第一篇:2009年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽力短文理解應(yīng)急高招
2009年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽力短文理解應(yīng)急高招
聽力短文因?yàn)槲恼螺^長(zhǎng),涉及的信息較多,相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)難度較大。而我們能夠讀取的信息仍然就只有幾個(gè)選項(xiàng),因此聽音前閱讀選項(xiàng)、了解短文的弦外之音、從選項(xiàng)中尋找突破點(diǎn)就變得更為重要。尤其是在因?yàn)橐粫r(shí)緊張而只聽到只言片語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,下面的幾個(gè)應(yīng)急高招可能真的可以成為你的“救命稻草”呢!絕對(duì)有效,不信就試試!
第一招:主題不一致的選項(xiàng)不要選
一是要與整篇短文的主題一致。根據(jù)各題選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容我們往往可以大致推測(cè)出短文的主題,如果某一選項(xiàng)明顯與短文主題不相關(guān),那么該選項(xiàng)往往不是答案。
二是要與選項(xiàng)所在題目的主題一致。與其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容明顯不同,即與該題主題明顯不相關(guān)選項(xiàng)往往不是答案。
第二招:相反的選項(xiàng)必有一個(gè)為答案
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,如果有兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思明顯相反,那么其中往往有一個(gè)為答案。
第三招:相近的選項(xiàng)均不是答案
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,如果有兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思明顯相近,那么這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往均不是答案。
第四招:包含其他選項(xiàng)的選項(xiàng)不是答案
有的選項(xiàng)的含義明顯包含另一個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義,那么該選項(xiàng)往往不是答案。
第五招:不符常理的選項(xiàng)不要選
有的選項(xiàng)明顯不符合該對(duì)話情景下的常識(shí)或常理,那么該選項(xiàng)往往不是答案。
【例1】 【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】 11.[A] Social work.[B] Medical care.[C] Applied physics.[D] Special education.12.[A]The timely advice from her friends and relatives.[B] The two-year professional training she received.[C] Her determination to fulfill her dream.[D] Her parents’ consistent moral support.13.[A] To get the funding for the hospitals.[B] To help the disabled children there.[C] To train therapists for the children there.[D] To set up an institution for the handicapped.【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】 預(yù)覽三道題各選項(xiàng),由medical care(醫(yī)療護(hù)理), hospitals, 以及therapists(治療專家)可推測(cè)本文可能與醫(yī)療工作有關(guān);而由special education(特殊教育),disabled(殘疾的)和handicapped(殘疾的)可推測(cè)本文還可能與殘疾人特殊教育有關(guān),但12、13題各選項(xiàng)并沒(méi)有涉及到任何有關(guān)教育的問(wèn)題。因此綜合來(lái)看,本文主題很可能是關(guān)于殘疾人的醫(yī)療工作。
11.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是某一學(xué)科領(lǐng)域,由前面對(duì)主題的分析可推斷本題答案為[B]Medical care的可能性較大,聽音時(shí)再確認(rèn)具體是哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域。12.選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)表明本題很可能是關(guān)于影響“她”做某種決定的因素(friends and relatives, parents, training, determination)。聽音時(shí)主要判斷是來(lái)自“誰(shuí)”的因素。
13.選項(xiàng)均為不定式形式,表明本題很可能是考查某事的目的或原因。[A]是有關(guān)資金問(wèn)題,偏離主題,不大可能為答案。聽音時(shí)需留意以下要點(diǎn):help disabled children;train therapists;set institution for handicapped。
【聽音驗(yàn)證】
