第一篇：全國外語水平考試

全國外語水平考試（WSK）是為了鑒定非外語專業人員的外語水平而設置的考試，其成績主要用于選拔國家公派出國留學人員。全國外語水平考試設英語（PETS-5）、法語(TNF)、德語(NTD)、日語(NNS)和俄語(ТПРЯ)五個語種。WSK是對非外語專業人員的外語水平考試，具有不同于專業外語考試的一些特點。首先，它不依據某一教學課程的學習內容來命制試題，凡能滿足考試要求的課和或教材都適于考生的語言訓練和應試準備。其次，作為非外語專業人員的外語考試，測試的重點不在于考生掌握外語的精確性，而在于運用外語進行交流的能力。WSK是標準參照性考試，各語種評價標準的設定，比照了國內和國外有關語言能力的等級。考慮到各語種的語言特點及其普及程度的不同，它們的某些能力要求不盡一致。但是，它們通過嚴格的試題編制程序，題目預測，專家定性分析，計算機評卷，分數加權及線性回歸等標準化技術手段，保證了參加同一語種不同年度間考試的考生成績的等值。WSK的這些特點及其技術保障，為擴大它的使用范圍提供了可能。全國外語水平考試（WSK）是國家教育委員會舉辦的外語水平考試。WSK是全國外語水平考試的漢語拼音縮寫，是為鑒定非外語專業人員的外語水平而設置的考試，其成績主要用于選拔國家公派出國留學人員。最初只有英語水平考試（EPT），專門用來鑒定赴英語國家留學人員的英語水平。（但現在EPT考試已取消，PETS-5通過即有公派出國留學資格）隨著我國對交流的擴大，考試的語種逐漸增至英語、法語、德語、日語和俄語五個語種。此項考試由國家教委考試中心組織實施。

第二篇：BFT考試(全國出國培訓備選人員外語水平考試)模擬2

BFT考試(全國出國培訓備選人員外語水平考試)模擬2

Listening Part 1 Questions 1-8 ·You will hear two telephone conversations.·Write down one word or number in the numbered spaces on the forms below.CONVERSATION 1

Time for the man to arrive at the hotel:(1).Price of the room: $(2).Number of the unit: No.(3).On the(4)floor.CONVERSATION 2

For:(5)Blake.From:(6)Anderson.Tomorrow's(7)is cancelled.Helen's telephone number:(8).Part 2 Questions 9-13 ·You will hear a teaching instructor's words.·For questions 9-13, choose.from the list A-F the main ideas of the teaching instructor's words each time.·Use the letters only once.There is one extra letter which you do not need to use.Speaker 1: ______ 10.Speaker 2: ______ 11.Speaker 3: ______ 12.Speaker 4: ______ 13.Speaker 5: ______ A.final exam B.teaching problems in reading C.paying attention to one's teaching style D.canceling some classes E.stuff meeting F.students' attendance

Part 3 Questions 14-23·Look at the ten statements for this part.·You will hear a passage about “Who First Started to Smoke?”;you will listen to it twice，·Decide if you think each statement is right(R), wrong(W)or not mentioned(NM).14、People in Europe started smoking long ago.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

15、Tobacco is a native American plant, and it was Christopher Columbus who told European people about it.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

16、The American Indians used long tubes to bake tobacco before they smoked it.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

17、Aware of the commercial value of tobacco, the American lndians traded it for other goods.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

18、Jean Nicot's great interest in plants was due to his father's influence.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

19、When a man had a bad pain in his body, Nicot would give the person some tobacco leaves to eat, and then the pain would be gone.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

20、The word nicotine comes from the Frenchman Nicot's name.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

21、Nicot wrote a book on all his discoveries about tobacco.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

22、In Sir Walter Raleigh's days, not many people knew about smoking.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

23、Sir Walter Raleigh's death was due to smoking.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

Part 4 Questions 24-30·Look at the questions for this part.·You will hear a passage about “American Weighs In ”.You will listen to it twice.·For questions 24-30, indicate which of the alternatives A, B, or C is the most appropriate response.·Mark one letter A, B, or C on the Answer Sheet.24、American foods are ______.A.insufficient and expensive B.many and various C.neither delicious nor healthful

25、What is the percentage of adults aged 20 to 74 who were obese in the 1960s? A.33 percent B.24 percent C.35 percent

26、How many US adults aged 20 and older were overweight in 1988-94? A.65 million B.16 million C.20 million

27、Compared to the late 1970s, the percent of children aged 12 to 17 who were overweight in 1994 ______.A.decreased B.remained unchanged C.increased

28、What kind of market is sure to benefit from overweight people? A.The market for health care B.The market for food C.The market for weight-loss diets

29、What is believed to be able to prevent and mitigate numerous chronic ailments? A.High blood pressure B.A reasonable body weight C.Smoking

30、Koop once launched an assault on ______.A.chronic ailments B.obesity C.smoking

ReadingPart 1

·Read thefollowingpassage, eight sentences have been removed from the article.·Choose from the sentences A-H the one whichfits each gap.·For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(A-H)on the Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.The single, decisive factor that made it possible for mankind to settle in permanent communities was agriculture.(1)Once people could control the production of food and be assured of a reliable annual supple of it, their lives changed completely.Fanning was a revolutionary discovery.(2)With more food available, more people could be fed.Populations therefore increased.The growing number of people available for more kinds of work led to the development of more complex social structures.(3)Farming the world over has always relied upon a dependable water supply.For the earliest societies this meant rivers and streams or regular rainfall.(4)Later communities were able to develop by taking advantage of the rainy seasons.All of the ancient civilizations probably developed in much the same way, in spite of regional and climatic differences.(5)Heavier pottery replaced animal-skin gourds as containers for food and liquids.Cloth could be woven from wool and flax.Permanent structures made of wood, brick, and stone could be erected.The science of mathematics was an early outgrowth of agriculture.People studied the movements of the moon, the sun, and planets to calculate seasons.(6)With a calendar it was possible to calculate the arrival of each growing season.Measurement of land areas was necessary if property was to be a factor in farming and housekeeping.(7)All of the major ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China emerged in the 4th millennium BC.Historians still debate over which one emerged first.It may well have been the Middle East, in an area called the Fertile Crescent.This region stretches from the Nile River in Egypt northward along the coast of former Palestine, then eastward into Asia to include Mesopotamia.(8)This kind of larming depended on the reproduction of seed, normally from grain crops.A.It not only made settlements possible and ultimately the building of cities but it also made available a reliable food supply.B.Later came measures of value as commodity and money exchange became common.C.In this area people settled along the riverbanks and practiced field agriculture.D.After farming was developed in the Middle East in about 6500 BC, people living in tribes or family units did not have to be on the move continually searching for food or herding their animals.E.As villages grew, the accumulation of more numerous and substantial goods became possible.F.With a food surplus, a community could support a variety of workers who were not farmers.G.The first great civilizations grow up along rivers.H.In doing so they created the first calendars.Part 2

Questions 9-18

·Read the following passage and answer questions 9-18.1.When Christopher Columbus landed on America's shores, he encountered copper-shinned people whom he promptly called “Indians”.Current estimates indicate that there were over a million Indians inhabiting North American then.There are approximately 800,000 Indians today, of whom about 250, 000 live on reservations.2.The early settlers had an amicable relationship with Indians, who shared their knowledge about hunting, fishing, and farming with their uninvited guests.The stereotyped stealthy, wicked Indian of western movies are created by different faithless white man;the Indian was born friendly.3.Disgust developed between the Indians and the settlers, whose encroachment on Indian lands provoked an era of turbulence.As early as 1745, Indian tribes joined together to drive the French off their land.The French and Indian war did not end until 1763.The Indian had succeeded in destroying most of the settlements.The British, superficially submissive to the Indiana, promised that further migrations west would not extend beyond a specified boundary.4.Vacated from their lands or, worse still, frankly giving their property to the whites for few baubles, Indians were ruthlessly pushed west.The battle in 1876 at Little Horn river in Montana, in which setting Bull and the Sioux tribes massacred General Custer's cavalry, caused the whites intensify their campaign against the Redman.The battle at Wound Knee, South Dakota, in 1890 put an end to the last vestige of hope for amity between Indians and whites.5.Although the Bureau of lndian affairs has operated since 1842, presumably for the purpose of guarding Indians “interests”, Indian on reservations lead notoriously deprived lives.In recent times Indians have taken a militant stand and appealed to the courts and the American people to improve their substandard living conditions.Questions 9-13

·For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from below.·For each numberedparagraph(1-5), mark one letter(A-G)on the Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.9.Paragraph 1: ______ A.Indians, once the master of America, now live in their reservation.10.Paragraph 2: ______ B.Indians were pushed away.11.Paragraph 3: ______ C.The wars between Indian and the settlers.12.Paragraph 4: ______ D.Indians arestill fighting for the improvement of their lives.13.Paragraph 5: ______ E.The relationship between Indians and the early settlers.F.Indians were ferocious savages.G.Indian's struggle for their own possessions.Questions 14-18

·Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18 with a word or phrase from the list below.·For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(A-G)on the Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.14.The early settlers in American ______.15.The passage suggests that the war between French and Indians lasted ______.16.The kind of life Indians lead in their reservation is ______.17.The two measures that Indians had taken to improve their lives are ______.18.From the passage, we can infer that the author ______.A.sympathizes the American Indians B.eighteen years C.found the Indians very helpful D.taking a militant stand and appealing to the courts E.notoriously deprived F.ask the Indians to leave their lands G.force the Indians to leave Part 3

Questions 19-25

·Read the following passage and answer questions 19-25.·For questions 19-25, choose the correct answer A, B, C and D.·Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least UN is getting people off welfare, lt's estimated that more than two million have left the roles since 1994.In the past four years, welfare in rolls in Athens country has been cut in half.But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour.The result: The Athens country poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent—twice the national average.For advocates for the poor, that's an indication that much more needs to be done.“More people are getting jobs, but it's not making their lives any better,” says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the center in budget and policy priorities in Washington.Canter analysis of US census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a great percentage of single, fame-headed household were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.“Welfare was a poison.It was a toxin that was poisoning the family,” says Rector, a welfare reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities.It's beginning to rebuild the work ethic, which is much more important.Mr.Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked,” then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.19、It can be seen from the passage that the author ______.A.is over-enthusiastic about the success of welfare reform B.insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor C.believes the reform has reduced the government's burden D.considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful

20、Why aren't people enjoying better lives when they have jobs? A.Because their wages are low.B.Because many families are divorced.C.Because the cost of living is rising.D.Because government aid is now rare.21、What is worth noting form the example of Athens country is that ______.A.60 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare B.70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years C.the living standards of most people are going down D.great efforts should be madeto improve people's living standards

