第一篇:2010年成人英語三級閱讀理解訓練(含詳解)
Hillary Rodham Clinton released the first television spot of her Senate campaign this morning, a 30-second commercial that will begin airing statewide on Thursday.The spot, titled “First,” uses numerous still photos to highlight landmarks in Mrs.Clinton’s career, while the voiceover says she is “more than a first lady.”
There is no mention of Mrs.Clinton’s rival for New York’s Senate seat, New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani.Clinton campaign spokesman Howard Wolfson said the ad was “positive” and “biographical,” instead of focusing on the first lady’s opponent.Mrs.Clinton has previously aired radio ads, but has generally stayed with a strategy of making extensive campaign appearances instead of using television spots, while Giuliani has already run statewide TV ads.Text of Hillary Commercial: First she became a lawyer, named one of the top hundred in America.Her first cause was children, fighting abuse and chairing the board of the Children’s Defense Fund.Her first priority was public schools, helping to establish teacher testing.More than a first lady.For 30 years, she’s fought for children and families.As New York’s senator, she’ll fight for better schools and heath care for children.Hillary, Put her to work for all of us.1.What does the word “air” in the first sentence mean? A.dry
B.express
C.breathe
D.broadcast 2.What does “more than first lady” in the first paragraph suggest? A.Hillary is not a first lady.B.Hillary does much more than what a first lady is expected to do.C.There are more women in America who does better than Hillary does.D.Hillary is doing better than her husband.3.Which of the following statement is true regarding the Senator campaign according the passage? A.Hillary has appeared on TV shot for numerous times.B.Hillary rarely makes her public appearance.C.Giuliani has made TV advertisement for himself.D.Hillary has a bigger chance to win the campaign.4.Hillary’s campaign focuses on all the flowing except_____.A.children’s health care B.school education for children C.combating child abuse D.family planning policy 5.Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage? A.First Lady’s Senator Campaign B.Hillary’s TV Advertisement C.A Rivalry for New York’s Senate Seat D.The Focuses of Hillary Campaign [難點] 1. 今早,希拉里競選紐約州議員的電視演說拉開了序幕;Hillary Rodham Clinton:希拉里;美國現任總統克林頓夫人。Spot:(在無線電廣播、電視中播出的)短小節目;commercial:宣傳
2.這句話的意思是該電視節目特別播出了希拉里政績上的一些重要照片。Highlight:突出;landmark:(具有轉折意義的)重大事件
3. Voiceover:旁白;話外音 4. Biographical:關于一個人的材料的;美國,一般的競選廣告都包括競選雙方的資料,但是在該電視廣告里,只播放了希拉里的資料,所以克氏競選團的發言人說,這次廣告具有肯定意義。
5. Strategy:策略 6. Abuse:虐待 [答案] 1.D 考點:該題是一個詞匯題
解析:本題提問的是第一段中的“air”是什么意思。由這句話我們可以得知,希拉里今天早晨發表了她競選紐約州議員的電視宣傳;為時30分鐘的電視宣傳將于星期二開始進行全國播放。由該句的意思我們可以猜出“air”的意思為“播放”。所以,答案為D。而其他三個詞A(曬干),B(表達)和C(呼吸)均與原義不符,故不能入選。
2.B 考點:這是一個理解判斷題。
解析:本題提問的是第一段里“more than first lady”是什么意思。在世界各地,第一夫人作為國家元首的妻子,是一國之母,她的形象一般是一個幫助總統處理好家務,并且進行一些婦女活動和慈善事業,借此來提高元首的形象。但是,希拉里作為第一夫人,她所做的超出了第一夫人的職責。她不但在社會活動中經常露臉,而且直接參與政事,開始競選起議員來了。所以,選項B應該是該題的答案。
3.C 考點:這是一個對原文事實的理解題。
解析:本題提問的是對此次參議院競選,以下哪一個說法是正確的。文章的第四段告訴我們,希拉里以前曾經在廣播上作過宣傳,但是她一直采取的戰略是頻頻在公眾場合出現,而不是使用電視宣傳;與她不同的是,Giuliani已作過全國電視宣傳。由該段可知,選項C為正確答案。從文章的第一句話我們可以得知,這是希拉里第一次在電視上為自己作宣傳,所以,選項A和B不符合原文;此次議員競選,花落誰手尚未分曉,所以,選項D也不能入選。
4.D 考點:這是一個對原文細節的分析判斷題。
解析:本題提問的是以下哪一下不是希拉里的競選重點。希拉里的競選廣告在文章的最后幾段里;它的重點是學校教育;作者評論道,在過去的30年里,希拉里一直都在為兒童和家庭的幸福斗爭。將來當了紐約的參議員,她會為孩子們的良好教育和健康保險而努力;由此我們得知,選項A(兒童健康保險)B(兒童的學校教育)和C(打擊虐待兒童現象)都是她的競選重點,只有選項D(計劃生育政策)與原文不合,所以,D為本題答案。
5.A 考點:該題是一個主旨題,考的是文章的題目應該是哪一個。
解析:本文從第一夫人希拉里-克林頓為其入選紐約參議員拉開序幕講起,對目前的競選狀況作了一個大概介紹,并且對希拉里的競選內容作了一個介紹,同時,作者表達了他自己的觀點;整篇文章以介紹她的競選情況為主,所以,選項A(第一夫人競選參議員)用以概括全文最為全面,因此,A為正確答案。
Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat.The usual problem is how to dispose of it.But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem—how to collect body heat.They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bubs and refrigerators as well.The system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campus’s six buildings comfortable.Some parts of most modern buildings—theaters and offices as well as classrooms are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter.The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called “heat recovery.” A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University’s system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others.Along the way, pit has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers.The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off.(76)Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces.It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hardworking, overweight male genius.1.Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it ______.A.was difficult to collect
B.came in a variety of forms
C.was difficult to get rid of
D.tended to be absorbed by physical objects
2.Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campus?
