第一篇：新視野大學(xué)英語(第二版)綜合訓(xùn)練3答案3

7． People who live in the areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence should build houses that are resistant to ground movement.8． A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water, which, he said, indicated the possible occurrence of an earthquake.Part.XI, p.162 1． 在日本和中國，人們長期以來一直相信地震是可以預(yù)測的。2．

2． 中國人的傳統(tǒng)做法是觀察動植物以獲取地震的警示信號。

3． 他們還注意到，蛇會爬出地洞，狗會狂吠不已，甚至那些平常很安靜的狗也會叫個不停。

4． 所以，建造具有抗震能力的樓房成為關(guān)注的重點。

5． 高架橋的水泥柱先前只是在內(nèi)部埋設(shè)鋼條，如今外面也包上了鋼板。

6． 同時，貯備一些可以凈化水和消滅病菌的東西也很重要，這樣就可以放心飲用其他來源 的水了。

7． 大家應(yīng)該商定一個地震區(qū)外的會合點——可能是在幾英里外的某個市鎮(zhèn)。

8． 教育人們?nèi)绾卧诘卣鹬行掖嫦聛恚瑧?yīng)該是所有政府規(guī)劃和地震研究項目的重點所在。

Section B.Changes in the Balance of Nature Reading Skills 1.In Paragraphs 3, 4 and 5.You can get the answer by reading the first sentence of these paragraphs very quickly.2.About 5 billion years ago.(Para.3)You can have the answer by just skimming for the words “the Earth” and “formed”.3.About 3 million years ago.(Para.4)You can get the answer by just skimming for the words “the first human beings”.4.Section 2.You get the answer only by noticing the spacing and reading the headline of the section.5.Section 3.You have the answer only by noticing the spacing and reading the headline of the section.XVI.Choose the best answer to each of the following questions

1.in agreement with 2.cooled 3.out of proportion to 4.hard 5.can’t be regenerated 6.speed up 7.in peace with 8.aware of Part

XVII, p.174 1.rotates 2.flourishing 3.exceeded 4.abuse 5.accelerate 6.retain 7.ignorant 8.opposed Part

XVIII, p.175 1.Now that I am retired, I find I am spending more and more time on voluntary charity work, which I am veryhappy to take part in.2.His interests are in harmony with mine.3.In other words, 95 percent of the students have passed the entrance examination and been admitted to universities.4.We go abroad for a week or ten days every year, but I think we have a very simple life compared with many.5.Since coal is formed from plants, which are chemically very complicated, its own chemical make-up is very complex.6.During his stay in the countryside, he took to smoking.7.The father was ignorant of the boy’s secrets.8.The earthquake that took place last week brought about ten thousand deaths and destruction of half of the buildings in the area.Unit 7 III 1.modernize 2.interpret 3.distributing 4.punctually 5.conservation 6.maximum 7.exported 8.conquer 9.classification 10.recreation IV 1.by name 2.in high gear 3.turned out 4.At times 5.as to 6.stem from 7.put in 8.on the subject of 9.in the interest of 10.work on V D G N B I M E J L A

VI life 2.economy 3.conversation 4.politics 5.country 6.garden 7.industry 8.literature 9.interview 10.meetings VII 1.seaward: going toward the sea 2.backward: directed toward the back, the beginning, or the past;returning;behind indevelopment 3.earthward: toward the earth 4.outward: toward the outside;away;on the outside, appearing to be truebut perhaps not really true 5.southward: going toward the south 6.northward: going toward the north 7.homeward: going toward home 8.inward: moving toward the inside;on the inside;of the mind or spirit

VIII 1.interchangeable 2.intermingle 3.interconnected 4.interdependent 5.interplay 6.intermarriage 7.interpersonal 8.interactive IX 1.As to what actually happened to the headquarters 2.As to where I should go to further my study 3.as to how different they are and why we want to keep them both 4.as to whether or nor I should remain at the college working as a teaching assistant 5.as to whether the old hard ware is to be replaced by new hardware X 1.There is nouse trying to help those who do not help themselves 2.it is no good trying to solve the issue between the nations by means ofwar 3.There is no sense refusing to acceptit 4.There is no point in having a load of money 5.there is no harm in spending some time thinking about what sort of career you might wish topursue XI 1.An interesting question therefore remains as to how far Microsoft can go with Gates as its CEO.2.There’s/It’sno use complaining since nothing ever changes as the result of a complaint.What’s important is to take measures to prevent similar events from happiness.3.Learn to accept the fact that some people you thought were friends turn out to be enemies.4.As you would expect from the book’s title, there are many references to what kind of man Gates is.5.The prosperity of the company stems from hardworking and thrifty of the entire staff.6.He said nothing at all on the subject of the play which was put on for the first time Saturday night.XII 1.至于那天晚上他是怎么死的，事實上我無法解釋，而且也許不會有任何可能的解釋了。

2．做了一件事然后說自己本來不想那樣做是沒有用的；如果你不想做，你就不會做了。3．微軟公司正在研究降低其產(chǎn)品成本的方法，以便發(fā)展中國家的人也能買得起。4．蘋果公司也愿意將其部分軟件與微軟公司的產(chǎn)品捆綁在一起，以促進(jìn)其銷售。5． 與評價父親不同，人們評價母親依據(jù)的是其為母之道的成功或失敗。對于母親來說，一 切都取決于孩子最終成為什么樣的人。

6． 人們會發(fā)現(xiàn)這個網(wǎng)站很有價值，因為我們投入了大量時間準(zhǔn)備網(wǎng)站的信息。

XIII 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 B 5 A 6 D 7 B 8 D 9 C 10 A 11 D 12 B 13 D 14 C 15 A 16 C 17 D 18 C 19 A 20 D

unit8 Unit 8Section A Vocabulary III.1.mount 2.resembles 3.implication 4.prohibits 5.deliberate 6.debate 7.classified 8.guidelines 9.split 10.generated Exercises on Web course only: 11.categories 12.breed 13.commission 14.draft 15.confusion

IV.1.within reach 2.fall into 3.in terms of 4.get around 5.regardless of 6.referred to 7.What if 8.in the first place 9.concerned about 10.identical to Exercises on Web course only: 11.in the wake of 12.comparable to 13.puzzling over

V.1.K 2.E 3.M 4.O 5.F 6.H 7.N 8.A 9.I 10.B Collocation VI.1.duties 2.emotions 3.interests 4.experience 5.responsibility 6.love 7.characteristics 8.memories 9.information10.belief Word Building VII.1.transposition 2.transatlantic 3.transmigrants 4.transformed 5.transnational 6.transoceanic 7.transshipped 8.transported VIII.1.nonexistent 2.non-stop 3.non-art 4.non-college 5.non-productive 6.non-profit 7.non-fiction 8.non-violent Sentence Structure

IX.1.What if I say no 2.What if they don’t know 3.What if we can’t finish it on time 4.What if this happens to us someday 5.What if he has lied to us X.1.The Bosnian peace talks are continuing in Geneva today with the new proposals atthe top of the agenda.2.All of Southern Africa is suffering from a severe drought with Mozambique and Zimbabwe among the worse-hit countries.3.The Europe Summit in Paris is drawing to an end with the US in danger of being completely isolated.4.With the King in prison, the chief commander came to power and ruled the country.5.With stability itself under threat, the reforms deserve all the support they can get.Translation XI.1.It sounds like a good idea, but what if it’s a trick?

2.Cities and towns in this area suffered a lot from the earthquake with Jiujiang and Ruichang among the worst-hit.3.He complained that they should not have got involved in it in the first place.4.For Mary’s sake, I can lend you my car to get around your transport problem.5.In theory it’s feasible to clone a child to harvest organs, but in practice it would be psychologically harmful to the child.6.He published an article under the name of Braver which stresses the idea that the process of cloning animals would work forhumans as well.XII.1.你說你不會把時間浪費(fèi)在約會上，但如果遇到吸引你的男子，你會怎么辦呢？ 2.為了幫助艾滋病患者，需要有新的措施，地方社團(tuán)、非政府機(jī)構(gòu)、政府和國際組織之間 要建立密切的合作關(guān)系。

3.上周，該國際傳出消息說，他們正密切關(guān)注該地區(qū)的情況。

4.在導(dǎo)致數(shù)百人死亡的污染事件發(fā)生之后，政府開始起草環(huán)境保護(hù)指導(dǎo)方針。5.正如這篇文章的作者所警告的，克隆人類可能是一件使人更加悲傷而非更加高興的事。

6.在一些西方國家，有些父母準(zhǔn)備克隆孩子，目的是進(jìn)行非致使非致命器官的移植。

Cloze XIII.1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.A 15.B 17.D 18.A 19.D 20.B

Section B Reading Skills I.1.The title is actually a question.Byusing a question as a title, the writer tries to attract the readers’ attention.Obviously, it’s about the possibility or legality of human cloning.The writer will give us a thorough analysis as to who might take advantage of human cloning.2.The language is formal and serious.Besides, it is emotional.The evidence for this is the repeated employment of rhetorical questions.3.Altogether, there are seven questions, including the one in the title.Of the seven, four are rhetorical questions.They appear respectively at the end of Paragraph 2, Paragraph 3, Paragraph 4, and at the beginning of Paragraph 6.4.Rhetorical questions are mainly intended to stir up the readers’ emotions, to put them off guard, making them ready to accept the writer’s opinion.Rhetorically, this is called emotional appeal.By using rhetorical questions four times, the writer of this text is appealing tothe readers to accept the idea “Don’t just say no to human cloning”.With all the above in view, we can see that the text is persuasive.Comprehension of the Text