Born and raised in central Ohio, I’m a country girl through and through.[11] I’m currently studying to become a physical therapist, a career path that marks a greater achievement for me.At Ohio State University, admission into the physical therapy program is intensely competitive.I made it pass the first cuts the first year I applied, but was turned down for admission.I was crushed, because for years I have been determined to become a physical therapist.I received advice from friends and relatives about changing my major and finding another course for my life.I just couldn’t do it.I knew I could not be as happy in another profession.[12] So I stilled myself, began to work seriously for another year and reapplied.Happily I received notice of my admission.Later, I found out that less than 15% of the applicant had been offered positions that year.Now in the first two years of professional training, I couldn’t be happier with my decision not to give up on my dream.My father told me that if I wanted it badly enough, I would get in.Well, Daddy, I wanted it.So there.After graduation, I would like to travel to another country, possibly a Latin American country and [13] work in a children's hospital for a year or two.So many of the children there are physically handicapped but most hospitals don’t have the funding to hire trained staff to care for them properly.I would like to change that somehow.【答案解析】 11.What is the speaker's field of study? 【解析】選[B]。推斷題。本題是問(wèn)說(shuō)話者研究的領(lǐng)域是什么。根據(jù)文中的studying to become a physical therapist可知說(shuō)話人目前在學(xué)習(xí)成為一名理療師,而physical therapist明顯屬于medical care的范疇,由此可推知說(shuō)話人的學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域?qū)儆趍edical care(醫(yī)療)范疇。故答案為[B]。解答此題時(shí)切忌將physical therapist(理療師)中的physical與physics(物理學(xué))聯(lián)系起來(lái)而誤選[C]。
12.According to the speaker, what contributed to her admission to Ohio State University? 【解析】選[C]。推斷題。本題是問(wèn)說(shuō)話者被俄亥俄州立大學(xué)錄取的原因是什么。根據(jù)文中So I stilled myself, began to work seriously for another year and reapplied.一句可知說(shuō)話人堅(jiān)持了自己的夢(mèng)想,并努力為實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想而奮斗,由此可推知她最終被錄取是因?yàn)樗齞etermination to fulfill her dream(實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的決心),故答案為[C]。本題的答案是解答本題要注意不能根據(jù)只言片語(yǔ)妄下結(jié)論,如聽到received advice from friends and relatives就誤選[A]。
13.Why does the speaker want to go to a Latin American country? 【解析】選[B]。細(xì)節(jié)題。本題是問(wèn)說(shuō)話者想去拉美國(guó)家的原因是什么。根據(jù)文中work in a children's hospital for a year or two.So many of the children there are physically handicapped but most hospitals don’t have ?可知說(shuō)話人想去拉美國(guó)家是為了help the disabled children there(幫助那里的殘疾兒童),故答案為[B]。
【例2】【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】 14.[A]Coca Cola.[B]Sausage.[C]Milk.[D]Fried chicken.15.[A] He has had thirteen decayed teeth.[B]He doesn’t have a single decayed tooth.[C]He has fewer decayed teeth than other people of his age.[D]He never had a single tooth pulled out before he was fifty.16.[A] Brush your teeth right before you go to bed in the evening.[B]Have as few of your teeth pulled out as possible.[C]Have your teeth X-rayed at regular intervals.[D]Clean your teeth shortly after eating.【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】
14.由15、16題各選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可推測(cè)本文主題應(yīng)該是關(guān)于牙齒保健。而本題選項(xiàng)都是食物或飲料,結(jié)合對(duì)文章主題的分析,本題很可能是問(wèn)哪種東西對(duì)牙齒有害。根據(jù)常識(shí),四種食物或飲料中Coca Cola最容易傷害牙齒,因?yàn)槠浜橇枯^高。
