第一篇：五臺山顯通寺導游詞

五臺山顯通寺導游詞

顯通寺，位于臺懷鎮寺廟群，它的前身是“大孚靈鷲寺”，最早建于東漢永平年間，距今已經有近兩千年的歷史了。這座幽幽古剎是目前五臺山規模最大，歷史最悠久的寺院，是五臺山五大禪處、十大青廟之一。國務院在1982年把顯通寺列為國家級重點文物保護單位。

我們將要參觀的重點是顯通寺的鐘樓，以及中軸線上的一系列建筑。我們在顯通寺將游覽一個小時，之后我們在鐘樓下集中。

前面這座高大的建筑就是顯通寺鐘樓，它建于明代，是顯通寺較早的一處建筑。它的下層是一個石旋洞，是通往顯通寺的要道。上層是高大的木結構鐘樓，為兩層三檐廡廊式結構，上承十字頂，脊頂四端有四個雕刻精巧的龍頭。我們往上看，廊柱飛檐，交相輝映，十分壯觀。從上面遠眺，層層山巒，簇簇寺廟，歷歷在目，使人心胸開闊，大有“欲窮千里目，更上一層樓”的感覺。

細心的游客可能已經看到鐘樓上“震悟大千”這四個字了，“大千”即“大千世界”，是佛教用語的“三千大千世界”的簡稱，指廣闊無邊的世界。“震悟大千”的意思是說佛法無邊，在佛祖釋迦牟尼的教化和感召下，整個大千世界都震悟覺醒了。

既然叫鐘樓，那一定離不了鐘，現在我們上樓去看五臺山最大的一口銅鐘。這口鐘叫“幽冥鐘”，又叫“長命鐘”，是明萬歷四十八年鑄造的，重達萬斤，因要避諱“萬歲”的“萬”字，實際只有9999.5斤。

顯通寺的銅鐘，不僅是古代鑄造技術的代表作，而且賦予了它濃厚的佛教文化色彩，它不同于我國民間講的“晨鐘暮鼓”之鐘。關于敲鐘就很有講究。大家都知道“做一天和尚撞一天鐘”這句話，它已成為“得過且過”的代名詞。因為在許多人看來，撞鐘很簡單，到時辰敲幾下就可混過一天，既不用動腦子，又不多花力氣。這實際上是對佛門職事僧工作的誤解。撞鐘時，要撞出輕重緩急的節奏，鐘聲要抑揚頓挫，傳的遠還要回蕩不息，要撞出具有五臺山特色的鐘聲和佛教樂理的神秘。早晚兩次撞鐘，要緊七下、慢八下，不緊不慢二十下，這是一通，重復三次，共撞105下，最后在撞三下，前后共108下。撞鐘時還要念固定的佛經。

大家都知道張繼的詩“姑蘇城外寒山寺，夜半鐘聲到客船”，詩中寒山寺鐘聲之所以著名，不僅是因為夜半鐘聲，更在于必須在二十分鐘內敲完108下，而且最后一下，要敲在夜半十二點正，不能提前或推后一秒。可以想象，如此純熟的撞鐘功夫，是“冰凍三尺非一日之寒”。據說敲完鐘的和尚都有“鐘行汗步出鐘樓，猶如卸下千斤擔”之感。由此可見撞鐘絕非易事，來不得半點虛假，就和我們做人一樣，要實實在在。

此外，鐘的外表刻有一部楷書佛經，共一萬多字，字跡端正清晰，可惜我們現在看不到這些鑄字了。大家看，這口鐘里里外外已被成千上萬的紙條遮擋住了。為什么在鐘上貼這么多紙條呢？有這樣一種說法：有威望的和尚圓寂后，要把他的名字貼在鐘上，然后把鐘敲響，與鐘長鳴，好象在通知西方極樂世界，又一位高僧往生極樂了。現在，人們為了求得佛祖保佑，也把自己或親朋好友的名字貼在鐘上，然后把鐘敲響，不過貼名字還有個講究，為死去的人祈求平安要貼在鐘內，為活著的人祈求幸福要貼在鐘外。如果您有興趣，可千萬別貼錯啊。好了，各位游客，參觀完這口巨鐘，讓我們一起步入古樹幽幽的顯通寺內院游覽。大家請跟我來，從這兒進去，我們將參觀中軸上觀音殿、大文殊殿等七座大殿。在這里，我要請大家想一想，我們講過，寺院第一座大殿一般是天王殿，供四大天王以守護寺院，為什么顯通寺第一座大殿不是天王殿呢？聽完我的講解，您自然會明白。

明代以前，現在的顯通寺和前面的塔院寺原本是一座寺廟，天王殿在最前面，明成祖永樂五年（1047），分為現在塔院寺和顯通寺兩處廟宇，顯通寺就沒有天王殿了，但一個寺又不能沒有守護神，于是在兩側立了兩塊石碑，大家看，一邊是“龍”，一邊是“虎”，用“龍”“虎”代替四大天王守護寺院，名叫“有龍虎把門，不用四大天王勞駕”。

中軸線上第一座大殿叫觀音殿。舊時，寺院舉行的賑濟水陸生靈的水陸法會道場也設在這兒，故又稱水陸殿。殿內供奉觀世音、文殊、普賢三大士，觀音居中，殿兩側是護法天神。

觀音菩薩，雖然在佛國世界中并非首腦，但她卻是中國善男信女們最崇拜的對象，因為她大慈大悲，救苦救難，符合老百姓樸素的為人心理。我們都知道，聲音要聽，景物要看，而觀音菩薩的名字卻很有意思，叫“觀世音”，即看世間聲音。其實不難理解，觀音菩薩法力高強，六根圓通，當然可以“觀世間聲音”，這“觀”，不是用眼，而是用智慧觀世間疾苦，以解救蕓蕓眾生。

五臺山是文殊菩薩的道場，許多寺廟內都有專門的文殊殿，顯通寺也是如此。前面這座大殿便是大文殊殿。

文殊殿前立有兩塊石碑，并建有碑亭。石碑高2米，寬不足1米。立于康熙四十六年，即公元1707年。大家請仔細看一看，這兩座石碑有什么區別呢？立碑，總是為記述什么，可您仔細看過后，會發現西邊這通是一塊無字碑。大家都知道，西安乾陵武則天墓前有塊著名的無字碑。有人說那正是武則天的聰明之處，自己的功過是非留給后人評說。那這里的無字碑又是為什么而立呢？原來啊，康熙皇帝來五臺山朝山時，站在一進門的地方，發現菩薩頂象條龍，而大文殊殿前兩個水池的反光正是龍眼。古代人們認為皇帝是真龍天子，天下只能有一個，而這兒又出現了一條龍，那還了得，于是，康熙一怒之下讓人把大文殊殿前兩個水池用石碑壓住了。石碑立好后，廟內老僧請康熙寫碑文，可康熙只寫了一篇，便起駕還朝了。從此顯通寺就留下了這塊無字碑。

文殊殿，以供奉文殊為主。我們進殿看，正中這尊最大的塑像是大智文殊。文殊全稱文殊師利菩薩，是佛祖釋迦牟尼的左脅侍，他專司“智慧”，在四大菩薩中地位最高。他的坐騎是一只雄武的猛獅，代表勇猛和智慧。

我們前面講過，五座臺頂都有寺廟，廟內文殊各不相同，在大文殊殿內便供奉有五臺文殊。大智文殊左側一尊是西臺的獅子吼文殊，右側一尊是東臺的聰明文殊，前面三尊分別是南臺的智慧文殊、中臺的孺童文殊和北臺的無垢文殊，殿內兩側是十二圓覺菩薩。

文殊菩薩是智慧的象征，所以希望自己或親朋好友聰明的善男信女們往往頂禮膜拜，求文殊賜予智慧，不過拜文殊只是人們追求智慧的一種形式，要得到真正的智慧，還需靠自己努力，去求索、奮斗。

中國古代寺廟分為接待游方僧人的十方廟和不接待游方僧人的子孫廟。那么如何區分呢？我想您一定也想知道。我們往后走，看韋馱天神的姿態便會明白了。在大智文殊背后，這尊神武的塑像就是韋馱。從他站立的姿態，我們可以區分十方廟和子孫廟。您看這座韋馱像，雙手合十，法器橫于兩腕之上，象是歡迎四方賓朋香客，這表明，此廟是十方廟。韋馱還有另一種姿態。左手握金剛杵，杵尖拄地，右手叉腰，一副拒人以千里之外的模樣，不用問，這座廟一定是子孫廟，游方和尚看到他的姿態就會另覓棲身之所了。不過現今，隨著社會的發展、開放，各個寺廟都接待游方僧人，不再有十方廟和子孫廟之分了。

唐代以后的寺院布局一般以大雄寶殿為主建筑，大文殊殿后便是顯通寺的主殿——大雄寶殿。大家可以看到，大殿規模宏偉，占地1.2畝。莊嚴肅穆，布局緊湊，是五臺山罕見的大殿，“大雄”是對釋迦牟尼的尊稱，意思是“一切無畏的大勇士”。

