第一篇：專業(yè)舞臺(tái)燈光中英文對(duì)照表

專業(yè)舞臺(tái)燈光中英文對(duì)照表:

希望對(duì)大家有所幫助: 插座、插頭和其它連接物（電器連接）Sockets, plugs and other contacts

[electric connections]插頭、插座及其他接觸器（電接頭）Plugs, sockets and other contacts

[electric connections]表面覆有帶電導(dǎo)體的玻璃 Glass covered with an electrical conductor光學(xué)纖維（光導(dǎo)單纖維）Optical fibers [fibres] [light conducting filaments]螺線管閥（電磁開(kāi)關(guān)）Solenoid valves [electromagnetic switches]真空電子管（無(wú)線電）Vacuum tubes [radio]螺線管閥（電磁開(kāi)關(guān)）Valves(Solenoid –)[electromagnetic switches]方鉛晶體（檢波器）Galena crystals [detectors]光導(dǎo)絲（光學(xué)纖維）Light conducting filaments [optical fibers [fibres]]光電開(kāi)關(guān)（電器）Cell switches [electricity]扼流線圈（阻抗）Coils(Choking –)[impedance]貴重金屬電器插頭 Contacts, electric, of precious metal燈光調(diào)節(jié)器（電）Dimmers [regulators](Light –)[electric]配電控制臺(tái)（電）Distribution consoles [electricity]燈光調(diào)節(jié)器（電）Light dimmers [regulators] [electric]照明設(shè)備用鎮(zhèn)流器 Lighting ballasts電線接線器（電）Wire connectors [electricity]合金線（保險(xiǎn)絲）Wires of metal alloys [fuse wire]掃描燈及筒燈系列 scanner & barrel light扼流圈（阻抗）Choking coils [impedance]非照明用放電管 Discharge tubes, electric, other than for lighting磁性材料和器件 magnetism material and apparatus水銀整流器陰極 mercury rectifier cathode減壓器（電源）Reducers [electricity]調(diào)光器（電的）Regulators [dimmers](Light –)[electric]繼電器（電的）Relays, electric舞臺(tái)燈光調(diào)節(jié)器 Stage lighting regulators晶體管（電子）Transistors [electronic]非照明用放電管 Tubes(Electric discharge –), other than for lighting電感應(yīng)圈支架 Coils(Holders for electric –)控制板（電）Control panels [electricity]配電盤(pán)（電）Distribution boards [electricity]配電箱（電）Distribution boxes [electricity]高低壓開(kāi)關(guān)板 height voltage swith plank電感應(yīng)圈支架 Holders for electric coils逆變器（電）Inverters [electricity]接線盒（電）Junction boxes

[electricity]電動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)備 Regulating apparatus, electric接線柱（電）Terminals

[electricity]熱離子燈和管 Thermionic lamps and tubes自動(dòng)定時(shí)開(kāi)關(guān) Time switches, automatic變壓器（電）Transformers [electricity]晶片（鍺片）Wafers [silicon slices]

第二篇：紐扣的專業(yè)中英文對(duì)照表

關(guān)于紐扣的專業(yè)中英文對(duì)照

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2008-12-17 11:43:07 發(fā)布人：中國(guó)服裝輔料網(wǎng)

Coconutbuttons椰子紐扣 Glassbuttons

Hornbuttons

Jeansbuttons

Metalbuttons

Plasticbuttons

Shellbuttons

Snapbuttons

Woodenbuttons

玻璃紐扣 角質(zhì)紐扣 牛仔紐扣 金屬紐扣 塑料紐扣 貝殼紐扣 按扣 木質(zhì)紐扣

第三篇：襪子專業(yè)用語(yǔ)中英文對(duì)照表

襪子專業(yè)用語(yǔ)中英文對(duì)照表

英文對(duì)中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)比較難,都是形式英語(yǔ),今天做為靜脈曲張襪的行業(yè)網(wǎng)站就給大家介紹用英語(yǔ)表述一些襪子的專業(yè)用語(yǔ)。比如靜脈曲張襪主要材質(zhì)是：萊卡Lycra,氨綸polyurethane/spandex/lycra。絲襪透明絲襪sheer,長(zhǎng)統(tǒng)絲襪panty-hose,少絲、單絲missingyarn,抽絲laddering,長(zhǎng)絲ContinuousFilament絲光Mercerized,鞘形紗Core

英文對(duì)中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)比較難,都是形式英語(yǔ),今天做為靜脈曲張襪的行業(yè)網(wǎng)站就給大家介紹用英語(yǔ)表述一些襪子的專業(yè)用語(yǔ)。比如靜脈曲張襪主要材質(zhì)是：萊卡 Lycra,氨綸 polyurethane/spandex/lycra。

絲襪

透明絲襪 sheer,長(zhǎng)統(tǒng)絲襪 panty-hose,少絲、單絲 missing yarn,抽絲 laddering,長(zhǎng)絲 Continuous Filament絲光 Mercerized ,鞘形紗 Core-Spun Yarn,網(wǎng)眼襪 Nets,網(wǎng)眼 mesh, 光棉 mercerizedcotton ,包芯紗 Covered Yarn,彩色金屬絲 Metallic Yarn,尼龍拉伸變形絲 DTY nylon ,單孔絲 Monofilament Yarn,長(zhǎng)絲 filament,尼龍彈力絲 stretchnylon,天絲 tencel,（人造絲）rayon ,蠶絲襪子 Silk,亮絲 lame,絹絲 spun silk

