第一篇:感恩節的由來 中英文
感恩節的由來 中英文
感恩節的由來
The origin of Thanksgiving
感恩節(Thanksgiving Day),美國和加拿大節日,由美國首創的,原意是為了感謝印第安人,后來人們常在這一天感謝他人。自1941年起,感恩節是在每年11月的第四個星期四,在這一天起將休假兩天,都要和自己的家人團聚,不管多忙(有些特殊崗位除外)都是如此。感恩節在每年11月22-28日之間,感恩節是美國國定假日中最地道、最美國式的節日,加拿大的感恩節則起始于1879年,是在每年10月第二個星期一,與美國的哥倫布日相同。
Thanksgiving(Thanksgiving Day),the United States and Canada Festival,pioneered by the United States,the original intention was to thank the Indians,and later people often thanks to others on this day.Since 1941,Thanksgiving Day is on the fourth Thursday of every November,on this day will be two days off,all want to go with his family,no matter how busy(except for some special positions)are so.Thanksgiving Day is on November 2228 day,Thanksgiving Day is a national holiday in the United States the most authentic,most American holiday,Thanksgiving Day in Canada was started in 1879,is the second Monday in October every year,and the United States the same day kolumb.節日由來
The origin
感恩節的由來要一直追溯到美國歷史的發端。1620年,著名的“五月花號”船滿載不堪忍受英國國內宗教迫害的清教徒102人到達美洲。1620年和1621年之交的冬天,他們遇到了難以想像的困難,處在饑寒交迫之中,冬天過后,活下來的移民只剩50來人。基于“來者是客”的信念與習俗,印第安人給這些移民送來了生活必需品,并且教導他們狩獵、捕魚和種植玉米、南瓜等等生存方法。在印第安人的幫助下,來自歐陸的新移民逐漸習慣了在當地的生存方式。在歡慶豐收的日子,歐陸新移民邀請印第安人一同感謝上天的賜予。在當前廣為人知的感恩節版本里,往往只強調雙方的友好關系以及歡樂慶賀的氣氛;但也有許多人指出,只一味強調感恩節的快樂以及友好對印第安人并不公平。因為這樣容易讓人們傾向忘記后續對印第安人的剝削與屠殺的歷史。許多人認為,美國第一個感恩節就是印第安人與新移民第一次齊聚感謝上天賜予的那一天。但是,對許多印第安人來說,這并不是第一次人們齊聚一堂感謝上天的經驗。對于一些新英格蘭的印第安人來說,他們早有感恩節慶的存在。這些印第安人一年舉行六次感恩節慶,他們依照不同時節舉行感恩的儀式。在秋季收成時節舉行的感恩儀式,對于這些印第安人來說,是他們一年中的第五次感恩節慶。一般人所知的“感恩節的由來”,事實上是第一次歐洲的新移民與印第安人一同感謝上天賜與的那一天,而非所謂“美國的第一個感恩節”。
The origin of thanksgiving to the United States of America history has been traced back to the beginning.In 1620,the famous “ May flower” ship loaded with unbearable the Britain domestic religious persecution Puritan arrived in America 102.1620 and 1621 at the turn of the winter,they met unimaginable difficulties,in suffer hunger and cold,winter,immigrants survived the only 50 people.Based on the“ guest” beliefs and customs,the Indians gave these immigrants brought the necessaries of life,and teach them to hunt,fish and corn,pumpkin and so on survival method.With the help of the American Indians,from European immigrants became accustomed to the local way of life.To celebrate the harvest date,European immigrants invited the Indians to thank God for giving.In the current version known as Thanksgiving,often emphasize the friendly relations between the two sides and joy celebrate atmosphere;but there are also many people point out,just blindly emphasizes a happy and friendly to the Indians did not fair.Because it is easy to make people tend to forget the follow-up of Indian exploitation and genocide in history.Many people believe that the United States,the first Thanksgiving Day was Indians and the new immigrants first oligomerization thank God for that day.However,for many Indians,this isn‘t the first time that people gather to thank heaven experience.For some new England Indians,they have a Thanksgiving festival existence.These Indians meet about six times a year Thanksgiving festival,they follow different season held Thanksgiving ceremony.In the autumn harvest season held Thanksgiving ceremony,for the Indians,they are the fifth time in a year Thanksgiving
festival.Generally
known
as“ thanksgiving”,in fact is the first new European settlers and Indians to thank God that day,rather than the so-called“ the first Thanksgiving in the United States of america”。
第一次歐洲新移民與印第安人一同慶賀的感恩節延續了三天,雙方也同意了一個和平、友好的協議:印第安人歡迎他們在其中一塊原屬印第安人的土地上建造屬于新移民自己的村莊。這個時刻原本是雙方友誼逐漸鞏固的開始,但不幸的是,友好的關系并沒有持續太久。由于不再像以前一樣需要印第安人的援助,一些新移民慢慢淡忘了他們一開始遭受的困難以及受到的幫助;再加上更多新移民不斷的涌入,雙方的不信任感逐漸升高,摩擦產生越來越多;一些新移民甚至不容忍印第安人的宗教信仰,試圖教導、說服印第安人他們的信仰是不正確的。許多的摩擦與沖突導致了后來的“菲力浦國王之戰”。
The first European settlers and Indians celebrate Thanksgiving lasted three days,both sides also agreed to a peace,friendly agreement: Indians welcome them in one piece originally Indians built on land belonging to the new immigrants to their village.This moment was originally a friendship between the two sides gradually consolidated,but unfortunately,friendly relationship didn’t last too long.Due to no longer as wanted Indian assistance,the number of new immigrant slowly they began to suffer from difficulties and get help;coupled with the more recent immigrants poured into,distrust between the two sides are gradually increased,the friction generated more and more immigrants;some even do not tolerate Indian religion,tries to teach,to persuade the Indians to their faith is not correct.Many of the friction and conflict leads to the later“ King Philippe‘s war”.