22、From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at ______.A.providing more jobs B.saving welfare funds C.rebuilding the work ethic D.cutting government expenses

23、According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out, ______.A.the poor used to rely on government aid B.the poverty rate was lower C.the average worker was paid higher wages D.average living standards were higher

24、From the passage we can infer that before 1994 ______.A.most of the people depended on government B.most of the people took jobs C.we don't know as the passage didn't say D.most of the people live a richer life

25、About the welfare reform the author's attitude is ______.A.indifferent B.positive C.objective D.critical Part 4

Questions 26-45

·Read the following passage and decide which answer bestfits each space.·For questions 26-45, mark one letter A, B, C or D on the Answer Sheet.The “standard of living” of any country means the(26)person's share of the goods and services which the country produces.A country's standard of living, therefore depends(27)and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth.“Wealth” in this(28)is not money, for we do not live on money(29)on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing, and “services” such as(30)and “entertainment”.A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect(31)one another.Wealth depends(32)a great extent upon a country's natural resources.Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a(33)soil and a favorable climate;other regions(34)none of them.Next to natural resources(35)the ability to turn them to use.China is perhaps as well off as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from(36)and external wars, and for this and other reasons was incapable(37)her resources.Sound and(38)political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country(39)well served by nature but less well ordered.A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and(40)within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade.For example, Britain's wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much(41)if she had to depend only on those grown at home.Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would(42)be lacking.A country's wealth is, therefore, much(43)by its manufacturing capacity,(44)that other countries can be found ready to(45)its manufactures.26、A.common B.average C.usual D.normal

27、A.first B.important C.main D.primary

28、A.way B.feeling C.sense D.occasion

29、A.except B.but C.neither D.besides

30、A.vehicles B.buses C.transport D.films

31、A.in B.about C.at D.on

32、A.upon B.33、A.festal B.fetid

34、A.pose B.possess C.posse D.posset

35、A.coming B.come

36、A.military B.international

37、A.to develop B.about developing

38、A.robust B.stable

39、A.less B.few

40、A.consumed B.assumed C.presumed D.resumed

41、A.little B.more

42、A.likely B.otherwise C.likewise D.alike

43、A.impressed B.effected C.influenced D.in C.fervent C.comes C.overseas C.of developing C.sturdy C.little C.less C.on D.to fertile D.come D.have civil D.for developing D.strong D.equally D.much D.infected

44、A.supposed B.given C.provided D.depended

45、A.receive B.accept C.sell D.produce

Writing46、Part 1

☆ You are to work with a U.S.company by a year.You have finally obtained your visa from the US Embassy in Beijing, and are ready to leave for Minneapolis, USA, where the company is headquartered.Read the following memo with information jotted down from your air-ticket: ☆ From Beijing to Minneapolis.☆ The American Northwest Airline.☆ NW745, Monday, November 27, 2002, Beijing time.☆ Arrive at 1:30 p.m.Nov.28, American time.·Write a letter-like email message(60-70 words)to Mr.Michael Jackson(E-mail address is CS3858@aol.com), Corporate Secretary of the company, asking for your pickup at the airport.47、Part 2 ·You are to make a speech at an international conference held next Friday at the Jinmao, Pudong, Shanghai.The conference chairman has just written to you requesting that you send a copy of your speech five work days ahead of the meeting.Write a cover letter to Ms.Jenny Evans, Secretary General of the sponsoring organization, in which you shall, in your own words, make it clear.“

☆ A copy of your speech is enclosed.☆ You need 150 printouts, and you'll pay when collecting them.☆ You want to be addressed by the title and position you have in the writer's section of this letter, and you hate to be called a ”reform master“.☆ You're available in your office till the end of one day before the speech day.☆ You will arrive on time for the conference.·Write a letter of 100-120 words to Ms.Jenny Evans

Oral Test48、Part 1: Self-introduction

·The interlocutor will ask you and your partner questions about yourselves.You may be asked about things like ”your hometown “, ”your interests “, ”your career plans ", etc.Part 2: Presentation ·The interlocutor gives you two photographs and asks you to talk about them for about one minute.The examiner then asks your partner a question about your photographs and your partner responds briefly.Then the interlocutor gives your partner two photographs.Your partner talks about these pictures for about one minute.This time the interlocutor asks you a question about your partner's photographs and you respond briefly.Part 3: Collaboration

·The interlocutor gives you and your partner a list of topics.Both of you need to choose one to discuss together.The interlocutor may join in the conversation and ask you questions, but you and your partner are expected to develop the conversation.Topic 1: Music in Modem Life Topic 2: Importance of Money Topic 3: An Extended Family or a Nuclear Family Topic 4: Taboos in China Topic 5: Differences between Life in a Big City and in the Country

答案:

Listening Part 1

1、evening [聽力原文] 1-4 W: Good evening.M: Hello.Do you have any vacant rooms at your hotel? W: I believe there may be one.Did you make a reservation in advance? M: No, we didn't.W: Well, we just received word that one reservation has been cancelled, so you arrived at a good time.M: I suppose so.By the way, how much is the room? W: It's $30 with TV and an extra bedroom.We have a pool in back.M: That's good.We need extra room for our two beds.W: If it is OK, let's step into our office to register.M: Do you want the payment in advance ? W: That's our policy.I'm sure you understand.M: Of course.What's the number of the unit ? W: No.61, on the second floor, over on the right.Here's the key.M: Thank you.I'll park the car over there first.Then I'll come right over to register.W: Certainly, sir.2、303、61

4、second

5、Linda [聽力原文] 5-8 R: Good morning.Jianguo Hotel.Can I help you? M: Good morning.Could you put me through to Linda Blake, please? R: Who's calling, please? M: Helen Anderson.R: Hold the line, please.I'm sorry, the number's engaged.Would you like to hold? M: No, could I leave a message? R: Yes, of course.M: Could you tell her that tomorrow's meeting is cancelled? R: Meeting is cancelled.OK.M: And could you ask her to give me a ring? R: Certainly.Does she have your number? M: It's 5326673.R: Fine.I'll make sure that she gets your message.6、Helen

7、meeting8、5326673 Part 2

9、D [聽力原文] Please remind your students that regular classes have been cancelled because of the mid-term exams.You can however meet with them on Friday;by that time the exams will be over.Afternoon classes were also cancelled because we're giving the Listening Exam during that part of the day.10、F [聽力原文] We would like to remind instructors that student attendance constitutes 10% of the final grade.Please keep informing your students also about this.Stress the fact that since they're language learners, it's important for them to come to class as frequently as possible.Otherwise we cannot be held responsible for any negative results of our teaching on them.Please take attendance every morning and don't hesitate to mark them absent in case they're still not in class by the time you've finished calling out their names.This way you don't waste time with the attendance ritual every morning.11、[聽力原文] I'd like to just remind you that you are welcome to drop bymy office and have a look at the final exams that have been prepared.The exams will be given the week of Jan.5-9 as earlier planned.We will inform the listening instructors next week whether their exams will be given in their individual classrooms or in other rooms.12、B [聽力原文] Apparently some of the reading teachers are not sufficiently explaining vocabulary and grammar matters to their students, and only read out the answers found in the answer keys of their textbooks.Students are obviously unhappy about this situation.My recommendation is that you attempt to make clear to the students how you are conducting your class, and what exactly it is that you're doing.Perhaps it would be helpful if you were to also frequently answer/discuss/explain the answers of the exercises you're specifically dealing with, and not just simply read the answer key to them.13、C [聽力原文] I would like you to take these complaints seriously.Some of them are obviously severe than others, but they all merit our attendance.Please attempt to modify or change your teaching styles and habits if you feel the complaints concern you.Do not hesitate to drop by my office in case you would like to have any further information about the above mentioned student statements of discontent.Part 3

14、B [聽力原文] 15-23

Who First Started to Smoke?

Long ago, no one in Europe smoked.The tobacco plant was unknown there.It grew in America and Christopher Columbus found it there.Later he returned to Europe and told people about tobacco.He said that the American Indians often smoked it.One way of smoking was like this.The American Indians threw some tobacco leaves on a fire.Then they put long tubes in their mouths.The other ends of the tubes were over the fire, so they were able to draw the smoke into their mouths.About the year 1560 a Frenchman, Jean Nicot, was living in Lisbon, Portugal.He was very interested in all American plants.Some of them were very different from the plants of Europe.He used the leaves of the tobacco plant to cure pain.When a man had a bad pain in a leg or an arm, Nicot put tobacco leaves on the painful place and tried to cure the pain in that way.We now say that tobacco contains nicotine.The word nicotine comes from this man's name.Sir Walter Raleigh was a famous man in the days of Queen Elizabeth theFirst.He traveled widely and learnt to smoke.Then he returned to England, but he didn't stop smoking.He used to smoke two pipes every day secretly in his room.When anyone came in, he quickly hid his pipe.A man came in and found clouds of smoke in his room.More smoke was coming from Raleigh's mouth, so the man got some water and threw it over Raleigh.He believed that Raleigh was burning, He ran out of the house and told everybody about it.After this, smoking was not a secret.Raleigh had a sad life and died in 1618.He died bravely and quietly.He smoked a pipe just before his death.15、A

16、B

17、C

18、C

19、B 20、A

21、C

22、A

23、C Part 4

24、B [聽力原文] 24－30

America Weighs In

Americans enjoy the most abundant and varied diet in the world.Food is cheap, plentiful, and tasty.All those readily available nutrients should make us a strong, healthy people.But for an increasing share of U.S.adults, life in the land of plenty is making them plenty fat.The percent of adults aged 20 to 74 who are obese based on their body mass index increased from 24 percent in the 1960s to 33 percent in 1988-9t.By 1994, the share of all adults aged 20 and older who are overweight climbed further, to 35 percent.Applying that rate to the adult population yields a total of 65 million U.S.adults aged 20 or older who were overweight in 1988-94.We don't get to blame the aging population, either.Overweight has become more prevalent among all age groups, not just the elderly.Children and adolescents are following the example of their elders.The share of children aged 6 to 11 who are overweight increased from 11 percent in the late 1970s to 14 percent in 1994.For children aged 12 to 17, the share doubled to 12 percent in 1994.Overweight people create markets for large-sized clothing and weight-loss products and services.But Americans seem to be losing interest in weight-loss diets.One market that is certain to benefit from this trend is health care.The National Center for Health Statistics(NCHS)says that overweight and obese adults are at increased risk for numerous acute and chronic conditions, ranging from high blood pressure to diabetes to arthritis．

Most doctors believe that a wide range of chronic ai lments can be prevented or mitigated by maintaining easonable body weight．Former Surgeon General C．Everett Koop recently said that if he had stayed in office longer,“1 would have launched the same assault On obesity that I did on smoking．”

25、B

26、A

27、C

28、A

29、B 30、C Reading

1、[解析] 文章第1句提出，使人類定居下來的決定性因素是農業。句D介紹了農業的產生時間以及它對人們生活的影響，為讀者提供了有關農業的更多信息，因此D為正確選項。

2、[解析] 第2段首句提到了耕種是一次革命性的發現。句A“它不僅使定居成為可能，最終形成城市，并且可以提供穩定的食物來源。”很顯然“它”指的是農業，這句話講述了農業的重大作用，是對第1句中革命性的解釋說明——為何耕種被稱為革命性的發現，因此A為正確選項。

3、[解析] 文章接著提到，隨著食物供應的增多，人口也開始增長，不斷增長的人口從事更多種類的工作，這就使得社會結構更復雜。句F提到，由于有盈余的食物，一個社會團體就可以供養不從事農業勞動的各種工人。出現不從事農業勞動的工人是社會結構復雜的具體體現，因此選F。

4、?-P????? F????!??????+??v? ???1??8?????W??u??T8?kd=??5?Dr??