在進入大殿前，我給大家留一個問題，請大家留意尋找答案。如何從塑像外表區分佛、菩薩和羅漢？

大家請進殿。大雄寶殿一般供奉三世佛。您看，正中這尊主佛是佛祖釋迦牟尼，他是我們中間婆娑世界的教主，他左側是東方凈琉璃世界的教主藥師佛，右側是西方極樂世界的教主阿彌陀佛。他們頭頂卷發、雍容典雅。請大家記住，頭上是卷發。

釋迦牟尼在歷史上確有其人，他出生于公元前六世紀的古代印度。據佛經記載，他看到人間生老病死的痛苦，于是離家出走，潛心修煉，最終創立了佛經。它的追隨者們尊稱他為“釋迦牟尼”，意思是釋迦族的圣人。

大殿兩側的塑像是十八羅漢，他們神情各異，栩栩如生，突破了神像塑造手法的拘謹，反映了生活中人物的各種表情。盡管表情各不相同，但他們還有一個共同特點，你發現了嗎？就是頭上空空如野，煩惱絲全無。請大家記住，神情各異，頭上空空。

看完十八羅漢，我們在看三世佛背后。這三位頭戴菩薩冠的便是三大士；文殊、普賢、觀音三大菩薩。那么如何區分他們三位呢？我告訴大家一個簡單的辦法，看他們的坐騎，文殊騎獅、普賢騎象、觀音騎朝天吼。知道了他們的坐騎，在大多數寺院都可以區分他們了。

講到這里，我要舊事重提了，如何從外表區分佛、菩薩和羅漢呢？

對了，佛頭上是卷發，菩薩頭戴菩薩冠，而羅漢頭上則是空無一發，神情悠悠自得。現在您能區分他們了嗎？

大雄寶殿作為主殿，廟內大型佛事活動一般都在這里舉行，如受戒儀式。還留下了康熙贈龍袍的傳說，他讓方丈初一、十五穿龍袍代他理佛。可惜這件龍袍一九四八年被盜，沒能留到現在。否則，它將是一件珍貴文物。雖然康熙的龍袍被盜了，但他親筆手書的匾額“真如權應”卻留了下來。大家抬頭看這塊匾，它同樣是一件珍貴文物。

大家請繼續往后走。我們都知道，中國古代建筑大多為木結構，可顯通寺內卻有一座別具特色的磚石結構大殿，因沒有大梁和柱子，所以名叫“無梁殿”。大家看，大雄寶殿后的這座大殿就是無梁殿，它建于明代，又名“七處九會殿”，取佛祖曾在七處講經九次之意。又取“佛法無量”之意叫“無量殿”。

無量殿外觀上看似歐式建筑，并且涂成白色，象征佛教凈土與無限光明。整個大殿外觀7間實為3間，外觀2層實為1層，這是顯通寺的第二大特色——全磚結構建筑。

無梁殿設計生動，結構奇特，外觀是兩層樓房，殿內是三間磚窯，中間大兩邊小。中間供釋迦牟尼的報身像銅質盧舍那佛，左邊是多寶佛塔，右邊是藥師佛。殿正面每層有七個閣洞，兩側各有五個，據說是僧人坐功的地方。殿兩側有夾墻，墻內有磚砌樓梯，上面走廊繞殿一周。據建筑學家鑒定，這座大殿有三個特點，一是設計生動；二是修建技術高超；三是結構堅固。這樣富麗堂皇的建筑，充分反映了古代勞動人民的聰明才智。在無梁殿之后，是千缽文殊殿。殿雖小，但有五臺山獨一無二的極其珍貴的銅鑄“千缽文殊像”。我們來看，這尊文殊像造型獨特，壘疊著五個頭型，胸前有六只大手，各持法器，其中有兩只手捧著金缽，缽上端坐釋迦牟尼坐像。身體兩側向四周伸出一千只手，每只手內有一缽，每只缽中都有釋迦像，代表文殊菩薩智慧無邊。這尊文殊像是明代鑄造的在銅鑄藝術中，可以說是珍品。無論手的形狀或手中的缽體以及缽中佛像，鑄造的細膩和造型的新穎，在全國這一類藝術品中是罕見的。

在顯通寺，我們已見到了銅鐘、千缽文殊等銅鑄藝術的佳品。下面我們將看到的是顯通寺銅鑄藝術中最杰出的代表-----銅殿。人們說“顯通、顯通、十萬銅”就是指它。大家看，前面高臺上那座殿宇就是銅殿。

中國的冶煉鑄造技術，在商周時期就領先于世界，陸續出土的精美的青銅器鑄件，都有力的證明了中國古老文化的悠久歷史。在中國廣闊的大地上，留下了許多有極高藝術價值和學術價值的珍品，象顯通寺銅殿如此規模巨大，鑄造精美的作品在全國也是少見的。

據《清涼山志》記載：“明妙峰、名福登，發愿造滲金三大士像、并銅殿??。三大名山之銅殿，亦登所親制??”。由此可見，妙峰法師曾鑄三座銅殿，其一便是大家面前的銅殿。鑄于明萬歷年間，據說是按照萬歷皇帝的意圖鑄造的。那么這銅殿和萬歷皇帝有什么關系呢？原來是萬歷的母親李太后示意兒子修造一座銅殿，為百姓祈福，做點功德善事，以保大明江山萬代傳。由于是下令鑄造，為了取“萬”字的吉利，所以鑄造此殿的銅來自全國一萬家，共用銅十萬斤，殿內銅壁上鑄有小佛一萬尊，意味著祝李太后萬壽無疆。

大家看，銅殿規模不很大，但結構精巧，外觀是兩層樓，上層四面各有六扇門，下層四面各有八扇門，上面都鑄有精美圖案。

大家請走近仔細欣賞。您看這些花紋圖案，它們把民間傳統文學以及人們對美好生活的向往與佛教建筑完美的結合起來，這二龍戲珠、丹鳳朝陽、牡丹出瓶、玉兔拜月、老鼠盜葡萄、獅子滾繡球等等，無一不精，無一不細，細到連老鼠胡須、牡丹花蕊也清晰可見。殿內主像是高約一米的銅鑄文殊騎像，鑄造精巧，栩栩如生。

中國古代建筑一慣講究和諧統一。在銅殿前，原有五座銅塔，暗合東南西北中五臺之數，它們與銅殿相輝映，形成一個和諧統一的銅鑄藝術組合。在五座銅塔中，東西兩座為明代原物。兩座塔形相似，為八角十三層，小巧玲瓏。高度相仿，高約二丈。也是我國鑄造藝術的代表作。中間三座原為清代所鑄，后毀壞了，現在三座是以后補鑄的。

顯通寺的銅殿和銅塔，毫不夸張地說，鑄造藝術是空前的，價值是無法估量的。那優美的造型、完整的結構、巧妙的布局、宏偉的氣魄、精巧的圖案，無一不顯示出我國古代勞動人民的高度藝術水平和智慧。因此，它們被列為五臺山十景之一。