第二篇:感恩節由來
感恩節由來
感恩節是北美洲獨有的節日,始于1621年。1863年,美國總統林肯將它定為國家假日,并且規定每年11月的第四個星期四為美國的感恩節。感恩節有四天假期。借著長假,很多人都會趕回家慶祝佳節,所以,美國感恩節的熱鬧程度絕不亞于中國的中秋節。
17世紀初,英國的清教徒遭到迫害。1620年9月,102名清教徒登上“五月花”號帆船,于12月26日到達了美國的普利茅斯港,準備開始新的生活。然而,這些移民根本不適應當地環境,第一年冬天過后,只有50人幸存。第二年春天,當地印第安人送給他們很多必需品,并教會他們如何在這塊土地上耕作。這一年秋天,移民們獲得了大豐收,11月底,移民們請來印第安人共享玉米、南瓜、火雞等制作成的佳肴,感謝他們的幫助,感謝上帝賜予了一個大豐收。自此,感恩節變成了美國的固定節日。
第三篇:圣誕節由來 中英文(范文模版)
圣誕節歷史由來
圣誕節是一個宗節,我們把它當作耶蘇的誕辰來慶祝,因而又名耶誕節。這一天,世界所有的基督教教會都舉行特別的禮拜儀式。交換禮物,寄圣誕卡,這都使圣誕節成為一個普天同慶的日子。圣誕節是基督教世界最大的節日。歷史學家們在羅馬基督教徒習用的日歷中發現公元354年12月25日頁內記錄著:“耶穌降生在猶大的伯利恒。”經過研究,一般認為12月25日伴為圣誕節。隨著基督教的廣泛傳播,圣誕節已成為各教派基督徒,甚至廣大非基督徒群眾的一個重要節日。在歐美許多國家里,人們非常重視這個節日,把它和新年連在一起,而慶祝活動之熱鬧與隆重大大超過了新年,成為一個全民的節日。12月25日的主要紀念活動都與那穌降生的傳說有關。
耶蘇的出生是有一段故事的,耶蘇是因著圣靈成孕,由童女瑪利亞所生的 馬利亞的丈夫約瑟夫在與她成親前發現她已經懷孕,便決不在與她成親。神更派遣使者加伯列在夢中曉諭約瑟夫,叫他不要因為瑪利亞未婚懷孕而不要她,反而要與她成親,并把那孩子起名為“耶蘇”,因為這個孩子是要他把百姓從罪惡中救出來的。
當瑪利亞快要臨盆的時候,羅馬政府下了命令,全部人民到伯利恒務必申報戶籍。約瑟和瑪利亞只好遵命。他們到達伯利恒時,天色已昏,無奈兩人未能找到旅館渡宿,只有一個馬棚可以暫住。就在這時,耶蘇要出生了!于是瑪利亞唯有在馬槽上,生下耶蘇。后人為紀念耶蘇的誕生,便定十二月二十五為圣誕節,紀念耶蘇的出世。但真實的誕生日就沒有人知道了。
十九世紀,圣誕卡的流行、圣誕老人的出現,圣誕節也開始流行起來了。
Origin of Christmas Christmas is a religious festival.It is the day we celebrate as the birthday of Jesus.Exchanging gifts and sending Christmas cards are the modern ways of celebrating the Christmas in the world.Christmas Day on December 25, which celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ, the founder of the Christian religion, is the biggest and best-loved holiday in the United States.According to the Bible, the holy book of Christians, God decided to allow his only son, Jesus Christ, to be born to a human mother and live on earth so that people could understand God better and learn to love God and each other more.“Christmas” means “the celebration of Christ ”,which is the time when Jesus was born to a young Jewish woman Mary.Mary was engaged to be married to Joseph, a carpenter, but before they came together, she was found to be with child.Because Joseph, her husband, was a righteous man and did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly.But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because she will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins.” Christmas is a Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ.On this day, many go to church, where they take part in special religious services.During the Christmas season, they also exchange gifts and decorate their homes with Christmas trees.
