第一篇：雅思高分7分寫作的288個詞匯總結

雅思7分288個詞匯總結

傳授知識

impart(vt.)/inculcate(vt.)knowledge

灌輸高尚的道德觀

instill(vt.)high moral values(注意values復數表示價值觀)給學生以動力

give the students motivation to do sth.Motivate the students to do sth.給學生以靈感

stimulate the students’ thought

give the students inspiration 培養（某種素質）

cultivate/foster/nurture(vts.)促進學生身心的發展

promote the student’s physcial/mental/ intellectual and emotional development

心理健康

psychological soundness/ well-being/welfare(adjs)塑造某人的性格

mould(BrE,vt)one’s character 責任感

a sense of obligation 能力(先天獲得)

aptitude/talant 能力（后天學習得到）

ability/skill

學生接受的學校教育（n）

schooling(n)

兒童接受的家庭教育（n）

upbringing(n)parenting(n)教學法

methodology/pedagogical methodology 用填鴨式教學來教育學生

force-feed(vt.)the students 學生不應該只是被動的接受簡單知識的容器

Students should not be treated as passive recepacles of predigested ideas 死記硬背

learn things by rote

為了記憶而記憶

memorise(BrE)for memorisation’s own sake

以及方程式，公式，定理，定律

memorise(vt.)equations,formulas,theorems and laws(nouns)應用

apply

盲從

follow something blindly/indiscriminately(advs)

限制創造力的發展

extiguish(vt.)/stifle(vt.)/constrain(vt.)creativity(noun)打擊學生的積極性

dampen/sap(vts)the students’ emthusiasm/

frustrate the students

產生不必要的壓力

beget/creat undue pressure

把學生分開教育（如根據課堂上的表現）segregate(vt.)students 來自于其他同學的壓力

peer pressure

適應（v）

adapt to sth./adjust oneself to sth./become accustomed to sth.適應能力

adaptability

逆境

adverse circumstances/adversity 團隊精神

team spirit(n)

獨立思考

thing independently(adv)

在理解的基礎上學習

learn things through understanding

鼓勵學生用辯證的眼光看問題

encourage students to think critically(adv)學生的反饋

students’ feedback/input

學生評價老師的教學

students appraise/evaluate(vts)their teachers’ performance 學生對老師所教知識的掌握

students’ grasp/command(n)of what has been taught 4

學生學習的各門功課加在一起稱為

curriculum(n)具體一門課叫

syllabus

課外活動叫

extra-curricular activities

學校是社會的縮影

a school is society in miniature 不遵守紀律(n)

indiscipline/misbehavior/mischief(n)不遵守紀律(daj)的學生

disruptive/unruly students 5

理論知識

theoretical knowledge

就業技能

employable/marketable skills 通才

generalist 專才

specialist

全面發展的 well-rounded/versatile(adj)

為社會健康發展作貢獻

contribute to societal(adj)well-being(n)/welfare(n)6

大學學科的分類可以分為

人文學科（文學，歷史 語言學等）humanities 社會學科（政治 經濟學 社會學的）social sciences

EDUCATION 藝術（音樂 雕塑等）

arts

文科也可以總稱為

liberal arts/ liberal studies 理科（物理

化學 生物學等）

sciences 工科（工程 自動化等）

engineering 大學里任何一個學科都有可以叫

discipline 基礎科學

basic sciences 應用科學

applied sciences

小學教育

primary-level education 中學教育

secondary-level education 大學教育

tertiary-level education 職業教育

vocational education/training 青少年（復數）

youths/youngsters/adolescents 生物技術

biotechnology 克隆

cloning(n)clone(v)遠程通訊

telecommunications(n)

尖端的技術

cutting-edge(adj)technology 信息爆炸

information exposion/overload 信息時代

the information age/era

互聯網被廣泛的應用

the proliferation(n)of the Internet 太空探索（n）

space exploration

一個人的基因構成 one’s genetic makeup/ one’s DNA programming 科技創新與發展

technological innovations/inventions/advances/progression(n)提高效率

augment/enhance/boost(vts)efficiency 提高生產效率

augment/enhance/boots productivity

減少人力的機器（計算機發明之前的技術）

labor-saving machinery 取代人力的機器（計算機發明之后的技術）

labor-replacing machinery 自動化

automation(n)/ automated(adj)

徹底變革

transform/revolutionise(vts)/ fundamentally change sth.以一種史無前例的速度向前發展advance/progress(vis)at an unprecedented(adj)rate 如果要說以一種讓人震驚的速度向前發展，只要把unprecedented改成astonishing 如果要說正以一種很快的速度向前發展

sth is advancing by leaps and bounds 產生深遠的影響

create/produce/generate/breed/spawn(vts)/result in/lead to/ profound(adj)/far-reaching(adj)/prevasive(adj)

influence/impact/bearing/implications/repercussions(n)1 侵犯隱私

violate/intrude on/infringe on someone’s privacy 破壞某人的名譽

tarnish/sully/smear/besmirch(vts)one’s reputation 狗仔隊

paparazzi(復數名詞 不再加s)新聞界

the press

印刷媒體（如報紙 雜志）the print media 報道新聞的機構

news outlets 電子媒體

the electronic media 名人

a celebrity/celebrities(plu)時事

current affairs 丑聞

scandals

無處不在 prevalent/ubiquitous/pervasive(adj)2

審查

censor(vt)

