第一篇：英文胸片報告

xxxxxxxxxx Hospital

中國石油Chest X-Ray Report

Date 2013/08/16

Gender: Female Age:23 DOB:1990/10/22 No ：2013081618 Name:

ProjectionPosition：Chest Film in upright PA view Imaging findings：

1、Thorax is symmetrical in bilateral.2、Trachea is in the middle.3、Both lung field are clear.Hilus of the lung are not enlargement.4、The size and shape of heart are normal.Cardiothoracic ratio is 0.5.5、Mediastinum is normal.6、Both diaphragmas are normal.Diagnosis conclusion :

Examination of chest X-ray is normal.Examiner:

Reviewer: Date:

第二篇：如何閱讀胸片解讀

如何正確閱讀胸片

怒江州人民醫院放射科張偉萬

由于醫院開展急救技能操作培訓三基訓練及醫療急救技能比賽，我有幸成為影像方面的指導老師。接此任務后，不知該從何講起，我認為臨床醫生更多地了解和掌握影像方面的知識十分必要，不要只會看放射科醫師的報告單，而不會就患者影像資料及臨床做出合理診斷。為此，我選擇如何正確閱讀胸片，與大家一起共同復習，并增加部分CT圖像，以期達到拋磚引玉的功效。

胸片上我們可以獲得肺組織的滲出、增殖、鈣化、腫塊等基本表現及肋骨骨折、胸腔積液、積極氣等信息。要想讀好胸片首先要知道正常胸片是怎樣的，正常胸片可以用以下的文字描述，并且看每一張片子時也可以按照這個順序來看，以便養成好的習慣。“胸廓對稱，兩側肋骨肋間隙正常；兩肺紋理清晰，未見明顯實質性浸潤；兩側肺門縱膈未見明顯異常；心臟大小形態在正常范圍；膈肌平滑，雙側肋膈角銳利。”下邊我具體敘述一些細節問題：

1.如何數肋骨？數肋骨是看片的基礎，我以下要說的很多東西都是以肋骨作為標志的。正常胸片肋骨從后上向前下數，第一肋與鎖骨圍成一個類圓形的透亮區，這一部分也是肺尖所在的區域，兩側對比有利于發現肺尖的病灶。

2.如何判斷肺紋理是否正常？我們知道一側肺野從肺門到肺的外周分為三等份分別稱為肺的內、中、外帶，正常情況下肺內中帶有肺紋理，外帶無，如果外帶出現了肺紋理則有肺紋理的增多，反之內中帶透亮度增加則肺紋理減少。對肺內中外帶的區分還有一個意義，那就是對氣胸時肺壓縮的判斷，一般來說肺內中外帶占肺的量分別為60％、30％、10％。

3.縱膈與肺門：肺門前方平第二到四肋間隙，后平對四到六胸椎棘突高度，在后正中線與肩胛骨內側緣連線中點的垂直線上。這有什么

意義呢？舉個例子：在纖維空洞性肺結核時，有“肺門上提”，如果你知道了正常肺門的位置就很容易判斷是否是肺門上提。關于縱隔主要是判斷是否有移位。

4.心臟：心臟后對五到八胸椎，前對二到六肋骨。我們在讀片的時候經常聽到有一個概念叫“主動脈結”，它是什么意思呢？在哪里呢？主動脈結就是主動脈弓由右轉向左出突出于胸骨左緣的地方，它平對左胸第二肋軟骨。肺動脈段位于主動脈結下方，對判斷肺動脈高壓很有意義。

5.膈肌和肋膈角：一般右肋膈頂在第五肋前端至第六肋前間水平，由于右側有肝臟的存在，右膈頂通常要比左側高一到兩厘米。意義：胸腔或腹腔壓力的改變可以改變膈肌的位置如氣胸時膈位置可以壓低；正常的肋膈角是銳利的，如果肋膈角變鈍則有胸腔有積液或積血存在，如何來大體判斷積液的量呢？一般說肋膈角變鈍：積液300ml；肋膈角閉鎖：500ml。