第四篇:感恩節(中英文)
感恩節(Thanksgiving Day),美國印第安人,后來人們常在這一天第四個星期四,在這一天起將休11月22-28日之間,感恩節是美的感恩節則起始于1879年,是在同。11月的第四個星期四是感恩節。感恩節是美是美國人合家歡聚的節日,因此美國人提起感恩國定假日中最地道、最美國式的節日(holiday),它1620年,一些朝拜者乘坐“五月花”號船去顛簸了兩個月之后,終于在酷寒的十一月里,在陸。在第一個冬天,半數以上的移民都死于(die)第一個春季即1621年開始播種。整個夏天(summer)來,他們深知自己的生存以及殖民地的存在都將(finally),莊稼獲得了意外的豐收,為了感謝上帝活動。從此,這一習俗就沿續下來,并逐漸風行布每年十一月的第四個星期四為感恩節。感恩節今。屆時,家家團聚,舉國同慶,其盛大、熱烈感恩節慶祝模式許多年來從未改變。豐盛的準備。人們在餐桌上可以吃到蘋果、桔子、栗子丁、碎肉餡餅、各種其他食物以及紅莓苔汁和鮮菜是烤火雞(roastturkey)和南瓜餡餅(pumpkinpie),這些最受人喜愛的食品(food)。人人都贊成感恩節大餐必需以烤火雞為主菜以吸收從中流出來的美味汁液,但烹飪技術常因什么填料也就很難求得一致。另外,加拿大的感恩節是在十月的第二個星特殊節日 沒有恩人的感恩節感恩節是美國加拿大獨有的傳統節日,在感民歷史。首批歐洲移民從英國普利茅斯出發,乘冬到達北美洲(后來他們把這個登陸點也命名為當時適逢大雪覆蓋原野,寒冷饑餓令移民陷安人發現他們,并且給與慷慨援助,才絕處逢生火雞宴,和印第安人舉杯同慶,歡宴持續三天三但是人們不知道,那個純樸好客的部落就是個古道熱腸的印第安人酋長就是菲力浦王的父親1618年北美洲東岸遭受到傳染病“天花”的村落荒蕪。酋長樂意讓這些遠方的來客到這些遺好聯盟。這種兄弟情誼持續了近50年。歐洲移民每年以3%的增長向北美大陸擴張,2000名移民。移民反賓為主。并以自己的文化發視輕蔑心理。一些商人在與古樸的土著族交往中益,讓印第安人對白人日漸失去信任。最初時期,對于印第安人的慷慨,殖民者會成你不“Giving”,我就要設法“Taking”。菲力浦王之的沖突,在沒有土地所有權也就沒有開發利用權和維護土地所有權的戰爭。北美洲的歷史,似乎在揭示這樣一個冷酷的的開發方式、能夠創造更大的社會財富,那么最行。文化傳統、土地所有權、宗教法律、人倫道運行。盡管印第安人是美洲大地最古老的居民,是試圖維護低效的、傳統的土地利用方式,總歸要式,就以野蠻的方式。遺憾的是它以非常野蠻的土地所有權,又葬送了不少族人的性命,失敗的當然,有人把菲力浦王之戰看成印第安文化教文明;有人把它看成是白人和土著的種族戰爭從中找到殖民主義擴張的罪惡證據,證明反對殖戰爭中發生的嚴重摧殘人權的行為,來揭露今天至白人至上主義者也可以從中找到有色人種愚昧族優越論??凡此等等,都是各取所愛,試圖從天。集體慶祝初時感恩節沒有固定日期,由各州臨時決定為全國性的節日。每逢感恩節這一天,美國舉國上下熱鬧非常恩祈禱,城市鄉鎮到處都有化裝游行、戲劇表演人們也會從天南海北歸來,一家人團圓,品嘗以美國當地最著名的慶典則是從1924年開始的Thanksgiving Day Parade)。每逢感恩節這一天,美國舉國上下熱鬧非凡祈禱,城鄉市鎮到處舉行化裝游行、戲劇表演和規定放假休息。孩子們還模仿當年印第安人的模譜或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。散居在他鄉Thanksgiving Day 和加拿大節日,由感謝他人。自1941假兩天,都要和自國國定假日中最地每年10月第二個星國節和美現美年己道期人總早洲在國起的、一民是期尋的首,家最,獨備美求馬創感人美與創感國宗莎的恩團國美的親歷教塞病地到,年定亞個萄最恩,節聚式國一切史自州,盼來舉,在于月,妙節原是,的的個。最由的活望的行美這中之還和中意在感節哥古感為。普下著收了國一國前有最最是每恩日倫老恩密他里來豐成3總天人就葡吸富為年節,布節節切們茅的收。天統,過開萄引于了11在加日日是相在斯人的最的林直春始干人傳感謝月的每年拿大相,美關海登們到后狂肯到節著布的統也國。上在歡宣如。手大和饑餓和傳染他們都熱切取決于即將賜予的豐收各地。1863慶祝活動便的情形,不家宴早在幾、胡桃和葡果汁,其中菜一直是感。火雞在烘烤時要以面包作填料家庭和地區的不同而各異,應用期一。恩坐普入。夜萬-襲棄節,許多人會滿懷溫情回顧五月花號歷經艱險,在1620利茅斯)。絕境,一些人死去。幸虧印第二年新移民得到豐收,大??帕諾亞(Wampanoag)部落,-邁斯色以(Massasoit)。擊,大批土著居民死亡,一的村落安身,并與他們結為移年第擺那些友1676年,新英格蘭地區已有5,達先進為傲,對印第安人存有歧,常常采用哄騙的手段謀取利說:“Thanks Giving”;到后來,演變戰根源,在于開發利用土地資源的實際情況下,轉變成一場爭奪規律:如果一塊土地存在更有效終這塊土地會依這種開發方式進德等等都不能制止這種潛規律的這失方苦和,民美落萬塊敗式澀歐意主國后花土的表,洲在義高的園地。現不文激的舉大里最這:堪化發正人量采原種印回之民義權例一始失第味戰族性旗子瓣的主人敗不以安人不。,傾向主義情;還有幟的虛,以支顏色,但是要文明的方僅丟失了樹緒的偽援代立;以性白表基有這;人春督人場甚種,直到美國獨立后,感恩節才成,或“梅,體樣外基體火西人育穿地督育雞百們比上的徒比”貨按賽離家按賽為感照等奇人照等主恩習,古也習。的節俗學怪會俗分感游前校的回前別恩行往和服家往了節(教商裝過教堂做感一年的親美食。Macy's 堂店,節做也畫,感都上一恩按臉家
人團團圍坐在一起,大嚼美味火說:“謝謝!”。感恩節后,學校會讓同學們畫一張感恩節的畫畫的是火雞。同時,好客的美國人也忘不友、單身漢或遠離家鄉的人共度佳節。從18世紀起,美國就開窮人家送一籃子食物的風俗。當時有一群年輕婦女想在一年中選,認為選定感恩節是最恰當不過的。所以感恩節一到,她們就裝親自送到窮人家。這件事遠近傳聞,不久就有許多人學著她們的管遇到誰,他們都會說:“Thank you!”節日購物感恩節購物已經成為了美國人的習俗。從感恩節到圣誕節這一個月,美國零售業總銷售額能占到全年的1/3強,是各個商家傳統的打折促銷旺季。瘋狂的購物月從感恩節的次日(星期五)開始,這一天即被稱為Black Friday(黑色星期五)。之所以叫這個名字,據說是因為周五這天一大早,所有人都要摸著黑沖到商場排隊買便宜貨,這種行為有個非常形象的說法,叫Early Bird(早起的鳥兒)。在外國“感恩節”和中國的春節一樣重要!每年一度的總統放生火雞儀式始于1947年杜魯門總統當政時期,但實際上這個傳統儀式可以追溯到美國內戰林肯總統當政的時期。1863年的一天,林肯的兒子泰德突然闖入內閣會議請求赦免一只名叫杰克的寵物火雞,因為這只被送進白宮的火雞,即將成為人們的感恩節大餐。2006年11月22日,布什在白宮玫瑰花園舉行感恩節放生儀式上,特赦了一只名叫“飛鳥”的火雞。美國總統奧巴馬25號特赦感恩節火雞.并將火雞被命名為“勇氣”。這也是他上任以來,首次特赦火雞.奧巴馬并對保護美國人民身家安全的英勇戰士表示感恩。每年11月的第4個星期四是美國感恩節。在女兒薩莎和瑪麗亞的陪伴下,奧巴馬特赦了本來要用做盤中餐的火雞.奧巴馬說,我原本打算吃掉這只火雞。由于薩莎和瑪麗亞的干預,我赦免了“勇氣”。