第一篇：英語演講選修課教案7Methods of delivery[大全]

Chapter 7

Methods of delivery Four basic methods of delivering a speech 1.Reading from a manuscript: A speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience.2.Reciting from memory

3.Speaking impromptu: a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation.4.Speaking extemporaneously: A carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes.The speaker’s voice 1.volume : the loudness or softness of the speaker’s voice.Too loud, your listeners will think you boorish Too soft, your listeners will not understand you.To be heard clearly is the principle.2.Pitch: the highness or lowness of the speaker’s voice.Monotone: a constant pitch or tone of voice,(no variation in pitch)should be avoid.3.Rate: the speed at which a person speaks.There is no uniform rate for effective speechmaking.Martin Luther King spoke at roughly 90 words per minute;Franklin Roosevelt spoke at 110 words per minute, John Kennedy at 180，A fast rate helps crate feelings of happiness, fear, anger, and surprise, while a slow rate is better for expressing sadness or disgust.Two obvious faults to avoid are speaking so slowly that your listeners become bored or so quickly that they lose track of your ideas.4.Pauses: A momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech.Learning how and when to pause is a major challenge for most beginning speakers.Even a moment of silence can seem like an eternity.As you gain more poise and confidence, you will discover how useful the pause can be.It can signal the end of a thought unit, give an idea time to sink in, and lend dramatic impact to a statement.When you do pause, make sure you pause at the end of a thought unit and not in the middle.Otherwise, you may distract listeners from your ideas.Most important, do not fill the silence with vocalized pauses like “uh”, “er”, or “um”.Mark Twain: The right word may be effective, but no word was ever as effective as a rightly timed pause.5.vocal variety: changes in a speaker’s rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness.Just as variety is the spice of life, so is it the spice of public speaking.A flat, listless, unchanging voice is just as deadly to speechmaking as a flat, listless, unchanging routine is to daily life.Diagnose your voice to decide which aspects need improvement.Record your speeches to hear how they sound.Try them out on your friends.And make adjustments.If you want to learn more, surf http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/esl/eslstudent.html 6.Pronunciation 7.articulation: the physical production of particular speech sounds.Word

Misarticulation ought to

otta didn’t

dint for

fur want to

wanna

The speaker’s body Posture, facial expression, gestures, eye contact------all effect the way listeners respond to a speaker.Here are the major aspects of physical action that will affect the outcome of your speeches.Personal appearance : A number of studies have confirmed that personal appearance plays an important role in speechmaking.Listeners always see you before they hear you, so you should dress and groom appropriately.You should try to evoke a favorable first impression—an impression that is likely to make listeners more receptive to what you say.Movement:

As you rise to speak, try to appear calm, poised, and confident, despite the butterflies in your stomach.When you reach the lectern, don’t lean on it, and don’t rush into your speech.Give yourself time to get set.Arrange your notes just the way you want them.Stand quietly as you wait to make sure the audience is paying attention.Establish eye contact with your listeners.Then---and only then---should you start to talk.When you reach the end of your speech, maintain eye contact for a few moments after you stop talking.This will give your closing line time to sink in.All this advice is common sense, yet you would be surprised how many people need it.When practicing your speeches, spend a little time rehearsing how you will behave at the beginning and at the end.It is one of the easiest—and one of the most effective----things you can do to improve your image with an audience.Gestures

The rule is: whatever gestures you make should not draw attention to themselves and distract from your massage.They should appear natural and spontaneous, help clarify or reinforce your ideas, and be suited to the audience and occasion.Eye contact(direct visual contact with the eyes of another person)One of the quickest ways to establish a communicative bond with your listeners is to look at them personally and pleasantly.Avoiding their gaze is one of the surest ways to lose them.There is a great deal of research to show that speakers in the United States who refuse to establish eye contact are perceived as tentative or ill at ease and may be seen as insincere or dishonest.As you look at your listeners, be alert for their reactions: Can they hear you? Do they understand you? Are they awake? Your eyes will help you answer these questions.It is not enough just to look at your listeners: how you look at them also counts.A blank stare is almost as bad as no eye contact at all.So is a fierce, hostile glower or a series of frightened, bewildered glances.Summary Speech delivery is a matter of nonverbal communication.It is based on how you use your voice and body to convey the message expressed by your words.You cannot make a good speech without having something to say, but you also need to know how to say it.Rather than calling attention to itself, effective delivery conveys the speaker’s ideas clearly, engagingly, and without distracting the audience.There are four basic methods of delivering a speech:

To use your voice effectively you should work on controlling your volume, pitch, rate, pauses, vocal variety, pronunciation, articulation.Posture, personal appearance, facial expression, gestures, and eye contact also affect the way listeners respond to speakers.