5、[解析] 第4段開頭提出，“工區和氣候存在一些差異，所有的古代文明或許都以相同的方式發展”。后句又提到，“陶器代替了動物皮所制作的瓢，來盛裝食物和液體，羊毛制成衣服，用木料、磚頭造房子，這些都是人類古代文明的發展模式”，句E“隨著村子在擴大，積累了大量的物品”這也是古代文明的共同發展模式之一，隨著物品的增多，人們才需要制作容器去儲藏液體，這與第3句緊密相連，所以選E。

6、[解析] 第5段開頭提到了數學是在農業的基礎上發展起來的，人們研究月亮、太陽以及行星的運動來計算季節。計算季節是與年歷緊密相連的，因此“他們就這樣創造了第1部年歷”為正確選項，“in doing so”指前面人們研究月亮、太陽及行星運動的行為。

7、[解析] 為了分割財產，需要有丈量土地面積的辦法，在耕種和儲存時，需要有計算種子和谷物的方法。這都是農業對數學發展的促進作用。句B“隨著商品和錢幣交換的普及，出現了價值尺度”也是其中的一個方面，與前兩個方面是平行的關系，其作用是相同的，都指明了農業對數學發展的作用。

8、[解析] 文章最后一段的后半部分提到一個被稱為“Fertile Crescent”的地方及其所覆蓋的區域。句C中的“this area”就是指這一地區，與前句的“this region”相照應。

9、[解析] 本段講印第安人曾經是美洲的主人，現在卻在他們的保留地上，因此答案為A。

10、[解析] 本段講印第安人與早期的殖民者之間的關系，因此答案為E。

11、[解析] 本段講印第安人與殖民者之間的戰爭，因此符案為C。

12、[解析] 本段講印第安人被無情地從他們的土地上趕走，因此答案為B。

13、[解析] 本段講印第安人還在為提高他們的生活條件努力，因此答案為D。

14、C[解析] 本段中指出早期殖民者與印第安人相處和睦。他們與殖民者分享打獵、捕魚、種植等知識，所以在殖民者看來印第安人是很愿意幫助人的，因此答案為C。

15、B[解析] 本段第3句中指出印第安人和法國人的戰爭于1745年開始，一直持續到1763年還沒有結束，所以他們之間的戰爭持續了18年之久，因此答案為B。

16、E[解析] 信息參照最后一段：“Indian on reservations lead notoriously deprived lives．”，答案為E。

17、D[解析] 本段最后一句指出，目前印第安人正在通過兩種方式改善他們的生活條件：“taken militant stand”和“appeal to the coups”，因此答案為D。

18、[解析] 從文章開始講述印第安人的友好到他們與殖民者的戰爭，以及最后對他們的悲慘生活，作者一直都持有同情的態度，因此答案為A。

19、D [解析] 本題是主旨題。通觀全文，可知作者要說明的是：社會福利改革使人們擺脫了對福利的依賴，過上了自立的生活，并改變了人們工作的道德觀念。這一切都印證了作者在本文開頭表明的觀點。由此可見，正確符案為D。20、A [解析] 本題是推理題。根據第2段第2句和第3句就不難推斷出，工作的人不能過上更好的日子的原因是他們工資太低。

21、D [解析] 本題是細節題。根據文章第3段：“For advocates for the poor，that’s an indication that much more needs to be done．”可知Athens country的貧因現象提示人們需要進一步努力以改善當地人們的生活水平。

22、C [解析] 本題是細節題。根據文章倒數第2段第2句可知此次社會福利改革的目標是改變人們工作的道德觀，以使更多的人自覺自愿地自食其力，故C為正確答案。

23、A [解析] 本題是推理題。文章最后一段中的“the habit of dependency is cracked”，以及第1段中的“at least UN getting people off welfare”等語句可知，在福利改革政策實施之前，窮人一般是靠政府資助生活的。

24、A [解析] 本題是推理題。可參見第1段最后1句“It’s estimated that more than two million have left the roles since 1994.”

25、B [解析] 本題是理解題。通觀全文，不難看出作者對福利改革的態度是積極的。

26、B [解析] [考點] 詞義辨析

[分析] 本句意為：“一個國家的生活水平意味著該國人民______享受的產品和服務份額”。4個選項的意思分別是：A．common“普通的，共同的”；B．average“平均的”；C．ussual“通常的”；D．normal“正常的”。只有選項B．average符合題意。

27、A [解析] [考點]習慣搭配 [分析] 詞組first and foremost意為“首要的”，本句表示“因而一個國家的生活標準主要取決于該國生產財富的能力”。又如：He does a bit of writing．but first and foremost he's a teacher.(他也寫一些文章，但他主要是個教師。)

28、C [解析] [考點] 詞義辨析 本句4個選項的意思分別是：A．(in this)way“在這一方面”；B．feeling“感覺”；C．sense“意義，感官”；D．occasion習慣上與介詞on相搭配(on this occasionl，意為“在這一場合”。該句意為“財富在這一意義上不是指貨幣”，選項C．sense既符合題意又符合語法要求。

29、B [解析] [考點] 固定結構

[分析] 固定結構not?but意為“不是??而是”。本句是解釋這里財富為什么不是指貨幣，即“我們并不以錢為生，而是靠錢能購買的產晶與服務生活”，因此選項B．but正確。30、C [解析] [考點] 上下文推理

[分析] 根據本句中信息詞entertainment(娛樂節目，招待)，可以判斷選項C．transport“交通”正確，作者在此以二者為例，說明什么是setvice(服務)。選項A．vehicles“車輛”(交通工具中一種)；選項B．buses“公共汽車”(交通工具其中一種)；選項D．films“電影”(娛樂節目中一種)均因不符合邏輯要求而被排除。

31、D [解析] [考點]習慣搭配 [分析] 固定詞組have an effecton意為“對??有影響”，因此選項D．on正確。

32、D [解析] [考點]習慣搭配

[分析] 固定詞組to?extent意為“達到??程度”。本句是指“財富在極大程度上依靠一個國家的自然資源”，因此選項D．to正確。又如：The film had quite an effect onher(這影片對她的影響很大。)

33、C [解析] [考點] 形近詞辨析

[分析] 本句4個選項的意思分別是：A．festal“節目的，歡樂的”；B．fervent“熱情的”；C．fertile“富饒的”；D．fetid“臭惡的”。該句是指“肥沃的土壤”，只有選項C．fertile符合題意。

34、B [解析] [考點] 形近詞辨析

[分析] 本句4個選項的意思分別是：A．pose“擺好姿勢，引起，提出”；B．possess“具有，持有”；C．posse“地方武裝團隊”；D．posset“牛奶酒”。該句是指“其他地區不具備其中的任何一項”，只有選項B．possess符合題意。

35、B [解析] [考點] 倒裝

[分析] 本句因狀語提前而主謂倒裝，主語是ability(能力)，因此選項B．comes正確，該句繼上文講述影響生產水平的因素，即“繼自然資源的多寡之后就是利用他們的能力”。

36、C [解析] [考點] 上下文推理

[分析] 本句4個選項中只有選項C．civil“國內的”與external“外部的”搭配符合邏輯，因此該選項正確。其他3個選項意思分別是：A．military“軍事的”；B．overseas“海外的”；D．international“國際的”，均不符合邏輯要求而被排除。

37、B [解析] [考點]習慣搭配 [分析] 詞組be capable of(doing)sth．意為“能夠做??”，因此選項B．of developing正確，本句意為“由于某種原因，中國不能開發自己的資源”。又如：He is capable of running a mile in four minutes．(他能用4分鐘跑完1英里。)

38、D [解析] [考點] 詞義辨析

[分析] 本句4個選項的意思分別是：A．robust“健康，有活力的”；B．sturdy“健康的，牢固的”；C．strong“強壯的，有力的”；D．stable“穩定的”。該句指的是“可靠穩定的政治局勢”，只有選項D．stable符合題意。

39、C [解析] [考點] 上下文推理

[分析] 通過上下文可推斷本句指的是“比其他有同樣優越的自然條件而政局穩定性籌些的國家，要創造更大的財富”，因此選項C．equally“同樣地，平等地”符合邏輯要求。40、A [解析] [考點] 形近詞辨析

[分析] 本句意為“一個國家的生活水平不僅僅取決于其國內生產和______的財富，也取決于通過對外貿易間接產生的財寓”。4個選項的意思分別是：A．consumed“消費”；B．assumed“假設”；C．presumed“假設，冒昧做”；D．resumed“開始做，重新得到”。只有選項A．consumed符合題意。

41、B [解析] [考點] 固定結構，上下文推理

[分析] 固定結構“much+adj．/adv．比較級”，表示“??得多”，因此選項A．little、C．much可以被排除。根據上下文可判斷句意為“如果英國只依賴本國的食物及農產品的話，它這方面帶來的財富將會少得多”，選項B．less既符合語法要求又符合邏輯要求。

42、B [解析] [考點] 邏輯關系

[分析] 本句意為“國際貿易使英國能夠用其富余的產品換來否則會匱乏的農產品”，選項B．otherwise“否則，要不然”符合邏輯要求。選項A．likely“可能”；C．likewise“同樣地”；D．alike“相同的”均不符合邏輯要求，故排除。

43、C [解析] [考點] 詞義辨析

[分析] 本句意為“因而一個國家的財寓受到該國生產力的很大______”。4個選項的意思分別是：A．impressed“給予深刻的印象”；B．effected“產生??的影響，導致了??”，如：The storm effected a flood in this area．(這場暴雨給這個地區造成了洪水。)；C．influenced“影響，對??起作用，左右，支配”，如：It’s clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso．(她的畫顯然受到Picasso的影響。)：D．infected“感染，傳染”。只有選項C．influenced符合題意。

