第一篇：商務英語1試題

I．選詞填空本題共有10個英語句子，每個句子都可以用一個單詞來表示，根據句子含義從A------J中選出最佳答案。

A.shift

B.salary

C.review

D.overalls

E.regulations

F.overtime

G.leave

H.line manager I.breakJ.provide 1.work clothes that people wear to keep their own clothes clean

（）2.rules people have to follow（）3.a period of work which starts when another one finishes（）4.money a person receives for work

（）5.the person you are directly responsible to（）6.holiday from work

（）7.to look at something again in order to change it

（）8.to give somebody something he/she needs

（）9.extra hours a person works

（）10．Time to have a rest and possibly something to eat or drink.（）

II．閱讀理解閱讀下篇文章，根據文章內容判斷10個英語句子。正確用T表示，錯誤用F表示，文章未提及用NM表示。

Business in a free enterprise system depends on factors both in the economy and within individual companies.The most important of these factors include(1)productive resources,(2)profits, and(3)competition.Productive resources enable business firms to produce goods and provide services.They include natural resources — land and raw materials, such as minerals, water, and sunlight;capital — a company’s factories, supplies, and equipment, and its money to buy these things;labor — the work of a company’s employees;and technology — a firm’s scientific and business research and inventions.The productive resources of a business are also known as inputs.The kind and quantity of inputs depend on the goods and services, called outputs that are produced.For example, such service businesses as hotels and telephone companies need the work of many employees.Many farms require large areas of land.Most manufacturing companies must have large amounts of capital for the purchase of machinery and raw materials.Profits are the earnings of a firm after all expenses have been paid.These expenses include The goal of nearly all business firms is to earn a maximum profit.Most business policies the cost of productive resources in the form of wages, rent, and interest.are based on this profit motive.Sales provide the income for most firms, and executives try to increase their company’s profit by boosting the sale of outputs to consumers.Executives also try to run their companies efficiently.Efficient employees and equipment help to lower production costs — and thus increase profits — by getting the job done with as little waste of both energy and time as possible.Competition among business firms affects the price and quality of goods and services.Firms must maintain reasonable prices and standards to attract and keep customers.People are not likely to buy from a company if they are dissatisfied with its product, or if they can purchase the product for less money elsewhere.Firms compete for sales by using such techniques as advertising and by offering special discounts or bonuses.Certain types of businesses have few or no competitors.Most of these businesses provide essential services to the public.For example, many public utility companies have a legal monopoly in their fields.In providing such services as electricity and water, one company may be able to operate more efficiently than several competing firms.Other enterprises, such as airports and railroads, are too expensive for several companies to operate in

the same area.In these types of businesses, government regulation replaces competition in setting prices and establishing standards of quality.Write ‘T’ for true, ‘F’ for false or ‘NM’ for not mentioned.1.Business in a free enterprise system depends on many factors, among which the most important ones include productive resources, profits and competition.（）2.Productive resources involve natural resources, a company’s factories, employers, employees and technology.（）3.By using the word ‘capital’, we refer to a company’s factories, supplies, equipment and its（）4.Business in a free enterprise system has more freedom and independence in comparison with other kinds of enterprise system.()（）money to buy these things besides labor and technology.5.The kind and quantity of outputs rely on the products and services, called inputs.6.Profits are the savings of a firm before all expenses have been paid.()（）8.Efficient employees and equipment are of particular importance in lowering production costs and in getting the job done with as little waste of both time and energy as possible.（）9.Advertising and offering special discounts or bonuses are the techniques used by companies to compete for sales.（）10.When offering such services as electricity, clothes, food and water, a monopoly can（）

IV.英漢互譯

1.The corporationis a creative and innovative group.It aims to impress its customers with its high quality and long-lasting products.2.I recommend the 1st restaurant, because it offers a variety of good soups.But the atmosphere is usually noisy and sometimes it is full of people.3.產品通過廣告（例如：電視廣告、收音機廣告、報紙廣告以及廣告牌），包裝（例如：設計、標簽、材料），產品宣傳，公關以及個人推銷等途徑介紹給顧客。

4.我的工作職務有時既是公共關系專家又是前臺經理。我是顧客到公司最先見到的員工之一，必須對他們友好相待，提供幫助，使其對公司產生好感。

7.Most business policies are made on the basis of the motive to earn a maximum profit.probably operate more efficiently than several competing firms.V.改錯每行中有一個錯誤，請找出并修改正確 British farmers are troubled by straw.They produce more than

1.ten millions tons every year as a byproduct of farming and

2.their animals need only four million tons for bedding and fooding.3.Since European air-pollution laws forbid people to burnt straw，4.the extra straw is plowed under or leave to rot.Scientists have

5.now found a way to put the straw to good using by changing aneat-loving bacterium in the straw.1.2.3.4.5.

第二篇：商務英語試題

1． What do you think globalization means? What global companies can you think of? What industries are they in? Do global companies do more harm than good? In my opinion,globalization means a company set up subsidaries in the other countries and make them into local companies.Also setting up new companies means the transferring of technology and capital.When offering to global companies ,we may easy to think of P&G,KFC,AIRBUS,NOKIA and so on.these companies are in different industries,some in instant food industries,some in heavy industries,some in aviation industries.It may different to say absolutely global companies do more harm or do more good.It obviously that global companies give us much cheaper ang higher quality products which make us enjoy a more comfortable life.Also global companies introduced more advanced technology and management skills.But on the other hand,with the strong competition,some national companies is eliminating and our national cuture is also dispearing with the step of globalization.2． Are you influenced by brands when you choose products or services?(Why or why not?)Would you consider buying a new brand of product newly introduced to the market?(Why or why not?)What do you think a company should do to create brand awareness for a new brand? I think whether I influenced by the brands depend on different kinds of things.When I choose something I use everyday such as shampoo,I will firstly take brands into consideration.Because I think shampoo is a kind of chemical product,some small companies may add put some unhealthy addition ,which may have a bad influence on my health.But when I choose cloths ,I think style and quality are important than brands.Generally I don’t want to have a try to a new brand of product,because I think it is not worthy for me to try a product with un certainty.But if there are some discount or free-trying,I’d like to have a try.For a company who want to create brand awareness,I have some suggestions.Firstly it’s necessary to make a product rocognisale.Secondly,the company should associate with specific quality with his brand.thirdly,forming a customer loyalty is impotant for a company.3． How often do you travel by air, rail, underground, road and sea? What do you enjoy about traveling? What don’t you enjoy? To be honest,t have never traveled by air and sea.when I go to school or go back home , I will travel by train.Almost I will traveled by

train four times a year.But when I go out for a short trip.I will travel by bus.when I travel to different place ,I am enjoying the scenes in differert place,I will be happy when I learn different culture from different cities.Also ,during the journey we can communicated with different people and gain some friends.But there are some unhappy things such as the crowed train,the traffic jam or some abusive person.We may lost our way to in strange cities.4． What’s important when choose household appliance? ? Brand name ? Technology