醫(yī)用彈力襪

醫(yī)療襪 Therapeutic ,連褲襪 pantyhose,中統(tǒng)（筒）襪 high socks,長(zhǎng)統(tǒng)（筒）襪 Stocking,九分褲 spats,短統(tǒng)襪 sock panel,襪套(腿與襪子之間)Boot Liner,糖尿病/關(guān)節(jié)炎襪 Diabetic/Arthritic Sock,齊膝襪 Knee-Highs,翻口短襪 Cuffed,彈力襪 Stretch Socks.功能絲襪

運(yùn)動(dòng)襪 Athletic Socks,睡襪 Bed,休閑襪 Casuals,男士半腿襪 Crew Socks,自行車襪 Cycling,男士花式襪 Fancies,滑雪襪 Ski Sock,跑步襪 Running,學(xué)生襪 Slouch Sock,船襪 Low cut =slipper socks,短襪socks,船襪 Footsocks=sneakers,高爾夫球襪 Golf,舒適護(hù)腿襪 Graduated Support,發(fā)熱襪 Thermal Socks,狩獵襪 Hunting,護(hù)膝 leg warmers Knee Warmers

襪子單位

旦尼爾(細(xì)度單位)Denier,襪腳 foot, 直統(tǒng)、無(wú)跟 tuble,襪跟 heel,尺寸表 size chart口長(zhǎng) length of top

統(tǒng)長(zhǎng) boot length尺碼 size

統(tǒng)寬 boot width底長(zhǎng) sole length

橫密 coursewise density底寬 sole width

橫拉 coursewise extension線圈密度 stitch density

卷邊性 edge-rolling縱密 walewise density

高跟高 height of reinforced heel直拉 walewise extension

脫散性 laddering口寬 width of top

第四篇：中國(guó)商標(biāo)法專業(yè)詞匯中英文對(duì)照表

商標(biāo)法專業(yè)詞匯中英文對(duì)照表

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)第三十次會(huì)議

the 30th Session of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress 商標(biāo)注冊(cè) trademark registration 商標(biāo)注冊(cè)的審查和核準(zhǔn) examination and approval of trademark registration 注冊(cè)商標(biāo)的續(xù)展、轉(zhuǎn)讓和使用許可 renewal, assignment and licensing of registered trademarks 注冊(cè)商標(biāo)爭(zhēng)議的裁定 the determination of disputes concerning registered trademarks 商標(biāo)使用的管理 the administration of the use of the trademarks 注冊(cè)商標(biāo)專用權(quán)的保護(hù) the protection of the Right to Exclusive Use of a registered trademark 總則 general provisions 附則 supplementary provisions 10.生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營(yíng)者 the producers and operators 11.社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) the Socialist market economy 12.國(guó)務(wù)院工商行政管理部門商標(biāo)局 the Trademark Office of the administrative department for industry and commerce under the State Council 13.商標(biāo)評(píng)審委員會(huì) the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board 14.商品商標(biāo) the commodity trademark 服務(wù)商標(biāo) the service trademark 集體商標(biāo) the collective trademark

證明商標(biāo) the certification trademark 15.商標(biāo)注冊(cè)人享有商標(biāo)專用權(quán)，受法律保護(hù) the trademark registrants shall be entitled to the right to exclusive use of their trademarks and protected by law.16.(重復(fù)前面提到的)該組織

the said organization 17.監(jiān)督能力 the supervising power 18.限期提出答辯 to reply within the specified period 19.該組織以外的單位或者個(gè)人 the units and individuals apart from the said organizations 20.自然人、法人或者其他組織對(duì)其生產(chǎn)、制造、加工、揀選或者經(jīng)銷的商品，需要取得商標(biāo)專用權(quán)的，應(yīng)當(dāng)向商標(biāo)局申請(qǐng)商品商標(biāo)注冊(cè)。Any natural person, legal person and other organization that needs to acquire the right to exclusive use of the trademark for the commodities it produces, manufactures, processes, selects or markets shall file an application for commodity trademark registration with the Trademark Office.21.適用于…,對(duì)….有適用性

be applicable to 22.共同享有和行使該商標(biāo)專用權(quán) to enjoy and exercise the right to exclusive use of their trademark jointly 23.關(guān)于、至于 with respect to / in respect of 24.國(guó)家規(guī)定必須使用注冊(cè)商標(biāo)的商品 the commodities that the State has designated as requiring the use of a registered trademark

25.各級(jí)工商行政管理部門 the administrative departments for industry and commerce at all levels 26.欺騙消費(fèi)者的行為 practices that deceives the customers 27.有顯著特征，便于識(shí)別 have distinctive characteristics easy to identify 28.中央國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān) the central government agencies 29.標(biāo)志性建筑物 the symbol buildings 30.與…相同或相近的be identical with or similar to …

31.不易誤導(dǎo)公眾的商標(biāo) trademarks unlikely to mislead the public 32.帶有民族歧視性的 trademarks having the nature of discrimination against any nationality

