第一篇：雅思閱讀備考中常出現的熟詞僻意

最權威的國際教育服務平臺

雅思閱讀備考中常出現的熟詞僻意

所謂“熟詞僻義”，指的是一些單詞除了熟悉的詞義或詞性以外，還存在著對于考生來說相對生僻的詞義和詞性，而這些“僻義”又成為出題者考查的重點和解題的難點。這些“熟詞僻義”成為了考生讀懂文章、尋找答案的“絆腳石”。本文雅思小編整理了閱讀備考常見的“熟詞僻義”，希望對大家備考有用!

術語說明：

n.=noun名詞

a.=adj.形容詞

v.=verb.動詞

adv.=adverbial副詞

熟義：熟悉的意思

熟性：熟悉的詞性

僻義：生僻的意思

僻性：生僻的詞性

1.term

熟義熟性：n.(任，學)期

僻義熟性：n.措詞，術語

資料來源：教育優選 http://www.tmdps.cn/

最權威的國際教育服務平臺

原題回憶：

Indigenous Tasmanians used only four terms to indicate numbers ofobjects.原文回顧：

The indigenous peoples of Tasmania were only able to count one, two,many.解析：

此題來自劍橋真題6 TEST2PASSAGE3的Numeration一文，原題意為：“土著的塔斯瑪尼亞人僅用四種術語來表達物品的數字。”其中考查了term的僻義熟性：n.措詞，術語。原文回顧：“土著的塔斯瑪尼亞人僅會數?一，二，很多?。”題目與原文矛盾，所以此題判斷為FALSE.總結：term的僻義熟性在眾多雅思閱讀文章中頻頻出現，可謂是“熟詞僻義”戰隊中的“急先鋒”，考生們往往很傻很天真地理解成為“學期”，結果放到文中狗屁不通。其實人家還有“術語”的意思啦!

2.alternative

熟義熟性：a.兩者擇一的 僻義熟性：a.另類的、新的 原題回憶：

Traditionally, how have Australian doctors differed from doctors in manyWestern countries?

資料來源：教育優選 http://www.tmdps.cn/

最權威的國際教育服務平臺

原文回顧：

Australia has been unusual in the Western world in having a veryconservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies.解析：

此題來自劍橋真題4 TEST2 PASSAGE3的Alternative Medicine inAustralia(澳洲的另類醫學)一文，其實文章的標題就已經開始考查Alternative一詞的僻義：另類的、新的。原題意為：“傳統上，澳洲醫生如何有別于其他西方國家的醫生?”原文回顧：“澳大利亞有別于西方世界市由于其對另類醫學的保守態度。”因此原題答案選擇C.They have been reluctant to accept alternative therapists.(他們不愿意接受另類醫學)

總結：alternative的熟詞僻義在英語文章中也是屢見不鮮的，例如我們經常談論的“新能源”并不是字面翻譯成newenergy，而是表達為alternative energy，因此建議考生在練習雅思閱讀之余不妨收集這些常用的熟詞僻義，使用到自己的口語和寫作里去。

3.tuition

熟義熟性：n.學費

僻義熟性：n.教學、指導、教育

原題回憶：

Children only accept opinions on rainforests that they encounter in theirclassroom.資料來源：教育優選 http://www.tmdps.cn/

最權威的國際教育服務平臺

原文回顧：

In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage, it is likelythat children will have formed ideas about rainforests independent of any formaltuition.解析：

此題來自劍橋真題4 TEST1PASSAGE1一文，原題意為：“孩子們只接受在課堂上學到的有關雨林的觀點。”原文回顧：“在頻繁而生動的媒體報道面前，很有可能的是，孩子們會形成對雨林的看法是獨立于任何正式課堂教學之外的。”題目與原文矛盾，所以此題判斷為FALSE.總結：tuition僻義熟性表示“教學”在劍橋真題里曾多次出現，看來出題者非常喜歡“不走尋常路”，非要使用這種一詞多義甚至僻義來難倒眾生。但是有了歸納和整理，我們就不怕不怕啦!

4.produce

熟義熟性：vt.生產，產生;制作

僻義僻性：n.產品

原題回憶：

_____ produce is particularly expensive.原文回顧：

It would cost a family around f7, 000 a year to replace meat they obtainedthemselves through hunting with imported meat.資料來源：教育優選 http://www.tmdps.cn/

最權威的國際教育服務平臺

解析：

此題來自劍橋真題6 TEST1 PASSAGE3的Climate Change and theInuit一文，原題意為：“_____產品是及其昂貴的。”原文回顧：“用進口的肉類取代打獵獲得的肉，要花費一個家庭每年7,000英鎊。”得出結論：進口的肉類是很昂貴的。因此空格答案為Imported.總結：produce在此題中不但詞義變了，連詞性都發生了變化，由動詞變成了名詞。這個“變性詞”著實難倒了不少考生，但是請睜大眼沉下心仔細看，在_____produce is particularly expensive.題干中produce明明就是做主語呀，所以詞性變為名詞，詞義自然就理解為“產品”啦!

5.coin

熟義熟性：n.硬幣，錢幣

僻義熟性：vt.創造，首次提出

原題回憶：

The word 'echolocation' was first used by someone working asa..................原文回顧：

The American zoologist Donald Griffin, who was largely responsible for thediscovery of sonar in bats, coined the term 'echolocation' to cover both sonarand radar.資料來源：教育優選 http://www.tmdps.cn/

最權威的國際教育服務平臺

解析：此題來自劍橋真題7 TEST1 PASSAGE1的Let?s GoBats一文，原題意為：“單詞?回聲定位?是首先由一個工作為_____的人使用的。”原文回顧：“發現了蝙蝠身上的聲納系統的美國動物學家DonaldGriffin創造了這個術語?回聲定位?，用來包括聲納和雷達。”因此空格答案為zoologist.總結：啥都別說了，coin這么一個初學者都知道的詞匯還能放到雅思閱讀里考大家，而且還難倒很多人，咱們還是洗洗睡吧!但是，可是，還是那句話：行百里者半九十。你以為你知道的單詞就一定簡單嗎?一個單詞可以從小學學到考研親你不知道嘛!coin就是這么一個妙詞，可以很簡單表示“硬幣”，也可以很靈活表示“創造”。看來學海無涯回頭是岸，哦不對，是學海無涯無怨無悔。

資料來源：教育優選 http://www.tmdps.cn/

第二篇：考研熟詞僻義詞

考研熟詞僻義詞

（一）absorb /Eb5sR:b/ v [T] 忍耐；忍受： absorb the additional hardships（忍受額外的困苦）During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income.[2007 Text 3]（與此同時，家庭成員的退休收入也要承擔更多風險。）【常見義】v [T]吸收；吸進

act /Akt/ n [C] 行為；舉動：This dreadful murder is surely the act of a madman.（這種令人驚駭的謀殺純粹是瘋子的行為。）This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one.[2007 Text 1]（這次實驗的成功，加上后來那些表明記憶力不是由遺傳決定的實驗，使埃里克森得出結論：記憶行為與其說是一種直覺活動，不如說是一種認知活動。）Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the“Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very act of being experimented upon changes subjects? behavior.[2010 Section I]（出人意料的是，人們最終以將這些研究的結果命名了為“霍桑效應”——一種極具影響力的觀點，認為僅僅成為實驗對象這一舉動就足以使受試者的行為發生改變。）Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative approval in Virginia.[2008 Text 4]（而僅僅在那之前的十年，這樣的行為在弗吉尼亞還需要得到立法機構的批準。）n [C]（立法機構所立的）法案，法令：Parliament has passed an act which makes such sports illegal.（議會通過了一項法例，規定這些娛樂是非法的。）The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.[2013 Text 4]（唯一主要的反對來自大法官安東寧·斯卡利亞，他為州特權提供了更加強有力的辯護，這些州特權可回溯到《外國人與煽動叛亂法》這一法案。）【常見義】v [I, T]扮演 v [I]行動

address /E5dres/ v [T]（尤指正式地）向（某人或聽眾）講話： The chairman will now address the meeting.（現在由主席向與會者講話。）Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.[2002 Text 1]（因此，談話對象不同，所談的問題也不同。）v [T] 提出；提交（口頭或書面的報告）以引起??的注意：address a protest to the faculty senate（向校評議會提交抗議書）Regrettably, however, the report?s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.[2014 Text 4]（然而，令人遺憾的是，該報告未能指出文科教育面臨的危機的實質，故其帶來的弊大于利。）v [T] 應對；處理： Governments have been slow to address the problem of global warming.（政府在應對全球變暖問題上動作遲緩。）Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notesthat the situation will improve only when there are comprehensive programs that address the many needs of the homeless.[2006 Section I]（《波士頓環球報》的記者克里斯·里迪指出，只有通過綜合規劃來滿足無家可歸者的各種需求，情況才能夠得到改善。）【常見義】n [C]住址；地址

agent /5eIdVEnt/ n [C] 原動力；動因： Technological advances are the chief agents;of change.（技術進步是變革的主要推動力。）Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent;of evolution has gone.[2000 Passage 2]（由于大部分的變異是由基因引起的，所以又一個影響進化的因素消失了。）【常見義】n [C]代理人，經紀人

air /eE/ n [C] 氣質，風度：smile with a triumphant air（帶著勝利神情的微笑）Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert?s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” [2011 Text 1]（甚至在《紐約時報》上發表文章支持任命吉爾伯特的托馬西尼，都稱其為“一位謙遜的音樂家，在他身上沒有指揮家那種令人望而生畏的神態”。）【常見義】n [U]空氣

anchor / 5ANkE(r)/ n [C] 主持人；主播： He signed off after nineteen years as CBS news anchor.（在做了 19 年哥倫比亞廣播公司新聞節目主持人后，他辭職不干了。）Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling.[2006 Text 4]（快餐食客們、新聞主播們以及發送短信息者，都在微笑，微笑，微笑。）【常見義】n [C]錨

answer /5B:nsE(r)/ n [sing]（地位、作用等方面的）對應物；相當的人： The press called her Britain?s answer to Marilyn Monroe.（新聞界稱她為英國的瑪麗蓮·夢露。）[2013 Text 1] Overdressed is the fashion world?s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan?s The Omnivore’s Dilemma.[2013 Text 1] 邁克爾·波倫的《雜食者的困境》一書是維護消費者權益的暢銷書，而《過度時裝消費》則相當于時尚界的《雜食者的困境》。【常見義】n [C]回答 v [I, T] 回答

appeal /E5pi:l/ v [I]（對某人）有吸引力；（使某人）感興趣：The idea of camping has never appealed to me.（對露營這種想法我從來就不感興趣。）If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators.[2007 Part C]（如果有關法律的研習正開 始成為普通教育的重要組成部分，那么它的目的和方法應該會即刻吸引新聞學教育者。）【常見義】v [I]（向上級法院）上訴

appetite /5ApItaIt/ n [C, U] 欲求： an insatiable appetite for books（對書籍永不滿足的欲望）Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences;family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity;systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.[2009 Part C]（比如，宗教團體的成立是為了保衛統治階層的利益和抵御邪惡勢力；家庭生活的建立是為了滿足身體的欲望和維系家族長久；有組織的勞動的興起很大程度上是因為奴隸制度的產生，等等。）【常見義】 n [U]胃口；食欲

approach /E5prEUtF/ v [T] 處理；對付： Governments tend to approach the issue from different angles.（政府傾向于從多個角度處理這個問題。）Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally（or collaboratively）and innovatively.[2009 Text 1]（20世紀 60 年代末，研究人員發現人類生來具有四種主要的應對挑戰的方法：分析的方法、程式化的方法、相關聯的方法（也稱協作性方法）和創新性的方法。）The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing?s impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.[2011 Text 3]（如今消費者對于做出購買決定這一過程的處理方式，意味著市場營銷的影響力來自于傳統付費媒介以外的廣泛因素。）【常見義】n [C]道路；方法

argue /5B:gju/ v [I, T] 堅持，主張：The speaker argued that more immigrants should be admitted to the country.（講演者舉出理由證明應該允許更多的移民入境。）If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.[2003 Text 3]（他們認為，如果鐵路公司對所有客戶平均收費，那些可以選擇貨運汽車或其他運輸方式的客戶就會另作選擇，從而使剩下的客戶承擔鐵路的運營費用。）Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? [2005 Text 1]（還記得科學家們認為吸煙會致人死亡，而懷疑者們卻堅持認為我們對此尚不能確定的那些年嗎？）【常見義】v [I, T]爭論；爭吵

arm /B:m / v [T] 提供（設備，信息等）；配備： I?ll need to arm myself with all the facts before meeting them formally.（在與他們正式見面前，我需要了解所有的事實。）Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise.[2004 Text1]（有的人用它來密切關注對于本行業的市場需求或搜集有關薪水的信息以備加薪談判時胸有成竹。）【常見義】 n [C]手臂

assume /E5sju:m/ v [T] 呈現；具有（特定的性質、外表或程度）： Militant activity had assumed epidemic proportions.（軍事活動呈蔓延之勢。）In them we can see biophilia—a yearning for contact with nonhuman life—assuming uncanny representational forms.[2013 Part C]（從中，我們可以看到人類親近大自然的天性（對接觸非人類生命的渴望）呈現出一種奇特的表現形式。）【常見義】v [T]假定，認為

attack /E5tAk/ n [C，U] 抨擊；非難： an attack;on the government?s policies（對政府政策的抨擊）The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles;its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive.[2000 Passage 5]（對野心的抨擊比比皆是，并且角度各不相同；公開為雄心辯解的人則寥寥無幾，雖然他們不至于毫無吸引力，但卻無法給人留下深刻印象。）【常見義】v [I, T]進攻；攻擊

bar /bB: / n [S] 法律專業（人士），法律界： Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.[2014 Text 2]（另一種提議是主張學生在法學院學習兩年后就進行司法考試。）【常見義】n [C]棍，棒；酒吧

bear /beE(r)/ v [T] 承擔；擔負： the expert?s fee shall be borne by the tenant（專家費要由承租人負擔）Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen—and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families?future healthcare.[2007 Text 3]（醫療保健的絕對支出和家庭所承擔的份額都提高了，最近流行的健康儲蓄計劃正從立法機構延伸到沃爾瑪員工中，該計劃增加了醫療保險扣減額，也增加了家庭未來醫療保健方面的投資風險。）【常見義】n [C]熊

bill /bIl/ n [C]（提交議會討論的）法案： propose a bill（提出一項議案）In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a draft bill;that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly control the amount of publicity that can be given to a case before a trial begins.[2001 Section II]（為 了大力加強對報界的法律控制，大法官歐文勛爵將提交一份草案，提出向證人付費將被視為非法，并且嚴格控制開庭前對案情的公開程度。）【常見義】n [C]賬單

board /bR:d/ n [C] 委員會；理事會；董事會： He sits on the company?s management board.（他是公司的管理委員。）He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear...that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.” [2002 Text 4]（他說，行醫執照頒發委員會“必須明確表明??病人痛苦的死亡可以推定為由于醫生治療不力造成的，應該吊銷其行醫執照。”）【常見義】n [C]木板

book /bUk/ v [T] 記載；把??記錄在冊： book the loss（記錄損失）And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.[2010 Text 4]（另外，缺少活力的市場在一定程度上反映銀行系統的癱瘓，為避免賬面損失，他們不愿意出售資產，也不愿意收購那些所謂的廉價資產。）【常見義】n [C]書；書籍

branch /brB:ntF/ n [C]（知識的）分科；（語言的）分系：Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.[2003 Part B]（社會科學是知識探索的一個分支，它力圖像自然科學家研究自然現象那樣，用理性、有序、系統和冷靜的方式去研究人類及其活動。）Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing;living in “public and illustrious thoughts,” as Emersion would say, is something else.[2006 Part C]（精通人類知識的某個分支是一回事；而生活在如愛默生所說的“公眾、卓越的思考”之中，又是另外一回事。）【常見義】n [C]樹枝

buy /baI/ v [T]認為合乎情理而接受（某事物）；相信： No one will buy that excuse.（誰也不會相信那個借口。）Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.[2005 Text 2]（許多美國人接受了這些無稽之談，結果在過去的三十多年里，差不多有一千萬煙民早早地進了墳墓。）【常見義】v [T]購買；采購

canned /kAnd/ adj（音樂、笑聲或掌聲）預先錄好的： Is there any canned laughter in the TV programme?（在此電視劇中有預先錄制的笑聲嗎？）And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way.[2007 Part B]（長時間觀看帶有錄制好笑聲的電視節目只能讓孩子被動地處理信息。）【常見義】adj 罐裝的

capacity /kE5pAsEti/ n [C, U] 能力；才能： a child?s capacity for learning（孩子的學習能力）“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men?s,” she observes,“it?s just that they?re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.” [2008 Text 1]（她指出：“她們承受壓力的能力甚至可能比男性更強，只是她們要處理的事情更多，因此她們的疲態出現得更早、更明顯。”）【常見義】n [U]容量

carry /5kAri/ v [T] 備有（貨物）供銷售： The sports shop carries a full range of equipments.（這個體育用品商店有各類商品出售。）And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.[2010 Text 4]（除非銀行出售的有毒資產在價格上足夠吸引買家，否則銀行系統的復興將十分艱難。）【常見義】v [T]攜帶；搬運

case /keIs/ n（語法）格（語言中用來表示形容詞、名詞、代詞與另一詞關系的形式）：possessive case（所有格）Mr.McWhorter?s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.[2005 Text 4]（麥克沃特先生的專業是語言史與語言演變，他認為諸如“whom”這一類詞的逐漸消失是自然的，與古英語中詞格尾綴的消失一樣沒什么可惋惜的。）【常見義】n [C] 事例；實例

catch /kAtF/ n [U] 所捕獲的某事物（的量）： a huge catch of fish（大量捕獲的魚）That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.[2006 Text 3]（這表明更高比例的生物正在被捕撈，因此現在與過去的真正差異可能比記錄的捕撈量變化所體現的差異更大。）【常見義】v [T]抓住；接住

celebrate /5selIbreIt/ v [T] 歌頌，贊揚：a sonnet that celebrates love（歌頌愛情的十四行詩）In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing? [2011 Text 4]（在一個一直歌頌生育的社會中，承認后悔生育孩子就相當于承認自己支持殘殺幼貓，這有什么奇怪的嗎？）【常見義】v [T]慶祝

cement /sI5ment/ v [T] 加強；鞏固： cement a friendship（加強友誼）They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research.[2014 Text 3]（它們可能會使同行評審研究的現狀停滯不前。）【常見義】n [U]水泥

chair /tFeE(r)/ v [T] 主持；監管： Would you like to chair tomorrow?s meeting?（你愿意主持明天的會議嗎？）Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O?Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C.Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s.[2003 Text 4]（最高法院法官桑德拉·戴·歐康奈現在已經 70 多歲了，而前衛生局局長 C.埃弗雷特·庫伯 80 多歲時還擔任一家新興互聯網公司的負責人。）【常見義】n [C]椅子

challenge /5tFAlIndV/ v [T] 質疑：This new discovery challenges traditional beliefs.（這項新的發現對傳統觀念提出了異議。）We reason together, challenge, revise, and complete each other?s reasoning and each other?s conceptions of reason.[2012 Text 3]（我們一起思考，一起懷疑、修正和完善彼此的推理過程，以及彼此對理性的理解。）n [C]質問；懷疑：a serious challenge to the Prime Minister's authority（對首相的權威性鄭重提出的異議）Not surprisingly, newly published discovery claims and credible discoveries that appear to be important and convincing will always be open to challenge and potential modification or refutation by future researchers.[2012 Text 3]（新發表的看似至關重要且有說服力的發現聲明和可靠發現總是會受到質疑，并且可能會被后來的研究者修改或者反駁，這不足為奇。）【常見義】v [T]挑戰 n [C] 挑戰

check /tFek/ v [T] 阻礙；制止：check an impulse to laugh（抑止住想要笑的沖動）The police are failing to take adequate measures to check the growth in crime.[2000 Passage 5]（警方未能采取適當的措施來阻止犯罪率上升。）【常見義】v [T]檢查

clash /klAF/ n [C] 沖突；爭論： The plans put oil companies in a head-on clash;with environmentalists.（這些計劃使石油公司和環境保護主義者發生了正面沖突。）The astonishing distrust of the news media isn?t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash;of world views between reporters and their readers.[2001 Passage 3]（對新聞媒體出奇的不信任并不是源于報道失實或報道水平欠佳，而是源于記者和讀者每天都發生著的世界觀的沖突。）【常見義】n [C]碰撞聲；撞擊聲

class /klB:s/ v [T] 把??分類；將??歸類： Heroin and cocaine are classed as hard drugs.（海洛因和可卡因歸入硬毒品一類。）With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature.[2000 Passage 3]（然而，對于未來主義詩歌而言，情況卻很難說。因為無論未來主義詩歌什么樣，即使承認其理論依據可能是正確的，也很難將其歸類于文學。）n [C] 種類： a rare class of butterflies（一類稀有的蝴蝶）It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.” [2010 Text 2]（它“有可能導致一整類商業方法專利被撤銷”。）【常見義】n [C]階級；班級；課

cloak /klEUk/ v [T] 隱藏；覆蓋；掩飾： She cloaked her embarrassment by rushing into speech.（她急忙開口說話，以掩飾自己的尷尬。）Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” [2011 Text 2]（他沒有用一些常見的模棱兩可的借口掩飾自己的離開，反而坦言離職是為了“追求自己經營一家公司的目標”。）【常見義】n [C]斗篷；披風

cloud /klaUd/ v [T] 毀壞（某事物）；威脅： I hope this disagreement won?t cloud our friendship.（我希望這一分歧不會影響我們的友誼。）A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.[2011 Text 2]（同時，動蕩的商業環境也使得高級經理人格外小心，避免讓模糊不清的表態給自己的名譽蒙上陰影。）【常見義】n [C, U]云

code /kEUd/ n [C] 行為準則；行為規范： The profession has a strict code of practice.（這一行有嚴格的行業守則。）The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.[2002 Text 4]（醫學界正采取措施讓年輕的醫生在晚期病人療養所接受培訓，檢驗各種大膽的鎮痛療法方面的知識，為醫院所提供的臨終關懷制定醫療收費標準，同時也為評估和處理病人彌留之際的病痛建立新的標準。）Part of the problem is that the justices are not bound by an ethics code.[2012 Section I]（部分原因在于法官并不為道德規范所約束。）【常見義】n [C, U]密碼；代碼

comb /kEUm/ v [T] 細查；搜尋： Police combed the area for the murder weapon.（警察在這個地區仔細搜索兇器。）In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans combed antique dealers? stores in Athens, Greece.19[2014 Part B]（世紀末期，英國考古學家亞瑟·埃文斯爵士逐一搜尋了希臘雅典的古玩店。）【常見義】n [C]梳子

community /kE5mju:nEtI/ n [CGp]（由同宗教、同種族、同職業或其他共同特征的人組成的）團體；界：The police haven?t really done anything for the black community in particular.（警方并沒有特別為黑人團體做什么。）On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.[2002 Text 4]（另一方面，許多醫學界的人承認，協助病人自殺的爭論之所以升溫，部分原因是病人的絕望情緒。對他們來說，現代醫學只是延長了他們彌留之際肉體上的苦痛。）n [C]（生態）群落：communities of insectivorous birds（食蟲鳥類群落）Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.[2010 Part C]（然而，這些生物卻是生物群落的成員，如果生物群落的穩定性取決于其完整性，那么這些生物就有權繼續生存下去。）【常見義】n [C] 社會；社區

company /5kQmpEnI/ n [U] 陪伴：I enjoy his company.（我喜歡和他在一起。）As was discussed before, it was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic medium, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical.[2002 Section II]（正如前面所講的，直到 19 世紀，報紙才繼小冊子和圖書之后，與期刊一起，成為電子時代到來之前的最重要的傳播媒介。）【常見義】n [C]公司；商行

conceive /kEn5si:v/ v [I, T] 懷孕；受孕：She was told she couldn't conceive.（她得知自己不能懷孕。）Soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania.[2007 Text 1]（酷愛足球運動的父母更有可能在春季懷孕，因為那是一年中足球狂熱的巔峰季節。）【常見義】v [I, T]構思；想象

constitutes /5kCnstItju:t/ v [T] 是；被算作： The rise in crime constitutes a threat to society.（犯罪率上升是對社會的威脅。）A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.[2001 Passage 1]（只要比較一下過去的一個半世紀里的英國地質學刊物就會發現，不僅僅是研究的首要地位越來越受到強調，而且學術文章的發表標準也在發生改變。）【常見義】 v [T]組成；構成