When I choose house hold appliance ,I will take several factors into consideration such as brand name ,price ,sevices,and technology and so on.firstly,I will select several famous brands for me to make choice.the reason why I choose famous brands because usually famous brands stands for good quality and better sevices.besidea that price worth for money is also important,with the same quality ,I will choose the product with a lower price.as we all known that household applicance is a kind of durable product.we’ll use it for a long time ,so the sevice is important too.good sevice is a guarantee for our products.last but not least, a product with advanced technology may means more time it can be used and much safer,more electricity-saving.5． Which of the following statements do you agree with? Why? ? People remember advertisements not products.? Advertising raises prices.? Advertising has a bad influence on children.I think people sometimes remember advertisements but not the product.usuarally if a advertisement is too attractive ,the people who watch it may pay more attention to the advertisement rather than the product.but usually,people will remember the product also because there is a high frequency of broadcasting advertisement.actually advertusing will arise the price of product,as we all know,advertising is very expensive,so the advertising increase the tolly cost of the product ,so the product will be sold at a higher price.but on the other hand ,advertising reduce the seeking cost of customers,customers can easily to fing out what they are want tobuy and avoid buying a wrong product,so it is difficult to say advertising raises prices absolutely.I think there may be bad influence on children,because some companies in order to promote their sales,they may add some unhealthy factors to advertisement to draw children’s attention.so this may had bad influence on children.6． What is dress code? How important is personal appearance at work? For example? Think about formal clothing, uniforms, men with earrings and tattoos, etc.Dress cold is how you dress in certain place.For example if you work in the police-office ,you need to wear uniform.But if you work is designing something you need to wear casually as you want.I think the personal appearance have great relation to the work.If you work as a accountant ,your personal appearance should be neat and tidy.We usually see some barber with earring in order to show that they are fashion.But if a policeman withearrings we may think that he shuoldn’t be a good policeman.It will be amussing that a barber dressed in a uniform.That may also have bad influence on their job.7． Is free trade always a good thing? Do you think it leads to the creation of jobs, or to unemployment? Should certain industries be protected? If so, which? As everything in the world have two sides,free trade is not the exception.On one hand free trade may make our product import more easily,meanwhile,the product from the other countries will import to our country more easily.if the product we produced have a competitive advantages ,free trade may leads to creation of jobs.But if we don’t have advantages ,our factories may go to bankrupt, and a lot of people will out of work.In my opinion some indutries

such as energy industries

and

military

industries should be protected.Because these industries is the economic lifeline of our country.In order to get a good economy order ,we should protect these industries.8． What is important when advertising a product? ? Target markets ? Choice of media To be a succeseful advertisement ,here are some important factors.The purpose of the advertaisement is promoting sales.To find the right target market is very important,only fing the potential customer can the advertisement be effective.choosing the right media is may help you convey the information of the product effectively to the potential customers.For example ,KFC also make advertisement on bus TV or bus stop.But some daylily-comsumption product may advertise on TV.Tirldly,the content of the advertisement is also important.Nowadays with thedevelopment of advertisement,there are so many different advertisement on TV or some other media,the attractive content is a guanrantee for draw enough attention from the custums.The factors mentioned above are both important for a

good advertisement.9． A colleague in a company which tests medical equipment has been making bad mistakes recently at work.This is because she has a serious illness.You are her friend and the only person at work who knows this.She has asked you to keep it a secret.What should you do? Before i make decision,I should get some information about the miatake and the bad influence of this mistake.If the mistake have a serious influence on my colleague’s work.I will have a talk with my friend and tell her or him that the lose.I will advise him or her to tell the leader the truth,and I will help him to explain the situation.but if he insist that he would not tell the truth I will not keep the secret.I will make a explaination to my company in order to help the company to make a right decision.Though I don’t keep the secret and maybe my friend will be angury with me ,I still i do the what i should do.10． What is your opinion of the following strange inventions: ? The self-extinguishing cigarette has a container of water buried near the filter tip.? A collapsible coffin which can be carried on the bus.The self-extinguishing cigarette is a very interesting invention.I think this invention may help those people who have always forget to extinguish the cigarrete extinguish the cigarette.Maybe this invention will reduce the chance of fire.But I think this kind of cigarrete may cost too much to make and use.With this reason I think this kind of

cigarrette

may not sell very well.A collapsible coffin is easy to carry.But I think if we use this kind of coffin for my dead relations ,the passengers on the bus may feel very uncomfortale.meanwhile I think this kind of coffin also show unrespect to my relations.SO i think I would not like to use it at all.11． What are the methods of communication to staff in most companies? Is it important to let your manager know your ideas about work?(Why?)Do you think people can be trained to communicate more efficiently?(How?)In companies ,people often use telephone ,MSN and e-mails to communicate about work.People also use telephone to communiate how to do the work.They use e-mails

to repot to leader

what work they have finished.It is important to let my manager know your ideas about work.Because through communicate the work ideas ,my manager will get further understangding with me ,which may give me a hand on my work.I think people can be trained to communicate more efficiently.For example they use the same format to send and reback e-mails.If there is a meeting people should give suggesttion in turn and should not interrupt other ‘s talking.12． Do you think cultures are becoming more alike? Is this a good or bad thing? For example, think about : a.improved communications;b.global business;c.cheap foreign travel;d.trading groups(EU, ASEAN, etc.)In my opinion , cultures are becoming more alike nowadays.With the development of technology and information, Cultural Exchange is become more common these days.With the cutrual exchange , some cutures has absorbed some of the advantages of other cultures.I think Cultural assimilation is a trend of the development of cutures.I think that cultural assimilation is a good thing.Because it is adapted to the needs of the community.Under the similar background of cultures, communication will become more easy, which is the driving force for social progress.global business also will develop very quickly.13． Discuss these statements.Do you agree with them? Give your reasons.1.‘Small is beautiful’ is a better strategy in business than ‘big is best’

2.Big companies should aim to gain market share rather than make profits.3.Companies should focus on what they do best rather than diversify.I think it is difficult to say absolutely small or big is good in business.In my opinion , The size of the company must adapt to the development of itsself.I agree with the idea that Big companies should aim to gain market share rather than make profits.Large companies have a strong production capacity.Only more market share can match to the production capacity.also large companies have Economies of scale,so big companies have a lower cost of product.I agree that Companies should focus on what they do best rather than diversify.F ocusing on what they do best will help the company get the competitive advantages such as Adequate funding and advanced technology.4.14． What makes a great leader？ Make a list of characteristics.Are there differences between men and women as leaders? Are people who were leaders at school more likely to be leaders later in life? I think a good leader should be open and decisinve and Charismatic.An open leader could communicate with people at all levels in order to get

enough information to make deisions.also it is very important for a leader with the ability of selecting information,so decisive is also important.I think actually there not much big differences between men and women as leaders.Because we know that good leaders also have some characteristics in common.There maybe some slingtly difference between men and women as leaders such as the manners they use when do the work.I think people who were leaders at school more likely to be leaders later in life.Because we know that leaders at school may get some ability to be a leader ,which nay help them to become a good leader in the future.15． What’s important when evaluating the success of teamwork? ? Mutual trust

In my opinion , Mutual trust Full cooperation and adquate communiation are

important when evaluating the success of teamwork.Firstly Mutual trust is the basement of the team.With Mutual trust Members may focus on their own work Efficiently.secondly ,cooperation is crucial to a team ‘s success.With th e help of each other ‘s the work will be more easy to do.And there will be many different ideas among different member,which may help the leader to board his horizion.thidly adquate communicate will help menber know each other very well.with the adquate communicate with each other ,something difficult will be more easy to solute.

