第一篇：2013年12月英語六級翻譯答案及點評：中國園林

2013年12月英語六級翻譯答案及點評：中國園林

【翻譯原文】

中國園林是經過三千多年演變而成的獨具一格的園林景觀。它既包括為皇室成員享樂而建造的大型花園，也包括學者、商人和卸任的政府官員為擺脫嘈雜的外部世界而建造的私家花園。這些花園構成了一種意在表達人與自然之間應有的和諧關系的微縮景觀。典型的中國園林四周有圍墻，園內有池塘、假山、樹木、花草以及各種各樣由蜿蜒的小路和走廊連接的建筑。漫步在花園中，人們可以看到一系列精心設計的景觀猶如山水畫卷一般展現在面前。

【參考譯文】

After 3,000 years of evolvement, Chinese gardens have become a unique landscape.This includes both large gardens built as entertainment venues for royal family, and private gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials.These gardens have constituted a miniature that is designed in praise of the harmony between man and nature.A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of various buildings linked by winding trails and corridors, with ponds, rockeries, trees, and flowers scattered in it.Wandering in such a well-designed garden, people may feel that they are walking in a landscape painting.【翻譯點評】

六級翻譯改革后，需要考生增加對中國傳統文化這一話題的多多關注，本文選取中國園林為主題，難度有些大，且不少地方如直接采用直譯會顯得生硬，所以建議考生在理解原文的基礎上增加意譯的使用。為了備考漢譯英，考生可以從平時開始就積累一些詞匯和句式結構，只有充分準備后方能在考場上更加發揮自如。

第二篇：2013年12月英語六級翻譯答案及點評

2013年12月英語六級翻譯答案及點評 【翻譯原文】

中國園林是經過三千多年演變而成的獨具一格的園林景觀。它既包括為皇室成員享樂而建造的大型花園，也包括學者、商人和卸任的政府官員為擺脫嘈雜的外部世界而建造的私家花園。這些花園構成了一種意在表達人與自然之間應有的和諧關系的微縮景觀。典型的中國園林四周有圍墻，園內有池塘、假山、樹木、花草以及各種各樣由蜿蜒的小路和走廊連接的建筑。漫步在花園中，人們可以看到一系列精心設計的景觀猶如山水畫卷一般展現在面前。

【參考譯文】

After 3,000 years of evolvement, Chinese gardens have become a unique landscape.This includes both large gardens built as entertainment venues for royal family, and private gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars,merchants and retired government officials.These gardens have constituted a miniature that is designed in praise of the harmony between man and nature.A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of various buildings linked by winding trails and corridors, with ponds, rockeries, trees, and flowers scattered in it.Wandering in such a well-designed garden, people may feel that they are walking in a landscape painting.【翻譯點評】

六級翻譯改革后，需要考生增加對中國傳統文化這一話題的多多關注，本文選取中國園林為主題，難度有些大，且不少地方如直接采用直譯會顯得生硬，所以建議考生在理解原文的基礎上增加意譯的使用。為了備考漢譯英，考生可以從平時開始就積累一些詞匯和句式結構，只有充分準備后方能在考場上更加發揮自如。

【翻譯原文】

聞名于世的絲綢之路是一系列連接東西方的路線。絲綢之路延伸6,000多公里。得名于古代中國的絲綢貿易。絲綢之路上的貿易在中國、南亞、歐洲和中東文明發展中發揮了重要作用。正是通過絲綢之路，中國的造紙、火藥、指南針、印刷等四大發明才被引介到世界各地。同樣，中國的絲綢、茶葉和瓷器（porcelain）也傳遍全球。物質文化的交流是雙向的。歐洲也通過絲綢之路出口各種商品和植物，滿足中國市場的需要。

【參考譯文】

The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the

West.It extended more than 6,000 kilometers.The Silk Road was named after ancient China’s silk trade which played an important role in the civilization

development of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East.It was through the Silk Road that papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing of the four great inventions of ancient China were introduced around the world.Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain spread all over the world.Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market.【點評】

“絲綢之路”這一話題屬于中國歷史文化。因此備考漢譯英，多關注具有中國特色文化的話題，例如中國傳統節日，中國園林園藝，中國戲曲藝術等。詞匯方面該篇注意專有名詞國家名，四大發明固定表達。句型方面注意強調句”It is(was)… that… “的結構。