6.乳頭位置也是我們經常碰到的一個問題，男性乳頭一般位于第五肋前間，女性乳頭位置可較低，兩側不對稱的乳頭陰影易誤診為節結病灶。

7.如何判斷病灶是來自肺內還是來自胸膜腔？一般來說如果病灶大部分在肺內則病灶來自肺內；可以結合側位片來判斷，同時CT可以精確鑒別。

8.什么叫心尖上翹？什么叫心尖下移？有什么意義？心影的最外緣在膈平面以上稱心尖上翹，代表右心室肥厚；反之心影的最外緣在膈平面以下稱心尖下移，代表左心室肥厚。關于側位片心前三角變小則右心室大；心后三角大則左心室大。

部分典型病例影像表現:

第三篇：胸片報告單_自己填

XXX醫院 DR

診斷報告單

姓

名： xxx

性別：

年

齡：

歲

病歷號： 放射號：

科室：

床

號：床

檢查日期：

檢查部位：

胸部正位片

影像所見：

雙肺紋理清楚，肺野內未見明顯異常密度影。心影形態、大小屬于正常范圍之內，雙膈面光滑、雙側肋膈角銳利。

診斷：

雙肺及心影未見明顯異常。

報告醫生： 審核醫生： 簽名：

聯系電話：CR,DR,磁共振室：

： CT室：；

急診電話：

注：本報告僅反映受檢者當時情況，僅供臨床醫生參考，不作診斷證明。

報告日期：

2010/04/23

第四篇：英文報告

專業定制各類報告，淘寶ID：華中秘書網

Introduction

Since the past several tens of years, it has witnessed the prosperous period of industrial development in most countries in the world, bringing incalculable wealth and prosperity to human beings.However, with what it comes is unexpected ecological degradation.According to historical records in Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, in 2005, nearly two-thirds of the world’s ecosystems were degraded and being used un-sustainably, leading to inestimable as well as irreversible damage.Therefore, currently humans are faced with a series of issues caused by ecosystems degradation, such as global warming, deforestation and desertification, acid rain, industrial accidents and toxic wastes and more, thus causing a series of social problems including the goals of eliminating poverty ,food safety issues, world economic collapse, the survival and continuous development of mankind, the negative effect caused by the consumption manners of people, resources competition among countries and more.In order to solve these problems, the idea of sustained development comes into being and has a profound influence on the society.Now we are going to usher in a new transition to sustainability is absolutely necessary, but what is sustainable development? And how to understand the content involved in sustainable development? IS it a supreme political issue?

The objective of this article is to discuss whether sustainable development is a supreme political issue or not.Based on the basic concepts of sustainable development, the paper focus on different ideologies, values, ethics or discourses associated with sustainable development and how to weigh up the the proposition above in terms of whether sustainable development is about values, choices and whether it is a political issue or not.At the end of the paper, it discusses some solutions associated with politics to boost the implementation of sustainable development.What is sustainable development? 專業定制各類報告，淘寶ID：華中秘書網

Sustainable development has been defined in many ways, but the most frequently quoted definition is from Our Common Future(United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development(WCED),1987), also known as the Brundtland Report:”Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.It organizes its topic around the key factors of sustainable development to spread out, in particular suitable for those interdependent and multilateral nations in the search for a sustainable development path.Similarly, since early in 1972, the United Nations had held the Stockholm Conference focus on the spirit of Human Environment.And also that was the first time that environmental concerns had been brought into the formal political development sphere.Here is another commonly accepted definition is “Sustainability and sustainable development itself are about collective values and related choices, and are therefore a political issue, almost certainly the supreme political issue of our century”(Prugh & Assadourian, 2003: 11).It also considers the values, choices and the politics embedded in these different explanations of sustainable development.Additionally, there exist some other similar definitions but focus is different.Emphasizing inter-generational equity “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs”(United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987).Deriving from this concept, a commonly accepted explanation is that development must be sustainable in social, economy and environment and cannot be short of one in the three.It is necessary for us to find ways to achieve the inter-generational equity under the threshold of sustainable development.專業定制各類報告，淘寶ID：華中秘書網