A.The heat is supplied by human bodies only.B.The heat is supplied by both human bodies and other heat-emitting objects.C.The heat is supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.D.The heat is supplied by human bodies, other heat-emitting objects, and conventional fuel.3.The phrase “even in winter”(in line 8)most nearly means ______.A.if the winter is especially warm
B.during all of the year except the winter
C.in the winter as well as in other seasons
D.during the evenings in the winter
4.The phrase “heat recovery” refers to a ______.A.method of concealing the source of heat
B.special form of air conditioning
C.supplementary hot water system
D.way of reclaiming and re-using heat
5.According to the passage which of the following would produce the LEAST amount of heat?
A.A fat female who studies hard.B.A thin female who does not study.C.A fat male who does not study.D.A thin male who studies hard.一、文章大意和總體結構分析
這篇文章,向我們介紹了一種全新的能量利用方式,收集人體熱能用于供熱。在大力提倡環保的當今社會,這種能源的回收再利用意義重大,這篇文章開闊了學生的視野。
文章的開頭作者便提出身體熱能這個人人皆知的概念,雖然我們知道身體會排除熱量,但是卻從未想過去利用這些熱量。第二句作者便將讀者帶入一個全新的視角,即如何在生活中利用這些熱量。匹茲堡大學的例子很好地證明了人體熱量的利用價值。
接下來,作者比較詳細地介紹了這種利用人體熱量的系統,即熱量回收再利用,并指出已經有一些大樓正在利用這種自然、環保的資源。
最后一段,作者向我們介紹了一項有趣的研究成果,即身體強壯、學習刻苦的男性會排放出更多的熱量。
二、試題詳解
1.C 答案是開頭的第二句:The usual problem is how to dispose of it。Dispose of “處理解決”。
2.B 答案在第一段的第三句中。他們設計了一種收集系統,它不但利用身體的熱,還收集由燈泡、冰箱等散發出來的熱。有了這兩種熱能,作者指出在校園中已無需任何conventional fuel
3.C 第二段中說:大多數現代化的大樓有些部分—戲院、辦公室以及教室是用人體和燈光的熱來供熱的,有時候甚至在冬天的空調也是由它們來供熱。Even意為“甚至”。
4.D 回收再利用熱能。此題考察學生對全文的總結能力,以及reclaim和re-use的詞義。
5.B 最后一段倒數第二句說:男學生發出的熱量比女生發出的熱量多,學生體重越重產生的熱量越多。學習刻苦的比學習不刻苦的產生的熱量多。所以最瘦的女生產生的熱量最少。
三、文章長難句分析
Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces.男學生散發的熱量多于女學生,并且身體體積越大,產生的熱量就越多。
Emit排放、散發。The more…, the more…,為固定句式,意為“越…,越…”。
四、核心詞匯
no matter無論;gives off散發;conventional fuel常規燃料;heat recovery熱能回收;a great
deal 大量;the more…, the more… 越…,越…
America is in no immediate danger of “running out of water”.People in the West have been aware that water is a precious commodity and must be conserved.In the damp East, an excess of water led to complacency until two factors created concern over our water supply.First, the periods of drought from the 1961 to 1966 in the Northeast affected crop production and used up the surface and ground water supplies.Second, attention was called to rapid increases in the rates of pollution of these waters resulting from increased urban and industrial growth.As a result, there is an increasing awareness of the need for conserving the quantity and quality of our nation’s water supplies.Water is a renewable resource, but it is not exhaustible.When used for municipal, industrial, or agricultural purposes, it is not destroyed, but generally finds its way back into our water supply.This used water now carries some waste materials.These dirty waters are often dumped into large bodies of water or are disposed of on land.In the latter instance, evaporation concentrates some of the wastes on the soil surface.On the other hand, water moving through the soil will eventually carry some of the wastes down into the ground water supplies, Eventually, all water evaporates and later returns to the earth as rain or snow in a relatively purer state.Through this never-ending cycle, there is just as much water in this country now as there ever was.The amount, however, does not increase.Our rapid population growth and our agricultural and industrial expansion have caused our water needs to soar.By withdrawing water from streams too quickly, we have in some instances upset the balance of nature’s built-in renewal processes for conserving water.As a result, some of our streams and lakes have become “wet deserts.” There is still plenty of water in them, but its water is so polluted that it supports almost no life at all.1.The passage is mainly about_____.A.water resources of the United States
B.the renewal processes of water in mature
C.the importance of water conservation
D.water pollution in America
2.The word “drought” in the sentence “First, the periods of drought---ground water supplies.” Most probably means_____.A.catastrophe of too much rain
B.danger of running out of water