【翻譯原文】中國人自古以來就在中秋時節慶祝豐收，這與北美地區慶祝感恩節的習俗十分相似，過中秋節的習俗與唐代早期在中國各地開始流行，中秋節在農歷八月十五，是人們拜月的節日，這天夜晚皓月當空，人們合家團聚，共賞明月。2006年，中秋節被列為中國的文化遺產，2008年又被定為公共假日，月餅被視為中秋節不可或缺的美食，人們將月餅作為禮物饋贈親友或在家庭聚會上享用。傳統的月餅上帶有“壽”(longevity)、“福”或“和”等字樣。

【參考譯文】Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America.The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festival became popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty.The lunar August 15 is a day for people worshiping the moon.On this day, under the dazzling bright moon, families reunite and enjoy the moon’s beauty.In 2006, Mid-Autumn festival was listed as one of China's cultural heritage, and in 2008, it was

classified as a public holiday.Moon cakes, as indispensable delicious food of the festival, were gifts people sent to families and friends during the festival and usually eaten on family gatherings.There are characters of “longevity”,“good fortune”and “harmony” on the Traditional moon cakes.翻譯主題：四大發明

China is well known for its introduction of ways and means to help ease the life of mankind.Among the inventions of Ancient China, four emerged as great contributions to the developments and changes not only to the country, but also to the world’s economy and culture.The Great Four Inventions of ancient China were papermaking, commercial printing, gunpowder, and the compass.China’s four great ancient inventions made tremendous contributions to the world’s economy and the culture of mankind.They were also important symbols of China’s role as a great world civilization.

第三篇：2014年6月英語六級翻譯及答案匯總（定稿）

2014年6月英語六級翻譯及答案匯總

卷1翻譯

最近國科學院(Chinese Academy of Science)出版了關于其最新科學發現與未來一年展望的系列報告。系列報告包括三部分：科學發展報告，高技術發展報告，中國可持續戰略報告。第一份報告包含中國科學家的最新發現，諸如新粒子研究與H7N9病毒研究的突破。該報告還突出強調了未來幾年需要關注的問題。第二份報告公布了一些應用科學研究的熱門領域，如3D打印和人造器官研究。第三份報告呼吁加強頂層設計，以消除工業升級中的結構性障礙，并促進節能減排。

Chinese Academy of Science recently published an annualreport about its latest scientific findings and the prospect of thenextyear.The report consists of three parts:science development, more advanced

technology development and thesustainable strategy of China.The first one includes the latestfindings of Chinese scientists, such as the research of newparticle and the breakthrough in the study of H7N9

virus.Furthermore, it highlights some problems we need to focus in nextfew years.The second one announces some heated fields in appliedscience.For example, the 3－dimension print and the study of human organs.The thirdone suggests people enhance the top design in order to get rid ofthe structural obstacles in industrial upgrading and to promote

theenergy-saving and emission-reduction。

卷2翻譯

中文熱詞通常反映社會變化和文化，有些在外國媒體上愈來愈流行。例如，土豪和大媽都是老詞，但已獲取了新的意義。

土豪以前指欺壓佃戶和仆人的鄉村地主，現在用于指花錢如流水或喜歡炫耀財富的人，也就是說，土豪有錢，但是沒有品位。大媽是對中年婦女的稱呼，但是現在特指不久前金價大跌時大量購買黃金的中國婦女。土豪和大媽可能會被收入新版的牛津(OXford)英語詞典，至今約有120中文加進了牛津英語詞典，成了英語語言的一部分。

The Chinese heated words usually reflect social changes and culture, some of which are increasingly popular with foreign media.Tuhao and dama, for example, are both old words, but they get different meanings now.The word tuhao used to mean rural landlords who oppress their tenants and servants, while now it refers to people spending money without limits or those showing off all around.That is to say, tuhao owns money rather than taste.The word dama is used to describe middle-aged women.However, it is regarded as a special word to call those Chinese women who rushed to purchase gold when the gold price decreased sharply not long ago.Tuhao and dama may be included in the new Oxford dictionary.Up to now, about 120 Chinese words have been added to it, becoming a part of English language.卷3翻譯

北京計劃未來投資7600億元治理污染, 從減少PM2.5排放入手。這一新公布的計劃旨在減少四種主要的污染源，包括500萬輛機動車的尾汽排放、周邊地區的燃煤、來自北方的沙塵暴和本地的建筑灰塵，另外850億元用于新建或升級城市垃圾處理和污水處理設施，加上300億元未來三年的植樹造林。