Therefore, we should emphasize firmly the inter-generational equity in meeting essentials and improving the standards of living,but while minimizing the utilization of resources and the generation of wastes and pollutants over the full life cycle of products.Reduction, reuse and recycling of resources in both production and consumption processes are the core part of circular economy.Emphasizing social justice and limits to growth Herman Daly suggested that sustainable development is “development without growth beyond the environmental carrying capacity, where development means qualitative improvement and growth means quantitative increase”(Daly, Introductory chapter, 1999).He called for an approach to sustainability that “strives for sufficient per capita wealth – efficiently maintained and allocated and equitably distributed – for the maximum number of people that can be sustained under these conditions.”(Daly, On Wilfred Beckerman's Critique of Sustainable Development, 1995)To some degree, sustainable development must also be socially just.Apart from keep ecosystem resilience and stability, conditions of social justice may include: 1)not compromising future generations’ capability to meet their needs;2)the rights of poor countries and poor people to get rid of poverty and the obligations of rich countries and rich people to alter their immoderate consumption levels;3)equal treatment of women in access to opportunities and jobs.In addition, issues of good governance and democracy are also vital to assure social justice and equity.Emphasizing science: Still some others hold that sustainable development is not just a supreme political issue.According to them, science seems to be more important on the road of sustainable development(Boulding, 1966).Despite of all the technological and scientific triumphs of the current century, the gap between poor and wealthy is largest in history, and the number of poor is continuously increasing.Additionally, there exist a lot of serious issues related to the human survival and sustainable development.Therefore,it may be more important than ever for scientists to keep the doors of their laboratories to economic,social, political and ideological fields, because most of the challenges we are facing in the pursuit of sustainable development rooted rely on technology and science.If there is no a perfect balance between the most up-to date scientific data information and committed political leadership, it could never have been achieved.But on my opinion, the role of the science is magnified to some extent.I admit that science is very crucial to sustainable development, but it cannot cover as many as aspects just as politics, so generally speaking,I agree that sustainable development is a political issue.

第五篇：英文報告格式

report title unit code and unit name declaration i hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person or material which has to a substantial extent been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at any university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment has been made in the text.原創性聲明

茲呈交的論文，是本人在導師指導下獨立完成的研究成果，在論文寫作過程中參考的其他個人或集體的研究成果均在文中以明確方式標明，本人依法享有和承擔由此論文而產生的權利和責任。signature(簽名): ________________ date（時間）: ________________ table of contents(字體times new roman, 四號，)（空一行）1.introduction.............................................................................................4 2.sample title.............................................................................................4 2.1 sample title..................................................................................................................4 2.1.1 sample title........................................................................................................4 2.1.2 sample title........................................................................................................4 2.2 sample title..................................................................................................................5 2.3 sample title..................................................................................................................5 3.conclusion..............................................................................................5

bibliography...............................................................................................6 appendices i...............................................................................................7（制作目錄請選擇菜單中的：插入——引用——索引和目錄——目錄——確定，即可，然后將字體改為小四號。不要自己輸入）1.introduction(標題1樣式，字體times new roman, 字號三號，標題與正文之間不空行。)this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.（正文字體使用times new roman，字號用小四號字體，1.5倍行距，兩端對齊，頂頭式即每段開頭不空格）

