辦者，保證人，贊助者the ～ of the annual Christmas parade spot斑點，污點 a blue tie with ～s spray 浪花，水花 The new shower heads reduce ～ and waste less water sprout 抽條，發芽，長出 The seeds we planted finally ～ed spur 靴刺，踢馬刺a pair of ～s squeeze 榨，擠 ～ juice from oranges stab 刺，戳，猛的一擊，突發的一陣 a ～ of anxiety stack整齊的一疊 a ～ of bills staff 全體職員，全體雇員 The company has got a ～ of about 40 stain 玷污，污染 His shirt was ～ed with blood stale 食品等不新鮮的，走味的 These old peanuts taste ～ stall 牛舍 stamp 郵票 put a ～ on a letter start 開始，動手 I’ve got so many things to do,I don’t know where to ～ startle 驚嚇，使吃驚 The horse ～s easily starve 使挨餓，餓死 Many live in luxury while others are starvin station 車站 at Victoria Station

stationary 固定的，靜止的，非流動的 ～ troops

statistics 統計，統計資料 The recent ～ on marriage are interesting steer 掌舵，駕駛 ～ a car through the entrance stern 嚴厲的，苛刻的 a ～ punishment stick 棍，棒，手杖 Grandfather walks with a ～

stimulate 刺激，促使 ～ economic growth sting刺，螫，叮 A bee stung him on the neck stir 使微動，移動 A breeze ～red my hair stitch 一針，針腳 Make your ～es closer together

stock 原料，備料，庫存，現貨 Rags are used as a ～ for making paper stoop 俯身，彎腰She ～ed to pick up her fan storm 風暴，暴風雨，暴風雪 A ～ arose

straightforward 一直向前的，直接的 a ～ business transaction strain 拉緊，繃緊 If you ～ the elastic any more, it will break strap 帶，皮帶 silks ～s

stream 小河，溪流 on the banks of a ～

strength 力量，力氣，活力，效力 the economic ～ of a nation stress壓力，緊張 Not all of us can cope with the ～es of modern life stretch 伸直，伸長 He yawned and ～ed himself stride闊步前進，大踏步走He strode to the platform strike 打擊，撞 A stone struck me on the head

string 細繩，線，帶 She took the parcel and started to undo the string strip 剝去，除去 The wind stripped the tree of all its leaves strive 努力，奮力，力求～ towards a goal

stroke 敲，打，鳴 drive in a nail with one ～ of the hammer

stubborn 頑固的，倔強的 The ～ boy refused to listen to his parents’advice

stuff 原料，材料，物品，東西 He has got all the ～ ready for building his new house subject 題目，主題 the ～ for a debate submerge 浸沒，淹沒，湮沒 The stream overflowed and ～d the farmland submit 屈服，服從，投降 ～ to foreign pressure subordinate 下級的 In the army ,captains are ～ to majors substance 物質，實質 the ～ of pre-school education

substitute 代替者，代替物 He is the doctor’s ～ during holidays times subtle 微妙的，巧妙的 His whole attitude has undergone a ～ change subtract 減，減去 Subtract 4 from 10 you get 6 succession 連續，一系列 a ～ of debates

suck 吸，A large mosquito was sucking blood from the back of her hand sue 控告，起訴 ～ sb for slander

summary 總結，概要 This book has a ～ at the end of each chapter superb 極好的，一流的，杰出的 ～ science and engineering superficial 表面的 a ～resemblance

superfluous過多的，剩余的，多余的a ～remark supervise 監督，管理，指導 ～ sb’s every move supplement增補，補充 a ～ to wages suppress壓制，鎮壓 ～human rights supreme最高的，至上的 a ～ ruler

surpass超過，優于，強于，勝過 ～ advanced world surplus過剩，剩余 a teacher ～

survey調查～ population growth in the southern provinces survive 幸存，幸免于Only two people ～d the fire suspect 懷疑 He ～ed a plot against his life

sustain支撐，承受The fountains were not strong enough to ～ the weight of the house swallow 吞，咽 ～ one’s food swarm 蜂群

sway搖擺 a tree ～ing gently in the breeze swear宣誓，發誓 ～ on a Bible to observe secrecy swell 膨脹，鼓起 A tire ～s as it is filled with air swing 搖擺，搖蕩 ～ a baby in the cradle sympathy 同情心，慰問 a man of wide sympathies synchronize使同步，使結合，使協調 Their steps ～d T

taboo 禁忌，忌諱Movies producers attempted to break down all the ～s tackle 用具，裝備 shaving ～

tailor 裁縫 go to the ～’s

talk 講話，談話 Is your baby talking yet? tame 馴化的，馴服的，溫順的 ～animails tan棕黃色，黃褐色 buy some shoes in tan tax 稅（款）Half of his wages go in tax tear 撕開，撕裂tear open an envelope tease 戲弄，取笑 The boy is teasing the cat tedious 單調乏味的，冗長的，羅嗦的a ～ debate temper 心情，脾氣 be in a good～

tempt 引誘，誘惑 Nothing could ～ me to do such a thing tend 趨向，傾向 Interest rates are ～ing upwards tender 嫩的 a ～ piece of meat

tentative 試驗性的，試探性的，暫時的，推測的 a ～plan term 學期 the spring ～

terminate 停止，結束，使終止 ～ a contract

terrify 使害怕，使驚嚇 She was terrified out of her wits testify 作證，證明 He agreed to ～ on behalf of the accused man thermal 熱的，由熱造成的 ～burns

thirst 渴，口渴 The heat creates a ～ in me like I’ve never had before thread 線，線狀物 cotton ～

thrill 使非常興奮，使非常激動 It’s a sight that never fails to ～ me thrive 興旺發達，繁榮 His business is thriving thrust 推，刺，戳，插，擠He was ～ into power tick（鐘聲等發出的）滴答聲

tidy 整潔的，整齊的a ～ room

tilt 使傾斜，使傾倒 Tilt your head back so that I can look down your throat time 時間，時刻，時候 ～ and space tip 末端，尖端 the tips of the fingers toast 烤面包，吐司 two slices of ～

token 表示，標志，象征He did that as a ～ of good faith torture 拷打，拷問 ～ a confession from a prisoner toss 扔，拋，擲 The children tossed the ball to each other tough 堅韌的，牢固的 Some plastic are as ～ as metal tow 拖，拉，牽引 tow a damaged ship into port tower 塔，塔樓，高樓 a television ～

trace 痕跡，蹤跡 The wound healed, leaving almost no ～ of a scar track足跡，蹤跡～s in the snow

tragedy 悲劇 Hamlet is one of shakespeare’s best known tragedies trail 痕跡，足跡 a ～ of destruction left by the violence tramp 步行，跋涉 He loves ～ing over the hills

transfer 轉移，調動 the company has transferred to an eastern location transform 變形，改觀 ～ a hotel into a hospital transient 短暫的，轉瞬即逝的 ～ happiness transmit 播送，發射 ～ a match live transparent 透明的 Glass is ～

transplant 移植，移種，移居 ～ a human heart into a patient treasure 財寶，財富 dig for buried ～

trend 傾向，趨勢an upward ～ of prices trick 詭計，騙局 He got the money by a ～

trifle 瑣事，小事 One should not get angry about such a ～

trim 整齊的，整潔的 ～ lawns trip 旅行，旅游 a ～ round the world

triple 三倍的，三重的，三部分的，三方的Black unemployment rate runs ～ the figure for whites triumph 勝利 a ～ over the enemy

trivial 瑣碎的，不重要的，無價值的 ～ matters

tuck 夾入，藏入 He ～ed the letter in a book so he wouldn’t lose it tug（用力）拖或拉He tugged the door but it wouldn’t open

tumble 跌到，滾下The baby is just learning to walk and he’s always tumbling over tune 曲調，曲子 She wrote the words of the song and her brother wrote the ～

turbulent 騷亂的，動蕩的，混亂的，狂暴的a ～ crowd

turn 轉動，旋轉Turn the hands of the clock until they point to 9 O’clock

tutor 家庭教師，指導教師 When the students are making their choices, their ～ may well guide them twinkle 閃爍，閃耀，閃亮 The diamond on her finger ～d in the firelight twist 捻，搓，絞，擰 ～ a rope out of threads U

ultimate 最后的，最終的 The war ended for us in ～ victory

unanimous 全體一致的，一致同意的 They are ～ in asking for a rise in pay uncover 揭開，揭露 ～ a dish of food

underestimate 低估 ～ the difficulties of the task undergo 經歷，遭受，忍受 ～ much suffering

underline 在……下劃線，強調 Please translate the ～d sentences in the passage underlie 位于……之下 Many facts ～ my decision undermine 在……下挖;暗中破壞 ～ a wall undertake 著手做，從事 ～ an attack

undesirable 不合意的，不受歡迎的 The drug has ～ side effects uneasy 心神不寧的，不安寧的 be ～uneasy about the future unfold 展開，打開 ～ a newspaper

uniform 不變的，相同的，均勻，統一的 a ～ temperature unify 使成一體，統一 become a unified nation update 更新，使現代化 ～a textbook

upgrade 提高，使升級，改善 ～ products and services uphold 舉起，高舉 He upheld his clenched hand upright 挺直的，垂直的 an ～ seat

uproar 騷亂，騷動The public ～ over unclear-radiation hazards continues to mount upset 弄翻，打翻 I’ve ～ a tin of paint on the carpet

up-to-date 時新的，新式的，現代化的They are ～ on recent developments in the world computer industry urge 推進，鼓勵 The president ,～d on by his staff, has decided to attend the talks urgent 緊迫的，緊要的 He left the country on ～ business utilize 利用 ～ solar energy

utter 發出（聲音等），說，吐露 ～ the truth V

vacant 未被占用的 a ～ seat in a bus

vague 含糊的，不明確的，模糊的 a ～ answer vain 徒勞的，無效的 ～ efforts valid 有根據的 a ～ excuse

value 價值 I was offered 50 pounds for my old car but its ～ is much higher vanish 突然消失，逐漸消散 With a wave of his hand, the magician made the rabbit veil 面紗，面罩 Jewish women wore ～s in token of reverence and submission ventilate 使通風，使空氣流通 ～ a room

venture 冒險，冒險行動，投機行動take a ～ in oil verge 邊，邊緣，邊沿 the ～ of a stream

verify 證明，證實Subsequent events verified my suspicions versatile 多才多藝的 a ～ man

versus 訴訟，競賽等中以……為對手 The match tonight is China ～ Japan vertical 垂直的，立式的 a ～ engine

veto 否決，否決權，否決權的行使 The rest of the committee could not accept the ～

vibrate 使震動，使擺動 His heavy footsteps upstairs made the old house ～

vicious 邪惡的，惡毒的，兇殘的 lead a ～ life vigor 體力，精力，活力 in the ～ of manhood violate 違反，違背 ～ the traffic regulations

virtual 實際上的，事實上的 the ～ manager of the business

virtue 美德，德行 Among her many ～s are loyalty ,courage, and truthfulness visible 看得見的，可見的 a ship barely ～ on the horizon vision 視力，視覺 ～ care

vital 有生命力的 The heart is a ～ organ vivid 鮮艷的 the ～ green of leaves in spring void 空的 a ～ space

volunteer 志愿者，自愿參加者 Are there any ～s for a swim? vote 投票，表決 bring sth to a vote W

wage 工資，報酬 What is your weekly ～?