市政府還計劃建造一批水循環利用工廠，并制止違章建筑，以善環境。另外，北京還將更嚴厲地處罰違返減排規定的行為。

In next three years, Beijing plans to invest 760 billion yuan to deal with the pollution, starting with cutting down the emission of pm 2.5.This newly announced project aims at reducing four main pollutants, including exhaust from 5 million vehicles, coal burning in surrounding areas, sandstorms from the north, and local construction dust.In addition, another 85 billion yuan will be used to establish or upgrade the facilities used to process garbage and sewage

of the city.Moreover, 30 billion yuan will be invested in the afforestation program in the next three years.To improve the environment, the municipal government also plans to construct some plants of water recycling, and ban the illegal constructions.Besides, Beijing will propose tougher punishments for those who violate the emission reduction rules.

第四篇：英語六級翻譯

From Nov.3 to 12, Beijing will restrict the use of private vehicles based on even-and odd-numbered license plates, and 70 percent of cars belonging to local governments, public institutions, social groups and state-owned enterprises will not be allowed to be used during the period.11月3日至11月12日，北京市將按照機動車車牌單雙號對私家車實行限制措施，同時，政府機構、事業單位、社會組織以及國有企業70%的車輛都不允許在此期間上路行駛。

”拼車“ 用英語怎么說

Carpooling has become a popular choice for Beijing's white-collar workers as the limit on the number of cars on roads during the APEC meeting took effect on Monday.北京在APEC期間的車輛限行措施周一開始實施，拼車成為北京白領們的熱門選擇。”

取消死刑“和”刑法“用英語怎么說

The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is considering reducing by nine the number of crimes subject to the death penalty through revising the Criminal Law.全國人大常委會擬通過《刑法》修正案減少九個適用死刑的罪名。”邪教“用英語怎么說

Liu Jinguo, vice-minister of public security, has been appointed deputy head of the 610 Office, the central government agency responsible for combating cults and handling cult-related issues.公安部副部長劉金國被任命為中央防范和處理邪教問題領導小組610辦副組長。

“出柜”用英語怎么說？

蘋果CEO提姆·庫克周四宣布出柜，并表示他在用自己小心守護的隱私換取民權進步的機會，他也由此成為出柜的美國公司首腦中最有影響力的一位

Apple Inc CEO Tim Cook on Thursday became the most prominent American corporate leader to come out as gay, saying he was trading his closely guarded privacy for the chance to help move civil rights forward.“低碳出行”英語怎么說？

Shanghai marked World Car-Free Day on September 22nd with a series of publicity campaigns to promote low-carbon transportation, but didn't prevent cars from entering certain downtown areas as it had in the past.It was the seventh year Shanghai participated in World Car-Free Day along with 150 other cities around the country.Officials used the theme “Greener Traffic, Cleaner Air” to encourage car owners to take public transportation more often and help ease road congestion and contribute to better air quality.9月22日是“世界無車日”，滬上并未像過去一樣在市區某些區域設置“車輛禁行區”，而是通過一系列豐富多彩的宣傳活動，倡導市民低碳出行。

這是上海第七年參與“世界無車日”的活動，一同參與的還有全國其他150個城市。此次活動的官方主題為“綠色交通?清新空氣”，旨在鼓勵有車一族多乘坐公共交通出行，從而緩解交通擁堵，提升空氣質量。

“廣場舞”用英語怎么說？

A recent survey found that Shanghai residents have more tolerance for public square dancing, or guangchangwu, which has become a national controversy in recent years.最近的一項調查發現，上海居民對廣場舞的容忍度有所提高。近年來廣場舞一直是飽受民眾爭議的一個話題。

“窮游”英語怎么說？

Traveling is a priority for many people during the National Day holiday, and college students are no exception.But with landmarks swamped with tourists, and transportation and accommodation costs even higher during Golden Week, how to travel on a budget is a tricky question.對于許多人而言，在過去的國慶假期里，旅行可是頭等大事。大學生們自然也不例外，但是，鑒于黃金周各大景點人山人海，交通、住宿費用水漲船高，如何“窮游”成為了一個棘手的問題。

”依法治國“英語怎么說？

中國共產黨第十八屆中央委員會第四次全體會議10月20日起至23日在北京召開，將首次以全會的形式專題研究部署全面推進依法治國。以往的四中全會多聚焦于黨風建設，本次會議以依法治國為主題，反映出中國改革已進入攻堅期，將通過完善法治實現改革目標。