II.1.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.T Vocabulary III.1.resigned 2.consent 3.governing 4.refusal 5.disposed 6.artificial 7.desirable 8.reproduce 9.violated 10.radical Exercises on Web course only: 11.probable 12.reflection 13.resume 14.panic 15.opposition IV.1.She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.2.It makes sense to buy the most up-to-date version.3.If the day turns out to be wet, we may have to change our plans.4.Uponreflection, she decided to accept his offer.5.For the sake of a successful exhibition we should try our best to collect more famous paintings.6.We reserved two tickets in the name of Brown.7.We had to resign ourselves to taking a loss on the sale.8.Economic and social inequalities can never be viewed as positive and constructive forces.9.If he did move to Beijing, he’d stand a chance of getting a job.10.These policemen are frightened at the prospect that they face a population which has the most advanced automatic arms at its disposal.Unit 9 Section A Vocabulary III.1.invitation 2.enforced 3.cited 4.awkward 5.inherited 6.dispute 7.exposure 8.valid 9.verified 10.justification Exercises on Web course only: 11.editing 12.division 13.bind 14.payments 15.headline IV.1.She has certainly gained in confidence over the last couple of years.2.The actor made the headlines for having an affair.3.Greg’s parents are worried about his exposure to the kind of people they don’t approve of while he’s at college.4.The opposition parties are calling for the minister’s resignation over the scandal.5.The administration is in the process of drawing up a peace plan.6.She’ll end up penniless if she keeps spending as much as that.7.She lays bare her three unhappymarriages in her autobiography.8.Hopingthat he might be able to shed light on the problem, I asked Paul to look at the engine.9.The outside influences have no bearing on what you can do for your basketball team.10.Thank you;I’ll store that piece of ness away for

第二篇：新視野大學(xué)英語

Unit6a 4月7日，星期六

我和史蒂夫已拖運(yùn)垃圾整整四個小時了，中間只停下來說了約五分鐘的話。

每次我將滿滿的一桶垃圾扛上肩，肩膀就痛得厲害，有時候扛著垃圾朝街上走，腿都打顫，可我心里卻對自己說：“挺住，垃圾工，要挺住。”

我原本就沒有想過這工作會有什么快樂可言。倒、扛、走、扛、走。時間過得飛快。

星期六意味著一路上大多數(shù)成年人會呆在家里。上學(xué)的孩子也一樣。

我心里琢磨，這可能意味著我挨家挨戶收垃圾時可以和人們多搭上幾句話了。很多人在花園里或花房里干活兒。多數(shù)人看上去是可以說說話的。

雖沒有工夫聊很久，但問候幾句以示禮貌還是有時間的。

但我吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)并不是這么回事。

直到我在幾家院子里問候了幾次以后，才意識到這么做是不常見的。

偶爾，有人也會看著我，微笑一下，對我說一聲“你好”，或者“今天天氣真好”。這時，我還是感到有人情味兒。

可多數(shù)情況下，人們的反應(yīng)要么是不理我，要么是因為我這個垃圾工竟然也和他們說話而驚訝地盯著我看。

一個身著家常便服的婦女見我繞過她家的拐角，臉上露出驚訝之色。

聽到我向她打招呼，她就趕緊用衣服把自己嚴(yán)嚴(yán)實實地遮了起來，并匆忙退回屋里。我還聽到咔嗒一聲門被鎖上了。

另一個婦女，院子里養(yǎng)了一只巨大古怪的動物。我問她那是什么動物，她兩眼盯著我。

我以為她耳背，所以提高了聲音。她好像給嚇著了似的，冷冷地轉(zhuǎn)身走了。

這兒離垃圾場有很長一段路，在駕車去垃圾場的路上，史蒂夫氣憤地敘說著這些事情。

“從多數(shù)人看你的那種眼光，就知道在他們眼里垃圾工是怪物。如果你對他們問聲好，他們就驚奇地看著你。他們根本沒想到我們也是人。”

“有個女人往垃圾箱里倒煙灰。我說，我們這樣沒法裝運(yùn)。

她說，‘我倒什么你管得著嗎，你算什么東西? 你不過是個垃圾工罷了。’

我說，‘聽著，太太，我的智商是137，高中畢業(yè)時是班上的尖子生。我干這活是為了掙錢，不是因為我只能干這個。’”

“我真想對他們說，‘你瞧瞧，我跟你們一樣干凈。’可這沒用。我從不對任何人說我是垃圾工。我說我是卡車司機(jī)。

我家里人知道，可我妻子的家人不知道。

如果有人正好碰到，問‘你是給垃圾公司開車嗎?’我就說是。我相信我們做的事是人們所需要的，就像當(dāng)警察或者消防隊員一樣。我并不為此而感到見不得人，可我也不會到處去吹噓自己的工作。”

“有一天，我妻子的一個朋友見到她孩子從家里跑出來看垃圾車，她就大聲叫嚷起來，‘離那些垃圾工遠(yuǎn)點，他們身上臟’。我很生她的氣。

我說，‘那些垃圾工和我們一樣干凈。’ ‘你好像很同情他們似的，’她說。‘是的，我是很同情他們。’ 可我從沒有告訴她這是為什么。”

這活兒我原先只打算干兩天，可現(xiàn)在我要干下去。

這可鍛煉人呢，雖然肩部肌肉酸痛，可我扛垃圾桶越扛越得心應(yīng)手了。我越干越快，越干越利索。在室外干活還可以呼吸新鮮空氣，而且完全不像人們認(rèn)為的那樣，我干的活兒其實很干凈。

我還決定繼續(xù)在人家的院子里向人們說“你好”。這不會有什么壞處，而且感覺依舊不錯。

說實話，我感到驕傲，我在做一項必不可少的工作。每晚工作結(jié)束時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個國家比早上更干凈了。并不是許多人每晚都能這樣說的。

約翰·加德納曾寫道，一個只贊揚(yáng)哲學(xué)家而蔑視管道工的社會必定會出現(xiàn)麻煩。他警告說：“這個社會的管道和理論都會出問題。”

他也許應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步要求人們既尊重經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家又尊重垃圾工；不然的話，他們都會在身后留下垃圾。Unit6b 星期天凌晨三點整，他終于把自己累死了。

當(dāng)然，訃告并沒有這么說，只說他死于心臟病。但是他的朋友和熟人很快就明白了是怎么回事。

他是個典型的A型人，工作成癮。相互間他們這么說，搖著頭，并且沉思五或十分鐘，反思他們的生活方式。

此君叫菲爾，星期天凌晨三點整，把自己累死了。那天是他的休息日，可他卻在工作。他把自己生命中的最后18年獻(xiàn)給了那項工作。他51歲，是公司的一位副總裁。更確切地說，他是六位副總裁之一，而且，假如公司總裁去世或者很快退休的話，他是有可能升至最高職位的三位副總裁之一。菲爾是休息不起的。

他每周工作六天，其中五天每天工作到晚上八點或九點，而此時他的公司除了當(dāng)官的，其他人都已開始每周工作四天。

他撥不出時間來做戶外活動，除非你把他每月打一次高爾夫球也算在內(nèi)。對于菲爾來說，那也是工作。他總是在辦公桌上吃雞蛋色拉三明治。當(dāng)然，他比較胖，患有高血壓。

每逢星期六，菲爾就穿運(yùn)動茄克衫而不是西服去辦公室，因為是周末。

他手下有很多人，大約60個，多數(shù)時候大多數(shù)人都喜歡他，敬慕他。其中三人將被認(rèn)真考慮來接替他的工作。訃告對此避而不談。

然而訃告卻一一列出了被他“留下的人”。

在他身后有妻子海倫，她48歲，心地善良，但卻沒有特別的職業(yè)技能，結(jié)婚生子之前曾做過辦公室工作。據(jù)她女兒說，多年前孩子們還小時，她就放棄了與他的工作競爭。公司的一位朋友說：“我知道你將多么思念他。” 而她回答道：“我早已這樣了。”

“這些年來思念著他，”她已經(jīng)放棄了自己的一部分，這部分的她太關(guān)心這個男人了。從此她將“得到很好的關(guān)照”。

他“親愛的孩子”中“親愛的長子”在南方的一家制造公司當(dāng)經(jīng)理，工作很努力。在安葬父親的前一天，他走訪了鄰居，試圖多了解他的父親。鄰居們很尷尬，只能裝作比事實上更了解他的父親。

他的第二個孩子是個女兒，今年24歲，剛剛結(jié)婚。

她住在她母親附近，兩人關(guān)系親密。但是，以前每當(dāng)她和父親單獨在一起時，比如開車去什么地方時，兩人幾乎無話可說。

最小的是個男孩，今年20歲，是個高中畢業(yè)生。和他的許多朋友一樣，他滿足于打零工，以維持吃飯和吸大麻。

他父親的工作不適合他。

雖然如此，他依然努力理解他父親，努力表明自己對他很重要，以此將他拴在家里。他是他父親的最愛。

在過去的兩年里，菲爾常為擔(dān)心這個男孩而睡不著覺。

這男孩有一次說道：“我和我父親只住在這里。”

在葬禮上，60歲的公司總裁告訴48歲的寡婦，51歲的死者對公司非常重要，公司會思念他，很難找到人來代替他。寡婦不敢正面看他。

她擔(dān)心他會看出她的不快。畢竟，她需要他來理清他們之間的財務(wù)——優(yōu)先認(rèn)股權(quán)等等之類。

菲爾身體胖，弦總是繃得緊緊的，工作太賣力。如果他不在辦公室，他就放心不下。他是容易患心臟病的那種人。

在一大群人中，你一眼就能將他辨認(rèn)出來。

因此，當(dāng)他星期天凌晨三點整終于把自己累死時，沒有人真正感到吃驚。

安葬的那天下午五點，公司總裁開始（當(dāng)然非常謹(jǐn)慎地）向他的左右詢問接替菲爾的人選（三者之一）的情況。

他問大家：“誰工作最賣力？” Unit7a 和大多數(shù)城里人一樣，我非常小心謹(jǐn)慎。

在把車開進(jìn)車庫前，我會掃視街道和周圍的小路，看看有沒有異常的人或物。那天晚上也不例外。

可是當(dāng)我手里拿著肯德基炸雞走出車庫時，一個身材圓胖、留著短髭、頭戴絨線帽、身穿深色尼龍夾克的年輕人從停車處旁的灌木叢中鉆出來，把手槍頂在我的雙眼之間。

“交出來，他媽的──，”他威脅道，“交出來。”

“嗨，”我說，“拿去吧。”

我一邊說，一邊把肯德基快餐盒放在小路旁邊的花盆上，同時設(shè)法把我房子的鑰匙扔進(jìn)灌木叢中。

“你的錢在哪兒? 你的錢在哪兒?”他吼道。

在我們遭遇的全過程中，他會重復(fù)自己說的每一句話；出于本能，我也同樣重復(fù)著自己的話。

“在我錢包里，在我錢包里。”我說。

他走到我的背后，把槍頂在我的脖子上，開始搜我的褲子口袋。

“錢包在哪兒?”他問。

“在后面的口袋里。”

“還有呢?”