第三篇：商務英語試題

1.Give the Following Trade Abbreviations Full Names, and Then

Translate into Chinese.(10×2=20)CIF

ETA

L/C

B/L

D/A

T/T

FOB

CFR

D/P

G.W 2.Translate the Following Words and Expressions from Chinese to English.(10×1=10)(1)樣品

(2)中性包裝

(3)裝運通知

(4)收貨人

(5)實盤

(6)平安險

(7)保險商

(8)清潔提單

(9)報價單

(10)虛盤

3.Decide on Whether the Following Statements are True or False.Circle “T” for True and “F” for False.（10×2=20）

(1)T F Order refers to an oral or written request to supply a specified quantity of goods.(2)T FDirective marks are eye-catching figures and concise instructions concerning manner of proper handling, storing, loading and unloading of the packed goods.(3)T F Not binding on the offerer, a soft offer is unclear, incomplete and with reservations.(4)T F As for FOB or CFR terms, the buyer should arrange the insurance and bear the covering expenses.(5)T F In international trade, when no amicable settlement can be made between the buyer and the seller, the disputes may be referred to a tribunal of their own choice.This method of settling disputes is called arbitration.(6)T F In foreign trade, there are three main modes of payment: Remittance, Collection and Letter of credit.(7)T F Safe, reliable and convenient inner packing and creative, elegant and attractive outer packing are what he must strive for.(8)T F Letter of credit is a kind of commercial credit instead of bank credit like remittance or collection.(9)T F In international trade, as far as the seller’s benefit is concerned, L/C is better than D/P.whereas D/A is better than D/P.(10)T F In most movements of goods, three parties are involved: the consignor，the consignee and the carrier.1.Give the Following Trade Abbreviations Full Names, and Then Translate Into Chinese.(10×2=20)Cost, Insurance and Freight 到岸價格Estimated Time of Arrival 預計到達時間 Letter of Credit 信用證，Bill of Lading

提單

Document Against Acceptance 承兌交單Telegraphic Transfer 電匯

Free on Board 離岸價

Cost and Freight 成本加運費 Document Against Payment 付款交單

Gross Weight 毛重

2.Translate the Following Words and Expressions from Chinese to English.(10×1=10)(1)sample

(2)neutral packing(3)shipping advice

(4)consignor

(5)firm offer

(6)free from particular average(7)underwriter

(8)clear bill of lading(9)quotation

(10)soft offer 3.Decide on whether the following statements are true or false.Circle “T” for True and “F” for False.（10×2=20）

T T T T T, T F F F T 1． Give the Following Trade Abbreviations Full Names, and Then Translate into Chinese.(10×2=20)FOB

CIF

L/C

B/L

D/P

T/T

ETA

S.S

PO

N.W 2.Translate the Following Words and Expressions from Chinese to English.(10×1=10)(1)分銷商

(2)傭金

(3)運輸代理

(4)保險費

(5)報價單

(6)實盤

(7)名片

(8)商業發票

(9)規格

(10)收貨人

3.Decide on Whether the Following Statements are True or False.Circle “T” for True and “F” for False.（10×2=20）

(1)T F Order refers to an oral or written request to supply a specified quantity of goods.(2)T F firm offer provides a period of validity.It remains valid until the validity ends.(3)T F Safe, reliable and convenient inner packing and creative, elegant and attractive outer packing are what he must strive for.(4)T F Letter of credit is a kind of commercial credit instead of bank credit like remittance or collection.(5)T F In international trade, when no amicable settlement can be made between the buyer and the seller, the disputes may be referred to a tribunal of their own choice.This method of settling disputes is called arbitration.(6)T F In international trade, as far as the seller’s benefit is concerned, L/C

is better than D/P.whereas D/A is better than D/P.(7)T F In most movements of goods, three parties are involved: the consignor, the consignee and the carrier.(8)T F Only when the transactions are rather small and the finance involved is small too can remittance be accepted.(9)T F Directive marks are obvious symbols or words to warn people against the hidden danger of inflammables, explosives and poisonous products.(10)T F Neutral packing makes it possible for exporters to get around high customs duties or unreasonable import quota of the importing countries.2.Give the Following Trade Abbreviations Full Names, and Then Translate Into Chinese.(10×2=20)Free on Board 離岸價

Cost, Insurance and Freight 到岸價格 Letter of Credit 信用證

Bill of Lading 提單

Document Against payment 承兌交單Telegraphic Transfer電匯 Estimated Time of Arrival 預計到達時間

Steamship 貨輪

Purchase Order 采購單

Net Weight凈重

2.Translate the Following Words and Expressions from Chinese to English.(10×1=10)(1)distributor

(2)commission(3)forwarder

(4)premium

(5)quotation

(6)firm offer

(7)business card

(8)commercial invoice

(9)specification

(10)consignee 3.Decide on whether the following statements are true or false.Circle “T” for True and “F” for False.（10×2=20）

T T T F T，F T T F F 2． Give the Following Trade Abbreviations Full Names, and Then Translate into Chinese.(10×2=20)FOB

CIF

L/C

B/L

PO

N.W G.W

S.S T/T

ETA 2.Translate the Following Words and Expressions from Chinese to English.(10×1=10)(1)虛盤

(2)中性包裝

(3)裝運通知

(4)承運人

(5)銷售確認書

(6)一切險

(7)最終用戶

(8)清潔提單

(9)報價單

(10)規格

3.Decide on Whether the Following Statements are True or False.Circle “T” for True and “F” for False.（10×2=20）

(1)T F A general inquiry means the buyer asks for general information he needs.(2)T F Collection is a kind of commercial credit instead of bank credit.(3)T F Warning marks are eye-catching figures and concise instructions concerning manner of proper handling, storing, loading and unloading of the packed goods.(4)T F Documentary Collection can be divided into two groups: D/A and D/P.D/A is always at sight.(5)T F The People’s Insurance Company of China provides three basic types: FPA, WPA and All Risks.(6)T F When the buyer sends the seller an order for some goods, he also

sends him a confirmation of purchase in duplicate to be countersigned, with one copy to be returned for file.(7)T F Safe, reliable and convenient inner packing and creative, elegant and attractive outer packing are what he must strive for.(8)T F In international trade, when no amicable settlement can be made between the buyer and the seller, the disputes may be referred to a tribunal of their own choice.This method of settling disputes is called arbitration(9)T F Not binding on the offerer, a soft offer is unclear, incomplete and with reservations.(10)T F In customary practice, the exporter should send a shipping advice to the importer as soon as the shipment is made, so that the

importer may insure the shipment against risks for CIF and CFR transactions.3.Give the Following Trade Abbreviations Full Names, and Then Translate Into Chinese.(10×2=20)Free on Board 離岸價，Cost, Insurance and Freight 到岸價格, Letter of Credit 信用證，Bill of Lading