15.選項(xiàng)表明本題考查的是某人的牙齒狀況(是否有蛀牙)。[A]、[B]、[C]都是關(guān)于蛀牙的問(wèn)題,[D]則是關(guān)于拔牙的問(wèn)題,故可初步排除。16.選項(xiàng)表明本題考查的是保護(hù)牙齒的正確方法。根據(jù)對(duì)前兩題的分析可推知,本題很可能是關(guān)于預(yù)防蛀牙的方法,并且很可能與飲食有關(guān)。因此[B]、[C]為答案的可能性較小;而[A]、[D]為答案的可能性較大。【聽音驗(yàn)證】
How many teeth have you had filled in the past 2 years? If you follow the advice of Dr.Forstic, you may be able to reduce the number of your visit to a dentist.Dr.Forstic conducted a two-year survey to find out how to prevent or reduce dental decay.946 students took part in the experiment.523 students cleaned their teeth within 10 minutes of eating.When possible, they used toothbrush.When this was impossible, they washed their mouth thoroughly with water.The remaining 423 students merely cleaned their teeth when they went to bed and when they got up in the morning.All the students had their teeth X-rayed at the end of the first and second years.At the end of the first year, the night-and-morning group had three times as many decayed teeth as the clean-after-each-meal group.At the end of the second year, the latter group had 53% fewer decayed teeth than the former group.[15B] Dr.Forstic has cleaned his teeth after every meal for 13 years, and has not had a single decayed tooth.[14A]He pointed out that sugar is a major agent in dental decay, particularly the sugar in sweets, cakes and soft drinks.Ideally, [16D]you should keep a toothbrush in your pocket and use it immediately after you have finished eating.When this is impractical, you can at least make sure that you have a drink of water and let the water through your teeth, to force out any particles of food.Seven out of ten people lose at least half their teeth by the time they are fifty.Many have a complete set of false teeth by that time.In any case, neither toothache nor a visit to a dentist is very pleasant.So, it is worthwhile making an effort to keep your own teeth as long as possible.The main preventive agent is simply water.【答案解析】
14.According to the passage, what type of food or drink is most likely to cause dental decay? 【解析】 選[A]。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文中“ sugar is a major agent in dental decay, particularly the sugar in sweets, cakes and soft drinks.”而 Coca Cola 是soft drinks中的一種,故答案為[A]。
15.What does the passage tell us about the condition of Doctor Forstic’s teeth? 【解析】 選[B]。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文中Dr.Forstic has cleaned his teeth after every meal for 13 years, and has not had a single decayed tooth.可知Dr.Forstic沒(méi)有一顆蛀牙,故答案為[B]。
16.What does Doctor Forstic suggest to prevent dental decay? 【解析】 選[D]。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文中you should keep a toothbrush in your pocket and use it immediately after you have finished eating.可知飯后保持牙齒的清潔是防止蛀牙的有效方法,故答案為[D]。
第二篇:大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)短文聽力
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)短文聽力:提問(wèn)方式及解題對(duì)策
短文聽力的提問(wèn)方式最常見的有4種類型。
1.中心思想題。這類問(wèn)題主要是測(cè)試文章的主題思想。