“我就這么多錢了。”

“手表在哪兒?”

“在這兒，”我邊回答邊把左臂伸出去。就在這時，他的同伙出現(xiàn)了。

他很瘦小，手持一支加大的藍(lán)色鋼制手槍。

他深色的眼睛里閃著光，好似擦亮了的玻璃；他手臂和雙腿毫無預(yù)示地移動著，就好像是連著看不見的電線似的。

他厲聲說道，“不許看我們，不許看我們。”

他并不蠢。

我看過許多刑事審判，因而知道在那些武裝襲擊的受害者中，很少有人能夠辨認(rèn)出襲擊他們的人，因為他們的注意力全集中在槍上，而沒有注意持槍人。我有意識地留意了一下他們的面部細(xì)節(jié)。

“我沒有看你們。”當(dāng)那個大個子劫匪把手表從我的手腕上扯下來時，我撒了個謊。

“趴下，趴下，”那小個子命令我，并一把摘下了我的眼鏡，把它扔到草坪上。

這時，我已面朝下趴在了地上，前額緊貼著地面的泥土。

那個大個子劫匪用槍頂著我的后腦勺，小個子用手槍緊緊頂著我左邊的太陽穴。

我當(dāng)時想，“這下完了。萊斯利會受不了的。主啊，可憐可憐我這個有罪的人吧。”

“這是什么?”大個子問道。

我把頭轉(zhuǎn)向右邊。

“是肯德基炸雞，”我說。

“我們要帶走，”大個子厲聲說道。

于是，突然間，劫匪們手里拿著錢包、手表和炸雞，腳步聲在黑暗的街道上越來越遠(yuǎn)。

我轉(zhuǎn)過身，看見他們的影子鉆進(jìn)了一輛汽車，急速地開走了。

他們沒有殺我，但他們?yōu)槭裁催@么做呢? 是仁慈? 是因為時間太緊而顧不上? 還是因為饑餓?

“多奇怪啊，”我心中暗想，“竟然是炸雞救了我的命。我看到的是死亡，而他們看到的是食物。”

我站起身來，找到了鑰匙，進(jìn)了屋，然后撥通了911。接線員記下了我對劫匪的描述，然后派了輛警車來。

我為自己倒了一杯烈性酒，不一會兒，兩個穿制服的洛杉磯警察局的警察就到了。他們對此事作了筆錄，說“幸好”沒有受傷。

“但是，” 臨走時一個警察對我說，“他們拿走了你的炸雞，這實在太不像話了。”

后來，一個警察打電話來詢問其他細(xì)節(jié)。

他說這兩個劫匪的作案手法表明他們可能就是過去幾個月里這一地區(qū)多起搶劫案的實施者。他讓我到警察局去看一下疑犯的照片。

于是，上周一我翻看了相簿大小的幾本照片，多數(shù)是年輕人的──令人驚訝的是其中有相當(dāng)一部分實際上還是孩子。

一張張翻看并研讀這些照片，仿佛漂流在一條讓人傷心的河流上，就像身處英國詩人布萊克筆下的泰晤士河，似乎“看見每一個過往行人都是滿臉饑色，一副苦相”。

這些年輕人聚合在一起構(gòu)成了一條河流──一條已失去控制的河流，這條河流正吞噬著我們所珍視的東西的基礎(chǔ)：我們的行動自由，我們的勞動果實，我們的生命，以及那些我們所珍視的人的生命。總有一天，我們將不得不面對這條河流，并探索其對現(xiàn)實不滿的深層原因。

而目前，我們所能做的就是看看罪犯的照片，并參與到構(gòu)筑抑制犯罪的大壩中去。Unit7b 我有一支黑色手槍，手柄是棕色的。

手槍就擱在我的床頭，里面裝著五顆子彈，并且總是上了膛的。

我一貫主張控制槍支，奇怪的是我現(xiàn)在依然主張控制槍支。

以前我沒有槍，并不是因為我對有關(guān)犯罪的統(tǒng)計資料不了解，也不是因為我自認(rèn)為可以不受暴力的襲擊。

以前我認(rèn)為自己不相信暴力，我自己也沒暴力傾向，所以我不會受到暴力的侵襲。我還認(rèn)為我對人性本善的信念會使這一假想成為現(xiàn)實。

我應(yīng)該把槍從住所帶到車上，但是我沒有這樣做。

這支槍可以做的、被用來做的，比它所能阻止的更讓我感到恐懼。

如果我?guī)е鴺尩臅r候遭到了襲擊，那我就一定會用它來殺人，而不僅僅是傷人。

我曾想象自己遭遇歹徒的襲擊，并不是真的遇到這種事： 一個男子正在街上走。

我鎖上車，朝公寓走去，拿著鑰匙準(zhǔn)備開門。

還沒有走到門口，我覺得我聽到一個聲音在說，“把錢給我。”

在我打開門之前我又聽到了一個聲音，然后我轉(zhuǎn)過身，看到了一個持槍的人。

他很害怕。

我害怕我會嚇著他，致使他朝我開槍，我還擔(dān)心我把錢給他以后，他仍然會朝我開槍。我同樣也很生氣，因為一個我從未見過、也從未傷害過的人在用槍指著我。

我想象的這起搶劫中有某種令我不安的東西，這是我不愿承認(rèn)的東西，這是因為羞愧而被我有意略去的東西。

我明白我為什么會想象自己遭到一個男子的搶劫：他們在身體上占有優(yōu)勢，而且我也從沒聽說有誰遭到過一個女人的搶劫。

但為什么這個人是個黑人呢?

為什么是個穿著破舊T恤, 雙眼發(fā)亮的黑人男子呢? 為什么不是個白人?

我想象我站在克萊爾本街和杰克遜街拐角處的一個加油站等待付款，這時，一個黑人從我身后走來。我沒有回頭，而是正眼朝前看，等著付款。

我盡量不表現(xiàn)出自己的焦慮，而這種焦慮的產(chǎn)生僅僅是因為在一個名聲不好的街區(qū)的加油站有一個黑人從我身后走來，而且他沒有汽車。

我又想象另一種可能性。

當(dāng)我聽見那個聲音時，我正帶著槍在街上走。那人一定沒看見我的槍。

我很生氣，因為我受到了威脅，因為有人為了得到我口袋里的錢而危及著我的生命。

于是我轉(zhuǎn)過身，既憤怒又恐懼，還未細(xì)想就開了槍。我也許只是因為50或100美元就殺了一個人。他曾試圖搶劫我，可這一點并不重要。

一個人因為錢而死，不一定是我的錢或者是他的錢，只是錢。是誰給他的生命如此標(biāo)價的呢?

我記得有一個晚上和朋友一起開著她父母的車，在卡爾頓街和圖蘭街交叉處遇到紅燈，車停了下來。這時有一個黑人從我們車前穿過馬路。我的朋友便不由自主地鎖上了車門。

我很討厭她一看到那個黑人就鎖上車門的舉動。不知他是否注意到了我們這一舉動。

不知當(dāng)別人一看到你就鎖上車門，那會是一種什么樣的感覺。

我又設(shè)想另外一種在我的公寓前遭遇歹徒的情景。當(dāng)一個人向我要錢時我正帶著槍。我很生氣又很害怕，但我沒有用槍。

我害怕在我不使用槍的情況下可能發(fā)生的事情，但我更害怕殺死別人，害怕在因為殺了人而使良心遭受的無盡譴責(zé)中活著。

于是我以生命做賭注，希望他拿了我的錢就會離開。但愿我能贏。

現(xiàn)在我走進(jìn)了我家附近的一家加油站。一個黑人已經(jīng)在排隊等候。

他突然跳起來并轉(zhuǎn)過身，在看見我以后才放松下來，對我說我嚇著他了，因為這一帶常出事。

“對不起，”我微笑著說。我意識到擔(dān)驚受怕的并不只是我一個人。Unit8a 奇思妙想是如何形成的，現(xiàn)在還沒有令人滿意的解釋。

你對某一個問題思考了很久，直至感到疲勞，把它忘掉了，也許暫時不去想它了，可后來卻忽然來了靈感!當(dāng)你不去想它的時候，答案卻突然從天而降，仿佛上蒼賜予你的一份禮物。

當(dāng)然，并非所有的思想都是這樣產(chǎn)生的，但許多思想的產(chǎn)生確實如此，尤其是那些最為重要的思想。它們猛然間躍入人的腦海，閃爍著創(chuàng)造的光芒。

它們是如何出現(xiàn)在人的腦海中的呢?這還是個謎。但這些思想一定來自某個地方。我們姑且假定它們是來自“潛意識”吧。

這是有道理的，心理學(xué)家就是用這一術(shù)語來描述不為人知的思維過程。創(chuàng)造性思維有賴于未知的東西變成已知的東西。

我們都有過靈機(jī)一動、突然有了一個新想法的經(jīng)歷，而這在那些富有創(chuàng)造性的天才人物身上最顯而易見。他們中的許多人對這種經(jīng)歷有著強(qiáng)烈的感受，并在回憶錄和信函中將其記錄了下來。

無論是宗教、哲學(xué)、文學(xué)，還是藝術(shù)、音樂，甚至數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)、技術(shù)發(fā)明，在任何領(lǐng)域的天才人物身上，我們都能找到這樣的例子，雖然人們常常認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)以及技術(shù)發(fā)明所依賴的僅僅是邏輯和實驗。一切真正創(chuàng)造性的活動都在某種程度上依賴于潛意識中的這些信號；一個人洞察力越強(qiáng)，這些信號就越鮮明、越引人注目。