44、C [解析] [考點] 邏輯關系

[分析] 本句意為“一個國家的財富在很大程度上受其生產能力的影響______能有其他國家愿意??其產品”，該處缺少連詞，因此只有選項C．provided“只要，假如”是正確答案。又如：I will agree to go provided(that)my expenses are paid．(假如為我擔負費用，我就同意去。)

45、B [解析] [考點] 上下文推理

[分析] 本句承接上一句，充當該句的條件從句。根據上下文可以推出，B．accept“接受”符合邏輯要求，代入句中該句意為“只要能有其他國家愿意接受其產品”。

Writing46、47、Oral Test48、Topic 3：An Extended Family or a Nuclear Family

—Do you know now there are mainly two types of families around US? —Yes．They are extended families and nuclear families．

—What do they mean respectively? —Well...Extended family refers to those with not only parents and children，but also grandparents or even other relatives living together．Nuclear family refers to those with only parents and children，and sometimes only husband and wife．

—Ah?That sounds interesting．I know nowadays there’re not so many extended families as before since most young people are living in a city other than their original hometown where their parents are living．

—That’s true．In this way young couples will have more time and space for their own movement and could arrange time based on their own living schedules．

—But don’t you think there will also be some problems for both young couples and their aged parents? —Maybe there’re some problems，but a nuclear family is still a better choice for modern families I think．

—I don’t think SO．Maybe I’m a little traditional．but it will do good to both aged parents and working couples to live together，especially for those with children．You know, parents could help with most of the heavy and time—consuming housework．Since the aged have almost completely retired and have enough time for this, housework will not become a burden for them.At the same time, adequate house chores could be a good form of exercise for old people.And young couples could have more relaxing time.—If housework could become good exercises for the aged, so could it for young people.Nowadays young couples mostly don't have enough room available for their parents.And they live with the parents, and they must take some extra care for their parents every day, which will destroy the advantages of living together.—But don't you think that care and communication would build up the affections between the two generations or three generations? —Not at all.I think just the contrary: it will destroy the relationships among them.I have heard much about the conflicts between two generations if they live together, especially between the two mother-in-laws.And those conflicts sometimes spread to the relationship between grandchildren and their grandparents.—That will not necessarily become a result of extended family.If both generations could develop healthy attitudes towards their relationships, without being influenced by current conflicting situations, they could get along quite well with each other after all.—Extended family is not the best or better way to get along well with another generation.Adult children could show their care for parents in other ways too.For example, by visiting them more often, by offering financial support to them and so on.—But that will not solve the problem at all.You know sometimes what aged parents want is far more than just money or visits from their children;they also need to feel their children around and communicate with grandchildren, which will be their greatest joy.—That's the traditional idea.Today's senior people have their new ways to enjoy life, going to training classes, doing volunteer works, joining in various associations...Topic 5: Differences Between Life in a Big City and in the Country

—More and more people are pouring in the city for the sake of more opportunities or more money.That's not a good thing actually.—Why do you say so? —Because we all know that life in the city is not so healthy at all.If I have the chance to live in the country, I will be quite glad to.—So you are tired of living in the city where you could enjoy all the conveniences at hand? —Probably.Living in the city might have some advantages over country life, but country life also has edges which city life could never even dream of, not to mention catching up with it.—I often hear people say that in some countries an increasing number of people are buying houses in the suburbs and drive to work every day, just to enjoy the fresh air, spacious room and quiet surroundings or even songs from birds.—These people are really wise, I think.But they must have a car first.Compared with life in the city, country life is more healthful.—But city life has something so attractive that you could hardly make the decision to leave it, for example, the eye-catching skyscrapers, many places for entertainment.—All those advantages are not a problem at all if people have determined to get rid of the disadvantages that have much stronger effect on them.—Are you saying that people could easily be rid of so many conveniences that they have been enjoying for so long and hoping to enjoy for a lifetime? Some people even have never imagined life without them!—I don't mean that's easy.The fact is those advantages are no more than people's addiction.Just like smoking, if we could live without them for quite some time, we will get used to the new life-style and enjoy it more without distractions from the outside world.—That's interesting.But I still doubt how many people are willing to sacrifice a modern lifestyle for one in the countryside.Anyway it is difficult for me.—Well, it's up to you and up to other people's own choice too.There will be those who are quite willing to change their habits just for a higher quality of life.

第三篇：湖南成人高等教育學士學位外語水平考試試題

2011年6月湖南成人高等教育學士學位外語水平考試試題

Part I Dialogue Completion(15 points)Directions: There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1.Speaker A: That was a great dinner.You must have spent all day cooking.Speaker B: A.Yes, it was really very tiring.B.No, it’s really nothing.C.No, it’s only a casual meal.D.Thanks.But it only took two hours.2.Speaker A: I tried to buy you those towels you wanted on sale, but they only had these really ugly ones left.Sorry.Speaker B:They are not bad.3.Speaker A: What’s your favorite food? Speaker B: Pizza.Speaker A:.I prefer chocolate ice cream.A.Not me.B.So do I.C.Same here.D.You got it.4.Speaker A: This computer keeps giving me trouble.Speaker B:Try restarting it.A.See if that helps.B.I can do nothing about it.C.Who knows? D.What else? 5.Speaker A: Susan, I can’t get my old job jacket.It’s a lost cause.Speaker B: A.Can’t you? It serves you right.B.I understand.You’ll find something else.C.Yes, I know it’s not a good cause.D.Lost？Maybe I can help you find it.6.Speaker A: I had no idea the movie would end like that.Speaker B: I was really surprised.A.Me either.B.Me alike.C.I think so.D.Not that I know.7.Speaker A: I’m a little scared about the operation.Speaker B: , honey.The doctors will be there every step of the way.A.You know what.B.That’s good.C.Don’t worry.D.That’s it.8.Speaker A: Who left the refrigerator door open? Speaker B:.I haven’t been in the kitchen all day.A.Don’t look at me.B.You ask for it.C.You bet.D.Don’t be silly.9.Speaker A: Could you get me Extension 1058, please? Speaker B: A.Yes.This is operator speaking.B.OK.Here you are.C.No.I’m busy now.D.Sorry.The line is busy.10.Speaker A: You’ve been the first place winner in this writing contest.Congratulations！Speaker B: A.Yes.It’s quite easy for me.B.It’s very kind of you to say so.C.Thank you for the good news.D.Not at all.It’s nothing.11.Tourist: Excuse me;I’d like to go to the British Museum.Police: No, not really.It’s about a ten-minute walk.A.Can I walk there? B.Where is it? C.Is it far from here? D.Could you show me the way? 12.Speaker A: Hi, Linda.The train leaves at 10 pm and I could pick you up at 9.Speaker B: A.I think so.B.I can’t wait.C.Good for you.D.That’s fine with me.13.Speaker A: Sorry, I didn’t catch the last train.Speaker B: A.Don’t be sorry.B.Do you want me to repeat it? C.What else, please? D.I’m afraid that’s it.14.Speaker A: You must be Teddy.Thanks for coming.Speaker B: Yes, A.I’m fine.Thank you.B.I am.And you are…? C.Here I am.D.Who’s speaking please? 15.Speaker A: I wonder if you could tell me where to get map? Speaker B: A.I don’t know where you want to go.B.I have never heard about it.C.Sure, but I really have no idea.D.Well, maybe in the post office or bookstore.PART II Reading Comprehension(40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part.Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage one Just as Mrs.Waldman hands out the spelling test, you see Jeff pull out a small piece of paper with a lot of words on it.Jeff hides the note into his closed fist but soon takes it out again.While he’s taking the test, you see him looking back and forth between the teacher and his paper.There’s no mistaking it---he’s cheating.Cheating is when a person misleads, deceives, or acts dishonestly on purpose.For kids, cheating may happen at school, at home, or while playing a sport.If a baseball team is for kids who are 8 or younger, it’s cheating for a 9-year-old to play on the team.At school, in addition to cheating on a test, a kid might cheat by stealing someone else’s idea for a science project or by copying a book report off the internet and turning it in as if it’s his or her original work.One is inclined to cheat because it makes difficult things seem easy, like getting all the right answers on the test.But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material and it won’t help on the next test---unless the person cheats again.Sometimes it may seem like cheaters have it all figured out.They can watch TV instead of studying for the spelling test.But other people lose respect for cheaters and think less of them.The cheaters themselves may feel bad because they know they are not really earning that good grade.And, if they get caught cheating, they will be in trouble at school, and maybe at home, too.Some kids cheat because they’re busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying.Other kids might feel like they can’t pass the test without cheating.Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.16.Why did Jeff look at the teacher from time to time while taking the test? A.He was afraid that the teacher might find out what he was doing.B.He had a question for the teacher but was afraid to ask.C.He wanted to get the teacher’s attention.D.He wanted to hand in his paper as he was done with it.17.According to the author, cheating A.occurs mainly in test-related settings B.can take on various forms and happen anywhere C.usually happens when one is doing a science project D.happens when we don’t know the answer to a question 18.What can’t cheating help to do? A.To pass examinations.B.To get a satisfactory score.C.To make difficult things easy.D.To really get the knowledge.19.Which of the following statements is closest in meaning to “cheaters have it all figured out”(Para.5)? A.Cheaters know they won’t be caught.B.Cheaters make a plan in advance.C.Cheaters can reach a balance between work and play.D.Cheaters clearly know the consequences of cheating.20.The main purpose of the passage is to A.inform readers why people cheat B.predict possible consequences of cheating C.persuade students to quit cheating D.discuss different occasions when people cheat

Passage Two Experts say over half of the world’s seven thousand languages are in danger of disappearing.Every two weeks one language disappears.Sometimes a language disappears immediately when the last person speaking it dies.Or, a local language might disappear more slowly.This happens when an official language is used more often and children stop learning the local language of their parents.Official languages often represent a form of control over a group of people.Throughout history, the language spoken by a powerful group spreads across a civilization.The more powerful culture rarely respects the language and culture of smaller groups.Smaller cultures lose their local language as the language of the culture in power has a stronger influence.Experts say protecting languages is very important for many reasons.Languages contain the histories, ideas and knowledge of a culture.Languages also contain valuable information about local medicines, plants and animals.Many endangered languages are spoken by native cultures in close contact with the natural world.Their ancient languages contain a great deal of information about environmental systems and species of plants and animals that are unknown to scientists.As the last speakers of a language die off, the valuable information carried within a language also disappears.Language is, in many ways, a window to the mind and the world.Any hope for protecting languages can be found in children and their willingness to learn.It is these young people who can keep this form of culture alive for future generations.21.Which of the following is true? A.No one can prevent languages from disappearing.B.There will not be any local languages left some day.C.There have existed 7,000 languages in history.D.Half of the world’s languages will possibly disappear.22.An official language is a language that A.is highly advanced B.has a stronger influence C.competes with a local language D.has a longer history 23.Language is a window to the mind and the world because A.it contains information about both culture and nature.B.it represents the working of the human minds C.local languages are more closely related to culture D.ancient languages can reveal ancient people’s thoughts 24.According to the passage, a language will be better protected when A.it is linked to a powerful culture B.people are forced to speak it C.it keeps pace with the times D.children are interested in learning it 25.The passage mainly discusses A.language and culture B.the power of language C.language protection D.local languages