提問(wèn)方式有:What is the main idea of the passage? What can we learn from this passage? What is the best title for this passage? What is the passage mainly about? What is the speaker talking about?等等。
做這一類題時(shí)一定要注意集中精力聽好短文的開頭,因?yàn)樗募?jí)聽力短文一般會(huì)開門見山,把中心思想置于文章的開頭。另外,如果文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)同一詞匯或同一類詞匯,同樣也值得我們特別注意,因?yàn)榘羞@類詞匯的選項(xiàng)能較好地體現(xiàn)中心思想,通常就是正確答案。
2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。所考察的細(xì)節(jié)包括具體時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、主要人物或事件、各種數(shù)字等,問(wèn)題一般為wh-question的形式。
這類題要求我們聽到文中出現(xiàn)時(shí)間、數(shù)字時(shí)一定要特別敏感,及時(shí)做好筆記;另外,文中一旦出現(xiàn)以因果連詞(如because, so, due to等)和轉(zhuǎn)折連詞(如but, however, though等)引導(dǎo)的句子也要格外留心,這些地方往往就是考點(diǎn)。
3.對(duì)錯(cuò)判斷題。這類題常用以下提問(wèn)方式:Which of the following is true/not true, according to the passage? Which of the following is not mentioned?等等。聽到這類題時(shí),一定要聽清提問(wèn),對(duì)于有沒(méi)有not一詞要弄清楚。一般情況下,not一詞會(huì)重讀。
4.推理推測(cè)題。這類題需要對(duì)文中的信息進(jìn)行分析推斷,才能作出正確的選擇。提問(wèn)方式有:What can be infer from the passage? What does the speaker think about the problem...? What does the speaker most concerned about? How does the writer feel about...?等等。
做這類題時(shí)一定要注意與短文內(nèi)容一樣的不是推斷,而且一定要根據(jù)短文的觀點(diǎn)而不是根據(jù)自己的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)推斷。
第三篇:四級(jí)聽力短文聽力解題技巧
一、命題特點(diǎn)
四級(jí)考試短文聽力的命題特點(diǎn)主要包括:
1.形似閱讀理解,難度相差懸殊。聽力短文在形式上與閱讀理解基本相同,都是根據(jù)材料所包含的信息回答后面提出的問(wèn)題,但聽力短文材料的難度比閱讀理解小得多,只相當(dāng)于一般的口語(yǔ)材料。因此考生完全沒(méi)有必要被其外在形式嚇倒。
2.短文播放時(shí)間固定,但有彈性時(shí)間可利用。雖然短文播放的時(shí)間及回答問(wèn)題的時(shí)間是固定的,但播放聽力錄音之前有大約90秒的試音時(shí)間,且在播放短文之前要播放本題的指令部分(directions),這些時(shí)間都是可以利用的。
3.短文體裁較為固定,為做出正確判斷提供了語(yǔ)境依據(jù)。聽力短文多為說(shuō)明文或敘述性小故事,材料較為通俗易懂,這使提前根據(jù)所給選項(xiàng)推斷材料內(nèi)容成為可能。
4.選項(xiàng)已知,可作為推斷短文內(nèi)容的依據(jù)。雖然材料的內(nèi)容只播放一遍,但每小題的選項(xiàng)是提前給定的,考生可以根據(jù)選項(xiàng)所提供的信息,利用前面提到的彈性時(shí)間進(jìn)行推斷,為充分獲取短文信息創(chuàng)造更加有利的條件。
5.各小題類型相對(duì)固定,有助于總結(jié)答題規(guī)律。多年來(lái)聽力短文的試題類型是相對(duì)固定的,主要包括細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題、態(tài)度題、數(shù)字題、主旨題等。這給我們正確解題提供了啟發(fā)和思路。
二、應(yīng)試技巧
結(jié)合聽力短文的命題特點(diǎn),我們可總結(jié)出如下解題步驟:
首先,瀏覽已知選項(xiàng),推斷問(wèn)題的內(nèi)容和短文大意。在播放短文之前,我們可以利用彈性時(shí)間瀏覽各小題選項(xiàng),推斷短文的體裁和大致內(nèi)容,為播放短文時(shí)充分獲取信息做準(zhǔn)備。另外,也可據(jù)此推斷問(wèn)題的類型甚至內(nèi)容以便聽錄音時(shí)更有針對(duì)性。
其次,手眼腦并用,記錄關(guān)鍵信息。播放短文錄音期間要聽記兼顧,以聽為主。一篇短文就是一個(gè)信息群,完全靠大腦記憶所有的信息往往是很困難的。因此我們應(yīng)該把獲取的主要信息有選擇性地記錄下來(lái),特別是有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié),為做出正確選擇做準(zhǔn)備。需要特別注意的是這時(shí)“聽”應(yīng)該是第一位的,千萬(wàn)不要因?yàn)橛涗浨懊娴男畔⒍┞牶竺娴男畔ⅰ?/p>
再次,針對(duì)不同題型采取相應(yīng)的解題技巧。在播放問(wèn)題時(shí),考生要綜合利用各種解題技巧做出正確選擇。1.細(xì)節(jié)題。細(xì)節(jié)題出題點(diǎn)無(wú)處不在,但這并不是說(shuō)無(wú)規(guī)律可循。細(xì)節(jié)題的答案往往由first,most,because,in any case,as a matter of fact等副詞或副詞短語(yǔ)引出,考生在聽短文時(shí),除了要盡量聽懂所有細(xì)節(jié)外,一定要更加留意這些詞后面的相關(guān)信息。
2.推斷題。多數(shù)推斷題與每段的大意或短文的中心思想有關(guān)系,因此在聽短文錄音時(shí)我們一定要注意文章中間和結(jié)尾總結(jié)性的話,特別是每部分的最后一句話。我們對(duì)這些話加以分析,往往不難找到正確的答案。
3.態(tài)度題。態(tài)度題的選項(xiàng)往往是四個(gè)形容詞,所以考生在播放短文錄音之前判斷出有態(tài)度題,在聽錄音時(shí)就應(yīng)特別留心fortunately, luckily, unfortunately等這樣的具感情色彩的可以反映出speaker的態(tài)度的詞。speaker對(duì)于談?wù)摰膶?duì)象可能有雙向評(píng)論,如果聽不出speaker的態(tài)度方向,建議同學(xué)們選正面態(tài)度的,因?yàn)榉瘩g的文章往往更為復(fù)雜。