在銅殿后面，是中軸線上最后一座大殿——藏經殿，又叫后高殿，原是顯通寺存放珍貴經書的地方。里面供奉甘露文殊和講經說法八大論師。八十年代，這里曾做過文物陳列室。

第二篇：五臺山顯通寺英文導游詞

city,shanxi province ,70km from wutai county town ,140km from xinzhou city town and 240km from taiyuan city in the southwest and 210km from datong in the north ,with a total area of about 2837sq.km.wutai mountain scenic spot area is situated in the region with taihuai town as center in the north part of wutai county ,with an area of 376sq.km.it is a national –level scenic spot area at nation level and a national class 4a tourist scenic spot area wutai mountain has peaks rising one higher than another and chain of mountains in stagger like a coiling dragon and crouching tiger.the whole mountain has more than 1100 varieties of plant and ,among them ,the wutai mountain mushroom is both the good food for eating and valuable drug and was determined as an article of tribute by an emperor in historywutai mountain is the highest mountainous land in north china region ,with the north platform top being at an altitude of 3058m above sea level and called “roof ridge of north china ”,wutai mountain had its name because it has five main peaks with flat and broad platforms.it has five called cool mountain by the buddhists believers and is one of the five main buddhist holy lands in the world and also a famous activity place of buddhism in china ,ranking first among the “four main buddhist famous mountains in china ,where often reside 1200 monks and nuns now ,from north wei to qing dynasty ,the emperors of the past dynasties all have arrived wutai mountain and the eminent monks and great teachers of wutai mountain came forth in large numbers ,these great teachers and grand masters in the history of chinese buddhism have made outstanding contributions for the buddhist culture of wutai mountain so that wutai mountain has become an institution for the overseas believers to study abroad and listen to scriptures and written down a brilliant historic volume of sino-foreign cultural exchange.www.tmdps.cnwww.tmdps.cn整理該文章，版權歸原作者、原出處所有。wutai mountain is a treasure –house of ancient architecture of china ,where the cultural relics gather together and treasures come together in crowds.now , wutai mountain has 47 temples ,and among them are 4 national-level key cultural relic preservation units and nearly 20 are provincial –level key cultural relic preservation units.of the four wood –structure buildings of tang dynasty kept in shanxi ,two are in wutai mountain ,tang song ,liao ,jin ,yuan ,ming and qing dynasties ,and minguo all left behind large buildings of typical wood structure and this itself is a volume of vast and numerious ancient architectural history of china.wutai mountain has long cultural history and magnificent natural sight.in the temples of the whole mountain ate kept 17445 buddha statues ,224pieces of stone tablets, 58 pieces of horizontal boards, 7297 volumes of scriptures books in 928 cases,frescoes of 911sq.km and 1355 pieces of valuable cultural relics such as musical instruments used in buddhist mass and offering wares.all these are the valuable materials for studying the ancient history.science and culture and arts of china.wutai mountain was also renowned for the revolutionary base area.in the initial period of the war of resistance against japan, wutai mountain was the first base area of resistance against japan behind enemy’s lines in china and the birthplace of shanxi –chahar –hebei border area.in the years of revolutionary war ,the revolutionaries of old generation such as mao zedong ,zhou enlai ,liu shaoqi and zhu de and the international communist fighter batune fought and worked here.today ,what we will tour at first is xiantong temple ,xiantong temple is situated at the south foot of lingjiu peak in the central district of taihuai town and is one of five main mediation places of wutai mountain.it is also the leader temple most worshipped in the buddhist circle of wutai mountain.xiantong temple occupies a land of 43700sq.km and has 400 houses and 65 halls in total.it was initially built in the eleventh year of yongping period ,east han dynasty and has a history of nearly 2000 years to date.since the peak of posa top is very similar to the vulture peak of india(the place where sakyamuni taught scriptures of his disciples),it was named lingjiu temple after the name of the mountain later ming emperor of han dynasty added two characters “da fu”in chinese(meaning grandness and creditability)before “lingjiu temple ”so that the complete name of temple was dafu lingjiu temple.it was rebuilt in xiaowen emperor period of north wei dynasty and divided into 12 courtyards.it was also called garden temple because of the garden in front.later ,it war rebuilt once again by taizong emperor of tang dynasty and renamed great huayan temple by wu zetian because the newly translated huayan scriptures were collected here.it finally was granted a horizontal board “large xiantong temple ”by zhu yuanhang,the taizu emperor of ming dynasty[bell tower]bell tower is of two –storeyed and three-eave structure ,and on the beam in the tower is hung a bronze bell,the largest one in wutai mountain.such bell was called long ringing bell and also called nether world bell and cast in july of the forty-eighth year of wanly period ,ming dynasty.with a weight of up to 9999.5jin.[dragon and tiger tablet s]there is no heaven king hall but only two pieces of stone tablets in xiantong temple ,the dragon and tiger tablets we see now.these two tablets have the implied meaning that dragon and tiger is guarding the gate and there is no need to trouble the four main heaven kings.[front courtyard ]the tablet board “rosy clouds decorated heaven city” in gold characters on the top of gate was personally written by qinanlong emperor.in the hall are worshipped 3 statues of bodhisattvas ,with guanyin bodhisattva in the middle and wenshu bodhisattva and puxian bodhisattva on both sides separately ,so it was also called “three-main-scholar hall ” it was also called scripture collection hall because scripture books are fully placed on both sides.in each of the left and right tablet pavilions outside guanyin hall is a tablet.the two tablet pavilions are completely the same in size of tablet ,shape system and pattern, one piece engraved with “tablet inscription of xiantong temple personally written by emperor “ and the other being characterless and called characterless tablet.the stone tablets of wutain mountain are roughly divided into imperial tablet.official document tablet ,merits and virtues tablet ,event record keeping tablet ,poem and writing tablet ,tomb tablet and the special buddha foot tablet and characterless tablet.among the special characterless tablets at home ,three pieces are most attractive ,i e the first is the characterless tablet left on the top of taishan mountain for guarding against the six states after qinshi emperor defeated the six states;the second is the characterless tablet set up by wu zetian at qian tomb in xi’an ,meaning that merits and demerits as well as right and wrong would be left behind to the later generations to comment and no handwriting was left;the third is the characterless tablet we see just now ,which was set up by kangxi emperor.the characterless of the tablet seemed to praise that xiantong temple was so grand and magnificent and buddhism was so broad and profound that it was difficult to express them in written language.as record in “annals of cool mountain ”,under the two pieces of stone tablets were two circular water ponds.according to legend ,after kangxi arriving at wutai mountain at that time ,as soon as he entered xiantong temple he saw at far distance that the decorated arch on posa top looks like a big dragon-head.the two wood poles look like dragon horns ,and the 108 flight steps look like dragon tongues ,after entering xiantong temple ,kangxi asked at one the old buddhist abbot said just coincided with what kangxi saw ,the old buddhist abbot said that ,when the sun shines on the water ponds at noon ,there would appear two light rings on both sides of the decorated arch of posa top and posa top was just a live dragon.then,kangxi gave an order to let the monks of xiantong temple fill up the two water ponds and set up two pieces of stone tablets ,with one tablet bearing written language and the other characterless.[large wenshu hall]wutai mountain is the place where wenshu bodhisattva makes buddhist rites ,and in most of the temples were build wenshu hall.while the name of this wenshu hall was prefixed with a “large”, and such a word “large” contains 4 meanings;the first is that xingtong temple is the oldest temple in wutai mountain ‘the second is that xiantong temple is the temple with largest floor area among the temple of wutai mountain ‘the third is that xiantong temple is the temple most completely preserved in wutai mountain;the fourth is that the number of wenshu bodhisattva worshipped here is most(6 statues of wenshu bodhisattvas in total),so that it is called large wenshu hall ,since wenshu in 5 directions can be worshipped at the same time ,local people call it “convenient pilgrimage platform” [daxiong precious hall] daxiong precious hall was also called large buddha hall ,it is the main building in xiantong temple and also the center of the whole temple.in the hall is worshipped the horizontal buddha of the third generation.daxiong was the honorific title of sakyamuni, saying he was “a warrior fearing nothing ” the hall was built in the architectural form with the wood structure as primary part and the upper four –a-shaped roofs and lower four extending corridors as secondary ,with 108 wood columns supporting the whole large hall and the walls having only the function of shielding off the wind and resisting the cold ,when you enter the hall ,you will feel that it is very spacious.this hall occupies a land of 1.2 mu and is the largest daxiong precious hall in xutai mountain ,it is also the place for holding grand buddhist activities in the temple.this is the first feature of xiantong temple –complete wood structure.[beamless hall] beamless hall is a white complete-brick architectural structure.it was built by completely laying up bricks without use of beams and hence its name “beamless hall ” ,it looks like a european –style building in appearance and was painted white.white represents pureness in the west ,while symbolizes the buddhist pure land and boundless brightness here.since this hall is mot supported by beams and columns ,the weight of hall top is borne by the thick and heavy wall bodies on four sides ,to form a sharp contrast with form of emulating wood structure ,and the brick-laid round columns and dipper –like arches and carved extending raves embody typical combined chinese and west styles.the whole large hall seems to have 7 rooms when you are looking externally ,but actually it has only 3 rooms.it looks like having two floors when you are looking outdoors but ,internally , it is a one-storeyed building ,the interior of the hall adapted the form of internal dipper –like arch ,which is reduced floor by floor to form a roof style of natural vault.this large hall was built in the thirty –seventh year of wanly period , ming dynasty and has a history of nearly 400 years till now.this is the second feature of xiantong temple-architecture of complete brick structure.in the middle of hall is worshipped lushena buddha ,the body statue of the ancestor of buddha and stands duohao buddha pagoda ,the thirteen –storeyed wood pagoda of ming dynasty, which is also the only wood pagoda in wutai mountain.beamless hall was also caked “seven-place and nine-meeting hall”, which means that sakyamuni has taught scriptures in seven places for 9 times ,therefore ,it looks like having seven rooms.[thousand alms –bowl wenshu hall] the wenshu with one thousand alms bowls ,one thousand hands and one thousand sakyas worshipped in thousand alms –bowl hall may be rated a rare rush in the casting history.it was cast in the ninth year of wanly period ,ming dynasty through designing and financing fund s by hanshan himself ,a grand master of the age.[large bronze hall] large bronze hall is of world renown ,when you are looking externally ,you can find that it is of double eaves and lying –mountain top and divided into the upper and lower floors.on each of the four sides of upper floor are nounted 6 lattice-fans ,and on the upper and lower ends of each lattice-fan are carved and cast grass ,trees ,flowers and plants as well as birds and beasts.on each of the upper and lower parts of the four column and column base being one integrated mass and fixing the 100 thousand jin heavy bronze hall.the four sides of the upper floor of the bronze hall are surrounded by about 1m high rails.in both ends of the roof ridge of hall are cast separately two legendary animals appearing vividly to fly ,with a wind millstone and precious bottle in the middle ,the bronze hall looks like two floors in appearance but actually is only one room ,4.2m in row depth ,about 4.7m wide ,5m high and carved with 10 thousand statues of buddhas from inside ,therefore, somebody also called it ten-thousand –buddha hall.this hall was built by miaofeng ,the founder of a sect of buddhaism ,through begging alms of one wanly period.ming dynasty ,the saying “xiantong, xiantong, hundred-thousand-jin bronze” spread among the people originated from his behavior.since this hall was completely made of complete bronze by casting ,it embodies the third feature of xiantong temple –architecture of complete bronze structure.the first bronze pagodas and bronze halls were cast in one and the same period ,and represent the five orientations and five platform tops of wutai mountain.the middle three ones among them are ruined later while being supplementarily cast in recent years.[back high hall] behind the large bronze hall is back high hall situated in the highest position ,which was called scripture collection pavilion in the past.now ,here is worshipped sweet dew wenshu with a sweet dew bottle held in hand ,to mean that the sweet dew is sprinkled extensively.in the both flanks are eight grand expounding masters ,who were the buddhist grand master specially engaged in teaching and translating scripture texts.