第二篇：英語演講選修課教案7Methods of delivery

Chapter 7Methods of delivery

Four basic methods of delivering a speech

1.Reading from a manuscript: A speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience.2.Reciting from memory

3.Speaking impromptu: a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation.4.Speaking extemporaneously: A carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes.The speaker’s voice

1.volume : the loudness or softness of the speaker’s voice.Too loud, your listeners will think you boorish

Too soft, your listeners will not understand you.To be heard clearly is the principle.2.Pitch: the highness or lowness of the speaker’s voice.Monotone: a constant pitch or tone of voice,(no variation in pitch)should be avoid.3.Rate: the speed at which a person speaks.There is no uniform rate for effective speechmaking.Martin Luther King spoke at roughly 90 words per minute;Franklin Roosevelt spoke at 110 words per minute, John Kennedy at 180,A fast rate helps crate feelings of happiness, fear, anger, and surprise, while a slow rate is better for expressing sadness or disgust.Two obvious faults to avoid are speaking so slowly that your listeners become bored or so quickly that they lose track of your ideas.4.Pauses: A momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech.Learning how and when to pause is a major challenge for most beginning speakers.Even a moment of silence can seem like an eternity.As you gain more poise and confidence, you will discover how useful the pause can be.It can signal the end of a thought unit, give an idea time to sink in, and lend dramatic impact to a statement.When you do pause, make sure you pause at the end of a thought unit and not in the middle.Otherwise, you may distract listeners from your ideas.Most important, do not fill the silence with vocalized pauses like “uh”, “er”, or “um”.Mark Twain: The right word may be effective, but no word was ever as effective as a rightly timed pause.5.vocal variety: changes in a speaker’s rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness.Just as variety is the spice of life, so is it the spice of public speaking.A flat, listless, unchanging voice is just as deadly to speechmaking as a flat, listless, unchanging routine is to daily life.Diagnose your voice to decide which aspects need improvement.Record your speeches to hear how they sound.Try them out on your friends.And make adjustments.If you want to learn more, surf

6.Pronunciation

7.articulation: the physical production of particular speech sounds.WordMisarticulation

ought tootta

didn’tdint

forfur

want towanna

The speaker’s body

Posture, facial expression, gestures, eye contact------all effect the way listeners respond to a speaker.Here are the major aspects of physical action that will affect the outcome of your speeches.Personal appearance : A number of studies have confirmed that personal appearance plays an important role in speechmaking.Listeners always see you before they hear you, so you should dress and groom appropriately.You should try to evoke a favorable first impression—an impression that is likely to make listeners more receptive to what you say.Movement:

As you rise to speak, try to appear calm, poised, and confident, despite the butterflies in your stomach.When you reach the lectern, don’t lean on it, and don’t rush into your speech.Give yourself time to get set.Arrange your notes just the way you want them.Stand quietly as you wait to make sure the audience is paying attention.Establish eye contact with your listeners.Then---and only then---should you start to talk.When you reach the end of your speech, maintain eye contact for a few moments after you stop talking.This will give your closing line time to sink in.All this advice is common sense, yet you would be surprised how many people need it.When practicing your speeches, spend a little time rehearsing how you will behave at the beginning and at the end.It is one of the easiest—and one of the most effective----things you can do to improve your image with an audience.Gestures

The rule is: whatever gestures you make should not draw attention to themselves and distract from your massage.They should appear natural and spontaneous, help clarify or reinforce your ideas, and be suited to the audience and occasion.Eye contact(direct visual contact with the eyes of another person)

One of the quickest ways to establish a communicative bond with your listeners is to look at them personally and pleasantly.Avoiding their gaze is one of the surest ways to lose them.There is a great deal of research to show that speakers in the United States who refuse to establish eye contact are perceived as tentative or ill at ease and may be seen as insincere or dishonest.As you look at your listeners, be alert for their reactions: Can they hear you? Do they understand you? Are they awake? Your eyes will help you answer these questions.It is not enough just to look at your listeners: how you look at them also counts.A blank stare is almost as bad as no eye contact at all.So is a fierce, hostile glower or a series of frightened, bewildered glances.Summary