（每段結束之后一定要空一行）2.sample title 2.1 sample title（第二層標題，選擇標題2的樣式，樣式框在字體框之前；然后將字體改為times new roman，字號改為小三號，字體加粗；下面不空行）2.1.1 sample title（第三層標題，選擇標題3的樣式，樣式框在字體框之前；然后將字體改為times new roman，字號改為四號，字體加粗；下面是正文則不空行）this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.2.1.2 sample title this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text:(a)this is sample text.(b)this is sample text.(c)this is sample text.(d)this is sample text..(每一小標題中如果有多個要點，請放在一個整段中，用（1）（2）或者(a)(b)等標出；如果是并列的幾個詞組，可以用分號隔開；不要每個單獨成行，也不用分到下一級1.1.2.1 和 1.1.2.2 之類的標題了。)2.2 sample title this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.2.3 sample title this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.3.conclusion this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.篇二：英文讀書報告撰寫格式

英文讀書報告撰寫格式

1．字體均為times new roman 報告題目為3號黑體居中

學生姓名、專業班級、學號、正文及參考文獻均為小4號

雙倍行距

2．打印紙張規格：用a4紙單面打印。3．報告第一頁第一行應為：報告題目

第二行靠右應為：學生姓名、專業班級、學號

接下來是正文；參考文獻在正文之后。4.報告字數為1000---1500字。

附：

英文讀書報告寫作知識 the book report 1.three main parts of a book report generally speaking, a book report consists of the following three main parts: ? information about the author and his times ? a summary of the book a description of the author’s times should be given together with a brief account of his life.it should include the circumstances that led to the writing of the book under discussion and the historical and social background related to the content of the book.to make these things clear, the writer perhaps needs to read some reference material, such as biographies of the author and histories of the period described in the book.2.writing of the book report 1)the summary of the book should be self-contained, clear, and easy to understand.above all, it should be objective.3)the summary of a novel or a play is usually written in the present tense, while that of nonfiction, in the tense of the original work: for example, the past tense should be used for a history, and the present for a scientific work.weekly report name day, month and year 1.achievements planned in the last report.make sure the information is presented in such a way understandable by the readers.it is not expected to have significant achievements every week.but you should achieve something at least every two weeks.3.activities list your main research related activities in the week.if you have some other major work, list them as well so that i can know your workload and difficulties.4.work planned next week 5.attachments list attachments included with the report.it is not necessary to have attachments every week.? must limit this report to one page.you can use smaller fonts or page margins if needed.? email your report to me.weekly report example from xxx to xxx 1.achievements ? ? ? 3.activities ? ? ? ? ? 4.work planned next week ? ? ? ? the results will be documented in a simple draft report 5.attachments ? ? inrush current plotted and my analysis list of papers read篇四：英文論文寫作格式要求 精華 implicational meaning of the scarlet a in the scarlet letter by name a thesis submitted to foreign languages department in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of b.a in english university may, 2011 contents 1.introduction................................................................................................................1 3.different meanings of the scarlet a to various characters.........................................2 3.1 different meanings of the scarlet a to hester prynne..........................................2 3.1.1 a for “agony” and “anguish”......................................................................2 3.1.2 a for “able”, “admirable” and “angel”......................................................2 3.2 different meaning of scarlet a to dimmesdale....................................................2 3.2.1 “a” for “apostle” and “adam”....................................................................3 3.2.2 “a” for “arthur”...........................................................................................3 4.the influence of the scarlet letter “a” on various characters....................................3 4.1 hester prynne.......................................................................................................3 4.2 arthur dimmesdale..............................................................................................3 5.conclusion.................................................................................................................3 references....................................................................................錯誤！未定義書簽。