33.夸大宣傳并帶有欺騙性的商標(biāo) trademarks that constituting exaggerated advertising and are deceitful 34.有害于社會(huì)主義道德風(fēng)尚或者有其他不良影響的商標(biāo) trademarks detrimental to socialist morality and 1 customs, or having other harmful influences 35.縣級(jí)以上行政區(qū)劃 the administrative districts at the level of county or above 36.馳名商標(biāo) the well-known trademark 37.委托人/被代理人

the principal 38.被代表人

the represented 39.提出異議 raise an opposition 40.已經(jīng)善意取得注冊(cè)的繼續(xù)有效 trademarks that have been registered in good faith shall continue to be valid 41.人文因素 human cultural factors 42.對(duì)等原則 the principle of reciprocity 43.一國(guó)和中華人民共和國(guó)簽訂的協(xié)議或者共同參加的國(guó)際條約 any agreement concluded between a foreign country and PRC, or any international treaty to which both countries are parties 44.委托國(guó)家認(rèn)可的具有商標(biāo)代理資格的組織代理 to entrust an organization certified by the Chinese Government as having the qualification for trademark agency to act on its behalf 45.商品類別和商品名稱 the class and the designation of the commodities 46.變更申請(qǐng) an application to make the change 47.相互承認(rèn)優(yōu)先權(quán)的原則 the principle of mutual acknowledgement of the right of priority 48.書(shū)面聲明 a written declaration 49.中國(guó)政府主辦的或者承認(rèn)的國(guó)際展覽會(huì) any international exhibition sponsored or acknowledged by the Chinese Government 50.符合…，與…一致

in conformity with

51.初步審定 make a preliminary examination and approval of sth.52.予以公告

publicly announce sth.53.向人民法院起訴 file an action to the people’s court / bring a suit before a people’s court/ to institute legal proceedings in people’s court 54.控告某人 to bring an action against sb.55.做出裁定 make a ruling 56.生效 to take effect 57.異議成立 the opposition is upheld [uphold 維持，批準(zhǔn) e.g.: The judge upheld the lower court's decision.] 58.公告期滿 the period of public announcement expires 59.通知當(dāng)事人 to notify the parties 60.注冊(cè)商標(biāo)的有效期為十年，自核準(zhǔn)注冊(cè)之日起計(jì)算 the period of validity of a registered trademark shall be 10 years, counted from the day the registration is approved.61.轉(zhuǎn)讓人 the assignors 受讓人 the assignees 62.授權(quán)，批準(zhǔn) to authorize 許可人 the licensors 被許可人the licensees 63.商標(biāo)使用許可合同應(yīng)當(dāng)報(bào)商標(biāo)局備案 the trademark licensing contract shall be submitted to the Trademark Office for the archivist purpose.64.不正當(dāng)手段 the illicit means 65.對(duì)惡意注冊(cè)的，馳名商標(biāo)所有人不受五年的時(shí)間限制 the owner of a well-known trademark shall not be subject to the limit of 5 years to request the revocation of bad-faith registration.66.限期提出答辯 to reply within the specified period 67.商標(biāo)裁定程序 the trademark ruling proceedings 68.責(zé)令限期改正 to order rectification of the situation within a specified period 69.自行…的（未經(jīng)允許的…）without authorization 2 70.連續(xù)三年 three consecutive years 71.粗制濫造，以次充好的商品 crudely manufactured commodities that are passed off as being of high quality 72.予以通報(bào)或者處以罰款 to circulate a notice on the matter or impose a fine 73.冒充注冊(cè)商標(biāo) to falsely represent a trademark as being a registered one 74.遵守規(guī)定，履行決定

to comply with a decision 75.強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行 a compulsory enforcement of(the decision)76.侵犯注冊(cè)商標(biāo)專用權(quán) be an infringement upon the right to exclusive use / infringe upon the right to exclusive use 77.侵權(quán)行為成立 an infringement is constituted 78.沒(méi)收、銷毀侵權(quán)商品 to confiscate and destroy the infringing commodities 79.《中華人民共和國(guó)行政訴訟法》the Administrative Procedure Law of the PRC 80.《中華人民共和國(guó)民事訴訟法》the Civil Procedure Law of the PRC 81.就賠償數(shù)額進(jìn)行調(diào)解 to conduct mediation over the amount of compensation for sth.82.有權(quán)依法查處 to have the right to investigate into and punish the acts…

83.涉嫌犯罪的行為，應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)移送司法機(jī)關(guān)依法處理 if a crime is suspected to be constituted, the case shall be promptly transferred to the judicial departments for handling according to law.84.違法嫌疑證據(jù)或者舉報(bào) the evidence for suspicion of illegal acts or the report made by other people 85.行使下列職權(quán)

to exercise the following powers 86.調(diào)查有關(guān)情況 to investigate the information relating to …

87.查閱有關(guān)的合同、發(fā)票、賬簿以及其他有關(guān)資料 to consult the contracts, vouchers, account books and other relevant materials 88.實(shí)施現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢查 to conduct on-spot examination 89.查封或者扣押 to seal up or seize the relevant articles 90.通過(guò)…所獲得的利益 the proceeds obtained from … 91.由于…所受到的損失

the losses suffered by …

92.根據(jù)侵權(quán)行為的情節(jié) according to the circumstances of the infringing acts 93.承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任 to bear the liability for compensation 94.難以彌補(bǔ)的損害 irreparable damages 95.財(cái)產(chǎn)查封 attachment of property 96.責(zé)令停止有關(guān)行為和財(cái)產(chǎn)保全的措施 an order of the measures for stopping relevant acts and for attachment 97.保全證據(jù) to preserve the evidence

98.裁定立即開(kāi)始執(zhí)行 the ruling shall be executed immediately 99.提供擔(dān)保 to provide security 100.駁回申請(qǐng) to reject the application 101.解除保全措施 discharge the measures for preservation 102.依法追究刑事責(zé)任 to investigate into for the criminal responsibilities according to law 103.國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)工作人員必須秉公執(zhí)法，廉潔自律，忠于職守，文明服務(wù) the functionaries of state organs must handle the cases justly, be incorruptible and self-disciplined, be devoted to their duties and serve in a courteous and honest way 104.從事…活動(dòng) to undertake the activities of …