C.calamity dry weather
D.damage caused by typhoon
3.Water is relatively purer in_____.A.fast moving streams and rivers
B.underground water supplies
C.mountainous areas
D.rain and snow
4.When the author says that lakes have become “wet deserts”,._____
A.he is being angry
B.he is being optimistic
C.he is being sad
D.he is being humorous
5.It is implied in the passage that______
A.water can be polluted by deserts
B.there are many water conservation programs in America
C.water keeps evaporating from the earth’s surface
D.water is not polluted by waster materials
[難點]
1.run out of
用完,耗盡
2.commodity
商品,貨物
3.complacency 自滿,滿足
4.drought
長期干旱,旱災
5.result from 是---的結果,由于----而發生
6.inexhaustible 用不完的,無窮盡的
7.municipal
市政的,市辦的
8.dispose of
處理,丟掉,清除
9.evaporation
蒸發
10.withdraw
提取,取回
11.deposit 放下,放置
[答案]
1.C
考點:這是一道典型的文章主旨題。
解析:文章第一段的最后一句話是文章的中心思想,指出人們越來越意識到保護水的量和質的必要性。第二、三段主要討論節約用水和水污染 的危害。第二段指出,水雖然百一種可再生的資源,但并不是用之不竭;第三段說,人口的急劇增加,工農業的快速發展使得用水需求高漲并造成嚴重的水污染。綜上所述,我們可以看出,文章主要討論保護水資源的重要性。選項A、B、D都是以偏概全。
2.C
考點:這是一道理解題。
解析:題目要求猜測“drought”一詞的含義,我們可以通過這個詞的上下文來理解它的意思。文章第一段第四句說,1961至1966年東北部地區的drought影響了農作物的生產,使地表水和地下水供應枯竭。據此我們可以推斷出這個詞的含義是旱災。
3.D
考點:這是一道細節題。
解析:答案在文章第二段的最一句:“Eventually, all water evaporates and later returns to the earth as rain or snow in a relatively purer state.”(最終所有的水蒸發,然后以更加純凈的形式降雨或降雪回到地球。)
4.D
考點:此題考察學生對作者態度的理解。
解析:文章第三段最后一句很好地解釋了“wet desert”的含義,即:一些河流、湖泊中有大量的水,但污染非常嚴重,幾乎所有的生物都不能使用。根據這個解釋,我們可以理解作者說這番話的心情,作者面對這樣一種情況只能感到悲哀,而不是憤怒,因為憤怒無濟于事,更不是感到樂觀或幽默。
5.C
考點:此題考察學生的判斷能力。
解析:根據文章第二段的最后一句:“Eventually, all water evaporates and later returns to the earth as rain or snow in a relatively purer state.”,我們可以推斷出水不停地從地球表面蒸發掉,然后在高空中變成水的固態形式。選項A和D與文章內容不符。選項B在文章中沒有提及。In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the early postwar era, there was a quite widespread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day.Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem.People tend to be over-trusting of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority.Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction.Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone awry.Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days.Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.1.What is the main purpose of this passage?
A.To look back to the early days of computers.B.To explain what technical problems may occur with computers.C.To discourage unnecessary investment in computers.D.To warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers.2.According to the passage, initial concerns about computers were that they might_____
A.lead us into the post-war era
B.be quite widespread
C.take control
D.take over routine tasks
3.The passage recommends those dealing with computers to_____
A.be reasonably skeptical abort them
B.check all their answers
C.substitute them for basic thinking
D.use them for business purposes only
4.An “internal computer” is_____
A.a computer uses exclusively by one company for its own problems
B.a person’s store of knowledge and the ability to process it
C.the most up-to-date in-house computer a company can buy
D.a computer from the post-war era which is very reliable
5.The passage suggests that the present-day problem with regard to computers is_____
A.challenging
B.psychological
C.dramatic
D.malfunctioning
[難點]
1.widespread 普遍的,廣泛的
2.relieve 減輕,解除,使得到解脫
3.dramatic 引人注目的,突然的
4.foreseen 預見的,預知的
5.reluctant 不情愿的,不愿意的
6.authority 權威
7.malfunction 發生故障,發生功能障礙
8.invest 投資;花錢買;耗費,投入
9.rely on 依賴,依靠
10.go awry 出岔子,失敗;(人)背離正道
11.substitute 代替物,代用器
[答案]
1.D
考點:這是一道典型的文章主旨題。
解析:文章分析了人們過分依賴電子計算機這一問題,在結尾向人們提出了忠告:盡管電子計算機可以提供各種幫助,但是它不應被視為代替人們基本思維和推理的東西。文章主要目的是警告人們在心理上對計算機不要采取懶惰的態度。
2.C
考點:這是一道細節題。
解析:問題的答案在文章的第一句之中:“In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the early postwar era, there was a quite widespread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day.”(在計算機歷史的前期即戰后初期,人們普遍擔心計算機可以能會代替人類統治世界)選項C與這一句的含義完全一致,故為正確答案。
3.A
考點:這是一道推斷題。
解析:文章第二段第二句說:“Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days.”由此我們可以推斷出,文章建議那些與計算機打交道的人應該對它們采取合理的懷疑態度。
4.B
考點:這是一道理解題
解析:理解:“internal computer”的含義的關鍵是確定“internal”的意思。這個詞幾個基本含義:內部的,體內的,內在的。從它所在的上下文來看,它的意思是:“體內的”。“internal computer”是一種比喻說法,指人的大腦,它比計算機更聰明、更復雜,具有儲存知識和運用知識的能力。因此,選項B是正確答案。