wake 醒來，醒著，喚醒 He spends all his waking hours working waken 醒來，睡醒He wakened when the alarm sounded wander 漫步，徘徊 He ～ed home ward 病房 a 4-bed ～

warrant 授權，批準，正當理由，根據 He had no ～ for his action waterproof 不透水的，防水的 ～ material way 方法，方式 Do it your own way wear 穿，戴 ～ diamonds weary 疲倦的，疲勞的 a ～ look weave 織，編，編制 ～ cloth

wedge 楔子，三角木 Please put a ～ in the door so that it will stay open weed 雜草，野草My garden is running to ～s weep 哭泣，流淚 ～ for one’s failure weigh 稱……重量，稱～ oneself on the scales weld 焊接，煅接 It takes speed to ～ steel at this heat whirl 旋轉，急轉 The couples ～ed round the dance floor whisper 低語，耳語，輕聲說 ～ to sb whistle 吹口哨，鳴笛 The train ～d whitewash 粉飾

wholesome 有益于健康的 ～ surroundings

wicked 壞的，邪惡的，淘氣的，惡作劇的 ～ habits wind 繞，纏The snake wound around a branch wire 金屬絲，金屬線steel ～

withdraw 抽回，收回，提取 She withdrew her eyes from the terrible sight withhold 使停止，阻擋 be obliged to ～ one’s pen withstand 經受，承受 ～hardships

witness 目擊者，見證人a ～ of the accident

wonder 奇跡 the Seven Wonders of the World in ancient times worship 崇拜，崇敬 the ～ of the dollar worth 值……錢a house ～ 50,000 pounds wrap 包，裹 ～ oneself in a blanket wreck 失事，遇難 a train ～

wrench 扳手 He is a ～.wrinkle 皺，皺紋 He will wore the ～s of anxiety on his forehead.write 寫，寫字，寫信，寫作 She ～s to me every other week.Xerox 靜電復印（法），靜電復印件，靜電復印機 Make me a ～ of this report.Y

yield 生產，產生，帶來 This orchard ～s apples and pears.Z

zeal 熱心，熱忱，熱情 a man of ～

zigzag之字形的，彎曲的 a ～ road zone 地帶，分布帶 a dangerous ～

三．大綱新增詞匯450

自從2005年考研大綱進行一次大規模修改（取消了聽力，增加了閱讀新題型和小作文），同時增加了445個核心詞匯。而這445個核心詞匯在以后的06、07、08年考研英語真題中高頻出現，成為了考研詞匯的新考點，新亮點。

復習建議：花一天時間把這445個詞匯過一遍，把不熟悉的單詞找出來，重點突破。

A

abdomen n.腹, 腹部

abound vi.多, 大量存在, 富于, 充滿

acclaim n.喝彩, 歡呼 v.歡呼, 稱贊

accord n.一致, 符合, 調和, 協定 vt.一致, 給與 vi.符合accountant n.會計(員), 會計師

addict vt.使沉溺, 使上癮 n.入迷的人, 有癮的人

adore v.崇拜, 愛慕,(口語)喜愛

advent n.(尤指不尋常的人或事)出現, 到來

adverse adj.不利的, 敵對的, 相反的affluent adj.豐富的, 富裕的

air-conditioning n.空調，空調系統空調機

airport n.<主美>小型民用機場, 私人飛機降落場 aisle n.走廊, 過道

album n.集郵本, 照相簿, 簽名紀念冊

amiable adj.親切的, 和藹可親的amid prep.在...中

anecdote n.軼事, 奇聞

anguish n.痛苦, 苦惱 vt.使極苦悶, 使極痛苦 vi.感到痛苦

antique n.古物, 古董 adj.古時的, 過時的appal v.驚駭

approximate adj.近似的, 大約的 v.近似, 接近, 接近, 約計

arrogant adj.傲慢的, 自大的artery n.動脈, 要道

aspire vi.熱望, 立志

assassinate vt.暗殺, 行刺

asset n.資產, 有用的東西

auction n.拍賣 vt.拍賣

audio adj.音頻的, 聲頻的, 聲音的

audit n.審計, 稽核, 查帳 vt.稽核, 旁聽 vi.查賬

auditorium n.聽眾席, 觀眾席, <美>會堂, 禮堂

authentic adj.可信的autonomy n.自治

awe n.敬畏 vt.敬畏

B

bait n.餌, 誘惑物 vt.以餌引誘(動物), 把餌裝上, 欺負, 折磨 vi.中途休息

balcony n.陽臺, 包廂,(戲院)樓廳

barren adj.不生育的, 不孕的, 貧瘠的, 沒有結果的, 無益的, 單調的, 無聊的, 空洞的 n.荒地

beginning n.開始

belly n.腹部, 胃 vi.漲滿

benign adj.(病)良性的,(氣候)良好的, 仁慈的, 和藹的bibliography n.(有關一個題目或一個人的)書目, 參考書目

bin n.箱柜 二進制文件的擴展名

bizarre adj.奇異的(指態度,容貌,款式等)blackmail n.勒索, 勒索所得之款 vt.勒索

blouse n.寬松的上衣, 似襯衫的上衣

blueprint n.藍圖, 設計圖, 計劃 vt.制成藍圖, 計劃

blur v.涂污, 污損(名譽等), 把(界線,視線等)弄得模糊不清, 弄污 n.污點

boost v.推進

bowel n.腸 adj.內部, 同情心

breach n.違背, 破壞, 破裂, 裂口 vt.打破, 突破

briefcase n.(扁平的, 柔韌的, 裝文件, 書報的)公文包

browse v.n.瀏覽, 吃草, 放牧

bruise n.瘀傷, 擦傷 v.打傷, 撞傷

bully n.欺凌弱小者 vt.威嚇, 威逼

bureaucracy n.官僚, 官僚作風, 官僚機構 burglar n.夜賊

C

cab一種壓縮文件格式 n.出租馬車, 出租汽車, 計程車,(機車, 卡車, 起重機的)司機室, 駕駛室 vi.乘出租馬車

calcium n.鈣(元素符號Ca)calorie n.卡路里

cape n.海角, 岬

carbohydrate n.碳水化合物, 醣類

cardinal n.樞機主教, 紅衣主教 adj.主要的, 最重要的caress n.愛撫, 接吻 vt.撫愛

catastrophe n.大災難, 大禍

cater vi.備辦食物, 滿足(需要), 投合celebrity n.名聲, 名人

cemetery n.墓地, 公墓

champagne n.香檳酒, 香檳色

chancellor n.長官, 大臣

chap n.<俗>伙伴, 家伙, 小伙子, 顎, 頰 v.(使)皸裂

Christ n.救世主(特指耶穌基督)

clergy n.(集合稱)圣職者, 牧師, 僧侶, 神職人員

click v.發出滴答聲 n.滴答聲

closet n.壁櫥, 儲藏室, 廁所 adj.關起門來的 vt.關入私室密談

coalition n.合并, 接合, 聯合cocaine n.古柯堿,可卡因

cohesive adj.粘著的composure n.鎮靜, 沉著

concede vt.勉強, 承認, 退讓 vi.讓步

consecutive adj.連續的, 聯貫的console vt.安慰, 藉慰 n.控制臺

conspiracy n.共謀, 陰謀

constrain vt.強迫, 抑制, 拘束

construction n.建筑, 建筑物, 解釋, 造句

contaminate v.污染

contemplate v.凝視, 沉思, 預期, 企圖

contradiction n.反駁, 矛盾

controversy n.論爭, 辯論, 論戰

cop n.警官, 巡警, 管紗 vt.抓住

copyright n.版權, 著作權

correlate vt.使相互關聯 vi.和...相關

costume n.裝束, 服裝

cosy adj.舒適的, 安逸的coupon n.息票, 商家的優待券

courtyard n.庭院, 院子

credential n.外交使節所遞的國書, 信任壯

curb n.路邊 cyberspace n.電腦空間

D

damn v.database n.數據庫, 資料庫

daytime n.白天, 日間

dean n.(大學)院長, 主持牧師,(基督教)教長

deduct vt.扣除, 演繹

delegate n.代表 vt.委派...為代表

delete vt.刪除

denounce vt.公開指責, 公然抨擊, 譴責

dental adj.牙齒的dentist n.牙科醫生

dilute v.沖淡, 變淡, 變弱, 稀釋 adj.淡的, 弱的, 稀釋的discourse n.演講, 論述, 論文, 講道, 談話, 談論 vi.談論, 演說