目錄頁的要求 1)單獨占一頁，不加頁碼，目錄用contents一詞表示，目錄中的字體用小四號times new roman字體，不加粗，1.5倍行距。2)目錄頁從introduction開始（前面加阿拉伯數字形式的序號1），其次為各級標題，conclusion前面也要加序號，最后一項為bibliography(前面不加序號)。3)中英文摘要和關鍵詞均不出現在目錄中。4)目錄如有兩頁或更多，則雙面打印，打印時加頁碼，頁碼形式為i, ii, iii?。implicational meaning of the scarlet a in the scarlet letter(論文題目：小二號,times new roman，與其后的內容之間不空行)name：xxx student id: xxx（學生姓名與student一詞之間空五個空格。此行內容與摘要之間空一行。）abstract the novel the scarlet letter is the masterpiece of nathanial hawthorne;the well-known romantic novelist of america in the 19th century, in this book, the author uses a scarlet a as the focus and center of the book.this thesis, focus on different meanings of the scarlet a, its influence on the four main characters and their results, reveals various implications of the scarlet letter a.key words hawthorne;scarlet a;implication（摘要部分字數要求在200-250字之間，摘要部分的行距為固定值20磅，內容全部用五號，times new roman字體。其中，abstract一詞加粗，其后空一格；key words是兩個單詞，加粗，其后空一格，關鍵詞中除專有名詞外，其他關鍵詞一律不大寫，關鍵詞之間用分號隔開，最后一格關鍵詞后沒有任何標點。關鍵詞這一行之后，論文的introduction部分之間空一行，行距為固定值20磅。）1.introduction（introduction 作為論文正文的第一部分，相當于一級標題，前面要加序號，序號樣式為阿拉伯數字1，數字后面加句點，字體為小四號times new roman，加粗，標題1.introduction與后面的內容之間空一行，行距為固定值20磅。introduction 部分中的內容用五號times new roman字體，此部分的應包括以下及方面： 1）選題的目的和意義；

2）國內外對該選題的研究狀況綜述，選擇羅列主要研究者的主要文獻及觀點； 3）本論文的研究內容，方法，角度和意義； 4）本論文的結構，例如：this thesis consists of four parts, the first part introduces ?., the second part studies ?, the third part explores?, and the last part is conclusion.5）字數不少于500字。introduction前面的序號作頂格，此部分的內容，分段即可，無需用小標題的形式。introduction的內容之后，下一個標題之前，空一行，行距為固定值20磅。this novel is notable for its allegory and symbolism.（此部分內容的字體為五號，times new roman）3.different meanings of the scarlet a to various characters.（同標題2的要求）

3.1 different meanings of the scarlet a to hester prynne.（二級標題為小四號times new roman，行距為固定值20磅，與正文內容之間不空行。二級標題的序號左縮進兩個空格，標題中的內容除第一個單詞的首字母大寫外，其余單詞的首字母一律不大寫，但專有名詞除外。）hester prynne, the heroine of the novel, wears the scarlet letter a for seven years.（此部分內容的字體為五號，times new roman）3.1.1 a for “agony” and “anguish”（三級標題的序號之前向右縮進四個空格，字號為五號times new roman字體，行距為固定值20磅，與正文內容之間不空行，）chang ruifang writes “the implication of the scarlet letter is actually agony and anguish.”[1]（此部分內容的字體為五號，times new roman）3.1.2 a for “able”, “admirable” and “angel”（同標題3.1.1的要求）as the story develops, the scarlet letter is a “hymn on the moral growth of the woman” [2]（此部分內容的字體為五號，times new roman）3.2 different meaning of scarlet a to dimmesdale（同標題3.1.的要求）dimmesdale always has a scarlet letter in his heart, which represents “apostle”, “adam” [1] chang ruifang.analytical discussion on the implication of the scarlet letter a and its dual nature, 2001:75.[2] 常耀信.美國文學簡史,2003:289.篇五：英文實驗報告的格式和寫法

英文實驗報告的格式和寫法【轉】 2010-10-04 06:03 一份最標準的實驗報告的格式： 1.abstract 2.introduction 3.method 4.results 5.discussion 6.conclusion 7.reference 分別來分享下近來學到的。abstract 摘要摘要，就是整篇文章摘出來的要。