刪除

delete/elimminate/excise(vts)

過多的暴力與色情內容

excessive/gratuitous violent and pornographic(adjs)contents 報道非常詳盡的細節

report sth.In graphic detail 媒體炒作（n）

media hype

有誤導性的misleading/misreprsented/distorted(adjs)詐騙性的 fraudulent(adj)虛假的 false/bogus(adjs)

夸大事實

exaggerate(vt)things/sensationalise(vt)things/blow things out of all proportions(最后一個比較口語 用作文也可以)

充斥著

be awash with/be inundated with/be saturated with sth.Technology

Media 掩蓋（丑聞或罪行等）

cover up/gloss over/whitewash 不客觀的，不公正的 biased/skewed/unobjective(adjs)3

如實的報道

factual accounts(n)

可信的 reliable/trustworthy/dependable 客觀公正的 objective and balanced(adjs)

及時的up-to-the-minute(adj)/up-to-date(adj)前者比后者更加及時 信息量大的informative

娛樂性強的 entertaining(adj)有新聞價值的 newsworthy(adj)

監督

scrutiny(n)/scrutinize(vt)/monitor(vt)揭露

expose/reveal(vts)

道德準則（n）

code of ethics/code of conduct 1

當局

authorities(n)

老百姓

citizens/the citizenry

規范，管理

regulate/administer/overse(vts)實施

implement(vt)

立法

legislate(vi)/make laws

民主與開放的政府

a democratic and progressive government 嚴禁(v)

strictly prohibit/ban altogether 嚴格的法律

stringent laws/legislation 規章制度

rules and regulations

為。。撥款

allocate monety to sth./subsidise(vt)/be a patron of/invest in/finance(vt)/fund(vt)/dedicate money to sth.預算

budget

稅收

tax revenue(n)

政府在某方面的開支（n）

他和government spending/expenditure on sth.削減（v）

curtail(vt)增加

augment(vt)當務之急（n）

priority

把。。當成當務之急

give priority to sth.責任（n）

responsibility/obligation 人道主義救援

humanitrian(adj)aid(n)管理

administer/regulate 2 軍備競賽

arms race(n)自衛

self-defence(BrE,n)

國土安全

expansion/aggression(n)

謀求霸權

seek/pursue(vts)hegemony(n)惡性循環

a vicious circle(n)

地區不穩定因素

destablising factors 太空競賽

space race(n)

武器

weapons/arms/armaments(n)

下崗工人

laid-off workers/downsized workers 失業（n）

unemployment/joblessness 3 基礎設施

infrastructure 比如

公共交通系統

public transport system(BrE)電網

power grid

石油和天然氣管道

pinelines

給排水系統

water supply and drainage system 1

一種可以通用的語言

a lingua franca/a universal language/a global language 英語被廣泛使用

the proliferation(n)of English

英語的統治地位

the dominant role/the ascendancy/the hegemony of English 方言

dialect(n)/vernacular/the indigenous language

小語種將會消亡

lesser-known language wll become extinct/obsolete(adjs)小語種的消亡（n）

the extinct/demise of lesser-known languages

Government

Language & Culture 2 文化遺產包括有形和無形的兩種

有形的如歷史遺址，無形的如風俗習慣 儀式 傳統道德觀念等

cultural hertiage can be divided into two groups:tangible cultural

hertiage,such as historic sites and intangible cultural hertiage,such as

customs,rites,rituals and mores, etc.保護

preserve(vt)

祖先

forefathers/ancestors

后代

descendants/posterity后面一個是不可數名詞 3

少數民族

ethnic minorities

民族團結

the harmony(n)between ethnic groups/races 文化融合 cultural integration and synthesis(n)互相影響

interaction

文化多元性

cultural diversity 豐富（v）

enrich(vt)

狹隘的觀念

insular/provincial/parochial(adjs)/parochial(adjs)mentality

貶低（v）

deprecate/denigrate/minimize(vts)the importance of /disparage/trivialize/discredit(vts)。。不是一成不變的sth.is not set/carved in stone 1

生活節奏加速

the tempo/pace of life has accelerated 疲勞

fatigue(n)抑郁癥

depression

失眠

sleeplessness/sleep-deprivation/insomnia(n)

導致人與人之間疏遠

create（vt）alienation(n)between people 過于功利的materialistic/mercenary/money-worshipping(adjs)追求最大限度利潤

pursue(vt)maximum profit

交通堵塞

traffic jams/traffic congestions/gridlock最后一個是不可數名詞 阻礙(v)

impede/hinder/hamper/obstruct/inhibit(vts)

讓人擔心的 worrying/worrisome/disturbing/disquieting/disconcerting(adjs)

危害，破壞（v）

undermine/spoil/do a disservice to sth/ruin/imperil/endanger/jeopardise(BrE)都是vts

危害，破壞（n）harm/damage/destruction/devastation 惡化（v）

worsen(vi,vt)/deteriorate(vi)

導致某種問題更加惡化

amplify(vt)/magnify(vt)/ecacerbate(vt)/aggravate(vt)a problem 緩解

ease/alleviate/mitigate(vts)有特殊審美價值的老房子

old building of special aesthetic value（注意審美觀的說法是aesthetic values復數）

有特殊歷史意義的老房子

building of historic significance 居民

vernacular dwellings

讓城市更美觀

beautify(vt)the cities/better(vt)the cityscape 破舊的（房子）

decrepit/rundown/rickety/dilapidated(adjs)