105.建立健全內(nèi)部監(jiān)督制度 to establish and improve the internal supervision system 106.玩忽職守 to neglect one’s duties 濫用職權(quán) to abuse one’s powers 徇私舞弊 to practice favoritism / to engage in malpractice for personal gain 3 107.牟取不正當(dāng)利益 to seek improper profits 108.給予行政處分 give sb.administrative punishment 109.生效，（法律、法規(guī)）施行 go into effect / enter into force 110.同時(shí)廢止 to be repealed simultaneously 111.公布法律條例 to promulgate a law / regulation 112.《中華人民共和國(guó)商標(biāo)法》the Trademark Law of the PRC

第五篇：市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷專業(yè)詞匯中英文對(duì)照表2

第2部分：

maintenance strategy 保持戰(zhàn)略 management overhead 管理費(fèi) mandatory adaptation 強(qiáng)制性適應(yīng) manufacturer brand 制造商/全國(guó)性品牌 manufacturers' agents/representatives 生產(chǎn)商的代理商/銷售代表

manufacturers' export agents(MEA)制造商出口代理

manufacturers' sales offices/branches 生產(chǎn)商的銷售辦事處/分支機(jī)構(gòu)

market aggregation strategy 整體市場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)略 market attractiveness factors 市場(chǎng)吸引力因素

market attractiveness 市場(chǎng)吸引力

market attractiveness/business position matrix 市場(chǎng)吸引力/業(yè)務(wù)地位矩陣 market circumstances 市場(chǎng)環(huán)境

market demorgraphics 市場(chǎng)人口分布/統(tǒng)計(jì)特征

market dimension 市場(chǎng)量度 market entry strategies 市場(chǎng)進(jìn)入戰(zhàn)略 market exclusion 市場(chǎng)排斥

market expansion strategy 市場(chǎng)擴(kuò)張戰(zhàn)略 market factors 市場(chǎng)因素 market growth rate 市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)率 market hirarchy 市場(chǎng)等級(jí) market inclusion 市場(chǎng)納入 market measurement 市場(chǎng)測(cè)量

market opportunity analysis 市場(chǎng)機(jī)會(huì)分析 market position factors 市場(chǎng)地位因素 market positioning analysis 市場(chǎng)定位分析 market potential measurements 市場(chǎng)潛力測(cè)度

market segment 細(xì)分市場(chǎng) market segmentation 市場(chǎng)細(xì)分 market targeting 目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)選擇

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marketability 市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓能力 market-entry strategies 市場(chǎng)進(jìn)入戰(zhàn)略 marketing action plan 營(yíng)銷行動(dòng)計(jì)劃 marketing audit 營(yíng)銷審計(jì) marketing channel 營(yíng)銷渠道

marketing codes of conduct 營(yíng)銷行為規(guī)范 marketing communication 營(yíng)銷溝通/傳播 marketing concept 營(yíng)銷觀念 marketing control 營(yíng)銷控制

marketing decision support systems(MDSS)營(yíng)銷決策支持系統(tǒng)

marketing environment audit 營(yíng)銷環(huán)境審計(jì) marketing flows and functions 營(yíng)銷過(guò)程和職能

marketing function area audit 營(yíng)銷功能領(lǐng)域的 審計(jì)

marketing implications of 對(duì)營(yíng)銷的影響 marketing information system 營(yíng)銷信息系統(tǒng) marketing institutions 營(yíng)銷機(jī)構(gòu) marketing management 營(yíng)銷管理 marketing message 營(yíng)銷信息 marketing mix 營(yíng)銷組合 marketing policy 營(yíng)銷策略

marketing productivity area audit 營(yíng)銷生產(chǎn)力領(lǐng)域的審計(jì)

marketing program components 營(yíng)銷計(jì)劃內(nèi)容

marketing program 營(yíng)銷計(jì)劃/方案 marketing relationship 營(yíng)銷關(guān)系 marketing research 營(yíng)銷研究 marketing strategy 營(yíng)銷戰(zhàn)略

market-management organizational structure 市場(chǎng)管理組織結(jié)構(gòu)

mark-up price 產(chǎn)品/溢價(jià)價(jià)格 Marlboro 萬(wàn)寶路 Marriott Hotel 萬(wàn)豪酒店 mass-market penetration strategy 大規(guī)模市場(chǎng)滲透戰(zhàn)略

mass-market strategy 大市場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)略 matrix organizational structure 矩陣組織結(jié)構(gòu)

Matsushita 日本松下電子

mature conformists 成熟的隨大流者 mature markets 成熟市場(chǎng)

mature stage of product life cycle 產(chǎn)品生命周期的成熟階段 McDonald's 麥當(dāng)勞

McDonnell Douglas 麥道公司 MCI電訊公司（前世界通信公司）MDSS(Marketing-Decision Support System)市場(chǎng)決策支持系統(tǒng) measurability 可測(cè)度性 measure or index 測(cè)量指標(biāo) measurement criteria 計(jì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) media audiences 媒體受眾

medical and health services 醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù) Medico Containment Services memory of consumers 消費(fèi)者記憶 Mercedes-Benz 梅賽德斯-奔馳

Mercer Management Consulting 美國(guó)美智管理顧問(wèn)公司 merchandising 推銷

merchant middlemen 國(guó)內(nèi)貿(mào)易中間商 merchant wholesalers 商業(yè)批發(fā)商 message structure 信息結(jié)構(gòu) Michael Porter 邁克爾-波特 micro risks 微觀風(fēng)險(xiǎn) microsegmentatioin 微觀細(xì)分