以理查德·瓦格納創(chuàng)作《萊茵河的黃金》的前奏曲為例。

有關(guān)“鐘聲”的創(chuàng)意瓦格納已經(jīng)構(gòu)思了幾年時間，而他竭盡全力著手進(jìn)行作曲也已經(jīng)數(shù)月。

1853年9月4日他抵達(dá)斯佩齊亞，當(dāng)時他正在生病。他去了一家旅館。由于旅館外面噪音太大，而他又在發(fā)燒，所以他無法入睡。第二天，他出去散步，走了很長的路，下午，他一頭扎進(jìn)沙發(fā)想睡一覺。這時候，他的潛意識長期以來一直在尋找的奇跡發(fā)生了。

他進(jìn)入了似睡非睡的朦朧狀態(tài)，驟然間感覺到自己仿佛掉進(jìn)了滔滔洪水之中, 不斷地下沉，很快，洪水的沖擊聲和咆哮聲以音樂的形式呈現(xiàn)在他的腦海里。

他意識到，久存于心中、卻始終未能譜寫成的《萊茵河的黃金》管弦樂前奏曲終于在他腦海里形成了。在這個事例中，意識在創(chuàng)作的時候?qū)Πl(fā)現(xiàn)答案的實際過程一無所知。

作為對照，我們可以舉一個有名的事例，即法國偉大的數(shù)學(xué)家亨利·龐加萊發(fā)現(xiàn)被稱為富克斯函數(shù)的數(shù)學(xué)新方法的故事。

我們看到，在這位天才人物身上，意識活動事實上一直注視著潛意識所起的作用。一連幾個星期，他每天伏案工作，花上一兩個小時嘗試著大量的組合，但毫無結(jié)果。一天夜里，他一反常規(guī)，喝了些清咖啡，無法入睡。

許多想法在他腦子里不斷涌現(xiàn)；他幾乎能感覺到這些想法在相互碰撞，直到其中的兩個結(jié)合在一起，形成了一個穩(wěn)定的組合。

到了早晨，他已經(jīng)確證了一類富克斯函數(shù)的存在。他只需去證明其結(jié)果，而這只需要幾個小時即可以解決。

在這件事中，我們看到意識一直注視著在潛意識中形成的新組合，而瓦格納的例子則顯示了一個新想法在意識中的突然迸發(fā)。笛卡爾23歲時所做過的、決定了他的人生道路的一些夢，可以作為第三種創(chuàng)造性經(jīng)歷的例證。在這之前，笛卡爾一直在尋找確定性，先是在書本里，然后是在人群中，但均未成功。

然后，在1619年11月10日的一次睡夢中，他有了一個意義重大的發(fā)現(xiàn)，即確定性只存在于自己的思想中，“我思，故我在”。

這場夢使他充滿了強(qiáng)烈的宗教熱情。

瓦格納、龐加萊和笛卡爾的經(jīng)歷代表了各個文化領(lǐng)域中無數(shù)其他的經(jīng)歷。潛意識無疑是本能活動產(chǎn)生的源泉。

然而，在創(chuàng)造性思維過程中，正是潛意識使得相對無序的成分變成新的有序形式。Unit8b 客人已經(jīng)到了, 但我又一次忘了把葡萄酒放進(jìn)冰箱里。“別擔(dān)心，” 一位朋友說，“我馬上就能替你把酒冰好。”

五分鐘后，她拿著完全冰鎮(zhèn)好的葡萄酒從廚房走出來。

當(dāng)被問到有什么秘訣時，她說：“我把葡萄酒倒進(jìn)塑料袋里，再把袋子浸入冰水中。”

客人們鼓掌喝彩。

其中一個說，“要是我們大家都能這么聰明, 該多好啊!”

十年來的研究使我確信, 我們都能變得那樣聰明。

普通人與愛迪生、畢加索或者莎士比亞之間的差別不在于是否有創(chuàng)造力, 而在于是否有通過激發(fā)創(chuàng)造性靈感并將這種靈感付諸實踐來利用創(chuàng)造力的能力。

我們大多數(shù)人很少能充分發(fā)揮自己的創(chuàng)造潛力，可蘊(yùn)藏在我們每個人大腦里的思想寶庫是能夠被開啟的。

下面介紹幾種提高創(chuàng)造力的具體方法。

捕捉稍縱即逝的想法。

好的想法就像兔子，會飛快地溜走，有時我們只能看到它的耳朵或者尾巴。所以, 要抓住它必須有所準(zhǔn)備。

有創(chuàng)造力的人總是隨時準(zhǔn)備采取行動——這也許是我們與這些人之間的唯一差別。

1821年，路德維希·凡·貝多芬在給朋友的一封信中談到他在馬車上打盹時想到了一首美妙的曲子，“可我一醒來, 那首曲子便無影無蹤了，我怎么也記不起來。”

好在當(dāng)貝多芬第二天乘坐同一輛馬車時，那首曲子又回到了他的腦海，于是他把它記錄了下來，這對于貝多芬和我們都可謂是一件幸事。

有好主意的時候，把它寫下來——必要時就寫在手臂上。并非所有的想法都有價值, 但先捉住它, 以后再作評價。

冥思遐想。

畫家薩爾瓦多·達(dá)利經(jīng)常手拿著勺子躺在沙發(fā)上。當(dāng)他要入睡時，勺子就會掉到地板上的盤子里。

響聲會將他驚醒，他便立刻把在那個似睡非睡時的豐富世界里腦海中所浮現(xiàn)出來的眾多形象繪成草圖。人人都會經(jīng)歷這種奇特的狀態(tài)，并可以加以利用。不妨試一試達(dá)利的方法或者干脆讓自己隨心所欲地遐想。

身處“三地”——床、浴室和公共汽車——常常會使你產(chǎn)生奇思妙想。只要你的思維不受干擾，你就會才思如泉涌。

尋找挑戰(zhàn)。

試一試邀請你生活中不同領(lǐng)域的朋友和商業(yè)伙伴來參加晚會。

把不同年齡、不同社會地位的人組合在一起，會促使你用新的方法來思考問題。

美國最具創(chuàng)造力的發(fā)明家之一埃德溫·蘭德說，使他產(chǎn)生發(fā)明寶麗來相機(jī)這一想法的是他三歲的女兒。1943年在去圣菲游覽時，女兒問他，為什么她無法看到他剛剛拍攝的照片。

在接下來的一小時里，蘭德一邊在圣菲游覽，一邊在腦中匯聚著他學(xué)過的所有化學(xué)知識。“照相機(jī)和膠片對于我變得清晰可見。在我的腦海里，它們?nèi)绱苏鎸崳矣昧撕脦讉€小時琢磨它們。”

拓展你的視野。

許多理工和人文科學(xué)方面的發(fā)現(xiàn)都融合了不同領(lǐng)域中的思想。以“兩繩問題”為例。

兩根相距甚遠(yuǎn)的繩子分別從天花板上垂下來。

盡管你無法同時夠到兩根繩子，但有沒有可能只用一把鉗子就把兩根繩子系到一起呢?

一位大學(xué)生把鉗子系到一根繩子上，然后讓它像鐘擺那樣擺動起來。在繩子來回擺動的時候，他迅速走到另一根繩子那兒，將其盡量向前拉。當(dāng)擺動的繩子靠近他時，他把它抓住，然后將兩根繩子系到一起。

當(dāng)被問到是如何取得成功時，這個大學(xué)生解釋道，他剛剛上完一堂有關(guān)擺動的物理課。他是把課堂上學(xué)到的知識應(yīng)用到了一個完全不同的地方。

這個道理在其他方面也同樣有效。要提高創(chuàng)造力，就得學(xué)習(xí)新的知識。

如果你是銀行家，就學(xué)一學(xué)跳踢踏舞；如果你是護(hù)士，就學(xué)一學(xué)維他命療法。讀一本關(guān)于某一門新學(xué)科的書，不要總是讀同一家日報。

新的東西與舊的東西會以全新的、可能是非常誘人的方式結(jié)合起來。

要變得更有創(chuàng)造力意味著你得留心你那些無窮無盡的想法, 學(xué)會捕捉你腦子里的新東西，并將之付諸行動。Unit9a 一個大學(xué)教授的學(xué)生可能多達(dá)百人或百人以上，也可能少至三人。不管有多少學(xué)生，這當(dāng)中總有一個學(xué)生與眾不同，甚至是出類拔萃。不管教授的問題有多艱深，這種學(xué)生似乎都知道該如何作答。而且不管要求什么時候交功課，他都能按時交，而且不犯一點錯誤。

你當(dāng)然知道有這樣的學(xué)生，也許他會激起你心中的怨氣。

當(dāng)然了，能成為這樣的人會是一件非常美妙的事情，但是因為不是你本人表現(xiàn)得那么優(yōu)秀，你拿不出高分，也不能游刃有余地完成作業(yè)，于是怨氣越積越多。你也許會自問：“為什么我就不能像那家伙一樣呢？為什么我就成不了出類拔萃的人呢？” 那我現(xiàn)在就告訴你，你能成為那樣的人。

作為一個大學(xué)生，我對好學(xué)生和差學(xué)生所體現(xiàn)出的不同之處非常感興趣。

我并沒有坐著不動，也沒有嫉恨好學(xué)生，相反，我決定以此為己任去調(diào)查是什么神秘的原因讓他們表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異。

在訪談了很多優(yōu)秀學(xué)生及其教授后，我通過分析得出了幾條建議，任何人都可以采納這幾條建議來激發(fā)自己身上的優(yōu)秀潛質(zhì)，使自己更上一層樓。

第一條建議是：不要拖欠。

對于學(xué)習(xí)，開始動手就很難，但如果你想把三周的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)在一個周末就搞定，幾乎是不可能的。即使閱讀速度最快的人也難以完成。