拆除

tear down a building/demolish a building/raze a building/knock down a building 高樓

high-rise buildings 摩天樓

skyscrapers 城市化

unbanisation(n)

城鄉差距

the disparity(n)between the city and the countryside 城市的 urban 鄉村的 rural

搬遷

relocate(vi,vt)

在家上班（v）

telecommute(vi)休閑

leisure/recreation(n0

精神上的享受（n）

amusement and enjoyment(n)娛樂

entertainment/diversion

寬松的管理(n)laissez-faire management(n)運營成本（n）

operating costs/overhead cost 雇用（v）recruit(vt)

會導致效率降低的（adj）

counterproductive 勞動力資源

labour(BrE)pool

人口爆炸

population explosion(n)/population boom 控制人口

birth control/family planning

貧窮的 needy/poverty-stricken/impoverished/deprived/destitude/indigent 富裕的affluent/wealthy/well-off

Development 愛慕虛榮的pretentious/ostentatious(adjs)缺少運動的生活方式

sedentary(adj)lifestyle 營養過剩

overnourishment(n)扶貧

poverty alleviation(n)

（國家或者地區的）文化特性

(national or regional)cultural identity

全球文化同一化過程(n,即地區文化特征消失)

global cultural homogenization(n)文化同一性（或叫文化均質性）

cultural homogeneity/cultural uniformity 全球化是一把雙刃劍

Globalisation is a two-edged sword 地球村

the global village

席卷一切的潮流

sweeping trends

有機結合東西方文化

synthesize the Asian and Western culture 侵蝕

erode(v)

普遍的 universal(adj)

兩性平等

gender equality

性別歧視

sexism/gender discrimination

一個開明的社會

a progressive/enlightened society 2

被家務事拖累

be tied down by household chores 生育孩子

child bearing(n)撫養孩子

child rearing(n)母性的本能

maternal instinct

家務

housework/household chores 撫養子女的方式

parenting 代溝

generation gap/disparity 性格沖突

personality clashes

老年人

elderly people/senior citizens 青少年

adolescents/youngsters

家庭成員間的情感紐帶

family bonds/family ties 歸屬感

a sense of belonging

對。。依戀（n）

an attachment to sth/an affinity for sth 貧窮的家庭

deprived family 富裕的家庭

affluent families 家庭的培養

upbringing 4

虐待

mistreat/abuse(vts)家庭暴力

domestic violence

毒品上癮(n)

addiction to drugs/ be addicted(adjs)to drugs 單親家庭

single-parent households

瀕于破裂或已經破裂的家庭

broken families/dysfunctional households 挽救

salvage(vt)1 旅游景點

tourist attractions/tourist spots/places of interest 開闊眼界

push back/expand one’s vision/horizons

游客與當地人的互動

tourists can interact with the locals 促進文化交流

promote cultural communication

吸引

draw/attract/appeal to(vts)/be a magnet for somebody 親身體驗(n)

first-hand experience

多種感官體驗的（如聽覺，觸覺等）

multi-sensory(adj)相互了解

mutual understanding

把游客和當地人隔離

seclude/isolate(vts)the tourist from the locals 商業化

commercialise/commodity(vts)欺騙游客的手段

tourist traps 沖突

conflict(n,vi+with)爭端(n)

discord/dissension

間接體驗（如通過電視或互聯網n）srcond-hand experience/vicarience experience 文化遺產

cultural heritage

互聯網不會讓旅游業過時

the Internet will not render tourism obsolete

Globalistaion

Women & Families

Tourism 1

生態系統

ecosystem/ecological system 某一地區所有植物的總稱

the flora(n)某一地區所有動物的總稱

the fauna(n)

某一地區所有生物的總稱

the wildlife in a region/the biota(flora+fauna)of a region 生物多樣性

biodiversity(n)

生態平衡

ecological balance/ecological equilibrium(n)2

可持續發展

sustainable development

環保主義者

environmentalist/conservationists 對環境無害的environmentally-frendly(adj)節約使用

conserve(vt)保護

preserve

再利用

reuse/recycle 3

肥沃的土壤

fertile soil 貧瘠的土壤

infertile soil

耕地（n）

arable land/farmland 增加農產品產量

boost crop yield

開采自然資源

exploit natural resources 4

短缺（n）

shortage/scarcity/dearth/lack 5

消耗（某種資源）

consume/deplete(vts)用盡（某種資源）

use up/exhaust(vts)

給資源造成很大壓力

put a strain on the already stretched resources 破壞自然資源

wreak(vt)havoc(n)on natural resources 臭氧層

ozone layer

砍伐森林

deforestation(n)污染

pollute/contaminate(vts)有毒的 poisonous/toxic(adjs)污水

effluent/sewage 排放

discharge

溫室效應

greenhouse effect/global warming 嚴重的severe/grave/grievous(adjs)

白色污染產生的垃圾

non-biodegradable garbage/wastes that cannot decompose or

breakdown/inorganic trash

惡化

deteriorate/aggravate前者為自身惡化，后者為被惡化 6

可再生資源

renewable resources

不可再生資源

non-renewable resources(包括金屬metals,礦產minerals,石油petroleum,天然氣natural gas,煤coal,等后三種可總稱為fossil fuels)