第三篇：五臺山顯通寺英文導游詞

city,shanxi province ,70km from wutai county town ,140km from xinzhou city town and 240km from taiyuan city in the southwest and 210km from datong in the north ,with a total area of about 2837sq.km.wutai mountain scenic spot area is situated in the region with taihuai town as center in the north part of wutai county ,with an area of 376sq.km.it is a national –level scenic spot area at nation level and a national class 4a tourist scenic spot area wutai mountain has peaks rising one higher than another and chain of mountains in stagger like a coiling dragon and crouching tiger.the whole mountain has more than 1100 varieties of plant and ,among them ,the wutai mountain mushroom is both the good food for eating and valuable drug and was determined as an article of tribute by an emperor in historywutai mountain is the highest mountainous land in north china region ,with the north platform top being at an altitude of 3058m above sea level and called “roof ridge of north china ”,wutai mountain had its name because it has five main peaks with flat and broad platforms.it has five called cool mountain by the buddhists believers and is one of the five main buddhist holy lands in the world and also a famous activity place of buddhism in china ,ranking first among the “four main buddhist famous mountains in china ,where often reside 1200 monks and nuns now ,from north wei to qing dynasty ,the emperors of the past dynasties all have arrived wutai mountain and the eminent monks and great teachers of wutai mountain came forth in large numbers ,these great teachers and grand masters in the history of chinese buddhism have made outstanding contributions for the buddhist culture of wutai mountain so that wutai mountain has become an institution for the overseas believers to study abroad and listen to scriptures and written down a brilliant historic volume of sino-foreign cultural exchange.www.tmdps.cn第～范文網整理該文章，版權歸原作者、原出處所有。wutai mountain is a treasure –house of ancient architecture of china ,where the cultural relics gather together and treasures come together in crowds.now , wutai mountain has 47 temples ,and among them are 4 national-level key cultural relic preservation units and nearly 20 are provincial –level key cultural relic preservation units.of the four wood –structure buildings of tang dynasty kept in shanxi ,two are in wutai mountain ,tang song ,liao ,jin ,yuan ,ming and qing dynasties ,and minguo all left behind large buildings of typical wood structure and this itself is a volume of vast and numerious ancient architectural history of china.wutai mountain has long cultural history and magnificent natural sight.in the temples of the whole mountain ate kept 17445 buddha statues ,224pieces of stone tablets, 58 pieces of horizontal boards, 7297 volumes of scriptures books in 928 cases,frescoes of 911sq.km and 1355 pieces of valuable cultural relics such as musical instruments used in buddhist mass and offering wares.all these are the valuable materials for studying the ancient history.science and culture and arts of china.wutai mountain was also renowned for the revolutionary base area.in the initial period of the war of resistance against japan, wutai mountain was the first base area of resistance against japan behind enemy’s lines in china and the birthplace of shanxi –chahar –hebei border area.in the years of revolutionary war ,the revolutionaries of old generation such as mao zedong ,zhou enlai ,liu shaoqi and zhu de and the international communist fighter batune fought and worked here.today ,what we will tour at first is xiantong temple ,xiantong temple is situated at the south foot of lingjiu peak in the central district of taihuai town and is one of five main mediation places of wutai mountain.it is also the leader temple most worshipp

ed in the buddhist circle of wutai mountain.xiantong temple occupies a land of 43700sq.km and has 400 houses and 65 halls in total.it was initially built in the eleventh year of yongping period ,east han dynasty and has a history of nearly 2000 years to date.since the peak of posa top is very similar to the vulture peak of india(the place where sakyamuni taught scriptures of his disciples),it was named lingjiu temple after the name of the mountain later ming emperor of han dynasty added two characters “da fu”in chinese(meaning grandness and creditability)before “lingjiu temple ”so that the complete name of temple was dafu lingjiu temple.it was rebuilt in xiaowen emperor period of north wei dynasty and divided into 12 courtyards.it was also called garden temple because of the garden in front.later ,it war rebuilt once again by taizong emperor of tang dynasty and renamed great huayan temple by wu zetian because the newly translated huayan scriptures were collected here.it finally was granted a horizontal board “large xiantong temple ”by zhu yuanhang,the taizu emperor of ming dynasty[bell tower]bell tower is of two –storeyed and three-eave structure ,and on the beam in the tower is hung a bronze bell,the largest one in wutai mountain.such bell was called long ringing bell and also called nether world bell and cast in july of the forty-eighth year of wanly period ,ming dynasty.with a weight of up to 9999.5jin.[dragon and tiger tablet s]there is no heaven king hall but only two pieces of stone tablets in xiantong temple ,the dragon and tiger tablets we see now.these two tablets have the implied meaning that dragon and tiger is guarding the gate and there is no need to trouble the four main heaven kings.[front courtyard ]the tablet board “rosy clouds decorated heaven city” in gold characters on the top of gate was personally written by qinanlong emperor.in the hall are worshipped 3 statues of bodhisattvas ,with guanyin bodhisattva in the middle and wenshu bodhisattva and puxian bodhisattva on both sides separately ,so it was also called “three-main-scholar hall ” it was also called scripture collection hall because scripture books are fully placed on both sides.in each of the left and right tablet pavilions outside guanyin hall is a tablet.the two tablet pavilions are completely the same in size of tablet ,shape system and pattern, one piece engraved with “tablet inscription of xiantong temple personally written by emperor “ and the other being characterless and called characterless tablet.the stone tablets of wutain mountain are roughly divided into imperial tablet.official document tablet ,merits and virtues tablet ,event record keeping tablet ,poem and writing tablet ,tomb tablet and the special buddha foot tablet and characterless tablet.among the special characterless tablets at home ,three pieces are most attractive ,i e the first is the characterless tablet left on the top of taishan mountain for guarding against the six states after qinshi emperor defeated the six states;the second is the characterless tablet set up by wu zetian at qian tomb in xi’an ,meaning that merits and demerits as well as right and wrong would be left behind to the later generations to comment and no handwriting was left;the third is the characterless tablet we see just now ,which was set up by kangxi emperor.the characterless of the tablet seemed to praise that xiantong temple was so grand and magnificent and buddhism was so broad and profound that it was difficult to express them in written language.as record in “annals of cool mountain ”,under the two pieces of stone tablets were two circular water ponds.according to legend ,after kangxi arriving at wutai mountain at that time ,as soon as he entered xiantong temple he saw at far distance that the decorated arch on posa top looks like a big dragon-head.the two wood poles look like dragon horns ,and the 108 flight steps look like dragon tongue