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committeewill deliberate on a draft decision of the CPC Central Committee on “major issues concerning comprehensively advancing rule of law”.”封殺劣跡藝人“用英語怎么說？

Watchdog bans broadcasts of works by tainted stars 廣電總局下令封殺“劣跡藝人”

The country's top press and media watchdog has ordered TV stations and other outlets to stop broadcasting material featuring stars who use drugs or visit prostitutes.廣電總局日前下令，各大衛視和其他媒體機構停止播出“有吸毒、嫖娼等違法犯罪行為者”參與制作的節目。

全面禁煙（可能性大）China is mulling

a

ban

on

all

forms

of

tobacco advertising,sponsorship and promotion of tobacco products, according to adraft regulation on Monday.據周一發布的一份條例草案規定，中國擬全面禁止任何形式的煙草廣告、贊助活動以及煙草產品促銷。

此次公開征求意見的控煙條例明確，所有室內公共場所一律禁止吸煙（smokingis banned in all kinds of indoor public places）；體育、健身場館的室外觀眾座席、賽場區域（outdoor seating areas and venues of stadiums and fitness centers）、公共交通工具的室外等候區域（outdoor waiting areas of public transportation）等也全面禁止吸煙。

送審稿還規定，新聞出版廣電總局負責對電影、電視劇及其他節目中的吸煙鏡頭（smokingscenes in films and TV shows）進行監督管理，違者最高罰款3萬元。

這樣的禁煙令堪稱carpet（地毯式，全面）smoking ban。駕照自學自考

Under the reform, if someone wants toobtain a driver's license, they can learn the necessary skills on their own andregister online for an examination, said Huang Ming, vice-minister of publicsecurity.公安部副部長黃明表示，按照改革，人們可以自行學習駕車技能然后上網登記報考駕照。

此次reform on the issuing of driver's licenses（駕照改革）的目的是curb corruption in vehicle management departments（杜絕車管部門的腐敗）。改革有望實現眾人期盼已久的“駕照自學自考”。根據現行規定，想考取駕照的人必須上至少64小時的driving classes held by training schools（駕校課程），包括兩門driving theory（駕照理論）課和兩門driving practice（駕照實踐）課。駕校學費從5000元到1萬元不等，而且逐年上升。考生不能register for tests themselves（自行報考），而是由trainingagency registers on behalf of applicants（培訓機構代為報考）。

APEC的亞太一體化

“The development prospect of ourregion hinges on the decisions and actions we take today,” he said.“We are duty-bound to create and fulfill an Asia-Pacific dream for ourpeople.”習近平指出，亞太發展前景取決于今天的決斷和行動。我們有責任為本地區人民創造和實現亞太夢想。文中的Asia-Pacific dream就是指“亞太夢”。習近平指出，今天的亞太，在世界格局中的地位不斷上升。也面臨方方面面的挑戰。亞太的未來，正處在關鍵的路口。

習近平在演講中還指出，中國經濟呈現出“new normal”（新常態）。我們正在推行的comprehensivelydeepening reform（全面深化改革），既是liberate theproductive force（對社會生產力的解放），也是對unleash the vitality ofthe society（社會活力的解放），必將成為推動中國經濟社會發展的強大動力。

政府用房標準

The National Development and Reform Commission andMinistry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development jointly released the 32-pageset of guidelines outlining the construction standards for Party and governmentbuildings and offices on Monday.國家發展改革委、住房建設部周一發布了長達32頁的黨政機關辦公用房建設標準。

“黨政機關辦公用房建設標準”即guidelines outlining the constructionstandards for Party and government buildings and offices，標準規定minister's office（部級正職的辦公室）不超過54平方米。外面不搞luxurious decorations（豪華裝修），不定位為landmarkbuilding（城市標志性建筑）。

自2012年12月4日中國中央政治局通過的eight-point code to cutbureaucracy and maintain close ties with the people（關于改進工作作風、密切聯系群眾的八項規定），就要求官員消除hedonism（享樂主義）。

藥價改革

Prices of more than 2,700 drugs willsoon be determined by the market, rather than the government, as China getsready to roll out its ambitious drug pricing reform plan, industry sources said on Thursday.據業界消息周四透露，中國已準備好施行大規模的藥價改革計劃，今后超過2700種藥品價格將由市場而不是政府來決定。“藥價改革”英文就是drugpricing reform，根據改革方案，國家擬取消藥品最高零售限價或出廠價格，從完善藥品采購機制、強化醫保控費作用、強化醫療行為監管、強化價格行為監管等四方面加強監管，發揮醫保支付基準價的引導作用，使藥品市場價格保持在合理的水平。