各國必須攜手解決環境問題

countries on this planet must join forces/makes a concerted

effort/unite(vi)to combat/tackle/resolve/address(vts)environmental problems

譴責而不是縱容

condermn rather than condone(vts)sth 嚴厲的措施

harsh action/measures

增強公眾關于。。的意識

raise/elevate the public awareness of sth 觸犯法律

break/violate/flout/disobey the law 犯罪

commit a crime

罪行

offences(BrE)/crimes/criminal acts 罪犯

criminal/offender/culprit.perpetrator

從犯

accomplice/accessory(n)/convicts(n)后者指幫助犯罪但為直接參與的人 受害者

victim(n)心理創傷

trauma(n)

曾橫社會

resent society/hold a grudge against society 囚犯

inmate/convicts(n)牢房

cell

監禁(v)

imprison/incarcerate(vts)someone 教育罪犯

educate/edify(vts)criminals 寬容的 lenient(adj)

改造罪犯

reform/rehabilitate criminals

Environment

Crime 執法部門

law enforcement agencies

重罪

heinous crimes/flagitious crime/felony(n)輕罪

petty crime/misdemeanour(BrE)初犯的人

first-time offender

慣犯

hardened criminals/repeat criminals

遏制猖獗的犯罪

curb/halt/check(vts)the rampant(adj)crimes 再次犯罪(v)

revert(vi)to crime 再次犯罪(n)

recidivism

守法的公民

law-abiding citizens

遵守法律

abide by/comply with the law 無視…(v)

disregard

給某人造成心理創傷

traumatise(vt)someone 抓捕

track dowm/hunt down/capture(vt)有預謀的犯罪

premeditated crime 犯罪傾向(n)

criminal tendency

動物實驗

animal experiments 被繩之以法

be brought to justice

動物權益保護主義

animal rights activists 醫學研究

medical research

殘忍的cruel/merciless/inhuman/callous/brutal(adjs)活體揭破

vivisection 麻醉

anaesthetic(BrE,n)

減輕動物的痛苦

alleviate/ease(vts)animals’ pain 寵物是主人的伙伴

pets are conpanions of their masters

給主人心理安慰

afford their masters consolation and comfort(n)偷獵

poach(vi,vt)/poaching(n)

某一種事物是沒有替代物的 there are no replacements/substitutes/alternatives(單數去s)for sth 認為動物和人類相同的感官的觀點(n)

anthropomorphism 瀕危動物

endangered species

Animal

雅思寫作常用高頻詞組累積收藏版

on account of… 因為…，由于…

on the basis of… 根據…，在…的基礎上 in any case無論如何，總之

in case of… 假使…，萬一… in no case決不

in charge of… 負責…，主管… in common共用，共有，共同

on condition that在…條件下 on the contrary反之，正相反

in contrast with/to… 與…成對照 under control被控制住

at all costs不惜任何代價

at the cost of… 以…為代價

in the course of… 在…過程中，在…期間 in detail詳細地

in difficulties處境困難 on earth究竟，到底

at all events無論如何 in any event無論如何

in effect實際上

with the exception of… 除…之外

in the face of… 面對…，不顧…

in favor of… 有利于…，贊成…，支持…

in general通常，大體上 in honor of… 為紀念…，向…表示敬意

at a loss困惑，不知所措 by all means無論如何，必定

by means of… 借助于…，用… by no means決不

in nature本質上 in particular特別地，尤其，詳細地

in practice實際上

in proportion to… 與…成比例

for(the)purpose of… 為了… at any rate無論如何，至少

with/in regard to… 對于…，就…而論 with respect to… 關于…

as a result結果，因此 as a result of… 由于…的緣故

in the long run最終，從長遠觀點看 for the sake of… 為了…起見

in spite of… 不管…，不顧… in terms of… 依據…，按照…

in truth事實上，實際上，的確 have/gain access to…可以獲得…

take...into account把…加以考慮 gain/have an advantage over…勝過…，優于…

take advantage of…利用…，趁…之機 make the best of…充分利用…，妥善處理…

take charge of…擔任…，負責…

make a/the difference有影響，很重要

carry/bring into effect使生效，使起作用 put into effect實行，生效

come/go into effect生效，實施 keep an eye on…留意…，照看…

bear/keep in mind記住

make up one’s mind下決心

keep/hold pace with… 跟上…，與…同步 take place發生，進行

take the place of… 代替… make sense講得通，有意義

reply to…回答…，答復…

a great/good deal of大量(修飾不可數名詞)