discreet adj.小心的, 慎重的, 有思慮的, 賢明的discrepancy n.相差, 差異, 矛盾

disposition n.部署

disrupt v.使中斷, 使分裂, 使瓦解, 使陷于混亂, 破壞

dissipate v.驅散,(使)(云、霧、疑慮等)消散, 浪費(金錢或時間)distill vt.蒸餾, 提取 vi.滴下

divert v.轉移, 轉向, 使高興

dividend n.被除數, 股息, 紅利, 額外津貼, 獎金, 年息

divine adj.神的, 神圣的, 非凡的, 超人的, 非常可愛的 n.牧師

dwarf n.矮子, 侏儒 v.(使)變矮小

E

ebb n.退, 弱, 退潮, 衰落 vi.潮退, 衰退

eccentric adj.古怪 n.行為古怪的人

edible adj.可食用的ego n.自我, 利已主義, 自負

elapse vi.(時間)過去, 消逝 v.流逝

elderly adj.過了中年的, 稍老的eligible adj.符合條件的, 合格的

eminent adj.顯赫的, 杰出的, 有名的, 優良的endow v.捐贈, 賦予

entail vt.使必需, 使蒙受, 使承擔, 遺傳給 n.限定繼承權

entity n.實體

envisage v.正視

escalate vi.逐步升高, 逐步增強 vt.使逐步上升

escort n.護衛(隊), 護送, 陪同(人員), 護衛隊 v.護衛, 護送, 陪同

esteem vt.把...看作, 尊敬, 尊重, 認為 n.尊敬, 尊重

ethnic adj.人種的, 種族的, 異教徒的evade v.規避, 逃避, 躲避

excel v.優秀, 勝過他人

excerpt n.vt.摘錄, 引用 exile n.放逐, 充軍, 流放, 流犯, 被放逐者 vt.放逐, 流放, 使背井離鄉

exotic adj.異國情調的, 外來的, 奇異的

exquisite adj.優美的, 高雅的, 精致的, 劇烈的, 異常的, 細膩的, 敏銳的F

fabulous adj.寓言中的, 寓言般的, 神話般的, 傳統上的, 驚人的, 難以置信的fairy n.仙女, 精靈, <美俚>漂亮姑娘 adj.仙女的

fake n.假貨, 欺騙 adj.假的 vt.偽造, 贗造, 捏造, 假造, 仿造 vi.偽裝

fantasy n.幻想, 白日夢

feat n.技藝, 功績, 武藝, 壯舉, 技藝表演 adj.漂亮的, 合適的federation n.同盟, 聯邦, 聯合, 聯盟

fisherman n.漁民, 漁夫

fore adj.在前部的, 以前的ad v.在前面, 在船頭 n.前部, 船頭prep.在前

format n.開本, 版式, 形式, 格式 vt.安排...的格局(或規格), 格式化(磁盤)

foul adj.污穢的, 邪惡的, 骯臟的, 淤塞的, 惡劣的 vt.弄臟, 妨害, 污蔑, 犯規, 淤塞 vi.腐爛, 犯規, 纏結 n.犯規, 纏繞ad v.違反規則地, 不正當地

fraud n.欺騙, 欺詐行為, 詭計, 騙子, 假貨

fridge n.電冰箱

fume n.(濃烈或難聞的)煙, 氣體, 一陣憤怒(或不安)v.用煙熏, 冒煙, 發怒

futile adj.瑣細的, 無用的, 無效果的,(人)沒有出息的G

garlic n.大蒜,(Akkuyn sadtium), 蒜頭

gender n.性, <口>性別, 性, 性交

genetic adj.遺傳的, 起源的giggle v.哈哈地笑 n.傻笑

goods n.貨物, <美俚>工具

gorgeous adj.華麗的, 燦爛的gown n.長袍, 法衣, 禮服, 睡袍

graphic adj.繪畫似的, 圖解的grope v.n.摸索

guideline n.方針

guitar n.吉他, 六弦琴 vi.彈吉他

gut n.內臟,(幽門到直腸間的)腸子, 勇氣, 劇情, 內容, 肚子, 內臟, 海峽 vt.取出內臟, 摧毀(房屋等的)內部裝置

guy n.家伙, 人

H

habitat n.(動植物的)生活環境, 產地、棲息地, 居留地, 自生地, 聚集處

harassment n.折磨

harsh adj.粗糙的, 荒蕪的, 苛刻的, 刺耳的, 刺目的heave v.舉起 n.舉起

herb n.藥草, 香草

hierarchy n.層次層級

hike v.遠足, 飛起, 步行 n.遠足, 增加

hip n.臀, 薔薇果, 憂郁 adj.熟悉內情的 vt.使憂郁, 給（屋頂）造屋脊int.喝彩聲

hop v.單腳跳,(鳥, 蛙等)跳躍 n.蛇麻草 hound n.獵犬 vt.帶獵犬狩獵, 卑鄙的人, 追捕, 激勵, 使追逐

housing n.供給住宅, 住宅群, 機架, 住房供給

howl v.嚎叫, 怒吼, 嚎啕大哭, 喝住, 號叫 n.嚎叫, 怒號, 嚎哭

hum v.嗡嗡叫, 哼 n.嗡嗡聲, 吵雜聲

humiliate v.羞辱, 使丟臉, 恥辱

hurl n.<俚>用力或猛烈的投擲 vt.用力投擲, 憤慨地說出, 丟下, 推翻 vi.猛投, 猛擲

hurricane n.颶風, 狂風

I

idiot n.白癡, 愚人, 傻瓜

ignorance n.無知, 不知

illusion n.幻想

impart vt.給予(尤指抽象事物), 傳授, 告知, 透露

incentive n.動機 adj.激勵的indulge v.縱容

inference n.推論

infrastructure n.下部構造, 基礎下部組織

inhale vt.吸入 vi.吸氣

inhibit抑制, 約束, 抑制

installment n.部分

instrumental adj.儀器的, 器械的, 樂器的intelligible adj.可理解的interface n.分界面, 接觸面, 界面

INTERNET=Interactive Network Analysis 交互式網絡分析

intimidate v.脅迫

intrigue n.陰謀, 詭計 vi.密謀, 私通 vt.激起...的興趣, 用詭計取得

intrinsic adj.(指價值、性質)固有的, 內在的, 本質的intrude vi.闖入, 侵入 vt.強擠入, 把(自己的思想)強加于人

invariable n.不變的, 永恒的 adj.不變的, 不變量

inventory n.詳細目錄, 存貨, 財產清冊, 總量

inverse adj.倒轉的, 反轉的 n.反面 v.倒轉

irony n.反話, 諷刺, 諷刺之事

irrigate vt.灌溉, 修水利, 沖洗傷口, 使潮濕 vi.進行灌溉

isle n.小島, 島 vt.使成為島嶼 vi.住在島嶼上

J

judicial adj.司法的, 法院的, 公正的, 明斷的junk n.垃圾, 舢板

K

kin n.家屬(集合稱), 親戚, 同族, 血緣關系, 家族 adj.有親屬關系的, 性質類似的, 同類的kit n.成套工具, 用具包, 工具箱, 成套用具

L

lapse n.失誤, 下降, 流逝, 喪失, 過失 v.失檢, 背離, 墮入, 流逝, 失效, 下降

laptop膝上型電腦

layoff n.臨時解雇, 操作停止, 活動停止期間, 失業期 lease n.租借, 租約, 租賃物, 租期, 延續的一段時間 vt.出租, 租出, 租得

legacy n.遺贈(物), 遺產(祖先傳下來)legislation n.立法, 法律的制定(或通過)legitimate adj.合法的, 合理的, 正統的 v.合法