考研熟詞僻意

（二）contend /kEn5tend/ v [T] 主張（某事物）；爭辯；認為，聲稱： I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil.（我認為失業是我們社會最為嚴重的弊病。）Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death.” [2002 Text 4]（蒙特非奧爾醫療中心主任南希·道布勒認為，這一原則將庇護那些醫生——他們“直到現在還堅定地認為，如果加大劑量可能會加速病人死亡，他們總不能給病人足夠的藥物來控制他們的痛苦。”）It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town?s revenue because they spend the night（some of them four or five nights）pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.[2006 Text 2]（皇家莎士比亞劇團聲稱，看戲的人為小鎮帶來了大量的收入，因為他們在此過夜（有些甚至住四到五個夜晚），把大把大把的錢花在酒店以及飯店中。）But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.[2012 Text 1]（但是蒂娜?羅森堡在其新書《加入俱樂部》中主張，通過她所說的社會治療，朋輩壓力也可以成為一種積極的力量。在社會治療的過程中，各機構及官員運用群體動力來幫助個人改善生活，并有可能改變世界。）【常見義】v [I, T]爭斗；競爭

course /kR:s/ n [S]（時間的）進程，過程：In the course of my long life I've known many changes.（我在漫長的一生中飽經滄桑。）Visualize how you would like it to end instead;the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course.[2005 Text 3]（并設想你期望的另一種結局；下次再做類似的夢的時候，努力及時醒來以控制夢的進程。）His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.[2006 Part C]（他的職責與法官相似，必須承擔這樣的責任：用盡可能明了的方式來展現引導自己作出決定的推理過程。）n [C]（船只或飛行器的）航向，航線：The course of the ship was due north.（這條船的航行方向是正北。）Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.[2015 Part C]（有時候風暴使船只嚴重偏離航線，而風平浪靜又常常使他們陷入漫長得難以忍受的淹留之中。）【常見義】n [C] 課程

cover /5kQvE(r)/ v [T]（新聞記者）報道： The BBC will cover all the major games of the tournament.（英國廣播公司將報道這次錦標賽的所有重要賽事。）In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.[2010 Text 1]（在那段遙遠的歲月里，人們認為各大報 紙的評論家應當對他們所報道的事件予以詳盡全面的描述。）【常見義】v [T]覆蓋；遮蓋

coverage /5kQvErIdV/ n [C, U] 新聞報道： media / newspaper / press coverage（媒體 /報紙 / 報刊的報道）Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.[2010 Text 1]（在過去的 25 年中，英文報紙發生的影響最為深遠的變化可能就是藝術報道的范圍勢不可擋的縮減和其嚴肅性的下降。）【常見義】n [U]范圍

craft /krB:ft/ v [T] 精心制作： He crafted the chair lovingly.（他精心制作了這把椅子。）To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students? ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day.[2014 Text 4]（為了激勵創新和競爭，該報告呼吁增加科研投入，精心設計條理清晰的課程，以提高學生在 21 世紀解決問

題的能力和有效溝通的能力，呼吁增加對教師的投入，鼓勵學者應用他們的研究來應對如今的巨大挑戰。）【常見義】n [C]手藝，工藝

critical /5krItIkl/ adj 重要的；緊要的；關鍵性的： It is absolutely critical for us to know the truth.（我們知道真相是極其重要的。）“How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”, Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.[2007 Text 2]（斯滕伯格在《智力測試有多準?》一文中指出，傳統測試能夠很好地評估分析能力和語言能力，但無法衡量創造力和實踐能力，而這些也是解決問題和獲得成功的關鍵因素。）【常見義】adj 批評的；非難的

criticism /5krItIsIzEm/ n [C, U]（文學、藝術等的）評論： Literary and art criticism is a complex question which requires a great deal of special study.（文藝批評是一個復雜的問題，需要大量專門的研究。）It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.[2010 Text 1]（對于 40 歲以下的普通讀者而言，他們難以想象一個可以在大多數大城市的報紙上讀到高質量的藝術評論的時代。）【常見義】n [U]批評；指責

crop /krCp/ v [T] 收割；收獲： the number of trout cropped each year（每年鱒魚的捕獲量）That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels.[2006 Text 3]（而發現這些變化很重要，因為理論表明一個漁場只有在目標捕撈物種的生物量保持在原始基數的 50%左右時，才能獲得最大可持續捕撈量。）【常見義】n [C]莊稼；農作物

cultivate /5kQltIveIt/ v [T] 力求獲得某人的友誼或支持：You must cultivate people who can help you in business.（你得結交在業務上對你有用的人。）They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have no need to cultivate political support.[2012 Section I]（法官被授予終身職位，這樣他們可以無所顧慮地去觸碰當權者，同時無需尋求政治支持。）【常見義】v [T]培養；栽培

curb /k:b/ n [C] 控制；約束： government curbs on spending（政府對開支的限制）Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.[2010 Text 2]（對商業方法專利申請的控制將是聯邦巡回法院[對該類專利]態度的徹底轉變，因為正是聯邦巡回法院自身在1998 年所謂“道富銀行案”的裁決中引入了這類專利，當時法院批準對某種共同投資資產的管理方法授予專利。）Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.[2013 Text 1]（盡管有些快速時裝消費品公司已經在為抑制對勞動力和環境的影響而努力，比如 H&M 公司推出了“環保意識時尚”系列，但克萊因認為，只有消費者才能帶來持久的改變。）【常見義】n [U]路緣

deliver /dI5lIvE(r)/ v [T] 發表（正式講話）： He will deliver a lecture on endangered species.（他將做一個關于瀕危物種的講座。）Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner.[2002 Text 1]（你可以輕松、自然地在談話中加進一些隨意的、看似即興的評論。）【常見義】v [T]遞送、傳送（信件、包裹、貨物等）

discipline /5dIsIplIn/ n [C]學科；教學科目：When did sociology emerge as a distinct discipline?（社會學是何時成為獨立學科的？）Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis.[2003 Part C]（人類學是一門以實地研究為導向的學科，它大量使用比較分析的方法。）The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities.[2007 Part C]（幾百年來，法律研習在歐洲大學中一直被認為是一門基礎的知識學科。）【常見義】n [U] 紀律

dismiss /dIs5mIs/ v [T] 拒絕考慮；否認： He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.（他只是笑了笑，認為我的建議不切實際，拒絕考慮。）Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.[2009 Text 1]（我們不必把自己看作一成不變的習慣性生物，相反，我們可以通過有意識地培養新習慣來主動地作出改變。）【常見義】v [T]開除；解雇

dramatic /drE5mAtIk/ adj 突然的；巨大的；令人吃驚的： The announcement had a dramatic effect on house prices.（這則公告對房屋價格產生了巨大影響。）The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more（and more diverse）communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.[2011 Text 3]（同樣劇烈的技術變革為營銷人員提供了更多的且不同的通訊選擇，同時也增加了風險，因為情緒激動的消費者會以更快、更明顯和更具破壞性的方式表達他們的意見。）【常見義】adj 戲劇的

dumb /dQm/ adj 愚蠢的： a dumb decision（愚蠢的決定）It?s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut.[2011 Text 4]（很難想象，很多人會愚蠢到僅僅因為瑞茜和安吉麗娜使生育孩子看上去光鮮迷人就想要生孩子：多數成年人都明白，養孩子可不像剪頭發那樣簡單。）【常見義】adj 啞的

embrace /Im5breIs/ v [T] 欣然接受（或支持）（某種信仰、理論、改變等）：Most countries have enthusiastically embraced the concept of high-speed railroads.（許多國家都已經熱情高漲地接受了高速鐵路這一概念。）Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them.[2010 Text 3]（營銷人員支持“二級傳播”理論，因為該理論表明只要他們能找到社會中有影響力的人，并對其施加影響，那么這些挑選出來的人就可以為他們完成大部分的工作。）【常見義】v [T]擁抱

end /end/ n [C] 目的；目標： She?ll do anything to achieve her own ends.（她會全力以赴實現自己的目標。）“Our main end was to catch fish.”“我們主要是來這里捕魚的。”[2009 Text 4] 【常見義】n [C]結束；終端 v [T]結束；終止

exploit /Ik5splRIt/ v [T]（為獲取利益而）利用： We need to exploit every opportunity for media coverage.（我們需要利用每一個媒體宣傳的機會。）While traditional “paid”media—such as television commercials and print advertisements—still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media.[2011 Text 3]（雖然傳統的“付費”媒介——比如電視廣告和平面廣告——仍然扮演著重要的角色，但如今企業還可以利用許多其他形式的媒介。）【常見義】v [T]剝削

fabricate /5fAbrIkeIt/ v [T] 編造，虛構： fabricate an excuse（編造借口）The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well-studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.[2004 Part B]（這些新近被描述的語言往往與已經得到充分研究的歐洲語言及東南亞語言極其不同，以至于有些學者甚至指責博厄斯和薩皮爾偽造資料。）【常見義】v [T]制作；創造

fair /feE/ n [C] 集市；廟會：Every autumn I go to the county fair.（每個秋季我都去縣里的集市。）For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animal—no meat, no fur, no medicines.[2003 Text 2]（舉例來說，在最近的一次街頭集市上，一位張羅了一個動物權利宣傳攤的老太太在發小冊子，鼓勵人們不要使用來自動物或者在動物身上做過實驗的任何東西——不吃肉，不穿毛皮，也不吃藥。）【常見義】adj 公平的；公正的

fashion /5fAFn/ v [T] 改革；改變： fashion the social institutions of the old（改變舊的社會習俗）Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.[2013 Text 4]（而亞利桑那州試圖改變州政策，欲與已存在的聯邦法令并駕齊驅。）v [T] 形成；設計或制作某物： He fashioned a box from a few old pieces of wood.（他用幾塊舊木頭做了個盒子。）There is no doubt that gardens evidence an irrepressible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge.[2013 Part C]（毫無疑問，花園證實了一種不可遏制的想要創作、表達、設計和美化的強烈愿望，并印證了自我表達是人類的基本需求。）If the Administration won?t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures.[2005 Text 2]（如果政府沒有率先立法，國會就應當幫助制定相應的保護措施。）【常見義】n [C, U]風尚，時尚

father /5fB:TE(r)/ v [T] 做??的父親；生養： He fathered three children.（他有三個孩子。）They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.[2008 Text 4]（科學家開始這方面的研究在一定程度上是由于在 1998 年獲取的 DNA 證據，這些證據幾乎毫無疑問地表明托馬斯?杰斐遜和自己的奴隸賽莉?海明斯至少生過一個孩子。）【常見義】n [C]父親

feature /5fi:tFE(r)/ n [C]（尤指報刊、節目的長篇）特寫，特別報道： a special feature on children?s reference books（一篇關于兒童參考讀物的專題文章）As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years.[2014 Text 3]（據《自然》雜志的一篇新聞專題文章論述，近年來有一系列為研究人員設立的巨額獎項加入到諾貝爾獎的行列。）v [T] 以??為特色；是??的特征： The latest model features alloy wheels and an electronic alarm.（最新款的特色是合金車輪和電子報警器。）Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.[2006 Text 4]（雜志上總是刊登著笑容滿面的名人們以及住在漂亮房子里幸福美滿的家庭。）v [T] 特寫；突出表現： This month?s magazine features the new James Bond on the front cover.（本月雜志封面上有新的詹姆斯·邦德的特寫。）Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.[2011 Text 4]（實際上，每周雜志上都至少有一位面帶笑容的明星媽媽或者準媽媽的特寫。）【常見義】n [C]特點，特征

feed /fi:d/ v [T] 供給；供應： The public baths are fed by natural springs.（該公共浴池的水來自天然泉水。）If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.[2007 Text 1]（如果你再檢查為世界杯和職業球隊輸送人才的歐洲國家青年隊，你會發現這個奇怪的現象更為明顯。）【常見義】v [T]喂養；飼養

fertile /5f:taIl/ adj（人、動植物）能受孕的；能生育的，有繁殖力的：Karen carefully calculated the period when she was most fertile.（卡倫仔細地計算了自己的最佳受孕期。）There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children.Few people are as fertile as in the past.[2000 Passage 2]（還有另一種方式扼殺了人類自身的進化：壽命延長，但卻少生孩子。現在沒有幾個人像過去的人那樣具有旺盛的生育能力了。）【常見義】adj（土壤、土地）肥沃的

fetch /fetF/ v [T] 售得；賣得： The land could fetch over a million pounds.（這塊地售價可超過100萬英鎊。）These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.[2010 Text 4]（這些準則規定，銀行必須以第三方愿意支付的價格評估資產，而不應以價格管理者們和監管機構期望售出的價格來評估資產。）【常見義】v [T]接來；取來

field /fi:ld/ v [T] 回答： He fielded some awkward questions very skillfully.（他非常巧妙地回答了幾個尷尬的問題。）So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe(whose IQ is 100)as, what?s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? [2007 Text 2]（因此，當莎凡回答智商為 100 的普通人提出的諸如“愛與喜歡有何區別？”或“運氣和巧合的本質是什么？”這類問題時，人們不禁感到困惑。）【常見義】n [C]田地，牧場

figure /5fIgE/ n [C] 人物（尤其是著名人物）：a famous historical figure（一位著名的歷史人物）Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift.[2005 Text 4]（美國人已經不再期待公眾人物在演講或寫作中運用技巧和文采來駕馭英語了。）Among the commission?s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.[2014 Text 4]（該委員會的 51 名成員包括頂尖大學的校長、學者、律師、法官、企業家，以及來自外交、電影制片、音樂和新聞領域的杰出代表。）【常見義】n [C]數字

fold /fEUld/ v [I] 屈服；抵擋不住： a team that never folded under pressure（一支從不屈服于壓力的隊伍）The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes its reconstruction of rules later this year is strong.[2010 Text 4]（但該委員會表示不愿在沒有總體規劃的情況下貿然行動，可是到今年稍晚些時候，當IASB 完成自身規則的改造時，其屈服的壓力將會很大。）【常見義】v [T]折疊

forge /fR:dV/ v [T] 形成，建立（關系）： The two women forged a close bond.（兩位女士形成緊密同盟。）On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.[2007 Part C]（另一方面，它把這些概念同日常生活聯系起來，其方式與新聞記者每天報道和評論新聞時的做法是一樣的。）【常見義】v [T]鍛造；打鐵

fortune /5fR:tFu:n/ n [C] 財產：She pursued her fortune in another country.（她到他鄉尋求她的財富。）Consumers say they?re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good.[2004 Text 3]（消費者說，盡管報紙的頭條新聞很嚇人，他們并不感到絕望，因為他們對自己的財富狀況仍然感覺良好。）But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.[2007 Text 3]（但是今天，家庭收入的減少再也不能靠以前待在家里的伴侶出去賺取額外收入而得到彌補。）【常見義】n [U]運氣；機會

frame /freIm/ n [C] 身體；體形： She has quite a small frame.（她身材很瘦小。）The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.[2008 Text 3]（近年來，那些從事重要體育項目的職業運動員的身體發生了巨大變化，俱樂部的經理們也非常樂意調整隊服的尺寸以適應不斷增多的越來越大、越來越高的身軀。）【常見義】n [C]構架

fuel /5fju:El/ v [T] 維持；煽動（激烈的情感或活動）： His resignation fuelled speculation of an imminent cabinet reshuffle.（他的辭職激起了人們對內閣將隨之重組的猜測。）On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.[2002 Text 4]（另一方面，許多醫學界的人承認，協助病人自殺的爭論之所以升溫，部分原因是病人的絕望情緒。對他們來說，現代醫學只是延長了他們彌留之際肉體上的苦痛。）【常見義】n [C, U]燃料

game /geIm/ n [U] 野禽；獵物： game birds（供獵捕的鳥）The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction.[2006 Text 3]（這些生長緩慢的大型動物很容易被獵殺，所以很快就被獵殺殆盡。）【常見義】n [C]游戲；運動

gift /gIft/ n [C] 天賦；稟賦；才能： He has a gift for languages.（他有語言天賦。）“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ?journalism? as ?a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.?” [2010 Text 1]（“擁有足夠的智力或文學天賦來堅持新聞寫作的作家是如此之少，”紐曼寫道，“以致我忍不住把?新聞業?定義為?不受讀者歡迎的作家對那些廣受歡迎的作家的輕蔑之辭?。”）【常見義】n [C]禮物

grasp /grB:sp/ v [T] 全面理解（某事）；全面領會： I hadn?t really grasped what they were talking about.（我沒有真正明白他們在談論什么。）Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.[2004 Text 4]（智力尋求的是領會、操控、重新安排和調整，而智慧旨在審視、思考、懷疑、推理、批判和想象。）It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.[2014 Part C]（這也解釋了為何當我們力圖用語言描述音樂時只能說清對它的感受，而無法領會音樂本身。）【常見義】v [T]抓住；把握

ground /graUnd/ n [C esp pl]說、做或相信某事的原因或理由：They had no grounds to arrest him.（他們沒有理由逮捕他。）Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone?s cost.[2003 Text 3](鐵路公司認為對“受制約的”托運商實行差別收費是合理的，理由是從長遠來看，所有人的成本都會減少。)But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.[2014 Text 2](然而，沒有哪一個國家的客戶能比美國人更有理由抱怨。)【常見義】n [U]土地 n [S]地面

guide /gaId/ n [C] 有指導意義的事物；準則： As a rough guide, allow half a cup of rice per person.（大致定個標準，就是每人半杯米。）The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for.[2011 Text 3]（過去，市場營銷成功的大致準則就是一分錢一分貨。）【常見義】v [T]引導；指導

handsome /5hAnsEm/ adj 相當大的；可觀的： a handsome reward（一筆可觀的報酬）The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits.[2008 Text 2]（這份由澳大利亞維多利亞大學的約翰?霍頓和經合組織的格雷姆?維克利合作撰寫的報告讓那些迄今一直獲利豐厚的出版商讀起來心情沉重。）【常見義】adj 英俊的

harness /5hB:nIs/ v [T] 統治；管理；支配： If you can harness your energy, you will accomplish a great deal.（如果你能控制你的精力，你將獲得巨大成功。）And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better.[2005 Text 3]（其中一位重要的權威人士表示，夢這種極為強烈的精神活動不僅能被控制，事實上還能被人類有意識地控制，以使我們睡得更好，感覺更好。）【常見義】v [T]給（馬等）上挽具；套（馬等）hawk /hR:k/ v [T] 叫賣；兜售： Street traders were hawking costume jewellery.（街頭小販正在叫賣不值錢的仿造珠寶。）“There?s a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,” says Troy Duster, a New York University sociologist.[2009 Text 2]（紐約大學的社會學家特洛伊·迪斯特說：“那些聲稱可以提供血統鑒定的人在兜售虛假的準確度”。）【常見義】n [C]鷹；隼

hijack /5haIdVAk/ v [T]把持，控制，使用（本不屬于自己的東西）： Environmentalists were accused of hijacking the rally to promote their own aims.（環境保護主義者被指控通過操縱這一集會來促進自身目標的實現。）Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.[2011 Text 3]（例如，社交網絡的用戶正認識到，他們可以通過控制媒介來對最初創建這些媒介的企業施壓。）【常見義】v [T]劫持（飛機或車輛）

hit /hIt/ v [T] 達到（某事物）；至： The yen hit a record high in trading today.（在今日的交易中，日元升值到了歷史新高。）As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be.[2014 Section I]（許多人一步入中年，往往就開始注意到他們的記憶力沒有以前好了，頭腦也不如以前清晰了。）【常見義】v [T]打擊；撞擊

考研英語一熟詞僻意

（三）hold /hEUld/ v [T] 持有；懷有（觀點或信念）： Experts hold varying opinions as to the causes of the disease.（專家們對該病的起因各持己見。）Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect,” a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.[2002 Text 4]（雖然裁決規定，憲法沒有賦予醫生協助病人自殺的權力，但最高法院實際上還是支持“雙重效應”的醫學原則的。這個延續了數百年的道德原則認為：當某個行為可能出現兩種結果時——一個是希望達到的好的結果，另一個是可以預見到的壞的結果——如果行為的執行者期待的只是好的結果，那么這個行為是被允許的。）On the overturned provisions the majority held the Congress had deliberately“occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal?s privileged powers.[2013 Text 4]（在被推翻的條款中，大多數法官認為國會早已有意“占領了這塊領地”，因此亞利桑那州侵犯了聯邦政府享有的特權。）【常見義】v [T]握住；拿住

honor /5CnE(r)/ v [T] 給??以榮譽；向??表示尊敬： We are here today to honor the men and women who gave their lives for their country.（今天我們在此向那些為祖國獻出生命的人們表示敬意。He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored.[2010 Text 1]（他于 1967 年被授予爵士稱號，是第一個獲此殊榮的音樂評論家。）【常見義】n [U]尊敬；榮譽

immune /I5mju:n/ adj 不受某事物影響；不易感受某事物：immune to criticism（不為批評所動搖）Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation?s assimilative power.” [2006 Text 1]（羅德里格斯指出，全世界偏遠山村的孩子們都是像阿諾·施瓦辛格與加思·布魯克斯這樣的超級巨星的影迷或歌迷，然而“一些美國人卻擔心，居住在美國境內的許多移民不知為何仍對這個國家的同化有免疫力”。）【常見義】adj 有免疫力（因接種疫苗或自發的）

inform /In5fR:m/ v [T] 影響（某人的態度或觀點）： Her experience as a refugee informed the content of her latest novel.（她的難民經歷影響了她最新推出的小說的內容。）Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another.[2015 Part B]（最理想的是，不同閱讀方式互相影響，彼此作為有用的參照，或相互制約。）【常見義】v [T]通知

interest /5IntrEst/ n [U]利息：pay interest on a capital sum（付一筆資金的利息）Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low rate of interest, but loans of this kind are not frequently obtainable.[2000 Part II] 當然，他想要設法獲得低利率貸款，但這種貸款不是經常能借到的。

n [C uss pl] 好處；利益：It is in your best interest to cooperate.（合作對你最有利。）As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are.[2001 Passage 2]（隨著互聯網日益商業化，普及上網符合商家利益——因為，上網的人越多，潛在客戶就越多。）For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law.[2007 Part C]（比如，有關證據和事實、基本權利和公眾利益這樣的概念在新聞判斷和新聞制作過程中所起的作用就像在法庭上一樣。）【常見義】n [U, sing]興趣

juggle /5dVQgl/ v [I, T]（尤指吃力地）同時應付（幾份工作、多項活動等）： It?s hard trying to juggle a job with kids and the housework.（既要上班，又要帶孩子、做家務，實在是太辛苦了。）I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of“juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.[2001 Passage 5]（我發現，放棄“為生活打拼”的信條轉向“低速生活”，會帶來遠比經濟成功和社會地位更為豐厚的回報（凱爾西因不堪不斷增加的壓力辭去了《她》雜志編輯的職務——這件事曾被廣泛報道），此后，她或許會與我有同樣的發現。）【常見義】v [I, T]玩雜耍

ladder /5lAdE(r)/ n [C]（事業等發跡、進身、晉升等的）階梯，途徑，門路：He is still on the bottom rung of the political ladder.（他尚處于政治階梯的最低一級。）The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan?s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.[2000 Passage 4]（戰后生育高峰期出生的一代人進入成年以及女性進入男性主宰的就業市場，這些都限制了青少年的發展機遇。這些青少年已經開始質疑，為進所好學校、找份好工作而攀登日本殘酷的社會階梯所付出的巨大代價，是否真的值得。）【常見義】n [C]梯子

lame /le?m/ adj 無說服力的；蹩腳的： Sleeping too long is a lame excuse for being late.（睡得過久而遲到,這個借口站不住腳。）They should start by discarding California?s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone—a vast storehouse of digital information—is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect?s purse.[2015 Text 2]（智能手機是一個龐大的數字信息儲存庫，而加州論稱，翻查嫌犯的智能手機如同翻查他們的錢包，法官們首先要做的就是摒棄這個毫無說服力的論述。）【常見義】adj 瘸的；跛的

launch /lR:ntF/ v [T] 使（某人、某事物）行動；使開始： The company is launching a new model next month.（這家公司下個月將推出新型號產品。）People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th century department stores that offered ast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.[2006 Text 1]（人們沉迷于由19世紀百貨商店所創造的“消費文化”中，這類商店“在一種優雅的環境中供應琳瑯滿目的商品”。）【常見義】v [T]使（新船）初次下水

league /li:g/ n [C] 里格（舊時長度單位，約 3 英里或 4.8 公里）： Said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.”（一位事件記錄者說道：“百里之外傳來的氣息猶如鮮花初放的花園那樣芬芳迷人。”）【常見義】n [C]聯盟

lean /li:n/ adj（行業、公司）高效精干的： Staff were pruned, ostensibly to produce a leaner and fitter organization.（裁員表面上是讓公司更有效率，更健康。）Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin.[2003 Text 1]（在奧斯汀，弗里德曼依靠一個只有 20 名員工的精干團隊。）【常見義】adj（指人或動物）瘦的

line /lain/ n [C] 行業；行當： the stresses unique to their line of work（他們這一行業所特有的壓力）Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise.[2004 Text 1]（有的人用它來密切關注對于本行業的市場需求或搜集有關薪水的信息以備加薪談判時胸有成竹。）n [sing]（產品的）類型，種別： This shop has a nice line in winter coats.（這家商店的冬裝大衣很好。）Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.[2013 Text 1]（盡管有些快速時裝消費品公司已經在為抑制對勞動力和環境的影響而努力，比如 H&M 公司推出了“環保意識時尚”系列，但克萊因認為，只有消費者才能帶來持久的改變。）【常見義】n [C]線條；線