influence on影響

account for…說明…

allow for…考慮到… refer to…參考…，查閱…，涉及…，提到…

serve as…用做… take for把……認為是…，把……看成是…

think over仔細考慮 depend on…取決于…

devote to…奉獻…，致力于… engage in…從事于…，忙著…

insist on…堅持…

look forward to…盼望…，期待…

have something to do with…和…有點關系 have nothing to do with…和…毫無關系

be fed up with…對…感到厭煩 take...as把…做為…

think of...as…把…看做是… be abundant in…富于…，富有…

be accustomed to習慣于

be aware of…意識到…

be based on…根據…，以…為基礎 be characterized by…以…為特征

be concerned about…關心…，掛念… be determined to do something決心做…

be equal to…等于… be free from沒有……的，不受……影響

be identified as…被認為是… be known as被稱做……，以……著稱

be popular with…受……歡迎

be prepared for對……做好準備

be regarded as被認為是…，被當做是… be satisfied with對……滿意，滿足于…

be second to…次于… be sick of…對…感到厭倦

be used as…被用做… be used to…習慣于…

get used to…習慣于… as a rule 通常,照例

as to… 至于…,關于…

at best 充其量,至多

as far as...be concerned 就...而言

beyond question 毫無疑問by

all means 盡一切辦法,務必 every now and then 時而,偶爾

in itself 本質上,就其本身而言 sooner or later 遲早,早晚

abide by… 遵守…,信守…

agree with與…相一致 同意…

be beneficial to… 有利于…，有益于… turn a blind eye to… 對…視而不見

by leaps and bounds飛速地，突飛猛進地 when it comes to一談到…,就…而論

disagree with… 與…意見不一致 不同意… give an opinion on… 對…發表意見

comment on…評論…

adapt oneself to…=adjust oneself to…使自己適應于…

on the contrary與之相反

convince somebody of something使某人確信某事

concentrate on/upon…集中注意力于…

be equipped with…裝備有…

attribute…to…把…歸因于…，認為…是…的結果 in essence本質上

to…extent在…程度上

in the light of… 按照…，根據…

第二篇：雅思寫作替換詞

1.建筑

建筑?architecture建筑, ?architectural style建筑風格, ?traditional傳統的?modern現代的, ?postmodern后現代的?have aesthetic value有美學價值, ?energy-efficient 節能的?function功能?functional 功能型的，實用的?historic site 歷史遺跡?cultural relics 文化遺跡?national identity 民族特征?skyscraper 摩天大樓?courtyard dwellings 四合院?well-structured 結構完好的?representation n.代表?crystallization結晶/civilization 文明?exterior appearance 外表?interior 內部的?eye sore 丑的東西?demolish, pull down 拆除?preserve保留, ?devastation破壞，2.環保:

environmental protection 環境保護?environmentally-friendly 環保的?preserve v.保護，保存 conserve ?污染：?Pollute= contaminate, pollutant ?Pollution=contamination?垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter?處理: dispose of, burn, bury(landfill), dump，recycle ?plastic bags, drinking cans?biodegradable packaging可降解包裝, ?throwaway 可丟棄的?disposable 可丟棄的 ~ product ?discourage v.不鼓勵?燃料?non-renewable 不可再生的?fossil fuels礦石燃料: natural gas, coal, petroleum?limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然資源?alternative energy替代能源?replace=substitute v.取代(wind power, hydropower水電, ?solar(lunar)power太陽能, ?nuclear power核能 tidal power潮汐?radioactivity n.輻射性?use up, deplete, exhaust v.用光，耗盡?conserve v.節省，節約, ?consume less v.少消耗

危害動物: ?poaching非法打獵，盜獵, ?damage natural habitat破壞自然棲息地, ?rare breed稀有物種, ?endangered species瀕危物種, ?extinct adj.滅絕(die out, disappear), ?animal rights activist動物權益保護者 , ?natural reserve(giant panda大熊貓)自然保護區, ?protect wildlife保護野生動物, ?disastrous災難性的, devastation破壞, ?have disastrous effect on…對。。有災難性的影響?危害植物: ?vegetation植被?deforestation森林消失, ?landslide山體滑坡, ?危害環境: ?carbon dioxide二氧化碳, greenhouse gas emission destroy ozone layer ?acid rain酸雨(erode腐蝕)greenhouse effect溫室效應(worsening, deteriorate, deterioration惡化)global warming全球變暖?ecological system=ecosystem生態系統?green belt綠化帶, sand storm沙塵暴,(filter v.過濾)arouse people’s awareness/consciousness of environmental protection提高公眾的環保意識

動物：?vivisection 活體解剖?perform/conduct experiments on animals 在動物身上做試驗 1 ?animal rights 動物權益?cruel and barbaric 殘忍和野蠻的?inhumane 不仁道的?alternative methods替代方式，其他方式?torture 折磨?right to live 生命權?life-threatening diseases威脅生命的疾病?medical technique醫療技術?clinical research 臨床研究?vaccine 疫苗?anatomy解剖

3.教育?學校:

nursery托兒所?kindergarten幼兒園?primary school/elementary school小學, ?secondary school中學教育?higher education高等教育 tertiary level

further education進修?教育: parenting, schooling,?enroll 入學admit 招收，錄取?Parents are obliged to do…父母有責任、義務去做。。compulsory education 強制教育、義務教育selective，compulsory military service，minors 未成年人adolescence，teenager/teen，youth，youngster immature 不成熟的

學習的好處?learn skills學習技能?acquire knowledge學習知識，enrich knowledge豐富知識, ?widen horizon開闊視野, ?inspire interest激發興趣, ?stimulate interest激發興趣, ?cultivate v.培養 hobbies?develop potentials?conduce to mental development?lay a solid foundation for the future為將來打下堅實的基礎

學習上的問題: ?lack discipline缺少約束力/persistence毅力, ?test-oriented education應試型教育，teacher-centred education student-centred education money-oriented

quality education 素質教育?cram for examinations突擊考試, ?stuff 塞

materials?memorise背, memorisation, ?rote learning死記硬背?Test-taking techniques應試技巧

壞處：?discourage critical thinking 打擊評判性思維?students stop questioning what they 2 are being taught?學生們不去質問他們學習的東西?conduce to academic performance有助學習表現?Adversely influence 負面地影響（動作）Exert adverse/unfavorable influence on對。。產生負面影響?Emphasis on memorisation adversely influences one’s academic performance.Creativity 創造性?Come at the expense/cost of creativity以犧牲創造力為代價?Lower/raise the standard of…降低了。。的水平