提單 Purchasing Order 采購單

Net Weight凈重 Gross Weight毛重

Steamship 貨輪

Telegraphic Transfer電匯

Estimated Time of Arrival 預計到達時間

2.Translate the Following Words and Expressions from Chinese to English.(10×1=10)

(1)soft offer

(2)neutral packing

(3)shipping advice

(4)carrier

(5)sales confirmation

(6)all risks

(7)end-user

(8)clean bill of lading

(9)quotation sheet

(10)specification 3.Decide on whether the following statements are true or false.Circle “T” for True and “F” for False.（10×2=20）

T T T F T, T T T T F

第四篇：商務英語試題

全國2009年10月自學考試國際貿易實務

（一）試題

一、單項選擇題(本大題共24小題，每小題1分，共24分)在每小題列出的四個備選項中只有一個是符合題目要求的，請將其代碼填寫在題后的括號內。錯選、多選或未選均無分。1.《2000年通則》將國際貿易中使用的貿易術語歸納為()A.11條 B.12條

C.13條

D.15條

D.裝運船上

D.買賣雙方共同承擔

D.不一定

D.DES 術語 2.在采用FOB交貨時，買賣雙方風險的轉移是在()A.工廠 B.碼頭

C.裝運港船舷

3.采用CFR變形（CFR Landed）成交時，卸貨費由()A.買方承擔 B.賣方承擔

C.船方承擔

4.采用DAF貿易術語成交時，出口報關的責任、費用由()A.買方承擔 B.賣方承擔

C.共同承擔

5.賣方想要承擔最低的合同義務時，最好采用()A.EXW 術語 B.FCA 術語

C.CIF 術語

B.全部包裝和局部包裝 6.商品按照包裝質地的不同，可以分為()A.軟性包裝、半硬性包裝和硬性包裝 C.運輸包裝和銷售包裝

D.紙制、金屬、木制、塑料和玻璃制品包裝等

7.在班輪運費的基本運費計收標準中，若按貨物的毛重計收，則在運價表內()A.用字母“W”表示 B.用字母“M”表示 C.用字母“AV”表示

D.用字母“W/M”表示

8.速遣費是指負責裝卸貨物的一方，在約定的裝卸時間內提前完成裝卸任務，則可以()A.從買方取得獎金 B.從賣方取得獎金 C.從船方取得獎金

D.從保險公司取得獎金

9.提單按收貨人的抬頭進行分類，可以分為()A.記名提單、不記名提單與指示提單 C.直達提單、轉船提單與聯運提單 10.全損可以分為實際全損與()A.推定全損 B.共同海損

B.清潔提單與不清潔提單 D.已裝船提單和備運提單

C.理論全損

D.表面全損

11.中國某企業出口紡織品，其出口總成本為520000元人民幣，出口后外匯凈收入為86000美元，假如外匯牌價為100美元折合人民幣690元，則該企業的出口盈虧率為()A.12.3％ B.14.1％

C.15.8％

C.受款人

D.簽票人 D.19.6％

12.匯票的使用中，受票人又稱()A.出票人 B.付款人

13.由一人向另一個人簽發的，保證于見票時或定期或在可以確定的將來時間，對某人或其指定人或持票人支付一定金額的無條件的書面承諾是()A.本票 B.支票

C.匯票

D.現金支票

14.受益人要求原證的通知行或其他銀行以原證為基礎，另開一張內容相識的新信用證稱為()A.循環信用證 B.保兌信用證 C.對開信用證

D.轉開信用證

15.磋商交易的接受環節，關于接受生效的時間各國法律有不同的規定，其中英美法采用的是()A.“投郵生效”原則 B.“到達生效”原則 C.“合同生效”原則

D.“發盤生效”原則

16.在信用證項下的制單結匯中，議付行要求“單、證表面嚴格相符”，但假如在單、證不符情況下，議付行先向國外開證行拍發電報或電傳，列明單、證不符點，待開證行復電同意后再將單據寄出的做法稱為()A.“表提” B.“電提” C.“跟單托收”

D.“憑保議付”

D.解除合同

17.縱觀各國法律，下列哪項不是違約的基本救濟方法？()．．A.實際履行 B.損害賠償

C.暫停合同

18.供貨商可在同一時間、同一地區內，委派幾家商號經銷同類商品的做法稱為()A.包銷 B.定銷

C.區域經銷

D.階段經銷

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19.寄售人與代銷人之間是()A.委托與托受關系

D.一般經銷關系 B.買賣關系 C.包銷代理關系

20.“投機商人預計未來價格將出現上漲時，先買進期貨合同，等價格上漲后再賣出對沖，從中獲利”的投機行為稱為()A.出頭 B.多頭

C.進頭

D.即期付款交單 D.空頭

21.對賣方而言，以下最好的支付方式是()A.信用證 B.承兌交單 C.遠期付款交單

22.我國企業某商品對外商報價為不含傭金CIF價為每公噸2300美元，后外商要求報CIFC5％的價格，如果要保證我國企業的凈收入保持不變，則對外改報的含傭金價格為()A.2396.5美元 B.2421.1美元 C.2594.8美元

D.2831.7美元

D.20％ 23.根據一般慣例，違約金數額應不超過貨物總金額的()A.3％ B.5％

C.10％

B.獨立承擔銷售費用 24.寄售情況下，代銷人()A.與寄售人各承擔銷售費用的50％ C.不承擔任何銷售費用

D.與寄售人共同協商各自承擔的比例

二、多項選擇題(本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分)在每小題列出的五個備選項中至少有兩個是符合題目要求的，請將其代碼填寫在題后的括號內。錯選、多選、少選或未選均無分。

25.FCA適用的運輸方式有()

A.公路 B.鐵路 C.河、海 D.航空運輸 E.多式聯運 26.運輸包裝上的標志，按其用途可以分為()

A.運輸標記 B.原產地標 C.銷售商標記 D.指示性標記 E.警告性標記 27.在國際貿易中，從事商品檢驗的機構多種多樣，歸納起來，主要有()

A.官方機構 B.私人開設的檢驗機構 C.行業協會開設的檢驗機構 D.生產制造廠商 E.用貨單位或買方 28.進出口結付匯單據中的發票主要有()A.商業發票 B.海關發票

C.領事發票 D.廠商發票 E.形式發票

29.開展展賣業務時應注意()A.選擇適當的展賣商品B.選擇好合作的客戶C.盡量拉長展出的時間D.選擇合適的展出地點E.選擇適當的展賣時機

三、名詞解釋(本大題共4小題，每小題4分，共16分)30.多式聯運單據 31.不可抗力 32.押匯 33.投標

四、簡答題(本大題共3小題，每小題6分，共18分)34.選用貿易術語時應考慮的因素主要有哪些？35.簡述影響外貿進出口成交價格的因素。36.簡述履行進口合同的主要環節。