Passage Three There’s a professor at the University of Toronto in Canada who has come up with a term to describe the way a lot of us North Americans interact these years.And now a big research study confirms it.Barry Wellman’s term is “networked individualism.” It’s not the easiest concept to grasp.In fact, the words seem to contradict each other.How can we be individualistic and networked at the same time? You need other people for networks.Here’s what he means.Until the Internet and e-mail came along, our social networks involved flesh-and-blood relatives, friends, neighbors, and colleagues at work.Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.But the latest study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project confirms that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the computer has replaced a great deal of social interchange.A lot of folks Pew talked with say that’s a good thing, because of concerns that the Internet was turning us into hermits(隱居者)who shut out other people in favor of a make-believe world on computer screens.To the contrary, the Pew study discovered.The Internet has put us in touch with many MORE real people than we’d have ever imagined.Helpful people, too.We’re turning to an ever-growing list of cyber friends for advice on careers, medical crises, child-rearing, and choosing a school or college.About 60 million Americans told Pew that the Internet plays an important or crucial role in helping them deal with major life decisions.So we networked individuals are pretty tricky: we’re keeping more to ourselves, while at the same time reaching out to more people, all with just the click of a computer mouse!26.The Pew study was conducted in A.Latin America B.Canada C.the United States D.Europe 27.In this passage, the network refers to a lot of connected A.friends B.people C.computers D.roads 28.Before the invention of the Internet, our connections with people took place mainly A.in person B.by phone C.by letter D.by e-mail 29.Which of the following has happened since the invention of the Internet? A.People talk on the phone more than ever.B.Much personal interaction has given way to computer interaction.C.Americans are getting more isolated.D.Americans have become more dependent on computers.30.According to the Pew study, the role played by the Internet in human interaction is A.neutral B.negative C.unclear D.positive

Passage Four President Obama has signed legislation to make the biggest changes in the health care system in forty-five years.Many parts of the plan will fully take effect in four years.But some take effect quickly.For example, in six months the new law will ban insurance companies from denying coverage to children with pre-existing health conditions.Adults with pre-existing conditions will be added in four years.The government will help millions of people pay for insurance.It will also permit millions more to receive free coverage through the Medicaid program for the poor.In all, the plan aims to make health insurance available to 32 million people now without it.Illegal immigrants will not be able to take part.An estimated 83% of people under 65 who are in the US legally now have insurance coverage.The plan is expected to raise that to 95% within several years.People over 65 are covered by the Medicaid insurance program which the government created in 1965.For the first time, Americans will be required to have health insurance or face a yearly fine starting in four years.The law will also require companies with more than 50 employees to offer coverage.If not, they could face a fine of $2,000 a year for every worker.Also, this year the law will start closing what is known as “the doughnut hole”.That is a lack of Medicaid coverage for some drug costs for older Americans.President Obama promised senior citizens that the reforms will not cut their guaranteed benefits.The changes are expected to cost about $940 billion over ten years, but also help reduce the federal budget deficit.31.According to the new health care plan, which of the following will be added first into insurance programs? A.Employees of small companies.B.Adults with pre-existing health conditions.C.Poor people now without health insurance.D.Children with pre-existing health conditions.32.It can be inferred from the passage that the new Medicaid program for the poor will A.provide free health insurance for 32 million people B.provide free health insurance for all poor people C.be also applied to legal immigrants D.cover 83% of the people under 65 33.It seems that at present, large companies that do not offer health insurance coverage to their employees A.face heavy fines B.do not receive punishments C.are required to do so D.do not benefit from doing so 34.The “doughnut hole” implies that are not covered by the existing Medicaid program.A.some drug costs for older Americans B.senior citizens over 65 C.illegal immigrants D.expensed for hospital stay 35.Generally speaking, President Obama’s health insurance reform will A.bring heavy financial burdens to the country B.pose heavy financial burdens to the poor C.benefit both the people and the country D.be welcomed by the poor but opposed by companies.PART III Vocabulary and Structure(20 points)Directions : There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentences.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.36.You can arrive in Guangzhou on time for the fashion show you don’t mind taking the night train.A.provided B.unless C.though D.until 37.The students are still taking about the strange people they on their trip.A.meet B.had met C.were met D.met 38.The players expected there more free time after going back to the country from abroad.A.is B.being C.have been D.to be 39.The man who stopped from time to time as if he wanted to tie his shoelaces.A.was being followed B.was to follow C.had followed D.was once followed 40.has finished the task ahead of time will be rewarded, though we don’t know who it will be.A.Those who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.Who 41.At last I decided to pay a visit to my new general manager as soon as I A.finish what I did B.finished what I did C.would finish what I was doing D.finished what I was doing 42.These two countries are similar they both have a high snowfall during winter.A.to that B.besides that C.in that D.except that 43.They were surprised that a four-day-old boy should work out such a difficult problem they themselves couldn’t.A.once B.then C.while D.if 44.Word has come a large number of the British Airway employees will go on strike next week.A.that B.what C.when D.whether 45.We would say it’s the best use that this money.A.could be made of B.could be made C.could we make D.could make of 46.It’s getting late.Weleave now, or we’ll miss the last bus.A.had rather B.had better C.would rather D.would better 47.It is that a hundred people can dance in it.A.so large a room B.so a large room C.such large a room D.a such large room 48.I can never thank you much for your help.Without it, I couldn’t have finished my paper.A.so B.too C.as D.very 49.When I met her this morning, she had this look on her face.She must have worked late last night.A.tire B.tired C.tiring D.tiresome 50.Hawaii is a palace to relax;it’s also a marvelous spot to surf.A.much as B.less than C.more than D.rather as 51.I cannot believe that he my offer.A.turned on B.turned off C.turned down D.turned over 52.It was one of the most beautiful scenes I had ever set my eyes A.to B.on C.off D.for 53.Though the Chinese medicine tastes, it surely helps.A.bad B.badly C.worse D.worst 54.Night, the girl studying in her room switched on the light to do more reading.A.is falling B.has fallen C.fell D.having fallen 55.Doctors have said that as many as 50 percent of patients don’t take medicine directed.A.like B.so C.which D.as 56.The traditional approach to dealing with complex problems is to into smaller, more easily managed ones.A.break them down B.take them down C.make them up D.bring them up 57.Since man depends such a great extent on forests, every effort must be made to preserve trees and wildlife.A.on B.in C.to D.at 58.Many animals that lived thousands of years ago are now A.extinct B.existent C.distinct D.diverse 59.The government gave a very explanation of its plans for the development of electronic industry.A.comprehensible B.comprehensive C.expressive D.intensive 60.Many students because they are not prepared for our challenging program.A.turn out B.fall out C.let out D.drop out 61.When she said she would be ready to help us out, she well.A.meant B.pointed C.looked D.sensed 62.A dynamic free-market system can generate prosperity and progress on a global A.size B.scope C.scale D.dimension 63.More flight will be opened across the country with the fast growth of tourism.A.roads B.ways C.paths D.routes 64.Please your telephone message by writing to me.A.infer B.inform C.confirm D.contact 65.Red Cross is the operation to fly in supplies to the refuges.A.in touch of B.in charge of C.in honor of D.in pursuit of 66.Your debt situation is only temporary, and it is within your to resolve it.A.position B.strength C.power D.right 67.Suffering was easier to than the bitterness he felt destroying his spirit.A.bear B.resist C.take D.put 68.Most recent opinion polls suggest that the between the two parties has narrowed.A.distance B.gap C.lag D.disagreement 69.Due to the fog, the flight will be cancelled---we apologize for any A.discomfort B.bother C.difficulty D.inconvenience 70.They had mistaken me for Williams, but during dinner the confusion was A.raised up B.backed up C.mixed up D.cleared up 71.I should have gone with my first, which was not to do the interview.A.emotion B.instinct C.response D.sense 72.In the meantime, the question facing the committee is whether such research is the costs.A.worth B.value C.worthy D.valuable 73.We can accept your order payment is made in advance, including the transportation expenses.A.in the belief that B.in order that C.on the excuse that D.on condition that 74.The project manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to the investment plan within a week.A.look out B.make out C.work out D.hold out 75.To be truly successful, you must recognize what you and what your life interests are.A.maintains B.motivates C.dominates D.determines

Part IV Cloze Test(10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passag.For each numbered blank , there are 4 choices marked A,B, C and D.Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Mass immigration has benefited the economy greatly over the past ten years, a report claims today.It has helped avoid 76 of labor and skilled workers and the economy has been able to stay on a “stable growth path”, 77 the Work Foundation.Interest and inflation rates have also been kept 78 as a result of people coming to work in Britain---and this has not led to lower wages for workers or 79 unemployment levels.“The government has had hard time over immigration, not because it has lost control of the issue, 80 because it has failed to tell a convincing story 81 steady high-quality information,” the report claims.“The official statistics are so irregular that the government finds 82 difficult to defend otherwise good policies.” The Work Foundation is calling for work restrictions 83 Romanians and Bulgarians to be relaxed.The countries joined the European Union last year but their citizens do not have full 84 to move to Britain.The findings contrast with a recent House of Lords report, 85 said there was no evidence to suggest immigration generated significant economic benefits for the country.76.A.neglect B.shortage C.ignorance D.lacking 77.A.seeing to B.owing to C.according to D.referring to 78.A.lesser B.less C.fewer D.lower 79.A.affected B.effected C.infected D.selected 80.A.and B.or C.either D.but 81.A.linked to B.based on C.interested in D.taken in 82.A.them B.it C.that D.this 83.A.to B.for C.on D.at 84.A.powers B.forces C.rights D.strengths 85.A.which B.it C.this D.that Part V

Writing(15point)Directions: You are to write in 100-120 words about the title “The Problem(s)I Face(d)on My Job”.You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:

職場打拼不容易我在職場（曾經）遇到的問題是······解決的辦法是······結論

參考答案及精解 PartⅠ.Dialogue Completion(15 points)1.D 在回答對方贊揚時，英語中習慣的回答是“謝謝”。因此D為正確答案。2.C 當對方為所做的事情表示“歉意（sorry）”時，英語中習慣的回答不是“批評”。ABD三個答案都有“批評”的意思。因此C為正確答案。

3.D “Not me”的意思是“不是我；我不行；我不適合”；“So do I”的意思是“我也一樣”；“Same here”的意思是“我也是，彼此彼此”；“You got it”的意思是“沒問題，你干掉它！給你啦！”。針對說話人B回答“Pizza”時，說話人A說他自己喜歡巧克力冰激凌。根據此情景，說話人A應該是贊同說話人B的觀點，但是自己卻有不同的選擇。因此選項D為正確答案。

4.A 當說話人A對電腦表示抱怨時，說話人B回答道“把電腦重啟吧！”這是在給出建議，與此建議相搭配的應該是A答案“看看會不會好一點：是否有用”；B答案表達的是“無能為力”；C答案表達的是“誰知道？”；D答案表達的是“還有啥？”

5.A “It’s a lost cause.”是句習語，其意思是“沒希望了”。C答案當中的“cause”和D答案當中的“Lost”都誤解了習語當中的意思，B答案與說話人A的話不相關。A答案表達的是一種責備。“It serves you right!”的意思是“活該”。

6.A A答案的意思是“我也是”，用于強調含否定意義的短語；沒有“Me alike”這種表達；C答案用于肯定的認同；D答案應該是“Not that I know of”，其意思是“我不知道；據我所知不是那樣”。因此選項A為正確答案。

7.C You know what?（你知道嗎？）；That's good！（太好了！）；Don’t worry（不用擔心）；That’s it.（對；就是這樣了；就這么回事；就是如此了）。說話人A表示了對手術的恐懼，說話人B對其進行了安慰。因此C選項為正確答案。8.A Don’t look at me（別看著我，與我無關！）；You ask for it!（活該；自找的！）；You bet！（你可確信；的確；當然！）；Don’t be silly！（別傻了；別犯傻）。根據上下文，A選項為正確答案。

9.D 說話人A說：“麻煩接分機1058.”該句話并不是真正意義上的疑問句，所以回答不用“Yes”或者“No”。B答案：“好的，給你”不符合對話場景。D選項“對不起，您要的電話正忙”符合該打電話場景。

10.C 說話人A對說話人B表示祝賀，習慣的回答首先是“謝謝！”C選項“Thank you for the good news”（非常感謝你的這個好消息）符合題意，為正確答案。

11.C 游客說“想去大英博物館”，警察回答“不，不是很遠。大約十分鐘的路程”，這說明游客問的是“遠近”問題。根據情境，C選項符合該場景。12.D I think so（我也這樣認為）；I can’t wait（我迫不及待）；Good for you!（好得很！真服了你；對你有好處）；That’s fine with me.（好；沒問題；我沒意見）。說話人A說“火車10點出發，我9點鐘能夠來接你”，根據四個選項的意義，D選項符合該場景。

13.A 說話人A對未能趕上最后一趟火車而感到歉意，英語中習慣的回答不是“批評”。因此A選項“請不必說抱歉”符合該場景。

14.B 說話人A說“你肯定就是特迪。歡迎你來！”，這表明說話雙方應該相互不認識。“I’m fine.Thank you.”是對“How do you do?”的回答。“Here I am.”的意思是“我是；我到了；我就在這里”。“Who’s speaking please?”是電話用語。因此B選項“我是特迪。請問你是......？”符合此情景。

15.C 選項AB答非所問。“I wonder if you could tell me where to get map?”是個一般疑問句，對其肯定的回答一般用“Yes”或者“Sure”。因此答案選C。PartⅡ.Reading Comprehension(40points)Passage 1 16.A 細節推斷題。根據“There’s no mistaking it---he’s cheating.”和“you see him looking back and forth between the teacher and his paper”，我們可以推斷出Jeff害怕（afraid）被老師發現其作弊。

17.A 細節分析題。B選項當中的“anywhere”，C選項當中的“usually”，以及D選項當中的“happens when we don’t know the answer to a question”均未在文章中出現。從“At school, in addition to cheating on a test,”可以得出“mainly in test-related settings”的分析結果。

18.D 細節推斷題。文章第四段第二句“But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material?”與“can’t help to really get the knowledge”意義對應，由此可知答案為D項。

19.D 單詞釋義題。“have it all figured out”意為“弄明白什么事情；把事情搞清楚了”，這與D選項當中的“clearly know the consequences of cheating”意義對應。因此D選項為正確答案。20.C 文章主旨題。文章最后一句話“Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.”表明了文章的主旨——“quit cheating”。

參考譯文：正當沃德曼太太分發拼寫試卷時，你看見杰夫拿出一張上面寫滿密密麻麻詞語的小紙片。杰夫把它藏在自己緊握的拳頭中，但是很快又把它拿了出來。當他正在進行考試時，你看見他的目光來來回回地在老師與試卷間徘徊。錯不了——他在作弊。當一個人出現故意誤導、欺騙或不誠實行為時，這就是作弊。對于孩子來說，舞弊可能發生在學校，家庭或進行一場運動比賽時。如果一支棒球隊只能由8歲或更小的孩子組成的話，那么9歲孩子參與其中便是一種作弊。在學校，除了試卷上的作弊，小孩子也可能通過盜取他人在科學項目上的思想或通過網絡抄襲讀書報告，并把它作為是自己的原創作品提交上去而作弊。一個人傾向于作弊是因為作弊似乎讓復雜的事情看起來簡單了，就像能夠獲得試卷上的正確答案一樣。但是作弊并不能幫你解決你所不知道的問題，而且它對下一次考試也無益——除非這個人繼續作弊。有時候作弊者似乎是一切都明白。他們可能看電視而不去為了拼寫測試學習。但是其他人卻對這些作弊者失去了尊重，并且看不起他們。作弊者自己也許會因為他們自己參了水分的成績而感覺糟糕。而且，如果他們作弊被抓，他們在學校將陷入麻煩之中，可能在家里也難逃麻煩。一些孩子作弊是因為他們很忙或者很懶，不想花時間學習就想得到好成績。其他一些孩子認為自己如果不作弊的話就無法通過考試。即使當每一次作弊都看上去理由充分時，但作弊不是個好主意。

Passage 2 21.D 細節分析題。A選項當中的“No one”和B選項當中的“not be any”都是非常絕對的答案，文中沒有提及。C選項當中的“7,000 languages in history”屬于過度概括，文中也沒有提及。D選項當中的“will possibly disappear”是對文章第一段第一句的正確解讀。

22.B 細節分析題。根據文章第二段第二句當中所提及的official language “is used more often” and “often represent a form of control over a group of people.”，我們可以得出official language has a stronger influence。選項ACD均未在文中提及。

23.A 細節分析題。第四段第二、三句“Languages contain the histories, ideas and knowledge of a culture.Languages also contain valuable information about local medicines, plants and animals.”中包含了“culture and nature”的信息，由此可分析出A選項為正確答案。BCD當中的“the working of the human minds”，“more closely”和“reveal ancient people’s thoughts”文中均未提及。

24.D 細節分析題。由文中最后一段第一句“Any hope for protecting languages can be found in children and their willingness to learn.可推斷選項D正確，其余各項文中均未提及。25.C 文章主旨題。文章第四段第一句“Experts say protecting languages is very important for many reasons.”是主題句，而且文章最后一句提到“It is these young people who can keep this form of culture alive for future generations.”，而“this form of culture”指的就是“language”，由此可知C項正確。

參考譯文：專家說世界上的7000種語言，大約有超過一半以上的語言面臨著消失的危險。每兩個星期就有一種語言消失。有時候當最后一個懂這門語言的人死了，這一種語言也就立即消失了。或者，一種當地的語言也許會更加緩慢地消失。當一種官方語言被更加廣泛地使用，孩子們不再學習他們父母當地的語言，這種情況就會發生。官方語言往往代表著對一群人的一種控制。縱觀歷史，一個強勢群體所使用的語言會擴展到其文明。這種更具影響力的文化很少尊重那些弱小種族的語言和文化。當強勢群體的語言起著更加強大影響力的時候，弱勢群體便失去自己的地方語言。專家們有充分理由來說明保護語言是十分重要的。語言包含著一種文化的歷史、思想以及知識。語言也同樣包含著一些關于當地醫學、植物和動物的有價值的信息。許多瀕臨滅絕的語言是被那些與自然世界緊密相連的當地文化所使用。他們古老的語言中蘊含著許許多多關于環境體系和科學家們未知動植物種類的信息。當這門語言最后的掌握者離去時，這一種語言中所攜帶的有價值的信息也就消失了。從眾多角度來說，語言是心靈和世界的一扇窗。保護語言的希望可以從孩子們身上以及他們學習語言的意愿當中找到。能夠為我們將來的子孫后代保存這種文化形式的人正是這些年輕人。

Passage 3 26.C 細節推斷題。由文章第四段第一句話“the Pew Internet and American Life Project”和第五段的最后一句“About 60 million Americans told Pew”可知C項正確。

27.B 細節推斷題。文章第二段第二句提到“Until the Internet and e-mail came along, our social networks involved flesh-and-blood relatives, friends, neighbors, and colleagues at work.”，中間的“relatives, friends, neighbors, and colleagues at work”指的都是“people”，由此可知B項正確。

28.A 細節推斷題。由文章第二段第三句“Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.”中的“person to person”可知A項正確。

29.B 細節推斷題。由文章第四段第一句“electronic interaction through the computer has replaced a great deal of social interchange.”可知B項正確。30.A 文章主旨題。從文章最后一段“So we networked individuals are pretty tricky...”可以看出作者中立的觀點，因此A項正確。

參考譯文：加拿大多倫多大學的一名教授提出了一個術語，這個術語描述了我們很多北美人近年來的互動方式。并且一項重大的研究調查證實了這一點。巴利〃威爾曼的術語是“網絡個體主義 ”。這并不是個容易理解的概念。實際上，這兩個字看上去自相矛盾。我們怎么可以同時做到個性化并且網絡化？你需要其他人來組建你的網絡。這是他一直所認為的。在互聯網和電子郵件的到來之前，我們的社交網絡涉及有血有肉的親戚、朋友、鄰居以及共事的同事。其中一些交流是靠手機，但是仍然是實時的聲音對聲音，人與人之間的交流。但是佩尤研究中心“網絡與美國生活項目”的最新研究證實，對于大多數人來說，通過電腦的電子互動已經替代了一大部分的社會交流。互聯網正在讓我們成為拒絕其他人而支持電腦屏幕上的虛幻世界的隱居者，因為對此的關心，佩尤研究中心所調查的很多人認為這是件好事。相反，佩尤研究中心的研究表明：互聯網讓我們接觸到的人比我們真實想象到的要多得多，同時還很用幫助的人。為了尋求有關求職、醫療風險、小孩撫養和選擇學校或大學的建議，我們正在不斷擴大網絡交際面。大約有6000萬美國人通過佩尤研究中心認為互聯網在幫助他們作出人生的重要抉擇時起著一個至關重要的作用。所以我們這些網絡化的個人很是滑稽：我們自己不愿意與人交際，與此同時又去接觸更多的人，我們所需要做的僅僅是點擊一下鼠標。