5.B
考點:這是一道推斷題。
解析:根據文章內容我們得知,當今電子計算機的問題既不是令人深思的也不是容易出故障。而選項C與文章內容不符。它的問題是人們在心理上過分信賴它,對它的能力毫不懷疑。
第二篇:成人英語三級
體驗式英語教育先鋒美聯英語
標題:成人英語三級 關鍵詞:成人英語三級
導讀:成人英語三級雖然沒有大學英語四六級考試以及托福雅思等為人所熟知,但是這一考試的參加者對于成人英語三級的重視程度還是比較高的。很多人并不清楚成人英語三級考試的相關信息,所以影響了考試,下面就為大家介紹一下。
成人本科學士學位英語統一考試 北京地區成人本科學士學位英語統一考試是成人高等教育本科(非外證書樣本語專業)學生獲得學士學位的必要條件之一。1991年北京市實施北京地區成人本科學士學位英語統一考試,為使這一考試更加規范,也使廣大考生能夠熟悉英語三級考試的內容、題型、難度及記分辦法,特制定本大綱。
成人英語三級統一考試的目的是為了檢測本地區成人教育系列中非外語專業的英語教學水平,保證成人本科畢業生學士學位的授予質量。成人英語教學的目的是培養學生具有較強的閱讀能力,一定的英漢互譯能力和初步的聽力能力,使他們能以英語為工具,獲取專業所需要的信息,并為進一步提高英語水平打下較好的基礎。為此,本考試主要考核學生運用語言的能力,重點是考核學生的閱讀能力以及對語法結構和詞語用法的熟練程度。成人英語三級是一種標準化考試,由于尚不具備口試條件,目前暫只進行筆試。考試范圍主要參照全日制文理科本科英語教學大綱所規定的一至三級除說的技能以外的大部分內容。在題型設計上,除英漢互譯部分是主觀性試題外,其余試題均采用客觀性的多項選擇題形式。待將來條件成熟時,再酌情增加聽力及短文寫作的內容。
為在哪個學校讀本科、申請學士學位,就在哪個學校報名參加英語統一考試。目前成人英語三級沒有全國統考,只是北京地區包括北京院校的遠程學員、所有中央電大的學員。成人高等教育本科畢業生外語統一考試費標準為每人 35 元(包含證書工本費)。本考試每年舉行兩次,分別在 4月和11月,考試時間為:9:00--11:00。
成人英語三級報考條件:在校成人本科生(專升本和高中升本科生);已畢業學生在校期間未通過該考試的,畢業后一年內可以報名參加考試;網絡教育(遠程教育)和成人教育(繼續教育)、電大部分專業的學員在教學中心(或學習中體驗式英語教育先鋒美聯英語
心、函受站、教學班或申請學士學位學校)聯系報名和考試;此外,不設考點的校外學習中心的考生,須在北京參加考試;除在校成人本科生以外,畢業不滿一年的成考生也可參加考試。更多學習資料請見美聯英語學習網。
第三篇:成人英語三級考試閱讀理解經驗
成人英語三級考試閱讀理解經驗
閱讀理解題需要平時基本功和詞匯量的積累,但是,在積累過程中也是有技巧可循的。在我們平常的學習中,我們應多看一些英語報紙,在網絡發達的今天,也可以每天在在網上看一些英語雙語新聞。其實,在人類記憶力最好的時間短,即早晨剛起床和晚上睡覺之前,都可以記憶一些今天學的新的單詞和語法,只有日積月累,才能在考試中做到心中有數。臨時抱佛腳的話,效果肯定是比較差的。一份耕耘,一份收獲。下面是一些經驗和技巧的介紹,在這里與大家分享一下。
閱讀理解除了要求正確理解事實細節的能力外,還經常需要考生根據一定上下文對某些詞匯的意義進行推斷、根據所讀材料理解文章隱含的意義和深層次的含義、歸納文章主題思想、通過概括得出結論、綜合判斷作者態度等,這就要求考生具備相應的閱讀理解微技能,與四級考試密切相關的一些微技能包括詞匯的理解、預測、判斷、歸納和推理。
詞匯的理解
對于閱讀中碰到的生僻詞,我們不能過于糾結。因為有原文的語境提示,這樣即使某些單詞不認識,我們也可以根據語境來推測出單詞的大概意思,這樣就可以繞過不認識的單詞,來順利完成考題。
這里主要提倡的就是:
1、上下文線索
利用上下文線索猜測詞義的方法很多,但其核心是尋找與該生僻詞相關的上下文意義線索,這些線索主要可歸納為以下幾種:
①同義定義為了便于讀者理解作者本義,作者有時會對文中的生僻詞或專業性較強的詞直接給出定義。在下定義時,作者常使用一些信號詞,如:is/are(called),means,can be defined as,refer to,is/are known as,signify等,例: Food fallacies refer to beliefs about foodthat are not true.:
或標點符號,如——,()等,例:
Multiplexing ——transmitting independentsignals at the same time in the same channel——increases the efficiency of radiochannels.有時,作者用同位語形式或連詞or給出定義,例:
Nerve cells evidently first appeared incoelenterates, “hollow
organisms like hydra and the sea anemone.Intelligent behavior remained impossibleuntil the appearance of relatively big,complex types ofbrain——the types we find among the vertebrates,or
backbonedanimals.②近義復述同一短文中上下毗鄰的句子通常有互釋作用,我們可以從上下文的復述中獲取與某一單詞相關的信息來猜度詞義。例:
Mr.and Mrs.Firth had a long courtship.They dated for nine years before they got married.Although he often had the opportunity,Mr.Trittnever stole money from a customer.This would have endangered his position atthe bank,and he did not want to jeopardize his future.③反義對照在表示對照的上下文中,常包含有意義相反的詞語或概念,這些意義相反的概念可以互為線索,幫助我們猜度詞義。常有以下一些信號詞:gutted”
although,but,however,though,whereas,while,yet,on the contrary,on the other hand等。
例:Chimpanzees(猩猩)in the wild
use simple objects as tools,but inlaboratory situations they can use more sophisticated items.Most dentists-offices are drab places,whileEmilio's new office is a bright,cheerful place.④搭配集合利用詞與詞的搭配或該詞所出現的語境,我們也能推知詞義的大概輪廓。例:
People gathered to look.Three fine streamsof hot water sprouted from holes in the jacket(套,殼)of theradiator.Aman is watering his lawn just as an attractive,well dressed girlwalked by.As he ogles her,he accidentally turns the hose on his ugly,dowdy wife.⑤比較舉例上下文中的比較和舉例,能揭示比較物或列舉物之間的共性,我們可根據這些共性來推知有關詞語的意思。例:
The consequences of epochal events such aswars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographicalarea.Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes isdetrimental to your health.They also regard drinking as harmful.⑥因果時間因與果、時間的先與后都是事物發展變化過程中的必然關系,在利用上下文推測詞義時,這些關系也至關重要。例:
Robert is considered peremptoryadministrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions ofothers.When Mark was in pedantic mood,he assumedthe manner of a famous professor and gave long lectures on boring,insignificant topics2、文章細節結構知識
一篇閱讀理解文章,或長或短,都有一個中心思想。而文章就是圍繞著這個中心思想展開的。支持和發展中心思想的細節主要是由描寫特點特征,給予解釋定義,分析原因結果,比較事物異同,提供數據事實,論述觀點理由等構成的。但根據主題的不同性質,可以有不同側重,這樣就形成了不同的細節結構。如:描述性結構(這種結構主要介紹事物,問題或傾向的特點、特征。對人物的描述如傳記包括人的身體特征,家庭背景,成長過程,個性愛好,成就貢獻等。因此文章中時間,地點,數據是主要細節);