s ,after entering xiantong temple ,kangxi asked at one the old buddhist abbot said just coincided with what kangxi saw ,the old buddhist abbot said that ,when the sun shines on the water ponds at noon ,there would appear two light rings on both sides of the decorated arch of posa top and posa top was just a live dragon.then,kangxi gave an order to let the monks of xiantong temple fill up the two water ponds and set up two pieces of stone tablets ,with one tablet bearing written language and the other characterless.[large wenshu hall]wutai mountain is the place where wenshu bodhisattva makes buddhist rites ,and in most of the temples were build wenshu hall.while the name of this wenshu hall was prefixed with a “large”, and such a word “large” contains 4 meanings;the first is that xingtong temple is the oldest temple in wutai mountain ‘the second is that xiantong temple is the temple with largest floor area among the temple of wutai mountain ‘the third is that xiantong temple is the temple most completely preserved in wutai mountain;the fourth is that the number of wenshu bodhisattva worshipped here is most(6 statues of wenshu bodhisattvas in total),so that it is called large wenshu hall ,since wenshu in 5 directions can be worshipped at the same time ,local people call it “convenient pilgrimage platform” [daxiong precious hall] daxiong precious hall was also called large buddha hall ,it is the main building in xiantong temple and also the center of the whole temple.in the hall is worshipped the horizontal buddha of the third generation.daxiong was the honorific title of sakyamuni, saying he was “a warrior fearing nothing ” the hall was built in the architectural form with the wood structure as primary part and the upper four –a-shaped roofs and lower four extending corridors as secondary ,with 108 wood columns supporting the whole large hall and the walls having only the function of shielding off the wind and resisting the cold ,when you enter the hall ,you will feel that it is very spacious.this hall occupies a land of 1.2 mu and is the largest daxiong precious hall in xutai mountain ,it is also the place for holding grand buddhist activities in the temple.this is the first feature of xiantong temple –complete wood structure.[beamless hall] beamless hall is a white complete-brick architectural structure.it was built by completely laying up bricks without use of beams and hence its name “beamless hall ” ,it looks like a european –style building in appearance and was painted white.white represents pureness in the west ,while symbolizes the buddhist pure land and boundless brightness here.since this hall is mot supported by beams and columns ,the weight of hall top is borne by the thick and heavy wall bodies on four sides ,to form a sharp contrast with form of emulating wood structure ,and the brick-laid round columns and dipper –like arches and carved extending raves embody typical combined chinese and west styles.the whole large hall seems to have 7 rooms when you are looking externally ,but actually it has only 3 rooms.it looks like having two floors when you are looking outdoors but ,internally , it is a one-storeyed building ,the interior of the hall adapted the form of internal dipper –like arch ,which is reduced floor by floor to form a roof style of natural vault.this large hall was built in the thirty –seventh year of wanly period , ming dynasty and has a history of nearly 400 years till now.this is the second feature of xiantong temple-architecture of complete brick structure.in the middle of hall is worshipped lushena buddha ,the body statue of the ancestor of buddha and stands duohao buddha pagoda ,the thirteen –storeyed wood pagoda of ming dynasty, which is also the only wood pagoda in wutai mountain.beamless hall was also caked “seven-place and nine-

meeting hall”, which means that sakyamuni has taught scriptures in seven places for 9 times ,therefore ,it looks like having seven rooms.[thousand alms –bowl wenshu hall] the wenshu with one thousand alms bowls ,one thousand hands and one thousand sakyas worshipped in thousand alms –bowl hall may be rated a rare rush in the casting history.it was cast in the ninth year of wanly period ,ming dynasty through designing and financing fund s by hanshan himself ,a grand master of the age.[large bronze hall] large bronze hall is of world renown ,when you are looking externally ,you can find that it is of double eaves and lying –mountain top and divided into the upper and lower floors.on each of the four sides of upper floor are nounted 6 lattice-fans ,and on the upper and lower ends of each lattice-fan are carved and cast grass ,trees ,flowers and plants as well as birds and beasts.on each of the upper and lower parts of the four column and column base being one integrated mass and fixing the 100 thousand jin heavy bronze hall.the four sides of the upper floor of the bronze hall are surrounded by about 1m high rails.in both ends of the roof ridge of hall are cast separately two legendary animals appearing vividly to fly ,with a wind millstone and precious bottle in the middle ,the bronze hall looks like two floors in appearance but actually is only one room ,4.2m in row depth ,about 4.7m wide ,5m high and carved with 10 thousand statues of buddhas from inside ,therefore, somebody also called it ten-thousand –buddha hall.this hall was built by miaofeng ,the founder of a sect of buddhaism ,through begging alms of one wanly period.ming dynasty ,the saying “xiantong, xiantong, hundred-thousand-jin bronze” spread among the people originated from his behavior.since this hall was completely made of complete bronze by casting ,it embodies the third feature of xiantong temple –architecture of complete bronze structure.the first bronze pagodas and bronze halls were cast in one and the same period ,and represent the five orientations and five platform tops of wutai mountain.the middle three ones among them are ruined later while being supplementarily cast in recent years.[back high hall] behind the large bronze hall is back high hall situated in the highest position ,which was called scripture collection pavilion in the past.now ,here is worshipped sweet dew wenshu with a sweet dew bottle held in hand ,to mean that the sweet dew is sprinkled extensively.in the both flanks are eight grand expounding masters ,who were the buddhist grand master specially engaged in teaching and translating scripture texts.

第四篇：五臺山顯通寺英文導游詞

mount wutai nominated world heritage sites：mount wutai, is constituted by two parts:taihuai core area geographic coordinate is n39°e113°,and foguang temple core area geographic coordinate is n38°e113°, the core area is 18415 hectares and the buffer zone area is 42312 hectares.世界遺產提名地：五臺山，由兩部分組成：臺懷核心區和佛光寺核心區，核心區面積18415公頃，緩沖區42312公頃。located in wutai county of xinzhou city the northeastern of shanxi province china.位于中國山西省東北部忻州市五臺縣境內。

is made of the oldest stratum in the world which is more than 2.5 billion years.由大于25億年的世界古老地層構成

it has 5 peaks in north south east west and center, the peak is 3061 meters above sea level which is called as “the ridge of northern china”

有東西南北中五座山峰，最高峰3061米，被譽為“華北屋脊”

mount wutai has a magnificent natural landscape and a rich geological heritage, 五臺山自然景觀奇偉瑰麗，地質遺產豐富

its unique palaeotectonic relics, rare periglacial and glacier land form, 其獨特的古地質構造遺跡，稀有的冰原冰川地貌景觀 and valuable species and ecological resources, 珍貴物種和生態資源

serves as a typical evidence of an important period in the history of earth evolution.使其成為代表地球演變史重要階段的典型例證

the age of various rock units of granite and greenstone belts in mount wutai is around 2.6 to 2.5 billion years, 五臺山花崗巖~綠巖帶的年齡在26至25億年 and it’s exposed in the great height difference of the new generation of mountains and valleys, 并且出露于高差巨大的新生代山脈和山谷內

various levels of rocks exposed to surface.各種層次巖石組成良好出露地表

and it has time continuity and irreplaceability in geological time.在地質時代上具有時間的連續性和不可替代性

the displayed rich geological phenomenon is irreplaceability in the world.所展示的豐富地質現象在世界范圍內也具有不可替代性

campared with those well known mountains around the world its long history of geological evolution is very rare, 其漫長的地質演化史在世界著名山峰中非常罕見 and it became field visit location in many international geological conferences and is the classic geological research area in china.成為多次地質會議的考察地及中國經典的地質研究地區

the granite-greenstone belt of mount wutai also led to the formation of typical neoarchean collision orogenic belts, 五臺山花崗巖~綠巖帶構成典型的新太古代碰撞造山帶

it fully revealing the early collision orogen structure sectionand different levels of crustal, 完整展示出早期碰撞造山帶構造剖面及不同地殼層次

and has typical geological evolution significance.具有典型的地質演化意義 therefore ,mount wutai is key evidence for studies of the archean plate tectonics and the collision orogenic belts.是研究太古宙板塊構造與碰撞造山帶的關鍵例證 the geochronological boundary of the archean and proterozoic eons, is considered as the most important geological events in tectonic evolution.太古宙到遠古宙界限被認為是地殼演化史上最重要的地質事件

during this period, the earth has undergone profound changes.地球在這一時期發生了深刻變化

mount wutai reserve many unconformities interface before and after 2.5 billion years, 五臺山保留有多個25億年前后的不整個界面

and has clear lines of demarcation between different stages of geological evolution, 具有明顯的地質演化階段性 it’s also involving the radical environmental changes of continental extensions after the end of the collision orogeny(2.5billion years).涉及典型板塊碰撞造山結束，向板內伸展環境的劇烈變化

they provide sound conditions for setting off the boundaries of the archean and proterozoic eons, 非常有利于劃分太古宙~遠古宙界限

and is typical area for establishing the archean proterozoic boundary before 2.5 billion years.是建立太古宙~遠古宙界限的典型地區

具有全球地質對比價值

五臺山保留完整的古元古代地層記錄（2.5~1.9億年）there are well-preserved early weathering crusts, ancient red bed as well as rich records of stromatolites in the stratigraphic sections.地層剖面保留了早期古風化殼、古紅層及異常豐富的疊層石記錄

there is a rich reserve of paleofloral fossils in the doucun subgroup of mount wutai, 五臺山豆村帶群中發現了豐富的古植物化石 and they are the earliest china’s eukaryotic organisms before 2.4 billion years, 并有中國已知最古老的真殼生物化石（24億年前）

it’s 600-700 million years earlier than the previously acclaimed oldest eukaryotic fossil record.比先前認為的最古老真殼生物化石記錄早6至7億年

in this regard mount wutai is valuable to the understanding of earlier evolution of life.對認識早期生命演化具有重要價值

與東亞其他古夷體面相比

mount wutai is a typhical example of the cenozoic continental extension and of the fault block orogeny.五臺山為早期寒武紀地殼中新生代伸展、斷塊造山活動的典型代表

there is several thousand meters of altitude differerce between the top of ancient razed plane and the buried deep of the sedimentary basins of north china which is very rare in east asia.其臺頂古夷平面與華北斷陷盆地中深埋夷平面之間達到數千米的高差，在整個東亞非常罕見