levy n.征收, 征稅, 征兵 v.征收, 征集, 征用

linear adj.線的, 直線的, 線性的linguistic adj.語言上的, 語言學上的literacy n.有文化，有教養，有讀寫能力

lofty adj.高高的, 崇高的, 高傲的, 高級的loom n.織布機, 織機 v.隱現, 迫近

lottery n.抽彩給獎法

lure v.引誘

M

magistrate n.文職官員, 地方官員

maiden n.少女, 處女 adj.未婚的, 純潔的, 處女的, 無經驗的majesty n.最高權威, 王權, 雄偉

malignant adj.惡性的mammal n.哺乳動物

manoeuvre n.策略, 調動 v.用策略, 調動, 演習,(敏捷地)操縱

marital adj.婚姻的

masculine adj.男性的, 男子氣概的, 陽性的 n.男子, 男孩

massacre n.殘殺, 大屠殺 v.殘殺, 集體屠殺

medieval adj.中世紀的, 仿中世紀的, 老式的, <貶>原始的meditate v.想, 考慮,(尤指宗教上的)沉思, 冥想

meditation n.沉思, 冥想

melody n.悅耳的音調

memo n.備忘錄

menace n.威脅, 危險物 v.恐嚇, 危及, 威脅

merely adv.僅僅, 只, 不過

merge v.合并, 并入, 結合, 吞沒, 融合metaphor n.隱喻, 暗喻, 比喻說話

metropolitan adj.首都的, 主要都市的, n.大城市人

militant adj.好戰的, 積極從事或支持使用武力的millionaire n.百萬富翁, 大富豪

missionary adj.傳教的, 傳教士的 n.傳教士

mob n.(集合詞)暴徒, 烏合之眾,(盜賊等的)一群 v.成群暴動, 聚眾滋擾

module n.模數, 模塊, 登月艙, 指令艙

momentum n.動力, 要素

monarch n.君主

motivate v.激發

mould n.肥土, 壤土, 霉, 模具 v.用土覆蓋, 發霉, 鑄造

mug n.杯子

mute n.啞巴, 啞音字母, 拒不答辯的被告, 弱音器 adj.啞的, 無聲的, 沉默的 vt.減弱...的聲音 vi.排泄 N

napkin n.餐巾, 餐巾紙, <英>尿布, <美>月經帶

narrative adj.敘述性的 n.敘述

necklace n.項鏈

nightmare n.夢魘, 惡夢, 可怕的事物

nineteen num.十九

norm n.標準, 規范

numerical adj.數字的, 用數表示的

nurture n.養育, 教育, 教養, 營養品 vt.養育, 給與營養物, 教養

O

obsession n.迷住, 困擾

obstruct v.阻隔, 阻塞, 遮斷(道路、通道等)n.阻礙物, 障礙物

opt vi.選擇

optimum n.最適宜 adj.最適宜的option n.選項, 選擇權, 買賣的特權

orientation n.方向, 方位, 定位, 傾向性, 向東方

outing n.外出, 旅行, 散步

outrage n.暴行, 侮辱, 憤怒 vt.凌辱, 引起...義憤, 強奸

oval adj.卵形的, 橢圓的 n.卵形, 橢圓形

overturn n.傾覆, 破滅, 革命 vt.推翻, 顛倒 vi.翻倒 n.翻轉, 毀滅

oxide n.氧化物

ozone n.新鮮的空氣, 臭氧

P

pact n.合同, 公約, 協定

panorama n.全景全景畫,全景攝影

pants n.褲子, 短褲

paperback n.平裝本, 紙面本

passerby n.過路人, 行人

pathetic adj.可憐的, 悲慘的patrol v.出巡, 巡邏 n.巡邏

patron n.(對某人, 某種目標, 藝術等)贊助人, 資助人

peer n.同等的人, 貴族 vi.凝視, 窺視 vt.與...同等, 封為貴族

permeate vt.彌漫, 滲透, 透過, 充滿 vi.透入

persevere v.堅持

pharmacy n.藥房, 藥劑學, 配藥業, 制藥業, 一批備用藥品

physiology n.生理學

pilgrim n.圣地朝拜者, 朝圣

plea n.懇求, 請求, 辯解, 藉口

plight n.情況, 狀態, 困境, 盟誓(婚姻)vt.保證, 約定

plumber n.水管工人

poke n.刺, 戳, 懶漢, 袋子 vt.戳, 捅, 撥開, 刺 vi.戳, 刺, 捅, 伸出, 刺探, 閑蕩

polar adj.兩極的, 極地的, 南轅北轍的, 南極的,(北極星似的)指引的, 極性的, 北極的 n.極線, 極面

ponder v.沉思, 考慮 portray v.描繪

poster n.海報, 招貼,(布告, 標語, 海報等的)張貼者

posture n.(身體的)姿勢, 體態, 狀態, 情況, 心境, 態度 v.令取某種姿勢, 擺姿勢, 作出姿態

practitioner n.從業者, 開業者

precedent n.先例

preclude n.排除

predecessor n.前輩, 前任,(被取代的)原有事物

pregnant adj.懷孕的, 重要的, 富有意義的, 孕育的

premise n.前提,(企業, 機構等使用的)房屋連地基 vt.提論, 預述, 假定 vi.作出前提

premium n.額外費用, 獎金, 獎賞, 保險費,(貨幣兌現的)貼水

prestige n.聲望, 威望, 威信

prone adj.傾向于

propaganda n.宣傳, 傳道總會

propel vt.推進, 驅使

prophet n.先知, 預言者, 提倡者

prose n.散文

prosecute vt.實行, 從事, 告發, 起訴 vi.告發, 起訴, 作檢察官

prosper v.成功, 興隆, 昌盛,(指上帝)使成功, 使昌隆, 繁榮

prosperity n.繁榮

prototype n.原型

prudent adj.謹慎的 Q

quest n.尋求

questionnaire n.調查表, 問卷

quota n.配額, 限額

R

radiant adj.發光的, 輻射的, 容光煥發的

rap n.叩擊, 輕拍, 輕敲, 斥責 vt.敲, 拍, 打, 厲聲說出, 斥責, 使著迷 vi.敲擊, 交談abbr.Rocket Assisted Projectile, 火箭助推炮彈

rape n.掠奪, 強奸, 葡萄渣, 油菜 vt.掠奪, 強奸

rash adj.輕率的, 匆忙的, 鹵莽的 n.皮疹

reassure vt.使...安心, 再保證, 使...恢復信心, 打消...的疑慮

recede v.后退

recipient adj.容易接受的, 感受性強的 n.容納者, 容器

reckless adj.不計后果的rectangle n.長方形, 矩形

recur vi.復發, 重現, 再來

recycle v.使再循環, 反復應用 n.再循環, 再生, 重復利用

redundant adj.多余的

refrain n.重復, 疊句, 副歌 vi.節制, 避免, 制止

refugee n.難民, 流亡者

refund v.退還, 償還 n.歸還, 償還額, 退款

relish n.意味 remnant n.殘余, 剩余, 零料, 殘跡 adj.剩余的, 殘留的renaissance n.復興, 復活, 新生, 文藝復興, 文藝復興時期

repertoire n.(準備好演出的)節目, 保留劇目,(計算機的)指令表, 指令系統, <美>(某個人的)全部技能

repression n.鎮壓, 抑制, 抑壓

restore vt.恢復, 使回復, 歸還, 交還, 修復, 重建

retention保持力

retort v.反駁, 反擊, 回報 n.曲頸甑, 曲頸瓶, 蒸器

retrieve v.重新得到 n.找回

retrospect n.回顧

revelation n.顯示, 揭露, 被揭露的事, 新發現, 啟示, 揭示

rigorous adj.嚴格的, 嚴厲的, 嚴酷的, 嚴峻的

riot n.**, 騷動,(植物, 疾病等)蔓延, 放蕩, 暴動 v.騷亂, 放縱, 揮霍, 參加騷動

rip v.撕, 剝, 劈, 鋸, 裂開, 撕裂 n.裂口, 裂縫

ritual n.典禮,(宗教)儀式, 禮節 adj.典禮的,(宗教)儀式的robust adj.精力充沛的S

salvation n.拯救, 救助

sanction n.批準, 同意, 支持, 制裁, 認可 v.批準, 同意, 支持, 鼓勵, 認可

sane adj.健全的sarcastic adj.諷刺的

saturate v.使飽和, 浸透, 使充滿

scandal n.丑行,丑聞,誹謗,恥辱,流言蜚語

scramble n.爬行, 攀緣, 搶奪, 混亂 vi.攀緣, 雜亂蔓延, 爭奪, 拼湊, 匆忙 vt.攀登, 攪亂, 使混雜

script n.手稿, 手跡, 劇本, 考生的筆試卷, 原本

scrutiny n.詳細審查

sculpture n.雕刻, 雕刻品, 雕塑, 雕塑品, 刻蝕 v.雕刻, 雕塑, 刻蝕

sector n.部分, 部門, 扇區, 地區, 象限, 扇形 v.使分成部分, 把...分成扇形

seemingly adv.表面上地

segregate v.隔離

selfish adj.自私的serial adj.連續的

setback n.頓挫, 挫折, 退步, 逆流,(疾病的)復發

shabby adj.破舊的, 襤褸的, 低劣的, 卑鄙的, 不公平的sham v.佯裝 n.偽品 adj.虛假的

shatter n.粉碎, 碎片, 落花(葉,粒等)vt.打碎, 使散開, 粉碎, 破壞 vi.粉碎, 損壞, 落葉

shorthand n.速記

shove n.<口>推, 擠 vt.<口>推擠, 猛推, 強使 vi.推

shrug n.聳肩 v.聳肩

shuttle n.往返汽車(列車、飛機), 航天飛機, 梭子, 穿梭 v.穿梭往返

siege n.包圍, 圍城, 長期努力, 不斷襲擊, 圍攻 v.包圍, 圍攻

sip v.吸吮

skeptical adj.懷疑性的,好懷疑的,<口>無神論的skim v.撇去 skull n.頭腦, 頭骨

slam v.砰地關上, 砰地放下, 猛力抨擊, 沖擊 n.砰, 猛擊, 撞擊, 沖擊

slaughter n.屠宰, 殘殺, 屠殺 v.屠宰, 殘殺, 屠殺

slogan n.口? 標語Lslot n.縫, 狹槽, 位置, 水溝, 細長的孔, 硬幣投幣口, 狹通道, 足跡 vt.開槽于, 跟蹤

slot n.縫, 狹槽, 位置, 水溝, 細長的孔, 硬幣投幣口, 狹通道, 足跡 vt.開槽于, 跟蹤

sneeze n.噴嚏 vi.打噴嚏

sniff v.用力吸, 嗅, 聞到, 發覺, 輕視, 用力吸氣 n.吸, 聞, 吸氣聲, 嗤之以鼻

soar v.高飛, 高叢, 滑翔, 劇增, 昂揚 n.高飛范圍, 高漲程度

sociable adj.好交際的, 友善的, 增進友誼的, 喜歡群居的sofa n.沙發

solidarity n.團結

solitary adj.孤獨的solo n.獨奏曲 adj.單獨的

sovereign n.君主, 統治 adj.至高無上的, 君主的, 獨立自主的, 完全的spacious adj.廣大的, 大規模的specialist n.專門醫師, 專家

spectrum n.光, 光譜, 型譜頻譜

spicy adj.加香料的, 出產香料的, 辛辣的, 有風味的spine n.脊骨, 書脊, 地面隆起地帶, 中心, 剌

spiral adj.螺旋形的 n.螺旋 v.盤旋

sponsor n.發起人, 主辦者, 保證人, 主辦人 vt.發起, 主辦 v.贊助

spouse n.配偶(指夫或妻)sprout v.萌芽 n.苗芽

stagger v.搖晃, 蹣跚, 交錯, 搖搖擺擺 adj.交錯的stalk n.莖, 柄, 梗, 稈

staple n.釘書釘, 釘, 主要產品(或商品), 原材料, 主要成分, 來源 adj.主要的, 常用的, 大宗生產的 v.把...分類, 把...分級

statute n.法令, 條例

steak n.(供煎, 烤等的)肉, 魚, 肉片, 魚片, 肉排, 牛排

stereotype n.鉛版, 陳腔濫調, 老套 vt.使用鉛版, 套用老套, 使一成不變

stiff adj.硬的, 僵直的, 拘謹的, 呆板的, 艱難的, 費勁的, 僵硬的strenuous adj.奮發的, 使勁的, 緊張的, 熱烈的, 艱辛發奮的strife n.斗爭, 沖突, 競爭

stroll n.漫步, 閑逛, 四處流浪 v.閑逛, 漫步, 跋涉于

stun vt.使暈倒, 使驚嚇, 打暈 n.暈眩, 打昏, 驚倒

subsidy n.補助金, 津貼

suffice vi.足夠, 有能力 vt.使滿足

suite n.(一批)隨員,(一套)家具, 套房, 套, 組, 組曲

summit n.頂點, 最高階層 adj.政府首腦的 vi.參加最高級會議的superstition n.迷信

surge n.巨涌, 洶涌, 澎湃 vi.洶涌, 澎湃, 振蕩, 滑脫, 放松 vt.使洶涌奔騰, 急放

susceptible adj.易受影響的, 易感動的, 容許...的 n.(因缺乏免疫力而)易得病的人

T tangle n.混亂狀態 v.處于混亂狀態

temperament n.氣質, 性情, 易激動, 急躁

texture n.(織品的)質地,(木材, 巖石等的)紋理,(皮膚)肌理,(文藝作品)結構

thigh n.大腿, 股

thrift n.節儉, 節約, 海石竹

toll n.通行稅(費), 費, 代價, 鐘聲 vt.征收, 敲鐘, 鳴(鐘)(特指宣布死亡), 勾引, 引誘 vi.征稅, 鳴鐘

torment n.痛苦 v.折磨

torture n.折磨, 痛苦, 拷問, 拷打 vt.拷問, 曲解, 折磨, 使彎曲

toxic adj.有毒的, 中毒的transcend vt.超越, 勝過

trash n.無價值之物, 無聊的作品, 垃圾, 廢物

tribe n.部落, 部族

trigger vt.引發, 引起, 觸發 n.板機

tropic n.(天球的)回歸線, 熱帶 adj.熱帶的tumour n.瘤, 腫瘤, 腫塊

U

underlie vt.位于...之下, 成為...的基礎

V

vein n.血管, 靜脈, 葉脈, 翅脈, 礦脈, 紋理, 性情, 心緒 vt.使成脈絡, 象脈絡般分布于

visa n.簽證 vt.簽準維薩信用卡

vocal adj.發嗓音的, 聲音的, 有聲的, 歌唱的 n.元音, 聲樂作品

vulgar adj.粗俗的, 庸俗的, 普通的, 通俗的, 本土的 n.<古>平民, 百姓

vulnerable adj.易受攻擊的, 易受...的攻擊

W

wardrobe n.衣柜, 衣廚, 衣室, 衣服, 行頭, 劇裝

weld vt.焊接 n.焊接, 焊縫

whale n.鯨 v.捕鯨

whatsoever pron.無論什么

wink n.眨眼, 使眼色, 瞬間,(星光等的)閃爍 vi.眨眼, 使眼色, 閃爍, 打信號, 假裝不見, 終止, 熄滅 vt.眨(眼)witch n.巫婆, 女巫, 迷人的女子 vt.施巫術, 迷惑