釋義性結構(這種結構是解釋某一理論,學科,事物。主要是用例子,比喻,類比進行闡述);
比較性結構(這種結構主要是對兩個事物或人物在功能,特點,優缺點,貢獻方面進行比較);
原因性結構(這種結構主要是分析事物的成因,客觀的,主觀的,直接的,間接的);
駁論性結構(這種結構主要是介紹一種觀點,然后對其評論或駁斥,分析其優缺點,或危害性,最后闡明自己的觀點)。
了解這些細節結構,我們就能知道某一特定的閱讀理解文章問題會出哪方面的問題,從而在閱讀中給有關細節較多的注意。如例9(P.43)的閱讀理解文章。這篇章文章介紹的是美國一種蝗蟲:描述了
蝗蟲飛群的形成,形成的原因,其特點習性,給農作物造成的損失,人們對付這種蟲害的方法。顯然這是描述性結構,絕大多數問題肯定與特點,時間,地點,程度有關。在閱讀中對這些細節作圈劃記號,解答時就非常容易。
3、先看問題,再閱讀文章
我們如果帶著問題去閱讀文章,就可以有很強的目的性去找文中的答案。因為,閱讀理解的本質就是在文中找出正確的答案,所以在閱讀文章的時候一定要有針對性。只有這樣,才能夠避免在做閱讀理解題時的主觀猜測和臆斷。
4、閱讀理解中的句子,是翻譯題的題源之一。因此,建議在做閱讀理解的時候,順便照顧一下翻譯題。如果,英語句子,理解到位,可以將答案直接寫在翻譯題那里。
第四篇:成人英語——成人英語三級高頻詞匯匯總
成人英語——成人英語三級高頻詞匯匯總
1.abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守。
2.be absent from…。缺席,不在
3.absence or mind(=being absent-minded)心不在焉
4.absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被動語態)be absorbed i n 全神貫注于…近be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on
5.(be)abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with)富于,富有
6.access(to)(不可數名詞)能接近,進入,了解
7.by accident(=by chance,accidentally)偶然地,意外。Without accident(=safely)安全地,8.of one's own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地,主 動地
9.in accord with 與…一致.out of one's accord with 同…。不一致
10.with one accord(=with everybody agreeing)一致地
11.in accordance with(=in agreement with)依照,根據
12.on one's own account 1)為了某人的緣故,為了某人自己的利益 2)(=at one's own risk)自行負責 3)(=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 賒賬; on account of 因為; on no account不論什么原因也不;of …account 有………重要性。
13.take…into account(=consider)把……考慮進去
14.give sb.an account of 說明,解釋(理由)
15.account for(=give an explanation or reason for)解釋,說明。
16.on account of(=because of)由于,因為。
17.on no account(=in no case,for no reason)絕不要,無論如何不要(放句首時句 子要倒裝)
18.accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb.for sth.; blame sth.on sb.; complain about)指控,控告
19.be accustomed to(=be in the habit of,be used to)習慣于。
20.be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of)了解;(=to have met socially)熟悉
21.act on 奉行,按照…行動; act as 扮演; act for 代理
22.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己適應于
23.adapt…(for)(=make sth.Suitable for a new need)改編,改寫(以適應新的需要)
24.in addition(=besides)此外,又,加之
25.in addition to(=as well as,besides,other than)除…外
26.adhere to(=abide by,conform to,comply with,cling to,insist on,pe rsist in,observe,opinion,belief)粘附; 堅持,遵循
27.adjacent(=next to,close to)毗鄰的,臨近的 28.adjust……(to)(=change slightly)調節; 適應;
29.admit of(=be capable of,leave room for)…的可能,留有…的余地。
30.in advance(before in time)預告,事先。
31.to advantage 有利的,使優點更加突出地。
32.have an advantage over 勝過。have the advantage of 由于…處于有利條件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事
33.take advantage of(=make the best of,utilize,make use of,profit from,harness)利用。
34.agree with 贊同(某人意見)agree to 同意
35.in agreement(with)同意,一致
36.ahead of 在…之前,超過…;……………。ahead of time 提前。
37.in the air 1)不肯定,不具體。2)在謠傳中。
38.above all(=especially,most important of all)尤其是,最重要的。
39.in all(=counting everyone or everything,altogether)總共,總計
40.after all 畢竟,到底;(not)at all 一點也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大體上說; be all in 累極了; all but 幾乎。
41.allow for(=take into consideration,take into account)考慮到,估計到.42.amount to(=to be equal to)總計,等于。
43.answer for(undertake responsibility for,be liable for,take charge for)對…負責。
44.answer to(=conform to)適合,符合。
45.be anxious about 為…焦急不安; 或anxious for
46.apologize to sb.for sth.為…向…道歉
47.appeal to sb.for sth.為某事向某人呼吁。appeal to sb.對某人有吸引力
48.apply to sb.for sth.為…向…申請 ; apply for申請; apply to 適用。
49.apply to 與…有關;適用
50.approve of(=consent to,be in favor of,favor,agree to,consider good,right)贊成,approve vt.批準
51.arise from(=be caused by)由…引起。
52.arrange for sb.sth.to do sth.安排…做…
53.arrive on 到達; arrive at 到達某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到達某地(大地方);
54.be ashamed of(=feel shame,guilt or sorrow because of sth.done)以… 為羞恥
55.assure sb.of sth.(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.)向…保證,使…確信。
56.attach(to)(=to fix,fasten; join)縛,系,結
57.make an attempt at doing sth.(to do sth.)試圖做…
58.attend to(=give one's attention,care and thought)注意,照顧;attend on(upon)(=wait upon,serve,look after)侍候,照料
59.attitude to toward …對…的態度。看法