Miller Tyding ACT, USA 米勒·泰丁法案 minging 礦業(yè)

Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing 2 / 10

Company(3M)明尼蘇達(dá)礦業(yè)和制造公司 Minolta 美能達(dá)

miscellaneous sources 多方面來(lái)源 mission 宗旨

missionary selling 推銷式銷售 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 三菱重工 modified rebuy 調(diào)整再購(gòu)

monosegment positioning 單一細(xì)分市場(chǎng)定位

Monsanto 孟山都農(nóng)業(yè)生物技術(shù)公司 moral appeals 倫理/道德訴求 morals 道德 Motorola 摩托羅拉

multichannel distribution 多渠道分銷 multidimensional scaling 多維等級(jí)法 multilevel selling 多級(jí)銷售

multinational coporations(MNCs)跨國(guó)公司 multiple test markets 多測(cè)試市場(chǎng) multiple-brand strategy 多品牌戰(zhàn)略 multiple-factor index 多因素指數(shù)法 multisegment positioning 多重細(xì)分市場(chǎng)定位national account management 全國(guó)性客戶管理

national market 國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)

National Semiconductor 美國(guó)國(guó)家半導(dǎo)體公司

net sales 凈銷售額

network computer(NC)網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)算機(jī) new business selling 新業(yè)務(wù)銷售 new buy 購(gòu)入新產(chǎn)品 new entrants 新進(jìn)入者

New Prod screening model 新普羅德篩選模型

new-product ideas 新產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)意 Newsweek 《新聞周刊》

new-task buying 全新采購(gòu)

new-to-the-world products 世界性新產(chǎn)品 niche penetration strategy 壁龕/機(jī)會(huì)市場(chǎng)滲透戰(zhàn)略

niche-market strategy 壁龕市場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)略 no-brand brand name 無(wú)品牌的品牌名稱 no-frills product 無(wú)虛飾產(chǎn)品

noise in communication system 傳播系統(tǒng)中的噪音

non-financial rewards 非物質(zhì)性獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)措施 non-probability sampling 非概率抽樣 non-store retailing 無(wú)店鋪零售業(yè) number of stockouts 遲滯數(shù)目 object-and-task method of promotion budgeting 目標(biāo)-任務(wù)促銷預(yù)算法 objectives and strategy area audit 目標(biāo)與戰(zhàn)略領(lǐng)域的審計(jì) objectives 具體目標(biāo) observation 觀察法

occupancy costs 房屋占用成本 occupation/position 職業(yè)/職位 odd pricing 奇/余數(shù)定價(jià)法 oeverall quality 總體質(zhì)量

off-invoice discounts 發(fā)票之外的折扣 offsets 抵消交易 on-air testing 廣播測(cè)試

OPEC(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)歐佩克（石油輸出國(guó)組織）opening relationships 建立關(guān)系 operating supplies 生產(chǎn)供應(yīng)品 operational excellence 運(yùn)作管理水平opinion leaders 意見(jiàn)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者 opportunity cost 機(jī)會(huì)成本 opportunity identification 機(jī)會(huì)識(shí)別 opportunity/threat matrix 機(jī)會(huì)/威脅矩陣

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order cycle time 訂貨周期 order processing 訂單處理 organisational level 組織層次

organizaitonal requirement planning 組織需求計(jì)劃

organization area audit 組織領(lǐng)域的審計(jì) organization buying center 組織采購(gòu)中心 organizational customer 組織顧客 organizational direct selling 組織直銷 organizational markets 組織市場(chǎng) organizational purchasing 組織采購(gòu) organzational structure 組織結(jié)構(gòu) outdoor enthusiasts 戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)愛(ài)好者 out-of-home media 戶外廣告媒體 overall cost leadership 全面成本領(lǐng)先 overheads 日常開(kāi)支

ownership of new product 新產(chǎn)品所有權(quán) panel of experts 專家小組 parentage 淵源

parties involved 交換中的各方 payment terms 支付條款 pay-off control 支出控制 penetration pricing 滲透定價(jià)

perceived customer value 顧客感知價(jià)值 perceived quality 感知到的質(zhì)量 perceived value 感知到的價(jià)值 percentage of sales promotion budgeting method 銷售額百分比促銷預(yù)算法 perceptions of consumers 消費(fèi)者感知/理解 perceptual(product)pisitioning 感知（產(chǎn)品）定位

perceptual map 感知圖

perceptual organization 感知組織 perceptual vigilance 感性的警惕 performance dimension 業(yè)績(jī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) performance evaluation 業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)估 performance measures 表現(xiàn)/業(yè)績(jī)測(cè)度 performance objective 績(jī)效目標(biāo) performance standards 績(jī)效標(biāo)準(zhǔn) performance 功能 perishability 非持久性 personal selling 人員推銷 personal sources 個(gè)人的信息來(lái)源 personnel development 人力資源開(kāi)發(fā) pharmaceuticals industry 醫(yī)藥行業(yè) physical(product)positioning 物理（產(chǎn)品）定位

physical descriptors 物理變量 physical distribution 實(shí)物分銷 Pillsbury 皮爾斯博瑞 place utility 地點(diǎn)效用

planning and control system area audit 計(jì)劃與控制系統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域的審計(jì)

point of sale information 銷售點(diǎn)信息 point-of-purhcase(POP)promotion 采購(gòu)點(diǎn)促銷

point-of-sales(POS)data 銷售點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù) pontificator 保守派 popularity 通用性 population trends 人口趨勢(shì)

portfolio models for resource allocation 資源配置的資產(chǎn)組合模式

position intensity 地位集中程度 possession utility 擁有效用

post-purchase dissonance 購(gòu)買后的不協(xié)調(diào) post-purchase evaluation 購(gòu)買后評(píng)估 power in distribution 分銷權(quán)力 power of buyers 購(gòu)買者能力 power of suppliers 供應(yīng)商能力 predatory pricing 掠奪性定價(jià)法