Y

youngster n.年青人, 少年

Z

zip一種程序壓縮的檔案文件格式 n.拉鏈 v.拉開或拉上

zoom n.急速上升, 陡直上升, 圖象電子放大, 縮放, 嗡嗡聲 vi.突然擴大, 急速上升, 攝象機移動 vt.使攝象機移動

四．大綱外詞匯

根據教育部的說法，考研是具有選拔功能的水平性考試。由于要選拔優秀人才，自然可以考到大綱以外的生詞。但是考生也不用擔心，根據大綱規定，超綱詞匯在歷年真題中不超過3%，而且絕大部分是相對超剛詞匯。

復習建??綴是考研大綱要求的，而組合方式是新的，則稱為相對超剛詞匯。只需要牢固掌握了詞根詞綴構詞法，這些單詞的意思也就可以自己猜出來了。例如：

大綱詞匯：proportion n.比例；privilege n.特權

disproportionately [2次] = dis(not)+ proportion + ate(動詞,形容詞)+ ly(副詞)adv.不成比例地

underprivileged [2次] = under(下面，欠缺)+ privilege + ed(過去分詞)a.無特權的，下層社會的

推薦詞根詞綴工具書：《英語詞匯的奧秘》 作者：蔣爭 中國廣播出版社

推薦考研詞匯書：《考研英語詞匯50天突破》作者：宋新、許楊 群言出版社

為什么背完了大綱詞匯還是拿不到高分？ 因為你不懂考研的隱形大綱。

第二個月內容：什么是考研隱性大綱？

在考研中存在一個悖論，即使很多考生把前面的大綱詞匯5500和超剛詞匯都背下來了，在考研中分數還是不理想。師哥師姐的教訓告訴我們，很多在四六級考試中取得高分（80分以上）的考生，在考研中卻60分不到。這是為什么呢？

因為考研還有四個隱性大綱，就像―隱形的翅膀（自從北大校長唱了這首歌，我就愛上了這首歌）左右著考研詞匯的難度，構成了考研詞匯隱形的絆腳石(invisible stumbling block)。

一.神奇的hyphen ―-‖

問：08年考研大綱中沒說要考，但每年都在考，1986—2007年共出現了約600個詞，平均每年約有27個，是什么詞？

答：由hyphen―-‖連接的合成詞，其中絕大部分都是復合形容詞，還有一小部分為復合名詞。

問：除了認識hyphen連接的復合詞，還有別的作用嗎？

答：除了認識以外，如果掌握了構詞方法，可以極大的豐富你的寫作詞語素材。例如：我希望坐上―比光速還快的‖飛船。護理行業是―女人統治的‖行業。我需要一些―緩解疼痛的‖藥物。

請問―‖中的表達方式，您都會嗎？也許你以前需要一個定于從句，但是現在只需要一個hyphen，一切都可以輕松解決。

faster-than-light spacecraft 比光速還快的飛船

women-dominated industry 女人統治的行業

pain-alleviating medicine 緩解疼痛的藥物

筆者總結了約200個考研常考的hyphen(-)連接的合成詞。

二.一詞多意

考研英語對詞匯深度的考查尤其體現在一詞多意，一詞多性。例如light這個基礎詞匯，很多同學只知道light n.光；而這個單詞在考研中出現了19次，考查的意思多達5種。

light/lighting/lighter(19次)

【熟義熟性】n.光，發光體，燈 Light-year 光年

【僻義僻性】lighting n.照明，照明設備，舞臺燈光

【真題例句】At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.[1996年Text3]

【經典譯文】與此同時，大城市的市政府也開始涉足實業界，為納稅人提供照明、電車及其它服務。

【僻義僻性】a.輕的

【僻義僻性】Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby(particularly a boy baby)surviving depended on its weight.A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death.[2000年閱讀Text2]

【經典譯文】50年前，嬰兒（尤其是男嬰）存活的幾率取決于體重，輕一公斤或重一公斤幾乎意味著必死無疑。

【僻義僻性】v.點燃

【真題例句】Light up the stove and you could burn down the house.[1999年閱讀Text1]【經典譯文】把爐子點燃后，你有可能把整座房子燒毀。

【常考短語】in the light of 按照, 根據, 當作 [近] according to

【真題例句】He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained.[2006年翻譯]

【經典譯文】他自覺地、清晰地、坦率地、探索這樣的問題：首先問事實問題，然后問到的問題，最后根據他掌握的事實和道德信息給出恰當的行為建議。

【常考短語】shed light on= cast light on [本意] 把燈光投射在…之上;[轉義] 詳細說明

【真題例句】A researcher has now __48__ the mystery of why the animals die.[1995年完形填空] [A] paid attention to [B] caught sight of [C] laid emphasis on [D] cast light on 【經典譯文】一名研究者現在已經揭開了動物死亡之謎。

【復合詞語】light-hearted 1)輕松愉快的;2)隨便的，掉以輕心的

【真題例句】Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.[2002年閱讀Text1]

【經典譯文】常常是你說話的方式使人發笑，因此說慢一些，并且記住揚揚眉毛或者露出一副不相信的表情都有助于顯示你在做輕松的評論。

lighter有三個意思：1)更輕，2）更亮；3）打火機

address在歷年真題中出現了10次，這是一個初中生都認識的詞匯，但是在歷年考研的歷年真題中考到了多個生僻的意思。

【熟義熟性】n.地址，通訊處

【僻義僻性之一】 v.致函，寫姓名地址；

【真題例句】Prior to his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter.[1986詞匯第3題] 【經典譯文】在離開之前，他給他女兒寫了一封信。

【僻義僻性之二】v.向……講話，致詞

【真題例句】Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.[2002年閱讀Text1] 【經典譯文】針對不同的聽眾，要談的問題也應該不同

【僻義僻性之三】vt.處理，解決問題

【真題例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are comprehensive programs that address the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形] 【經典譯文】《波士頓環球日報》記者克里斯“雷迪認為只有通過全面規劃來解決這些無家可歸者的各種需求，這種局面才有可能得到改善。

考研中常考的一詞多意約有100多個，筆者已經總結成精美的打印背誦版在考研詞匯班上發放。部分―一詞多意‖：

術語說明：

n.=noun名詞

a.=adj.形容詞

v.=verb.動詞

adv.=adverbial副詞

熟義：熟悉的意思

熟性：熟悉的詞性

僻義：生僻的意思

僻性：生僻的詞性

Process(54次)

【熟義熟性】n.過程，進程

【真題例句】 The costs of globalization process is enormous.[2001閱讀Text4,65題C選項] 【經典譯文】全球化進程的代價是巨大的。【僻義熟性】n.程序，方法

【真題例句】 Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work in truly extreme cases.（2003閱讀Text3）

【經典譯文】托運人如果覺得被索要高價，他們就可以向聯邦政府的路面運輸委員會申訴，以獲得價格減免。但這個程序費錢、費時，而且只有在極端情況下才可行。

【僻義僻性】vt.加工，處理

【真題例句】Playing video games encourages immediate content.And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way.[2007年閱讀新題型]

【經典譯文】玩計算機游戲可以獲得立即的滿足。連續看幾個小時的喜劇電視節目只能教會孩子消極的處理信息。

【辨析】process, procedure, proceedings.三個詞構詞方法相同pro向前+cess/ced/ceed(走)，所以意思也相近。

process使用最廣，包括一切自然的工程和人工的程序。

procedure指人為的辦事程序(強調步驟性)。

例：admission procedure入學手續； procedure of teaching教學步驟

proceedings含義最窄，指會議記錄(記錄會議的進展)和訴訟程序。

Economy(45次)【熟義熟性】n.經濟

【真題例句】 market-oriented economy市場經濟 [1994閱讀Text1] 【僻義熟性】n.經濟體，國家

【真題例句】 For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973.[2003閱讀Text3]

【經典譯文】富有國家生產一美圓的GDP（以不變價格計算），比1973年少使用50%的石油。

【僻義僻性】a.便宜的；經濟實惠的（補充）

An economy class air ticket is fit for ordinary workers, because it costs much less.【經典譯文】經濟艙機票對一般工作人員比較合適,因為它的價格要便宜得多。

【同源詞】economic(44次)a.經濟的，經濟學的

【真題例句】socio-economic status社會經濟地位[1991閱讀Text2] economical(2次)a.經濟的（強調節省錢和資源）；節約的

【真題例句】 the use of cars has proved to be more economical.[89閱讀Text 2, 19題D選項] 【經典譯文】使用小汽車被證明是更加節約的。

Practice(28次)【熟義熟性】n.練習

【真題例句】 Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effective organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities.[2007年閱讀新題型]

【經典譯文】孩子需要充分離線延遲滿足以及運用有效的組織技能，比如管理時間和分輕重緩急。

【熟義僻性】vt.練習

【真題例句】If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural[2002年閱讀Text1] 【經典譯文】如果表現幽默讓你覺得不自在，你就必須練習，這樣才能覺得自然。

【僻義熟性】n.慣例；常規；準則

【真題例句】Indeed, just as there is the concept of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles(GAAP), perhaps it is time for GASP, Generally Accepted Security Practices, suggested Eli Noam of New York’s Columbia Business School.[2007年閱讀新題型] 【經典譯文】紐約哥倫比亞商學院的伊利·諾姆建議說，的確，正如有公認的會計準則一樣，也許現在應該制定公認的安全準則了。

Benefit(25次)

【熟義熟性】n.好處，利益

【真題例句】 Either way, one benefit of a ―national‖ organization would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers.[2005年閱讀新題型]

【經典譯文】不管國家是何種含義，―國家‖機構的好處之一就是能夠通過談判從醫藥生產商哪里獲得更優惠的價格。

【僻義熟性】n.退休金，救濟金，保險費

【真題例句】 37.Corporations and labor unions have ________ great benefits upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public.[A] conferred [99年詞匯37題]