這只火雞將被送到迪士尼樂園。為防止意外,當局還準備了一只備用火雞,名叫“卡羅琳娜”。編輯本段節日食物 節日菜譜包括:Cornbread英國奶酪派,奶酪對英國人很重要。Venison鴨和鵝,英國人捕的。Wild Turkey大蒜和洋蔥。Pumpkin Pudding印地安布丁。Salad-沙拉。感恩節的食品極富傳統色彩。每逢感恩節,美國人必有肥嫩的火雞可吃。火雞是感恩節的傳統主菜。它原是棲息于北美洲的野禽,后經人們大批飼養,成為美味家禽,每只可重達四五十磅。現在仍有些地方設有獵場,專供人們在感恩節前射獵,有興趣的人到獵場花些錢,就能親自打上幾只野火雞回家。使節日更富有情趣。火雞吃法也有一定講究。端上桌后,由男主人用刀切成薄片分給大家。然后由各人自己澆上鹵汁,灑上鹽,味道十分鮮美。感恩節的食物除火雞外,還有紅莓苔子果醬、甜山芋、玉蜀黍、南瓜餅、沙拉自己烘烤的面包及各種蔬菜和水果等。這些東西都是感恩節的傳統食品。餐桌布置也很有特色。主婦們不是照往常一樣擺放鮮花,而是擺放水果和蔬菜。中間還常常放上一個大南瓜,周圍堆放些蘋果、玉米和干果。有時人們還把蘋果或南瓜掏空,中間放滿去殼的干果或者點燃蠟燭。平時,女主人可以在飯后把客人請到客廳里,但在感恩節卻不這樣做。感恩節的聚餐是甜美的,每個人都愿意在飯桌旁多呆一會兒,他們一邊吃一邊愉快地回憶往事,直到最后一根蠟燭燃盡,他們才離開那可愛的餐桌。美國人吃火雞時多數是燜烤。通常是把火雞肚子里塞上各種調料和拌好的食品,然后用燒烤袋包好,整只烤出。傳統的感恩節大餐包括了烤火雞,有些家庭是以烤鵝來替代火雞;還有塞在火雞內部的填充佐料Stuffing,是用撕成碎片的玉米面包(CornBread)、白面包和芹菜等等做成的;除此之外還有用火雞內臟煮成的濃稠淋汁(Gravy)。另外還有一樣特別的醬汁-小紅莓調味醬汁(CranberrySauce),用的就是每年九月和十月時盛產的小紅莓。其它的配菜還包括烤洋芋泥、烤紅薯泥、青豆和比司吉等等。最后的甜點當然有應景的南瓜派,也可以準備核桃派或蘋果派。火雞來歷為什么要在感恩節都食火雞呢。這要從感恩節的由來說起。1620年,英國一批主張改革的清教徒,因理想和抱負不能實現而退出國教,自立新教,此舉激起了英國當政者的仇恨。這些清教徒們不堪承受統治者的迫害和歧視,先逃到荷蘭,9月初,乘船遠渡重洋,準備流亡美國。船在波濤洶涌的大海中漂泊了65天,于11月終于到達了美國東海岸,在羅得島州的普羅維斯敦港登陸。當時,此處還是一片荒涼未開墾的處女地,火雞和其他野生動物隨處可見。時值寒冬,來到陌生的地方,缺衣少食,惡劣的環境正在威脅著他們的生命。在這生死攸關的時刻,當地的印第安人為他們帶去了食物、生活用品和生產工具,并幫助他們建立了自己的新家園。這些英國人在安頓好新家以后,為感謝在危難之時幫助、支援過他們的印第安人,同時也感謝上帝對他們的“恩賜”,是年11月第四星期四,將獵獲的火雞制成美味佳肴,盛情款待印第安人,并與他們進行聯歡,慶祝活動持續了三天。此后,每年11月第四個星期四都要舉行這樣的慶祝活動,除招待印第安人食烤火雞外,并在一起瘵辦射箭、跑步、摔跤等體育競賽,夜晚還圍著篝火盡情歌舞,共享歡樂。Thanksgiving Day 雞,并且對家人,大部分學生都掉這一天邀請好始出現一種給貧一天專門做善事上滿滿一籃食物樣子做起來。不
Thanksgiving Day
1621年,當普利茅斯的英國殖民者與萬帕諾亞格印第安人(WampanoagIndians),北美印第安人阿爾琴族一部落,后移居美國馬薩諸塞州東南部)慶祝頭一個感恩節時,他們狼吞虎咽的食品要豐富得多,而不僅是火雞。由于當時龍蝦、鵝、鴨子、海豹、美洲鰻和鱈魚都很豐饒,這些東西極有可能是第一個感恩節的主要菜肴。歷史學家只能確定有兩種食品出現在那一年秋天的感恩節菜單上——鹿肉和野鳥。如果我們不能肯定火雞曾出現在頭一個感恩節盛宴上的話,那火雞又怎樣成了如今感恩節的主要“吉祥物”呢?有一種說法是這樣的,在16世紀某一年的收獲節上,英國的伊麗莎白女王正在吃烤鵝。這時傳來消息說,西班牙的無敵艦隊(SpanishArmada)在前往攻擊她心愛的英國途中沉沒了,女王高興不已,于是又要了一只鵝來慶祝這一捷報。因此鵝也就成了英國豐收季節的愛鳥。當清教徒們從英國來到美國時,烤火雞代替烤鵝成了主要菜肴,因為北美大陸火雞數量更為豐富,比鵝更容易找到。火雞以其體形大,生長迅速,抗病性強,瘦肉率高而受人矚目,可與肉用雞媲美,被譽為“造肉機器”。火雞肉不僅肉質細嫩、清淡,而且在營養價值上有“一高二低”的優點。一高是蛋白南含量高,在30%以上;二低是火雞肉在國外被認為是心腦血管疾病患者的理想保健食品,同時,火雞肉也是益氣補脾的食療佳品。目前,世界上有許多國家以火雞肉代替牛肉、豬肉、羊肉和鴨肉。節日游戲 蔓越桔競賽感恩節宴會后,有些家庭還常常做些傳統游戲。第一次感恩節,人們進行了跳舞、比賽等許多娛樂活動,其中有些一直流傳至今。有種游戲叫蔓越桔競賽,是把一個裝有蔓越桔的大碗放在地上,4-10名競賽者圍坐在周圍,每人發給針線一份。比賽一開始,他們先穿針線,然后把蔓越桔一個個串起來,3分鐘一到;誰串得最長,誰就得獎。至于串得最慢的人,大家還開玩笑地發給他一個最差獎。玉米游戲還有一種玉米游戲也很古老。據說這是為了紀念當年在糧食匱乏的情況下發給每個移民五個玉米而流傳下來的。游戲時。人們把五個玉米藏在屋里,由大家分頭去找,找到玉米的五個人參加比賽,其他人在一旁觀看。比賽開始,五個人就迅速把玉米粒剝在一個碗里,誰先剝完誰得獎,然后由沒有參加比賽的人圍在碗旁邊猜里面有多少玉米粒,猜得數量最接近的獎給一大包玉米花。南瓜賽跑人們最喜愛的游戲要算南瓜賽跑了。比賽者用一把小勺推著南瓜跑,規則是 絕對不能用手碰南瓜,先到終點者獲獎。比賽用的勺子越小,游戲就越有意思。除去這些活動外,有些家庭在節日里驅車到鄉間去郊游,或是坐飛機出去旅行,特別是當年移民們安家落戶的地方--普利茅斯港更是游客們向往的所在。在那里,可以看到按照“五月花”號仿制的船和普利茅斯石,還可以花幾個小時在移民村里參觀。移民村是仿照當年的樣子建成的。參觀時,還有專門人員扮成請教徒同游客們談天,給人以身臨其境的感覺。編輯本段地域差異 美國和加拿大節日感恩節是美國和加拿大獨有的節日。它的起源于300多年前一批100多人的歐洲移民到了美國,饑寒交迫很難活下來,大部分人在頭一年的冬天就凍死餓死了,剩下的50多人,在當地原居民印第安人的幫助下,學會了釣魚、打獵、種玉米和南瓜,這些人在第二年喜慶豐收的時候,舉行了感謝上帝的慶祝活動,并且邀請印第安人一起參加。這就是感恩節的由來。后來,美國林肯總統宣布每一年11月的第四個星期四為感恩節,從此美國就有了新的公休日了。歐洲不存在感恩節歐洲人沒有美洲大陸的那些這些經歷,沒必要感謝遠在另一大洲印第安人,所以他們沒有感恩節。因為這個節日有著深厚的美國歷史由來,并且涉及當時的宗教。很多人以為感恩節是歐美地區都流傳的節日,其實這是錯誤的。一般來說,在感恩節這天祝賀歐洲人“感恩節快樂”是一個很不禮貌的行為,很可能會招來反感。在我國的香港、澳門特區也沒有感恩節的習慣,感恩節問候同樣有可能帶來困惑與反感。中國感恩節的推廣國內有人建議在中國也另外設立感恩節。西方的感恩節雖有其宗教內涵,但完全可以吸收其積極成分,融入傳統美德中,并賦予新的涵義,重新選擇一個紀念性的日子,設立有中國特色的“感恩節”。