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pre-empting scarce resources 先占稀缺資源 preferential treatment 特惠待遇 premiums 額外獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)

present competitors 現(xiàn)有的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者 presenting sales message 提供銷售信息 pre-test market research 測(cè)試前市場(chǎng)研究 price discrimination 價(jià)格歧視

price elasticity of demand 需求的價(jià)格彈性 price fixing 價(jià)格設(shè)定 price leaders 價(jià)格領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者 price lining 價(jià)格排列定價(jià)法 price/earnings ration 價(jià)格/收益比 price-off promotions 降價(jià)促銷 price-setting process 定價(jià)過(guò)程 pricing adjustments 定價(jià)調(diào)整 primary demand 基本需求 primary sources 第一類/主要數(shù)據(jù) print media 印刷媒體

private/for-profit organization 私營(yíng)/盈利性組織

PRIZM(Potential Rating Index for Zip Markets)按郵政區(qū)劃為基礎(chǔ)的潛力等級(jí)指數(shù)

proactive new-product development strategy 進(jìn)取型新產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)戰(zhàn)略 probability sampling 概率抽樣 problem formulation 界定問(wèn)題 problem identificatioin 確定問(wèn)題 process management 過(guò)程管理 Procter & Gamble(P&G)寶潔公司 product availability 產(chǎn)品的可獲得性 product category 產(chǎn)品類別 product class 產(chǎn)品類別 product decisions 產(chǎn)品決策 product design 產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì) product dimension or attributes 產(chǎn)品維度/屬性

product evolution 產(chǎn)品演變 product features 產(chǎn)品特征 product intent share 產(chǎn)品傾向份額 product leadership 產(chǎn)品領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力 product life cycle(PLC)產(chǎn)品生命周期 product life cycle curve 產(chǎn)品生命周期曲線 product manager audit 產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理審計(jì) product offering 供應(yīng)品

product organizaiton of salesforce 按產(chǎn)品組織銷售隊(duì)伍

product policies 產(chǎn)品策略 product scope 產(chǎn)品范圍 product space 產(chǎn)品位置 product systems 產(chǎn)品體系 product type 產(chǎn)品類型 product usage 產(chǎn)品用途

product(ion)-oriented organization 產(chǎn)品/生產(chǎn)導(dǎo)向型組織

product-line pricing adjustments 產(chǎn)品線定價(jià)調(diào)整

product-management organizational structure 產(chǎn)品管理組織結(jié)構(gòu)

product-market entry control 產(chǎn)品－市場(chǎng)進(jìn)入控制

product-related behavioral descriptors 與產(chǎn)品相關(guān)的行為變量

product's market characteristics 產(chǎn)品的市場(chǎng)特征

product-use testing 產(chǎn)品使用測(cè)試 pro-environment 環(huán)保

profit impact of market strategy(PIMS)市場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)略的利潤(rùn)影響

profitability analysis 盈利性分析 profitability 盈利性/盈利能力

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profitable survivor strategy 有利可圖的生存者戰(zhàn)略

project-company resource compatibility 項(xiàng)目與公司資源的協(xié)調(diào)性

projected profit-and-loss statement 預(yù)計(jì)損益表

projective tests 投影測(cè)試 promotion decisions 促銷決策 promotion mix 促銷組合 promotion policies 促銷策略 promotional allowance 促銷折讓 promotional effort 促銷努力 promotional pricing 促銷定價(jià) promptness 及時(shí)性

propector strategy 探索型戰(zhàn)略 prospecting for customers 尋找顧客 psychographics 心理統(tǒng)計(jì)特征 psychological cost 心理成本 psychological pricing 心理定價(jià)法 public utilities 公共設(shè)施 publicity 公共宣傳

pull strategy for control of distribution channels 分銷渠道控制的拉式戰(zhàn)略 pupil dilation 瞳孔擴(kuò)張

purchase predisposition 購(gòu)買傾向 purchasing agent 采購(gòu)代理

purchasing power perity(PPP)購(gòu)買力平價(jià)指數(shù)

push money/spiffs 傭金

push stragtegy for control of distribution channels 分銷渠道控制的推式戰(zhàn)略 qualifying prospects 審查潛在顧客資格 quality dimensions 質(zhì)量維度 quantity discount 數(shù)量折扣 question marks 問(wèn)題類 questioning 詢問(wèn)法 quotas 定額

R & D expenditure 研究開(kāi)發(fā)戰(zhàn)略 race and ethnic origin 種族和民族 rack jobbers 供應(yīng)超級(jí)市場(chǎng)的批發(fā)商 rank ordering 排序 rate of adoption 采購(gòu)率

rate-of-return/target return pricing 回報(bào)率/目標(biāo)回報(bào)定價(jià)法

rational appeals 理性訴求 rationale 基本原理

reactive and proactive responses 反應(yīng)及前攝策略

reactive new-product development strategy reactor strategy 反應(yīng)型戰(zhàn)略 rebates 回扣 recall tests 記憶測(cè)試 receiver 接收者 reciprocity 利益互惠

recognition of problem/need 發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題/需求 recognition tests 認(rèn)知測(cè)試 recreation 娛樂(lè)業(yè)

recruitment and selection 招聘與選拔 recycling of packaging 包裝回收（利用）reference group 參照群體 referent power 參照權(quán) refocus 鞏固 refunds 退款

refusal to deal 拒絕經(jīng)營(yíng) regression analysis 回歸分析法 regulation 管制

related/concentric diversification 相關(guān)/同心多元化

relational VMSs 相關(guān)式垂直營(yíng)銷系統(tǒng) relative attractiveness of declining markets 衰 6 / 10