【經典譯文】公司和工會已經給它們的雇員、會員以及廣大公眾提供了許多福利待遇。

【僻義熟性】v.得益于(from, in)

【真題例句】What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition--if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents.[2000年閱讀Text5]

【經典譯文】奇怪的是他們或許已經從雄心壯志中受益匪淺――如果不是他們自己的雄心，那么就是他們父輩或祖父輩的雄心。

Argue(24次)

【熟義熟性】v.爭論，辯論

【真題例句】 The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.[1997年翻譯]

【經典譯文】關鍵問題是：如果對人的權利沒有共同認識，那么討論動物的權利就是毫無結果的。

【僻義熟性】v.認為，主張，論證；說服

【真題例句】 He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.[2005年閱讀Text4]

【經典譯文】不像其他大多數人，麥克沃特先生并不認為我們說話方式不規范就會造成我們的思維混亂。Climate(15次)

【熟義熟性】n.氣候;(氣候)地帶

【真題例句】 The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.[1998年閱讀Text4]

【經典譯文】逃離人口過度稠密區的做法改變了以前那種離開寒冷地帶去氣候宜人之地的趨勢。

【僻義熟性】n.風氣，社會思潮

【真題例句】 When the work is well done, a climate of accident-free operations is established where time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.[1999年完形]

【經典譯文】如果此項工作做得好的話，就會形成無事故作業的好風氣，因此那兒的因工傷事故所造成的時間損失就會被控制在最低限度。

Academic(10次)

【熟義熟性】a.學院的，學業的

【真題例句】 If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values.[1995年閱讀text4]

【經典譯文】如果學校對學業的強調減少一些，也許就有更多的時間教孩子更重要的價值觀念。

【僻義熟性】a.學術的

【真題例句】 Mr.McWhorter’s academic specialty is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of ―whom‖, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.[2005年閱讀4]

【經典譯文】麥克沃特先生的學術專長在于語言史和語言變化，舉例來說，他認為―whom‖一詞的逐漸消失是很自然的，并不比舊式英語中詞格的消失更讓人惋惜。

【僻義僻性】 n.學者，大學教師

【真題例句】 Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much ―reengineering‖ has been crude.[1998年閱讀text2]

【經典譯文】哈佛學者倫納德·施萊辛格是一家迅速擴張的美味面包店的前總裁，他說，許多―企業重組‖都不成熟。

【同源詞】academy學院，學會

National Academy of Science國家科學學院

Fuel(10次)

【熟義熟性】燃料，能源

【真題例句】Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.[2002年閱讀text3]

【經典譯文】節約能源，轉用其它燃料，以及重工業和高能耗工業重要性的降低，這三個因素使得石油消耗在減少。

【僻義僻性】提供燃料；火上澆油（聯想意義）

【真題例句】On anther level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide（醫生協助自殺）debated has been fueled in part by the despair of parents for whom the modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.[2002年閱讀text4]

【經典譯文】在另一方，父母們認為現代醫藥延長了奄奄一息的病人的身體痛苦。醫藥界的人也承認這些父母的絕望這給醫助自殺的討論火上澆油。

Address(10次)

【熟義熟性】n.地址，通訊處，致詞

【僻義僻性之一】 v.致函，寫姓名地址；

【真題例句】Prior to his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter.[1986詞匯第3題] 【經典譯文】在離開之前，他給他女兒寫了一封信。

【僻義僻性之二】v.向……講話；

【真題例句】Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.[2002年閱讀Text1] 【經典譯文】 針對不同的聽眾，要談的問題也應該不同。

【僻義僻性之三】v.處理，解決問題

【真題例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are comprehensive programs that address the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形]

【經典譯文】《波士頓環球日報》記者克里斯”雷迪認為只有通過全面規劃來解決這些無家可歸者的各種需求，這種局面才有可能得到改善。

Odd/Odds(9次)

【熟義熟性】a.奇怪的，奇特的 【近義詞】strange

【真題例句】 Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.[1998年翻譯]

【經典譯文】宇宙膨脹說雖然聽似奇特，但在科學上是似乎可信的結論，因為它是基本粒子物理學中一些公認的理論推理而來的。許多天體物理學家近十年來一直確信這一論說是正確的。

【僻義熟性之一】a.臨時的，不固定的 【近義詞】temporary

【真題例句】 Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety.[2007年閱讀Text4]

【經典譯文】信息保護過去一直是臨時的、低級的信息技術員的工作，并且只被諸如銀行、電信、航空這類擁有大量數據的行業所關注，而現在卻高高列在各行業老板的日程表上。

【僻義熟性之二】a.奇數的，不成對的 【反義詞】even 【例】an odd shoe.一只不成對的鞋

【僻義僻性】odds.n.可能性，概率

【真題例句】 Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent – and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance – have jumped eightfold in just one generation.[2007年閱讀Text3] 三.高頻短語

2008年考研英語大綱對于詞匯的要求是―考生應能掌握5500左右的詞匯以及相關詞組‖，我在附錄中找到5500個大綱詞匯，很遺憾卻找不到相關詞組。什么是相關詞組？在哪里去找呢？

毫無疑問，真題是最好的素材。既然大綱明確指出，相關詞組是考查的重點，所以考生就必須掌握。現根據往年真題，總結了730組最常考的詞組，供大家復習準備。

―考研高頻詞組730‖ ：

1.abide by(=be faithful to;obey)忠于；遵守。

2.absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被動語態):be absorbed in 全神貫注于…近:be engrossed in;be lost in;be rapt in;be concentrated on;be focused on;be centered on 3.(be)abundant in(be rich in;be well supplied with)富于,富有

4.by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely)安全地, 5.of one’s own accord(=without being asked;willingly;freely)自愿地 ,主動地

6.in accordance with(=in agreement with)依照,根據

7.on one’s own account

1)為了某人的緣故, 為了某人自己的利益

2)(=at one’s own risk)自行負責

3)(=by oneself)依靠自己

on account 賒賬;on account of 因為;on no account不論什么原因也不;of no/little account 不重要的.8.take…into account(=consider)把...考慮進去

9.give sb.an account of 說明, 解釋(理由)10.account for 1)解釋, 說明； 2)占…比例

11.on account of(=because of)由于,因為.12.on no account(=in no case, for no reason)絕不要,無論如何不要(放句首時句子要倒裝)13.accuse…of…(=charge…with;blame sb.for sth.;blame sth.on sb.;complain about)指控,控告

14.be accustomed to(=be in the habit of, be used to)習慣于.15.be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of)了解;(=to have met socially)熟悉

16.act on 奉行,按照…行動;act as 扮演;act for 代理

17.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己適應于

18.adapt…(for)(=make sth.Suitable for a new need)改編, 改寫(以適應新的需要)19.in addition(=besides)此外, 又, 加之

20.in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外

21.adhere to(=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief)粘附;堅持, 遵循

22.adjacent(=next to, close to)毗鄰的, 臨近的23.adjust..(to)(=change slightly)調節;適應;24.admit of(=be capable of, leave room for)…的可能，留有…的余地.25.in advance(before in time)預告, 事先.26.to advantage 有利的,使優點更加突出地.27.have an advantage over 勝過.have the advantage of 由于…處于有利條件

have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事

28.take advantage of(=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.29.agree with 贊同(某人意見)agree to 同意

30.in agreement(with)同意, 一致

31.ahead of 在…之前, 超過;ahead of time 提前.32.in the air 1)不肯定, 不具體.2)在謠傳中.33.above all(=especially, most important of all)尤其是, 最重要的.34.in all(=counting everyone or everything, altogether)總共, 總計

35.after all 畢竟,到底;(not)at all 一點也不;

all at once(=suddenly)突然;once and for all 只此一次;above all 最重要的;first of all 首先;all in all 大體上說;be all in 累極了;all but 幾乎.36.allow for(=take into consideration, take into account)考慮到, 估計到.37.amount to(=to be equal to)總計, 等于.38.answer for(undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for)對…負責.39.answer to(=conform to)適合,符合.40.be anxious about 為…焦急不安;或anxious for 41.apologize to sb.for sth.為…向…道歉

42.appeal to sb.for sth.為某事向某人呼吁.appeal to sb.對某人有吸引力

43.apply to sb.for sth.為…向…申請;apply for申請;apply to 適用.44.apply to 與…有關;適用

45.approve of(=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right)贊成, approve vt.批準

46.arise from(=be caused by)由…引起.47.arrange for sb./sth.to do sth.安排…做…

48.arrive on 到達;arrive at 到達某地(小地方);得出,作出;arrive in 到達某地(大地方);49.be ashamed of(=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth.done)以…為羞恥

50.assure sb.of sth.(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.)向…保證, 使…確信.51.attach(to)(=to fix, fasten;join)縛, 系 ,結

52.make an attempt at doing sth.(to do sth.)試圖做…

53.attend to(=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顧;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after)侍候,照料

54.attitude to/ toward …對…的態度.看法

55.attribute…to…(=to believe sth.to be the result of…)把..歸因于.., 認為..是..的結果

56.on the average(=on average, on an average)平均

57.(be)aware of(=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意識到,知道.58.at the back of(=behind)在…后面

59.in the back of 在…后部(里面);on the back of 在…后部(外面);be on one’s back(=be ill in bed)臥病不起.60.at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.)支持,維護;have sb.at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后臺

61.turn one’s back on sb.(=turn away from sb.in an impolite way)不理睬(某人),背棄,拋棄

62.behind one’s back 背著某人(說壞話)63.be based on / upon 基于

64.on the basis of 根據…, 在…基礎上

65.beat…at 在…運動項目上打贏

66.begin with 以…開始.to begin with(=first of all)首先, 第一(經常用于開始語)67.on behalf of(=as the representative of)以…名義

68.believe in(=have faith or trust in;consider sth./sb.to be true)相信,依賴,信仰.69.benefit(from)受益,得到好處.70.for the benefit of 為了…的利益(好處)71.for the better 好轉

72.get the better of(=defeat sb.)打敗, 勝過.73.by birth 在出生上,論出身,按血統 at birth 在出生時;give birth to 出生

74.blame sb.for sth.因…責備某人.blame sth.on sb.把…推在某人身上

75.in blossom開花(指樹木)be in blossom開花(強調狀態)come into blossom開花(強調動作)76.on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火車或飛機