強烈建議整篇文章寫完后再寫摘要。

把文章每個部分選一些句子出來就可以拼湊成一個abstract了。

一個abstract 的模板： 1 一兩句話說明這個實驗的主要理論依據，或者實驗需要證明的假說。2 一兩句話說一下這個理論或者假說的相關的研究。3 兩三句話描述一下實驗 4 兩三句話概括一下實驗結果 5 一句話說一個結論，解釋一下這個實驗的意義或結果的重要性

轉一個別人的example: does a child’s focus correlate with barometric pressure? if so, does it correlate positively or negatively? tucker(1999)hypothesized a negative correlation, but this assertion has never been tested.our team used the misha cpt to measure the focus of a group of 150 third-grade students.we divided the students into three groups of 50 students.one group took the misha cpt when barometric pressure was low, another group took it when barometric pressure was neutral, and the final group took it when barometric pressure was high.the results found that children focused significantly better when barometric pressure was low than when barometric pressure was neutral or high.the results suggest that when diagnosing adhd, practitioners should give the cpt when barometric pressure is neutral.introduction introduction以實驗目的為開頭，解釋一下這個實驗需要證明的東西。具體實驗目的視全篇實驗報告長度而定，幾段到幾頁都有的。

實驗目的寫完后介紹實驗基本理論。介紹一下前人或者文獻里的相近相關的實驗，寫一下他們的成果以及不到位的地方。（well, 如果是學校安排的每年都要

做的實驗就寫寫類似相關實驗的優劣吧），這部分注意寫reference。

然后介紹一下實驗過程。如果實驗用了一些非常見的儀器，也可以在這個部分做一個簡要介紹。

再轉一篇我認為寫得很好的introduction example introduction in this lab, we explore the theory of optimal foraging and the theory of central place foraging using beavers as the model animal.foraging refers to the mammalian behavior associated with searching for food.the optimal foraging theory assumes that animals feed in a way that maximizes their net rate of energy intake per unit time(pyke et al.1977).an animal may either maximize its daily energy intake(energy maximizer)or minimize the time spent feeding(time minimizer)in order to meet minimum the central place theory is used to describe animals that collect food and store it in a fixed location in their home range, the central place(jenkins 1980).the factors associated with the optimal foraging theory also apply to the central place theory.the central place theory predicts that retrieval costs increase linearly with distance of the resource from the central place(rockwood and hubbell 1987).central place feeders are very selective when choosing food that is far from the central place since they have to spend time and energy hauling it back to the storage site(schoener 1979).the main objective of this lab was to determine beaver(castor canadensis)food selection based on tree species, size, and distance.since beavers are energy maximizers(jenkins 1980, belovsky 1984)and central place feeders(mcginley and whitam 1985), they make an excellent test animal for the optimal foraging theory.beavers eat several kinds of herbaceous plants as well as the leaves, twigs, and bark of most species of woody plants that grow near water(jenkins and busher 1979).by examining the trees that are chewed or not-chewed in the beavers’ home range, an accurate assessment of food preferences among tree species may be gained(jenkins 1975).the purpose of this lab was to learn about the optimal foraging theory.we wanted to know if beavers put the optimal foraging theory into action when selecting food.we hypothesized that the beavers in this study will choose trees that are small in circumference and closest to the water.since the energy yield of tree species may vary significantly, we also hypothesized that beavers will show a preference for some species of trees over others regardless of circumference size or distance from the central area.the optimal foraging theory and central place theory lead us to predict that beavers, like most herbivores, will maximize their net rate of energy intake per unit time.in order to maximize energy, beavers will choose trees that are closest to their central place(the water)and require the least retrieval cost.since beavers are trying to maximize energy, we hypothesized that they will tend to select some species of trees over others on the basis of nutritional value.methods 這部分通常包括material 和 procedure兩個部分。material：