成為中國北方地形演化研究對比的最重要標志，也是中國北方最古老的山地夷平面 in this sense, mount wutai has typhical significance to the entire east asia region, 在整個東亞地區具有典型的代表意義

and being an important example to the cenozoic extensional tectonic evolution, and the basin and mountain relationship in the east part of the asia continent.是亞洲大陸東部新生代伸展構造演化及其盆地作用的重要例證

the time-honored buddhism cultural continuity, the glorious artistic achievements, 五臺山其歷史久遠的佛教文化傳承，燦爛恢宏的藝術成就

恢宏壯觀的佛教古寺廟建筑群等深厚的文化積淀

makes mount wutai occupied an important position in china and the world buddhism development.使五臺山在中國和世界佛教發展的歷史長河中占據了極其重要的地位

成為持續1600余年的佛教文殊信仰中心

it is the most recognized buddhism mountain in china and is considered as one of the five buddhism holy land in the world.位居中國四大佛教名山之首，世界五大佛教圣地之一

the buddhist buildings at mount wutai is the world leading in terms of the long time span and the large scgle, and are among the best in the world.五臺山佛教建筑群無論時間跨度之長還是規模之宏大，都在世界范圍內首屈一指

in its 15 centuries’ development, mount wutai gradually formed ambitious buddhist buildings.五臺山在長達15個世紀的發展中，逐漸形成了宏大的佛教建筑群

in terms of the size the temple buildings here are virtually matchless no matter in china or in the world.其寺廟建筑的規模不論在中國還是在世界上都是鮮有的 during the northern qi period(ad551-557)there had been more than 200 temples, and the figure rose to over 360 in the prime time of tang dynasty(ad618-907).北齊時，五臺山就有寺廟200多座，唐代最多是達360余座

so far, mount wutai still reserve 68 temples and over 150 pagodas built in seven differert dynasties since tang.至今，五臺山仍保存有唐以來7個朝代的寺廟68座，佛塔150余座

these temples are vary in size and architectural configuration.這些寺廟規模大小不一，形制布局各有特色

for instance, with over 400 halls, pavilions and monks’abodes, the xiantong temple is known for its extension of space and all buildings here look grand.如顯通寺，寺宇開闊，殿宇宏偉，計有殿堂樓閣，禪房僧舍等400余間 the bishan temple consists of 3-bay courtyards with a total number of 108 assembly and meditation halls.碧山寺為三進院落，計有殿堂禪堂108間，within the 1123-hectare boundary of the taihuai proposed core zone,而在五臺山臺懷寺廟集中區僅僅11.23平方千米的范圍內

there are 24 temples and the number of singular buildings are countless.就分布著寺廟24座，其中的單體建筑更是數不勝數

together, these buildings constitute a sizable grand simple,yet sublime temple ensemble in harmony with the nature.形成了一個規模龐大，宏偉壯觀，古樸莊嚴，與自然環境和諧一致的寺廟建筑群 mount wutai is a nominated heritage site where coexist the holy objects of the han and tibetan buddhism which bearing witness to the seamless blend of the han and tibetan cultures.五臺山是漢藏佛教物質遺存共存的遺產提名地，漢藏文化融匯無痕

mount wutai is one of the four most famous sacred places of buuhism in china and the meeting point of the han and tibetan buddhism.五臺山不僅是中國佛教四大名山之一，而且也是漢藏佛教匯集之地

自藏傳佛教傳入五臺以來，這里就成為藏傳佛教在中原內地的重要發展中心

五臺山藏傳佛教也因之成為連接中央和蒙藏地方關系的紐帶

and an important bridge for cultural exchanges between the han, tibetan, mongolian people.以及漢藏蒙等民族文化交流的橋梁

historically, mount wutai has helped generations of monarchs in the solution of the problems related to different ethnic groups.歷史上，五臺山也在中央統治者處理民族宗教問題中發揮著重要作用

at the prime time of qing dynasty there were 122 temples and monasteries at mount wutai, 在清代鼎盛時期，五臺山共有青黃廟122座

in which 25 temples are following the tibetan buddhism and 97 are following the han buddhism.其中黃廟25座，青廟97座

up to now, there are 7 tibetan lamaseries existent, and more than 40 han buddhism monasteries existent within the circle formed by the five terracess.至今，臺內古建筑群中仍遺存著大規模黃廟7座，青廟40余座

mount wutai has played an active role in the fusion and development of the han and tibetan buddhism.五臺山在漢藏佛教的融合與發展方面起到了非常重要的積極作用 like other similar heritage site it has contributed greatly to the development of the buddhist culture.與其他類似遺產地一樣，為佛教文化的發展做出了突出的貢獻

mount wutai is the center of manjusri worship in the world of buddhism, 五臺山是世界佛教的文殊信仰中心

it is recorded in the “avatamsaka sutra” translated in the jin dynasty that mount wutai is the bodhimanda of manjusri.據佛教華嚴經記載，五臺山是文殊菩薩的道場

the establishment and the spread of manjusri worshipat at mount wutai converted it into the no.1 of the four buddhist sacred mountains in china in the middle of the tang dynasty.五臺山文殊信仰的確立和推廣使五臺山在唐代中葉就成了中國佛教四大名山之首，中國佛教的首府，與印度靈鷲山爭俊的佛教圣地

in the past 1000 years mount wutai has gone beyond the limitations of regions nationalities religious sects, 在一千多年間，五臺山超越了地區和民族，超越了不同教派

超越了朝代更迭，超越了君主和平民香客的界限

成為至今仍產生深刻影響的文殊信仰中心

mount wutai has a unique status in the chinese art history as with the great achievements attained in the sculpture and mural arts, 五臺山在中國美術史上地位杰出

it is an outstanding example of the localization of the buddhist art in china.是佛教藝術中國化的理想實物例證

many world heritage sites in china embody high artistic value.the artistic achievements of these heritage sites represent the creative genius of human beings.in terms of the category, the buddhist statues and murals of mount wutai belong to the temple building’s art, 從類型來看，五臺山的佛教雕塑與壁畫屬于寺觀建筑類 mount wutai represent the coexistence of the tibetan and han buddhist art.代表了漢藏并存的佛教藝術成就

從數量來看，五臺山作為中國著名的佛教圣地，自東漢年間建寺造像以來，歷久不衰 now mount wutai holds variety of clay sculptures, wood carvigs, stone carvigs, metal foundry ,gauze, porcelain, embroidery, painting and other artworks.保存有泥塑，木雕，石刻，金屬鑄像，脫紗，燒瓷，刺繡，繪畫等諸多種類的造像藝術作品

the huge number of buddhist shrines in china is in the second to none.其數量之龐大，在中國佛教圣地中首屈一指

mount wutai is the most typical royal bodhimanda in china, 五臺山是最典型的中國皇家道場

among the four buddhist sacred mountains in china mount wutai has maintained the closest link with xi’an, luoyang, kaifeng, beijing and other places of the central power.中國佛教四大名山中，五臺山與歷代中央集權帝都西安，洛陽，開封，北京等聯系最為緊密

besides the political center it turns into the holiest royal bodhimanda for over 1000 years.這使她在一千多年間，實際成為政治中心以外最具神圣地位的皇家道場

mount wutai reflects the relations between generations of the ruling class with buddhism, 反映了歷朝歷代統治階級與佛教的淵源關系篇二：山西省：顯通寺導游詞一

大家好，我是導游..。今天，有幸能和您在這佛國勝地相逢，是我們的緣份。這次由我陪大家一起游覽五臺山著名的古剎顯通寺，我感到非常高興，希望通過我的講解和服務，能使您對顯通寺留下深刻印象，對這次游覽能有一個美好的回憶。

我們將要參觀游覽的顯通寺，位于臺懷鎮寺廟群，它的前身是“大孚靈鷲寺”，最早建于東漢永平年間，距今已經有近兩千年的歷史了。在兩千年的風風雨雨中，顯通寺幾經修整重建。北魏擴建顯通寺時，設置了十二院，并設有專門的塔院，結構比較松散，體現了宋元以前寺院以佛塔和鐘樓為主建筑群。布局較為隨便自然的風格，現在的顯通寺，即以前十二院中的善住院，是明清時的建筑和格局。寺內古樹參天，香煙繚繞，占地4.37萬平方米，有房屋殿宇四百多。中軸線上七座大殿，或雄偉莊嚴，或精巧玲瓏，相互輝映。東西廊房對稱配合，總體色彩華麗典雅，帶有宮廷建筑的特點，體現了明清時寺院布局嚴謹、富麗莊重的風格，是明清時廟宇建筑的典型。

這座幽幽古剎是目前五臺山規模最大，歷史最悠久的寺院，是五臺山五大禪處、十大青廟之

一。明永樂三年，在此設“都綱司”，使它成為五臺山青廟的首領廟。歷代文人墨客在這里留下了許多著名詩句，如“五月行蹤入大孚，萬松如剪雪平鋪。??爐煙經卷停云閣，不信人間有畫圖。”（引自文物出版社出版的《五臺山》第7頁）等。國務院在1982年把顯通寺列為國家級重點文物保護單位。