借鑒美國節日,設立中國自己的感恩節,讓孩子學習換位思考,理解父母;讓成年人互相體諒,人際關系更和諧。每年11月的最后一個星期四是美國的感恩節,感恩節是美國人獨創的一個節日,也是美國人合家歡聚的節日,在這天家人團聚在一起,品嘗感恩節火雞和南瓜餅等美食。有大學生倡議,在中國大學生中設立自己另外的感恩節,在這天向自己的朋友、師長表達愛意和謝意,聯系周圍實際,讓他覺得這很有道理。其實自古以來,中華民族就樂于助人、知恩圖報,“受人滴水之恩,當以涌泉相報”一度傳為名句。中國教育更多關注分數和升學率,加之很多孩子都是獨生子女,家人的溺愛導致孩子覺得別人的關懷是理所當然,不少學生不懂得感謝、感激,只知道索取;甚至對太過關心自己的家人產生逆反、厭煩情緒。在成年人之中也存在不知感恩、忘本的情況,一切只從利益出發。在一個文明的社會,知道感謝,懷有一顆感恩之心是很必要的;這也是建設和諧社會的重要要求,可促進社會各成員、群體、階層、集團之間的關系相處融洽、協調,促進人與人之間互相尊重,信任、幫助。因此不少人建議在中國也另外設立自己的感恩節,讓學生們學習換位思考,珍惜朋友,理解父母;讓成年人暫停麻木冷漠的心,真誠地去體貼關心別人。第一段講起源:
Thanksgiving Day
感恩節是美國國定假日中最地道、最美國式的節日,而且它和早期美國歷史最為密切相關。1620年,一些朝圣者(或稱為清教徒)乘坐“五月花”號船去美國尋求宗教自由。他們在海上顛簸折騰了兩個月之后,終于在酷寒的十一月里,在現在的馬薩諸塞州的普里茅斯登陸。在第一個冬天,半數以上的移民都死于饑餓和傳染病,活下來的人們在第一個春季開始播種。整個夏天他們都熱切地盼望著豐收的到來,他們深知自己的生存以及殖民地的存在與否都將取決于即將到來的收成。后來,莊稼獲得了意外的豐收,所以大家決定要選一個日子來感謝上帝的恩典。多年以后,美國總統宣布每年十一月的第四個星期四為感恩節。感 恩節慶祝活動便定在這一天,直到如今。感恩節慶祝模式許多年來從未改變。豐盛的家宴早在幾個月之前就開始著手準備。人們在餐桌上可以吃到蘋果、桔子、栗子、胡桃和葡萄,還有葡萄干布丁、碎肉餡餅、各種其它食物以及紅莓苔汁和鮮果汁,其中最妙和最吸引人的大菜是烤火雞和番瓜餡餅,這些菜一直是感恩節中最富于傳統意義和最受人喜愛的食品。人人都贊成感恩節大餐必需以烤火雞為主菜。火雞在烘烤時要以面包作填料以吸收從中流出來的美味汁液,但烹飪技藝常因家庭和地區的不同而各異,應用什幺填料也就很難求得一致。今天的感恩節是一個不折不扣的國定假日。在這一天,具有各種信仰和各種背景的美國人,共同為他們一年來所受到的上蒼的恩典表示感謝,虔誠地祈求上帝繼續賜福。Thanksgiving Day is the most truly American of the national Holidays in the United States and is most closely connected with the earliest history of the country.In 1620, the settlers, or Pilgrims, they sailed to America on the May flower, seeking a place where they could have freedom of worship.After a tempestuous two-month voyage they landed at in icy November, what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.During their first winter, over half of the settlers died of starvation or epidemics.Those who survived began sowing in the first spring.All summer long they waited for the harvests with great anxiety, knowing that their lives and the future existence of the colony depended on the coming harvest.Finally the fields produced a yield rich beyond expectations.And therefore it was decided that a day of thanksgiving to the Lord be fixed.Years later, President of the United States proclaimed the fourth Thursday of November as Thanksgiving Day every year.The celebration of Thanksgiving Day has been observed on that date until today.The pattern of the Thanksgiving celebration has never changed through the years.The big family dinner is planned months ahead.On the dinner table, people will find apples, oranges, chestnuts, walnuts and grapes.There will be plum pudding, mince pie, other varieties of food and cranberry juice and squash.The best and most attractive among them are roast turkey and pumpkin pie.They have been the most traditional and favorite food on Thanksgiving Day throughout the years.Everyone agrees the dinner must be built around roast turkey stuffed with a bread dressing to absorb the tasty juices as it roasts.But as cooking varies with families and with the regions where one lives, it is not easy to get a consensus on the precise kind of stuffing for the royal bird.Thanksgiving today is, in every sense, a national annual holiday on which Americans of all faiths and backgrounds join in to express their thanks for the year' s bounty and reverently ask for continued blessings.came to America, but it was the American colonials who made a feast of it.After the successful harvest of 1621 in the first year of pious Plymouth colony, Governor William Bradford called for a celebration.But rather than spending the day in prayer, the colonists set the pattern for future American Thanksgivings by inviting the neighbors to a big family dinner, with roast fowl as the main dish.