60.attribute…to…(=to believe sth.to be the result of…)把……歸因于……,認為……是……的結果
61.on the average(=on average,on an average)平均
62.(be)aware of(=be conscious of,having knowledge or consciousness)意識到,知道。
63.at the back of(=behind)在…后面
64.in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one's back(=be ill in bed)臥病不起。
65.at one's back(=supporting or favoring sb.)支持,維護; have sb.at one 's back 有…支持,有…作后臺
66.turn one's back on sb.(=turn away from sb.in an impolite way)不理睬(某人),背棄,拋棄
67.behind one's back 背著某人(說壞話)
68.be based on upon 基于
69.on the basis of 根據…,在…基礎上
70.beat…at 在…運動項目上打贏
71.begin with 以…開始。to begin with(=first of all)首先,第一(經常用于開始語)
72.on behalf of(=as the representative of)以…名義
73.believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth.sb.to be true)相信,依賴,信仰。
74.benefit(from)受益,得到好處。
75.for the benefit of 為了…的利益(好處)
76.for the better 好轉
77.get the better of(=defeat sb.)打敗,勝過。
78.by birth 在出生上,論出身,按血統 at birth 在出生時; give birth to 出生
79.blame sb.for sth.因…責備某人.blame sth.on sb.把…推在某人身上
80.in blossom開花(指樹木)be in blossom開花(強調狀態)come into blossom開花(強調動作)
81.on board 到船上,在船上,上火車或飛機
82.boast of(or about)吹噓
83.out of breath 喘不過氣來
84.in brief(=in as few words as possible)簡言之
85.in bulk 成批地,不散裝的 86.take the floor 起立發言
87.on business 出差辦事。
88.be busy with sth.于某事.be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
89.last but one 倒數第二。
90.but for(=without)要不是。表示假設
91.buy sth.for…money 用多少錢買
92.be capable of 能夠,有能力 be capable of being +過去分詞是能夠被…的 93.in any case(=for love or money,at any rate,at any price,at any cost,whatever
happens; anyhow)無論如何
94.in case(=for fear that)萬一;
95.in case of(=in the event of)如果發生…萬一 in the case of 至于…,就…而言
96.in no case在任何情況下都不(放句首倒裝句)
97.be cautious of 謹防
98.center one's attention on(=focus one's attention on)把某人的注意力集中在…上
99.be certain of(=be sure of)有把握,一定。
100.for certain of(=for sure)肯定地,有把握地 101.by chance(=accidentally,by accident)偶然
102.for a change換換環境(花樣等)
103.charge sb.with …控告某人犯有…
104.in charge of(=responsible for)負責(某事)in the charge of …由…管
105.take charge of(=to be or become responsible for)負責管理(照顧)
106.charge…for 因…索取(費用),charge sb.with sth.控告某人犯有…
107.round the clock(=all day and all night,usually without stopping)晝夜不停地
108.comment on 評論
109.commit oneself to 使自己承擔… commit sb.to prison把某人送進監獄; commit one's idea to writing 把某人的想法寫下來; commit a matter to a committee 把某事交給委員會討論
110.in common(和…)有共同之處,共用。be common to sb.是與某人所共有的 111.keep company with(=be friendly and go out together)和…要好。
112.compare…with … 把…與…比較
113.compare…to… 把…比作…
114.by comparison 比較起來
115.in comparison with(=in contrast to)和…比起來
116.compensate for(=give sth.to make up for)補償,賠償,彌補 compensate sb.for sth.賠償,彌補
117.complain of(or about)抱怨;訴苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb.about sth.(or sb.)向某人抱怨…; complain(抱怨); complement(補充); compliment(恭維)
118.comply with(=act in accordance with a demand,order,rule etc.)遵守,依從
119.conceive of(think of,imagine,consider)想象,設想
120.concentrate on(or upon)集中,專心
121.be concerned with(=about)與…有關
122.concern oneself about with 關心
123.in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一點; at the conclusion of 當…結束時;
124.condemn sb.to 判決
125.on condition that(=if)以…為條件,假如。in that = because因為; now that = since既然 for all that = although 盡管
126.in out of condition(=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit)健康狀況好不好.in good(bad)condition處于良好(壞)狀態
127.confess(to)(=admit a fault,crime,or sth.wrong)承認,供認; confess to a crime 承認罪行。
128.confide in(=to talk freely to sb.about one's secret)對…講真心話,依賴
129.in confidence 推心置腹地; with confidence 滿懷信心地; have confidence in 對…有信心
130.confidence in sb.sth.對…的信賴
131.be confident of 有信心; confidential 機密的 132.confine…to… 把…限制在某范圍內
133.confirm sb.in 使某人更堅定(信念等)
134.conform to(=be in agreement with,comply with)符合,遵照,遵守;1)obey 服從; 2)observe; 3)comply with照…辦; 4)keep to遵循; 5)abide by服從;6)stick to按……做
135.be confronted with(=be brought face to face with)面對,面臨
136.congratulate sb.on 祝賀
137.in connection with(=with regard to)關于,138.be conscious of(=be aware of)覺察,知道
139.consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意
140.in consequence(=as a result)結果
141.in consequence of(=as a consequence of)由于…的結果