工作:?Full-time, part-time, casual job，white-collar, blue-collar, semi-skilled, self-employed, freelancer, ?收入: income, earnings, wages, salary,revenue

職業好: enjoyable, pleasant, fascinating令人著迷的?Steady穩定的?provide many opportunities for…提供各種。。的機會, ?give me a sense of satisfaction/accomplishment給我一種滿足感、成就感, ?apply what I have learnt to my job把我學的用在工作中, ?put my talent into full play充分發揮我的天分, ?improve my interpersonal and communicative skills提高我的人際交往和交流能力, improve my independence獨立能力,?well-fare福利?benefit future development將來的發展, ?不好: ?demanding難做的, ?stressful有壓力的, ?tiring累人的, exhausting令人筋疲力盡的,?boring無聊的, ?routine work常規工作, ?repetitive重復性的, ?work overtime/extra hours加班?workaholic工作狂, ?repetitive strain injuries職業病, ?adverse conditions惡劣的工作條件, ?Personnel, human resources 人力資源

4.新聞,媒體?媒體: medium-media:

read newspapers?watch TV programs?surf the Internet?see movies?up-to-date information最新的信息, ?access v.n.接觸?The internet enables people to have easy access to various information.記者：reporter, journalist, paparazzi 狗仔隊（復數）tabloid ?讀者群Readership?觀眾audience?報道：news coverage/TV coverage

好處: ?provide us with rich information給我們提供豐富的信息, ?entertain us是我們得到娛樂, ?enable people to relax使人們得到放松, ?disseminate/spread knowledge傳播知識, ?keep people well-informed使人信息靈通 download, upload, write your blogs, share your feelings with friends

壞處: ?information overload/explosion, 信息爆炸?Uncensored information corrupts children’s minds.未經審查信息腐蝕小孩的心靈。Violence n.暴力, pornography n.色情, ?obscene色情的, violent暴力的, pornographic色情的?objectionable content不良信息?cyber crime網絡犯罪(financial crime)

net cafe ?Internet-addicted 上網成癮的?isolation 孤立, isolated 孤立的?unsociable不善社交的 新聞審查制度: censorship?filter objectionable content過濾不良內容, ?provide a safe and pleasant cyber environment 提供一個安全美好的網絡空間?invade one’s privacy侵犯隱私, ?deprive people of the freedom of speech剝奪人們言論自由, ?freedom of the press新聞自由?People are deprived of the freedom of speech.人們被剝奪了言論自由。

5.交通?Means of public transport: airplane, ship, cruises, ferry, coach, shuttle bus, light rail?mobility移動性?pedestrian行人?traffic conditions(worsen, deteriorate, go from bad to worse), 交通狀況惡化?traffic regulations/codes交通規則(obey遵守, violate違背), ?traffic congestions, traffic jams, ?heavy traffic擁擠的交通?light traffic比較暢通的交通, ?crowded street擁擠的道路?Cars dominate our roads.車輛占滿了我們的道路。vehicle車輛

Drink-driving酒后駕車 careless driving talking on a phone

觀點: ?adopt effective transport strategy采取有效的交通策略?traffic-calming measures減輕交通擁堵的措施?Relieve the pressure on traffic, 減輕交通方面的壓力?encourage people to use public transport, 鼓勵大家使用公交?carpool拼車?build more cycle lanes 自行車道, ?encourage Park and Ride 停車換乘?raise the price of fuels 提高油價?impose higher tax 征收高額的稅?Subsidise public transport 補貼公共交通?City council市政府?飛機：?No other means of transport can be compared with airplanes for its convenience and speed.6.食品 健康?healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式?sedentary lifestyle久坐的, ?an active lifestyle積極鍛煉的, ?excessive intake of…吃過多的。fast food快餐?convenience food方便食品?diabetes, diarrhea腹瀉, respiratory disease,?nutrition營養?balanced diet均衡的飲食?protein蛋白質,?vitamin維生素, ?fibre纖維?mineral礦物質, high in...canned food

incurable disease絕癥?depression抑郁癥?obesity肥胖癥-obese

overweight?stress-related diseases和壓力有關的疾病?therapy（非藥物）治療?treatment 治療?運動好處?Relieve=ease=alleviate 減輕stress?aerobic exercises有氧運動?vigorous有活力的?energetic經歷充沛的?refreshing提神的?refresh your mind and body 提神?train 4 your muscle肌肉?improve blood circulation血液循環?increase flexibility提高靈活性?drain 排出?cultivate stamina and persistence培養耐力和毅力?develop teamwork spirit 培養團隊合作精神?conduce to physical fitness身體健康?jeopardize= damage 危害 pesticide，genetic modification，genetically-modified food

7.犯罪,社會問題

criminal(offender)罪犯?commit crime犯罪, commit suicide ?robbery搶劫, murder謀殺, prostitution賣淫, gambling賭博, drug-dealing販毒, drug dealer, heroin, marijuana, ecstasy, ADD/ADHD drug

social security社會治安stability穩定?capital punishment, death penalty死刑, ?sentence(v.)to death 判死刑?deter crimes威懾?right to life生存權，breadwinner經濟支柱?rear a child養孩子?offense罪, offender罪犯, ?compulsory retirement 強制退休?nursery 托兒所?nursing house老人院?longer imprisonment 長期監禁