我們將要參觀的重點是顯通寺的鐘樓，以及中軸線上的一系列建筑。我們在顯通寺將游覽一個小時，之后我們在鐘樓下集中。

前面這座高大的建筑就是顯通寺鐘樓，它建于明代，是顯通寺較早的一處建筑。它的下層是一個石旋洞，是通往顯通寺的要道。上層是高大的木結構鐘樓，為兩層三檐廡廊式結構，上承十字頂，脊頂四端有四個雕刻精巧的龍頭。我們往上看，廊柱飛檐，交相輝映，十分壯觀。從上面遠眺，層層山巒，簇簇寺廟，歷歷在目，使人心胸開闊，大有“欲窮千里目，更上一層樓”的感覺。

細心的游客可能已經看到鐘樓上“震悟大千”這四個字了，“大千”即“大千世界”，是佛教用語的“三千大千世界”的簡稱，指廣闊無邊的世界。“震悟大千”的意思是說佛法無邊，在佛祖釋迦牟尼的教化和感召下，整個大千世界都震悟覺醒了。

既然叫鐘樓，那一定離不了鐘，現在我們上樓去看五臺山最大的一口銅鐘。

這口鐘叫“幽冥鐘”，又叫“長命鐘”，是明萬歷四十八年鑄造的，重達萬斤，因要避諱“萬歲”的“萬”字，實際只有9999.5斤。鐘口邊緣呈波浪形，顏色呈暗褐色，敲鐘時發出深沉圓潤、深厚宏亮的聲音，順風可傳十多里，余音達幾分鐘。

在沒有現代先進技術的古代，要鑄造這樣的一口巨鐘，實在不是一件容易的事情。鑄造時，采用我國歷史上鑄造技術要求最高的傳統工藝——無模鑄造，即“泥坑法”（引自中國旅游出版社出版的《五臺山導游》第17頁）。巨鐘的鑄造，充分反映了我國古代勞動人民的高度智慧和創造才能。

顯通寺的銅鐘，不僅是古代鑄造技術的代表作，而且賦予了它濃厚的佛教文化色彩，它不同于我國民間講的“晨鐘暮鼓”之鐘。關于敲鐘就很有講究。

大家都知道“做一天和尚撞一天鐘”這句話，它已成為“得過且過”的代名詞。因為在許多人看來，撞鐘很簡單，到時辰敲幾下就可混過一天，既不用動腦子，又不多花力氣。這實際上是對佛門職事僧工作的誤解。撞鐘時，要撞出輕重緩急的節奏，鐘聲要抑揚頓挫，傳的遠還要回蕩不息，要撞出具有五臺山特色的鐘聲和佛教樂理的神秘。早晚兩次撞鐘，要緊七下、慢八下，不緊不慢二十下，這是一通，重復三次，共撞105下，最后在撞三下，前后共108 下。撞鐘時還要念固定的佛經。

大家都知道張繼的詩“姑蘇城外寒山寺，夜半鐘聲到客船”，詩中寒山寺鐘聲之所以著名，不僅是因為夜半鐘聲，更在于必須在二十分鐘內敲完108下，而且最后一下，要敲在夜半十二點正，不能提前或推后一秒。可以想象，如此純熟的撞鐘功夫，是“冰凍三尺非一日之寒”。據說敲完鐘的和尚都有“鐘行汗步出鐘樓，猶如卸下千斤擔”之感。由此可見撞鐘絕非易事，來不得半點虛假，就和我們做人一樣，要實實在在。

此外，鐘的外表刻有一部楷書佛經，共一萬多字，字跡端正清晰，可惜我們現在看不到這些鑄字了。大家看，這口鐘里里外外已被成千上萬的紙條遮擋住了。為什么在鐘上貼這么多紙條呢？有這樣一種說法：有威望的和尚圓寂后，要把他的名字貼在鐘上，然后把鐘敲響，與鐘長鳴，好象在通知西方極樂世界，又一位高僧往生極樂了。現在，人們為了求得佛祖保佑，也把自己或親朋好友的名字貼在鐘上，然后把鐘敲響，不過貼名字還有個講究，為死去的人祈求平安要貼在鐘內，為活著的人祈求幸福要貼在鐘外。如果您有興趣，可千萬別貼錯啊。好了，各位游客，參觀完這口巨鐘，讓我們一起步入古樹幽幽的顯通寺內院游覽。

大家請跟我來，從這兒進去，我們將參觀中軸上觀音殿、大文殊殿等七座大殿。在這里，我要請大家想一想，我們講過，寺院第一座大殿一般是天王殿，供四大天王以守護寺院，為什么顯通寺第一座大殿不是天王殿呢？聽完我的講解，您自然會明白。

明代以前，現在的顯通寺和前面的塔院寺原本是一座寺廟，天王殿在最前面，明成祖永樂五年（1047），分為現在塔院寺和顯通寺兩處廟宇，顯通寺就沒有天王殿了，但一個寺又不能沒有守護神，于是在兩側立了兩塊石碑，大家看，一邊是“龍”，一邊是“虎”，用“龍”“虎”代替四大天王守護寺院，名叫“有龍虎把門，不用四大天王勞駕”。

中軸線上第一座大殿叫觀音殿，因在最南端，所以又叫南殿。舊時，寺院舉行的賑濟水陸生靈的水陸法會道場也設在這兒，故又稱水陸殿。殿內供奉觀世音、文殊、普賢三大士，觀音居中，殿兩側是護法天神。

觀音菩薩，雖然在佛國世界中并非首腦，但她卻是中國善男信女們最崇拜的對象，因為她大慈大悲，救苦救難，符合老百姓樸素的為人心理。

我們都知道，聲音要聽，景物要看，而觀音菩薩的名字卻很有意思，叫“觀世音”，即看世間聲音。其實不難理解，觀音菩薩法力高強，六根圓通，當然可以“觀世間聲音”，這“觀”，不是用眼，而是用智慧觀世間疾苦，以解救蕓蕓眾生。

五臺山是文殊菩薩的道場，許多寺廟內都有專門的文殊殿，顯通寺也是如此。前面這座大殿便是大文殊殿。1 2篇三：五臺山導游詞

五臺山導游詞

游客們大家好

五臺山位于山西省東北部，忻州地區五臺縣，距太原240公里，是我國著名的四大佛教名山之首，以天下第一佛教名山享譽中外，有此殊榮，一是，這里是我國最早建寺的地區之一，而且從古至今，這里的寺僧在規模上都是第一；二是，佛典有記載，這里是佛教四大菩薩之首文殊菩薩的道場；三是，歷朝歷代，凡信奉佛教的帝王，都特別關注這里，這里是我國唯一的青廟和黃廟共生榮的佛教圣地。

五臺山是我國著名的四大名山之一，也是一個融自然風光，歷史文物，古建，藝術，佛教文化為一體的旅游區。“五百里道長風風雨雨，依然日出東臺。月掛西峰，花放南山，雪霽北巔。兩千年香火斷斷續續，又是晨鐘悠揚，晚罄清澈，香煙繚繞，勝幡翩躚。”寫出了五臺山的悠久歷史和奇異風光。

今天我們要參觀的是顯通寺，在五臺山寺院當中，顯通寺的規模最大，歷史最古和洛陽的白馬寺同為中國最早的寺廟，是五臺山佛教界最為尊崇的領袖寺廟。

首先，我們看到的是鐘樓，這是五臺山最大的一口銅鐘——長鳴鐘，重達9999.5斤。

顯通寺沒有天王殿，只有兩通石碑，就是我們現在看到的龍虎二碑，此二碑寓意為龍虎把門，不勞駕四大天王。

顯通寺，占地120畝，殿堂樓舍400多間，正院內中軸線排列七座大殿，依次為：觀音殿，大文殊殿，大雄寶殿，無量殿，千缽文殊殿，銅殿和后高殿。

現在我們來到了觀音殿,殿內供奉著三尊菩薩.中間為觀音菩薩,兩邊分別為文殊菩薩和普賢菩薩,所以又叫”三大士殿”.由于兩側擺滿了經書,故也稱藏經殿.參觀完了觀音殿,我們就來到了,大文殊殿,五臺山是文殊菩薩的道場,寺廟中大都建有文殊殿,而這座文殊殿卻加了個”大”字,這個大字有四層含義:顯通寺是五臺山最古老的寺院,是五臺山寺院中建筑面積最大之一,是五臺山保存最完整之一,是供奉文殊菩薩最多的文殊殿,由于在這里可以同時拜到五方文殊,當地人稱其為方便朝臺.好,現在我們去全寺的中心,顯通寺的重要建筑,大雄寶殿,它是五臺山殿宇之最,重頂飛檐,巍峨寬大,占地一畝二分,里面供奉橫三世佛.中間為婆娑世界的釋迦牟尼,左側為東方凈琉璃世界的藥師佛,右側是西方極樂世界的阿彌陀佛;大雄寶殿即釋迦牟尼的尊稱,寓意像大勇士一樣,英勇無畏,無畏一切,殿堂采用108根木柱支撐整個大殿,進到大殿感到十分寬敞,此殿,是五臺山最大的大雄寶