live /laIv/ adj（音樂表演）現場的： There is traditional live music played most nights.（大多數夜晚都有現場音樂表演。）Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point.[2011 Text 1]（那些忠實的音樂會觀眾反駁說現場演出絕非唱片所能替代，但是他們沒有看到問題的實質。）【常見義】v [I]活；生存；居住

lobby /5lCbi/ v [I, T] 游說： lobby for stronger environmental safeguards（為加強環境保護而游說）Unfortunately, banks? lobbying now seems to be working.[2010 Text 4]（令人遺憾的是，銀行的游說如今似乎已經產生了作用。）n [C] 游說團體： a powerful anti-smoking lobby（聲勢浩大的反吸煙團體）That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? [2005 Text 2]（還記得他們堅持認為反吸煙游說團體是在破壞我們的生活方式，而政府應當置身事外的那些年嗎？）【常見義】n [C]門廳，前廳

loom /lu:m/ v [I]（問題或困難）逼近，臨近： An economic crisis is looming on the horizon.（經濟危機正在逼近。）My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago.[2001 Passage 2]（我和我的妻子二十年前就對這種即將來臨的危險做過演講。）【常見義】n [C]織布機

lot /lCt/ n [C] 命運（一般用單數形式）： schemes to improve the lot of the disadvantaged（改善弱勢群體命運的方案）But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.[2013 Text 3]（但是我們目前已經掌握了足夠多的知識來減少許多曾威脅過早期人類生存的風險，以及改善后人的命運。）【常見義】pron 大量，許多

margin /5mB:dVIn/ n [C] 利潤： We?re working to rather tight profit margins.（我們只要求能獲得薄利。）Wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often.[2010 Part B]（隨著越來越多的歐洲人更加頻繁地外出就餐，食品服務業的批發需求也迅速增長。）【常見義】n [C]邊緣；邊界；空白頁邊

might /maIt/ n [U] 力量；威力： We fear the military might of the enemy.（我們懼怕敵人強大的軍事力量。）The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might.[2001 Passage 4]（這股浪潮從異常活躍的美國席卷到歐洲，并以無與倫比的威力波及到新興國家。）【常見義】v [aux]可能

model /5mCdl/ v [T] 以某人/某事物作榜樣；仿效：The design of the building is modelled on classical Greek forms.（那建筑物的設計是模仿希臘的古典形式。）What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain?s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined.[2002 Text 2]（在試圖模擬人類思維的過程中，研究人員發現，人腦中約有一千億個神經細胞遠比以前想象的更聰明，人類的感知方式也遠比想象中更復雜。）This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.” [2015 Text 3]（這種影響不僅體現在《科學》雜志上發表的論文上，而且有希望影響到更多想要效仿《科學》雜志做法的其他出版機構。）【常見義】n [C] 模型

modest /5mCdIst/ adj（數量、體積等）不大的，適度的：live on a modest income（靠不高的收入生活）Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy?s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.[2004 Text 3]（消費者似乎只是有些擔心，還沒有恐慌，并且很多人還說就在他們稍稍勒緊腰帶的時候，他們對經濟的長遠前景還是樂觀的。）Politicians have repeatedly“backloaded” public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.[2012 Text 4]（一些政治家再三“變相地提高”公共部門工資協議中承諾的薪酬待遇——薪資增長的幅度不大，但增加了假期，尤其是增加了本已非常豐厚的養老金。）【常見義】adj 謙遜的；質樸的

monitor /5mCnItE(r)/ n [C] 監測器；監視器： a monitor for radioactivity（放射量探測器）There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.[2001 Section IV]（屆時，將會出現由機器人主持的電視訪談節目，及裝有污染監測器的汽車，一旦汽車污染超標，監測器就會使其停駛。）【常見義】n [C]班長

move /mu:v/ n [C] 措施；行動： Abolishing the tax altogether would be a bold move.（完全廢除該稅收將會是一項大膽的舉措。）In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.S.Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.[2010 Text 2]（聯邦巡回上訴法院宣布將利用某一特定案例，展開對商業方法專利的廣泛復審，這一舉措引起了專利律師們的紛紛議論。）It?s a stunning move.[2012 Text 2]（安特吉公司的這一舉動令人震驚。）【常見義】v [I]移動；搬遷

movement /5mu:vmEnt/ n [C]（音）樂章：a symphony in four movements（一首四樂章的交響曲）It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word.[2014 Part C]（《葬禮進行曲》不是《英雄交響曲》的最后樂章而是第二樂章，這并非偶然，這樣一來，痛苦就不會是最終結局。）n [CGp, C]（在政治、社會或藝術等方面持共同見解的）運動： a movement toward world peace（爭取世界和平運動）When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.[2000 Passage 3]（當一場新的藝術運動成為某種潮流時，我們應弄清 楚其倡導者的目的所在。因為無論他們的準則現在看來是多么的牽強附會，不合情理，在將來都有可能被視為正常的事物。）Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research.[2003 Text 2]（因為生物醫學研究依賴于公共資金，而很少有人了解醫療衛生的研究過程，所以動物權利運動的領導人將矛頭指向了生物醫學研究。）【常見義】n [C, U] 移動；運動；活動

name /neIm/ v [T]提名某人或指定某人任一職務：She has been named as the new director.（她已被任命為新董事。）Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.[2011 Text 2]（在離職還不到兩周的時間，他就與哈特福德金融服務集團董事會進行了首次會談，9 月 29 日，該公司任命他為首席執行官兼董事長。）【常見義】n [C] 名字；名稱

nature /5neItFE/ n [U] 本質，實質；特性：It?s her duty to help them to realize the nature of their problems.（幫助他們認識他們問題本質是她的職責。）Regrettably, however, the report?s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.[2014 Text 4]（然而，令人遺憾的是，該報告未能指出文科教育面臨的危機的實質，故其帶來的弊大于利。）So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe(whose IQ is 100)as, what?s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? [2007 Text 2]（因此，當莎凡回答智商為 100 的普通人提出的諸如“愛與喜歡有何區別？”或“運氣和巧合的本質是什么？”這類問題時，人們不禁感到困惑。）【常見義】n [Mass] 大自然，自然界

note /nEUt/ v [T] 特別提到；指出： The judge noted that Miller had no previous criminal record.（法官指出米勒沒有前科。）Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation?s assimilative power.” [2006 Text 1]（羅德里格斯指出，全世界偏遠山村的孩子們都是像阿諾·施瓦辛格與加思·布魯克斯這樣的超級巨星的影迷或歌迷，然而“一些美國人卻擔心，居住在美國境內的許多移民不知為何仍對這個國家的同化有免疫力”。）He notes that each individual has many ancestors—numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back.[2009 Text 2]（他指出每個人都有許多祖先——僅上溯幾百年，祖先的數目就可達數百位。）【常見義】n [C]筆記；摘記 v [T]記下

novel /5nCvl/ adj 新奇的；新穎的；新的： a novel idea, fashion, design, experience（新的觀念、風尚、設計、經驗）Sometimes years are required for truly novel discovery claims to be accepted and appreciated.[2012 Text 3]（有時候，真正新的發現聲明需要數年才能被接受和重視。）He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact.[2015 Text 3]（他之所以同意加入是因為他“看到了成立這個委員會是一種先見之明，它前所未有而又別具一格，很有可能產生深遠的影響。）【常見義】n [C]小說

objective /Eb5dVektIv/ n [C]目標；目的：Everest is the climber's next objective.（埃佛勒斯峰是這個登山者的下一個目標。）In order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co-productions, the exchange of news, documentary services and training.[2005 Part C] 為達到這些目標，我們必須更加關注聯合制作、新聞交流、文獻服務和培訓。【常見義】adj 客觀的

obscure /Eb5skjUE(r)/ v [T] 使??不分明，使含糊；遮掩，隱藏： These figures obscure the fact that a lot of older people live in great poverty.（這些數字掩蓋了許多老人生活在極度貧困中這一事實。）The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing.[2008 Text 3]（然而，體育界的這一趨勢或許掩蓋了一個不為人知的事實：美國人的身高總體上已經停止了增長。）Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.[2014 Text 4]（然而其報告卻沒有弄清國會要求其闡明的問題的深度和廣度，很可能會阻礙改革的步伐。）【常見義】adj 黑暗的，光線不足的

observe /Eb5z:v/ v [T] 評論；說： In his book he observes that the President was an able diplomat.（在書中他評述說總統是個外交能手。）“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men?s,” she observes, “it?s just that they?re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.” [2008 Text 1]（她指出：“她們承受壓力的能力甚至可能比男性更強，只是她們要處理的事情更多，因此她們的疲態出現得更早、更明顯。”）【常見義】v [T]注意，察覺；觀察

考研英語熟詞僻意

（四）panel /5pAnl/ n [C] 評判小組；專業討論小組： a panel of judges（評審團）The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth?s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made.[2005 Text 2]（最近的行動是由白宮召集的來自國家科學院的專家組告訴人們，地球氣候的確在變暖，而這一問題在很大程度上是由人類造成的。）【常見義】n [C]鑲板；嵌板；儀表板

parallel /5pArElel/ adj 相似的；相同的；對等的：A close parallel to this behaviour is found in dolphins.（在海豚身上發現了與此極為相似的行為。）On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.[2007 Part C]（另一方面，它把這些概念同日常生活聯系起來，其方式與新聞記者每天報道和評論新聞時的做法是一樣的。）A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds.[2010 Part C]（肉食哺乳動物和捕食魚的鳥類也存在類似的情形。）n [C, U]極相似的人、情況、事情：a career without parallel in modern times（當代無匹的業跡）There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming.[2005 Text 2]（就在科學家們前仆后繼，試圖使人們意識到全球氣候變暖所帶來的日益嚴重的威脅時，類似的令人擔憂的情況又出現了。）【常見義】adj平行的

physical /5fIzIkl/ adj 身體的： The ordeal has affected both her mental and physical health.（痛苦的經歷損害了她的身心健康。）Strangely, it has involved little physical change.[2000 Passage 2]（奇怪的是，這一過程幾乎沒有涉及任何身體上的變化。）【常見義】adj物理的；物理學的

plain /pleIn/ adv [用于強調] 絕對地；簡直： That is just plain stupid.（那簡直是愚不可及。）Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty.[2002 Text 2]（自從擁有創造力之初，人類已設計出了越來越巧妙的工具，以應付那些危險、乏味、繁重或簡直是讓人討厭的工作。）【常見義】adj 【常見義】n [C]平原 adj 清楚的；明白的

plant /plB:nt/ n [C] 工廠： a nuclear / chemical plant（核電廠 / 化工廠）In 1924 America?s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago.[2010 Section I]（1924 年，美國國家研究委員會派出兩名工程師到芝加哥附近的霍桑電話機配件廠指導一系列實驗研究。）【常見義】n [C]植物

policy /5pClEsI/ n [C] 保險單：a fire-insurance policy（火災保險單）With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.[2005 Text 2]（風險日漸清晰，步步逼近，一個謹慎的民族現在應該準備一份保單了。）【常見義】n [C, U]方針；政策

pool /pu:l/ v [T]（多人或組織）把（錢或其他資金）集中共用： They entered a contract to pool any gains and invest them profitably.（他們簽了一個合同，將贏利集中起來并進行贏利性投資。）Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.[2005 Part B]（所有省份資源共享，與渥太華合作創建一個國家機構，改變目前每個省都有各自的獲批藥物清單、機構、程序以及有限的議價能力的局面。）Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.[2010 Text 2]（對商業方法專利申請的控制將是聯邦巡回法院對該類專利態度的徹底轉變，因為正是聯邦巡回法院自身在1998 年所謂“道富銀行案”的裁決中引入了這類專利，當時法院批準對某種共同投資資產的管理方法授予專利。）【常見義】n [C] 水塘；游泳池

pose /pEUz/ v [T] 引起；造成；提出： Heavy traffic poses a problem in many old towns.（交通擁擠是許多老城鎮的難題。）But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves—goals that pose a real challenge.[2002 Text 2]（但是如果想要機器人達到發揮節約人力作用的更高階段，它們必須能在更少的人力監控下進行工作，并且至少具備獨立做出一些決定的能力——這些目標才是真正的挑戰。）【常見義】n [C]姿勢；姿態

post /pEUst/ n [C]職位；工作：He was appointed to the post of general manager.（他獲任命為總經理。）In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post.[2011 Text 2]（在最近幾個星期，雅芳以及美國運通公司的二把手們紛紛以期望找到首席執行官的職位為由辭職。）Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school.There are simply too few posts.[2011 Part B]（同樣不足為奇的是，得到博士學位的人中，最后只有半數的人能夠獲得他們進入研究生院心有所圖的教授職位。職位確實是太少了。）【常見義】n [U]郵政；郵遞 v [T]投遞；郵寄

press /pres/ n [U] 報界；新聞界： The Press;were not allowed to attend the trial.（新聞界人士不得出庭旁聽。）In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press;, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a draft bill that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly control the amount of publicity that can be given to a case before a trial begins.[2001 Section II]（為了大力加強對報界的法律控制，大法官歐文勛爵將提交一份草案，提出向證人付費將被視為非法，并且嚴格控制開庭前對案情的公開程度。）【常見義】n [S]按；壓；擠 v [T] 擠壓

prime /praIm/ n [U] 全盛時期；盛年： When is a man in his prime?（一個人的盛年在什么時候?）When Hoffa?s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union;now 36% do.[2012 Text 4]（1960 年，霍法領導的國際卡車司機兄弟會正處于全盛時期，當時只有 10%的美國政府員工是工會成員，而現在達到 36%。）【常見義】adj 主要的；基本的

principal /5prInsEpl/ adj 重要的，主要的；首要的： The Danube is one of the principal rivers of Europe.（多瑙河是歐洲的主要河流之一。）They found that the principal requirement for what is called “global cascades”—the widespread propagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people.[2010 Text 3]（他們發現，要實現所謂的“全球傳播”——社交網絡中影響的廣泛傳播，最關鍵的條件不是少數有影響力人士的存在，而是大量易受影響人群的廣泛參與。）The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.[2015 Part C]（美國是兩種主要力量結合的產物：一個是思想、習俗和民族特征各不相同的歐洲移民，另一個是這個新國家在融合上述特征之后所帶來的影響。）【常見義】n [C]校長；院長

pursuit /pE5sju:t/ n [C] 職業；事業： She has time now to follow her various artistic pursuits.（她現在有時間從事各種藝術活動了。）Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer.[2007 Text 1]（于是，埃里克森和他的同事開始研究包括足球運動員在內的各行各業的優秀人才。）【常見義】n [U]追求；尋求

put /pUt/ v [T] 表達；陳述：I put my objections bluntly.（我直率地表明了我的反對意見。）As Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, puts it, “There has to be coordination of programs.What we need is a package deal.” [2006 Section I]（正如馬薩諸塞州本特利學院社區服務部主任愛德華·茲洛特科瓦斯基所說：“各種規劃必須協調進行。我們所需要的是一攬子計劃。”）Or, put another way, expert performers—whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming—are nearly always made, not born.[2007 Text 1]（或者，換種說法，優秀人才——無論是在記憶方面還是外科手術方面，在芭蕾舞方面還是計算機編程方面——幾乎都是后天培養的，而非天生的。）adj 固定的；不變的：stay put（留在原處不動）John Donahue at Harvard?s Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers.[2012 Text 4]（哈佛大學肯尼迪學院的約翰·多納休指出，西方公務員制度中的文化模式只適合那些追求安穩、不求上進的人，然而對于那些成績顯著的人來說是十分不利的。）【常見義】v [T]放置；使處于

quarter /5kwR:tE(r)/ n [C]（通常用復數）人；人群： Concern has been expressed in some quarters about this policy.（有些人已經表達了對這項政策的關注。）Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it?s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure.[2005 Text 2]（就像吸煙問題一樣，來自各方的聲音仍堅持認為，目前關于全球氣候變暖的科學研究還不完善，因此，在我們得以證實之前，可以繼續向大氣中排放廢氣。）n [C] 季度： Our gas bill for last quarter was unusually high.（我們上季度的煤氣費異常高。）In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research.[2011 Text 2]（利伯倫研究公司的數據顯示，由于憂心忡忡的董事會緊緊依靠著公司現有的領導，第三季度首席執行官更換率與一年前相比下降了23%。）【常見義】n [C]四分之一；四等分

question /5kwestFEn/ v [T]（對某事物）表示或感到懷疑： Her sincerity has never been questioned.（她的誠意從未受到懷疑。）The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan?s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.[2000 Passage 4]（戰后生育高峰期出生的一代人進入成年以及女性 進入男性主宰的就業市場，這些都限制了青少年的發展機遇。這些青少年已經開始質疑，為進所好學校、找份好工作而攀登日本殘酷的社會階梯所付出的巨大代價，是否真的值得。）【常見義】n [C]問題

quiet /5kwaIEt/ v [I, T] 變安靜： The child wouldn?t quiet down for me.（這孩子不肯為我安靜下來。）In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets.[2004 Text 3]（在舊金山，瘋狂的高價搶購現象雖然已經平息，房價仍然在上漲。）【常見義】adj 安靜的

raise /reIz/ v [T] 養育： I was raised by my aunt on a farm.（我是在農場由姨媽撫養大的。）Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.” [2011 Text 4]（盡管撫養孩子的日常生活令人心力交瘁，珍妮弗·西尼爾寫道：“正是此時此刻這些令我們心情沮喪的事情，日后才成為幸福和喜悅的來源”。）【常見義】v [T]舉起；升起；抬起

rear /rIE(r)/ v [T] 養育；撫養： It?s a good place to rear young children.（這是個撫養小孩的好地方。）It?s no surprise that Jennifer Senior?s insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I Love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter—nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience.[2011 Text 4]（珍妮弗·西尼爾撰寫的見解獨到并富于煽動性的雜志封面故事《我愛我的孩子們，我討厭我的生活》引起人們紛紛議論，這并不讓人覺得意外。）【常見義】n [S]后面；背后

reason /5ri:zn/ v [I, T] 思考；推斷： He reasoned that if we started at dawn, we would be there by noon.（他推斷，我們要是黎明出發，中午就能到。）He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another.[2004 Part B]（他推理說，在某種特定的語言中，更容易形成某些特定的概念，所以該語言的使用者便只會順著一種特有的思路來思考問題。）【常見義】n [C, U]原因；理由

reflect /rI5flekt/ v [I] 深思，反省：He reflected with sadness on the unhappiness of his marriage.（他憂傷地反思自己不幸的婚姻。）McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run.[2011 Text 2]（麥吉說在沒有找到新的工作之前就辭職，給了他時間思考自己想經營什么樣的公司。）【常見義】v [T]反射；反映

respect /rI5spekt/ n [C] 方面；著眼點：In many respects this is an important decision.（這在許多方面都是一項重要的決定。）Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.[2008 Part C]（在生命的最后一年里，他在著述中表示，在過去的二三十年間，他的思想在兩三個方面發生了變化。）【常見義】n [U] 尊敬；敬重

rest /rest/ v [I] 依靠或依賴：That argument rests on a false assumption.（那個論點是基于錯誤的前提。）But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.[2007 Part C]（但是，新聞記者必須比普通公民更深刻地理解法律，這種觀點是基于對新聞媒體既有慣例和特殊責任的理解。）v [I]在于，歸屬于：The final decision rests with the chairperson.（由主席做最后決定。）Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.[2008 Text 2]（論文的版權歸期刊出版商所有，其他想要了解研究成果的研究人員只能訂閱該期刊。）【常見義】n [C, U]休息 v [I] 休息

return /rI5t:n/ n [C, U] 收益；利潤： The return on the money we invested was very low.（我們投資獲得的收益很低。）The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access.[2008 Text 2]（知識的價值和公眾投資在科研領域中的回報在一定程度上依賴于知識和科研成果的廣泛傳播和方便獲取。）【常見義】n [C, U]歸還 n [S]返回 v [I]返回 v [T]歸還

review /rI5vju:/ v [T]回顧：review one?s progress（回顧自己的進程）Periodically review their emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating.[2007 Part B]（首先，定期同孩子一起回顧他顯露的優點和缺點，然后共同克服不足之處，比如不善于有效溝通或合作。）v [T]檢查，審查，評估：The Home Secretary was called on to review Britain?s gun laws.（內政大臣被要求審查英國的槍支法。）But as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission(NRC)reviews the company?s application, it should keep in mind what promises from Entergy are worth.[2012 Text 2]（但當美國核能管理委員會審核該公司的申請時，會考量安特吉公司的承諾有多少可信度。）They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research.[2014 Text 3]（它們可能會使同行評審研究的現狀停滯不前。）n [C, U] 審查，評估：All areas of the company will come under review.（公司的各種 活動都將受到審查。）In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.S.Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.[2010 Text 2]（聯邦巡回上訴法院宣布將利用某一特定案例，展開對商業方法專利的廣泛復審，這一舉措引起了專利律師們的紛紛議論。）n [C]（對書籍、電影等的）評論：The play got splendid reviews.（該劇受到高度的評價。）Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.[2010 Text 1]（然而，在 20 世紀出版的大量最重要的評論文集中，很大一部分都是報紙評論。）【常見義】v [T]復習；檢查 n [C] 溫習

rocket /5rCkIt/ v [I] 迅速增加；飛漲： Unemployment levels have rocketed to new heights.（失業率猛然上升到了新的水平。）The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.[2006 Text 2]（但很明顯，（劇院需要補貼的）原因是開支飛速上漲，而票價則一直較低。）【常見義】 n [C]火箭

row /rEU/ n [C] 大聲而激烈的爭論；吵架： the continuing row over the Government?s defence policy（關于政府防務政策的無休止的爭論）On May 31st Microsoft set off the row.[2013 Text 2]（5 月 31 日，微軟使這一爭論激化。）【常見義】n [C]一排，一行

rule /ru:l/ v [T] 做出裁決或裁定： The court ruled the action to be illegal.（法庭判定這種行為非法。）Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect,” a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.[2002 Text 4]（雖然裁決規定，憲法沒有賦予醫生協助病人自殺的權力，但最高法院實際上還是支持“雙重效應”的醫學原則的。這個延續了數百年的道德原則認為：當某個行為可能出現兩種結果時——一個是希望達到的好的結果，另一個是可以預見到的壞的結果——如果行為的執行者期待的只是好的結果，那么這個行為是被允許的。）【常見義】v [T]統治；操縱

run /rQn/ v [I, T]（被）出版；（被）刊登： When the story ran, there was a big to-do.（這篇報道刊登出來時，引起了一場騷動。）“As soon as that report runs, we?ll suddenly get 500 new internet sign-ups from Ukraine,” says Friedman, a former political science professor.[2003 Text 1]（“一旦這個報道發布出去，我們就會立即獲得500個來自烏克蘭的新網絡注冊用戶，”前政治學教授弗里德曼說。）【常見義】v [I]跑；奔跑

sacrifice /5sAkrIfaIs/ n [C] 犧牲 We must all be prepared to make sacrifices.（我們大家都必須準備好做出犧牲。）The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan?s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.[2000 Passage 4]（戰后生育高峰期出生的一代人進入成年以及女性進入男性主宰的就業市場，這些都限制了青少年的發展機遇。這些青少年已經開始質疑，為進所好學校、找份好工作而攀登日本殘酷的社會階梯所付出的巨大代價，是否真的值得。）

save /seIv/ prep 〈文〉除了： Nothing was required of him on this ship save to entertain his guests.（在這條船上，除了招待客人以外沒有什么事情需要他去做。）Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.[2010 Text 1]（然而，如今他的著作僅有一本仍可購得，他大量的音樂評論也僅為專業人士所知。）【常見義】v [T]救助；節省

secular /5sekjElE(r)/ adj 長期的： secular trend（長期的趨勢）But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height.[2008 Text 3]（但是隨著飲食和健康狀況的改善，兒童和青少年的身高平均每 20 年就會增加約 1.5 英寸，這就是通常所說的身高增長長期趨勢的模式。）【常見義】adj 現世的；世俗的

secure /sI5kjUE/ v [T] 獲得，取得：secured a job（找到一份工作）Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.[2009 Part C]（由于我們對年輕人的主要職責是使他們能夠融入共同的生活，因此我們不禁要考慮自己是否在形成讓他們獲得這種本領的能力。）v [T] 保護；確保：The troops secured the area before the civilians were allowed to return.（在百姓返回之前軍隊負責保護這個地區。）Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences;family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity;systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.[2009 Part C]（比如，宗教團體的成立是為了保衛統治階層的利益和抵御邪惡勢力；家庭生活的建立是為了滿足身體的欲望和維系家族長久；有組織的勞動的興起很大程度上是因為奴隸制度的產生，等等。）【常見義】adj 安全的 see /si:/ v [T] 經歷；經受： Both of them have seen a great deal of life, and are excellent company.（他們倆都是飽經世故的，和他們相處，再好不過了。）But increasingly the Japanese are seeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values.[2000 Passage 4]（但是日本人傳統的職業道德觀正在日益衰退。）【常見義】v [T]看見，察覺

sentence /5sentEns/ v [T] 判決；宣判： He has been sentenced to pay a fine of ￡1,000.（他被判罰款 1,000 英鎊。）Witness payments became an issue after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995.[2001 Section II]（1995 年韋斯特被判處 10 次終生監禁，此后，買通證人就成了一個爭論的焦點。）For example, he theorised that a judge fearful of appearing too soft on crime might be more likely to send someone to prison if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.[2013 Section I]（例如，西蒙松博士從理論上推測，如果一位擔心對犯罪行為表現得太過仁慈的法官在一天當中已經對五六名被告只判處了強制性社區服務，那么他更有可能會將接下來的被告送進監獄。）【常見義】n [C]句子

shape / FeIp / v [T] 決定??的形成；影響??的發展： These events helped to shape her future career.（這些事促成了她后來從事的事業。）This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active creation—whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.[2012 Part B]（這是因為聯網計算機已經引發了一場下載和上傳[被動消費和主動創造]之間的秘密戰爭。戰爭的結果將影響我們共同的未來，而這種影響的方式是我們之前難以想象的。）v [T] 塑造；使成形： Most caves are shaped by the flow of water through limestone.（大部分洞穴是水流經石灰巖形成的。）The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.[2002 Part B]（我們僅在一百多年前才闡明自然選擇在進化中的作用，而認識和研究環境在塑造和保持個體行為方面的選擇性作用則剛剛開始。）【常見義】n [C, U]形狀，樣子

sharp /FB:p/ adj 輪廓鮮明的；清晰的： The TV picture isn?t very sharp.（電視圖像不太清晰。）As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became“personal” too, as well as institutional, with display becoming sharper and storage capacity increasing.[2002 Section II]（隨著時間的推移，計算機的體積越來越小，功能卻越來越強。而且隨著顯示效果越來越清晰及存儲量越來越大，計算機不僅普遍應用于公共機構，而且還普及到了個人。）【常見義】adj 鋒利的；尖銳的

sheer /FIE/ adj 完全的；十足的： a sheer waste of time（純粹浪費時間）But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.[2015 Part C]（但是美國獨特的地理條件，不同種族之間的相互影響，以及在這個原始的新大陸維持原有生活方式的極大難度，引起了巨大的變化。）【常見義】adj 陡峭的

shield /Fi:ld/ v [T] 保護；庇護： The police officer shielded the child with her body.（那名警察用她的身體保護了小孩。）Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death.” [2002 Text 4]（蒙特非奧爾醫療中心主任南希·道布勒認為，這一原則將庇護那些醫生——他們“直到現在還堅定地認為，如果加大劑量可能會加速病人死亡，他們總不能給病人足夠的藥物來控制他們的痛苦。”）Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it?s useless.[2003 Text 4]（因為醫療費由第三方買單，我們會要求盡可能地用上一切手段為我們治療，即使這種治療毫無用處。）【常見義】n [C]盾牌

shoulder /5FEUldE(r)/ v [T] 承擔；承當： shoulder the blame for his friends（為他的朋友承擔斥責）If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.[2003 Text 3]（他們認為，如果鐵路公司對所有客戶平均收費，那些可以選擇貨運汽車或其他運輸方式的客戶就會另作選擇，從而使剩下的客戶承擔鐵路的運營費用。）【常見義】n [C]肩；肩膀

sit /sIt/ v [I] 在職；擔任（職務）： She sat on a number of committees.（她曾同時在幾個委員會中任職。）Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey: “I can?t think of a single search I?ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.” [2011 Text 2]（光輝國際的大股東丹尼斯·凱里說：“我所做過的每一次招聘，董事會都會要求我首先注意那些在職的首席執行官們。”）【常見義】v [I, T]坐；就座