現階段government-priced drugs（由政府定價的藥品）占據了整個藥品市場的23%。從明年一月份開始，政府不再設定藥品的maximumretail price（最高零售限價）或factory price（出廠價）。

第五篇：英語六級翻譯

2012年6月

《孫子兵法》（The Art of War）是中國古代最重要的一部軍事著作之一，是我國優秀傳統文化的重要組成部分。孫子（Sun Tzu），即該書的作者，在書中揭示的一系列具有普遍意義的軍事規律，不僅受到軍事家門的推崇，還在經濟領域、領導藝術、人生追求甚至家庭關系等諸多方面，具有廣泛的指導作用。《孫子兵法》中的許多名言警句（epigram），富有哲理，意義深遠，在國內外廣為流傳。如今，《孫子兵法》已被翻譯成多種語言，在世界軍事史上也具有重要的地位。

The Art of War is one of the most important ancient Chinese military literary works, and serves as an important part of outstanding traditional culture in China.Sun Tzu, the author of the book, revealed a series of universal military laws which are not only valued by militarists but also play an extensive guiding role in several fields such as economy, art of leadership, the pursuit of life and even family relationship.There are a lot of famous saying and epigrams in The Art of War that are rich in wisdom and have profound meanings and are thus widely circulated both at home and abroad.Nowadays The Art of War has been translated into many languages and it also plays an important role in the military history of the world.2012年12月

京劇

京劇（Peking Opera）已有200多年的歷史，是中國的國劇。與其他地方戲相比，京劇享有更高的榮譽，但其實京劇融合了多種地方戲的元素。京劇演員的臉譜（facial make-up）和戲服都很精美，相比之下舞臺布景則十分簡單。表演者主要應用四種技能：唱、念、做、打。京劇較擅長于表現歷史題材的政治、軍事斗爭，故事大多取自于歷史演義和小說話本（historic and fictional stories）。在古代，京劇大多是在戶外演出的，因此演員們形成了一種有穿透力的唱腔，以便每個人都能聽到。

Peking Opera, as the national opera of China, has a history of more than 200 years.Compared with other Chinese local operas,Peking Opera enjoys a higher reputation;but actually it absorbed many elements of other local operas.The facial make-up and costumers of the performs are very delicate;by contrast, the backdrops are quiet plain.During performance, the performers mainly utilize four skills: song, speech, dance, and combat.Peking Opera is better at performing political and military struggle with historic and the performed stories are mainly from historic and fictional stories.In ancient times, Peking Opera, was mostly performed in the open air, so the performers developed a piercing style of song that could be heard by everyone.2013年6月

中國衛生監督部門決定在未來三到五年之內建立一個全國性的網絡，用以監測空氣污染對人類健康的影響。這一目標于國家衛生和計劃生育委員會(National Health and Family Planning Commission)針對空氣污染的一份工作文件中披露，根據這份文件，該網絡將搜集不同地區空氣中的PM2.5數據和主要空氣污染物濃度變化的數據。這將為分析和評估空氣污染對健康的影響提供數據支持。這一文件提到，缺乏長期而系統的監測使國家無法揭示空氣污染和人類健康之間的聯系。

China’s health watchdog has decided to set up a national network to monitor the impact air pollution on human’s health within the coming three to five years.The goal was revealed in a work document on air pollution released by National Health and Family Planning Commission.According to the document, the network will gather data on PM2.5 in the air in different regions and the density changes of main air pollutants.That will provide data support for the analysis and evaluation of the impact of air pollution on health.The document noted that lack of long-term and systematic monitoring prevented the country from uncovering the link between air pollution and human’s health.2013年12月第一套

中國人自古以來就在中秋時節慶祝豐收。這與北美地區慶祝感恩節的習俗十分相似。過中秋節的習俗于唐代早期在中國各地開始流行。中秋節在農歷八月十五，是人門拜月的節日。這天夜晚皓月當空，人們合家團聚，共賞明月。2006年，中秋節貝類為中國文化遺產，2008年又被定位公共假日。月餅被視為中秋節不可或缺的美食。人們將月餅作為禮物饋贈親友或在家庭聚會上享用。傳統的月餅上帶有“壽（longevity）”、“福”或“和”等字樣。