4.數(shù)字題。數(shù)字題一般涉及時(shí)間、數(shù)量、年代等等。如果事先判斷出有數(shù)字題,在聽短文錄音時(shí)就要特別留意相關(guān)數(shù)字并盡可能地記下來(lái)。而且對(duì)于Section B的解題對(duì)策要與Section A完全要反過(guò)來(lái),即聽到哪個(gè)數(shù)字就要選哪個(gè)數(shù)字,這里的數(shù)字不考運(yùn)算。
5.主旨題。對(duì)于主旨題,我們可以從三方面來(lái)把握:一是從選項(xiàng)入手。選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的多次重復(fù)的詞一定是中心詞(key word)。二是從短文入手,要特別注意文章的兩頭,尤其是文章的開頭的兩個(gè)句子最重要,很有可能成為主旨題的考點(diǎn),具體需要聽的是文章開頭的名詞。選答案時(shí)要優(yōu)先選含有該名詞的選項(xiàng)。三是從短文后面的問(wèn)題入手,這樣也可以提供中心詞的線索。大多數(shù)的考題都問(wèn)及的詞一定就是此段的中心詞。
最后,認(rèn)真檢驗(yàn)核對(duì),不允許任何由于疏忽造成的失誤。
把握命題特點(diǎn)和解題技巧固然重要,但這些都是“應(yīng)急”措施,平時(shí)掌握扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),練就基本技能才是解題之根本。忽略平時(shí)的基本功訓(xùn)練片面追求所謂的解題技巧只能是舍本逐末。
第四篇:2015四級(jí)聽力-短文聽寫單詞(范文模版)
2015四級(jí)聽力-短文聽寫單詞威脅100個(gè)
閱讀:202015-03-24 15:23 標(biāo)簽:教育四級(jí)聽力
1.appetite [??p?ta?t] 欲望; 胃口
2.deserve [di'z?:v] vi.應(yīng)受,應(yīng)得;vt.應(yīng)受,應(yīng)得 3.athlete ['?θli:t] n.運(yùn)動(dòng)員,體育家;身強(qiáng)力壯的人 4.initial [i'ni??l] adj.最初的;字首的;vt.用姓名的首字母簽名;n.詞首大寫字母 5.bargain [?bɑ:g?n] n.契約,協(xié)定; 交易; 特價(jià)商品; 便宜貨 vi.討價(jià)還價(jià)
6.vehicle ['vi??k(?)l] n.[車輛] 車輛;工具;交通工具;運(yùn)載工具;傳播媒介;媒介物 7.boost [bu:st] vt.促進(jìn);增加;支援;vi.宣揚(yáng);偷竊;n.推動(dòng);幫助;宣揚(yáng)
8.purchase ['p?:t??s] n.購(gòu)買;緊握;起重裝置;vt.購(gòu)買;贏得;vi.購(gòu)買東西 9.budget [?b?d??t] n.預(yù)算; 預(yù)算案; 10.inspire [?n?spa??(r)] vt.鼓舞; 激勵(lì);
11.cancel [?k?nsl] vt.取消,注銷;
12.essential [i'sen??l] adj.基本的;必要的;本質(zhì)的;精華的;n.本質(zhì);要素;要點(diǎn);必需
13.cassette [k?'set] n.盒式磁帶;暗盒;珠寶箱;片匣
14.conquer ['k??k?] vt.戰(zhàn)勝,征服;攻克,攻取;vi.勝利;得勝 15.collapse [k?'l?ps] vi.倒塌;瓦解;暴跌;n.倒塌;失敗;衰竭
16.attempt [?'tempt] n.企圖,試圖;攻擊;vt.企圖,試圖;嘗試
17.comedy [?k?m?di] n.喜劇; 喜劇性;
18.intimate ['intim?t] adj.親密的;私人的;精通的;有性關(guān)系的;n.知己;至交
19.decline [di'klain] n.下降;衰退;斜面;vi.下降;衰落;謝絕
20.schedule ['sked?u:?l vt.安排,計(jì)劃;n.時(shí)間表;計(jì)劃表
21.abundant [?'b?nd?nt] adj.豐富的;充裕的;盛產(chǎn) 22.challenge ['t??lind?] n.挑戰(zhàn);懷疑;vt.向…挑戰(zhàn) 23.accompany [?'k?mp?ni] vt.陪伴,伴隨;伴奏;vi.伴奏,伴唱
24.classical ['kl?sik?l] adj.古典的;經(jīng)典的;傳統(tǒng)的;第一流的 25.accelerate [?k'sel?reit] vt.使……加快;使……增速;vi.加速;促進(jìn);增加
26.capacity [k?'p?s?ti] n.能力;容量;資格,地位;生產(chǎn)力 27.accumulate [?'kju:mjuleit] vi.累積;積聚;vt.積攢
28.category ['k?tiɡ?ri] n.種類,分類
29.advertise ['?dv?taiz] vt.通知;為…做廣告;使突出 30.commercial [k?'m?:??l] adj.商業(yè)的;營(yíng)利的;靠廣告收入的;n.商業(yè)廣告 31.appreciate [?'pri:?ieit]vt.欣賞;感激;領(lǐng)會(huì);鑒別;vi.增值;漲價(jià)
32.criminal ['krimin?l] n.罪犯;adj.刑事的;犯罪的;罪惡的
33.arbitrary 英 [?ɑ:b?tr?ri] adj.隨意的,任性的; 主觀的,武斷的;專制的,專橫的,34.decorate ['dek?reit] vt.裝飾;布置;授勛給;vi.裝飾;布置
35.authority [?:'θ?r?ti] n.權(quán)威;權(quán)力;當(dāng)局
36.emphasize ['emf?saiz] vt.強(qiáng)調(diào),著重
37.beneficial [,beni'fi??l] adj.有益的,有利的;可享利益的
38.function ['f??k??n] n.功能;;vi.運(yùn)行;活動(dòng);行使職責(zé)
39.ceremony ['serim?uni] n.典禮,儀式;禮節(jié),禮儀;客套,虛禮 40.horizon [h?'raiz?n] n.地平線;視野;眼界;范圍 41.accommodation [?,k?m?'dei??n] n.住處,膳宿
42.flat [fl?t] adj.平的;adv.(尤指貼著另一表面)平直地;n.平地; 公寓;
43.anniversary [,?ni'v?:s?ri] n.周年紀(jì)念日