Speech delivery is a matter of nonverbal communication.It is based on how you use your voice and body to convey the message expressed by your words.You cannot make a good speech without having something to say, but you also need to know how to say it.Rather than calling attention to itself, effective delivery conveys the speaker’s ideas clearly, engagingly, and without distracting the audience.There are four basic methods of delivering a speech:

To use your voice effectively you should work on controlling your volume, pitch, rate, pauses, vocal variety, pronunciation, articulation.Posture, personal appearance, facial expression, gestures, and eye contact also affect the way listeners respond to speakers.

第三篇：英語演講選修課4introduction

Lesson Four Introduction 1.Getting attention and interest(1)Relate the topic to the audience(2)State the importance of your topic(3)Startle the audience(4)Arouse the curiosity of the audience(5)Question the audience(6)Begin with a quotation(7)Tell a story 2.Reveal the topic 3.Establish credibility

? Credibility: the audience’s perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.Your credibility need not be based on firsthand knowledge and experience.It can come from reading, from classes, from interviews, from friends.4 Preview the body of the speech

? Preview statement

? A statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body of the speech.Tips for preparing the introduction

1.Keep the introduction relatively brief.Under normal circumstances it should not constitute more than 10 to 20 percent of your speech.2.Be on the lookout for possible introductory materials as you do your research.File them with your notes, so they will be handy when you are ready for them.3.Be creative in devising your introduction.Experiment with two or three different openings and choose the one that seems most likely to get the audience interested in your speech.4.Don’t worry about the exact wording of your introduction until you have finished preparing the body of the speech.After you have determined your main points, it will be much easier to make final decisions about how to begin the speech.5.Work out your introduction in detail.Some teachers recommend that you write it out word for word;others prefer that you outline it.Whichever method you use, practice the introduction over and over until you can deliver it smoothly from a minimum of notes and with strong eye contact.This will get your speech off to a good start and give you a big boost of confidence.Some common faults of introductions

????? Don’t apologize.Don’t pretend

Don’t make hollow promises

Don’t rely on gimmicks

Don’t preface your introduction

第四篇：英語演講選修課5conclusion

Lesson 5 Conclusion Teaching Aim and Requirement Acquire a basic knowledge of topic，purpose and central idea of a public speech。

Teaching methods PPt, interact between teacher & student Assignments

Write a short passage covering the general purpose , specific purpose and central idea.Checklist for purposes Teaching procedures

To let the audience know you are ending the speech

? ? ? ? ? “In conclusion”

“One last thought”

“In closing”

“My purpose has been”

“Let me end by saying”

Reinforce the central idea 1.Summarize your speech 2.End with a quotation 3.Make a dramatic statement 4.Refer to the introduction 5.Motivate

Tips for preparing the conclusion 1.As with the introduction, keep an aye out for possible concluding materials as you research and develop the speech.2.Conclude with a bang, not a whimper.Be creative in devising a conclusion that hits the hearts and minds of your audience.Work on several possible endings, and select the one that seems likely to have the greatest impact.3.Do not be long-winded.The conclusion will normally make up no more than about 5 to 10 percent of your speech.Nothing aggravates audiences more than a speaker who says, “In conclusion” and keeps on talking.1

第五篇：英語演講選修課1ABC

Lesson one

Public Speaking A B C Teaching Aim and Requirement Aimed at ensuring the Ss to have a basic knowledge of public speaking.Teaching methods PPt, interact between teacher & student Assignments

What are the essentials of an effective speech? How to overcome nervousness? Teaching procedures