第二段講慶祝方式: In the United States, certain kinds of food are traditionally served at Thanksgiving meals.First and foremost, turkey is usually the featured item on any Thanksgiving feast table(so much so that Thanksgiving is sometimes referred to as “Turkey Day”).Stuffing, mashed potatoes with gravy, sweet potatoes, cranberry sauce, corn, other fall vegetables, yams and pumpkin pie are commonly associated with Thanksgiving dinner.All of these primary dishes are actually native to the Americas and were introduced as a new food source to the Europeans when they arrived.Introduction
Thanksgiving Day, legal holiday observed annually in the United States on the fourth Thursday of November.In Canada, Thanksgiving falls on the second Monday in October.Most people celebrate Thanksgiving by gathering with family or friends for a holiday feast.Thanksgiving was first celebrated by Pilgrims and Native Americans in colonial New England in the early 17th century.Its actual origin, however, probably traces to harvest festivals that have been traditional in many parts of the world since ancient times(see Festivals and Feasts).Today Thanksgiving is mainly a celebration of domestic life, centered on the home and family.II.Customs and SymbolsPrint section
Public observances of Thanksgiving usually emphasize the holiday's connection with the Pilgrims.Thanksgiving pageants and parades often feature children dressed in Pilgrim costume, complete with bonnets or tall hats, dark clothes, and shoes with large silver-colored buckles.Many of the images commonly associated with Thanksgiving are derived from much older traditions of celebrating the autumn harvest.For example, the cornucopia(a horn-shaped basket overflowing with fruits and vegetables)is a typical emblem of Thanksgiving abundance that dates to ancient harvest festivals.Many communities also decorate their churches with fruits, flowers, and vegetables at Thanksgiving, much as European communities have for centuries during the autumn harvest season.In keeping with the idea of celebrating a plentiful harvest, preparing and eating a large meal is a central part of most Thanksgiving celebrations.pumpkin pie.These simple foods recall the rustic virtues of the Pilgrims.emphasizing the natural bounty that greeted early settlers in their adopted homeland.Later groups of immigrants to North America often
Thanksgiving Day