詳細的寫出實驗用到的材料，設備，器材。像下面這樣是不夠詳盡的： chromatography light bulbs 比較一下下面的：

lc-10avp plus high-performance liquid chromatography 24 incandescent 60w light bulbs arranged in a 6*4 rectangular matrix(see figure 2)dell precision t7500(xeon x5550 2.66ghz, 6gb ram, 64 bit windows 7 professional)另外，如果實驗對象中有人的話，介紹人數，群體背景。用subjects 來稱呼。比如 subjects we tested 150 third-grade students chosen at random from a pool of 346 applicants from eight london public and private elementary schools.the students represented a fairly wide range of economic backgrounds.all agreed to participate in our study in exchange for a 25 pounds gift certificate from a local toy store.procedure 詳細寫出每一步步驟。不要虛構理想化實驗，不要夸大某個過程

如實敘述即可。如果步驟比較多就用數字標出每一步。example: t = mr(g-a), where a is the acceleration of the mass.if the assumption holds that the only friction affecting the potentiometer was constant coulomb friction, then each mass would undergo a constant acceleration.the potentiometer measured voltage versus time for the masses as they dropped, but the measurement of interest to us was position versus time.for that reason, a ‘calibration’ was performed before we measured any data.in the calibration, the potentiometer’s initial voltage was measured.then the string was pulled a set distance(2 inches), and the voltage was recorded.this process of pulling the string a set distance and recording the voltage continued another two times(see appendix a for the results).to determine the relationship between voltage and position, the differences in the voltages were averaged and divided by the length.the resulting relationship was 0.9661 volts/inch.five different masses were used to test the assumption of constant acceleration.for each mass, the string was rolled up on the shaft, the oscilloscope was triggered, and the shaft was released.as each mass dropped, the oscilloscope collected the potentiometer’s voltage versus the time.after obtaining plots for each mass, we used the voltage-position relationship, mentioned above, to convert the data from the form voltage versus time to the form position versus time squared.the residuals of the data determined whether the assumption of constant acceleration was valid.results 實驗的數據，公式，圖表，計算過程，用一種對讀者最友好的形式展示出來。實驗的原始數據通常都是放在附錄的，這里都是放處理過的數據。

如果有大量的計算，至少要列出其中一個sample calculation.results部分的開頭最好重復一下實驗目的。

如果結果很多，最好分成不同的section example: results overall, beavers showed a preference for certain species of trees, and their preference was based on distance from the central place.measurements taken at the study site show that beavers avoided oaks and musclewood(fig.1)and show a significant food preference(x2=447.26, d.f.=9, p<.05).no avoidance or particular preference was observed for the other tree species.the mean distance of 8.42 m away from the water for not-chewed trees was significantly greater than the mean distance of 6.13 m for chewed trees(t=3.49, d.f.=268, p<.05)(fig.2).the tree species that were avoided were not significantly farther from the water(t=.4277, d.f.=268, p>.05)than selected trees.for the selected tree species, no significant difference in circumference was found between trees that were not chewed(mean=16.03 cm)and chewed(mean=12.80 cm)(t=1.52, d.f.=268, p>.05)(fig.3).discussions 對于results中描述的實驗數據，在這個部分中進一步詮釋，解釋每個結果的含義，為后面conclusion做準備。

然后幾個方面說明這個觀點 what results confirm the opinion is there reasonable doubt for your opinion? any possible flaws in the experimental design or holes in the results? example: our team attempted to determine whether barometric pressure influences children’s ability to focus.in particular, we tested tucker’s(1999)hypothesis, which states that children’s focus correlates negatively with barometric pressure.the result show partial support for tucker’s hypothesis.in particular, children focus significantly better when the barometric pressure is low than they do when the barometric pressure is neutral or high.however, children focused only slightly worse during high pressure than normal pressure.the unusually high standard deviation on the high-pressure day(thursday)suggests that high barometric pressure might affect some children greatly and others very little.the results suggest that, when diagnosing adhd, practitioners should give the cpt when barometric pressure is neutral.conclusion 概括一下results and the discussion的最主要最精華的部分。因為abstract和conclusion是被最常看的部分。discussion 和conclusions 永遠是兩個不同的部分。