77.boast of(or about)吹噓

78.out of breath 喘不過氣來

79.in brief(=in as few words as possible)簡言之

80.in bulk 成批地,不散裝的81.take the floor 起立發言

82.on business 出差辦事.83.be busy with sth.于某事;be busy doing sth.忙于做某事

84.last but one 倒數第二.85.but for(=without)要不是.表示假設

86.buy sth.for…money 用多少錢買

87.be capable of 能夠, 有能力

be capable of being +過去分詞:是能夠被…的

88.in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens;anyhow)無論如何

89.in case(=for fear that)萬一;

90.in case of(=in the event of)如果發生…萬一;in the case of 至于…, 就…而言

91.in no case在任何情況下都不(放句首倒裝句)92.be cautious of 謹防

93.center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on)把某人的注意力集中在…上

94.be certain of(=be sure of)有把握, 一定.95.for certain of(=for sure)肯定地,有把握地

96.by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然

97.for a change換換環境(花樣等)98.charge sb.with …控告某人犯有…

99.in charge of(=responsible for)負責(某事);in the charge of …由…管

100.take charge of(=to be or become responsible for)負責管理(照顧)101.charge…for 因…索取(費用);charge sb.with sth.控告某人犯有… 102.round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping)晝夜不停地

103.comment on 評論 104.commit oneself to 使自己承擔… commit sb.to prison把某人送進監獄;commit one’s idea to writing 把某人的想法寫下來;commit a matter to a committee 把某事交給委員會討論

105.in common(和…)有共同之處,共用.be common to sb.是與某人所共有的

106.keep company with(=be friendly and go out together)和…要好.107.compare…with … 把…與…比較

108.compare…to… 把…比作… 109.by comparison 比較起來

110.in comparison with(=in contrast to)和…比起來

111.compensate for(=give sth.to make up for)補償, 賠償,彌補 compensate sb.for sth.賠償,彌補

112.complain of(or about)抱怨;訴苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情;complain to sb.about sth.(or sb.)向某人抱怨…;complain(抱怨);complement(補充);compliment(恭維)

113.comply with(=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.)遵守, 依從

114.conceive of(think of, imagine, consider)想象,設想

115.concentrate on(or upon)集中,專心

116.be concerned with(=about)與…有關

117.concern oneself about / with 關心

118.in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一點;at the conclusion of 當…結束時;119.condemn sb.to 判決

120.on condition that(=if)以…為條件, 假如;in that = because 因為;now that = since 既然;for all that = although 盡管

121.in / out of condition(=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit)健康狀況好/不好;in good(bad)condition處于良好(壞)狀態

122.confess(to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth.wrong)承認, 供認;confess to a crime 承認罪行.123.confide in(=to talk freely to sb.about one’s secret)對…講真心話, 依賴

124.in confidence 推心置腹地;with confidence 滿懷信心地;have confidence in 對…有信心

125.confidence in sb./ sth.對…的信賴

126.be confident of 有信心;confidential 機密的

127.confine…to… 把…限制在某范圍內

128.confirm sb.in 使某人更堅定(信念等)

129.conform to(=be in agreement with, comply with)符合,遵照,遵守;1)obey服從;2)observe;3)comply with照…辦;4)keep to遵循;5)abide by服從;6)stick to按..做

130.be confronted with(=be brought face to face with)面對, 面臨

131.congratulate sb.on 祝賀

132.in connection with(=with regard to)關于, 133.be conscious of(=be aware of)覺察,知道

134.consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意

135.in consequence(=as a result)結果

136.in consequence of(=as a consequence of)由于…的結果

137.under consideration 在考慮中

138.in consideration of(=in return for, on account of, because of)由于

139.on no consideration(in no case)無論如何也不 145.take…into consideration(=take account of, take…into account)考慮到, 把…考慮進去

146.considerate(=thoughtful of the needs)體貼的, 考慮他人需要的, considerable相當大的,值得考慮的147.consist of(=be composed of)由…組成的.consist in主要在于.consist with符合,與…一致

148.be consistent with(=be in agreement with)與…一致.be consistent in一貫的, 149.consult sb.on/ about sth.向…征求…方面的意見, 就…向…請教

150.to one’s heart’s content盡情地,痛痛快快

151.be content with(=be satisfied with)滿足于be content to do sth.愿意做某事

152.contrary to(=in opposition to)與…相反

153.on the contrary 相反

154.contrast…with 把…與…相對(對照)

155.in contrast to/with 和…形成對比;by contrast 對比之下

156.contribute to 有助于

157.under control(被)控制住 out of control無法控制

158.at one’s convenience(=where and when it suits one)在方便的時間或地點;be convenient to / for 對…方便

159.convince sb.of(=cause sb.to believe or feel certain;to persuade sb.)使某人確信,try to persuade sb.to do sth.勸說某人做…

160.cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)應付, 處理

161.in the corner(of)在角落里;on(at)the comer of a street在街道拐彎處;round the comer拐過彎;be in a tight corner陷入困境

162.correspond(with)(=exchange letters regularly)通信

163.correspond to 相當于.correspond with 符合,一致

164.at all costs不惜任何代價.at the cost of 以…為代價

165.a matter of course 理所當然的事

166.as a matter of course 當然地, 自然地

167.in(during)the course 在…過程中

168.in due course(=without too much delay)沒經過太久, 到一定時候

169.on credit賒購;with credit以優異成績;to one’s credit使某人感到光榮;do sb.credit 使…感到光榮

170．be critical of 愛挑毛病的，批評的171.cure sb.of+某種疾病 治好某人的疾病

172．a danger to對…的危險;be in danger(of)處于…危險中;be out of danger脫離危險

173.to date(=so far, until now)到目前為止

174.out of date過時的；up to date新式的,時興的;date back to可追溯到;date from從某時期開始(有)175.deal with(=concern)論及

176.be in debt to sb.欠…的債

177.on the decline 在衰退中, 在減少中

in decline 下降;on the increase 在增加

178.to one’s delight 令某人感到高興;to one’s regret 遺憾;sorrow悲痛;relief 安心;distress 苦惱;shame羞愧;surprise 驚奇;astonishment 驚奇;

179.delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜歡, 取樂

180.take(a)delight in 喜歡干…, 以…為樂

181.demand sth.of sb.向某人要求(非物質的)東西.demand sth.from sb.向某人要求(物質的)東西

182.in demand有需求;on demand受到要求時

183.be dependent on 依靠 184.deprive sb.of sth.剝奪某人某物

185.derive…from(=obtain…from)從…取得,由…來的.derive from(=come from)起源于

186.despair of(=lose all hope of)絕望

187.in despair 絕望

188.despite(=in spite of)不管, 盡管

189.in detail 詳細地

190.deviate from 偏離, 不按…辦

191.on a diet 吃某種特殊飲食, 節食

192.differ from…in 與…的區別在于… 193.in difficulties…有困難,處境困難，194.discharge sb.(from)…for(=dismiss sb.from a job for)因…解雇, 開除

195.fall back(=retreat, turn back)撤退;in disorder 慌亂地, 狼狽不堪

196.on display(=being shown publicly)陳列

197.dispose of(=get rid of ,throw away)處理掉

198.beyond dispute不容爭議的,無可爭議

199.in dispute 在爭議中

200.in the distance 在遠處.make out 辯認出

201.(be)distinct from(= be different from)與…截然不同

202.distinguish between(=make or recognize differences)辨別

203.distinguish…from 把…與…區別開

204.do away with(=get rid of;abolish;discard eliminate)除去,廢除,取消;do away with(=kill)殺掉, 鎮壓

205.have…to do with 與…有關系

206.without doubt(=undoubtedly)無可置疑地

207.in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty)對…表示疑惑

208.be due to 是由于

209.come off duty 下班

210.go on duty 上班

211.be on duty 值班, 值日, 在上班時

212.be in duty bound to(do)(=be required by one’s job or esp.by conscience)有義務(做)213.be eager for 想得到, 盼望

214.by ear(=play music from memory without having seen it printed)憑記憶,不看樂譜

215.have an ear for(=have keen recognition of sounds esp.in music and language)對..有鑒賞力

216.a word in one’s ear 私房話, 秘密話

217.on earth 究竟, 到底, 全然

218.with ease(= easily)容易, 不費力

219.at(one’s)ease(= without worry or nervousness)自在,不拘束

220.put sb.at his / her ease(=free sb.from worry or nervousness)使某人感到無拘束

221.economize on(=save sth.instead of being wasteful)節省

222.have an effect on 對…有影響

223.be in effect(=be in operation)有效

224.go into effect 生效.(近: come into effect;take effect;be brought into effect)225.in effect(=in fact, really)實際上 226.give effect to(=carry out)實行,使…生效

227.to no effect 不起作用,沒有取得任何效果

228.(be)of no effect(=useless)無效

229.to the effect that 大意是…,主要內容是… 230.to that effect 是那個意思的…

231.emerge from(=appear, become known)出現, 暴露(問題.意見等)232.place(or put, lay)an emphasis on 強調, 把重點放在…上

233.encourage sb.in 鼓勵;encourage sb.in his/her work 鼓勵某人工作;encourage sb.in his/her idleness 慫恿某人游手好閑

234.encourage sb.in …with sth.用…鼓勵某人做某事

235.on end(=continuously)連續地

236.(be)at an end(=finished)結束了

237.no end of(=very many/much)很多,大量

238.in the end(=finally, eventually)最終

239.at one’s wit’s end(=not knowing what to do or to say)無法可想, 智窮計盡

240.end up with 以…而結束

241.come to and end(=finish)結束

242.end in 以…為結束

243.engage in 或 be engaged in 忙于,從事

244.enter for(=put the name on a list for)報名參加

245.enter into(=begin)開始(談話, 談判等)

246.enter on / upon(=begin)開始(一個時代.一種生涯.一段任期等)247.be entitled to(=be given the right to do sth.)有權…,有資格… 248.be equal to 等于

249.be/ feel equal to(=have enough strength, ability etc.)(某人)能勝任,能應付

on equal terms(=on and equal footing)平等地

250.be equipped with 裝備有,裝有

251.(be)equivalent to(=equal in value, amount, meaning)相等于, 相當于

252.in essence(=in its/one’s nature)本質上

253.at all events(=in spite of everything, in any case)不論怎樣, 無論如何

254.in any event(=whatever happens in the future)無論如何, 不管(將來)怎么樣

255.in the event that(=if)假如, 如果.in the event 結果, 實際情況是(常與but連用)256.in the event of(=in case of)萬一,即使發生..時