再說了，如果該交的書面作業(yè)你拖欠了的話，就是老師后面收了也會扣你的分。或許他根本就不接受遲交的作業(yè)。

大多數(shù)老師都認(rèn)為，你應(yīng)該有合理的學(xué)習(xí)計劃，并且要認(rèn)真對待。不能處理好學(xué)習(xí)和時間問題的學(xué)生是難以有機(jī)會出頭的。

學(xué)習(xí)中的一個大問題就是如何應(yīng)付大量的學(xué)習(xí)資料；東西太多了，你簡直不知道何從下手。很多人可能想從最容易的做起，然而，這種想法是錯誤的。得考慮換種方式。

應(yīng)該總是從最困難的地方入手，先除掉攔路虎。也許這需要你投入更多的精力。

如果你開始就選擇從難的部分下手，你就會投入更多的精力。

如果任務(wù)個個都看起來一樣簡單（或困難），那就把最喜歡的留到最后做。

在十一點半的時候你會更愿意去閱讀那些聽起來都的確有趣的政治學(xué)文章，而不太情愿去學(xué)習(xí)法語不規(guī)則動詞，那任務(wù)讓人覺得十分枯燥，但又不能不做。完成困難的后再做有趣的會讓人覺得這是對自己的犒勞。這是第二條建議。

第三條建議跟考試有關(guān)。

盡管我們在學(xué)校里參加過千百次的考試，但我們卻很少停下來想想怎樣考好試。考試考得好的人并不是馬不停蹄做到底，見一個問題就答一個。首先，他們快速通讀試題。

接著，他們集中精力完成自己掌握得最好的部分，因為有自信，所以回答得也快。最后他們才處理有一定難度的問題。

對你來說，適應(yīng)這一套應(yīng)付考試的做法可能顯得怪異，但它確實會對你有好處。

這三條建議會讓你學(xué)業(yè)更加成功。

如果你問一下自己周圍表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異的同學(xué)，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的好點子。

要向他人學(xué)習(xí)，采用他們的方法來改善自己的學(xué)習(xí)狀況，這樣你肯定會提高自己的學(xué)業(yè)成績。過一段時間后，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)，你自己就是一個“與眾不同”的人。然后你也會注意到其他學(xué)生正妒忌你或者想方設(shè)法去發(fā)現(xiàn)你的秘訣。Unit9b 這個問題無處不在。從走廊到校園的每個角落到處都能聽到這個問題。每個人都在問這個問題。它是新的流行詞匯，新的搭訕語，比“你是什么星座的？”用得還多。不過我卻難以作答。我討厭這個問題。

我的專業(yè)尚未確定，就跟那些尚在腹中剛剛開始孕育的嬰兒一樣。而且，按照我的態(tài)勢，我只能等著流產(chǎn)了。看著可供選擇的專業(yè)目錄，我還是拿不定主意。我會因為猶豫不決而不得不退學(xué)嗎？

如果這個難題解決不了，我的生活會沒有了快樂嗎？

明天是確定專業(yè)的最后一天。最后一天哪！

其他每個人都在快樂地生活著，他們都選定了學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)，憧憬著未來。這個決定實在是重大之極，我仍然沒有取得大的進(jìn)展。“甭著急，”朋友們會說，“你總還可以學(xué)商業(yè)”。

商業(yè)？ 我不干。我是個藝術(shù)家。寧死也不學(xué)商業(yè)。

實際上，我甚至連大學(xué)都可以不上，只要出去闖世界就行了，我出眾的技藝和能力很快就會得到認(rèn)同。就在我命運(yùn)即將被決定的前夜，我父母設(shè)宴款待他們的兩個朋友。

終于可以歇口氣了！

難道我父母的朋友會關(guān)心專業(yè)什么的？

我可以心平氣和地吃飯，可以暫時擺脫這個問題休息幾小時了。不過我錯了，他們談的內(nèi)容都跟專業(yè)有關(guān)。

他倆都把自己的專業(yè)講給我聽，還對我該選什么專業(yè)發(fā)表意見。盡管如此，他們的建議根本不能讓我在選專業(yè)的道路上有任何進(jìn)展，而是讓我更加糊涂。

我們的客人似乎都不太適合他們所選的工作。

就說艾爾肯斯醫(yī)生吧，他宣稱自己是外科手術(shù)專家，可連切肉都成問題。而艾伯森先生雖然是個海軍飛行員，卻連飯都喂不到嘴里去。他老是把飯往地板上掉。

我無法想象他開戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)的技術(shù)會是什么樣子。

飯吃完了，客人也離開了，夜更深了，而我的專業(yè)還是處于“未定”狀態(tài)。

我把專業(yè)目錄拿出來，又開始一頁頁地翻看起可選的專業(yè)來，這都翻得有上百萬次了。計算機(jī)？ 學(xué)計算機(jī)的人已經(jīng)數(shù)不勝數(shù)了。漢語？

我倒是一直想去中國，但似乎我到中國也用不著學(xué)漢語專業(yè)，甚至也不需要流利地說漢語。機(jī)械？ 不。廣告？ 還是不行。真是沒指望了。

像其他大學(xué)生常常做的一樣，我決定只管睡上一陣子，只要早點醒來，我就能給這個巨難的問題找到答案。我也鬧不太清楚為什么大學(xué)生會認(rèn)為他們的大腦在凌晨兩點到六點之間會發(fā)生特殊的處理過程，讓他們一下子把事情都弄清楚。

這辦法過去對我是管用的，但這次卻失效了。

實際上，跟其他大學(xué)生也常常可能遇到的情形一樣，我睡過頭了，早上10點才醒過來, 錯過了第一堂課──英語文學(xué)概況。我還有三個小時來決定將來致力于哪個工作，或者做隨便什么事情。我總還可以學(xué)商業(yè)。

在沖向?qū)W校的時候，我路過了一家電影院，那里正在上映《一次不夠》。這部電影取材于杰奎琳·蘇珊的暢銷小說，大衛(wèi)·簡森主演。等等！電影，我喜歡電影！

我可以學(xué)習(xí)電影專業(yè)。不行，沒有電影這個專業(yè)。

“但有電影制作專業(yè)”，我想起來了。就是它了！

我曾經(jīng)迷茫，但現(xiàn)在我找回自我了。我有專業(yè)了！

十五年后，我想起了我那些朋友，他們當(dāng)時確定了專業(yè)，滿懷信心地開始自己的大學(xué)生涯。

想起那些到處問“你學(xué)什么專業(yè)？”的朋友們，現(xiàn)在他們中極少有人從事自己當(dāng)初所選專業(yè)方面的工作。我最后也沒有成為電影制作人。有時候我仍然感到自己專業(yè)“未定”。

只要你的大學(xué)生活是豐富多彩的，你學(xué)什么專業(yè)真的無關(guān)緊要。你要參加自己感興趣的活動，樂于了解這個世界。你有充足的時間來決定將來做什么工作。Unit10a 我祖父母認(rèn)為，一個人要么誠實，要么不誠實，兩者之間沒有折中可言。

在他們起居室的墻上掛著一句樸實無華的格言：“生活如新雪覆蓋的大地，走過之處必定留下足跡。” 他們沒有必要去用語言作出解釋, 因為他們用自己的生活方式印證了這一真理。

他們生來就認(rèn)為，所謂正直，就是有自己的道德界定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，既不貪財圖利，也不因所處的環(huán)境而妥協(xié)。正直是判斷自身行為的心靈標(biāo)尺。

遺憾的是，正直這一品格如今已不多見，而且越來越難尋覓了。

但它卻是社會各領(lǐng)域的真正基礎(chǔ)，也是我們必須要求自己遵循的一條原則。

檢驗這一價值觀的一個好辦法就是運(yùn)用本人所說的“正直三角原則”，即下列三大原則：

在面對個人壓力的時候要堅定自己的信念。

有這樣一個故事，講的是一位外科護(hù)士第一天到一家知名醫(yī)院的醫(yī)療小組協(xié)助手術(shù)的故事。她的責(zé)任是確保將手術(shù)中的每樣手術(shù)器械和手術(shù)材料都如數(shù)清點好。

這位護(hù)士對主刀醫(yī)生說：“您只拿出了11塊止血紗布，而我們一共用了12塊。我們必須找到最后那一塊紗布。”

“我全拿出來了，” 外科醫(yī)生肯定地對她說。“現(xiàn)在開始縫合刀口。”

“您不能這樣做，先生，”護(hù)士堅決反對，“我們應(yīng)該為病人著想。”

醫(yī)生露出了笑容，他抬起腳，讓護(hù)士看到了第12塊紗布。

“你在這家醫(yī)院或其他任何一家醫(yī)院都會干得很出色的。”他用肯定的語氣對她說。

所以，當(dāng)你確信自己是正確的，就決不能讓步。

總是給予別人他們應(yīng)得的表揚(yáng)。

不要害怕那些主意比你妙甚至比你聰明的人。

戴維·奧格爾維是奧美廣告公司的創(chuàng)始人，他送給新任命的各部門主管每人一個俄羅斯套娃，每個套娃從大到小依次有五個娃娃，以此來說明這個道理。

最小的那個娃娃里面裝著奧格爾維要告訴他們的話：“如果我們每個人都聘用比我們小的人，那么我們的公司就會變成一個矮子公司。但是如果我們每個人都聘用比我們大的人，那么奧美廣告公司就會變成一家巨人公司。”

而奧美廣告公司后來真的變成了巨人——國際上規(guī)模最大、名望最高的廣告公司之一。

要誠實坦白地表現(xiàn)真正的自我。

缺乏實實在在內(nèi)涵的人會去依靠外部因素——如長相或地位——來保持良好的自我感覺。他們必然會不擇手段地去維護(hù)自己的這種假面具，而不太會去努力提高自己的內(nèi)涵和素質(zhì)。

因此，要表現(xiàn)出真正的自我。

別去設(shè)法掩蓋生活中那些不盡人意的方面。

正如羅伯特·舒勒所說，“艱苦的時光終將過去，堅強(qiáng)的人必將苦盡甘來。” 換言之，要正視現(xiàn)實，要以成熟的心態(tài)去迎接生活的挑戰(zhàn)。