Passage 4

31.B 細節推斷題。文章第一段最后一句提到“Adults with pre-existing conditions will be added in four years.”（四年之內，有過往病史的成年人也將納入投保范圍），由此推斷答案為B。

32.A 細節推斷題。由文章第二段第三句“In all, the plan aims to make health insurance available to 32 million people now without it.”（總之，該計劃目的在于為目前沒有醫療保險的三千兩百萬美國人提供保險。）可知A項正確。33.B 細節推斷題。文章第四段第二、三句句提到“The law will also require companies with more than 50 employees to offer coverage.If not, they could face a fine of $2,000 a year for every worker.”（該法律還要求擁有超過50名雇員的公司參保。否則，他們將面臨2,000美元每人每年的罰款。），這就意味著現在沒有對應的懲罰。由此可知B項正確。34.A 細節推斷題。文中第五段第二句提到“That is a lack of Medicaid coverage for some drug costs for older Americans.”（這指的是醫療保障項目對美國老年人使用的某些藥物費用缺少覆蓋。），由此可知A項正確。

35.C 文章主旨題。從文章第二段第一句“The government will help millions of people pay for insurance.”和文章最后一句“...but also help reduce the federal budget deficit.”可知奧巴馬的醫療改革將“benefit both the people and the country”。因此C項正確，其余各項文章均無提及。

參考譯文：奧巴馬總統已經簽署法律，對醫保體系進行45年來最大的改革。這項計劃的許多部分需要四年時間才能全面生效，但是其中一些措施將很快生效。例如，六個月之內，新的法律將禁止保險公司拒絕為存在過往病史（pre-existing conditions）的兒童投保。四年之內，有過往病史的成年人也將納入投保范圍。政府將幫助數百萬人支付保險費用，還將允許數百萬人通過低收入人口醫療保障計劃(Medicaid program)獲得免費覆蓋。總之，該計劃目的在于為目前沒有醫療保險的三千兩百萬美國人提供保險。但非法移民將不能參加。現在，預計83%合法居住在美國的65歲以下的人口被保險覆蓋，該計劃期望在幾年之內將醫保覆蓋面提升至95%。65歲以上人口由政府在1965年設立的醫療保障項目(Medicare)提供保險覆蓋。四年之內，美國民眾將第一次被要求參加醫療保險，否則每年都將面臨罰款。該法律還要求擁有超過50名雇員的公司參保。否則，他們將面臨2,000美元每人每年的罰款。今年，該法律還將關閉所謂的“甜甜圈洞”。這指的是醫療保障項目對美國老年人使用的某些藥物費用缺少覆蓋。奧巴馬總統向年長市民承諾，醫療改革不會削減他們的保證利益。這項長達10年的計劃預計將耗資9400億美元，但是同時幫助削減了聯邦預算赤字。

Part III.Vocabulary and Structures(20 points)36.A provided 引導句子時有“假定”之意。provided（常 ~ that；表條件）在?條件下；倘若，假若，只要(only if)；unless 除非，如果不(= if?not)；though雖然；盡管；until在?以前；直到?時。題干意思：如果你不介意乘坐這趟夜間火車的話，你就能夠準時到達廣州趕上時裝秀。

37.D 本題考查時態。旅途中的“遇見”是過去發生的動作，因此排除A（一般現在時）和C（被動語態）；B選項（過去完成時）一般與過去式組合。因此正確答案為D。題干意思：學生們正在談論他們在旅途中遇見的陌生人。38.D 本題考查There be的用法。“There being”通常表示“已經存在”的事情。“There to be”可以用作一個動詞的賓語，我們通常稱之為復合賓語，其意義常表示對將來的一種意愿或希望，但目前還沒“存在”。題干意思：這群運動員期望回國之后有更多的自由時間。39.A 本題考查過去進行時被動語態的用法。本句所強調的是“正在”被跟蹤，因此要用過去進行時的被動語態。題干意思：被跟蹤的這個人時不時地停下來，好像是想去系鞋帶。

40.A 本題考查的是名詞性從句引導詞。“will be rewarded”是真正的謂語動詞，前面應當是名詞性定語從句做主語。A選項“Those who”與“who it will be（單數）”相矛盾；B選項應當是“Anyone who”；D選項與題意不符。題干意思：雖然我們不知道這個人是誰，但是無論誰提前完成此項工作都將獲得獎勵。

41.D 根據題意，as soon as所引導的時間狀語從句中，謂語動詞finish所發生的時間為“過去將來”。這里的“過去將來”要用一般過去時來表示，不用過去將來時，因而選項D是正確答案。as soon as所引起的時間狀語從句中，用一般過去時表示“過去將來”時間的用法，類似于用一般現在時來表示“將來”時間的用法。題干意思：最后我決定一做完手頭的工作就去拜訪我的新任總經理。42.C besides that此外；in that意為“因為”；except that只可惜；除了?之外。題干意思：這兩個國家的情形相似，因為冬季降雪很多。

43.C while是并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，前后有對比的意味。題干意思：一個四天大的男孩竟然能夠解決如此有難度的問題，而他們自己卻不能，對此他們很是驚訝。44.A that可引導同位語從句，說明被修飾名詞的內容。題干意思：有消息稱下周很多英國航空公司職員將參加罷工。

45.A 這個一個主語從句，it 指代 that 后面的內容。be made of 是固定詞組，意為“利用”。題干意思：我們可以說這是這筆錢的最好用處。46.A had rather寧肯，寧愿；had better最好；would rather寧愿，寧可；would better應該，必須。題干意思：天不早了。我們最好馬上就走，否則就趕不上最后一趟班車了。47.A 引導結果狀語從句的句型主要有：so＋adj(adv)＋that從句；so＋adj＋a(an)＋n＋that從句；such＋a(an)＋adj＋n＋that從句。表示“這樣??（一個）??以至于??”。題干意思：這么大的一座房子以至于可以容納一百個人一同跳舞。

48.B I can never thank you too much.意為“我無論怎么感謝你都不為過（多）——即感激不盡。”類似的表達還有 I can’t agree more——非常贊同。題干意思：對你的幫助我表示感激不盡。若是沒有你的幫助，我不能完成我的論文。49.B tire輪胎，使疲倦，厭煩，勞累；tired疲倦的，疲憊的，感到疲倦；tiring累人的；tiresome 令人厭煩，無聊的，吃力的。題干意思：今天早上碰到她時，她一臉疲憊，昨天肯定是工作到很晚。

50.B much as（雖然，盡管）表讓步；less than小于,決不,毫不；more than不僅僅是，超過；rather as不是標準詞組。題干意思：夏威夷不僅是個休閑天堂，同時還是個飄浪的絕佳地方。

51.B turned on打開，發動；turned off關上，出產，解雇；turned down關小，調低，拒絕； turned over翻過來，翻倒；移交，交；仔細考慮。題干意思：他拒絕我所開出的條件，我簡直不能相信。

52.B set eyes on是固定詞組，意為見到，望見。題干意思：這是我見過的最漂亮的景色之一。

53.A taste在這里做感官系動詞，后面接形容詞做補足語，說明主語情況，類似的系動詞還有feel, sound, smell。題干意思：這中藥雖然嘗起來苦，但肯定是有幫助的。54.D 本題的后半部分是主句，真正的謂語動詞是switched on。Night引導的是從句，having fallen是現在分詞完成式，做狀語。題干意思：夜幕降臨時，在房里學習的這個女孩打開了燈，想接著讀。55.D as directed為as they are directed的省略形式，as引導方式狀語，意為“象?”而like為介詞，不可引導從句。當從句中的主語與主句中的主語一致時，從句中的主語和謂語動詞的一部分可以省略。題干意思：醫生們說有百分之50之多的病人不按說明書用藥。56.B break down分解；take down記下，拿下，拆卸，病倒；make up彌補，組成，化妝，整理，捏造；bring up提出，教育，養育，嘔出，（船等）停下。題干意思：對于復雜問題的解決辦法一般就是把問題分成多個小一些，簡單一些的問題來處理。57.C to such a great extent意為“這么大的程度上”。題干意思：由于人類這么大程度上依賴深林，因此我們應盡一切的努力以保護樹木和野生動物。

58.A extinct滅絕的，絕種的，熄滅的；existent生存者，存在的；distinct明顯的，獨特的，清楚的，有區別的；diverse不同的，多種多樣的，變化多的。題干意思：許多生活在幾千年以前的動物現在已經沒絕了。

59.B comprehensible可理解的；comprehensive廣泛的，綜合的；expressive有表現力的；intensive加強的，集中的，加強語氣的。題干意思：政府對電子工業發展的規劃作了詳盡的解釋。

60.D turn out生產，結果是，關掉，出動，驅逐；fall out脫落，爭吵，離隊；let out放出，泄露，出租；drop out退出，退學，脫離。題干意思：許多學生因為沒有準備好應對我們的挑戰性項目而中途退出了。

61.A she meant well意為“她是好意的”；pointed指出；looked看起來；sensed感覺。題干意思：當她說她準備幫助我們擺脫困境時，她是好意的。

62.C size大小，尺寸；scope范圍，余地，視野，眼界，導彈射程；scale規模，比例，鱗，刻度，天平，數值范圍；dimension維，尺，次元，容積。on a global scale是個固定詞組，意為“全球規模的，全球性的，全球范圍內”。題干意思：一個有活力的自由市場體系能夠在全球范圍內促成繁榮與進步。

63.D road公路，道路，手段；way方法，道路，方向，行業，習慣；path道路，小路，軌道；route路線，航線，通道，flight routes航線。題干意思：隨著旅游業的快速增長，國與國之間將開辟更多的航線。

64.C infer推斷，推論；inform通知，告訴，報告；confirm進一步證實，確定，支持；contact聯系，接觸。題干意思：請給我來封信，好進一步證實你在電話中傳達的消息。