退市場(chǎng)的相對(duì)吸引力

relative market potential 相對(duì)市場(chǎng)潛力 relative market share 相對(duì)市場(chǎng)份額 reliability 可靠性

repeat purchase behavior 重復(fù)購(gòu)買行為 repetition 重復(fù)

repositionings 重新定位產(chǎn)品 requirements planning 需求計(jì)劃 reseller 中間商

resident buyers 常駐采購(gòu)員

resource allocation/deployment 資源配置 response strategies 反應(yīng)策略 response to communication 傳播響應(yīng) responsive strategy 反應(yīng)型新產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)戰(zhàn)略 responsiveness 響應(yīng)性

retail coverage strategy 零售范圍戰(zhàn)略 Retail Index 零售指數(shù) retail sales 零售額

retailer co-operatives 零售商合作社 retailer 零售商

retailing trends 零售趨勢(shì)

Return on Equity(ROE)權(quán)益回報(bào)率 Return on Investment(ROI)投資回報(bào)率 Return on Net Assets(RONA)凈資產(chǎn)回報(bào)率

reverse engineering 反向工程 reward systems 獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)系統(tǒng) rivalry determinants 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)決定因素 rivalry 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手 roster 名冊(cè)

sales agents 銷售代理商

sales analysis by customer 顧客銷售分析 sales analysis by order size 訂貨規(guī)模的銷售分析

sales analysis by product 產(chǎn)品銷售分析 sales analysis by territory 區(qū)域銷售分析 sales forcasting 銷售預(yù)測(cè) sales force estimates 銷售人員估計(jì) sales force size 銷售隊(duì)伍規(guī)模 sales force 銷售隊(duì)伍 sales forecasting 銷售預(yù)測(cè) sales management 銷售管理 sales organization 銷售組織

sales personnel incentives 銷售人員激勵(lì) sales personnel 銷售人員 sales potential 銷售潛力 sales territory 銷售地區(qū) sales trends 銷售趨勢(shì)

sales/price reduction 銷售/價(jià)格下降 sample design 樣本設(shè)計(jì) sample size 樣本大小 sampling 抽樣 sampling 提供樣品 scale efficiency 規(guī)模效率 scaled measures 比例測(cè)度 scoring models 評(píng)判模型 screening of ideas 創(chuàng)意篩選 sealed bidding 招標(biāo)

secondary sources 第二類/次要數(shù)據(jù) second-but-better new-product development strategy 后者居上型新產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)戰(zhàn)略 security 證券業(yè)

segmentation and targeting 細(xì)分與目標(biāo)選擇 segmentation criteria 細(xì)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) segmentation descriptors 市場(chǎng)細(xì)分變量 selective demand 選擇性需求 selective distribution 選擇分銷 selective exposure 選擇性接觸 selective perception 選擇性感知/理解 selective retention 選擇性保留

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self-employed person 獨(dú)立經(jīng)營(yíng)的個(gè)人 self-managing teams 自我管理團(tuán)隊(duì) self-oriented 自我導(dǎo)向型 selling groups 銷售團(tuán)隊(duì)

selling proposition 銷售計(jì)劃/提議 selling 推銷/銷售

service guarantees 服務(wù)保證 serviceability 服務(wù)能力 serviceability 適用性 services channels 服務(wù)渠道 servicing products 服務(wù)產(chǎn)品 servicing the account 客戶服務(wù) setting quotas 確定定額 shake-out stage 動(dòng)蕩階段

shared programs/facilities 分享計(jì)劃/設(shè)備 share-growth strategies for followers 追隨者的市場(chǎng)份額增長(zhǎng)戰(zhàn)略 shareholder value 股東價(jià)值 share-maintenance 份額保持 Sherman Act, USA 美國(guó)謝爾曼法案 signal vehicle/carrier 信號(hào)載體 simulated test marketing 模擬市場(chǎng)測(cè)試 single-factor index 單因素指數(shù)法 single-line mass-merchandiser stores 單一類型產(chǎn)品專營(yíng)連鎖店

skimming and early withdrawal 撇脂與盡早撤離戰(zhàn)略

skimming pricing 撇脂定價(jià)法

sleepwalker/contented underachievers 夢(mèng)游者/很容易滿足的人

slotting allowance 安置津貼 social acceptability 社會(huì)可接受性 social class 社會(huì)階層 social objectives 社會(huì)目標(biāo)

sociocultural environment 社會(huì)文化環(huán)境 soft goods 非耐用品 soft technology 軟技術(shù)

sole ownership entry strategy 獨(dú)享所有權(quán)的進(jìn)入戰(zhàn)略

source credibility 信息來(lái)源的可信度 source 廣告信息來(lái)源

sources of new-product ideas 新產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)意來(lái)源

speciality goods 特殊品 speciality retailers 專營(yíng)零售商 speciality stores 專營(yíng)商店 specialization 專門化