自尊和問心無愧是正直的兩個重要組成部分，也是加深你與他人關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)。

為人正直意味著去做你應(yīng)該做的事，因為那是對的，而不是因為合乎潮流或迎合了政治上的需要。在生活中如果能堅持原則，抵制住放松道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的種種誘惑，那你就會永遠(yuǎn)立于不敗之地。這樣，你在跨入21世紀(jì)的時候，就不必為自己過去的所做所為而抱憾。這就是我祖父祖母教給我的做人的道理。Unit10b 對一代又一代的學(xué)生來說，寫學(xué)期論文即使不是最可怕的作業(yè)，也至少一直是讓他們頭疼和沮喪的主要原因。

但是對于那些可以上網(wǎng)的人來說，借助幾次鏈接就可以竊取到相關(guān)的資料。

當(dāng)代學(xué)生若想抄襲學(xué)期論文，用不著費(fèi)勁去查找。

他只要找對網(wǎng)址，就可以在那兒購買、預(yù)定或免費(fèi)下載網(wǎng)上的論文。

例如在“大學(xué)關(guān)心網(wǎng)助研中心”就能辦到。

你想“寫”一篇關(guān)于“哈姆雷特所面臨的不可調(diào)和的道德困境”的論文嗎? 只要交上29.75美元，文章就歸你了。

對于那些覺得這還太貴的人來說，可以另覓他法。

“大學(xué)關(guān)心網(wǎng)”以每頁5.95美元的價格出售收錄在檔的現(xiàn)成論文，且“論文質(zhì)優(yōu)價低”。這樣，對于那些在乎價格的學(xué)生來說，買上幾頁就可大功告成了。

“論文精粹”是另一個學(xué)生援助網(wǎng)站，它提供“優(yōu)質(zhì)” 而“價廉”的學(xué)期論文。“讓您稱心、保您成功”，這是該網(wǎng)站向潛在客戶夸下的海口。

如果你實在太懶或?qū)嵲谔Γ瑳]時間寫學(xué)期論文，那么“論文精粹”時刻恭候著你。只要一次性交費(fèi)9.95美元，你就能在一整學(xué)期看到別人的論文。

有的網(wǎng)址，如“學(xué)期論文大賣場”和“絕對免費(fèi)：網(wǎng)上論文”免費(fèi)提供課程論文。也就是說，只要你找到了想要的文章，你只需按一下鍵，然后下載即可。

當(dāng)然，學(xué)生們對這些網(wǎng)上資源了如指掌，于是有人擔(dān)心，因特網(wǎng)一旦成為廣受歡迎的最佳學(xué)習(xí)工具，也可能會變成作弊的最佳輔助手段。

對于教師來說，他們面對的問題是要分辨學(xué)生是否是論文的真正作者。

不過，據(jù)簡·莫里森助教解釋，對于眼光敏銳的老師來說，這件事也許不太難。

“如果文章是來自因特網(wǎng)，學(xué)生會不敢正眼看我，他們會表現(xiàn)出不安，只是低頭看著自己的雙腳。而如果論文是自己一字一句寫出來的，這樣的學(xué)生能就自己的文章侃侃而談，而且敢正視我。”莫里森說。

抄襲學(xué)期論文并不是什么新鮮事，多年來人們一直在用盜來的知識財富做交易。但是因特網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)提出了這樣一個問題：這種新技術(shù)是否在使作弊變得更為普遍?

伯克利大學(xué)的一位高級管理人員對此表示懷疑。“對想要作弊的學(xué)生來說，不管技術(shù)水平如何，他都會作弊。認(rèn)為因特網(wǎng)這種新工具會提高作弊的發(fā)生率，我覺得這是一種偏激的觀點。”加里·漢德曼說。

這一觀點得到了伯克利大學(xué)一位名叫阿里亞尼·徹諾克的研究生的支持。他說，學(xué)生們最終還是要靠自己來判斷怎樣做對自己最有利。

“這是個關(guān)乎誠實與否的問題。我們來這兒是學(xué)知識的，所以我們應(yīng)該充分利用這個學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會。”

再則，有創(chuàng)造力的教師可以布置出學(xué)生無法作弊的作業(yè)來。

“如果你布置的作業(yè)新穎獨特，比如學(xué)生們必須根據(jù)給定的內(nèi)容寫一份講義、寫一個劇本，或用第一人稱寫一篇敘述文，那么你就能制止來路不正的作業(yè)。”圖書館媒體教師萊斯利·法默如是說。

有的專家說，這種策略將從根本上迫使學(xué)生去更多地學(xué)習(xí)，而不只是下載網(wǎng)上的資料。

第三篇：新視野大學(xué)英語第二學(xué)期作文題

第二學(xué)期作文題

3-6 Part VI.Writing(10分)

Direction: Write a composition on the topic “How to prepare ourselves well for a big earthquake?”.You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline below referring to the useful words and expressions.1.為了預(yù)防地震，我們應(yīng)該掌握哪些知識。（備用的東西，躲藏的地方，怎樣與外界聯(lián)系??）

2.地震發(fā)生后我們應(yīng)該怎么做。（如果在戶外，??；如果在家里，??；如果在開車，??）Useful words and expressions:

a survival kit, first aid kit, be clear about the safe as well as danger spots in your home, get your family reunited, overpasses and power lines, aftershocks, secondary disasters, landslide

3-7

Part VI.Writing(10分)

Direction: Write a composition on the topic “Bill Gates”.You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline below referring to the useful words and expressions.1.簡述蓋茨(chairman, CEO, businessman, Microsoft)

2.蓋茨成功的原因。(traits, Brilliance, competitiveness, workaholic)

3.他與眾不同的風(fēng)格：把握時間的技能，“多任務(wù)操作”能力。(skill, multitasks)

4.結(jié)束語。(modernize, change, impact, dominate, computing revolution)

3-9

Part VI.Writing(10分)

Direction: Write a composition on the topic “Premarital Agreements”.You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline below referring to the useful words and expressions.1.婚前協(xié)議的內(nèi)容一般是什么？簽婚前協(xié)議的主要原因是什么？（確定自己婚后的權(quán)力，如誰做家務(wù)活；以防離婚時產(chǎn)生經(jīng)濟(jì)糾紛，??）

2.一般來說，什么人需要婚前協(xié)議。（富人，再婚者，即將繼承巨額遺產(chǎn)或家庭產(chǎn)業(yè)者）

3.你對婚前協(xié)議的看法。

Useful words:

Financial, divorce, assets, inherit, remarry

期末題型：

1.聽力20’ 課外, 沒有聽寫，每題1’

2.閱讀15’（3篇）課外，每題1’

3.詞匯10’（10題），選自課后練習(xí)中的vocabulary部分前兩項，每題1’

4.詞匯選擇5’（15選10），選自課文, 每題0.5’

5.翻譯 10’（漢譯英2句，選自課后翻譯題； 英譯漢3句，課文中句子，都是翻譯半句）

6.作文10’，選自平時布置的作文題

第四篇：新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第二版第一冊答案

新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第二版第一冊練習(xí)答案

Unit 1答案

Translation VIII.1.Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply.2.She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless.3.Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot.4.Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need.5.He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children.She feels, however, that this is too much for her.6.Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.Unit 2答案

Translation:

VIII.1.As she was about to turn off the music, her father burst into he room and shouted at her, “Can’t you turn down the music a little bit?”

2.the owner of the bar kept watching the girl dancing while pretending not to.3.Rock music appealed to Sandy so much that she turned it up, paying no attention to her father’s objection.4.As usual, when his parents don’t like what he wears, they start bugging him.5.At the meeting they discussed how to keep the lines of communication open between teachers and students.6.It makes my blood boil to think of these young boys and girls who are forced by their parents to beg for money along the streets.Unit 3答案

Translation VIII.1.I have decided to accept the new post, even though the job is not very well paid.2.The job has been taken to be very simple until(it is)actually started.3.Now that you are planning to move to Canada, you must try to adjust to cold weather in winter.4.He promised to help us to buy the house, but with a little reluctance.5.This is an important meeting.Please see to it that you are not late for it.6.He is experienced businessman who has engaged in foreign trade for quite a few years.Unit 4答案

Translation

VII.1.she was so absorbed in reading the book that she was not conscious of someone coming in.2.He was late for almost an hour for the first meeting, leaving a bad impression on everyone.3.Consciously or unconsciously, we make up our minds about people through their eyes, faces, bodies, and attitudes.4.Professor Zhou was committed to the cause of language teaching all his life.5.Many how-to books advise you that if you want to make a good impression, the trick is to be consistently you, at your best.6.The media sometimes sends mixed messages, but most people believe what they see over what they hear

Unit 5答案

Translation

VIII.1.I hope that the effort that we’ve made will be of some use to the battle against AIDS.2.Despite all the efforts form the local organizations in the battle against AIDS, the number of people in rural areas diagnosed with AIDS has been increasing.3.Please turn off the TV, because the noise will distract her from her homework.4.It was a long time before the company implemented the program to improve the quality of its goods because of lack of money and necessary equipment.5.You’d better learn something about the course before signing up for it.6.The policy is playing a more and more important role in promoting the development of local economy.Unit 6答案

VIII.1.The police got to the station five minutes after the explosion, and so did the reporters.2.Even if you disagree with her, she is worth listening to.3.The news reporters were given nothing but bare facts by the officials in charge of the investigation.4.The room was well decorated, but the color of the curtain did not go well with the overall style.5.Whenever we go back to the place where my husband was born, we always make the rounds of his relatives.6.Contrary to his hope, his girlfriend’s parents are not as approachable as his parents

Unit 7答案

Translation IX.1.The police had the photograph of the missing girl enlarged so that they could recognize her easily.2.When I go to work, I prefer to take a bus rather than drive and that morning was no exception.3.When he saw his granddaughter coming into the house(Seeing his granddaughter coming into the house), the old man got to his feet and moved several steps unexpectedly as if he could walk by himself.4.At that time we focused our attention on that painting without noticing anything unusual around us, and we can’t offer any additional details.5.The couple pulled their car into the parking lot and then headed for the cinema.6.It’s a question we have to face no matter how unpleasant it is.作文