257.except 除…以外;besides 除…以外還有..258.except(=but)除了。

259.except for(=apart from)除…以外

260.(an)exception to …的例外

261.with the exception of(=except, apart from)除去…., 除…以外

262.in excess of(=more than)超過

263.exchange…for 以…交換

264.exclusive of(=not taking into account;without)不包括

265.in excuse of 作為…的借口

266.exert…on… 對…施加… 267.exert oneself to do sth.努力,使勁

268.come into existence(=begin to exist)開始存在;come into use開始使用;come into effect開始運轉;come into fashion開始時新;come into action開始行動;come into power開始執政;come into sight進入視野;come into blossom開花;269.(be)in existence存在 come into existence 出現

270.expect…of 在…期望…

271.at the expense of在損害…情況下,以…為犧牲

272.expose…to…使暴露于…, 使…受(危險,風險)273.be exposed to… 面臨…, 受到….274.beyond expression(=in a manner that cannot be expressed)無法形容, 說不出的275.give expression to 表達, 表現;find expression in 表現

276.to …extent 在…程度上

277.in the extreme(= extremely)極其

278.look sb.in the eye 正視, 打量(某人)279.close(shut)one’s eyes to不理會,視而不見

280.in one’s mind’s eye 在心目中, 在想象中

281.in the twinkling of an eye 一眨眼,轉眼間

282.keep an eye on(=keep a watch on)照看,監視

283.in the eyes of in one’s eyes(= in the judgment of)在某人看來, 在某人眼里

284.on the face of it(=judging by what one can see)表面看來

285.in the face of 面對著(困難等情況)

286.in one’s face當著某人的面;face to faced面對面;face up to 大膽面向

287.fail in(=be unsuccessful in)失敗

288.in good faith(=honestly, sincerely)真誠地

289.keep faith with 對…守信用

290.lose faith in 對…失去信心

291.on faith 毫無懷疑地, 依賴地

292.faithful to(=loyal to)對…忠誠

293.fall into the habit(of)養成…習慣

294.fall short of(=fail to reach a desired result, standard, etc.)沒達到, 低于

295.familiar with 熟悉,了解

296.have a fancy for(=like sth.without the help of reason)(沒有道理地)喜歡, 想要

297.take a fancy to(=become fond of)喜歡

298.by far 遠, 非常(與比較級或最高級連用)299.far from 遠遠不是

300.far from 非但不…(而且)

301.in fashion(=stylish, most modern)時興,流行

302.after the fashion(of)依照…

303.find fault with(=complain about;criticize)找毛病，對…吹毛求疵

304.at fault(=in the wrong, blamable)有錯

305.in favour of 贊成

306.be in favour with 受寵, 受偏愛;out of favour with 失寵, 不受寵

307.in one’s favour(=to one’s advantage)對.有利 308.(be)favourable to(=advantageous)有利的

309.fear for(=be afraid for the safety of sb.or sth.)為…擔心

310.for fear of(=in case of;because of anxiety about)以防, 由于怕

311.in fear of(=afraid for the safety of)擔心

312.feed(sb.)on sth.靠吃…, 用…喂養

313.be fed up with(=be unhappy, tired about sth.dull)厭煩, 膩了

314.feel like(=have a desire for)想要

315.fill in 填寫

316.fill out(=fill in)填寫

317.set the world on fire=set the flames on fire(=do sth.remarkable)有突出成就

318.play with fire(=take great risks)干冒險事

319.set sth.on fire(=set fire to sth.)使..著火,放火

320.at first sight(=when first seen)乍一看,一見

321.for the first time 第一次(作狀語)322.in the first place 首先, 第一

323.fit into 剛好放入

324.fit in with(= suit , fall into agreement)合適, 相配, 一致

325.(be)fit for(=right and suitable for)適合

326.focus on(=concentrate on)集中在…;focus sth.on 把…集中在…上

327.be fond of 喜歡

328.(be)in force 有效 , 實施

329.go into force 開始生效

330.by force 靠武力, 強行

331.force…on 把…強加給… 332.in the form of 以…形式

333.be fortunate in 幸運,有好運氣

334.free of charge 免費

335.be freed from 免受, 沒有…

336.in front of 在…前面;in the front of 在…前部

337.furnish…with(=supply)向…提供

338.in general(=in most cases, usually)通常

339.catch(or get)a glimpse of 瞥見(強調結果)take a glance(or look)at看一眼(強調動作)340.be good for 對…有好處;對…有作用;be good at 擅長于;be good to 對…好

341.in good time(=early)早早地(做完.到達等)342.for good(=for ever)永遠地, 長期地

343.take…for granted(=assume to be true)把…認為理所當然的.344.be grateful to sb.for sth 因…感謝某人

345.on the ground(s)fo(=because of)由于… 346.fall to the ground(計劃.希望等)失敗,落空

347.on one’s guard(against)謹防, 警惕;(be)on guard 站崗

348.guard against(=defend, keep safe)警惕,防止 guard…against 警衛…防止

349.guess at 猜, 估計

350.by guess 靠猜 351.be guilty of 犯有…罪或過失

352.be in the habit of習慣于

353.break off(a habit)改掉(某種習慣)354.break sb.of(a habit)使某人改掉(某習慣)355.get(fall)into the habit of養成了…的習慣

356.come to a halt(=stop)停止;停住

357.at hand 在手邊, 眼前(附近)358.by hand 用手工(做)

359.hand in glove(with)狼狽為奸, 密切合作

360.in hand 1)在手邊 2)(=under control)控制住

361.in the hands of 由…掌握, 控制, 負責

362.live from hand to mouth勉強度日,現掙現吃

363.at the head of 在…的前頭

364.head for(=move towards)向…方向前進

365.hear of(=know about)聽人說起, 聽說過

366.at heart(=in reality)內心里, 實際上

367.in one’s heart(of hearts)內心深處,事實上

368.by heart(=by memory)熟記, 背(誦)369.to one’s heart’s content 盡情地

370.with all one’s heart全心全意地,真心實意

371.hinder…form(=stop…from)阻礙,使..不能做

372.be(go)on holiday 在(去)度假;go on holiday = go for a holiday

373.be(feel)at home(=to be comfortable;not feel worried)感覺合適，無拘束，熟悉

374.be honest in誠實

375.in one’s honour(or in honour of)祝賀,紀念

376.on one’s honour 以某人的名譽擔保

377.hope for 希望(某事發生),希望有

378.to one’s horror 令某人感到恐懼的是

379.in a hurry(=hastily)匆忙地

380.be identical with(=exactly alike)和完全相同

381.be identified with 被視為與…等同

382.in ignorance of 不知道…

383.be ignorant of(= lacking knowledge)對…不了解,不知道

384.(an)impact(on)對…的強烈影響

385.impose…on 把…強加給

386.impress…on 給…留下印象

387.make(leave)an impression on sb.=give sb.an impression 給…留下印象

388.under the impression that有..的印象,認為

389.improve sth.(make sth.better)把原物改進;improve on(=produce or be sth.better than…)另做一物比原物更好

390.improve in(=get better)有改進, 好些

391.improvement in 表示原物有改進,好轉

392.include…in 把…列在…里面

393.inclusive of 把…包括在內 394.independent of 獨立的,不受約束的395.indicative of 表明, 說明

396.be indifferent to(=not interested in)對…漠不關心, 冷淡, 不在乎

397.(be)inferior to(=less good in quality or value)比…差;superior to比…好

398.inform sb.of sth.通知, 告訴

399.be innocent of 無罪的,無辜的400.insist on(=order sth.to happen)堅持要

401.instead of(=in place of)代替，而不是… 402.instruct…in(=teach)教.指導.訓練某人…

403.insure…for 把…保險(多少錢);ensure 使安全;assure…(of)使…確信,保證

404.insure…against 保險…以防

405.intend…for 打算把…給

406.(be)intent on 專心致志, 堅決

407.in the interests of 符合…的利益;be interested in 對…感興趣

408.interfere in干涉, interfere with打攪,干擾

409.at intervals 每隔一會兒, 每隔一段距離

410.intervene in 干預

411.invest in 投資

412.be involved in(=become connected or concerned)卷入, 參加

413.by itself(=alone, without help)單獨地,靠自己

414.in itself 本身;of itself 自發,自然

415.be jealous of 妒忌

416.jump at(=to be eager to accept)搶著接受, 417.jump on(=scold, tell of)叱責

418.junior to sb.年紀較…輕, 職位較…低.419.(be)keen on 喜愛, 渴望

420.keep a close watch on(=keep a sharp lookout for)密切注視

第五篇：2013年考博英語復習經典經驗總結

考博英語復習經典經驗總結

引導語：到了考博這個階段，通常情況下，同學們的語法有一定的基礎，考博的重點是詞匯，有研究證明：一個單詞需要8次記憶才可以記住，而且記憶的規律是先快后慢，應了有的同學的話，記的快也忘的快。單詞的記憶方法很多，關鍵在于要堅持。

1、聽力：水平差的同學至少要有3個月的準備時間。聽力要選用與考試水平一致的材料復習。聽的過程：一盤磁帶聽爛為止。標準：能夠聽得懂內容，并且能夠寫下來所聽到的內容。這個階段需要1－2個月，且每天需要2個小時左右，才可以達到此種聽力的狀態。

對于發音不太準確的同學，可跟讀同水平的磁帶。跟讀有兩個階段：第一階段看著原文跟讀；第二階段完全跟讀。跟讀熟練之后，還需要能夠寫下聽到的內容 任何一種語言都可以用以上方法提高聽力水平，也可提高口語水平。

2、閱讀理解：水平越高的英語考試，閱讀部分的長難句就會增加。所以解決長難句，閱讀問題就迎刃而解。同時，在閱讀部分可以解決詞匯問題。在復習階段做同水平考試的英語閱讀題，必須清楚每個句子的句子結構和陌生的詞（發音、詞性）。解決這些問題，沖刺階段的復習和最后的考試奠定堅實的基礎。閱讀部分越早著手越好。實際上考博的同學都有一定的閱讀水平，相對于考博，這是有針對性的方法

3、完形填空：就目前國內考博的完形填空，都是四選一的考試方式，所以這部分不難。市面上買的練習冊做做就可以應付考試了。但是如果是open cloze，難度就大了。要掌握篇章布局、句子結構（語法、時態）、同義詞的掌握，重要的還要學會找相關信息。想練習open cloze，看pets5的資料就可以

4、寫作：主要考查應用英語的能力，有基本的英語水平加上一本雅思寫作，寫作就不在話下了。想取得寫作高分，就要提前準備。當然，寫作是可以突擊的。考前參加一個四六級的寫作輔導，再用一個月時間練習就可以了。

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