五、計算題(本大題共2小題，每小題6分，共12分)37.國內某出口企業出口羊毛60公噸，羊毛的公定回潮率為14％，其實際回潮率由實際貨物進行抽樣檢測，假設實際抽取1千克樣品，用科學方法去掉其中水分，最后可以凈剩0.9千克的干羊毛，請計算該批羊毛的公量。(結果請保留兩位小數)38.某國內企業與外商簽訂了某套機械設備的買賣合同，商定貨物的初步價款為350萬美元，雙方同意按某物價指數和工資指數予以調整。約定原材料在價格中的比重為60％，工資在價格中的比重為20％,管理費與利潤在價格中的比重為20％，并以簽訂合同時的物價指數為100，當交貨時原材料物價指數上升至120，工資指數上升至115，假設雙方按約定調整價款，則該合同的最終成交價應該為多少？

六、案例分析題（本大題共2小題，每小題10分，共20分）

39.我國某企業緊急出口一批服裝到迪拜，共計300公噸，對方企業也已經開好信用證，信用證上要求該批貨物不允許分批裝運。但由于我方企業生產能力有限，不能及時提供300公噸的服裝，因此，我方企業按對方企業的要求，在國內組織了其他同類貨源，并于青島、上海和寧波三個港口各裝運了100公噸的貨物在同一航次的同一條船上，同時在提單注明了不同的裝運地和不同的裝運日期。鑒于該種情形，我方企業是否違約？銀行最終能否議付？

40.中國A公司向澳大利亞B公司發盤，銷售某商品一批，除列明其它一些必要的交易條件外，發盤表明，以即期信用證付款，收到信用證后2個月交貨。B商在發盤有效期內回電，稱接受發盤，同時要求立即裝運。但A公司未做答復。隨即B商開來即期信用證，并注明“立即裝運”。當時該貨物的國際市場價格大幅上漲，A公司拒絕交貨，并立即退回信用證。試分析A公司的做法是否合理？雙方之間是否存在合同關系？

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2009年10月全國自考國際貿易實務

（一）試卷答案

一 選擇

1-5 CCBBA 6-10 AACAA 11-15 BBADA 16-20 BCBAB 21-24 ABBC 二 多選 ABCDE 2 ADE 3 ABCDE 4 ABCDE 5 ABDE 三 名稱解釋

多式聯運單據：是指證明多式聯運合同以及證明多式聯運經營人接管貨物并負責按合同條款交付貨物的單據，它由多式聯運經營人簽發，這種單據應依發貨人的選擇，或為可轉讓的單據，或為不可轉讓的單據。不可抗力：是指買賣合同簽訂后，不是由于合同當事人的過失或疏忽，而是由于發生了合同當事人無法預見、無法預防、無法避免和無法控制的事件，以致不能履行或不能如期履行合同，發生意外事故的一方可以免除履行合同的責任或推遲履行合同。

押匯：又稱買單結匯，即指議付行在審單無誤情況下，按信用證條款貼現受益人的匯票或者以一定的折扣買入信用證下的貨運單據，從票面金額中扣除從議付日到估計收到票款之日的利息，將余款按議付日外匯牌價折成人民幣，撥給出口企業。4投標：是指投標人應招標人的邀請，按照招標的要求與條件，在規定的時間內向招標人遞價，爭取中標的行為。

四 簡答題(1)考慮運輸條件(2)考慮貨源情況(3)考慮運費因素(4)考慮運輸途中的風險(5)考慮辦理進出口貨物結關手續的難易。2(1)商品的質量和檔次；(2)運輸距離；(3)交貨地點和交貨條件；(4)季節性需要的變化；(5)成交數量；(6)支付條件和匯率變動的風險；(7)國際市場的價格的走勢；(8)其他

3(1)開立信用證；(2)派船接運貨物；(3)投保貨運險；(4)審單和付匯；(5)報關、納稅；(6)驗收和撥交貨物。

五 計算題 實際回潮率＝(1-0.9)／0.9＝11.1％ 公量=商品凈重×［(1+公定回潮率)／(1+實際回潮率)］ =60×(1+14％)／(1+11.1％)=61.57 公噸

按題意可知P0=350 萬，A=20％，B=60％，C=20％，M=120，M0=100，W=115，W0=100(2分)則最終價格 P=P0(A+BM／M0+CW／W0)(2 分)=350(20％+60％×120／100+20％×115／100)=350(0.2+0.72+0.23)=402.5 萬美元

六 案例分析題 這不構成違約，銀行能議付。由于分批裝運是指一筆成交的貨物分若干批次裝運。但一筆成交的貨物，在不同時間和地點分別裝在同一航次、同一條船上，即使分別簽發了若干不同內容的提單，也不能按分批裝運論處，因為該筆成交的貨物是同時到達目的地的。因而，我方企業的做法符合合同的規定，不屬于分批裝運，同時，銀行也不能拒絕議付。A 公司的做法合理，雙方不存在合同關系。(3 分)根據《聯合國國際貨物銷售合同公約》的規定，對發盤進行實質性變更的答復為還盤；(3 分)B 商的答復改變了發盤的交貨時間，不是接受，是還盤，因此合同不成立。(2 分)A 拒絕交貨，并退回信用證的做法無可指責。

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全國2010年10月自學考試國際商務談判試題

一、單項選擇題（本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）

在每小題列出的四個備選項中只有一個是符合題目要求的，請將其代碼填寫在題后的括號內。錯選、多選或未選均無分。1.談判人員具備了“T”形知識結構，這表明談判人員是()A.技術專家 B.商務專家 C.全能型專家 D.法律專家

2.先報有較大虛頭的價格，然后適時壓低價格。這種報價術被稱為()A.西歐式報價術 B.日本式報價術 C.北美式報價術 D.阿拉伯式報價術 3.講究節儉，反對浪費，把浪費看成是“罪惡”的是()A.中國人 B.德國人 C.韓國人 D.意大利人

4.隨時準備為達成協議而讓步，希望通過談判簽訂一個皆大歡喜的協議。這種談判被稱為()A.軟式談判 B.硬式談判 C.原則型談判 D.價值型談判 5.一個談判小組組長最佳的領導效益為()A.3～4人 B.3～5人 C.3～6人 D.3～7人

6.如果是1個小時的談判，精力量旺盛的階段只有最初的()A.3～5分鐘 B.4～6分鐘 C.5～8分鐘 D.6～9分鐘 7.談判中，強調“一時多用”的是()A.瑞士人 B.中東人 C.德國人 D.北美人 8.下列選項中，不屬于合同風險的是()．．．A.交貨風險 B.質量風險 C.數量風險 D.會計風險