考研英語熟詞僻意

（五）soft /sCft/ adj（過分）有同情心的；心腸軟的：If you appear to be soft, people will take advantage of you.（如果你表現得太過心軟，別人就會占你便宜。）For example, he theorised that a judge fearful of appearing too soft on crime might be more likely to send someone to prison if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.[2013 Section I]（例如，西蒙松博士從理論上推測，如果一位擔心對犯罪行為表現得太過仁慈的法官在一天當中已經對五六名被告只判處了強制性社區服務，那么他更有可能會將接下來的被告送進監獄。）【常見義】adj 柔軟的；輕柔的

solid /5sClId/ adj 牢靠的；堅實的： She gives another solid performance as an unemployed single mom.（作為失業的單身母親，她再一次表現出色。）In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling.[2000 Passage 1]（到了 1995 年，當日本還在苦苦掙扎的時候，美國已經連續五年穩步發展了。）【常見義】n [C]固體

sound /saUnd/ adj 合理的；正確的：It was a financially sound investment.（這項投資財政穩健。）If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.[2005 Text 2]（如果我們要保護大氣，那么，至關重要的是這些新發電站對環境是無害的。）【常見義】n [U]聲音 n [C, U] 聲音；聲響 v [I]發出響聲

spark /spB:k/ v [T] 引導；導致：The incident sparked a controversy.（這一事件引發了一場爭端。）This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active creation—whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.[2012 Part B]（這是因為聯網計算機已經引發了一場下載和上傳[被動消費和主動創造]之間的秘密戰爭。戰爭的結果將影響我們共同的未來，而這種影響的方式是我們之前難以想象的。）【常見義】n [C]火花；火星

spell /spel/ v [T] 導致；意味著： Their unwise investment could spell financial ruin.（他們所作的不明智的投資可能導致經濟上的崩潰。）But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music.[2005 Text 4]（但“做自己的事情”，這種對本色以及個性的崇拜導致了正式演講、寫作、詩歌及音樂的衰亡。）n [C]（某事物持續的）一段時間：a long spell of warm weather（持續很久的溫暖的天氣）Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.[2002 Text 2]（盡管在 20 世紀 60 年代和 70 年代人們曾有過一段最初的樂觀時期，因為在當時看來，似乎到 2010 年，晶體管電路和微處理器就有可能復制人類的思維活動，但是最近研究人員已開始把這一預言推遲了幾十年，甚至是幾百年。）【常見義】v [T] 拼寫

spread /spred/ v [I, T] 傳播；（使）流傳： He spread the news around the town.（他在鎮上到處傳播這一消息。）More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread;Internet access.[2001 Passage 2]（由于害怕自己的國家落后，越來越多的政府想擴大互聯網的使用范圍。）【常見義】v [T]展開；鋪開

squeeze /skwi:z/ v [T]（尤用于金融或商業）破壞；扼制： The economy is being squeezed by foreign debt repayments.（償還外債給經濟帶來了壞的影響。）On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.[2002 Text 3]（另一方面，新興的石油進口國——重工業已經轉移到這些國家——能源密集程度變得更大，從而可能面臨更大的壓力。）【常見義】v [T]用力擠壓；榨取

state /steIt / v [T] 規定；陳述，聲明： The rules state that samples must be enclosed in two watertight containers.（規則要求樣本必須裝在兩個水密容器中。）As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn?t ease the challenge of line-drawing.[2015 Text 2]（而情況通常是這樣的，制定準則也很難劃定實際界限。）【常見義】n [C]國家；州；情形

stem /stem/ v [T] 阻止；遏制： The government had failed to stem the tide of factory closures.（政府沒有控制住工廠紛紛倒閉的勢頭。）Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[2013 Part B]（例如，遏制氣候變化不僅需要開發清潔能源，同樣也需要我們改變消費模式和推動人們接納稅收。）【常見義】n [C] 植物、灌木的）莖，干 v [I]起源于

stop /stCp/ n [C] 標點符號；（尤指）句號： full stop（句號）We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops;, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs.[2000 Passage 3]（我們必須使用大量的基本詞匯，而不 受標點符號、修飾性形容詞及限定動詞的約束。）【常見義】 v [I, T]（使）停止，中止

strength /streNW/ n [C, U] 優點；長處： His strength was his obsessive single-mindedness.（他的長處是非常專心。）At first glance this might seem like a strength that grants the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by external factors.[2013 Section I]（乍一看，這似乎是一種優點，它使人們能夠排除外部因素的影響，從而做出公正的判斷。）【常見義】n [U]力量；力氣

stress /stres/ v [T] 著重于；強調：He stressed the point very strongly that all these services cost money.（他重強調所有這些服務都是要花錢的。）While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.[2000 Passage 4]（雖然日本的教育因強調基礎知識而經常受到外國人的贊揚，但是它往往強調考試和機械的學習而忽視了創造力和自我表達。）Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy;stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government;and encourages the use of new digital technologies.[2014 Text 4]（因為代議制政府預先提出全民要接受教育，所以這份報告提倡全面提高國民的素質，強調學習歷史和政體，尤其是美國歷史和美國政體，鼓勵使用新的數字技術。）【常見義】n [C, U]壓力

stretch /stretF/ n [C]一段時間：a four-hour stretch（連續四小時）At the same time, listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats for long stretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing other endeavors.[2007 Part B]（同時，長時間用耳機聽單調的節奏會讓孩子沉浸在自己的幻想里，而不致力于其他追求。）【常見義】v [I]伸展

stripe /straIp/ n [C] 種類；類型： Politicians of all stripes complained about the plan.（形形色色的政客都抱怨這項計劃。）Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well.[2007 Text 3]（學者、決策者以及形形色色的評論家都討論了這種變化的社會影響，但是很少有人看到其副作用：家庭所面臨的風險也隨之提高。）【常見義】n [C]條紋；長條

subject /5sQbdVIkt/ n [C]實驗對象，受治療者：The experiment involved 12 subjects.（這項實驗用了十二個研究對象。）The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted on 1932 unique subjects which compared pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers.[2015 Section I]（這項研究在基因組范圍內分析了 1,932 個獨特的受試，將成對的沒有親屬關系的朋友與沒有親屬關系的陌生人進行了比較。）The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects.[2015 Section I]（同時，研究小組通過對數據進行檢驗來核查受試的血統。）/sEb5dVekt/ v [T] 使臣服或順從：Ancient Rome subjected most of Europe to its rule.（古羅馬帝國征服了歐洲大部分。）Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.[2003 Part B]（而且，人類有能力改變自己的生存環境，從而使所有其他生命形態服從于人類自己獨特的想法和想象。）At the very least, the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary.[2010 Section I]（但最起碼，法院應遵守適用于其他聯邦司法系統的行為準則。）/sEb5dVekt/ v [T] 使使經歷或遭受某事物：She was repeatedly subjected to torture.（她不斷地受到折磨。）His argument is that the unusual history of these people has subjected them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this paradoxical state of affairs.[2008 Section I]（他認為，這些人不同尋常的歷史使他們遭受了罕見的進化壓力，正是這種壓力導致了這種矛盾狀態的產生。）After several decades, the same data were subjected to econometric analysis.[2010 Section I]（幾十年之后，研究人員對這些照明實驗的數據結果進行了計量經濟學分析。）/5sQbdVIkt/ adj 易于??的；傾向于??的：Are you subject to colds?（你常患感冒嗎?）All theories, however, are tentative and are subject to criticism.[2004 Section II]（然而，所有理論都只是試探性的，易遭到批判。）/5sQbdVIkt/ adj 服從的；支配的：We are subject to the law of the land.（我們須遵守當地的法律。）In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.[2009 Text 2]（此外，檢測公司用以判定血緣關系的計算機程序可能申請了專利保護，不必受同行的評審或外界的評估。）In 2006, the state went a step further, requiring that any extension of the plant?s license be subject to Vermont legislature?s approval.[2010 Text 2]（2006 年該州進一步提出要求，任何核電站的許可證的延期都要獲得佛蒙特立法機關的批準。）【常見義】 n [C]學科；主題

suggest /sE5dVest/ v [T] 表明；暗示；意味著：But particularly when viewed against America?s turbulent past, today's social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.[2006 Text 1]（但如今的社會幾乎沒有顯示出社會環境黑暗和每況愈下的跡象，尤其是當與美國動蕩的過去相比時更是如此。）This suggests that dimmer bulbs burn longer, that there is an advantage in not being too bright.[2009 Section I]（這表明暗淡的燈泡[笨腦瓜]更耐用，不夠十 分明亮[聰明]也有好處。）【常見義】v [T]提議；建議

supplement /5sQplImEnt/ n [C]（報紙、雜志等的）增刊： the Sunday color supplements（周日彩色增刊）For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” [2007 Text 2] 過去幾年，周日報紙增刊《游行》開辟了一個專欄叫“問問瑪麗蓮”。【常見義】n [C]補充

surface /5s:fIs/ v [I] 引起注意；公開化： The argument first surfaced two years ago.（這場爭論最初在兩年前就引起了人們的注意。）The conflict has been surfacing since 2002, when the corporation bought Vermont?s only nuclear power plant, an aging reactor in Vernon.[2012 Text 2]（安特吉公司與佛蒙特州政府之間的沖突早在 2002 年就引起了人們的注意，當時該公司購買了佛蒙特州唯一的一座核電站，一個位于弗農市的陳舊的核反應堆。）【常見義】n [C]（物體的）表面

sweep /swi:p/ v [I, T] 迅速蔓延；風行： Youngsters are risking their lives in a dangerous craze which is sweeping the country.（青少年正在一陣席卷全國的危險時尚中拿自己的生命冒險。）Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market.[2000 Passage 1]（外國制造的汽車和紡織品也大舉涌入美國國內市場。）The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might.[2001 Passage 4]（這股浪潮從異常活躍的美國席卷到歐洲，并以無與倫比的威力波及到新興國家。）【常見義】v [T]打掃；清理

swell /swell/ v [I, T] 增加；增長： Total employment swelled by almost 50%.（就業總人數增加了差不多 50%。）According to the World Social Science Report 2010, the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.[2013 Part B]（根據《2010 年世界社會科學報告》，自 2000 年以來，全球社會科學專業的學生數量每年以大約 11%的速度增長。）【常見義】v [I]腫脹；膨脹

sympathy /5sImpEWI/ n [U]（感情上的）支持，贊同： I?m sure she will be in sympathy with your proposal.（我確信她一定贊成你的建議。）Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.[2002 Text 1]（你的幽默必須與聽眾相關，而且有助于表明你是他們中的一員，或者表明你了解他們的處境并且贊同他們的觀點。）【常見義】n [U]同情

systematic /7sIstE5mAtIk/ adj 有預謀的；蓄意的： a systematic attempt to ruin his reputation（蓄謀破壞他的名譽）“Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes“systematic patient abuse.” [2002 Text 4]（“許多醫生似乎對病人遭受不必要的、可以預見的痛苦漠不關心”，其嚴重程度已經構成“蓄意虐待病人”。）【常見義】adj 有系統的；系統化的

tap /tAp/ v [T] 開發（資源）： These magazines have tapped into a target market of consumers.（這些雜志已經開發了消費者目標市場。）For example, they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers;they may alter the structure of education, or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or tap resources hitherto unexploited;or they may co-operate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science, economics and industry.[2000 Section IV]（例如，他們可以鼓勵不同形式的研究，包括建立他們自己的研究中心。他們可以改變教育結構；或是通過干預減少自然資源的浪費，開發迄今尚未開發的資源；政府也可以直接在科學、經濟及工業領域廣泛開展國際合作項目。）【常見義】v [T] 輕拍 n [C]輕拍；龍頭

tell /tel/ v [I] 產生影響（尤指有害的影響）： These late nights are really beginning to tell on him.（這些天的熬夜真的開始讓他吃不消了。）Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes（travels to and from work）and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell.[2000 Passage 4]（城市里的日本人長期忍受著漫長的通勤（上下班往返路程）和擁擠不堪的居住條件，隨著舊的群體觀念和家庭觀念的削弱，生活的不如意開始產生影響。）【常見義】 v [I, T]告訴；講述

temper /5tempE(r)/ v [T] 緩和；調劑： Their idealism is tempered with realism.（他們的理想主義因現實主義有所沖淡。）From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending.[2004 Text 3]（由于消費者們削減開支，從汽車經銷商到蓋普商店，銷售額幾個月來一直在下滑。）Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was unprepared for self-rule and democracy.[2007 Section I]（平等主義的情緒常常因擔心大眾尚未為自治與民主做好準備而有所緩和。）【常見義】n [C]脾氣；性情

term /t:m/ n [C] 專門名詞；名稱；術語：“The nick” is a slang term for “prison”.（the nick 一詞是俚語, 意為“班房”。）Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate.[2004 Part B]（后來，這一觀點成為了著名的薩皮爾沃爾夫假說，但這個術語有點不恰當。）The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be.[2007 Text 2]（雖然人們已經不像以前那樣頻繁地使用智商測試了，但是智商分數似乎仍然是定義人類智力的術語。）【常見義】n [C]（學校的）學期；期限

thumb /WQm/ v [T]翻閱，翻查： I?ve thumbed my address book and found quite a range of smaller hotels.（我翻看我的通訊錄，發現里面記了一長串的小旅館。）It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories.[2004 Text 2]（人們早就知道，顧客翻查電話號碼簿的時候，與名為 Zodiac 的出租車公司相比，名為 AAAA 的出租車公司占有很大的優勢。）【常見義】n [C] 拇指

traffic /5sAkrIfaIs/ n [U]（通訊系統的）通信（量），信息流量： Internet traffic（互聯網上的信息流量）“On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.[2004 Text 1]（CareerSite 市場部副總裁賽思·皮茨說：“我們發送這些信息的第二天網站訪問量就急劇增長。”）We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.[2011 Text 3]（我們將這種售出媒介定義為流量巨大、可以吸引其他機構前來投放內容或電子商務引擎的自有媒介。）【常見義】n [U]往來于街道的車輛；交通

treat /tri:t/ v [T]（以食物或娛樂等）款待某人或使自己獲得享受：We were treated to the unusual sight of the Prime Minister singing on TV.（我們有幸目睹首相上電視一展歌喉的難得場面。）Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply.[2000 Passage 5]（相反，我們目睹了大量極為虛偽的現象，現在這些現象似乎比以往任何時候都要多。）v [T]把某事物看作；視某事物為：I decided to treat his remark as a joke.（我決定把他的話當作玩笑話。）Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas — such as free markets or self-reliance —as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.[2014 Text 4]（如今，教授們通常把對歷史的革新性解讀和主張改革的公共政策作為正確的研究課題，而認為保守或古典的自由主義思想[比如自由市場和自力更生]已經超出常規，有時甚至超出了正當的學術研究的范圍。）【常見義】v [T]對待；醫治

trust /trQst/ n [C] 壟斷企業；托拉斯（為減少競爭、壟斷價格等而成立的企業聯合組織）： anti-trust laws（反托拉斯法）Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil trust was broken up.[2001 Passage 4]（將近一個世紀前，美國標準石油托拉斯被迫解體。人們因此擔心競爭會受到威脅。不過很難想象，今天幾家石油公司的合并會對競爭構成同樣的威脅。）【常見義】n [U]相信 v [T] 相信

twist /twIst/ n [C] 歪曲；曲解： His political opponent gave a twist to everything he said.（他的政敵對他所有的話都加以歪曲。）A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don?t succeed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation.[2002 Text 1]（可以故意歪曲一下大家熟知的話，比如說“如果一開始不成功，那就放棄好了”，或者玩文字游戲，或就一個情景開玩笑。）【常見義】v [T]繞；卷

underline /7QndE5laIn/ v [T] 突出；強調： The improvement in retail sales was underlined by these figures.（這些數字突出了零售量的增加。）This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.[2005 Part C]（僅這一點就足以表明，在電視行業生存下來并非易事，統計數字也突顯了這一事實，統計表明，1989 年在 80 家歐洲電視網中，多達一半出現了虧損。）【常見義】 v [T]在（詞等）下面畫線

uniform /5ju:nIfR:m/ adj 統一的；一致的：Cut down between the bones so that all the chops are of uniform size.（在骨頭之間砍削，使所有的排骨大小一致。）The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.[2013 Text 4]（憲法認為只有華盛頓才有權力“建立一個統一的歸化入籍條例”，而且聯邦法律高于州法律，這些憲法的原則是無可爭議的。）【常見義】n [C, U]制服

universes /5ju:nIv:s/ n [C] 領域： In this book, Newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion, which dominated the scientific view of the physical universe for the next three centuries.（在這本書里，牛頓闡述了萬有引力和力學三大定律，接下來的三個世紀，這些理論在物理科學領域占據主導地位。）It is becoming less clear, however, that such a theory would be a simplification, given the dimensions and universes that it might entail.[2012 Part C]（然而，考慮到它可能會涉及的范圍和領域，人們越來越不確定這樣的理論會是一種簡化的規則。）【常見義】n [S]宇宙；世界

upset /9Qp5set/ v [T] 打亂；擾亂：The dam will upset the ecological balance.（大壩會擾亂生態平衡。）They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have no need to cultivate political support.[2012 Section I]（法官被授予終身職位，這樣他們可以無所顧慮地去觸碰當權者，同時無需尋求政治支持。）If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on advertising, it has chosen an indirect method: There is no guarantee that DNT by default will become the norm.[2013 Text 2] ③如果它在企圖挑戰幾乎完全依賴廣告業務運營的谷歌的話，那么它的方法并不直接：沒有人能保證將 DNT 設為默認會成為業內規范。【常見義】adj 心煩的；苦惱的

value /5vAlju/ v [T] 尊重；重視： She had come to value her privacy and independence.（她開始重視自己的隱私和獨立地位。）The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything.[2007 Section I]（獨立運動早期領袖的理想通常是平等主義，即強調一切事物的平等。）【常見義】n [C, U]價值

weather /5weTE(r)/ v [T]平安渡過；經受住： weather a crisis（平安渡過危機）This“added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times.[2007 Text 3]（這種“附加勞動力效應”會增強由失業保險或傷殘保險組成的安全保障，幫助家庭渡過難關。）【常見義】n [U]天氣；氣象

weigh /weI/ v [T] 權衡；斟酌：We weighed the cost of advertising against the likely gains from increased business.（我們權衡了廣告成本和業務增加可能帶來的收益。）“Benefits”have been weighed against “harmful” outcomes.[2002 Section II]（人們把它帶來的益處和產生的弊端進行了權衡。）【常見義】v [T]稱某物的重量

will /wIl/ n [C] 遺囑： Have you made your will?（你立遺囑了嗎？）Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.[2008 Text 4]（華盛頓看到黑人士兵在美國獨立戰爭中的英勇表現后，開始相信人人生而平等，于是不顧親人的強烈反對，在遺囑中給了奴隸們自由。）【常見義】v [aux]將會；可能

yield /ji:ld/ v [I]屈服；讓步：The government has not yielded to public opinion.（政府并未向輿論讓步。）Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride.[2000 Passage 1]（盲目自大取代了自我懷疑。）n [C, U] 產量：What is the yield per acre?（每英畝的產量是多少?）That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels.[2006 Text 3]（而發現這些變化很重要，因為理論表明一個漁場只有在目標捕撈物種的生物量保持在原始基數的50%左右時，才能獲得最大可持續捕撈量。）【常見義】v [T]生產

第三篇：新東方考研熟詞僻義核心詞匯總結

新東方考研熟詞僻義核心詞匯總結 academic a.①學校的，學院的；②學術的；n.學者，大學教師

【真題例句】 If the preoccupation of schools with academic(a.①)work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values.[1995年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 如果學校對學業的強調減少一些，也許就有更多的時間教孩子更重要的價值觀念。

【真題例句】 Mr.McWhorter?s academic(a.②)speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.[2005年閱讀4]

例句精譯】 麥克沃特先生的學術專長在于語言史和語言變化，舉例來說，他認為“whom”一詞的逐漸消失是很自然的，并不比舊式英語中詞格的消失更讓人惋惜。

【真題例句】 Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic(n.)and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “reengineering” has been crude.[1998年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 哈佛學者倫納德·施萊辛格是一家迅速擴張的美ζ面包店的前總裁，他說，許多“企業重組”都不成熟。accommodate ①留宿，收容；②供應，供給；③使適應；使符合

【真題例句】 And they also need to give serious(21：thought)to how they can be best(22：accommodate)(③)such changes.[2003年完形] 【例句精譯】 他們也應該認真考慮青少年是如何適應這些變化的。

3.acknowledge v.①承認，認為；②致謝；③確認

【真題例句】 Dr.Worm acknowledges(①)that these figures are conservative, one reason for this is that fishing technology has improved.[2006年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 Worm博士承認這些數據還是保守的，一個原因就是捕漁技術已經改進了很多。

4.act v.①行動，做事；②（on）起作用；③表演；④（for）代表，代替；n.①行為，動作；②

（一）幕；③法令，條例

【真題例句】 Governments throughout the world act(v.②)on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community.[2000年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 世界各國的政府都基于一種觀點行政，即人民的福利在很大程度上取決于本國的經濟實力和國家的財富。

【真題例句】 The paid manager acting(v.④)for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar 1 personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 代表公司進行管理的領薪經理們與工人和工人的需求形成更加直接的關系，但甚至他們也很少像正在被淘汰的舊式家族企業的家長制中的雇主那樣熟悉和了解工人的情況。