Standard Industrial Classification(SIC)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工業(yè)分類代碼

standardization strategy 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化戰(zhàn)略 standby positioning 備用定位 staple goods 日常用品

statement of job qualifications 工作要求說(shuō)明stock levels 庫(kù)存水平

stockless purchase arrangement 無(wú)存貨采購(gòu)計(jì)劃

store brands 零售商品牌

straight commission compensation plan 純傭金制薪酬方案

straight rebuy 直接再購(gòu)

straight salary compensation plan 純薪金制薪酬方案

strategic control 戰(zhàn)略控制 strategic fit 戰(zhàn)略協(xié)調(diào)性 strategic group 戰(zhàn)略組 strategic inertia 戰(zhàn)略慣性 strategic intent/objective 戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo) strategic marketing program 戰(zhàn)略營(yíng)銷計(jì)劃 strategic pricing objectives 戰(zhàn)略定價(jià)目標(biāo) strategic withdrawal 戰(zhàn)略撤退

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strategy constraints 戰(zhàn)略影響因素 strategy formulation and implementation 戰(zhàn)略制定和實(shí)施

strategy implementation 戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施 strategy reassessment 戰(zhàn)略重估 subculture 亞文化 subfactor 次級(jí)因素 substitute goods 替代品

substitution threat 替代產(chǎn)品的威脅 Sumitomo 住友商事

Sun Microsystems 太陽(yáng)微系統(tǒng) supplementary media 輔助性廣告媒體 suppliers' bargaining power 供應(yīng)商的討價(jià)還價(jià)能力

surrogate products 替代產(chǎn)品 survival pricing 生存定價(jià)法

sustainable competitive advantage 可持續(xù)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)

sweepstakes 彩票抽獎(jiǎng) switching cost 轉(zhuǎn)換成本 synergy 協(xié)同作用 tabulation 制表 tangibility 有形性 target audience 目標(biāo)受眾

target level of product quality 產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) target or hurdle level 目標(biāo)或難度水平target return price 目標(biāo)回報(bào)價(jià)格 targeting strategy 目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)選擇戰(zhàn)略 targeting 目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)選擇 team selling 團(tuán)隊(duì)銷售 technical selling 技術(shù)銷售

television audience measurement 電視觀眾測(cè)量

television home shopping 電視家庭購(gòu)物 territorial restrictions 地區(qū)限制

territories 區(qū)域

territory design and deployment 區(qū)域設(shè)計(jì)及部署

territory inventory 地區(qū)存貨 test marketing 市場(chǎng)測(cè)試 testing new product 測(cè)試新產(chǎn)品

the American Association for Public Opinion Research 美國(guó)公共意見(jiàn)研究協(xié)會(huì) the Council of American Survey Research Organization 美國(guó)調(diào)查研究組織委員會(huì) the Fishbein Model 菲什賓模型

the Marketing Research Association 營(yíng)銷研究協(xié)會(huì)

theatre tests 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試

threat of new entrants 新進(jìn)入者的威脅 three order-hierarchy models 三階段層級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)模型

time frame 時(shí)間框架/要求 time pricing 時(shí)間定價(jià) time utility 時(shí)間效用 Timex 天美時(shí) title 所有權(quán) total cost 總成本

total quality managemnt(TQM)全面質(zhì)量管理

Toys 'R' Us 美國(guó)著名玩具零售商 tracking and monitoring 跟蹤與監(jiān)控 trade promotion 貿(mào)易促銷 trade selling 貿(mào)易銷售

trade/functional discounts 貿(mào)易/職能折扣 trade-in allowance 以舊換新折讓 transactiional efficiency 交易效率 transaction cost analysis(TCA)交易成本分析

turnkey construction contract 監(jiān)督建筑契約

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turnover 人員流動(dòng)

two-sided presentations 雙向信息陳述 tying contracts 附帶條件的合同 types of adverstising 廣告種類 types of brand 品牌種類 types of costs 成本種類

ultimate customers/end users 最終顧客/用戶 underlying dimension 基本組成要素 uniform delivered pricing 統(tǒng)一運(yùn)費(fèi)定價(jià)法 Union Pacific Railroad 聯(lián)合太平洋鐵路 unit sales 單位產(chǎn)品銷售額

unitary price elasticity 單位需求價(jià)格彈性 Universal Product Code(UPC)統(tǒng)一商品編碼

universe（樣本）總體

unrelated/conglomerate diversification 復(fù)合多元化

unsought goods 非渴求產(chǎn)品 usage 用途 use tests 使用測(cè)試

utility/price relationship 效用/價(jià)格關(guān)系 VALS2 價(jià)值與生活方式體系2 value-based planning 價(jià)值基礎(chǔ)計(jì)劃 variability 變化性 variable costs 可變成本 variable incentive 可變激勵(lì)措施 VCR(video cassette recorder)錄像機(jī) vending sales 自動(dòng)售貨業(yè)

vending-machine operators 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)經(jīng)營(yíng)商

vendor analysis 供應(yīng)商分析 vertical integration 垂直/縱向一體化 vertical marketing systems(VMS)垂直營(yíng)銷系統(tǒng) want 欲求 warranty 質(zhì)量保證 wholesale clubs 批發(fā)俱樂(lè)部

wholesaler-sponsored voluntary chains 批發(fā)商發(fā)起的自愿連鎖

wholesaling trends 批發(fā)趨勢(shì) win-back program 贏回（顧客）方案 working capital investment 周轉(zhuǎn)資金投入 workload approach 計(jì)算工作量方法 zero defect 零缺陷 zone pricing 分區(qū)定價(jià)法

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