殿,也是寺里舉辦盛大佛事活動的場所

這是顯通寺的第一大特色---------全木結構

現在我們眼前的這座白色全磚建筑是無梁?量?殿,由于它全部用磚壘砌而成.沒有用梁柱,所以叫無梁殿,又因為它代表的是佛法的無量,所以我們稱之為無量殿,從外觀看,似歐洲建筑,并且涂成了白色,白色在西方代表純潔,在這里象征佛教的無限光明。整個大殿從外看是7間，實際為3間，外觀2層，內為1層。殿內中間供奉佛祖的抱身像盧舍納佛，體現修成正果而得到佛境的光明智慧。

無梁殿又叫七處九會殿，取釋迦牟尼曾在7處講經9次之意，所以外觀7間，這座大殿建于明萬歷年間，距今有近400年的歷史了。此殿沒有梁柱支撐，殿頂的重量由四周厚重的墻體支撐

這是顯通寺的第二大特色---------全磚結構

建筑穿過供奉有千缽，千手，千釋迦的千缽文殊殿，我們就來到了銅殿。此殿是我國僅有的三座銅殿之一，小巧精致，殿內中這尊銅鑄的文殊坐獅像，造型美麗，四壁上的銅鑄小佛琳瑯滿目，有萬尊之多，故也有人稱之為萬佛殿，此殿是明萬歷年間，妙峰祖師化緣十萬斤銅所造，民間所流傳“顯通，顯通，十萬斤銅”，就是由此而來。

此殿也是顯通寺的第三大特色--------------全銅結構建筑

現在是自由活動的時間了，大家可以嘗嘗原平的鍋魁，莜面窩窩，高粱面魚魚，還有味道鮮美，營養價值高得臺蘑，可以看看在民間流傳了300年，具有山西黃土文化特色的剪紙，也看看形制美觀的澄泥硯。

第五篇：五臺山塔院寺導游詞

塔院寺

塔院寺位于五臺山佛教中心區臺懷鎮，原是大華嚴寺的塔院。明成祖永樂五年(1407年)擴充建寺，改用今名，是五臺山五大禪林之

一、青廟十大寺之一。塔院寺座北朝南，由橫列的殿院和禪堂僧舍組成。塔院寺現為全國重點寺院。

五臺山上百座的佛教寺院中，有一塔高聳入云、蔚為壯觀，這就是五臺山的標志性建筑，坐落于塔院寺中的——“大白塔”，寺以塔名，頗為得體，盡得風流。

據《山西省佛教名勝》記載，五臺山佛教中心區臺懷鎮，有一座高聳入云、潔白渾圓的巨大佛塔——大白塔，它是五臺山的象征，被贊譽為“清涼第一勝境”。塔院寺原為大華嚴寺（現大顯通寺）的附屬院落——“塔院”，明朝萬歷七年至十年，對寺院的殿宇進行了改建，獨立起寺與顯通寺分開，取名為塔院寺。因寺院中有釋迦牟尼舍利塔、佛足跡圖碑和五臺山當地教主文殊菩薩發塔，被佛教信徒視為佛家圣地。

我們從南正門進院，過天王殿便進入殿堂院或稱塔院。與天王殿相對的這座大殿一般寺院都稱大雄寶殿，而這里卻叫做大慈延壽寶殿，這是為了和大慈延壽寶塔即大白塔相一致。內供華嚴三圣，中間為釋迦牟尼佛，兩旁為文殊菩薩和普賢菩薩及十八羅漢。該殿是寺院僧人敬香誦經、舉行佛事活動的主要場所。

五臺山塔式建筑，就其建筑年代、建筑規模、建筑形式、建筑材料而言，都稱得上是中國現存塔建中類型較多的地區之一。在眾多的佛塔中，首數塔院寺大白塔最為著名，其它諸塔，如同眾星捧月一般，簇擁著它。

大白塔全稱：釋迦文佛真身舍利寶塔，又叫大慈延壽寶塔。始建年代難以確考，據《清涼山志》記載，此塔在漢明帝以前就已存在。

大殿北側與大慈延壽寶塔相接。大白塔按佛家正統說法是佛舍利塔。佛經記載：公元前486年，釋迦牟尼佛滅度，其佛體煉就84000顆舍利子(舍利梵文Sarira的音譯)，古印度孔雀王朝阿育王用五金七寶鑄成了84000座佛舍利塔，分布于茫茫大千世界，每座塔內藏一顆舍利子，中國有19座，五臺山獨得其一，稱之為“慈壽塔”，藏于現存大白塔腹內。現在這座藏式大白塔建于明代萬歷年間，由須彌座、塔身、塔剎三部分構成，通高56．4米，其中銅質塔剎高4．43米，塔身高50．27米，須彌座高1．7米。塔身四周，遍掛風鈴，共有252個，每遇風來，鈴聲悠揚，與寺院內的鐘聲、木魚聲、誦經唱詩聲相互呼應，無疑是一曲佛國交響樂，令人神往。大塔下層四圍筑有木柵欄，欄內可供僧眾和游人附塔繞行。在大白塔底座的一個碹洞里立有釋迎牟尼佛足碑，刻在石碑上的佛足印，長53厘米，寬20厘米，足心有千輻輪相和寶瓶魚劍圖。相傳，佛足印為釋迦牟尼涅盤之時留下，誰見到這足印并瞻禮供養就能消除災難。唐僧到印度取經時，把佛足拓印下來帶回，先是唐太宗下令將佛足刻在石上立于宗廟，后來五臺山建大白塔時，有人攜圖敬獻，刻在碑上，供僧人香客頂禮膜拜。

塔基四角建有四個小亭，在小亭的襯托下，使大白塔顯得更加壯麗美觀。環繞塔基造有可避風雨的長廊，大白塔的下層是個殿，俗稱塔殿，殿內供奉著文殊、觀世音、普賢、地藏四菩薩和一尊釋迦佛像。大白塔下置放有喇嘛寺院祈禱、誦經的法輪一百二十七個，又名轉經筒。其中大的有四個，分布于東西南北四個方位，小的一百二十三個，環繞在塔身下方。法輪呈園桶形，轉動自如，在每個法輪上都刻有“唵嘛呢叭咪吽”六字真言，也被稱為“六字大明咒”。《大乘莊嚴寶王經》說，“若此六字大明咒，著于身、觸于手、藏于家或書于門，即能逢兇化吉，遇難呈祥。據說，來人口念六字真言，并用右手依次轉動這一百二十個法輪一圈后，便可以消災除難，再轉動其中一個大的法輪九圈后，就可以功德圓滿了。

現在我們所看到的就是大藏經閣。聞名遐邇的“轉輪藏”就設置在這座大殿內。大家看，“轉輪藏”是木質經架，六角二十一層，高十米有余，上大下小。最下層底下設有轉盤，人力推動，運轉自如，設計別出心裁，獨具匠心。廟內僧人稱它“法幢世界”。這里還有兩種說法：第一種取意“法輪常轉，自動不息”能把眾生一切罪孽推碾干凈。第二種，說轉藏輪上藏有無數經書，每轉動一次，如同又念誦了一遍經典，能使人免去一切罪孽。

塔院東面是禪堂院，為僧人居住之地。1948年毛澤東、周恩來東渡黃河，進軍河北路經五臺山，曾在此院下榻，現在這里已經辟為毛主席路居紀念館。

禪堂院東側是文殊發塔院，建有一座小白塔，高約7米。相傳，在某—年的大法會期間，當齋飯的鐘聲響過，人們向塔院寺涌來，有一個衣衫破爛的女人，懷里抱著一個嬰孩，手里拎著一個小孩，身后跟著一條狗，隨人流入寺領齋飯，分飯僧給了她3份齋飯后，她又要求也給愛犬一份，分飯僧猶豫之后勉強又給了一份，這時這位女子又說：“我腹內有子，尚須分食。”分飯僧極為憤怒地說：“肚里的孩子還沒出生就要分飯食，你真是貪得無厭!”女子分辯道：“眾生平等，肚里的孩子也是有生命的。”隨后從袖子里取出一把剪子，剪下一把頭發，放在案桌上，并口中念道：“苦瓜連苦根，甜瓜徹蒂甜，是吾超三界，卻被阿師嫌。”說罷躍身騰空，化為文殊菩薩圣像，嬰孩變成二天童，狗變成了綠毛神獅。分飯僧悔恨自己待人不平等，結果冒犯了菩薩，真是有眼不識圣靈，便取刀劑去自己的雙眼。后來，就在菩薩顯圣處建了這座塔，并把菩薩留下的頭發放在里頭供養起來，取名為文殊發塔。