65.B in touch of可接近的，可做到的，可達到的；in charge of負責，主管；in honor of向?致敬，向?表示敬意，為慶祝?；in pursuit of尋求，追求。題干意思：紅十字會負責向難民空運供給。66.C position位置，職位，姿態；strength力量，強度，力氣，兵力，長處；power力量，勢力，動力；right正確，右邊，正義，權利。within one’s power意為“力所能及”。題干意思：你的債務狀況只是暫時，你有能力解決。

67.A bear結果實，忍受，具有，支撐；resist抵抗，忍耐，忍住；take拿，取，采取，吃，接受；put放，表達，移動，安置，賦予。題干意思：與他感覺自己的精神被摧毀的苦惱相比，身體的痛苦更加容易忍受。68.B distance距離，遠方，疏遠，間隔；gap間隙，缺口，空白；lag落后，遲延，防護套，囚犯，桶板；disagreement不一致，爭論，意見不同。題干意思：最近絕大多數民意調查表明兩黨之間的隔閡已經縮小。

69.D discomfort不適，不安；bother麻煩，煩惱；difficulty困難，困境；inconvenience不便，麻煩。題干意思：由于大霧，本次航班取消。由此給您帶來的不便，敬請原諒。70.D raised up舉起，抬起；backed up支持，援助，（資料）備份，倒退；mixed up混淆，拌和，調和；cleared up澄清，清理，放晴，打掃。題干意思：他們將我誤認為是威廉了，但是這種誤會在晚餐期間被澄清了。

71.B emotion情感；情緒；instinct本能，直覺，天性；response響應，反應，回答；sense感覺，官能；觀念，道理，理智。題干意思：我應該跟著我的第一直覺走，那就是不去做那次采訪。72.A worth值?的，價值，財產；value價值，重要性，價格，評價，估價，重視；worthy值得的，有價值的，配得上的，相稱的，可尊敬的，應?的，杰出人物，知名人士；valuable有價值的，貴重的，可估價的，貴重物品。be worth something = be worth doing something = be worthy of something = be worthy to be soemthing = be worthy of doing something。題干意思：在此同時，委員會面臨的問題是這樣的研究是否值得這筆花費。

73.D in the belief that相信??；in order that目的是??；on the excuse that作為??的辯解；on condition that以??作為條件。題干意思：我們接受你的訂貨，條件是必須提前付款，還得包括運輸費用。

74.C look out注意，向外看；make out辨認，明白，寫出；work out(=develop, devise, arrange)制訂，設計；hold out堅持，伸出，提供，維持，抵制，主張，扣留。題干意思：項目經理問他的助手能否在一周之內完成（制定出）投資方案。75.B maintain維持，繼續，維修，主張，供養；motivate刺激，使有動機，激發?的積極性；dominate控制，支配，占優勢，在?中占主要地位；determine決定，判決，使?下定決心。題干意思：要想獲得真正的成功，你必須認識到激勵自己的是什么以及自己的生活興趣是什么。

Part Ⅳ.Close

76.B neglect疏忽，忽略，怠慢；shortage不足，缺少，短缺；ignorance無知，愚昧，不知，不懂；lacking缺乏的，沒有的，不足的。

77.C seeing to注意，留心；owing to由于，因為；according to根據，按照，取決于，據??所說；referring to關于；提及；參閱。

78.D low interest rate低利息率，low inflation rate低通貨膨脹率。

79.A affected受到影響的；effected實現了的；受影響的；infected被感染的；selected挑選出來的。

80.D 本題考查的是對“not...but”的掌握，意為“不是??而是” 81.B linked to鏈接到，把??和??連接，把?和?聯系起來；based on以??為基礎，基于；interested in對??有興趣；taken in對??加以考慮；收進。

82.B it做形式賓語。find后面常加形式賓語，再加形容詞，最后加帶to 的動詞不定式。不定式短語to defend otherwise good policies做finds的賓語，difficult是賓語補足語。

83.C restrictions on表示“對??的限制”，類似的用法還有lift sanctions on撤消制裁；impose sanctions on進行制裁；實施制裁。

84.C power力量，勢力，動力；force力量，武力，軍隊，魄力；right正確，右邊，正義，權利；strength力量，強度，力氣，兵力，長處。have rights to do sth有權利去做某事。85.A which引導非限制性定語從句，指代“House of Lords report”。參考譯文：今天的一份報道宣稱，在過去十年里，國家的經濟已經大大地得益于大量的移民。根據工作基金會的報道，移民的到來已經幫助國家避免了勞動力和熟練工人的短缺，經濟能夠在“穩定發展之路”上繼續得以保持。由于人們來到英國工作，利息和通貨膨脹率也被保持在低水平——而且這并沒有導致工人工資更低和失業狀況受到影響。報道宣稱，“政府對移民問題一直感到很費勁，不是因為掌控不了移民問題，而是因為政府未能夠傳遞一個基于穩定高質量信息且有說服力的信息。” “官方的統計數據是如此之混亂，以至于政府發現很難去為本來就很好的政策進行辯護。”工作基金會呼吁應該放松對羅馬尼亞人和保加利亞人的工作限制。這兩個國家去年加入了歐盟，但是其公民卻沒有足夠的權利移居英國。這些研究與上議院最近的一份報告相沖突，上議院的報告稱，沒有證據表明移民為英國產生了顯著的經濟效益。

Part Ⅴ Writing：

The problems I faced on my job It is universally acknowledged that it is hard to survive in the battlefield of career.Numerous problems may occur even if we are well-prepared.I still remembered the most difficult problem I encountered on my job is about how to get along with my colleagues.It seems quite easy on the surface, but at that time I tried my utmost to establish a harmonious relationship with them and I failed.First, it is hard to deal with my female colleagues.What I tell them today is what other colleagues know tomorrow.It is impossible for them to keep words.Second, I find difficulty in communicating with my supervisor.It seems he is never satisfied with my work.I tried several ways to improve the situation.For my female colleagues, I made it a rule that I will never talk about other colleagues’ privacy with them.I never make any negative comments.Instead, I use positive words to describe other people.For my supervisor, I tried to communicate with him when he is less impatient and moody.People tend to accept others’ opinions when they are relaxed and in a happy mood.I find this method very helpful.Now I am a senior staff in my company.When problems occur, it is no use complaining about them.My own experience is good example to show that problems can be solved successfully.http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=2mpWjlek2vnH8ALfDPlr6Avfqvl53shk12rSWx3Nuh2IEiMUSJug3F0QKPkVXpoxTQwLSjkGNo7aBZqe-h2lORnqY3kz2ngjvcYpJgA30Uu

第四篇：周恩來鮮為人知的外語水平

周恩來鮮為人知的外語水平

周恩來留日期間1918年4月3日的日記寫道：“閱英文報，得知日政府又提二十條于中國矣！”在日本閱讀英文報紙，可見其英語水平的確高矣。周恩來一直有閱讀英文報紙的習慣，《百年恩來》的紀錄片中就有他在工作之余閱讀英文報紙的鏡頭。美國記者斯諾在《西行漫記》中記述了他與周恩來的會面：“他講英語有點遲緩，但相當準。”1954年周恩來在日內瓦會議之后經過莫斯科，參加蘇聯人舉辦的一個酒會，當周恩來致辭時，他使用了英語，以致與會的不少蘇聯權貴還要翻譯把他的英語致辭翻譯為俄語。基辛格博士在回憶錄《白宮歲月》里這樣描寫他所認識的周恩來：“他聽英語時，不必等到翻譯，臉上的笑容和表示理解的表情，很清楚的表示他是聽得懂英語的。”尼克松總統順利訪華簽署了《中美聯合公報》，答謝宴會上，章含之在翻譯尼克松的致辭時翻譯錯了一個詞，尼克松當時說中美之間的距離很近，才1.7萬英里，當時他說的“1.7萬”英文表達就是“17個千”，當時章含之翻譯成“1700英里”。在場沒有一個中方人員聽得出來，只有周恩來抬起頭來說：“含之，太近了點兒吧。”周恩來除了英語水平較高外，還接觸過日語、法語、德語、俄語。1917年9月，19歲的周恩來從南開學校畢業后東赴日本，進入日本東亞高等預備學校主修日語。1941年4月，美國作家海明威夫婦訪華時，在重慶見到了周恩來。海明威夫婦與周恩來之間的交談沒有使用英語，而是由王炳南的德籍妻子擔任翻譯，通過法語進行。據說海明威選擇歐美上流貴族在交際場合使用的語言來表示對周恩來的尊重，更讓海明威驚奇的是周恩來竟然不用翻譯就能聽懂法語。柬埔寨國王西哈努克親王在他的回憶錄中對周恩來的法語水平有這樣的評價：“周恩來有一位很出色的法語翻譯，其口語相當流暢標準，但她在傳達總理的連珠妙語時，偶爾也會出現一兩處小錯。智慧超人的周恩來出于謙虛，同我交談時沒有使用法語，可是他明察秋毫，總是盡可能禮貌地指出和糾正翻譯的失誤，讓她重作確切的表述。”

第五篇：理論水平—科研能力—外語水平

該申請人理論水平較為扎實，在畢業論文中準確地闡述了各個基本概念，較為詳細敘述了納米科技的發展和現狀，并且較系統地歸納和評述了國內外一定量的有關文獻，反映出作者具有較強的基礎理論水平。

該文章選題恰當，具有一定的理論意義和使用價值，作者系統的總結了大量過內容相關領域的文獻，反應了作者良好的分析能力，并且在文章中對相關內容有一定的創新突破，反應了作者具有較強的科研創新能力。

作者在學習期間閱讀了大量英文文獻，并且發表過有署名的SCI/EI檢索的論文共7篇，反應了作者具有良好的英文閱讀和寫作能力。

論文取得了下列研究成果：

1.通過文獻分析了已有制備金、銀納米顆粒的方法，并在分析各自特點的基礎上，總結出一種制備銀納米顆粒的快速、簡易方法。

2.分析了檸檬酸鈉還原法制備球形的金納米顆粒溶液，并在玻璃片上進行自組裝；通過 HTEM和紫外-可見分光光度計測量比較金納米顆粒的各項性能；并通過蛋白修飾研究金納米顆粒表面覆膜后的光譜特性，測得其對環境折射率變化的靈敏性。

3.根據DDA算法，利用仿真軟件DDSCAT對納米顆粒的光學性質進行仿真對比，優化納米顆粒的材質與尺寸；利用FDTD方法分析納米顆粒的表面電場分布。

4.利用簡易、綠色的方法制備碳量子點。通過HTEM、拉曼光譜、XPS、紫外-可見分光光度計測試了碳量子點的光學特性及其對細胞的熒光標記。論文結構較為嚴謹，敘述較為清楚，理論分析比較深入，數據可信，結論正確。