家庭問題/青少年問題?single-parent family單親家庭, ?extended family大家庭, ?minors未成年人, adolescent青春期的, ?sibling兄弟姊妹?Peer pressure 同輩人的壓力?foster, raise, bring up, rear a child撫養孩子, ?spoil溺愛, indulge放縱?run wild撒野, go astray走上歧途?juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪, ?obesity肥胖癥, depression抑郁癥, ?bullying恃強凌弱?absenteeism缺席(truancy, play truant)父母應該：?give proper parental guidance父母的引導?set example for children為孩子樹立榜樣?encourage 鼓勵?help build up confidence 幫助建立信心?motivate 鼓舞?discipline their children約束孩子?well-bred有教養的?learn how to behave themselves學會行為得體?act properly 行為得體

8.科技

technology-dependent依賴科技的, ?breakthrough of technology科技突破, technology innovation科技創新, ?innovative 創新的renovate v.up-to-date/ up-to-minute/cutting-edge最新的accelerate/speed up the pace of life 加速生活節奏?reshape our life重新塑造我們的生活?improve life quality提高生活質量?convenience方便?efficiency效率?telecommunication電訊?assembly line流水線?give people more leisure time給人們更多休閑時間, ?The development of technology has made it possible for people to do ?科技的發展使人們做。。成為可能?increase life expectancy 增加平均壽命?find cures for some diseases?transplant organ 移植器官?two-edge sword/weapon 雙刃劍?mass destruction weapons大規模殺傷性武器?chemical weapons化學武器 inspiration，inspire，promote space technology，heart pacemaker，freeze dried vegetables，microwave

9.全球化

cultural diversity文化多元化?cultural treasures文化寶藏?cross-cultural communication跨文化交流?cultural reconstruction文化重建?heritage遺產?achievements of art藝術成就?human civilization人類文明?mainstream culture主流文化?cultural traditions文化傳統?national pride民族自豪?local customs and practices風土人情?national identity and value民族特性和價值觀?venue場所?spread knowledge傳播知識?nurture imagination培養想象力、be closely interrelated with…與…有密切關系?cause irreversible damage造成不可逆轉的損失?remove prejudice and misunderstanding消除偏見和誤解

語言：?lesser-used languages 使用很少的語言?language acquisition 語言習得?linguistics 語言學?linguist 語言學家?on the verge of extinction 處在滅絕的邊緣?universal language 世界語?intellectual development 智力發展?grammatical rules語法規則?context 上下文?technical terms 專業術語?read between lines讀懂暗含的意思 解決游客過多的措施

There are various solutions to these problems.The first one is to limit tourist

numbers, because fewer visitors will result in less damage.Another solution is to enforce strict rules about which areas people can visit and what they can do when they get there.For example, special paths can be built and people can be forbidden to walk off the paths.

第三篇：高 級 工 個 人 總 結

高 級 工 個 人 總 結

歲月如梭，***年即將過去，新的一年即將來臨。回首這一年當中，在車間領導和同事的指導、關心和幫助下，使我學到了很多東西，讓我在思想、學習和工作等方面上都取得了新的進步提高。現總結如下：

在專業技能上，一年中我作為****操作崗位上一名高級工，我始終嚴格要求自己，平時能主動學習，切實掌握化工操作知識，特別是溶劑回收崗位操作上的操作專業知識，甲醇甲縮醛塔工藝點的控制，通過學習和平時自己從工作中積累經驗相結合，使自己的操作技能得到了很大的提升，配合班組做好提高甲醇甲縮醛回收率，降低消耗工作。09年本人利用車間每季度練兵考核這個機會，認真學習工廠各種文件制度，掌握本崗位最佳工藝控制指標，了解各類設備性能和相關保養知識，通過練兵提高了自身素質。在12月份中參加通過了壓力容器復證培訓考試。利用此機會使我掌握了許多知識，更新了特種設備知識，正確操作壓力容器。

安全上09年工作中在提高自身操作技能水平的同時，時刻在工作中牢固樹立“安全第一，預防為主”的思想，積極參加各種安全活動，學習安全知識和技能，積極參加班組的崗位開展反事故演練，來提高安全技術水平和應急能力，使自己在遇到同樣突發事件時能解決處理事情。嚴格執行安全操作規程和各項安全生產法令.法規及公司安全管理標準，嚴守工作崗位，嚴格遵守工藝紀律和勞動紀律，按規定穿戴勞動防護用品，愛護和正確使用安全生產裝置和防護器具，會

使用和保養崗位上的各種消防防護器材。做到班前講安全，班中查安全。交班按交班責任制交班，不違章作業，拒絕違章指令。做到不傷害自己，不傷害別人，不被人傷害。

在工作態度上，擺正自己的位置，求真務實，認真做好本職工作，工作積極主動，勤奮努力，盡職盡責。清楚認識到現場就是市場，保證本崗位的現場衛生清潔。同時做好本崗位設備維護保養工作，嚴格按設備“五定”要求執行，做到“三懂四會”，認真執行巡回檢查和交接班制度，嚴格按操作工藝規程進行操作。認真做好各類記錄，能發現問題并協助班長解決問題。配合班長做好班組管理工作。做個合格的技術員工。