Thanksgiving meals include Italian specialties, such as pasta and wine.Many Americans digest their holiday meal while watching football games on television.Traditionally, two National Football League(NFL)teams, the Detroit Lions and the Dallas Cowboys, host games on Thanksgiving Day.High viewership of these holiday games has made football an American Thanksgiving tradition.III.OriginsLong before Europeans settled in North America, western Europeans observed Harvest Home festivals to celebrate the successful completion of gathering-in the season's crops.In the British Isles, Lammas Day(Loaf Mass Day), observed on August 1, was often held to celebrate a good wheat harvest.If the wheat crop was disappointing, the holiday was usually canceled.Another important precursor to the modern Thanksgiving holiday was the custom among English Puritans(see Puritanism)of designating special days of thanksgiving to express gratitude for God's blessings.These observances were not held regularly;they usually took place only in times of crisis or immediately after a period of misfortune had passed.Puritan thanksgiving ceremonies were serious religious occasions and bore only a passing resemblance to modern Thanksgiving celebrations.IV.American ThanksgivingsAccording to tradition, the first American Thanksgiving was celebrated in 1621 by the English Pilgrims who had founded the Plymouth Colony, now in the state of Massachusetts.The Pilgrims marked the occasion by feasting with their Native American guests—members of the Wampanoag tribe—who brought gifts of food as a gesture of goodwill.Although this event was an important part of American colonial history, there is no evidence that any of the participants thought of the feast as a thanksgiving celebration.Two years later, during a period of drought, a day of fasting and prayer was changed to one of thanksgiving because rains came during the prayers.Gradually the custom prevailed among New Englanders to annually celebrate Thanksgiving after the harvest.Colonial governments and, later, state governments took up the Puritan custom of designating thanksgiving days to commemorate various public events.Gradually the tradition of holding annual thanksgiving holidays spread throughout New England and into other states.During the American Revolution(1775-1783)the Continental Congress proclaimed a national day of thanksgiving following the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777.U.S.President George Washington proclaimed another day of thanksgiving in 1789 in honor of the ratification of the Constitution of the United States.In 1817 New York State adopted Thanksgiving Day as an annual custom, and many other states soon did the same.Most of the state celebrations were held in November, but not always on the same day.In the mid-19th century Sarah Josepha Hale, editor of Godey's Ladies Book, led a movement to establish Thanksgiving as a national holiday.In 1863, during the American Civil War(1861-1865), President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed the last Thursday in November Thanksgiving Day in order to bolster the Union's morale.After the war, Congress established Thanksgiving as a national holiday, but widespread national observance caught on only gradually.Many Southerners saw the new holiday as an attempt to impose Northern customs on them.However, in the late 19th century Thanksgiving's emphasis on home and family appealed to many people throughout the United