9.與阿拉伯商人接觸時不能贈送酒類禮品，因為飲酒在阿拉伯國家是被嚴格禁止的。這突出反映的是商務談判影響因素中的()A.政治狀況因素 B.法律制度因素 C.商業習慣因素 D.社會習俗因素 10.在買賣做成之后，會舉行一個長時間的宴會，請對方洗蒸氣浴的是()A.中國人 B.日本人 C.韓國人 D.芬蘭人

11.“按照貴方要求，我們的觀點不是已經闡述清楚了嗎?”這種商務談判的發問類型屬于()A.借助式發問 B.探索式發問 C.強調式發問 D.澄清式發問 12.下列選項中，不屬于應對利率風險的技術手段是()．．．A.利用遠期交易 B.利用平衡法 C.利用期權交易 D.利用利率期貨市場 13.在商務談判中貫徹“有理、有利、有節”的方針。這體現的是商務談判的()A.平等互利原則 B.靈活機動原則 C.友好協商原則 D.依法辦事原則 14.國際商務談判策略制定的第四步是()A.尋找關鍵問題 B.確定具體目標 C.形成假設性方法 D.形成具體談判策略 15.下列各項中，不屬于善言靈巧的談判對手的性格特征是()．．．A.樂于交際 B.容易激動 C.善于表達 D.處世機靈 16.眉毛上聳，表示此人處于()A.憤怒狀態 B.困窘狀態 C.戒備狀態 D.驚喜狀態 17.商務談判中必須要實現的目標被稱為()A.最低目標 B.實際需求目標 C.可接受目標 D.最優期望目標

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18.在執行合同過程中雙方對合同條款理解不同而導致的僵局被稱為()A.初期僵局 B.執行期僵局 C.協議期僵局 D.中期僵局

19.“貴方某先生的問題提得很好，我曾經在某一份資料上看過有關這一問題的記載，就記憶所及，大概是??”。這種答復談判對手的技巧是()A.以問代答 B.避正答偏 C.答非所問 D.推卸責任

20.貨物運輸途中，貨主要面臨船沉貨毀的風險。這種風險按性質來分屬于()A.純風險 B.投機風險 C.匯率風險 D.市場風險

二、多項選擇題（本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）

在每小題列出的五個備選項中至少有兩個是符合題目要求的，請將其代碼填寫在題后的括號內。錯選、多選、少選或未選均無分。

21.國際商務談判中的個體心理特征主要表現為()A.個性 B.情緒 C.態度 D.印象 E.知覺 22.國際商務談判的基本程序一般包括()A.準備階段 B.開局階段 C.正式談判階段 D.僵局階段 E.簽約階段 23.國際商務談判中的匯率風險主要有()A.交易結算風險 B.外匯買賣風險 C.會計風險 D.利率風險 E.價格風險 24.在商務談判中，迂回人題的方法包括()A.從自謙入題 B.從題外話入題 C.從天氣狀況入題 D.從介紹己方談判人員入題 E.從介紹己方經營狀況入題 25.以下有關猶太商人談判風格的說法正確的有()A.善變 B.友好而坦誠 C.交易條件比較苛刻 D.關系網廣泛而且堅固 E.注重小團體和個人利益

三、名詞解釋題（本大題共4小題，每小題3分，共12分）26.訴訟 27.戲劇式模擬 28.遞盤 29.迂回法

四、簡答題(本大題共5小題，每小題6分，共30分)30.國際商務談判的特殊性有哪些? 31.簡述國際商務談判中宗教信仰因素的影響。

32.在談判的開局階段如何交換意見？ 33.簡述商務談判中阻止對方進攻的策略。34.簡述商務談判中提問時應注意的問題。

五、論述題（本大題共2小題，每小題8分，共16分）

35.聯系實際說明日本商人的談判風格。36.試述規避國際商務談判風險的措施與手段。

六、案例分析題(本大題共1小題，12分)37.背景材料

誰也沒有料到，1964年《中國畫報》的一張封面竟成為泄密照。照片中，大慶油田的“鐵人”王進喜頭戴大狗皮帽，身穿厚棉襖，頂著鵝毛大雪，握著鉆機手柄眺望遠方，在他身后散布著星星點點的高大井架。日本情報專家據此解開了大慶油田之謎。他們根據照片上王進喜的衣著判斷，大慶油田位于齊齊哈爾與哈爾濱之間；通過照片中王進喜所握手柄的架式，推斷出油井的直徑；從王進喜所站的鉆井與背后油田間的距離和井架密度，推斷出油田的大致儲量和產量。有了如此多的準確情報，日本人迅速設計出適合大慶油田開采用的石油設備。當我國政府向世界各國征求開采大慶油田的設計方案時，日本人一舉中標。

問題：(1)上述案例對你開展商務談判有何啟示?(2)你認為在開展商務談判前主要應收集哪些信息?(3)如何對收集到的信息進行處理?

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全國2011年4月自學考試外貿英語寫作試題

Part One: Questions 1-20 Directions: There are 20 sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.（在下列各題中選擇一個最佳答案填空。）20% 1.Selling appliances and ______ them keep him busy.A.to repair B.repaired C.repairing D.repair 2.Customers are very angry ______ the delay of the ordered goods.A.with B.at C.to D.from 3.The television set that I ordered two months ago arrived today badly ______.A.breaking B.broke C.damaging D.damaged 4.The foreign partner did not fulfill our order, ______.A.so did it intend to B.nor did it intend to C.nor it intended to D.so it intended to 5.______ it is wise to invest in the new project is being discussed.A.Whether B.If C.Weather D.What 6.We regret ______ you that our research department will no longer provide services.A.informed B.inform C.to inform D.informing 7.A resolution on employee representation is ______ for a vote tomorrow afternoon.A.presented B.to present C.presenting D.to be presented 8.In socialist and capitalist economies ______, increasing numbers of highly qualified workers are unable to find jobs that require their skills and training.A.alike B.like C.likely D.liking 9.The turnover of the company in the second quarter was ______ that of the corresponding period last year.A.the same as B.as much than C.more as D.the same with 10.It is not advisable that one ______ beyond one’s means.A.lived B.is living C.lives D.live 11.______, the more likely you may come to a right solution.A.You more thoroughly consider a problem B.Most thoroughly a problem you consider C.The most thoroughly you consider a problem D.The more thoroughly you consider a problem 12.Doctors recommend that everyone exercise every day, particularly those who spend many hours ______ sedentary work.A.to do B.doing C.do D.done 13.If Mr.Li ______ Managing Director, the company would have been collapsed.A.would be B.were C.is D.had been 14.We have till now ______ as many as 30 anti-dumping suits against foreign exporters.A.aroused B.rose C.raised D.risen 15.______ you mentioned in your letter in connection with the question of agency has had our attention.A.What B.That C.When D.Which 16.We wish to know the port ______ the transhipment will be made.A.which B.at that C.where D.when 17.The company is making a market investigation in order to obtain ______ as possible.A.as many information B.as many informations C.as much information D.as much informations 18.______ generalists, business also needs specialists.A.Beside B.Besides C.Except D.Except for 19.The computer will ______ in this department.A.remain permanently B.remain permanent C.remind permanently D.remind permanent 20.The engine of your car needs ______.A.to clean B.clean C.cleaning D.cleaned Part Two: Questions 21-30 There is one mistake in each of the following questions.Detect and correct the mistakes.Write your corrections together with the mistakes on the answer sheet.（下列每句各有一個錯誤，找出錯誤并改正。請將錯誤及改正寫在答題紙上。）20% Example: Who’s taking care the dog while you’re away?