【真題例句】 Some , however , are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act(n.①)to alter the growth pattern of different areas.[1996年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 然而，不同的發展過程中，有些不怎？合理——在這些發展過程中，一些權威人士對科學研究應該采取的方式有偏見，從而改變了不同科學領域的發展模式。

【真題例句】 The commercial TV channels — ITV and Channel 4 — were required by the Thatcher Government?s Broadcasting Act(n.③)to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs.[1996年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 按撒切爾政府廣播法的要求，商業電視頻道——第一和第四頻道——正在進行商業化，彼此競爭廣告業務，降低成本，裁減員工。

5.address n.地址，通訊處，致詞；v.①致函，寫姓名地址；②向……講話；③處理 【真題例句】 Depending on whom you are addressing(v.②), the problems will be different.[2002年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 針對不同的聽眾，要談的問題也應該不同。6.aggressive

a.①侵略的，好斗的；②大膽的，積極的

【真題例句】 Now it is a social policy, the most important and aggressive(②)promoter of gambling in America is the government.[2006年新題型]

【例句精譯】 現在這是一種社會政策，賭博業最重要的和最激進的支持者是美國政府。anchor n.①ê；②新聞節目主持人；v.拋ê，停泊

【真題例句】 Fast-food eaters, news anchors(n.②), text messengers, all smiling, smiling.[2006年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 快餐食客、新聞主播、發短信的人，都在微笑、微笑。

【真題例句】 Hot spots, anchored(v.)in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the question.[1998年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 λ于地殼深處的熱點提供了解決該問題的測量依據。8 Appreciate v.①感謝，感激；②正確評價，欣賞，賞識

【真題例句】 66.The change in Japanese Life-style is revealed in the fact that_____.[2000年閱讀4]

【真題例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will 2 improve only when there are(17：comprehensive)programs that address(v.③)the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形]

【例句精譯】 《波士頓環球日報》記者克里斯？雷迪認為只有通過全面規劃來解決這些無家可歸者的各種需求，這種局面才有可能得到改善。[D] the Japanese appreciate(②)their present life

【例句精譯】 66、_____事實顯示：日本人的生活方式發生了改變。[D] 日本人欣賞現有的生活

9apprehensive a.①有理解力的；②憂慮的，擔心的

【真題例句】 52.What is many captive shippers? attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?[2003年閱讀3] [D] Apprehensive(②).【例句精譯】

52、許多受控制的托運人對鐵·部門的合并是什？態度？ [D] 擔心，害怕 Argue v.①爭論，辯論；②認為，主張，論證；③說服

【真題例句】 The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing(①)about the rights of animals is fruitless.[1997年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 關鍵問題是：如果對人的權利？有共同認識，那？討論動物的權利就是毫無結果的。

【真題例句】 He is not arguing(②), as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.[2005年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 不像其他大多數人，麥克沃特先生并不認為我們說話方式不規范就不能使我們直接思考。

11Attach v.①（to）縛上，系上，貼上；②使依附，使隸屬，使依戀；③附加，附帶；④把～放在

【真題例句】 A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached(①)to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.[1998年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 1996年對新聞報道的調查表明，反科學的標簽也貼在了許多其他群體身上，這些人包括從提倡消滅所有現存的天花病毒的官方人士到倡議削減基礎研究基金的共和黨人。

【真題例句】 They(particularly Quebec and Alberta)just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached(③).[2005年新題型]

【例句精譯】 這些官員（尤其是魁北克省和阿伯塔省）只希望政府當局額外出錢，如有可能，還會附帶條件。【真題例句】 The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached(④)great importance to, and derived great benefit from, 3 craft information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments.[1994年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 推崇技術的現代學派認為，像伽利略、牛頓、麥克斯Τ、愛因斯坦這樣的大師以及像愛迪生這樣的發明家都非常重視科學實驗中使用的不同技術信息和技術設施，并從中受益頗深。

12contend v.①競爭，斗爭；②堅決主張，聲稱，認為

【真題例句】 It is the playgoers, the RSC contends(②), who bring in much of the town?s revenue because they spend the night(some of them four or five nights)pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.[2006年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 皇家莎士比亞公司（RSC）聲稱是看戲的人給小鎮帶來了大部分收入，因為他們整個晚上（有時甚至是四、五個晚上）都把錢花到旅館和飯店上。

13Cook n.炊事員，廚師；v.①烹調，煮，燒；②α造

【真題例句】 If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook(n.①)14beam ①（橫）梁，桁條；②（光線的）束，柱；v.①微笑；②發光

【真題例句】 Our magazines feature beaming(v.①)celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.[2006年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 我們的雜志突出刊登滿面春風的名人和美滿幸福的家庭。

15cement

n.①水泥；②膠泥，膠接劑；v.①膠合；②鞏固，加強

【真題例句】 Egypt?s leadership in the Arab world was cemented(v.②)by the Aswan High Dam.[1998年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 埃及在阿拉伯世界的領導地λ因阿斯旺大壩而得以鞏固。16Chair n.①椅子；②主席（職λ）；vt.主持，擔任

【真題例句】 “It?s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair(n.②)of psychology at Chicago?s Medical Center,“If you don?t like it, change it.”[2005年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 芝加哥醫療中心心理部主任Rosalind Cartwright指出“這是你的夢，你不喜歡它，你可以改變它”。

【真題例句】 Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment — although no one had proposed to do so — and asked an independent panel of experts chaired(vt.)by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.[1999年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 他宣稱反對利用這種非同尋常的畜牧學技術去克？人，并下令禁止使用聯邦資金做這樣的實驗——盡管還？有人提出那樣的要求——并責令成立一個由 4 普林斯頓大學校長哈羅德？夏皮羅為首的獨立專家小組，在90天內拿出有關克？人的國策建議，向白宮匯報。

17climate

n.①氣候；②風氣，社會思潮

【真題例句】 The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates(①).[1998年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 逃離人口過度稠密區的做法改變了以前那種離開寒冷地帶去氣候宜人之地的趨勢。

【真題例句】 When the work is well done, a(43：climate)(②)of accident-free operations is established(44：where)time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.[1999年完形]

【例句精譯】 如果此項工作做得好的話，就會形成無事故作業的好風氣，因此那兒的因工傷事故所造成的時間損失就會被控制在最低限度。

18Code n.①代碼，代號，密碼；②法典，法規，規劃

【真題例句】 Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code(①)during World War II to send secret messages.[2004年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 美洲的土著語言是如此地“與眾不同”，甚至美軍在第二次世界大戰中用土著語言Navajo發送密碼。

【真題例句】(49)But his primary task is not to think about the moral code(②), which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.[2006年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(49)但是，普通科學家的主要任務并非思考指導其行為的道德規范，正如我們并不指望商人把精力投入到商業行為的探索一樣。

19column

n.①圓柱，柱狀物；②列；③（報刊中的）專欄

【真題例句】 “The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column(③), “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be.”[1997年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 他在《華爾街日報》一篇專欄文章中寫道：“對任何一個民主社會的檢驗標準不在于它能多有效地壓制各種情感的表達，而在于是否給予了人們思考和表達的最廣泛的自由，盡管有時這種結果會引起爭論和憤怒。”

【真題例句】 Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties---he is not supposed to cook(n.②)his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports.[2006年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 像其他人類一樣，普通科學家甚至在？天日常的工作中都遭遇到了道義上的問題——他不應該α造他的實驗、制造證據或改動他的報告。20 Coverage n.①新聞報導（范Φ）；②保險項目

【真題例句】 With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation?s news coverage(①), as well as listen to it.[1996年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 隨著BBC（英國廣播公司）全世界電視節目的開播，亞洲和美洲的數以百萬計的人不僅可以聽到它的新聞廣播，而且也能看到它的電視新聞報道了。21Crack n.①裂紋，縫隙；②破裂聲；v.①（使）開裂；②解決；③（get ～ing）開始

【真題例句】 As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures(cracks)(n.①);in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean.[1998年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 隨著這個圓頂的增大，板塊出現深深的裂縫。至少有幾次，大？可能會沿著其中的一些裂縫完全裂開，因此這個熱點就引發了一個新的海洋的形成。【真題例句】 Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked(v.①)rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.[1997年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 因此，才會有人將貨幣政策的指導作用比作是駕駛一輛帶有黑色擋風玻璃、破碎的后視鏡及方向盤失靈的破汽車。

【真題例句】 So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking(v.③)about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[2005年新題型]

【例句精譯】 所以，當官員們聚集在尼亞加拉瀑布城像往常一樣不停的抱怨時，他們也應該在自己的權限范Φ內開始做些有利于他們的預算和病人的事情。22craft n.①工藝，手藝，技巧；②飛機，飛船；③行業；v.精工制作

【真題例句】 The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft(n.①)information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments.[1994年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 推崇技術的現代學派認為，像伽利略、牛頓、麥克斯Τ、愛因斯坦這樣的大師以及像愛迪生這樣的發明家都非常重視科學實驗中使用的不同技術信息和技術設施，并從中受益頗深。

【真題例句】 The irony of the historian? s craft(n.③)is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process.[1999年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 具有諷刺意ζ的是，在歷史學領域，歷史學家都知道，他們所做的努力只不過是為一個永無止境的研究過程做一些貢獻罷了。

23deliver v.①交付，遞送；②發表，表達，陳述；③釋放；④接生

【真題例句】 Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver 6(①)a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers? computer monitors.[1999年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 最突出的例子是“定向投影”網絡公司，該公司使用一種屏保系統，將大量最新的信息和廣告不斷地傳送到用戶的計算機顯示器上。

【真題例句】 Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver(②)in a relaxed and unforced manner.[2002年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】（練習幽默）包括一些很隨便的、看上去是即興的話，你可以用輕松的、不做作的方式把它們說出來。24digest

v.消化；n.摘要，文摘

【真題例句】 70.This passage appears to be a digest(n.)of _____.[1996年閱讀5]

[A] a book review

【例句精譯】 70、本文似乎是_____的摘要。[A] 一個書評

25discipline n.①紀律；②學科；③訓練，訓導；④懲罰，處罰；vt.①訓練，訓導；②懲罰，約束

【真題例句】(72)Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline(n.②)and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.[1999年翻譯]

【例句精譯】(72)人們之所以關注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因為史學界內部意見不一，其次是因為外界并不認為歷史是一門學問。

【真題例句】 As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, “With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline(n.③), the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.”[1996年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 正如1853年訪美的一個英國訪問團成員所報道的那樣，“由于有了學校徹底訓練過的頭腦，美國孩子迅速地成為技術熟練的工人。”

【真題例句】 The cruel discipline(n.④)of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other?s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 罷工和封廠的無情懲罰使雙方學會了互相尊重對方的力量，理解公正談判的價值。

26dismiss v.①免職，解雇，開除，解散；②.不理會，不考慮

【真題例句】 He dismisses(②)a lot of the work of reengineering consultants as mere rubbish —“the worst sort of ambulance-chasing.”[1998年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 他對重組顧問們所作的大量工作不屑一顧，然為那些完全是垃圾——“典型的勞而無獲”。

27dock n.船塢，碼頭；v.入塢，停靠碼頭

【真題例句】 He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m , then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m.[2006年新題型]

【例句精譯】 有時他一次玩兩個機器，整夜的玩，直到早上5點關門，然后娛樂場早上9點開門時再回去。

28Doctor n.①博士；②醫生；v.α造，篡改

【真題例句】 “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St.Peter.“Oh, that?s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he?s a doctor(n.②).”[2002年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 “這是誰啊？”新來的人問圣彼得。“哦，那是上帝，”他回答說，“但有時也認為自己是一名醫生。” 【真題例句】 Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties---he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor(v.)his reports.[2006年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 像其他人類一樣，普通科學家甚至在？天日常的工作中都遭遇到了道義上的問題——他不應該α造他的實驗、制造證據或改動他的報告。29 Document n.公文，文獻；vt.記載，證明

【真題例句】 Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr.McWhorter documents(vt.)is unmistakable.[2005年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 麥克沃特先生從上層和下層文化中列舉了一系列有趣的例子，從中我們可以看出他所記？的這種趨勢不可避免。30 draft n.草稿，草案，草圖；v.起草，草擬

【真題例句】 That group — the National Bioethics Advisory Commission(NBAC)— has been working feverishly to put its wisdom on paper, and at a meeting on 17 May, members agreed on a near-final draft(n.)of their recommendations.[1999年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 這個名為“全國生物倫理道德顧問委員會”(NBAC)的小組一直在非常積極的工作，集思廣益，并正在將其意見寫成報告；在5月17日的一次會議上，委員們就幾乎定稿的建議書取得了一致意見。

【真題例句】 “Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities,” says a law professor at Cornell Law School who helped draft(v.)the new guidelines.[1999年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 康奈爾大學法學院一λ參與起草新綱要的教授說，“重要的信息會淹？在細枝末節的汪洋大海之中”。

31Dramatic a.①戲劇的，戲劇性的；②劇烈的，激進的；③顯著的，引人注目的【真題例句】 Yet, dramatic(①)instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive.[1995年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 然而戲劇性地突然遺忘某事可能會帶來適應 8 性方面的問題。

【真題例句】 As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic(②)measures may be ineffective and painful.[2003年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 作為一名醫生，我深知最昂貴和最激進的手段也可能是無效的和痛苦的；

【真題例句】 Straitford?s briefs don?t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic(③)declarations on the chance they might be wrong.[2003年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 Straitford公司的簡報？有華盛頓許多其他公司常常提供的那種閃爍其詞的預報，其他公司這？做是為了避免萬一預報不準備人抓住把柄。

32element n.①元素；②組成部分；③人員，分子

【真題例句】 They are different(46：in that)their elements(①)are arranged differently, and each vitamin(47：performs)one or more specific functions in the body.[1996年完形]

【例句精譯】 它們的不同之處在于？種維生素內部的元素排列不同，并且？種維生素在人體內都有一種或多種特殊作用。

【真題例句】 Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element(②)in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners;and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.[1996年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 對資本與企業的如此大規模的非個人操縱大大地增加了作為一個階級的持股人的數量及其地λ的重要性。這個階層作為國計民生的一部分，不僅從地產和土地所有者的責任中脫離出來，而且幾乎相應地也從企業管理的責任中脫離出來。【真題例句】 The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element(③)and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.[1996年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 通過聘用大量專業人員來適應新時代的技術要求，并防止了效率的降低，而在過去這種低效率曾使得許多舊式家族企業在精力充沛的創業者之后的第二、三代手中破產倒閉。

33engage

v.①（in）從事，？于；②（to）與……訂婚；③聘用；④吸引 【真題例句】 Nevertheless Williams?s suit charged that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling” intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage(①)in conduct against his will” well.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 然而威廉姆斯還是控告娛樂場，明知道他“不可救藥地賭博上癮”還故意“誘惑”他“Υ背他自己的意愿參加賭博”。

【真題例句】 The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging(③)a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.[1996年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 通過聘用大量專業人員來適應新時代的技術要求，并防止了效率的降低，而在過去這種低效率曾使得許多舊式家族企業在精力充沛的創業者之后的第二、三代手中破產倒閉。

【真題例句】 To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage(④)sympathy.[1997年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 對于大多數人來說，看見一個動物在受苦，足以引起他們同情。

34experiment n.試驗；v.（on）做實驗

【真題例句】 Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments(n.)it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments.[1999年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 在實踐中，科學成果的取得依賴于做有準備的實驗，但更依賴于有思想準備的實驗觀察者。

【真題例句】 He experimented(vi.)with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery.[1994年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 他是對抗菌物質進行了長達9年的實驗才有了這項發明。35 Fabricate v.①捏造，編造（謊言，借口等）；②建造，制造

【真題例句】(63)The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating(①)their data.[2004年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(63)這些新近被描述的語言和得到充分研究的歐洲和東南亞地區的語言往往差別顯著，以至于有些學者甚至指責Boas和Sapir編造了材料。

Fair a.①公平的，合理的；②相當的，尚好的；③晴朗的；④金發的；n.集市，交易會，博覽會

【真題例句】 To be fair(a.①), this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American.[1997年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】平心而論，人們對加拿大人也有這樣的評論，因而，應當認為這是北美的普遍現象。

【真題例句】 In the United States, multitudes of premiums for new devices were awarded at country fairs(n.)and at the industrial fairs in major cities.[1996年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 在美國，獎勵新發明的大量獎品在鄉村集市和大城市的工業博覽會上頒發。

fashion n.①流行式樣（或貨品），風尚，風氣；②樣子，方式；vt.形成，制作，塑造

【真題例句】 More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion(n.①), companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another.[1999年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 最近，在網絡已被證明不是一時的時髦之后，公司間便開始（在網上）交易產品和服務。

【真題例句】 His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion(n.②), chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.[1998年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 他的同事邁克·比爾說，太多的企業以機械的方式進行重組，降低了成本卻？有考慮到長遠效益。【真題例句】 If the Administration won?t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning(vt.)conservation measures.[2005年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 假如政府當局？有采取司法行動，議會就應該協助來推廣環保措施。

Feature n.①特征，特色；②（報紙或雜志）特寫；③容ò，面ò；v.給顯著地λ

【真題例句】 The complementary coastlines and certain geological features(n.①)that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined.[1998年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 但互相吻合的海岸線和某些似乎跨越海洋的地質特征表明兩個大？曾經連在一起。

【真題例句】 70.This passage appears to be a digest of _____.[1996年閱讀5] [C] a magazine feature(n.②)

【例句精譯】 70、本文似乎是_____的摘要。[C] 一份雜志特寫

【真題例句】 68.Kitcher?s book is intended to _____.[1996年閱讀5] expose the true features(n.③)of creationists

【例句精譯】 68、肯切爾的書旨在_____。披？所ν科學創世論者的真實面目

【真題例句】 Our magazines feature(v.)beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.[2006年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 我們的雜志突出刊登滿面春風的名人和美滿幸福的家庭。39 Field n.①田，田野；②運動場；③領域，方面；④實地,野外

【真題例句】 The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take the most shots at the goal — and so it goes with innovation in any field(③)of activity.[1994年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 關鍵在于得分最多者正是那些射門次數最多的球員，而任何領域的創 11 新活動都是如此。

【真題例句】 Anthropology is a field-study(④)oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis.[2003年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 人類學是一個以實地研究為方向的學科，該學科在研究中常常大量使用對比分析方法。

figure n.①體形；②數字；③圖形；④人物；v.（out）算出，估計，推測

【真題例句】 In the year 2000, the National Cancer Institute estimates that figure(n.②)will be 75 percent.[1994年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 國家癌癥研究所估計，到2000年存活率將升至75%。

【真題例句】 Americans no longer expect public figures(n.④), whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift.Nor do they aspire to such command themselves.[2005年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 美國人不再期望公眾人物在演講或寫作文章之時可以巧妙地、富有天分地使用英語了，而他們自己本身也不奢望自己能夠做到這一點。41 Finance n.①財政，金融；②資金；v.為……提供資金

【真題例句】 This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank for Television Production which, on the model of the European Investments Bank, will handle the finances(n.②)necessary for production costs.[2005年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 這也要求歐洲國家達成共識，并效仿能解決生產所需資金的歐洲投資銀行的模式，來創立一個歐洲節目制作資源庫。

【真題例句】 The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain?s former colony.They financed(v.)them.Immigrant Americans built them.Guess who owns them now? The Americans.[2001年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 英國人、德國人、荷蘭人和法國人都在這個前英國殖民地投資。他們提供資金，美洲移民建造。想想看，現在誰擁有這一切？美國人。42 firm a.11堅固的，穩固的；12堅決的，堅定的；n.21公司，商號

【真題例句】 It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.【例句精譯】 廣告直接有助于商品以合理的價格銷售，由此建立穩固的國內市場，并使商品能以富有競爭力的價格出口。

【真題例句】 Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers.【例句精譯】 許多舊式公司被有限責任公司所取代，由領薪經理層構成其管理機構。

43horizon n.①地平線；②眼界，見識；③（思想等的）范Φ，限度；④（on the ～）12 即將發生

【真題例句】 According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons(③)of scientific knowledge.[1994年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 新學派科學家們認為，在拓展科學知識的范Φ方面技術是被忽視的力量。

【真題例句】 For many of us, the “cashless society” is not on the horizon(④)— it?s already here.[1994年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 對于我們很多人來說，“無現金的社會”不是即將來臨，而是已經到來。

44host n.①主人；②主持人；③東道主；④（a ～ of）許多；v.①舉行；②主持；③主辦

【真題例句】 In any case, basic computer skills are only complementary to the host(n.④)of real skills that are necessary to becoming any kind of professional.[1999年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 無論如何，基本的計算機技能只是對成為某種專業技術人員所需的各種實際技能的補充。

【真題例句】(71)There will be television chat shows hosted(v.②)by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.[2001年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(71)屆時，將出現由機器人主持的電視訪談節目以及裝有污染監控器的汽車，一旦這些汽車排污超標（Υ規），監控器就會使其停駛。45Immediate a.①立即的，即時的；②直接的，最接近的

【真題例句】 But a decision among projects none of which has immediate(②)utility is more difficult.[1996年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 但是在？有直接效用的項目中做抉擇就難多了。

46import v.進口，輸入；n.①進口，輸入；②[pl.]進口商品，進口物資；③重要性

【真題例句】 On the other hand, oil-importing(v.)emerging economies — to which heavy industry has shifted — have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.[2002年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 另一方面，進口石油的新興國家由于轉向了重工業，消耗能量更大，因此可能會受到石油Σ機的強烈影響。

【真題例句】 The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import(n.①)bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.[2002年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 國際經合組織在最近一期的《經濟展望》中估計，如果油價持續一年維持在22美元左右，與1998年的13美元一桶相比，這也只會使發達國家的石油進口 13 在支出上增加GDP的0.25%～0.5%。這還不到1974年或1980年收入減少部分的1/4。

【真題例句】 The full import(n.③)may take a while to sink in.[1997年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 該法案的重要性可能需要一段時間才能為人們所理解和接受。47 knowledge n.①知識，學識；②知道，了解

【真題例句】 “Being learned in some branch of human knowledge(①)in one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts”, as Emersion would say, “is something else.”[2006年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 正如愛默生說的“在人類知識的一些分支中學習是一回事，在公眾的和勤勉的思想中生存就是另外一回事了。”

【真題例句】 The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge(②)of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good.[1996年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 這種股東不了解他們所持股的公司里工人們的生活、思想和需求。他們對勞資關系也不會產生積極的影響。

48lean v.①傾斜，屈身；②倚，靠，依賴；a.①瘦的，無脂肪的；②精干的，效率高的；③貧瘠的

【真題例句】 They all seem to look alike(though they come from all over)--lean(a.①), pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.[2006年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 他們看起來都一個樣（雖然他們從各個地方而來）——瘦削、率直、專注的臉龐，穿著牛仔褲和便鞋，吃著小圓面包，在劇場外的石板上過夜，以便能買得起20張座票和80張站票，這些票都是為那些睡覺的人準備的，并且在票房第二天上午10點半開始售票時就賣給他們。

【真題例句】 Friedman relies on a lean(a.②)staff of 20 in Austin.[2003年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 弗里德曼在奧斯汀市只有20人的精干職員隊伍。49 lesson n.功課，課程；教訓

【真題例句】 The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful.[1998年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 建造大壩的教訓是：大的δ必總是好的。

50local

a.①地方的，當地的；②局部的

【真題例句】 The townsfolk don?t see it this way and local(①)council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company.[2006年閱 14 讀2]

【例句精譯】 但是市民們不這樣認為并且當地的理事會也不會直接給皇家莎士比亞公司提供補貼。

【真題例句】 Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local(②)studies in the old way.[2001年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 另一方面，業余人員繼續以舊的方式從事局部的研究。

51locate v.①查找；②使……坐落于，λ于

【真題例句】 Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files, and to program computers to locate(①)specific information.[1995年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 計算機技術使人們可以把大量的數據儲存到機器可讀的文件里，還能通過計算機編程找到某一信息。

【真題例句】 65.We can see from the available statistics that _____.[1998年閱讀4]

the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all located(②)in the West 【例句精譯】 65、從得到的統計資料，我們可以看出_____。

人口增長率排名前十λ的州都λ于西部地區

maintain

v.①維修，保養；②維持，保持；③堅持，主張，支持

【真題例句】 Practice(or review)tends to build and maintain(②)memory for a task or for any learned material.[1995年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 實踐（或稱復習）就是建立并保持對某一任務或所學材料的記憶。【真題例句】 George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains(③)that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death.[2002年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 波士頓大學健康法律系主任喬治·安納斯堅持認為，只要醫生是出于合理的醫療目的開藥，那？即使服用此藥會加速病人的死亡，醫生的行為也？有Υ法。