142.under consideration 在考慮中
143.in consideration of(=in return for,on account of,because of)由于
144.on no consideration(in no case)無論如何也不
145.take…into consideration(=take account of,take…into account)考慮到,把 …考慮進去
146.considerate(=thoughtful of the needs)體貼的,考慮他人需要的,considerable相當大的,值得考慮的
147.consist of(=be composed of)由…組成的。consist in主要在于。consist with符合,與…一致
148.be consistent with(=be in agreement with)與…一致。be consistent in一貫的,149.consult sb.on about sth.向…征求…方面的意見,就…向…請教
150.to one's heart's content盡情地,痛痛快快
151.be content with(=be satisfied with)滿足于be content to do sth.愿意做某事152.contrary to(=in opposition to)與…相反
153.on the contrary 相反
154.contrast…with 把…與…相對(對照)
155.in contrast towith 和…形成對比 by contrast 對比之下
156.contribute to 有助于
157.under control(被)控制住 out of control無法控制
158.at one's convenience(=where and when it suits one)在方便的時間或地點.be convenient to for 對…方便
159.convince sb.of(=cause sb.to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.)使某人確信,try to persuade sb.to do sth.勸說某人做…
160.cope with(=deal with,try to find a solution to)應付,處理
161.in the corner(of)在角落里;on(at)the comer of a street在街道拐彎處;round the comer拐過彎; be in a tight corner陷入困境
162.correspond(with)(=exchange letters regularly)通信
163.correspond to 相當于.correspond with 符合,一致
164.at all costs不惜任何代價.at the cost of 以…為代價
165.a matter of course 理所當然的事
166.as a matter of course 當然地,自然地
167.in(during)the course 在…過程中
168.in due course(=without too much delay)沒經過太久,到一定時候
169.on credit賒購; with credit以優異成績; to one's credit使某人感到光榮; do sb.credit 使…感到光榮
170.be critical of 愛挑毛病的,批評的 171.cure sb.of+某種疾病 治好某人的疾病
172.a danger to對…的危險; be in danger(of)處于…危險中; be out of danger脫離危險
173.to date(=so far,until now)到目前為止
174.out of date過時的;up to date新式的,時興的; date back to可追溯到; date from從某時期開始(有)
175.deal with(=concern)論及
176.be in debt to sb.欠…的債
177.on the decline 在衰退中,在減少中 in decline 下降; on the increase 在增加
178.to one's delight 令某人感到高興 to one's regret 遺憾; sorrow悲痛; relief 安心; distress 苦惱; shame羞愧; surprise 驚奇; astonishment 驚奇;
179.delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜歡,取樂
180.take(a)delight in 喜歡干…,以…為樂
181.demand sth.of sb.向某人要求(非物質的)東西。demand sth.from sb.向某人要求(物質的)東西
182.in demand有需求;on demand受到要求時
183.be dependent on 依靠
184.deprive sb.of sth.剝奪某人某物
185.derive…from(=obtain…from)從…取得,由…來的。derive from(=come from)起源于
186.despair of(=lose all hope of)絕望*考試大
187.in despair 絕望
188.despite(=in spite of)不管,盡管
189.in detail 詳細地
190.deviate from 偏離,不按…辦
191.on a diet 吃某種特殊飲食,節食
192.differ from…in 與…的區別在于…
193.in difficulties…有困難,處境困難,194.discharge sb.(from)…for(=dismiss sb.from a job for)因…解雇,開除
195.fall back(=retreat,turn back)撤退; in disorder 慌亂地,狼狽不堪
196.on display(=being shown publicly)陳列
197.dispose of(=get rid of,throw away)處理掉
198.beyond dispute不容爭議的,無可爭議
199.in dispute 在爭議中
200.in the distance 在遠處。make out 辯認出
201.(be)distinct from(= be different from)與…截然不同
202.distinguish between(=make or recognize differences)辨別
203.distinguish…from 把…與…區別開
204.do away with(=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate)除去,廢除,取消; do away with(=kill)殺掉,鎮壓
205.have…to do with 與…有關系
206.without doubt(=undoubtedly)無可置疑地
207.in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty)對…表示疑惑
208.be due to 是由于
209.come off duty 下班
210.go on duty 上班
211.be on duty 值班,值日,在上班時
212.be in duty bound to(do)(=be required by one's job or esp.by conscience)有義務(做)
213.be eager for 想得到,盼望
214.by ear(=play music from memory without having seen it printed)憑記憶,不看樂譜
215.have an ear for(=have keen recognition of sounds esp.in music and language)對……
有鑒賞力
216.a word in one's ear 私房話,秘密話
217.on earth 究竟,到底,全然
218.with ease(= easily)容易,不費力
219.at(one's)ease(= without worry or nervousness)自在,不拘束
220.put sb.at his her ease(=free sb.from worry or nervousness)使某人感到無拘束
221.economize on(=save sth.instead of being wasteful)節省
222.have an effect on 對…有影響
223.be in effect(=be in operation)有效
224.go into effect 生效。(近come into effect; take effect; be brought into effect)
225.in effect(=in fact,really)實際上
226.give effect to(=carry out)實行,使…生效
227.to no effect 不起作用,沒有取得任何效果
228.(be)of no effect(=useless)無效
229.to the effect that 大意是…,主要內容是…
230.to that effect 是那個意思的…