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taking care → taking care of 21.Countries that neglect an education will be severely restrained in economic development.22.The shelfs of merchandise are so arranged as to attract housewives.23.No one made more profit in that transaction than him.24.The machine is cost-effective because it has higher productivity, greater versatility and easier to use.25.Office stationery may be very expensive depend on the quality of paper and printing prices.26.The home-made machine is superior than the imported one in many aspects.27.Our trading partner is very tough in the negotiation that it is unlikely to reach an agreement soon.28.Despite there are ten managers, only the Managing Director has the decision-making power.29.It is well know that Chinese table-cloths are exquisitely made and moderately priced.30.Which articles are more marketable in those countries are important to us.Part Three: Questions 31-40 Write logical sentences with the words and phrases given.(用所給的詞和短語寫出符合邏輯的句子。)10% 31.and to boost / products of / it is important / marketing promotions / high quality / both to maintain 32.by a product / from its manufacturer / any person / is injured / may recover damages / who 33.our correspondence / paper shortage / forced us / has / to limit 34.met / sales territories / to discuss / the distribution of / the regional managers 35.for 110% of / to be covered / against All Risks / insurance is / by the seller / the invoice value 36.that we / concession in price / it has been / any further / cannot make / made clear 37.that most workers / financial rewards / it was / offering / were in favor of / an incentive scheme 38.you understand / to leave the company / my position / although / I am sure / I am reluctant 39.is omitted / in the communication / if / misunderstanding / an important detail / may occur 40.in a job / for further studies too / wants to / but she / Karen is interested / go abroad Part Four: Questions 41-50 Each of the following sentences contains one punctuation error.One punctuation in each is either missing or misused.Detect the error and write the missing punctuation or your correction together with the word before the punctuation on the answer sheet.（下面每句都有一個標點符號錯誤，該用標點處未用標點或標點符號用錯。改正錯誤或補寫標點，并將其與前面的一個單詞一起填寫在答題紙上。）10% Example: A.What a nice present you gave me.me!B.You think you are right don’t you? right, 41.A ten day leave was granted to Mr.Selmer.42.This work order must be completed by Friday;therefore you may have to work late Thursday.43.The ability to communicate is essential, the ability to communicate on the job is critical.44.I don’t know where Mr.Lacey is?

45.Friday, July 1;Friday, July 8;and Friday, July 15, are all possible dates for conducting the balloting.46.Radio Times carries details of all B.B.C.TV and radio programmes.47.Our usual terms of payment are by letter of credit available by sight draft。48.What do you know about the specifications of the trip scissors.49.These womens’ garments are newly designed and quite in style.50.Stallions yield the highest prices;but mares can also be extremely expensive.Part Five: Memo Writing Write a memo in about 50 words.(寫一份50個單詞左右的備忘錄。)15% 51.You are Jim White, the president of the company.You’ve just received a letter from AB Company praising a clerk, Sun Green, for his good work.The sales manager of AB Company Mr.William said Sun Green is efficient and friendly and he enjoys doing business with Sun.Write a memo to Sun Green to congratulate him and thank him for working hard, and invite him to lunch next week.Part Six: Letter Writing Write a letter in 130-150 words.（寫一封字數為130-150的信函。）25% 52.假設你是某公司的總經理，出訪美國即將回國。向接待你的公司代表史密斯先生寫一封感謝信，主要內容如下： 1）對貴公司訪問即將結束，很快就要返回中國。2）感謝對方在你逗留期間給予的熱情款待。

3）訪問富有成效，并將有利于今后在貿易方面的合作。4）盼望在不久后有幸在中國歡迎對方，以便進一步發展關系。5）祝愿對方身體健康，工作成功。

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第五篇：商務英語試題及答案2014春-

2014 春

1． What do you think globalization means? What global companies can you think of? What industries are they in? Do global companies do more harm than good?

In my opinion,globalization means a company set up subsidiaries in the other countries and make them into local companies.And setting up new companies means the transferring of technology and capital.When referring to global companies ,we may easy to think of P&G,KFC,AIRBUS,NOKIA and so on.These companies are in different industries,some in instant food industries,some in heavy industries,some in aviation industries.It may difficult to say absolutely global companies do more harm or do more good.It obviously that global companies give us much cheaper and higher quality products which make us enjoy a more comfortable life.Also global companies introduced more advanced technology and management skills.But on the other hand,with the strong competition,some national companies is eliminating and our national culture is also disappear with the step of globalization.2． Are you influenced by brands when you choose products or services?(Why or why not?)Would you consider buying a new brand of product newly introduced to the market?(Why or why not?)What do you think a company should do to create brand awareness for a new brand? I think whether I influenced by the brands depend on different kinds of things.When I choose something I use everyday such as shampoo,I will firstly take brands into consideration.Because I think shampoo is a kind of chemical product,some small companies may put some unhealthy addition ,which may have a bad influence on my health.But when I choose cloths ,I think style and quality are important than brands.Generally I don’t want to have a try to a new brand of product,because I think it is not worthy for me to try a product with uncertainty.But if there are some discount or free-trying,I’d like to have a try.For a company which wants to create brand awareness,I have some suggestions.Firstly it’s necessary to make a product recognise.Secondly,the company should associate with specific quality with his brand.Thirdly,forming a customer loyalty is important for a company.3． What is important when arranging a business trip abroad? ? Type of transport ? Accommodation ? Contact person