Unit 1答案

XII.I am proud to say that I succeeded in learning a foreign language.It was a real challenge and, needless to say, it took a lot of practice.I carried a small dictionary with me everywhere I went as well as a notebook in which I listed new words I came across.I also managed my time carefully so that I met the standards of the course and finished assignments on time.After years of persistence, I reaped the benefits of all my hard work.Unit 2答案

XII.The first thing you should do t make tea is to boil water.While waiting for it to boil, you can get your teapot out and put the right amount of tea leaves into it.When the water has come to boil, pour it into the teapot.Then wait for a few minutes to let the leaves steep.Next? Enjoy the tea.Unit 3答案

All of my classmates believe that Sandy has a good taste for music.The music she listens to always has a clear, strong rhythm and the music has a message for us to think about.Also, the words in the music are just like poems, so beautiful and easy for us to remember.Unit 4答案

Body language is important in many cases: trying to win an election, addressing a family party, talking business at a conference, or giving a seminar at school.Reading Skills I.1.Besides speech, people use other forms to communicate.2.We communicate a great deal with our body movements.3.The clothes you wear also communicate many things.4.Small ornaments you wear communicate many things, too.5.A wealth of information from body language makes snap judgments seem sound.Comprehension of the Text

Unit 5答案

XII.Build more tall apartment buildings.The increase in population in cities is creating a housing problem.To solve the problem, one-family houses and older ones are being pulled down to make room for tall apartment buildings.When building space on the ground is used up, we can make use of the space in the air.This will help solve the housing problem in cities.Unit 6答案

XII.People come to Beijing for different purposes.Thousands upon thousands of foreign students are studying different subjects at universities in Beijing.Every year a large number of foreign businessmen from all pats of the world visit Beijing, for various kinds of business talks or international conferences.In addition travelers both at home and abroad come to Beijing for visiting places of historic interest during their holidays or visiting their friends and relatives in Beijing.Unit 7答案

XII.Analysis: The set of actions leading to the main idea: got up to his feet, found the keys, entered his house and called 911 the operator took a des cription and sent a police car had a drink, the policemen came and took a report Main idea: He reported the robbery to the police.Structured Writing XIII.I climbed the ladder, heard my dive announced, and started the moves to thrust myself into the air.Then I dove into the pool.I enjoyed the quietness underwater, and then swam to the side of the pool.I was wondering about my score when suddenly, my coach leaped into the air.The crowd cheered, and I knew I’d won the gold medal

第五篇：新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫2答案

新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第二版第二冊課后練習(xí)答案 unit 1 Section A: Vocabulary III.1.charge 2.convention 3.efficient 4.obtain 5.competent 6.asessing 7.fulfill 8.conducting 9.consequently 10.significance IV.1.behind 2.at 3.in 4.out 5.to 6.to 7.in 8.with 9.but 10.for V.1.L 2.C 3.D 4.N 5.O 6.A 7.E 8.G 9.I 10.K Word Building VI.1.commitment 2.attraction 3.appointment 4.impression 5.civilization 6.composition 7.confusion 8.congratulation 9.consideration 10.explanation 11.acquisition 12.depression VII.1.advisable 2.disirable 3.favorable 4.considerable 5.remarkable 6.preferable 7.drinkable 8.acceptable Sentence Structure VIII.1.much less can he write English articles 2.much less can he manage a big company 3.much less could he carry it upstairs 4.much less have I spoken to him 5.much less to read a lot outside of it IX.1.Having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars, whereas eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive.2.We thought she was rather proud,whereas in fact she was just very shy.3.We have never done anything for them, whereas they have done so much for us.4.Natalie prefers to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately.5.Some praise him highly,whereas others put him down severely.Translation X.1.She wouldn't take a drink, much less could she stay for dinner.2.He thought I was lying to him,whereas I was telling the truth.3.How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week? 4.The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.5.Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.6.We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.XI.1.我認(rèn)為他不會搶劫,更不用說暴力搶劫了.2.男工平均工資每小時10美元,而女工才每小時7美元.3.自然界的平衡一旦遭到破壞,就會帶來很多不可預(yù)知的影響.4.期終考試迫在眉睫,你最好多花點時間看書.5.有趣的是,消費(fèi)者發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越難以辨別某些品牌的原產(chǎn)國.其部分原因來自于全球化帶來的影響,部分原因是由于產(chǎn)地的變化.6.最近一次調(diào)查表明,婦女占總勞動力的40%.Cloze XII.1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.C 11.D 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.A Section B Comprehension of the Text II.1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B Vocabulary III.1.utilize 2.reject 3.considerable 4.temporary 5.acceptable 6.recognition 7.alleviate 8.appreciate 9.furthermore 10.interact IV.1.interact with 2.gone through 3.deal with 4.recovered with 5.adjusting to 6.familiar to 7.In spite of 8.were tired of 9.prevented from 10.came to unit2 Section A Vocabulary III.1.promosing 2.amusing 3.lowered 4.persisted 5.rank 6.swear 7.unfair 8.presence 9.frowning 10.approximately IV.1.on 2.upon 3.on 4.in 5.by 6.to 7.in 8.of 9.on 10.out V.1.O 2.K 3.D 4.H 5.J 6.E 7.M 8.G 9.B 10.A Word Building VI.1.observeskier: one who skis 3.visitlearner:one who learns something 5.reportdrinker:one who often drinks alcohol,esp.too much VII.1.tropical 2.musical 3.occasional 4.environmental 5.global 6.dangerous 7.natural 8.central Sentence structure VIII.1.They didn't lose heart despite of lots of frustration.2.Despite the heavy rain,the boys played football in the yard all afternoon.3.I will try my best despite the slim chances of success.4.Despite a thorough search for the escaped prisoner in the mountain,no sign of him was found.5.Despite their increased income,their life became poorer because of the rising prices.IX.1.nor do I think it necessary to do so 2.nor would they go to my sister's 3.nor do we have her telephone number 4.nor would I like to go to work immediately 5.nor would I Translation X.1.Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents.2.Mike didn't come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation.3.The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer.4.He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins to loses.5.The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence.6.This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience.XI.1.盡管那項計劃一開始就證明是不切實際的,但是他們還是堅持要實施.2.我無法說服他接受這項計劃,也無法使他認(rèn)識到這項計劃的重要性.3.你是怎么把那么多東西塞進(jìn)這個小行李箱的? 4.別人對他怎么看,他全不在意.5.我能否指出你犯了個小錯誤.6.他母親讓他開車慢一點兒,但是他從不把她的話放在心上.Cloze XII.1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.D Section B Reading skills I.1.D 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B Comprehension of the Text II.1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B Vocabulary III.1.sake 2.sacrificed 3.crack 4.pursuing 5.explosive 6.overcome 7.indicated 8.opponents 9.stripped 10.denied IV.1.Natasha made herself stand out in the group interview by acting as the leader in her group.2.To be successful,you need a careful plan,good luck,help at the right time,and above all,hard work.3.They are not doing this to gain recognition or money;they are doing this for the sake of society.4.It was actually what he said rather than what he did that made me sad.5.Once my mother sets her mind on something,it will be very hard to stop her.6.Years of research had set the stage for their success in their field.7.Local people are used to the phenomenon,so they are not surprised at all.8.Today at this meeting we are going to focus on the question of air pollution.9.He never expected that his best friend would charge him with cheating in the exam.10.His parents were so strict with him in his studies that he had little time to participate in any activities outside of class.unit3 Section A Vocabulary III.1.mutual 2.illusion 3.canceled 4.overlooked 5.proceeded 6.resolve 7.prejudice 8.compromise 9.confirm 10.subsequently IV.1.having nothing to do with 2.taking care of 3.met with 4.on the surface 5.work out 6.incompatible with 7.ups and downs 8.learned of 9.indication of 10.all along V.1.M 2.L 3.F 4.D 5.H 6.O 7.A 8.C 9.I 10.K Word Building VI.1.shopping 2.feeling 3.storage 4.cooking 5.ending 6.beginning 7.gathering 8.removal 9.arrival 10.passage 11.writing 12.marriage VII.1.relationship 2.citizenship 3.leadership 4.membership 5.boyhood 6.livelihood 7.brotherhood 8.authorship 9.adulthood 10.neighborhood 11.wisdom 12.ownership Sentence structure VIII.1.It is never too bad for us to do something about the situation.2.One is never too old to learn.3.It is never too late for you to put a stop to this madness.4.It is never too late for you to mend your ways.5.His income was never too small to support his family.IX.1.My best friend,Anna,was here last night.2.The company manager,Mr.Madison,gathered his staff and announced the decision.3.You should have seen an ophthalmologist, an eye doctor.4.He sent for the accountant,the most experienced person in accounting.5.“Leave it to me,” said David,the man on night duty.Translation X.1.You are never too experienced to learn new techniques.2.There remains one problem,namely,who should be sent to head the research there.3.Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences.4.Though he has had ups and downs,I believed all along that he would succeed someday.5.I have some reservations about the truth of your claim.6.She isn't particularly tall,but her slim figure gives an illusion of height.XI.1.應(yīng)盡早告知年輕人:必須認(rèn)真對待法律.2.他現(xiàn)在面臨一個重要決定,這個決定可能會影響他的整個前程.3.即使在情況最糟糕的時候,你也必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜和信心.4.人際關(guān)系的成功與否與雙方相處是否融洽以及交流是否順暢有很大關(guān)系.5.他受到襲擊,身受重傷,隨后不治而亡.6.他的舉止至少在表面上像個正常人。Cloze XII.1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.D 11.B 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.D Section B Reading skills I.1.F 2.F 3.O 4.F 5.O 6.O 7.O 8.F 9.O 10.F Comprehension of the Text II.1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D Vocabulary III.1.arrange 2.criticism 3.innocent 4.criticizing 5.miserable 6.modest 7.compelled 8.somehow 9.anticipate 10.birlliant IV.1.on 2.from...to 3.off 4.with 5.away 6.about 7.over 8.On 9.Concerning 10.to