53model

n.①樣式，型；②模范，典型；③模型；④原型，模特；v.（on，after）模仿，構造

【真題例句】 Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models(n.①)that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.[1997年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 一些經濟學家認為，舊的經濟模式是建立在經濟增長和通貨膨脹歷史聯系的基礎上的，而世界結構的巨大改變可能已使這套模式不再適用了。

【真題例句】 What they found, in attempting to model(v.)thought, is that the human brain?s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented — and human perception far more complicated — than previously imagined.[2002年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 在試圖模仿人類思維的過程中，研究人員發現，人類大腦中的近1000億個神經細胞要比以前想像的更聰明，人類的感覺器官也比以前想像的更復雜。54mo(u)ld

n.①模子，鑄型；②ù菌；v.形成，成形

【真題例句】 Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold(n.②)on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then.[1994年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 亞歷山大·弗萊明爵士可不是像傳說中的那樣，看了一眼奶酪上的ù菌就立刻想到了青ù素的發明。【真題例句】 68.The writer?s experiment shows that downshifting _____.[2001年閱讀5] helps her mold(v.)a new philosophy of life

【例句精譯】 68、作者的嘗試表明：放慢生活節奏_____。

幫助她形成了新的人生觀

55Narrow a.狹窄的，狹隘的；v.①限制，限定；②變窄，收縮

【真題例句】 For any job search, you should start with a narrow(a.)concept — what you think you want to do — then broaden it.[2004年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 尋找任何職業，你都要從一個狹窄的概念開始，即你想干什？工作，然后再加以擴展。

【真題例句】 Narrowing(v.①)your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.” says one expert.[2004年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 比如把個人求職要求越具體明確就有可能對你越不利，一λ專家說：“你？回答一次問題你就喪失一次機會。”

【真題例句】 It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed(v.②)as other countries grew richer.[2000年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 隨著其他國家日益強盛，美國從這一優勢地λ逐漸下降是不可避免的。56nature n.①自然界，大自然；②性質，本性，天性

【真題例句】 No other species fills so many places in nature(①).[2000年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 ？有其他物種充斥著自然中如此多的空間。

【真題例句】 The jury agreed that the nature(②)of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete?s injury.[1999年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 陪審團也認為造成該運動員受傷的是這項運動本身的Σ險性，而不是 16 頭盔。

57note n.①筆記，記？；②按語，注釋；③便條，短箋；④鈔票，紙幣；⑤暗示，建議v.①記下，摘下；②表明，認為

【真題例句】 But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes(n.②)that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river — and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff!Pluff!A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”[2000年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 在某首詩中，δ來派詩人用一行文字描寫了一名土耳其軍官和一名保加利亞軍官在橋上發生搏斗的場面，結果雙雙從橋上掉進河中；看了這首詩，有點讓人摸不著頭腦；后來看了注解才發現，詩把他們兩人落水的聲音和體重寫在了一起：“撲通！撲通！185公斤。”

【真題例句】 There is a heavy note(n.⑤)of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.[2000年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 他們的說法有著濃厚的虛α色彩，正如馬從馬廄跑出來后再關上馬廄的門，而受過良好教育的人自己正騎在那些馬背上那樣的虛α。

【真題例句】 “The term ?anti-science? can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes(v.①)Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science, “They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”[1998年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 “?反科學?這個詞可以涵蓋太多截然不同的東西”，哈佛大學的哲學家杰拉爾德·霍爾頓在其1993年的著作《科學和反科學》中寫道：“它們Ω一的共同點就是會激怒或威脅那些自以為更開明的人。”

【真題例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes(v.②)that the situation will improve only when there are(17：comprehensive)programs that address the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形]

【例句精譯】 《波士頓環球日報》記者克里斯？雷迪認為只有通過全面規劃來解決這些無家可歸者的各種需求，這種局面才有可能得到改善。58 Novel n.（長篇）小說；a.新奇的，新穎的

【真題例句】 Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels(n.)later, my experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.[2001年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 奇怪的是，大約兩年半的時間我寫完兩部小說后，我這個被美國人稱為“換低檔”的試驗，卻使我老掉牙的借口變成了現實。

【真題例句】 60.When a novel(a.)literary idea appears, people should try to_____.[2000年閱讀3]

[A] determine its purposes

【例句精譯】 60、當出現新的藝術思潮時，人們應該盡力_____。

[A] 確定其目的

59Objective n.目標，目的；a.客觀的，真實的

【真題例句】 A unity of objectives(n.)that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.[2005年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 也就是說，既能達到我們共同的目的，又能兼顧不同國家各自的特色。【真題例句】 They provide a quick, objective(a.)method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned , the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is.[1995年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 標準化測試提供了快速、客觀地得到某些信息的方法。這些信息是有關一個人所學到的知識，他所獲得的技能，或者是他屬于哪一類型的人。60 oblige v.①強迫；②責成；③（使）感激，施恩于

【真題例句】 Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige(①)television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.[2005年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 另外，歐共體的融合性也會迫使電視傳y集團在節目的制作和流通中，與他人更進一步地合作。【真題例句】(62)We are obliged(③)to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.[2004年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(62)我們之所以感激他們（兩λ先驅），是因為在此之后，這些（土著）語言中有一些已經不復存在了，這是由于說這些語言的部族或是消亡了，或是被同化而喪失了自己的本族語言。

61opening n.①口子，孔；②開始，開端；③空缺，機會；a.開始的，開幕的【真題例句】 Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening(n.③).[2004年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 過了三個星期，他接到第一份有職λ空缺的通知。

【真題例句】 21.In the opening(a.)paragraph, the author introduces his topic by _____.[2005年閱讀1] [C] making a comparison.【例句精譯】

21、在起始段，作者通過_____引入主題。

62outlet

n.①出·，出口；②發泄方法，排遣；③經銷店

【真題例句】 In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T?s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet(②).[1997年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 1992年公司因出品冰特樂隊狂暴的說唱歌曲《警察殺手》而備受譴 責時，列文把它描繪成是街頭文化的合法表達方式，說它應該有自己的宣泄途徑。【真題例句】 From car dealerships to Gap outlets(③), sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending.[2004年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 由于購物者節約他們的支出,從汽車代理商到Gap名牌零售折扣店,數月以來銷售一直滯緩。

63Panel n.①面，板；②控制板，儀表盤；③專門小組

【真題例句】 They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel(②)by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment.[2002年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 他們建造的機器人在嚴格控制的工廠環境里，能夠在儀表盤上識別毫米以下的誤差。

【真題例句】 The panel(③)then informally accepted several general conclusions, although some details have not been settled.[1999年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 隨后，該小組非正式地接受了幾條一般的結論，盡管有些細節尚無定論。

64partial

a.①部分的，不完全的；②偏袒的，不公平的

【真題例句】 In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered, it is also frequently partial(①)or partisan.[1999年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 這樣的研究中所發現的證據總是不完整的，通常也會帶來片面性，還會出現幫派之爭。

【真題例句】 53.The author deems that the well-known TV personality is _____.[1995年閱讀1]

[D] obviously partial(②)in his views on advertising

【例句精譯】

53、作者認為：那λ著名的電視人物_____。[D] 對廣告的評價有明顯的偏見

passage

n.①段落，節；②通過，經過；③通·，走廊

【真題例句】 The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage(②)of the plates.[1998年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 熱點及其火山痕跡是板塊移動的標志。66 pattern

n.①模式，式樣；②圖案，圖樣；v.仿制，模仿

【真題例句】 And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns(n.①).[1997年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 當然，會講一種語言并不意ζ著就理解該語言的社會和文化內涵。

【真題例句】 Implicit within Tylor?s definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned(v.)behavior.[2003年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 泰勒的文化定義蘊含著這一概念，即文化是后天習得的，人類共有的，被模仿的行為。

Pepper n.①胡椒粉，胡椒；②辣椒；vt.連續投（發問等）

【真題例句】 Although no such evidence was preserved, the casino?s marketing department continued to pepper(vt.)him with mailings.And he entered the casino ad used his Fun Card without being detected.[2006年新題型]

【例句精譯】 雖然并？有證據，但是娛樂場的市場部門繼續向他提供郵件。他進入娛樂場并使用他的卡片，并且？有人發覺。

68Perfect a.①完善的，無瑕的；②完全的，十足的；v.使完美，改進

【真題例句】 Such characteristics make them perfect(①)candidates for Dr.Brosnan?s and Dr.de Waal?s study.[2005年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 因為這些特點，它們（猴子）成為了Brosnan和de Waal博士的最佳研究“侯選人”。

【真題例句】 However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible.[2001年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 然而，對地何時能夠進行超光速旅行，何時人類克？技術能夠完善，何時時間旅行成為可能，仍δ作出預測。

69perspective n.①視角；②透視法；③（in ～）正確地

【真題例句】(63)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective(①)brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.[2003年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(63)強調收集第一手資料，加上在分析過去和現在文化形態時采用跨文化視角，使得這一研究成為一門獨特并且非常重要的社會科學。

【真題例句】 Not everyone sees that process in(28：perspective)(③).It is important to do so.[2002年完形] 【例句精譯】 并不是所有人都能正確看待這一進程，雖然了解這一點非常重要。

70Reason n.①理由，原因；②理性，理智；v.①推論，推理；②說服，評理；③討論，辯論

【真題例句】 That?s one reason(n.①)why the idea of a national list hasn?t gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.[2005年新題型]

【例句精譯】 這就是為什？全國性藥品名？還δ出臺的原因，也是藥品價格居高不下的原因。

【真題例句】 And so it does — and all would be well were reason(n.②)the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.[1996年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 的確如此——如果理性是創世紀論和進化論之爭的Ω一標準，一切問 20 題也就迎刃而解了。

【真題例句】 He reasoned(v.①)that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another.[2004年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 他歸因到：因為人們很容易用某一特定的語言形成一些不容混淆的概念，語言的使用者往往會沿著同一條軌跡思考問題。

71Review v.回顧，復習；n.①回顧，復習；②評論

【真題例句】 Practice(or review)(n.①)tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material.[1995年閱讀 72Rocket n.火箭；v.劇增

【真題例句】 The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed(v.)and ticket prices have stayed low.[2006年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 原因當然是雖然成本急劇上升，但票價仍維持在低水平。

73School n.①學校；②（大學里的）學院，系；③學派，流派

【真題例句】 It should be observed, of course, that no school(①), vocational or not, is helped by a confusion over its purpose.[1999年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 當然應該看到的是，不管是職業學校、還是普通學校，混淆計算機教學的目的，都不會受益。

【真題例句】 And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School(②)believes that people will look back on this period as “a golden age of business management in the United States.”[2000年閱讀1]

【例句精譯】 哈佛商學院的威廉？薩爾曼相信人們將來回顧這一時期時，會把它視為“美國企業管理的黃金時代”。

【真題例句】 According to the new school(③)of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge.[1994年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 新學派科學家們認為，在拓展科學知識的范Φ方面技術是被忽視的力量。

74score n.①得分，分數；②二十；v.得（分），記（……的）分數

【真題例句】 Anyone who keeps careful score(n.①)knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.Standardized tests should be considered in this context.[1995年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 任何仔細記分的人都知道，所得到的信息總是不完全的，而且，這些預測總是會有錯誤的。應該根據這種觀點去考察標準化考試。

【真題例句】 Innovation is like soccer;even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score(v.).[1994年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 創新就像踢足球，即使是最出色的球員也會痛失進球機會，其射門被擋出的機會大大多于進球的機會。select [si5lekt] v.選擇，挑選；a.精選的，第一流的

【真題例句】 It does not push or pull, it selects(v.), and this function is difficult to discover and analyze.[2002年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 環境并不具備推動或拉動的作用；它具有選擇的作用，而這一作用難以發現也很難對其進行分析。【真題例句】 In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select(a.)committee, Lord Irvine said he(37：agreed)with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not(38：offer)sufficient control.[2001年完形] 【例句精譯】 在寫給眾議院新聞y體特別委員會Gerald Kaufman主席的信中，Irvine勛爵說，他贊同委員會今年的報告，該報告稱，對自我約束并δ予以足夠的監控。

75shape

n.①形狀，外形；②情況，狀態；③種類；v.成型，塑造

【真題例句】(63)The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping(v.)and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.[2002年翻譯]

【例句精譯】(63)自然選擇在進化中的作用僅在一百多年前才得以闡明，而環境在塑造和保持個體行為時的選擇作用則剛剛開始被認識和研究。

76Sound n.聲音，聲響；v.①發聲，響；②聽起來；a.①健全的，完好的；②正當的，有根據的；③徹底的，充分的

【真題例句】 Instead of describing sounds(n.)we must make up words that imitate them;we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.[2000年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 我們必須造出詞語去模仿聲音，而不應對其進行描述；我們必須在同一張紙上使用不同型號和不同顏色的墨水，任 5]

【例句精譯】 實踐（或稱復習）就是建立并保持對某一任務或所學材料的記憶。【真題例句】 However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be(27：wise)to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,(28：for example), publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews(n.②),(29：displaying)student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.[2003年完形]

【例句精譯】 然而，青少年的生活已經充滿競爭，所以為他們安排贏家多于輸家的各種活動是明智的。例如，出版由學生自己編寫書評的新聞小冊子，展出學生的藝術品和贊助成立讀書俱樂部等等。

77spell v.①拼寫；②導致，招致；n.一段時間

【真題例句】 But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing,” has spelt(v.②)the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music.[2005年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 然而，“做我們自己的事”——這一對事物真實性和個性的崇拜信條，已經給正式的演講、寫作、詩歌和音樂畫上了句號。

【真題例句】 Despite a spell(n.)of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.[2002年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 雖然一開始在20世紀60年代和70年代有過一段樂觀的時期——那時候仿佛晶體管電·和微處理器的發展將使它們在2010年能夠模仿人類大腦的活動——但是最近研究人員已經開始將這個預測延后數十年，甚至數百年。

78stor(e)y n.①描述；②故事；③報道；④謊話；⑤￥層

【真題例句】 If one wanted to become a computer engineer, that is, of course, an entirely different story(②).[1999年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 當然如果想成為一名計算機工程師，事情就完全不同了。

【真題例句】 In other words, there is a conventional story(③)line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.[2001年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 換言之，在y介機構的新聞采編室文化中存在著一套約定俗成的寫作模式，為紛繁復雜的新聞報道提供了一個中心思·和現成的故事編寫框架。

79stress

n.①壓力，應力；②重音；v.強調，著重

【真題例句】 We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress(n.①).[2000年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 如果我們想詮釋現代生活的壓力，就必須加快文學發展的步伐。【真題例句】 While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress(v.)test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.[2000年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 雖然日本的教育因強調基礎知識而經常受到外國人的贊揚，但是它往往強調考試和機械學習，而不重視創造性和自我表現。

80suit

v.①合適，適合；②相配，適應；n.①一套西服；②訴訟

【真題例句】 The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited(①)for expressing joy.[2006年閱讀4]

【例句精譯】 最早的藝術形式，如繪畫和音樂，是最適于表達快樂的。

【真題例句】 David Williamds?s suit(①)should trouble this gambling nation.But don?t bet on it.[2006年新題型]

【例句精譯】 大衛威廉姆斯的起訴或許會在這個賭博民族中引發一些問題，但是也并不能確信。

【真題例句】 Nevertheless Williams?s suit(②)charged that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling” intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will” well.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 然而威廉姆斯還是控告娛樂場，明知道他“不可救藥地賭博上癮”還故意“誘惑”他“Υ背他自己的意愿參加賭博”。81Target n.目標，對象，靶子；vt.以……為目標

【真題例句】 That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target(n.)species is about 50% of its original levels.[2006年閱讀3]

【例句精譯】 這十分重要，因為理論表明在目標魚類單λ數量是原始水平的大約50%的時候，才能保證漁場可收獲的最大可持 意縮短或加長詞語。

【真題例句】 It sounds(v.②)like a useful, ground-clearing way to start.[1997年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 這聽起來像是一個有效的明顯開始做事的方式。

【真題例句】 If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound(a.①).[2005年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 假如我們要保護我們的大氣層，關鍵一點是：新建的電廠必須是環保安全型的。

82spectacle n.①[pl.]眼鏡；②場面，景觀；③奇觀，壯觀

【真題例句】 Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles(②), which now more than ever seem in ample supply:...[2000年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 相反我們目睹了比以前任何時候都多的虛α景觀； 續產出量。

【真題例句】 In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push” information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted(vt.)customers.[1999年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 然而，在去年，軟件公司開發出新的技術使得商家可以把產品信息推到消費者的計算機屏幕上。83thumb n.拇指；v.（～ through）翻閱

【真題例句】 It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb(v.)through their phone directories.Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zo？ Zysman.[2004年閱讀2]

【例句精譯】 人們早已知道在客戶翻查電話簿時，名叫AAAA的出租汽車公司要比Zodiac出租汽車公司有很大的優越性。至于在生活方面Adam Abbott較之Zo？ Zysman的優越性就不那？為人所知了。

第四篇：新東方考研英語常考熟詞僻義單詞

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常考熟詞僻義單詞

本部分共84個單詞 academic a.①學校的，學院的；②學術的；n.學者，大學教師 【真題例句】 If the preoccupation of schools with academic(a.①)work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values.[1995年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 如果學校對學業的強調減少一些，也許就有更多的時間教孩子更重要的價值觀念。【真題例句】 Mr.McWhorter?s academic(a.②)speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.[2005年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 麥克沃特先生的學術專長在于語言史和語言變化，舉例來說，他認為“whom”一詞的逐漸消失是很自然的，并不比舊式英語中詞格的消失更讓人惋惜。【真題例句】 Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic(n.)and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “reengineering” has been crude.[1998年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 哈佛學者倫納德·施萊辛格是一家迅速擴張的美味面包店的前總裁，他說，許多“企業重組”都不成熟。accommodate v.①留宿，收容；②供應，供給；③使適應；使符合 【真題例句】 And they also need to give serious(21：thought)to how they can be best(22：accommodate)(③)such changes.[2003年完形] 【例句精譯】 他們也應該認真考慮青少年是如何適應這些變化的。acknowledge v.①承認，認為；②致謝；③確認 【真題例句】 Dr.Worm acknowledges(①)that these figures are conservative, one reason for this is that fishing technology has improved.[2006年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 Worm博士承認這些數據還是保守的，一個原因就是捕漁技術已經改進了很多。act [Akt] v.①行動，做事；②（on）起作用；③表演；④（for）代表，代替；n.①行為，動作；②

（一）幕；③法令，條例 【真題例句】 Governments throughout the world act(v.②)on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community.[2000年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 世界各國的政府都基于一種觀點行政，即人民的福利在很大程度上取決于本國的經濟實力和國家的財富。【真題例句】 The paid manager acting(v.④)for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 代表公司進行管理的領薪經理們與工人和工人的需求形成更加直接的關系，但甚至他們也很少像正在被淘汰的舊式家族企業的家長制中的雇主那樣熟悉和了解工人的情況。【真題例句】 Some , however , are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act(n.①)to alter the growth pattern of different areas.[1996年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 然而，不同的發展過程中，有些不怎么合理——在這些發展過程中，一些權威人士對科學研究應該采取的方式有偏見，從而改變了不同科學領域的發展模式。【真題例句】 The commercial TV channels — ITV and Channel 4 — were required by the Thatcher Government?s Broadcasting Act(n.③)to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs.[1996年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 按撒切爾政府廣播法的要求，商業電視頻道——第一和第四頻道——正在進行商業化，彼此競爭廣告業務，降低成本，裁減員工。address [E5dres] n.地址，通訊處，致詞；v.①致函，寫姓名地址；②向……講話；③處理 【真題例句】 Depending on whom you are addressing(v.②), the problems will be different.[2002年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 針對不同的聽眾，要談的問題也應該不同。

第 1 頁 《考研英語常考熟詞僻義真題語境記憶》

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aggressive [E5gresiv] a.①侵略的，好斗的；②大膽的，積極的 【真題例句】 Now it is a social policy, the most important and aggressive(②)promoter of gambling in America is the government.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 現在這是一種社會政策，賭博業最重要的和最激進的支持者是美國政府。anchor [5ANkE] n.①錨；②新聞節目主持人；v.拋錨，停泊 【真題例句】 Fast-food eaters, news anchors(n.②), text messengers, all smiling, smiling.[2006年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 快餐食客、新聞主播、發短信的人，都在微笑、微笑。【真題例句】 Hot spots, anchored(v.)in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the question.[1998年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 位于地殼深處的熱點提供了解決該問題的測量依據。appreciate [E5pri:Fieit] v.①感謝，感激；②正確評價，欣賞，賞識 【真題例句】 66.The change in Japanese Life-style is revealed in the fact that_____.[2000年閱讀4] 【真題例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are(17：comprehensive)programs that address(v.③)the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形] 【例句精譯】 《波士頓環球日報》記者克里斯?雷迪認為只有通過全面規劃來解決這些無家可歸者的各種需求，這種局面才有可能得到改善。

[D] the Japanese appreciate(②)their present life 【例句精譯】 66、_____事實顯示：日本人的生活方式發生了改變。

[D] 日本人欣賞現有的生活 apprehensive [7Apri5hensiv] a.①有理解力的；②憂慮的，擔心的 【真題例句】 52.What is many captive shippers? attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?[2003年閱讀3]

[D] Apprehensive(②).【例句精譯】

52、許多受控制的托運人對鐵路部門的合并是什么態度？

[D] 擔心，害怕 argue [5B:gju:] v.①爭論，辯論；②認為，主張，論證；③說服 【真題例句】 The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing(①)about the rights of animals is fruitless.[1997年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 關鍵問題是：如果對人的權利沒有共同認識，那么討論動物的權利就是毫無結果的。【真題例句】 He is not arguing(②), as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.[2005年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 不像其他大多數人，麥克沃特先生并不認為我們說話方式不規范就不能使我們直接思考。attach [E5tAtF] v.①（to）縛上，系上，貼上；②使依附，使隸屬，使依戀；③附加，附帶；④把～放在 【真題例句】 A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached(①)to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.[1998年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 1996年對新聞報道的調查表明，反科學的標簽也貼在了許多其他群體身上，這些人包括從提倡消滅所有現存的天花病毒的官方人士到倡議削減基礎研究基金的共和黨人。【真 題例句】 They(particularly Quebec and Alberta)just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached(③).[2005年新題型] 【例句精譯】 這些官員（尤其是魁北克省和阿伯塔省）只希望政府當局額外出錢，如有可能，還會附帶條件。【真題例句】 The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached(④)great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments.[1994年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 推崇技術的現代學派認為，像伽利略、牛頓、麥克斯韋、愛因斯坦這樣的大師以及像愛迪生這樣的發明家都非常重視科學實驗中使用的不同技術信息和技術設施，并從中受益頗深。