回顧過去，展望未來。新的一年，我需及時的調整心態，保持一顆平和向上的心。只有這樣，才能持久的催促自己奮進前行。但我也認識到在這一年中自己的不足之處，對自己要求不高，解決事情發現問題的能力不夠全面，專業知識操作技能需進一步提高。今后的工作中，我將改正自己的不足之處，認真克服缺點，發揚優點，刻苦學習、勤奮工作，讓自己更出色，成為一名合格的高級工。

第四篇：雅思寫作常見順序詞,詞組

2)常見順序詞

有了主題句，接下來段落會按照一定的邏輯順序逐一列舉說明觀點，順序詞就像是每個觀點的路標，能夠讓考官更快地定位到關鍵內容，以下就是一些常見詞語供考生參考：

首先 First，Firstly, In the first place, To begin with, First of all

其次 Second, Secondly, In the second place

再次 Besides，In addition, Additionally, Moreover, Furthermore, What is more

最后 Finally, Above all, Lastly

也可以用一些句型來表示觀點的次序：

The most significant point is…

Another point to be noted is…

We cannot ignore the fact that…

在寫作時，可以將順序詞和句型混合搭配使用，以達到變化的目的。

3)常用詞組

記憶一些高頻出現的詞組是組建句子的捷徑，考生可以借助以下現成的詞組更好更快地寫出高質量的句子。

經濟的快速發展 the rapid development of economy

人民生活水平的顯著提高/穩步增長the remarkable improvement/steady growth of people’s living standard/living quality

先進的科學技術 advanced science and technology

面臨新的機遇和挑戰 be confronted/faced with new opportunities and challenges

普遍認為it is commonly/universally believed/recognized/acknowledged that…

社會發展的必然結果 the inevitable result of social development

引起了廣泛的公眾關注 arouse wide public concern/draw public attention

不可否認 It is undeniable/undoubted that…/There is no denying/doubt that…

熱烈的討論/爭論 a heated/fierce discussion/debate

有爭議性的問題 a controversial issue

就…達到絕對的一致 reach an absolute consensus/agreement on…

有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons

發揮著日益重要的作用 play/perform an increasingly important role in…

對…必不可少 be indispensable/essential/necessary to …

對…產生有利/不利的影響 exert positive/negative effects on…

利遠遠大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.導致，引起 lead to/give rise to/contribute to/result in

考慮到諸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration

從另一個角度 from another perspective

對…有益 be beneficial/conducive to…

為社會做貢獻 make contributions to the society

打下堅實的基礎 lay a solid foundation for…

應當承認 admittedly/it is admitted that

滿足需求 satisfy/meet the needs/demands of…

方便快捷靈活舒適 convenient, efficient, flexibility and comfort

在人類生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life

科技的飛速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology

對這一問題持有不同態度 hold different attitudes towards this issue

支持前/后種觀點的人 people/those in favor of the former/latter opinion

有/提供如下理由/證據 have/provide the following reasons/evidence

在一定程度上 to some extent/degree/in some way

…的必然趨勢 an irresistible trend of…

交流思想/情感/信息 exchange ideas/emotions/ information

跟上…的最新發展 keep pace with/catch up with/keep abreast with the latest development of …

采取有效措施來… take effective measures to do sth.對…觀點因人而異 Views on …vary from person to person.有直接/間接/緊密關系 be directly/indirectly/closely(tightly)related to…

優先考慮/發展… give(top)priority to sth.與…比較 compared with…/in comparison with

代替 replace/substitute/take the place of

增進相互了解 enhance/promote mutual understanding

保障社會的穩定和繁榮 guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society

適應社會發展 adapt oneself to the development of society

第五篇：雅思寫作

雅思寫作范文

Many old building are protected by law because they are part of a nation's history.However，some people think knocked down to make way for new ones because people need houses and offices.How important is it to maintain old buildings？ Should history stand in the way of progress？Old buildings sometimes conflicts with social advancement.Appealing as it is in the eyes of business people，tearing down old architect to make room for real-estate development is not a wise idea in many ways.The primarily reason is that old buildings，like our native language，forms our cultural identity and keep a unique record the history of a country.From this aspect，old buildings are considered very valuable as one of the symbols of the culture of a nation.For instance，the traditional Chinese residence in Beijing，Siheyuan，are once seen as the remains of the Old World，and were destroyed by people shortly after the founding of People's Republic of China.Until recently did the people and policy makers as well realize that it is an inexcusable and stupid idea to commit such a terrible deed because old buildings，once gone，are not restorable.But their economic values and aesthetic appeals have just caught the attention of Chinese people.Moreover，old buildings，if planed and preserved properly，could coexist with modern real-estate development.In France，aged buildings bring millions of dollars of revenue for the government and amazed thousands of tourists.Yet no one thinks the high-rising office buildings and apartment buildings make the old architect a sore of the eye.By contrast，the new learn from the old，a fact that makes them more attractive.We admit that not all old buildings should be treated equally and some of them do need to be torn down for various reasons such as safety and new buildings.However，we should not be too blind to see their value too.If only the real and practical factors are being considered，the country will be sorry for its loss in years to come.As we have discussed，old buildings are part of a country's history and are valuable in many ways.We should plan well and be wise enough to see their value.But the same time，we should also do our best to find solutions to make the old and the new coexist in harmony.