unit4

Section A: Vocabulary III.1.forbid 2.identical 3.objectino 4.warmth 5.volunteers 6.overseas 7.declined 8.resisted 9.fancy 10.decrease/decline IV.1.without fail 2.volunteer for 3.as long as 4.right away 5.more than thankful...for 7.wrote back 8.forbidden from 9.vanished into 10.was free to V.1.O 2.J 3.G 4.H 5.L 6.A 7.E 8.B 9.C 10.N Word Building VI.1.sadness 2.weakness 3.carelessness 4.illness 5.darkness 6.kindness 7.laziness 8.nervousness VII.1.noisy 2.wealthy 3.sunny 4.lucky 5.tasty 6.healthy 7.angry 8.icy Sentence structure VIII.1.It is necessary for the manager to finish the whole task before leaving for a holiday.2.It is a shame to take so much money for doing so little.6.am 3.It is our responsibility to help people around us who are in trouble.4.It is a surprise for us all to realize he has been cheating us.5.It is pleasant fro the mother to see her daughter growing into a young lady.IX.1.as long as she got her father's agreement 2.As long as you set a goal for yourself 3.As long as she covers all the expenses herself 4.as long as she does her job well 5.As long as you never lose heart Translation X.1.It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar.2.It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice.3.You must let me have the money back without fail by ten o'clock tomorrow morning.4.Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it.5.Everyone knows that he is special:He is free to come and go as he pleases.6.Watching the unhappy look on her face,I felt as though she wishes to say something to me.XI.1.現(xiàn)如今,僅僅受過中等教育的人要想找份好工作越來越難了。2.留得青山在,不怕沒柴燒.3.如果你對所購物品不滿意,我們將很樂意退款.4.我們對這塊偉大的美麗的土地心懷感激之情,多年來它迎接了眾多的人來這里的海灘游覽.5.讓老師吃驚的是,沒人自愿當(dāng)班長.6.那條狗忠心耿耿地繼續(xù)在火車站等待主人,直到兩年后死去.Cloze XII.1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.C Section B: Reading skills I.1.I am almost dead.2.I am moving across the landscape.3.I have achieved a modest amount of prosperity.4.A friend convinces me to go on a blind date with a lady friend of his.5.Roma gets a faraway look in her eyes.Comprehension of the Text II.1.D 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.A Vocabulary III.1.insurance 2.descended 3.precision 4.trace 5.stain 6.specify 7.accustomed 8.embraced 9.knelt 10.prosperity IV.1.The Rockefeller family achieved a hugh amount of prosperity in the oil business.2.What all workers have in common is expecting better working conditions.3.You don't know what his feelings will be,as they change from day to day.4.This is generally a warm place,but we do get freezing weather on occasion.5.Every year at Christmas drunk driving takes its toll on the joyful atmosphere.6.Many people still cling to the hope that one day there will be place between the two countries.7.He was so angry that he lost control.8.The climate in Alaska is a far cry from that of Florida.9.How on earth did she manage to pass the test? 10.His career as a teacher came to an end when he broke his leg,but he continued to write textbooks for students.unit 5 Section A: Vocabulary III.1.hardened 2.shelter 3.slim 4.weaken 5.Literally 6.noticeable 7.bunch 8.drag 9.grateful 10.hooked IV.1.leaned on 2.close at hand 3.die of 4.are starved of 5.coupled with 6.is directed...at 7.are...dressed in 8.grateful to 9.struggling to 10.a bunch of V.1.J 2.G 3.K 4.M 5.E 6.0 7.D 8.H 9.A 10.C Word Building VI.1.Under the pleasant situation the property prices are just beginning to harden again.2.In the past few years,these inside conflicts have weakened the government's position.3.Every Sunday the father takes his child to libraries,museums,exhibitions or natural parks,as he believes that this helps to broaden the child's mind.4.The days are lengthening as summer approaches.5.As she was waiting for the result to come out,her excitement heightened.6.The taking on of a new secretary lightened his workload considerably.7.As he listened to his assistant reporting on the progress of the project,the manager's face darkened with anger.8.Before night fell,the setting sun reddened the clouds.VII.1.arrival 2.expectations 3.understandable 4.Visitors 5.freedom 6.profitable 7.lucky 8.gathering Sentence structure VIII.1.John went to the cinema with his brother,which surprised me.2.The boy broke the window,for which he was criticized by the teacher.3.He tore up my photo,by which I was angered very much.4.It was raining hard,for which the team stayed indoors.5.Connie changed her mind for the second time,which came as no surprise to us.IX.1.The teacher spoke so quietly that the students could hardly hear her.2.The lecture was so boring that many listeners fell asleep.3.The student has so many books that he does not know what to do with them.4.The old man was so ill that his neighbors had to send for a doctor.5.Her remarks are so funny that everyone laughs to tears.Translation X.1.He spoke confidently,which impressed me most.2.My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys.3.I'm very grateful to you for all the help you have given me.4.The bad light,coupled with the wet ground,made driving very difficult.5.Being starved of funds,they had to cancel their plan to start a business.6.They always lean on us whenever they are in trouble.XI.1.飛機(jī)可能會晚點幾個小時,要是那樣，我們等著就沒有什么意義了.2.喬治常常說謊,因此當(dāng)他說他考試得了高分時沒人相信他.3.初了附近位于十字路口的那家小工廠,一切都靜悄悄的.4.缺少睡眠的人會感到很難集中心思干活.5.我安排人去機(jī)場接克拉克先生,然后帶他去賓館.6.一到達(dá)山頂,游客們都高興地大叫起來.Cloze XII.1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.B 11.D 12.A 13.A 14.D 15.C Section B: Reading skills I.1.giving them many material possessions 2.change continually and frequently 3.a sudden,uncontrollable feeling of regret 4.makes(the parent-child relationship)go wrong;taking(some of the happiness and mutual respect)away from(parents and their children)5.start a new course of improved behavior Comprehension of the Text II.1.A 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C Vocabulary III.1.assigned 2.compensate 3.prompt 4.manner 5.tendency 6.undermined 7.submit 8.inferred 9.fluctuates 10.responded IV.1.Jean wrote the speaker's address down in her notebook for fear that she might forget it.2.Passengers must show their tickets on demand.3.Officials are bound to investigate any possible corruption.4.I took it for granted that you would come with us,so I bought you a ticket.5.She has been selfish all the time,but she has promised to turn over a new leaf and become more loving toward others.6.People in this region have pined for a peaceful life since the religiou war broke out three decades ago.7.Poor health had made it difficult for Jim to hold down a job for more than a year.8.Betty gets very depressed at times because of the pressure of her work.9.The boys at my school used to make fun of me because I have a flat nose.10.Jenny kept begging me for a new bicycle, and I finally gave in.Unit 6 Vocabulary III.1.confessed 2.reserve 3.professional 4.impressive 5.latter 6.convey 7.qualify 8.refined 9.substitute 10.approval IV.1.Correct from: fill out;synonym: fill in 2.Correct from: feel comfortable with;synonym: feel comfortable about 3.Correct from: attach first importance to;translation: 非常重視；把……放在第一位 4.Correct from: turned down;synonym: rejected;refused 5.Correct from: came(up)to;definition: moved toward 6.Correct from: pressing me for;definition: try in a determined way to get something.7.Correct from: free from/of;definition: not influenced by 8.Correct from: stuck with;translation: 不得不接待；被迫接待

9.Correct from: for better or worse;definition: whether the result is good or bad 10.Correct from: took charge of;synonym: took responsibility for V.1.M 2.K 3.L 4.F 5.I 6.C 7.H 8.O 9.E 10.B Word Building VI.illegal impolite irregular impatient incapable irresponsible inconsistent inappropriate incorrect indefinite 1.impatient 2.irresponsible 3.inconsistent 4.illegal 5.inappropriate 6.incapable 7.irregular 8.impolite 9.incorrect 10.indefinite VII.unnoticeable unreasonable ungrateful unlimited uncertain uncover unrecognizable unfashionable undo untidy unfold unload 1.unreasonable 2.unfolded 3.uncertain 4.uncovered 5.ungrateful 6.unloading 7.unlimited 8.undid Sentence structure VIII.1.so is air to man 2.so is the eagle of all birds 3.so is beer to the British 4.so is tea to the Chinese 5.so do the English love their beer IX.1.While waiting at the doctor’s, I read an entire short story.2.After using the brush, put it in its proper place.3.Before being in the army, he was an engineer.4.I deliberately didn’t read the book before going to see the film.5.When buying a new car, it is best to seek expert advice.Translation X.1.(Just)as a machine needs regular running, so does the body need regular exercise.2.He learned to play the piano while studying in the United States.3.To our disappointment, he turned down our invitation.4.The reality is that, for better or worse, the world has changed with advance of new technologies.5.Most of the female students in my class appear to be ill at ease when(they are)required to answer questions.6.The local government took charge of the security for the sports meeting.XI.1.足球之于意大利人，就像乒乓球之于中國人。

2.教師沒急著要班里同學(xué)現(xiàn)在作決定，而是要他們仔細(xì)考慮后再下決心。

3.我不知道那是什么飲料，我喝了那么多；結(jié)果那些小伙子只能送我回家，因為我有點醉了。

4.在中國北方，三月份往往多風(fēng)。

5.盡管如此，政府已經(jīng)同意總支出增加6.2%。

6.信息被定義為通過陳述事實向大腦傳達(dá)的知識，它可以有多種形式。Cloze XII.1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.C 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.A 15.A Section B Comprehension of the Text II.1.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.T 7.T 8.F Vocabulary III.1.tidy 2.prevail 3.emotional 4.imitating 5.discourage 6.bargain 7.wander 8.superficial 9.concealed 10.accompanies IV.1.tuened out 2.is not really up to 3.went to great lengths 4.acting out 5.spoke of 6.Judging by 7.out of character 8.took sides 9.blow his cover 10.more or less