第一篇:一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)
一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為;主語(yǔ)在過(guò)去時(shí)間段所具備的能力和性格。一般過(guò)去時(shí)句子最明顯的現(xiàn)象就是常由表達(dá)過(guò)去時(shí)間的副詞、副詞短語(yǔ)或從句“過(guò)去”的概念。例如
He was here only a few minutes ago.僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。I came home just now.我剛回到家。
I got up very early this morning.今天早晨我起床很早。
He was late for school again today.今天他又遲到了。
強(qiáng)化理解:
1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)刻或時(shí)期所發(fā)生的事情,也可以表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。
一般過(guò)去時(shí)只說(shuō)明過(guò)去的事情不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨,我跟朱麗亞說(shuō)了幾句話(huà)。He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他沒(méi)有戒煙的那陣子,抽煙抽得可兇了。
2.表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間里經(jīng)常或反復(fù)的動(dòng)作,常與always,never等連用。Mrs.Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太過(guò)去老是帶著一把傘。
(只是說(shuō)明她過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著)I never drank wine.我以前從不喝酒。
(不涉及到現(xiàn)在,不說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒)
3.表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。這種情況下句子中往往沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),通過(guò) 上下文來(lái)表示。
The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain, and then died.那男孩把眼睛張開(kāi)了一會(huì)兒,看看船長(zhǎng),然后就去世了。
4.有些句子雖然沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),但實(shí)際上發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)是指過(guò)去,也要用一般過(guò) 去時(shí)。I didn’t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。
(因?yàn)樵谡f(shuō)話(huà)時(shí),我已經(jīng)知道你在巴黎了。這句話(huà)指的是說(shuō)話(huà)之前,所以只能 用過(guò)去時(shí)表示。實(shí)際上,這句話(huà)暗指:But now I know you were here.)I thought you were ill.我以為你病了呢。
(這句話(huà)應(yīng)是在說(shuō)話(huà)之前我以為你病了,但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒(méi)病)5.在談到已死去的人的情況時(shí)多用過(guò)去時(shí)。Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷鋒是個(gè)好戰(zhàn)士。
6.一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。大體可分為如下幾類(lèi): ⑴yesterday、the day before yesterday
(前天)、the other day(前幾天)、in the old days(在過(guò)去的日子里)
⑵just now(剛才)、this morning/afternoon/evening ⑶ago(a while ago—方才、剛才two days ago—前兩天、a few days ago—前幾天、long long ago—很久很久以前)⑷last night / week / Sunday / weekend / month / winter / year / century(上個(gè)世紀(jì))⑸
once upon a time(很久以前)、before(在??之前,如:before liberation在解放前)⑹at + 一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)(at the age of 10——在10歲是時(shí)候)、then(= at that time)(當(dāng)時(shí))⑺When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句(when I was 8 years old,當(dāng)我八歲的時(shí)候)表達(dá)方法:
一般過(guò)去時(shí)的表達(dá)方法可以細(xì)分為以下三種情況:(一)連系動(dòng)詞.(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)為系動(dòng)詞)be的一般過(guò)去時(shí)
系動(dòng)詞be的一般過(guò)去時(shí)屬于不規(guī)則變化,第一、第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)用was,其他情況用were(二)普通動(dòng)詞(也稱(chēng)為“實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”、“行為動(dòng)詞”)的一般過(guò)去時(shí)
1.陳述句。普通動(dòng)詞(也稱(chēng)“實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”、行為動(dòng)詞)組成的一般過(guò)去時(shí)陳述句形式為:
主語(yǔ)+ 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 + 賓語(yǔ)+ 其它。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化可分兩類(lèi):規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。
2.否定句。普通動(dòng)詞(也稱(chēng)“實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”、行為動(dòng)詞)一般過(guò)去時(shí)陳述句變成否定句時(shí),要借用助動(dòng)詞did。形式為:主語(yǔ)+didnot + 動(dòng)詞原形。(其中:didnot = didn’t)
3.疑問(wèn)句。普通動(dòng)詞(也稱(chēng)“實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”、行為動(dòng)詞)一般過(guò)去時(shí)陳述句變成疑問(wèn)句時(shí),也需要借用助動(dòng)詞 did。形式為:Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+?。
(三)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般..過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)要使用它.們的過(guò)去式,后面的動(dòng)詞還使用原形。
例如: I had to do my homework yesterday.(昨天我不得不做作業(yè)。)
can —could(能,會(huì))may ―might(可以)must ―must(必須)have to ―had to(不得不)shall ―should(將要)僅. 用于第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)will ―would(將要)
第二篇:一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)
.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化:
⑴am 和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as(was not=wasn't)⑵are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere(were not=weren't)
⑶帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3.句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子
否定句:didn't +動(dòng)詞原形,如:Mike went home yesterday.Mike didn't go home yesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句:在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如:Mike went home yesterday.Did Mike go home yesterday? 特殊疑問(wèn)句:⑴疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?如:Mike went home yesterday.Did Mike go home yesterday? What did Mike do yesterday? 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則:
1.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.結(jié)尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted 3.末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式:小學(xué)階段記住幾個(gè)特殊變化。過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)
寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 isam_____________ watch____________ wash____________ clean ___________ play_____________ visit___________ do______________ cook ________ go_____________ read__________ swim___________ learn ___________ sing_____________ eat____________ dance____________ eat ____________ take____________ climb___________ have____________ buy__________ row____________ 過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)
一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.I _______ at school just now.2.He ________ at the camp last week.3.We ________ students two years ago.4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.6.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8.The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1.It was exciting.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑問(wèn)句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 2.All the students were very excited.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑問(wèn)句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 3.He watched TV last night.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑問(wèn)句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
三、用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.I ______(watch)a cartoon on Saturday.2.Her father _______(read)a newspaper last night.3.We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park.(go)4.______ you _______(visit)your grandparents last Spring Festival? 5.______ he _______(fly)a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.