Why study public speaking ? Increase personal and social abilities Public speaking provides training in a variety of personal and social competencies.For example, self-awareness, self-confidence and dealing with the fear of communicating.? Enhance your academic and career skills As you learn public speaking, you also will learn a wide variety of academic and career skills.These skills are central, but not limited, to public speaking.A few additional abilities that you should refine during this course that will help you throughout your career are the abilities to: ? Explain complex concepts clearly ? Support an argument with all the available means of persuasion ? Understand human motivation and be able to use your insights in persuasive encounters ? Organize a variety of messages for clarity and persuasiveness ? Refine your general communication abilities Public speaking also will develop and refine your general communication abilities by helping you to improve competencies such as: ? Developing a more effective communication style ? Enhancing your self-concept and self-esteem ? Adjusting message to specific listeners ? Detecting and responding to feedback ? Developing logical and emotional appeals ? Building and communicating your credibility ? Increase your public speaking abilities What is public speaking? “A man speaking is four things,… First, he is a will, an intention, a meaning which he wishes others to have, a thought;second, he is a user of language, molding thought and feeling into words;third, he is a thing to be heard, carrying his purpose and words to others through voice;and last he is a thing to be seen, shown to the sight, a being of action to be noted and read through the eye.”--Woolbert “Speech is thought conceived, transmitted, and expressed by brain, voice, and body, producing stimuli for auditors and for the speaker himself and influencing subsequent thoughts, feelings and actions.” Wilson Public Speaking Vs Conversation Purpose: both communicate with a certain purpose Audience: a public speech is usually directed at more listeners.Feedback: public speaking is relatively uninterrupted discourse.Delivery: public speaking requires intensified volume of voice and bodily action.Materials and organization: public speeches are mostly prepared ones.Impromptu speeches are rare.The essentials of a speech Objective: Before you start to prepare a speech, you would ask yourself: “Why am I making this speech? Do you need to inform, to persuade, to train or to sell? ”Your objective should be clear in your mind.If it is not clear in your mind, it cannot possibly be clear to your audience.Audience: “Whom am I making this speech to?” Sometimes this will be obvious, but not always.You should try to inform yourself.How many people? Who are they? Business people? Professional people? Political people? Experts or non-experts? Will it be a small, intimate group of 4 colleagues or a large of 400 competitors? How much do they know already and what will they expect from you? Place: Where am I making this speech? In a small hotel meeting-room or a large conference hall? What facilities and equipment are available? What are the seating arrangements?

Time and length: When am I making this speech? How long will it be? Will it be 5 minutes or one hour? Just before lunch, when your audience will be hungry, or just after lunch, when your audience will be sleepy? Method: How should I make this speech? What approach should you use? Formal or informal? Lots of visual aids or only a few? Will you include some anecdotes and humor for variety? Content: What should I say? Now you must decide exactly what you want to say.First, you should brainstorm your ideas.You will no doubt discover many ideas that you want to include in your speech.But you must be selective.You should include only information that is relevant to your audience and your objective.You should exclude all other ideas.You also need to create a title for your speech.The title will help you to focus on the subject.You can always give additional information during the questions after the speech.Notes: When you give your speech, you should be—or appear to be as spontaneous as possible.You should not read your speech!You should be so familiar with your subject and with the information that you want to deliver.Reading a text is boring, and will make your audience go to sleep.So if you do not have a text to read, how can you remember to say everything you need to say? The answer is WITH NOTES!You can create your own system of notes, Some people make notes on small, A6 cards.Some write down just the title of each section of their talk.The notes will give you confidence, but because you will have prepared your speech fully, you may not even need them.Rehearsal: You will become more familiar with what you want to say;

You will identify weaknesses in your speech.You will be able to practice difficult pronunciations;

You will be able to check the time that your speech takes and make any necessary modifications.Rehearsal is a vital part of preparation.You should leave time to practice you speech two or three times.Even the great speaker sometimes will be in panic and slip into a bathroom for practice before making a speech.Ten steps for preparation Step 1---Select a topic for your speech

Use audience centered approach to select your topic Step 2---Determine your specific purpose, central idea and main points

Use the audience centered approach as you compose these.Step 3---Research your speech

Internet resources Step 4---Be audience centered----Audience analysis;Who is your audience and what are their needs? Step 5---Supporting your speech

Use support materials that are: pertinent, varied, sufficient, detailed, appropriate Step 6---Outlining your speech

Use the basic informative outline to organize materials Step 7---Select visual aids for your speech

Be familiar with the Guidelines and tips for using visual aids Step 8---Practicing your speech

Perfect practice makes perfect.Step 9---Using creative visualization to ensure a successful speech.Tips on using visualization to help prepare you for your presentation Step 10---Presenting your speech on speech day

Tips on giving effective presentations and tips on dealing with nervousness.Practice your speech, you can try these ways: 1.practice alone 2.use a mirror 3.stand in a corner 4.record your practice 5.use a friendly audience 3