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第 2 頁 《考研英語常考熟詞僻義真題語境記憶》

contend [kEn5tend] v.①競爭，斗爭；②堅決主張，聲稱，認為 【真題例句】 It is the playgoers, the RSC contends(②), who bring in much of the town?s revenue because they spend the night(some of them four or five nights)pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.[2006年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 皇家莎士比亞公司（RSC）聲稱是看戲的人給小鎮帶來了大部分收入，因為他們整個晚上（有時甚至是四、五個晚上）都把錢花到旅館和飯店上。cook [kuk] n.炊事員，廚師；v.①烹調，煮，燒；②偽造 【真題例句】 If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook(n.①)beam [bi:mn.①（橫）梁，桁條；②（光線的）束，柱；v.①微笑；②發光 【真題例句】 Our magazines feature beaming(v.①)celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.[2006年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 我們的雜志突出刊登滿面春風的名人和美滿幸福的家庭。cement [si5ment] n.①水泥；②膠泥，膠接劑；v.①膠合；②鞏固，加強 【真題例句】 Egypt?s leadership in the Arab world was cemented(v.②)by the Aswan High Dam.[1998年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 埃及在阿拉伯世界的領導地位因阿斯旺大壩而得以鞏固。chair [tFZE] n.①椅子；②主席（職位）；vt.主持，擔任 【真題例句】 “It?s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair(n.②)of psychology at Chicago?s Medical Center,“If you don?t like it, change it.”[2005年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 芝加哥醫療中心心理部主任Rosalind Cartwright指出“這是你的夢，你不喜歡它，你可以改變它”。【真題例句】 Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment — although no one had proposed to do so — and asked an independent panel of experts chaired(vt.)by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.[1999年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 他宣稱反對利用這種非同尋常的畜牧學技術去克隆人，并下令禁止使用聯邦資金做這樣的實驗——盡管還沒有人提出那樣的要求——并責令成立一個由普林斯頓大學校長哈羅德?夏皮羅為首的獨立專家小組，在90天內拿出有關克隆人的國策建議，向白宮匯報。climate [5klaimit] n.①氣候；②風氣，社會思潮 【真題例句】 The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates(①).[1998年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 逃離人口過度稠密區的做法改變了以前那種離開寒冷地帶去氣候宜人之地的趨勢。【真題例句】 When the work is well done, a(43：climate)(②)of accident-free operations is established(44：where)time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.[1999年完形] 【例句精譯】 如果此項工作做得好的話，就會形成無事故作業的好風氣，因此那兒的因工傷事故所造成的時間損失就會被控制在最低限度。code [kEudn.①代碼，代號，密碼；②法典，法規，規劃 【真題例句】 Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code(①)during World War II to send secret messages.[2004年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 美洲的土著語言是如此地“與眾不同”，甚至美軍在第二次世界大戰中用土著語言Navajo發送密碼。【真題例句】(49)But his primary task is not to think about the moral code(②), which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.[2006年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(49)但是，普通科學家的主要任務并非思考指導其行為的道德規范，正如我們并不指望商人把精力投入到商業行為的探索一樣。column [5kClEm] n.①圓柱，柱狀物；②列；③（報刊中的）專欄 【真題例句】 “The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column(③), “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be.”[1997年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 他在《華爾街日報》一篇專欄文章中寫道：“對任何一個民主社會的檢驗標準不在于它能多有效地壓制各種情感的表達，而在于是否給予了人們思考和表達的最廣泛的自由，盡管有時這種結果會引起爭論和憤怒。” 第 3 頁 《考研英語常考熟詞僻義真題語境記憶》

first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.[1996年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 假如我們想請朋友吃晚飯，我們就會準備菜譜、寫購物單、決定先做哪道菜等，這樣的籌劃對于舉行任何形式的宴請都是必不可少的。【真題例句】 Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties---he is not supposed to cook(n.②)his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports.[2006年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 像其他人類一樣，普通科學家甚至在每天日常的工作中都遭遇到了道義上的問題——他不應該偽造他的實驗、制造證據或改動他的報告。coverage [5kQvEridV] n.①新聞報導（范圍）；②保險項目 【真題例句】 With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation?s news coverage(①), as well as listen to it.[1996年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 隨著BBC（英國廣播公司）全世界電視節目的開播，亞洲和美洲的數以百萬計的人不僅可以聽到它的新聞廣播，而且也能看到它的電視新聞報道了。crack [krAk] n.①裂紋，縫隙；②破裂聲；v.①（使）開裂；②解決；③（get ～ing）開始 【真題例句】 As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures(cracks)(n.①);in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean.[1998年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 隨著這個圓頂的增大，板塊出現深深的裂縫。至少有幾次，大陸可能會沿著其中的一些裂縫完全裂開，因此這個熱點就引發了一個新的海洋的形成。【真題例句】 Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked(v.①)rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.[1997年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 因此，才會有人將貨幣政策的指導作用比作是駕駛一輛帶有黑色擋風玻璃、破碎的后視鏡及方向盤失靈的破汽車。【真題例句】 So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking(v.③)about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[2005年新題型] 【例句精譯】 所以，當官員們聚集在尼亞加拉瀑布城像往常一樣不停的抱怨時，他們也應該在自己的權限范圍內開始做些有利于他們的預算和病人的事情。craft [krB:ft] n.①工藝，手藝，技巧；②飛機，飛船；③行業；v.精工制作 【真題例句】 The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft(n.①)information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments.[1994年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 推崇技術的現代學派認為，像伽利略、牛頓、麥克斯韋、愛因斯坦這樣的大師以及像愛迪生這樣的發明家都非常重視科學實驗中使用的不同技術信息和技術設施，并從中受益頗深。【真題例句】 The irony of the historian? s craft(n.③)is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process.[1999年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 具有諷刺意味的是，在歷史學領域，歷史學家都知道，他們所做的努力只不過是為一個永無止境的研究過程做一些貢獻罷了。deliver [di5livE] v.①交付，遞送；②發表，表達，陳述；③釋放；④接生 【真題例句】 Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver(①)a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers? computer monitors.[1999年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 最突出的例子是“定向投影”網絡公司，該 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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公司使用一種屏保系統，將大量最新的信息和廣告不斷地傳送到用戶的計算機顯示器上。【真題例句】 Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver(②)in a relaxed and unforced manner.[2002年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】（練習幽默）包括一些很隨便的、看上去是即興的話，你可以用輕松的、不做作的方式把它們說出來。digest [di5dVest] v.消化；n.摘要，文摘 【真題例句】 70.This passage appears to be a digest(n.)of _____.[1996年閱讀5]

[A] a book review 【例句精譯】 70、本文似乎是_____的摘要。

第 4 頁 《考研英語常考熟詞僻義真題語境記憶》

[A] 一個書評 discipline [5disiplin] n.①紀律；②學科；③訓練，訓導；④懲罰，處罰；vt.①訓練，訓導；②懲罰，約束 【真題例句】(72)Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline(n.②)and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.[1999年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(72)人們之所以關注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因為史學界內部意見不一，其次是因為外界并不認為歷史是一門學問。【真題例句】 As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, “With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline(n.③), the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.”[1996年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 正如1853年訪美的一個英國訪問團成員所報道的那樣，“由于有了學校徹底訓練過的頭腦，美國孩子迅速地成為技術熟練的工人。” 【真題例句】 The cruel discipline(n.④)of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other?s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 罷工和封廠的無情懲罰使雙方學會了互相尊重對方的力量，理解公正談判的價值。dismiss [dis5mis] v.①免職，解雇，開除，解散；②.不理會，不考慮 【真題例句】 He dismisses(②)a lot of the work of reengineering consultants as mere rubbish —“the worst sort of ambulance-chasing.”[1998年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 他對重組顧問們所作的大量工作不屑一顧，然為那些完全是垃圾——“典型的勞而無獲”。dock [dCk] n.船塢，碼頭；v.入塢，停靠碼頭 【真題例句】 He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m , then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 有時他一次玩兩個機器，整夜的玩，直到早上5點關門，然后娛樂場早上9點開門時再回去。doctor [5dCktEn.①博士；②醫生；v.偽造，篡改 【真題例句】 “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St.Peter.“Oh, that?s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he?s a doctor(n.②).”[2002年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 “這是誰啊？”新來的人問圣彼得。“哦，那是上帝，”他回答說，“但有時也認為自己是一名醫生。” 【真題例句】 Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties---he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor(v.)his reports.[2006年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 像其他人類一樣，普通科學家甚至在每天日常的工作中都遭遇到了道義上的問題——他不應該偽造他的實驗、制造證據或改動他的報告。document [5dCkjumEnt] n.公文，文獻；vt.記載，證明 【真題例句】 Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr.McWhorter documents(vt.)is unmistakable.[2005年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 麥克沃特先生從上層和下層文化中列舉了一系列有趣的例子，從中我們可以看出他所記錄的這種趨勢不可避免。draft [drB:ft] n.草稿，草案，草圖；v.起草，草擬 【真題例句】 That group — the National Bioethics Advisory Commission(NBAC)— has been working feverishly to put its wisdom on paper, and at a meeting on 17 May, members agreed on a near-final draft(n.)of their recommendations.[1999年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 這個名為“全國生物倫理道德顧問委員會”(NBAC)的小組一直在非常積極的工作，集 5 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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思廣益，并正在將其意見寫成報告；在5月17日的一次會議上，委員們就幾乎定稿的建議書取得了一致意見。【真題例句】 “Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities,” says a law professor at Cornell Law School who helped draft(v.)the new guidelines.[1999年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 康奈爾大學法學院一位參與起草新綱要的教授說，“重要的信息會淹沒在細枝末節的汪洋大海之中”。dramatic [drE5mAtik] a.①戲劇的，戲劇性的；②劇烈的，激進的；③顯著的，引人注目的 【真題例句】 Yet, dramatic(①)instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive.[1995年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 然而戲劇性地突然遺忘某事可能會帶來適應性方面的問題。【真題例句】 As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic(②)measures may be ineffective and painful.[2003年閱讀 第 5 頁 《考研英語常考熟詞僻義真題語境記憶》

4] 【例句精譯】 作為一名醫生，我深知最昂貴和最激進的手段也可能是無效的和痛苦的； 【真題例句】 Straitford?s briefs don?t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic(③)declarations on the chance they might be wrong.[2003年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 Straitford公司的簡報沒有華盛頓許多其他公司常常提供的那種閃爍其詞的預報，其他公司這么做是為了避免萬一預報不準備人抓住把柄。element [5elimEntn.①元素；②組成部分；③人員，分子 【真題例句】 They are different(46：in that)their elements(①)are arranged differently, and each vitamin(47：performs)one or more specific functions in the body.[1996年完形] 【例句精譯】 它們的不同之處在于每種維生素內部的元素排列不同，并且每種維生素在人體內都有一種或多種特殊作用。【真題例句】 Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element(②)in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners;and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 對資本與企業的如此大規模的非個人操縱大大地增加了作為一個階級的持股人的數量及其地位的重要性。這個階層作為國計民生的一部分，不僅從地產和土地所有者的責任中脫離出來，而且幾乎相應地也從企業管理的責任中脫離出來。【真題例句】 The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element(③)and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 通過聘用大量專業人員來適應新時代的技術要求，并防止了效率的降低，而在過去這種低效率曾使得許多舊式家族企業在精力充沛的創業者之后的第二、三代手中破產倒閉。engage [in5geidV] v.①（in）從事，忙于；②（to）與……訂婚；③聘用；④吸引 【真題例句】 Nevertheless Williams?s suit charged that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling” intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage(①)in conduct against his will” well.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 然而威廉姆斯還是控告娛樂場，明知道他“不可救藥地賭博上癮”還故意“誘惑”他“違背他自己的意愿參加賭博”。【真題例句】 The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging(③)a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 通過聘用大量專業人員來適應新時代的技術要求，并防止了效率的降低，而在過去這種低效率曾使得許多舊式家族企業在精力充沛的創業者之后的第二、三代手中破產倒閉。【真題例句】 To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage(④)sympathy.[1997年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 對于大多數人來說，看見一個動物在受苦，足以引起他們同情。experiment [iks5perimEnt] n.試驗；v.（on）6 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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做實驗 【真題例句】 Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments(n.)it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments.[1999年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 在實踐中，科學成果的取得依賴于做有準備的實驗，但更依賴于有思想準備的實驗觀察者。【真題例句】 He experimented(vi.)with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery.[1994年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 他是對抗菌物質進行了長達9年的實驗才有了這項發明。fabricate [5fAbrikeitv.①捏造，編造（謊言，借口等）；②建造，制造 【真題例句】(63)The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating(①)their data.[2004年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(63)這些新近被描述的語言和得到充分研究的歐洲和東南亞地區的語言往往差別顯著，以至于有些學者甚至指責Boas和Sapir編造了材料。fair [fZE] a.①公平的，合理的；②相當的，尚好的；③晴朗的；④金發的；n.集市，交易會，博覽會 【真題例句】 To be fair(a.①), this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American.[1997年閱讀2]

第 6 頁 《考研英語常考熟詞僻義真題語境記憶》

【例句精譯】平心而論，人們對加拿大人也有這樣的評論，因而，應當認為這是北美的普遍現象。【真題例句】 In the United States, multitudes of premiums for new devices were awarded at country fairs(n.)and at the industrial fairs in major cities.[1996年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 在美國，獎勵新發明的大量獎品在鄉村集市和大城市的工業博覽會上頒發。fashion [5fAFEn] n.①流行式樣（或貨品），風尚，風氣；②樣子，方式；vt.形成，制作，塑造 【真題例句】 More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion(n.①), companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another.[1999年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 最近，在網絡已被證明不是一時的時髦之后，公司間便開始（在網上）交易產品和服務。【真題例句】 His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion(n.②), chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.[1998年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 他的同事邁克·比爾說，太多的企業以機械的方式進行重組，降低了成本卻沒有考慮到長遠效益。【真題例句】 If the Administration won?t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning(vt.)conservation measures.[2005年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 假如政府當局沒有采取司法行動，議會就應該協助來推廣環保措施。feature [5fi:tFE] n.①特征，特色；②（報紙或雜志）特寫；③容貌，面貌；v.給顯著地位 【真題例句】 The complementary coastlines and certain geological features(n.①)that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined.[1998年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 但互相吻合的海岸線和某些似乎跨越海洋的地質特征表明兩個大陸曾經連在一起。【真題例句】 70.This passage appears to be a digest of _____.[1996年閱讀5]

[C] a magazine feature(n.②)【例句精譯】 70、本文似乎是_____的摘要。

[C] 一份雜志特寫 【真題例句】 68.Kitcher?s book is intended to _____.[1996年閱讀5] [B] expose the true features(n.③)of creationists 【例句精譯】 68、肯切爾的書旨在_____。[B] 披露所謂科學創世論者的真實面目 【真題例句】 Our magazines feature(v.)beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.[2006年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 我們的雜志突出刊登滿面春風的名人和美滿幸福的家庭。field [fi:ld] n.①田，田野；②運動場；③領域，方面；④實地,野外 【真題例句】 The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take the most shots at the goal — and so it goes with innovation in any field(③)of activity.[1994年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 關鍵在于得分最多者正是那些射門次數最多的 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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球員，而任何領域的創新活動都是如此。【真題例句】 Anthropology is a field-study(④)oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis.[2003年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 人類學是一個以實地研究為方向的學科，該學科在研究中常常大量使用對比分析方法。figure [5figE] n.①體形；②數字；③圖形；④人物；v.（out）算出，估計，推測 【真題例句】 In the year 2000, the National Cancer Institute estimates that figure(n.②)will be 75 percent.[1994年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 國家癌癥研究所估計，到2000年存活率將升至75%。【真題例句】 Americans no longer expect public figures(n.④), whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift.Nor do they aspire to such command themselves.[2005年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 美國人不再期望公眾人物在演講或寫作文章之時可以巧妙地、富有天分地使用英語了，而他們自己本身也不奢望自己能夠做到這一點。finance [fai5nAnsn.①財政，金融；②資金；v.為……提供資金 【真題例句】 This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank for Television Production which, on the model of the European Investments Bank, will handle the finances(n.②)necessary for production costs.[2005年翻譯]

第 7 頁 《考研英語常考熟詞僻義真題語境記憶》

【例句精譯】 這也要求歐洲國家達成共識，并效仿能解決生產所需資金的歐洲投資銀行的模式，來創立一個歐洲節目制作資源庫。【真題例句】 The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain?s former colony.They financed(v.)them.Immigrant Americans built them.Guess who owns them now? The Americans.[2001年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 英國人、德國人、荷蘭人和法國人都在這個前英國殖民地投資。他們提供資金，美洲移民建造。想想看，現在誰擁有這一切？美國人。firm [fE:m] a.11堅固的，穩固的；12堅決的，堅定的；n.21公司，商號

【真題例句】 It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.【例句精譯】 廣告直接有助于商品以合理的價格銷售，由此建立穩固的國內市場，并使商品能以富有競爭力的價格出口。

【真題例句】 Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers.【例句精譯】 許多舊式公司被有限責任公司所取代，由領薪經理層構成其管理機構。horizon [hE5raizn] n.①地平線；②眼界，見識；③（思想等的）范圍，限度；④（on the ～）即將發生 【真題例句】 According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons(③)of scientific knowledge.[1994年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 新學派科學家們認為，在拓展科學知識的范圍方面技術是被忽視的力量。【真題例句】 For many of us, the “cashless society” is not on the horizon(④)— it?s already here.[1994年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 對于我們很多人來說，“無現金的社會”不是即將來臨，而是已經到來。host [hEust] n.①主人；②主持人；③東道主；④（a ～ of）許多；v.①舉行；②主持；③主辦 【真題例句】 In any case, basic computer skills are only complementary to the host(n.④)of real skills that are necessary to becoming any kind of professional.[1999年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 無論如何，基本的計算機技能只是對成為某種專業技術人員所需的各種實際技能的補充。【真題例句】(71)There will be television chat shows hosted(v.②)by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.[2001年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(71)屆時，將出現由機器人主持的電視訪談 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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節目以及裝有污染監控器的汽車，一旦這些汽車排污超標（違規），監控器就會使其停駛。immediate [i5mi:djEt] a.①立即的，即時的；②直接的，最接近的 【真題例句】 But a decision among projects none of which has immediate(②)utility is more difficult.[1996年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 但是在沒有直接效用的項目中做抉擇就難多了。import [im5pC:t,5impC:t] v.進口，輸入；n.①進口，輸入；②[pl.]進口商品，進口物資；③重要性 【真題例句】 On the other hand, oil-importing(v.)emerging economies — to which heavy industry has shifted — have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.[2002年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 另一方面，進口石油的新興國家由于轉向了重工業，消耗能量更大，因此可能會受到石油危機的強烈影響。【真題例句】

The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import(n.①)bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.[2002年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 國際經合組織在最近一期的《經濟展望》中估計，如果油價持續一年維持在22美元左右，與1998年的13美元一桶相比，這也只會使發達國家的石油進口在支出上增加GDP的0.25%～0.5%。這還不到1974年或1980年收入減少部分的1/4。【真題例句】 The full import(n.③)may take a while to sink in.[1997年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 該法案的重要性可能需要一段時間才能為人們所理解和接受。knowledge [5nClidV] n.①知識，學識；②知道，了解 【真題例句】 “Being learned in some branch of human knowledge(①)in one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts”, as Emersion would say, “is something else.”[2006年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 正如愛默生說的“在人類知識的一些分支中學習是一回事，在公眾的和勤勉的思想中生存就是另外一回事了。” 【真題例句】 The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge(②)of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 這種股東不了解他們所持股的公司里工人們的生活、思想和需求。他們對勞資關系也不會產生積極的影響。

lean [li:n] v.①傾斜，屈身；②倚，靠，依賴；a.①瘦的，無脂肪的；②精干的，效率高的；③貧瘠的 【真題例句】 They all seem to look alike(though they come from all over)--lean(a.①), pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.[2006年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 他們看起來都一個樣（雖然他們從各個地方而來）——瘦削、率直、專注的臉龐，穿著牛仔褲和便鞋，吃著小圓面包，在劇場外的石板上過夜，以便能買得起20張座票和80張站票，這些票都是為那些睡覺的人準備的，并且在票房第二天上午10點半開始售票時就賣給他們。【真題例句】 Friedman relies on a lean(a.②)staff of 20 in Austin.[2003年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 弗里德曼在奧斯汀市只有20人的精干職員隊伍。lesson [5lesn] n.功課，課程；教訓 【真題例句】 The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful.[1998年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 建造大壩的教訓是：大的未必總是好的。local [5lEukEl] a.①地方的，當地的；②局部的 【真題例句】 The townsfolk don?t see it this way and local(①)council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company.[2006年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 但是市民們不這樣認為并且當地的理事會也不會直接給皇家莎士比亞公司提供補貼。【真題例句】 Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local(②)studies in the old way.[2001年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 另一方面，業余人員繼續以舊的方式從事局部的研究。locate [lEu5keit] v.① 9 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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查找；②使……坐落于，位于 【真題例句】 Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files, and to program computers to locate(①)specific information.[1995年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 計算機技術使人們可以把大量的數據儲存到機器可讀的文件里，還能通過計算機編程找到某一信息。【真題例句】 65.We can see from the available statistics that _____.[1998年閱讀4]

[B] the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all located(②)in the West 【例句精譯】 65、從得到的統計資料，我們可以看出_____。

[B] 人口增長率排名前十位的州都位于西部地區 maintain [mein5tein] v.①維修，保養；②維持，保持；③堅持，主張，支持 【真題例句】 Practice(or review)tends to build and maintain(②)memory for a task or for any learned material.[1995年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 實踐（或稱復習）就是建立并保持對某一任務或所學材料的記憶。【真題例句】 George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains(③)that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death.[2002年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 波士頓大學健康法律系主任喬治·安納斯堅持認為，只要醫生是出于合理的醫療目的開藥，那么即使服用此藥會加速病人的死亡，醫生的行為也沒有違法。model [5mCdl] n.①樣式，型；②模范，典型；③模型；④原型，模特；v.（on，after）模仿，構造 【真題例句】 Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models(n.①)that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.[1997年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 一些經濟學家認為，舊的經濟模式是建立在經濟增長和通貨膨脹歷史聯系的基礎上的，而世界結構的巨大改變可能已使這套模式不再適用了。【真題例句】 What they found, in attempting to model(v.)thought, is that the human brain?s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented — and human perception far more complicated — than previously imagined.[2002年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 在試圖模仿人類思維的過程中，研究人員發現，人類大腦中的近1000億個神經細胞要比以前想像的更聰明，人類的感覺器官也比以前想像的更復雜。mo(u)ld [mEuld] n.①模子，鑄型；②霉菌；v.形成，成形

【真題例句】 Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold(n.②)on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then.[1994年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 亞歷山大·弗萊明爵士可不是像傳說中的那樣，看了一眼奶酪上的霉菌就立刻想到了青霉素的發明。【真題例句】 68.The writer?s experiment shows that downshifting _____.[2001年閱讀5]

[B] helps her mold(v.)a new philosophy of life 【例句精譯】 68、作者的嘗試表明：放慢生活節奏_____。

[B] 幫助她形成了新的人生觀 narrow [5nArEua.狹窄的，狹隘的；v.①限制，限定；②變窄，收縮 【真題例句】 For any job search, you should start with a narrow(a.)concept — what you think you want to do — then broaden it.[2004年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 尋找任何職業，你都要從一個狹窄的概念開始，即你想干什么工作，然后再加以擴展。【真題例句】 Narrowing(v.①)your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.” says one expert.[2004年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 比如把個人求職要求越具體明確就有可能對你越不利，一位專家說：“你每回答一次問題你就喪失一次機會。” 【真題例句】 It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed(v.②)as other countries grew richer.[2000年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 隨著其他國家日益強盛，美國從這一優勢地位逐漸下降是不可避免的。nature [5neitFE] n.①自然界，大自然；② 10 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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性質，本性，天性 【真題例句】 No other species fills so many places in nature(①).[2000年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 沒有其他物種充斥著自然中如此多的空間。【真題例句】 The jury agreed that the nature(②)of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete?s injury.[1999年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 陪審團也認為造成該運動員受傷的是這項運動本身的危險性，而不是頭盔。note [nEutn.①筆記，記錄；②按語，注釋；③便條，短箋；④鈔票，紙幣；⑤暗示，建議v.①記下，摘下；②表明，認為 【真題例句】 But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes(n.②)that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river — and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff!Pluff!A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”[2000年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 在某首詩中，未來派詩人用一行文字描寫了一名土耳其軍官和一名保加利亞軍官在橋上發生搏斗的場面，結果雙雙從橋上掉進河中；看了這首詩，有點讓人摸不著頭腦；后來看了注解才發現，詩把他們兩人落水的聲音和體重寫在了一起：“撲通！撲通！185公斤。” 【真題例句】 There is a heavy note(n.⑤)of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.[2000年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 他們的說法有著濃厚的虛偽色彩，正如馬從馬廄跑出來后再關上馬廄的門，而受過良好教育的人自己正騎在那些馬背上那樣的虛偽。【真題例句】 “The term ?anti-science? can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes(v.①)Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science, “They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”[1998年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 “?反科學?這個詞可以涵蓋太多截然不同的東西”，哈佛大學的哲學家杰拉爾德·霍爾頓在其1993年的著作《科學和反科學》中寫道：“它們惟一的共同點就是會激怒或威脅那些自以為更開明的人。” 【真題例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes(v.②)that the situation will improve only when there are(17：comprehensive)programs that address the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形] 【例句精譯】 《波士頓環球日報》記者克里斯?雷迪認為只有通過全面規劃來解決這些無家可歸者的各種需求，這種局面才有可能得到改善。novel [5nCvEl] n.（長篇）小說；a.新奇的，新穎的 【真題例句】 Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels(n.)later, my experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.[2001年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 奇怪的是，大約兩年半的時間我寫完兩部小說后，我這個被美國人稱為“換低檔”的試驗，卻使我老掉牙的借口變成了現實。【真題例句】 60.When a novel(a.)literary idea appears, people should try to_____.[2000年閱讀3] [A] determine its purposes 【例句精譯】 60、當出現新的藝術思潮時，人們應該盡力_____。[A] 確定其目的 objective [Eb5dVektiv] n.目標，目的；a.客觀的，真實的 【真題例句】 A unity of objectives(n.)that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.[2005年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 也就是說，既能達到我們共同的目的，又能兼顧不同國家各自的特色。【真題例句】

They provide a quick, objective(a.)method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned , the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is.[1995年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 標準化測試提供了快速、客觀地得到某些信息的方法。這些信息是有關一個人所學到的知識，他所獲得的技能，或者是他屬于哪一類型的人。oblige [E5blaidV] v.①強迫；②責成；③（使）感激，施恩于 【真題例句】 Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige(①)television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.[2005年翻譯] 【例句精 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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譯】 另外，歐共體的融合性也會迫使電視傳媒集團在節目的制作和流通中，與他人更進一步地合作。【真題例句】(62)We are obliged(③)to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.[2004年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(62)我們之所以感激他們（兩位先驅），是因為在此之后，這些（土著）語言中有一些已經不復存在了，這是由于說這些語言的部族或是消亡了，或是被同化而喪失了自己的本族語言。opening [5EupniN] n.①口子，孔；②開始，開端；③空缺，機會；a.開始的，開幕的 【真題例句】 Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening(n.③).[2004年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 過了三個星期，他接到第一份有職位空缺的通知。【真題例句】 21.In the opening(a.)paragraph, the author introduces his topic by _____.[2005年閱讀1]