Since ancient times, Chinese people have celebrated their harvest during mid-autumn, which is quite similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving Day in North America.The custom of celebrating Mid-Autumn Festival started gaining its popularity in the early Tang Dynasty around China.The Mid-Autumn Festival ,celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, is a festival for Chinese people to worship the moon.During the night of the day when the bright moon is shining in the sky, there will be family reunions and family members will enjoy the bight moon together.In 2006, the Mid-Autumn Festival was listed as a Chinese cultural heritage, and in 2008, it was designated as a public holiday.The moon cake is seen as the indispensable fine food for the Mid-Autumn Festival.People send moon cakes as gifts to their relatives and friends or they eat moon cakes at family gatherings.Traditional moon cakes are imprinted with Chinese characters conveying such meanings as “longevity”, “blessing”or “harmony”.2013年12月第三套

聞名于世界的絲綢之路是一系列連接東西方的路線。絲綢之路延伸6000多公里，得名于中國古代的絲綢貿易。絲綢之路上的貿易在中國、南亞、歐洲和中東文明發展中發揮了重要的作用。正式通過絲綢之路，中國的造紙、火藥、指南針、印刷術這四大發明才被引介到世界各地。同樣，中國的絲綢、茶葉和瓷器(porcelain)也傳遍全球。物質文化的交流是雙向的，歐洲也通過絲綢之路出口各種商品和植物，滿足中國市場的需求。

The word-famous Silk Road refers to a series of routes that connect the East and the West.The Silk Road extends for over 6,000 kilometers and derived its name from ancient China’s silk trade.The trades that occurred on the Silk Road played an important role in the development process of the civilization of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East.It is by way of the Silk Road that China’s four great inventions, namely paper-making, powder, compass and printing technology, were introduced to all over the word.Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain also spread to the whole word.Material and cultural exchanges are two-ways, for Europe also satisfied the demands of Chinese market by exporting various commodities and plants to China through the Silk Road.2013年12月第二套

中國園林（the Chinese garden）是經過三千多年演變而成的獨具一格的園林景觀（landscape）。它既包括為皇室成員享樂而建造的大型花園，也包括學者、商人和卸任的政府官員為擺脫嘈雜的外部世界而建造的私家花園。這些花園構成了一種意在表達人與自然之間應有的和諧關系的微縮景觀。典型的中國園林四周有圍墻，園內有池塘、假山（rock-work）、樹木、花草以及各種各樣由蜿蜒的小路和走廊連接的建筑。漫步在花園中，人們可以看到一系列精心設計的景觀猶如山水畫卷（scroll）一般展現在面前。

The Chinese garden is a unique landscape in virtue of evolution of more than three thousand years.It includes not only the large gardens built by the royal family for enjoyment, but also the private ones built by scholars, businessmen and former government officials for getting rid of the hustle and bustle of the outside world.These gardens constitute a kind of miniaturized landscape which aims at displaying the due harmonious relationship between human and nature.Typical Chinese gardens are surrounded by walls.In the gardens there are ponds, rock-works, trees, flowers and plants, and various architectures that are connected by winding paths or corridors.When rambling in the gardens, people can enjoy a series of elaborately designed landscapes which are presented in front of them like a landscape painting scroll.2014年6月

北京計劃未來三年投資7,600億元治理污染，從減少PM2.5排放入手。這一新公布的計劃旨在減少四種主要污染源，包括500多萬輛機動車的尾氣（exhaust）排放、周邊地區燃煤、來自北方的沙塵暴和本地的建筑灰塵。另有850億元用于新建或升級城市垃圾處理和污水（sewage）處理設施，加上300醫院投資未來三年的植樹造林（forestation）。

市政府還計劃建造一批水循環利用工廠，并制止違章建筑，以改善環境。另外，北京還將更嚴厲地處罰違反限排規定的行為。

Beijing has planned to invest 760 billion yuan to tackle pollution in coming three years, starting from reducing the PM2.5 emissions.The newly released plan is aimed at reducing four major pollution sources, including the exhaust emissions from more than 5 million motor vehicles, the burning of coals in the surrounding areas, the sandstorms from the North and the local construction dusts.Another 85 billion yuan will be used to build or upgrade the facilities for treatment of urban garbage and sewage and additional 30 billion yuan will be invested in forestation in the next three years.The municipal government also plans to set up a group of water recycling factories and curb peccancy buildings in order to improve the environment.In addition, Beijing will punish more severely the behaviors that violate the regulations of emission limitation.4