231.emerge from(=appear,become known)出現,暴露(問題。意見等)
232.place(or put,lay)an emphasis on 強調,把重點放在…上
233.encourage sb.in 鼓勵; encourage sb.in hisher work 鼓勵某人工作; encourage sb.in hisher idleness 慫恿某人游手好閑
234.encourage sb.in …with sth.用…鼓勵某人做某事
235.on end(=continuously)連續地
236.(be)at an end(=finished)結束了
237.no end of(=very manymuch)很多,大量
238.in the end(=finally,eventually)最終
239.at one's wit's end(=not knowing what to do or to say)無法可想,智窮計盡
240.end up with 以…而結束
241.come to and end(=finish)結束
242.end in 以…為結束
243.engage in 或 be engaged in 忙于,從事
244.enter for(=put the name on a list for)報名參加
245.enter into(=begin)開始(談話,談判等)
246.enter on upon(=begin)開始(一個時代。一種生涯。一段任期等)
247.be entitled to(=be given the right to do sth.)有權…,有資格…
248.be equal to 等于
249.be feel equal to(=have enough strength,ability etc.)(某人)能勝任,能應付 on equal terms(=on and equal footing)平等地
250.be equipped with 裝備有,裝有
251.(be)equivalent to(=equal in value,amount,meaning)相等于,相當于
252.in essence(=in itsone's nature)本質上
253.at all events(=in spite of everything,in any case)不論怎樣,無論如何
254.in any event(=whatever happens in the future)無論如何,不管(將來)怎么樣
255.in the event that(=if)假如,如果。in the event 結果,實際情況是(常與but 連用)
256.in the event of(=in case of)萬一,即使發生……時
257.except 除…以外; besides 除…以外還有……
258.except(=but)除了。
259.except for(=apart from)除…以外
260.(an)exception to …的例外
261.with the exception of(=except,apart from)除去…。,除…以外
262.in excess of(=more than)超過
263.exchange…for 以…交換
264.exclusive of(=not taking into account; without)不包括
265.in excuse of 作為…的借口
266.exert…on… 對…施加…
267.exert oneself to do sth.努力,使勁
268.come into existence(=begin to exist)開始存在; come into use開始使用; come into effect開始運轉; come into fashion開始時新; come into action開始行動; come into power開始執政; come into sight進入視野;come into blossom開花;
269.(be)in existence存在 come into existence 出現
270.expect…of 在…期望…
271.at the expense of在損害…情況下,以…為犧牲
272.expose…to…使暴露于…,使…受(危險,風險)
273.be exposed to… 面臨…,受到…。
274.beyond expression(=in a manner that cannot be expressed)無法形容,說不出的
275.give expression to 表達,表現 find expression in 表現
276.to …extent 在…程度上
277.in the extreme(= extremely)極其
278.look sb.in the eye 正視,打量(某人)
279.close(shut)one's eyes to不理會,視而不見
280.in one's mind's eye 在心目中,在想象中
281.in the twinkling of an eye 一眨眼,轉眼間
282.keep an eye on(=keep a watch on)照看,監視
283.in the eyes of in one's eyes(= in the judgment of)在某人看來,在某人眼里
284.on the face of it(=judging by what one can see)表面看來
285.in the face of 面對著(困難等情況)
286.in one's face當著某人的面; face to faced面對面; face up to 大膽面向
287.fail in(=be unsuccessful in)失敗
288.in good faith(=honestly,sincerely)真誠地
289.keep faith with 對…守信用
290.lose faith in 對…失去信心
291.on faith 毫無懷疑地,依賴地
292.faithful to(=loyal to)對…忠誠
293.fall into the habit(of)養成…習慣
294.fall short of(=fail to reach a desired result,standard,etc.)沒達到,低于
295.familiar with 熟悉,了解
296.have a fancy for(=like sth.without the help of reason)(沒有道理地)喜歡,想要
297.take a fancy to(=become fond of)喜歡
298.by far 遠,非常(與比較級或最高級連用)
299.far from 遠遠不是
300.far from 非但不…(而且)
第五篇:成人英語三級經驗交流
成人英語三級經驗交流:會漢語就能學會英語
來源:成人三級英語考試網 2010-07-24 23:46 點擊:73
用逆向法學習快兩年了,感受真是太多了。千言萬語匯成一句:It is terrific.It really works.I believe it.It can lead me to touch down.用逆向法學習,我最大的收獲是重新認識了學習英語,學習英語是一種永不停歇的大腦英語思維的自我訓練活動。我們中國人能說漢語是經過了多少年不 自覺地、不停歇地訓練的結果。學習英語也是一樣。有的人說“英語難學,我不是學英語的料”。我覺得有這樣認識的人并不是腦子笨,而是沒有下決心學英語,沒 有持之以恒的學習毅力。我認為,會說漢語,就能學會英語,關鍵是要下功夫長期堅持不懈地自我訓練。
在我看來,逆向法的“聽、寫、說、背、想”五法并舉實際上就是我們從小學習漢語的過程。不過建立漢語的過程是不自覺的、被動的,而現在建立英語 的過程應該是主動的、自覺的。這里所說的主動和自覺是指要認識英語的重要性,學習過程中要自覺創造條件,自覺按照規律進行自我訓練,積極主動地調動各個感官和思維器官去接受英語的刺 激。從這個意義上講,學習英語的人都應該把自己看成是一個小學生,一個詞一個詞,一句話一句話地學。我參加CET-6考試的經歷就充分說明這一點。我從小 學三年級開始學英語,基礎不錯,大學二年級時以77分成績通過了CET-4考試,被認為是班里英語水平比較高的,其實學得并不很扎實。本科畢業前參加過五 次CET-6考試,第一次成績在58.5分,最后一次為48 分。1990年后按逆向法要求聽寫special English,剛開始時只能聽懂播音員較長停頓后念的第一個詞,后面的全是一鍋粥,聽不懂。所以我深深地感到,英語學習是一個長期的過程,來不得半點急 躁。而且必須放下架子,像小孩子學說話那樣,一個詞一個詞地聽寫,來不得半點自以為是。英語基礎比較好的人,經過兩個月左右即可入門。五個月左右就可以順 利地聽懂special English。由于我扎扎實實地通過聽寫Special English 打牢了基礎,在隨后的CET-6考試中得了90.5分(編者注:全校第一名)。
有人認為聽寫special English是英語水平不高的表現,非要在聽不懂Special English的情 況下去聽難度更大的Standard English。這種虛榮心不會帶來真正好效果。其實Special En glish 是很好的教材,它用最常用的詞匯和簡明的語法,把各種事物描述得很好,是非常值 得學習的。能像聽漢語廣播一樣地聽Special English以后再去聽Standard English廣播,才會比較容易入門。按照逆向法學習,收獲很大,其樂無窮。