44.range [reind?] n.范圍;幅度;排;山脈;vi.平行,列為一行;延伸;漫游;射程達(dá)到 45.anticipate [?n'tisipeit] vt.預(yù)期,期望;占先,搶先;
46.course [k?:s] n.課程; 航線;一道菜
47.architecture ['ɑ:kitekt??] n.建筑學(xué);建筑風(fēng)格;建筑式樣
48.system [?s?st?m] n.體系,系統(tǒng); 制度;
49.boundary ['baund?ri] n.邊界;范圍;分界線 50.rest [rest] n.休息; 剩余部分 51.circumstance ['s?:k?mst?ns] n.環(huán)境,情況;事件;境遇
52.special['spe??l] adj.特別的;專門的,專用的 53.competition [?k?mp??t??n] n.競(jìng)爭(zhēng); 比賽;
54.mineral [?m?n?r?l] n.礦物; 礦石; 礦物質(zhì); 汽水a(chǎn)dj.礦物的 55.concentrate ['k?ns?ntreit] vi.集中;濃縮;全神貫注;聚集 56.flood [fl?d] n.洪水; 泛濫;
57.considerate [k?n'sid?rit] adj.體貼的;體諒的;考慮周到的
58.regard [r??gɑ:d] vt.認(rèn)為; 注視; 涉及; 尊敬n.凝視; 留意; 尊敬; 問(wèn)候
59.contribute [k?n'tribju:t] vt.貢獻(xiàn),出力;投稿;捐獻(xiàn);vt.貢獻(xiàn),出力;投稿;捐獻(xiàn)
60.consist [k?n'sist] vi.組成;在于;符合 61.refrigerator [r??fr?d??re?t?(r)] n.冰箱; 冷藏庫(kù); 61.refrigerator [r??fr?d??re?t?(r)] n.冰箱; 冷藏庫(kù);
62.available [?'veil?bl] adj.有效的,可得的;可利用的;空閑的
63.alternative [?:l't?:n?tiv] adj.供選擇的;選擇性的;交替的;n.二中擇一;供替代的選擇
64.distinct [dis'ti?kt] adj.明顯的;獨(dú)特的;清楚的;有區(qū)別的
65.attractive [?'tr?ktiv] adj.吸引人的;有魅力的;引人注目的
66.modern ['m?d?n] adj.現(xiàn)代的,近代的;懷醒的 67.enterprise ['ent?praiz] n.企業(yè);事業(yè);進(jìn)取心;事業(yè)心
68.object [??bd??kt] n.物體; 目標(biāo); 賓語(yǔ); 客體,對(duì)象 vi.不贊成,反對(duì)
69.individual [,indi'vidju?l] adj.個(gè)人的;個(gè)別的;獨(dú)特的;n.個(gè)人,個(gè)體
70.describe [di'skraib] vt.描述,形容;描繪 71.indispensable [,indis'pens?bl] adj.不可缺少的;絕對(duì)必要的;責(zé)無(wú)旁貸的
72.explorer [ik'spl?:r?] n.探險(xiǎn)家;探測(cè)者,探測(cè)器 73.investigate [in'vestiɡeit] v.調(diào)查;研究
74.discuss [d??sk?s] vt.討論,談?wù)?75.prejudice ['pred?udis] n.偏見;侵害;vt.損害;使有偏見
76.root [ru:t] n.根,根源; 77.literature ['lit?r?t??] n.文學(xué);文獻(xiàn);文藝;著作 78.produce [pr??dju:s] vt.& vi.生產(chǎn); 產(chǎn)生;
79.negotiate [ni'ɡ?u?ieit] vt.談判,商議;轉(zhuǎn)讓;越過(guò);vi.談判,交涉
80.dispose [dis'p?uz] vt.處理;處置;安排 81.fundamental [,f?nd?'ment?l] adj.基本的,根本的;n.基本原理;基本原則
82.eventually [i'vent?u?li] adv.最后,終于
83.incredible [in'kred?bl] adj.難以置信的,驚人的 84.gratitude ['ɡr?titju:d] n.感謝的心情
85.opportunity [,?p?'tju:niti] n.時(shí)機(jī),機(jī)會(huì)
86.optimistic [,?pti'mistik] adj.樂(lè)觀的;樂(lè)觀主義的 87.resident ['rezid?nt] adj.居住的;住院醫(yī)師;定居的;n.居民
88.executive [iɡ'zekjutiv] adj.行政的;經(jīng)營(yíng)的;執(zhí)行的,經(jīng)營(yíng)管理的;n.經(jīng)理;執(zhí)行委員會(huì);執(zhí)行者; 89.temporary ['temp?r?ri] adj.暫時(shí)的,臨時(shí)的;n.臨時(shí)工,臨時(shí)雇員
90.generous ['d?en?r?s] adj.慷慨的,大方的;寬宏大量的;有雅量的
91.surrender [s?'rend?] vi.投降;屈服;自首;n.投降;放棄;交出;屈服 92.ensure [in'?u?] vt.保證,確保;使安全
93.familiar [f?'milj?] adj.熟悉的;常見的;親近的 94.average[??v?r?d?] adj.平常的;平均的
95.variety [v?'rai?ti] n.多樣;種類;雜耍
96.taboo [t??bu:] n.禁忌; 忌諱
97.normal ['n?:m?l] adj.正常的;正規(guī)的,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的;n.正常;標(biāo)準(zhǔn);常態(tài)
98.stable['steibl] adj.穩(wěn)定的;牢固的;堅(jiān)定的
99.typical [?t?p?kl] adj.典型的; 特有的或特別的; 代表性的
100.guarantee [,ɡ?r?n'ti:] n.保證;擔(dān)保;保證人;保證書;抵押品;vt.保證;擔(dān)保
第五篇:新東方大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)強(qiáng)化班——聽力理解
新東方大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)強(qiáng)化班——聽力理解