[C] making a comparison.【例句精譯】

21、在起始段，作者通過_____引入主題。[C] 進行對比 outlet [5autlet] n.①出路，出口；②發泄方法，排遣；③經銷店 【真題例句】 In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T?s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet(②).[1997年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 1992年公司因出品冰特樂隊狂暴的說唱歌曲《警察殺手》而備受譴責時，列文把它描繪成是街頭文化的合法表達方式，說它應該有自己的宣泄途徑。【真題例句】 From car dealerships to Gap outlets(③), sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending.[2004年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 由于購物者節約他們的支出,從汽車代理商到Gap名牌零售折扣店,數月以來銷售一直滯緩。panel [5pAnl] n.①面，板；②控制板，儀表盤；③專門小組 【真題例句】 They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel(②)by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment.[2002年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 他們建造的機器人在嚴格控制的工廠環境里，能夠在儀表盤上識別毫米以下的誤差。【真題例句】 The panel(③)then informally accepted several general conclusions, although some details have not been settled.[1999年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 隨后，該小組非正式地接受了幾條一般的結論，盡管有些細節尚無定論。partial [5pB:FEl] a.①部分的，不完全的；②偏袒的，不公平的 【真題例句】 In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered, it is also frequently partial(①)or partisan.[1999年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 這樣的研究中所發現的證據總是不完整的，通常也會帶來片面性，還會出現幫派之爭。【真題例句】 53.The author deems that the well-known TV personality is _____.[1995年閱讀1]

[D] obviously partial(②)in his views on advertising 【例句精譯】

53、作者認為：那位著名的電視人物_____。

[D] 對廣告的評價有明顯的偏見 passage [5pAsidV] n.①段落，節；②通過，經過；③通路，走廊 【真題例句】 The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage(②)of the plates.[1998年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 熱點及其火山痕跡是板塊移動的標志。pattern [5pAtEn] n.①模式，式樣；②圖案，圖樣；v.仿制，模仿 【真題例句】 And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns(n.①).[1997年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 當然，會講一種語言并不意味著就理解該語言的社會和文化內涵。【真題例句】

Implicit within Tylor?s definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned(v.)behavior.[2003年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 泰勒的文化定義蘊含著這一概念，即文化是后天習得的，人類共有的，被模仿的行為。pepper [5pepE] n.①胡椒粉，胡椒；②辣椒；vt.連續投（發問等）【真題例句】 Although no such evidence was preserved, the casino?s marketing department continued to pepper 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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(vt.)him with mailings.And he entered the casino ad used his Fun Card without being detected.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 雖然并沒有證據，但是娛樂場的市場部門繼續向他提供郵件。他進入娛樂場并使用他的卡片，并且沒有人發覺。perfect [5pE:fikt] a.①完善的，無瑕的；②完全的，十足的；v.使完美，改進 【真題例句】 Such characteristics make them perfect(①)candidates for Dr.Brosnan?s and Dr.de Waal?s study.[2005年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 因為這些特點，它們（猴子）成為了Brosnan和de Waal博士的最佳研究“侯選人”。【真題例句】 However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible.[2001年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 然而，對地何時能夠進行超光速旅行，何時人類克隆技術能夠完善，何時時間旅行成為可能，仍未作出預測。perspective [pE5spektiv] n.①視角；②透視法；③（in ～）正確地 【真題例句】(63)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective(①)brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.[2003年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(63)強調收集第一手資料，加上在分析過去和現在文化形態時采用跨文化視角，使得這一研究成為一門獨特并且非常重要的社會科學。【真題例句】 Not everyone sees that process in(28：perspective)(③).It is important to do so.[2002年完形] 【例句精譯】 并不是所有人都能正確看待這一進程，雖然了解這一點非常重要。reason [5ri:zn] n.①理由，原因；②理性，理智；v.①推論，推理；②說服，評理；③討論，辯論 【真題例句】 That?s one reason(n.①)why the idea of a national list hasn?t gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.[2005年新題型] 【例句精譯】 這就是為什么全國性藥品名錄還未出臺的原因，也是藥品價格居高不下的原因。【真題例句】 And so it does — and all would be well were reason(n.②)the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.[1996年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 的確如此——如果理性是創世紀論和進化論之爭的惟一標準，一切問題也就迎刃而解了。【真題例句】 He reasoned(v.①)that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another.[2004年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 他歸因到：因為人們很容易用某一特定的語言形成一些不容混淆的概念，語言的使用者往往會沿著同一條軌跡思考問題。review [ri5vju:] v.回顧，復習；n.①回顧，復習；②評論 【真題例句】 Practice(or review)(n.①)tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material.[1995年閱讀 ] n.火箭；v.劇增 【真題例句】 The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed(v.)and ticket prices have stayed low.[2006年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 原因當然是雖然成本急劇上升，但票價仍維持在低水平。school [sku:l] n.①學校；②（大學里的）學院，系；③學派，流派 【真題例句】 It should be observed, of course, that no school(①), vocational or not, is helped by a confusion over its purpose.[1999年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 當然應該看到的是，不管是職業學校、還是普通學校，混淆計算機教學的目的，都不會受益。【真題例句】 And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School(②)believes that people will look back on this period as “a golden age of business management in the United States.”[2000年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 哈佛商學院的威廉?薩爾曼相信人們將來回顧這一時期時，會把它視為“美國企業管理的黃金時代”。【真題例句】 According to the new school(③)of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge.[1994年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 新學派科學家們認為，在拓展科學知識的范圍方面技術是被忽視的力量。score [skC:] n.①得分，分數；②二十；v.得（分），記（……的）分數 【真題例句】 Anyone who keeps careful score(n.①)knows that the information available is 13 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.Standardized tests should be considered in this context.[1995年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 任何仔細記分的人都知道，所得到的信息總是不完全的，而且，這些預測總是會有錯誤的。應該根據這種觀點去考察標準化考試。【真題例句】 Innovation is like soccer;even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score(v.).[1994年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 創新就像踢足球，即使是最出色的球員也會痛失進球機會，其射門被擋出的機會大大多于進球的機會。select [si5lekt] v.選擇，挑選；a.精選的，第一流的 【真題例句】 It does not push or pull, it selects(v.), and this function is difficult to discover and analyze.[2002年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 環境并不具備推動或拉動的作用；它具有選擇的作用，而這一作用難以發現也很難對其進行分析。【真題例句】 In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select(a.)committee, Lord Irvine said he(37：agreed)with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not(38：offer)sufficient control.[2001年完形] 【例句精譯】 在寫給眾議院新聞媒體特別委員會Gerald Kaufman主席的信中，Irvine勛爵說，他贊同委員會今年的報告，該報告稱，對自我約束并未予以足夠的監控。shape [Feip] n.①形狀，外形；②情況，狀態；③種類；v.成型，塑造 【真題例句】(63)The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping(v.)and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.[2002年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(63)自然選擇在進化中的作用僅在一百多年前才得以闡明，而環境在塑造和保持個體行為時的選擇作用則剛剛開始被認識和研究。sound [saund] n.聲音，聲響；v.①發聲，響；②聽起來；a.①健全的，完好的；②正當的，有根據的；③徹底的，充分的 【真題例句】 Instead of describing sounds(n.)we must make up words that imitate them;we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.[2000年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 我們必須造出詞語去模仿聲音，而不應對其進行描述；我們必須在同一張紙上使用不同型號和不同顏色的墨水，任 5] 【例句精譯】 實踐（或稱復習）就是建立并保持對某一任務或所學材料的記憶。【真題例句】 However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be(27：wise)to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,(28：for example), publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews(n.②),(29：displaying)student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.[2003年完形] 【例句精譯】 然而，青少年的生活已經充滿競爭，所以為他們安排贏家多于輸家的各種活動是明智的。例如，出版由學生自己編寫書評的新聞小冊子，展出學生的藝術品和贊助成立讀書俱樂部等等。

spell [spel] v.①拼寫；②導致，招致；n.一段時間 【真題例句】 But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing,” has spelt(v.②)the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music.[2005年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 然而，“做我們自己的事”——這一對事物真實性和個性的崇拜信條，已經給正式的演講、寫作、詩歌和音樂畫上了句號。【真題例句】 Despite a spell(n.)of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.[2002年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 雖然一開始在20世紀60年代和70年代有過一段樂觀的時期——那時候仿佛晶體管電路和微處理器的發展將使它們在2010年能夠模仿人類大腦的活動——但是最近研究人員已經開始將這個預測延后數十年，甚至數百年。stor(e)y [5stC:ri] n.①描述；②故事；③報道；④謊話；⑤樓層 【真題例句】 If one wanted to 14 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數學英語政治視頻課程

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become a computer engineer, that is, of course, an entirely different story(②).[1999年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 當然如果想成為一名計算機工程師，事情就完全不同了。【真題例句】 In other words, there is a conventional story(③)line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.[2001年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 換言之，在媒介機構的新聞采編室文化中存在著一套約定俗成的寫作模式，為紛繁復雜的新聞報道提供了一個中心思路和現成的故事編寫框架。stress [stres] n.①壓力，應力；②重音；v.強調，著重 【真題例句】 We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress(n.①).[2000年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 如果我們想詮釋現代生活的壓力，就必須加快文學發展的步伐。【真題例句】 While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress(v.)test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.[2000年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 雖然日本的教育因強調基礎知識而經常受到外國人的贊揚，但是它往往強調考試和機械學習，而不重視創造性和自我表現。suit [sju:t] v.①合適，適合；②相配，適應；n.①一套西服；②訴訟 【真題例句】 The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited(①)for expressing joy.[2006年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 最早的藝術形式，如繪畫和音樂，是最適于表達快樂的。【真題例句】 David Williamds?s suit(①)should trouble this gambling nation.But don?t bet on it.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 大衛威廉姆斯的起訴或許會在這個賭博民族中引發一些問題，但是也并不能確信。【真題例句】 Nevertheless Williams?s suit(②)charged that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling” intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will” well.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 然而威廉姆斯還是控告娛樂場，明知道他“不可救藥地賭博上癮”還故意“誘惑”他“違背他自己的意愿參加賭博”。target [5tB:git] n.目標，對象，靶子；vt.以……為目標 【真題例句】 That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target(n.)species is about 50% of its original levels.[2006年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 這十分重要，因為理論表明在目標魚類單位數量是原始水平的大約50%的時候，才能保證漁場可收獲的最大可持 意縮短或加長詞語。【真題例句】 It sounds(v.②)like a useful, ground-clearing way to start.[1997年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 這聽起來像是一個有效的明顯開始做事的方式。【真題例句】 If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound(a.①).[2005年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 假如我們要保護我們的大氣層，關鍵一點是：新建的電廠必須是環保安全型的。spectacle [5spektEkl] n.①[pl.]眼鏡；②場面，景觀；③奇觀，壯觀 【真題例句】 Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles(②), which now more than ever seem in ample supply:...[2000年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 相反我們目睹了比以前任何時候都多的虛偽景觀； 續產出量。【真題例句】 In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push” information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted(vt.)customers.[1999年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 然而，在去年，軟件公司開發出新的技術使得商家可以把產品信息推到消費者的計算機屏幕上。thumb [WQm] n.拇指；v.（～ through）翻閱 【真題例句】 It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb(v.)through their phone directories.Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zo? Zysman.[2004年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 人們早已知道在客戶翻查電話簿時，名叫AAAA的出租汽車公司要比Zodiac出租汽車公司有很大的優越性。至于在生活方面Adam Abbott較之Zo? Zysman的優越性就不那么為人所知了。

第五篇：高考英語完形填空熟詞僻義（小編推薦）

SAMMY高考英語完形填空熟詞僻義

I動詞僻義

一serve(僻義:端上飯,菜 酒等 對……起作用)(熟義:服務)

【08四川】...Clearly I had made mistakes.I had started the evening wanting to have a happy time with my daughter but had allowed my desire to win to become more important than my relationship with my daughter.me well.As a parent, I realized that it got in my way.So I had to change.34．A.offeredB.servedC.controlledD.taught

【06全國】…A waiter appeared.He paused for just a second, walked into the water to set the table and take their bottle of wine and two glasses.Without pausing, he went once more into the water tothe wine.The couple toasted each other, the waiter and the crowd…

50．A.changeB.drinkC.sellD.serve

【04全國】It was the night before the composition was due.As I looked at the list of topics(題目), “The Art of Eating Spaghetti(意大利面條)” caught my eye.The word “spaghetti” brought back the memory of an evening at Uncle Alien's in Belleville when all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Patspaghetti for supper.Spaghetti was an exotic(外來的)treat in those days.38．A.cookedB.servedC.gotD.made 二run(僻義:道路,街道等延伸、延展)(熟義:跑)

三fail(僻義:辜負使……失望)(熟義:失敗)

【08安徽】There are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time.One of them is to walk around it, guide-book in hand.Of course, we may study with our guide-books the history and special developments of a town and get to know them.But then, if we take out time and stay in a town for a while, we may get to know it better.When we look at it as a whole, we begin to have some questions, which even the best guide-books do not answer.Why is the town just like this, this shape, this plan, this size? Why do its streetsin this particular way, and not in any other why?

Here even the best guide-bookus.One can't find in it the information about how a town has developed to the present appearance.It may not describe the original(最初的)design of a town.44．A.openB.runC.beginD.move

46．A.helpsB.tricksC.failsD.satisfies

四wear(僻義:表露態度,表情)(熟義:穿,戴)

【08重慶卷】…She rode the rest of the way home52a happy smile, with the money she'd lost earlierforgotten.On the road of life, the help of strangers can lighten our loads and lift our spirits.How much sweeter the journey will be when we make it a little smoother for others!

52．A.givingB.wearingC.takingD.forcing

五break(僻義:①撕裂……表面 break the news把消息告訴某人；②間斷 broken English 不流利的英語)(熟義:弄壞)

【07 北京】…“I'm surprised.” smiled Mr.Berry, when we gave him the result.“I really thought that only a few people wanted their band and that the cost would be too high.OK.Angela, your next task is to find a good band and line them up for the dance.”

Angela was all smiles and the news to Amy and Daniel.“You're amazing” smiled Daniel to Angela as he thought how close they came to having a less than perfect dance.54．A.showedB.wroteC.brokeD.read

【06湖南】… “What's up?”I asked.He answered in47English,“ I…I no get money to buy book.”I took out two 500 naira notes.He looked around nervously before sticking his hand into the car for the bills.One thousand naira means a lot to a family that makes only 50,000 each year.47．A.oldB.brokenC.traditionalD.modern

六pour(僻義:連續不斷涌入,出)(熟義:倒,灌)

【07遼寧】…There he spent two years practicing, and by 1999 he had worked hard enough for fortune to take over．After hissuccessful performance at Chicago's Ravinia Festival, gigs(特邀演出)in Lincoln's Center and Carnegie Hall startedLang Lang finally worked to reach the place where fortune spots him, and lets himshine ．

54．A.pullingB．breakingC．fallingD．pouring

七plant(僻義:牢固安置)(熟義:種植)

【05遼寧卷】Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed.When they got to the South Pole, they found the Norwegians(挪威人)had beaten them in the race to be the first ever to reach it.After the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back.37．A.growingB.puttingC.plantingD.laying

八measure(僻義:衡量)(熟義:測量)

【04天津】…“I would have given up on the first lap, ”said another girl.“We were cheering for you.Did you hear us?”

Suddenly I regained hope.I decided to stick with track next year.I realized strength and courage aren't always win, but the people who don't give up when they lose

43．A.measuredB.praisedC.testedD.increased

九film(僻義:膠卷)(熟義:電影)

十develop(僻義:沖印_)(熟義:發展)

十一cover(僻義:涉及,彌補損失)(熟義:覆蓋)

【04福建】Not too long ago, an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly.A guest36out of our Polynesian Village resort(度假勝地)at Walt Disney was asked how sheenjoyed her visit.She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n)wonderful vacation, but was heartbroken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet.At that moment she was particularly sad over the loss of the pictures she had shot at our Polynesian Luau, as this was a memory she especially treasured.Now, please understand that we have no written service ruleslost photos in the park.Fortunately, the clerk at the front desk understanding Disney's idea of caring for our guests.She asked the woman to leave her a couple rolls offilm, promising she would take care of the rest of our show at Polynesian Luau.36．A.workingB.checkingC.tryingD.staying

40．A.developedB.takenC.washedD.loaded

43．A.coveringB.findingC.makingD.keeping

47．A.printedB.shotC.unusedD.recorded

十二charge(僻義:賒帳)(熟義:負責)

【03北京】Word that I was trustworthy and hard-working got around town.A local clothing store offered me credit(賒賬)whileI was only in seventh grade.I immediatelymaking only 65 cents an hour, and I already owed the storekeeper $ 90!So I learned early the danger of easy credit.I paid it off as soon as I could.49．A.soldB.borrowedC.chargedD.wore

II 名詞僻義

十三a blanket of/ a carpet of(僻義:一層毯狀物)(熟義:毛毯 ,地毯)

【07四川卷】Well , less than a week after my arrival in Manila.I was already carpeted with a43of mosquito bites.I took many measures to keep myself from being bitten, but they all proved useless.43．A.shadeB.pileC.cloudD.blanket

十四lecture(僻義:長篇大論的教訓)(熟義:演講 講課)

【 06浙江】He wrote his wife's name on the back of the photos and handed them to a clerk behind the desk in the booth.“ If you see a small, dark lady with brown eyes and an apologetic expression obviously looking for someone, his office in Morrison Building, satisfied that if

a picture is worth a thousand words, then the four photos must be a good31．A.descriptionB.preparationC.excuseD.lecture

十五nature(僻義:本質 實質)(熟義:大自然)

【06遼寧】It was a bright spring afternoon when Freda told me she wouldn't need me any more.I had just finished my four-hour work － moving up and down the stairs of her three-storey home cleaning the floor and washing the dishes.…I had watched them grow up.Now I was tired, but the strange thing was that I still wanted to keep scraping away the dirt and dust for the family.I left Freda's house that day, wondering about my relationship with my clients(主顧).Who am I to them? As a matter of fact, I'm merely an employee——the lowest kind of employee.But I'm also a trusted member of the family.I can't help worrying about what happens around me.52．A.meaningB.natureC.resultD.importance

十六sense(僻義:意義)(熟義:感官)

【04重慶】The teacher asked carefully ,”How did you get the scar on your face?“

The mother answered, ”When my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire.Everyone was too afraid to go in because the fire was out of control，so I went in.As I was running toward his bed, I saw a piece of wood coming down and I placed myself over him trying to protect him.I was knocked senseless but fortunately a fireman came in and saved both of us.“ She touched the burned side of her face.”This scar will be lasting, but to this day, I have never regretted what I did.“

At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes.He held her mother in his arms and felt a greattightly of the day.54．A.honorB.senseC.happinessD.pride

十七point(僻義:意義)(熟義:小數點)

【08安徽】What is the52of studying towns in the way? For me, it is simply that one gets a greater depth of pleasure by visiting and seeing a town with one's own eyes.A personal visit to a town may help one better understand why it is attractive than just reading about it in a guide-book.52．A.pointB.viewC.problemD.difficulty

III 詞性活用導致僻義

十八present(僻義:呈現,講述)(熟義:禮物)

十九reason(僻義:和…..說理)(熟義:理由)

【08北京】When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship.Having been a Straight-A student, I believed I could take tough subjects and really learn something.One such course was World Literature given by Professor to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper, for English was my best subject.I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained unmoved.I decided to try harder, although I didn't know what thatmeantbecause school had always been easy for me.I read the books more carefully, but got anotherProfessor Jayne.Again, he listened patiently but wouldn't change his mind.37．A.soughtB.presentedC.exchangedD.obtained

42．A.quarreledB.reasonedC.bargainedD.chatted

二十build(僻義:體格)(熟義:修建)

【08江西】…”They are experienced laborers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks they carry.See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of his shoulder.Some of the rock's weight is set againsthis head, some on the right hand and some on the left hand.His body isn't bent.His legs are well placed.“

”You're right, Josh.He may have a small he certainly well knows his job.Dear me!And to think we have been studying physics!

46．A.ButB.HoweverC.SoD.Therefore

二十一 match(僻義:對手 敵手)(熟義:比賽)

【08湖北】…When they reached Neilson's car, the attacker had jumped into the driver's seat and was madly

searching for the keys.Bruce opened the door, and he and Jackson dragged the man out.The attacker fought back.for the two athletic men.51．A.matchB.targetC.equalD.companion

二十二treat(僻義:款待)(熟義:治療)

【08陜西】One evening, a passer-by asked to stay for the night.Seeing that he had an honest face, she let him in and gave him a nice.The next morning the stranger, actually a sorcerer(巫師), thanked her by granting(允準)her wish that anyone who climbed up her tree should not be able to come back down until she permitted it.25．A.giftB.kissC.treatD.smile

二十三change(僻義:找錢零錢)(熟義:變化)

【07湖南】…What a mess!Then my mother came to help me, and she also showed me how to make49.If quarters and a dollar and said,“75 cents makes four dollars, plus one dollar makes five.”Things went more smoothly after that.49．A.moneyB.lunchC.coffeeD.change

【06湖南】Looking at his black-striped bananas, I bargained down to 200 total for the fruit and nuts.He agreed.I handed him a 500 naira note.He didn't haveSo I told him not to worry.He was grateful and smiled a row of perfect teeth.41．A.changeB.notesC.checksD.bills

二十四shape(僻義:塑造)(熟義:形狀)

【07山東卷】Life is filled with challenges.As we get older we come to realize that those challenges are the very us and make us who we are ,it is the same with the challenges that come with friendship.37．A.designB.promoteC.directD.shape

二十五share(僻義:一份)(熟義:分享_)

【04北京】The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was run.I always wished to God that it would rain so we would not have the training.Of course, all teams run drills;they are necessary.But we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble breathing.Younger people shouldn't be doing exercises intended for 18-year-olds

I was very thin before I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much, because I was afraid of being too full to run.I feared making mistakes, and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual

49．A.sizeB.shareC.spaceD.state

二十六tire(僻義:輪胎)(熟義:疲倦)

二十七flat(僻義:癟的輪胎氣不足)(熟義:公寓)

二十八go with(僻義:匹配)(熟義:與……一道)

【04湖北】Elizabeth Clay decided to go home and spend the holiday with her parents.The next day she drove her old car home along the road.Suddenly she found she got a flat.The 22-year-old student managed to stop her car by At this time, a car stopped.Paul and Diane told Clay to follow them to a service station near their house.They arrived to see that it had no suitable tires towith her car.“Follow us home,” said Paul.38．A.spareB.freeC.fullD.empty

42．A.agreeB.matchC.goD.deal

二十九service(僻義:檢修 維修)(熟義:服務)

【04湖南】I grew up in a community called Estepona.I was 16 when one morning, Dad told me I could drive him into a distant village called Mijas, on condition that I took the car in to beat nearby garage.Readily accepted, I drove Dad into Mijas, and promised to pick him up at 4 pm, then dropped off the car at the garage.With several hours to spare, l went to a theater.However, when the last movie finished, it was six.1 was two hours late!

37．A.keptB.washedC.watchedD.serviced

三十grade(僻義:被打上了等級)(熟義:成績 等級)

【04全國】Two days passed before Mr.Fleagle returned the50papers.He said, “Now, class, I want to read you a composition, The Art of Eating Spaghetti.”

50．A.writtenB.gradedC.collectedD.signed

三十一social(僻義:社交層面的 交際的)(熟義:社會的)

【04全國】Never had I eaten spaghetti, and none of the grown-ups had enough experience to be good at it.What laughing arguments we had about therespectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.Suddenly, I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy, not for…

43．A.nearlyB.naturallyC.officiallyD.socially

三十二still(僻義:一動不動的 靜止)(熟義:依舊)

【06全國】On a hot summer day in late August, I sought shade and a cool drink at a waterfront café on a Greek island.Over a hundred degrees inair.Crowded.Tempers(脾氣)of both the tourists and waiters had rose to meet the situation, making it a rather quarrelsome environment.36．A.freshB.coolC.stillD.thin

三十三would(僻義:愿意)(熟義:將會)

【06 重慶】She was moved to a specialized health center, and whatever method could be tried was used.Still she would43．A.get upB.give upC.turn upD.stand up

三十四narrow(僻義:勉強的)(熟義:狹窄的)

【06江西】One afternoon ,the headmaster called my friend to discuss one essay with him in a lively spirit.“I was interested in this point you make here.I think you might have gone further.Tell me what you had in your mind.” The headmaster continued in this way for some time to the fear of my friend.However the headmaster, not wishing to turn an occasion of praise into one of fault-finding, finally let him go.He came back to me like a man who had had a very 54．A.surpriseB.escapeC.hopeD.chance