States.As a distinctly American holiday, Thanksgiving was also considered an introduction to American values for the millions of immigrants then entering the country.During the 20th century, as the population of the United States became increasingly urban, new Thanksgiving traditions emerged that catered to city dwellers.The day after Thanksgiving gradually became known as the first day of the Christmas shopping season.To attract customers, large retailers such as Macy's in New York City and Gimbel's in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, began to sponsor lavish parades.By 1934 the Macy's parade, featuring richly decorated floats and gigantic balloons, attracted more than one million spectators annually.The custom of watching football games on Thanksgiving Day also evolved during the early decades of the 20th century.As football became increasingly popular in the 1920s and 1930s, many people began to enjoy the holiday at a football stadium.Teams in the National Football League eventually established traditions of playing nationally televised games on Thanksgiving afternoon.In 1939 U.S.President Franklin Roosevelt shifted the day of Thanksgiving from the last Thursday in November to one week earlier.Retail merchants had petitioned the president to make the change to allow for an extra week of shopping between Thanksgiving and Christmas.Many Americans objected to the change in their holiday customs and continued to celebrate Thanksgiving on the last Thursday of the month.Roosevelt's political opponents in Congress also opposed the break with tradition and dubbed the early holiday “Franksgiving.” In May 1941 Roosevelt admitted that he had made a mistake and signed a bill that established the fourth Thursday of November as the national Thanksgiving holiday, which it has been ever since.Thanksgiving is also a legal holiday in Canada.Because Canada is north of the United States, its harvest comes earlier in the year.Accordingly, the Thanksgiving holiday falls earlier in Canada than in the United States.The Canadian Parliament set aside November 6 for annual Thanksgiving observances in 1879.In 1957 the date was shifted to an even earlier day, to the second Monday in October.
第五篇:感恩節的由來
感恩節的由來
感恩節是美國人的一個重要節日。每年11月的第四個星期四,美國家庭都要舉行豐盛的感恩宴。
最常見的傳統食品有火雞、南瓜餡餅和玉米面做的印第安布丁。一些美國人在這一天或舉家出游,或探親訪友,盡情享受天倫之樂。
感恩節期間,美國城鄉都要舉行化裝游行、戲劇表演和射擊、打靶等體育比賽。一些美國家庭、宗教組織及慈善機構還為窮人、孤兒及流浪者們提供免費的火雞宴,讓那些不幸的人們在感恩節里也得到一份人間的溫暖。
感恩節起源于馬薩諸塞普利茅斯的早期移民。這些移民在英國本土時被稱為清教徒,因為他們對英國教會的宗教改革不徹底感到不滿,以及英王及英國教會對他們的政治鎮壓和宗教迫害,所以這些清教徒脫離英國教會,遠走荷蘭,后來決定遷居到大西洋彼岸那片荒無人煙的土地上,希望能按照自己的意愿信教自由地生活。
1620年9月,“五月花號”輪船載著102名清教徒及其家屬離開英國駛向北美大陸,經過兩個多月的艱苦航行,在馬薩諸塞的普利茅斯登陸上岸,從此定居下來。第一個冬天,由于食物不足、天氣寒冷、傳染病肆虐和過度勞累,這批清教徒一下子死去了一半以上。第二年春天,當地印第安部落酋長馬薩索德帶領心地善良的印第安人,給了清教徒谷物種子,并教他們打獵、種植莊稼、捕魚等。在印第安人的幫助下,清教徒們當年獲得了大豐收。首任總督威廉·布萊德福為此建議設立一個節日,慶祝豐收,感謝上帝的恩賜。同時,還想借此節日加強白人與印第安人的和睦關系。1621年11月下旬的星期四,清教徒們和馬薩索德帶來的90名印第安人歡聚一堂,慶祝美國歷史上第一個感恩節。男性清教徒外出打獵、捕捉火雞,女人們則在家里用玉米、南瓜、紅薯和果子等做成美味佳肴。就這樣,白人和印第安人圍著篝火,邊吃邊聊,還載歌載舞,整個慶祝活動持續了三天。
從此以后,移居美國的歐洲人基本上沿襲了北美大陸上的第一次感恩節慶祝活動的形式。1789年,美國第一任總統華盛頓正式規定,11月26日為第一個全國統一慶祝的感恩節。但是,在相當長一段時間里,各州都視自己的情況規定節日日期。1941年,美國國會經羅斯福總統批準通過一項法案,宣布每年11月的第四個星期四為全國的感恩節。