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試時(shí)間安排: 考試時(shí)間:9:00~11:20 聽力理解:9:15~9:35 閱讀理解:9:35~10:10 詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu):10:10~10:25 自由題型(Cloze / Translation / Short answer question):10:25~10:40 寫作:10:50~11:20
聽力理解題型:
Part One:Short conversation Part Two:Spot dictation / Compound dictation / Passage
如何提高聽力理解水平:
單詞、短語(yǔ)
? 詞與詞:同義、反義、雙重否定,? 詞與詞組:go over=review , put off=postpone , behind schedule= late / delay ? 數(shù)詞及程度副詞:few1~2,a few2~3,several3~6,some6、7、8,dozen12,often2/3,usually3/4,frequently=generally85%,always100% 類型題:
? 一般疑問(wèn)句 ? Y//N,……
語(yǔ)音——連讀 rush hour
口語(yǔ)化
? instruction:語(yǔ)調(diào)——?,?,??(憤怒);重讀 ? 新詞僻義:校園化,口語(yǔ)化
場(chǎng)景題
? 常考思路?解題 ? 線索詞
升華(interactive)
類型題:
? But題型:
A:……………… B:……,but…… Q:……
? 詞組替換題:
? Suggestion建議題型
1)舊題型: A:trouble B1:advice B2:Don’t worry./Take it easy./Never mind./Calm down.2)新題型: A:trouble B:B2+B1(Advice:should=If I were you, I would /ought to /How about / What about / Why not)
? Yes / No態(tài)度方向題
1)Yes:And how / I’ll say / You said it / You can say that again / You bet / Sure / Indeed 2)No:But ,… / Are you kidding(joking/ serious)/ No, kidding(joking)/ Says who, says you.? Figure數(shù)字題
? 一般數(shù)字:短對(duì)話中要進(jìn)行四則運(yùn)算,篇章中只需數(shù)字與題干問(wèn)題對(duì)應(yīng) ? 數(shù)量:few(1~2),a few(2~3),several(3~6),some(6、7、8),dozen(12),? 頻度:often(2/3),usually(3/4),frequently=generally(85%),always(100%)、場(chǎng)景題:
? 總體思路:
1)當(dāng)對(duì)話雙方與學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度有關(guān)時(shí),基于學(xué)生本身應(yīng)抓住抱怨態(tài)度出發(fā) 2)當(dāng)對(duì)話雙方與學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度有關(guān)時(shí),堅(jiān)持poor原則
3)當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)VS生活時(shí),應(yīng)以學(xué)習(xí)為重,學(xué)生要忙于學(xué)習(xí)4)凡事充滿遺憾,凡事充滿抱怨 ? 選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)
1)介詞結(jié)構(gòu) 2)To do 3)Doing 4)A&B ? 提問(wèn)特點(diǎn)
1)Where 2)What 3)When 4)Who(與選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)⑷對(duì)應(yīng))? 作業(yè)場(chǎng)景
1)閱讀清單reading list:任務(wù)重
2)論文paper:choose a topic難選;do some research in library難查;type it out難打(typewriter或printer壞了)
3)個(gè)人演講presentation:留一兩分鐘被提問(wèn);著裝正式;內(nèi)心不安 ? 機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景:
1)特征詞:board , transfer , flight , plane , direct flight , first class , economy class , safe belt , take off , land , wing(機(jī)翼,建筑物的附樓),terminal(候機(jī)大廳,終端)2)常考思路:票買不到;接人晚點(diǎn)(happy);送人傷感(sad)
? 食飯場(chǎng)景:meal card , plate , helping , fancy , menu , order , book , waiter , reserve ? 理發(fā)場(chǎng)景:hair cut(剪發(fā)),trim(修剪毛發(fā)),bangs(劉海兒),parting(分縫),plait(辮子),fringe(劉海兒),pigtail(辮子),ponytail(馬尾辮),ripple(卷發(fā))? 交通場(chǎng)景:
1)特征詞:traffic jam , backup 2)交通阻塞;交通工具拋錨;交通晚點(diǎn) ? 圖書館場(chǎng)景:想借的借不到;想還的已過(guò)期
? Department store:costume , appliance , floor , men’s ? 遲到場(chǎng)景:病,晚起,塞車
? Supermarket:supplies cart , product , price tag , vender , cashier , special offer ? Hospital:
1)關(guān)鍵字:cure/treatment , infirmary , health centre , subscribe(捐獻(xiàn)), prescribe 2)常考思路:醫(yī)生難找;病情如何(getting better or worse);有病耽誤了 ? Job:
1)關(guān)鍵字:apply for , application form , classified ads , bulletin board , flyer , resume ,certificate , interview 2)常考思路:找到工作高興;失去工作傷心; 拒絕工作奇怪 ? 電話場(chǎng)景:
1)特征詞:coin , cut off , hang up , dial , hook , slot , yellow pages , operator 2)常考思路:約人約不到;約會(huì)去不了;打不通(包括撥錯(cuò)電話)? 新東方提點(diǎn):
? Apple pie 100%好吃
1)Traditional America傳統(tǒng)美國(guó)特性 2)Apple pie virtue ? Concert與film 1)concert好聽
2)film不好看,浪費(fèi)時(shí)間
? Do you mind if I =Mind if I : 1)同意:No, of course not.2)不同意:Yes, I mind.段落題
? 講故事文章
? 故事的結(jié)局發(fā)人深省 ? 起因、經(jīng)過(guò)、高潮、結(jié)局 ? 技巧:
1.聽之前看選項(xiàng) 1.1.選項(xiàng)的長(zhǎng)短
1.1.1短:文章的出題順序和行進(jìn)順序,嚴(yán)格一致的,邊聽邊做 1.1.2長(zhǎng):聽之前找相同詞,相同詞的內(nèi)容范圍對(duì)象 1.2.數(shù)字
1.2.1短對(duì)話:考查數(shù)字加減乘除四則運(yùn)算
1.2.2段落題:文章只出現(xiàn)一個(gè)數(shù)字時(shí)聽到什么選什么;文章出現(xiàn)多個(gè)數(shù)字時(shí),多
選一要簡(jiǎn)單記下數(shù)字的背景
2.抓住文章的開頭和結(jié)尾
2.1當(dāng)文章出現(xiàn)停頓意味著文章結(jié)尾
2.2出現(xiàn)重復(fù)詞時(shí),意味著文章結(jié)尾,記下這個(gè)詞 2.3出現(xiàn)so , therefore , as a result , thus時(shí),意味著文章結(jié)尾 3.中間抓小詞:first , most , because , only , just , but , however 4.補(bǔ)救措施:務(wù)必要把文章提的問(wèn)題聽清楚,利用常識(shí)解題
? 說(shuō)明性文章
中心思想題
? 特征:main , idea , mainly , telling out ? 解題思路:抓中心詞,主題詞
? 常見正確選項(xiàng)的小詞:development , effect , evolution , formation , and
現(xiàn)象解釋題
? 現(xiàn)象就是主題
? 中立concerned / neutrality ? 把握考試原則
Compound Dictation ? 第一遍只做1~7題(單詞),8~10(句子)聽大意,第二遍才做8~10 ? 創(chuàng)建屬于自己的符號(hào)體系
? 十以內(nèi)寫英文,十以上寫阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字 ? 首字字母大寫
? 抓主干,去修飾成分
解題步驟
? 看選項(xiàng):找相同詞。? 聽兩頭:選熟悉的選項(xiàng)。
文章的兩頭是一篇文章的重點(diǎn),文章的開頭是觀點(diǎn)(Idea),既是文章的Topic。而中間是細(xì)節(jié),是用來(lái)支持觀點(diǎn)的論據(jù)(example)。聽段子,聽結(jié)構(gòu)。文章的開頭與結(jié)尾要出考題。一般正確選項(xiàng)基本會(huì)是原文的重現(xiàn)(copy)。所以能做到邊聽邊記。具體需要聽的是開頭的名詞,選答案時(shí)要優(yōu)先選含有該名詞的選項(xiàng)。
? 抓小詞:極端詞(first,most,just,only,because)。? 用常識(shí):正常推理
短文的分類及對(duì)策
? 主觀題:又稱態(tài)度題(Attitude)
1)考題特點(diǎn):選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)四個(gè)形容詞。
2)解題方向:Speaker的態(tài)度反映在文中的形容詞或副詞。注重fortunately,luckily,unfortunately這樣的具有感情色彩的詞。但凡聽力中的短文,Speaker對(duì)于談?wù)摰膶?duì)象,不論是人物還是事物,都可能有雙向評(píng)論。但在CET聽力中,如果未能聽出態(tài)度方向,只要選正態(tài)度就可以了。因?yàn)榉瘩g的文章比介紹性的文章復(fù)雜得多。典型的短文往往會(huì)說(shuō)一個(gè)人對(duì)人類社會(huì),或?qū)δ骋粋€(gè)團(tuán)體有著偉大的貢獻(xiàn)。或敘述某個(gè)組織,某個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)有創(chuàng)新的,劃時(shí)代的意義的活動(dòng)。
? 客觀題:即數(shù)字題。問(wèn)及時(shí)間,多少,年代。在短對(duì)話中的數(shù)字題的對(duì)策是聽到什么不選什么,因?yàn)槟懵牭降氖窃紨?shù)據(jù)還要經(jīng)過(guò)運(yùn)算才是最終結(jié)果(正確選項(xiàng))。但是在短文題中,聽到哪個(gè)就選哪個(gè),因?yàn)椴豢歼\(yùn)算。1)考題特點(diǎn):選項(xiàng)都有數(shù)字。
2)解題策略:聽題前第一步看選項(xiàng)時(shí),如果看到數(shù)字題,就把筆放在此處,隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備記錄。聽到什么,選什么。如果有兩個(gè)數(shù)字先都記下來(lái)。在聽問(wèn)題時(shí)再進(jìn)一步排除。
? 宏觀題:即中心思想題(Main idea/Topic題)。
1)考題特點(diǎn):What is the passage mainly about?;What is the passage talking about?;What is the main idea of this talk?等。2)解題對(duì)策:
i.從選項(xiàng)入手。抓住Keyword ii.從短文入手。注意開頭結(jié)尾。抓文中的高頻詞。
iii.從選項(xiàng)入手。含有Keyword,高頻詞,first,development,formation,invention,evolution,effects,and正確可能性大。
? 微觀題:抓住(first,most,just,only,because)文章表達(dá)思想的亮點(diǎn)。