I think when arranging a business trip abroad there are three things to consider.First, you must choose the type of transport.As overseas travels involve long distances, the plane is the best choice for reaching your destination rapidly.Secondly, you should also consider what accommodation best suits your purposes.Choosing a hotel with all modern conveniences and communication facilities will help you accomplish your tasks much better.Lastly, you should have a contact person who has important local connections and up-to-date local business information.4． Do you think that the advertising practices described below are acceptable? Why? ? Using children in advertisements ? Using film stars in advertisements ? Promoting alcohol on TV ? Comparing your products to your competitors’ products 孩子：When the children's minds are not fully mature, parents are keen to cultivate children's talent ,practicing courage to help them grow better.But sometimes the situation is that kids do not necessarily very keen on this, some children may not have extraordinary talent.And also in the growth process, the psychological gap can not be avoided.名人：弊端Celebrity endorsement ads make compelling product.Celebrity endorsement advertising can deepen people's perception of the brand.Increase sales by star.好處:Star negative information affects the consumers for the product choice;celebrity endorsements make false advertising for fame and wealth;Celebrity endorsements misled consumers, make consumers los when choosing goods.電視宣傳酒精：On behalf of the Chinese splendid culture.Chinese wine has a long history of wine as a special drink which witnessed the rise and fall of a dynasty.Moderate amounts of wine is beneficial to the health of the body, but drinking too much can lead to serious consequences, such as drunk driving.產品比較：Product comparison can highlight the advantages of its own products, but may be caused in the process of comparing the generation of infringement.5． Which of the following statements do you agree with? Why? ? People remember advertisements not products.? Advertising raises prices.? Advertising has a bad influence on children.I think people sometimes remember advertisements but not the product usually if a advertisement is too attractive ,The people who think it may pay more attention to the advertisement rather than the product.But usually,people will also remember the product because there is a high frequency of broadcasting advertisement.Actually advertising will arise the price of product.As we all know,advertising is very expensive,so the advertising increases the cost of the product ,and the product will be sold at a higher price.But on the other hand ,advertising reduces the seeking cost of customers.Customers can easily figure out what they are want to buy and avoid buying a wrong product,so it is difficult to say advertising raises prices absolutely.I think there may be bad influence on children,because some companies in order to promote their sales,they may add some unhealthy factors to advertisement drawing children’s attention.So this may had bad influence on children.6． What is dress code? How important is personal appearance at work? For example? Think about formal clothing, uniforms, men with earrings and tattoos, etc.Dress cold is how you dress in certain place.For example if you work in the police office ,you need to wear uniform.But if you work is designing something you need to wear casually as you want.I think the personal appearance have great relation to the work.If you work as a accountant ,your personal appearance should be neat and tidy.We usually see some barber with earring in order to show that they are fashion.But if a policeman with earrings we may think that he shouldn’t be a good policeman.It will be amusing that a barber dressed in a uniform.That may also have bad influence on their job.7． Is free trade always a good thing? Do you think it leads to the creation of jobs, or to unemployment? Should certain industries be protected? If so, which? As everything in the world have two sides,free trade is not the exception.On one hand free trade may makes our product import more easily,meanwhile,the product from the other countries will import to our country more easily.If the product we produced have a competitive advantages ,free trade may leads to creation of jobs.But if we don’t have advantages ,our factories may go to bankrupt, and a lot of people will out of work.In my opinion some industries such as energy industries and military industries should be protected.Because these industries is the economic lifeline of our country.In order to get a good economy order ,we should protect these industries.8． What are most people’s main personal assets? How can a sole trader get the capital to set up a business? If a private limited company goes bankrupt, do the shareholders lose their personal assets? Why? In our country,personal assets be got through the property of labor or other lawful means.Including: citizens' legal income, savings, articles for daily use, cultural relics, books and materials, trees, animals, and the law allows citizens all production data and other lawful property.Enterprise's capital source can be divided into(raise)and(investment), the two aspects of such as mortgage or a bank loan.If a private limited company goes bankrupt,shareholders shall be jointly and severally liable.when the company’s asset can’t be insolvent, it would use personal assets to repay.9． You have a shortlist of people for the post of Sales Manager.One of the female candidates is clearly the best qualified person for the job.However, you know that some of your best customers would prefer a man.If you appoint a woman you will probably lose some sales.What should you do? From the aspects of gender, if discrimination problems, everyone can see the ancient hua mulan, modern sog qing ling, Madame Curie.These great women have made outstanding contributions.We choose the female candidate for the reasons: first, her performance is obvious to all, secondly, she is warm, approachable to people and reward is clear.These qualities are the sales manager should have.If you insist on selecting male candidates, we can let them to make decisions for fair competition 10． What is your opinion of the following strange inventions: ? The petless leash can mew or bard—depending on whether you want a non-existent cat or dog.? Ice cubes that crackle louder according to the strength of your drink have been developed in Japan.The petless leash can mew or bard which satisfies the people who are allergic to cats and dogs.It is very creative.Because people who are allergic love pets, so it can meet their desire.For not allergic people,they can try the invention, but if you want really get the pleasure of pets,you must raise a real animal.The greater the solubility of alcohol, the louder ice cubes crackle.This invention is very interesting.First, in case I don't know the solubility of alcohol, we can understand the alcohol concentration by ice collisions.So when the alcohol concentration is too large, the clash of ice would warn drinkers in the certain degree.Second because of curious psychology, people will go to try this invention,which will bring economic benefits for the hotel.11． What are the methods of communication to staff in most companies? Is it important to let your manager know your ideas about work?(Why?)Do you think people can be trained to communicate more efficiently?(How?)In companies ,people often use telephone ,MSN and e-mails to communicate about work.People also use telephone to communicate how to do the work.They use e-mails to report to leader

what work they have finished.It is important to let my manager know your ideas about work.Because through communicating the work ideas ,my manager will get further understanding with me ,which may gives me a hand on my work.I think people can be trained to communicate more efficiently.For example they use the same format to send and reback e-mails.If there is a meeting people should give suggestions in turn and should not interrupt other ‘s talking.12． Discuss this list of unethical activities.Talk about your opinion for three of them: 1)avoiding paying tax;2)Claiming extra expenses;3)Using work facilities for private purposes;4)Accepting praise for someone else’s ideas or work;5)Selling a defective product avoiding paying tax: Tax evasion is immoral behavior.National income tax is from people and use for people.First to pay taxes is the duty of every citizen, second citizens use the resources in this country, we must pay a fee.For example: everyone holiday travel by trains, planes, and highway Bridges and other infrastructure construction.These are the state pays, individuals would not have finished.Claiming extra expenses: Every year the central government give the local government or department a proper grant, and the report is based on the lower the amount of funding.Some departments require far over budget allocations.Most of this money was squandered.These bad phenomenon bring huge economic burden for national finance

Using work facilities for private purposes: The use of public facilities for private purposes is immoral.Country spends money every year for the maintenance of public facilities.All of these are for the convenience of every citizen.If Using work facilities for private purposes is not only the misappropriation of state property also brings great harm to the society.For example: some police drives the car to do business.If there are emergency it will bring serious consequences.Accepting praise for someone else’s ideas or work: Accepting praise for someone else’s ideas or work is immoral.Life is fair, How much will be how much you pay for.To put other people's ideas or achievements are your own is honesty.At the same time.It will also affect the social fair, cause the bad atmosphere in society.Selling a defective product: Selling a defective product is immoral.It is in violation of the principle of honest.First, the customer use the money to buy the value of the goods.This is a fair deal.Then selling defective product to the customer has brought great potential safety hazard, and it harms the public safety.Seriously, it will violate the law.13． How important is each of the following for showing a person’s status in an organisation? A reserved parking space;an office with a window;a uniform;a personal business card;your own office;a company car;your name on your door.I think as a group of senior management personnel is a representative of the enterprise's strength,.So the company provides executives with car and reserves parking space.Executive office must be handsome, must have a title on the door of the office's name and the daylighting of the office is better in order to have a open vision.In addition ,executive business card must delicate features of the enterprise.As to the uniform, it just differs from other employees, but must highlight the identity of senior positions.14． What’s important when choosing offices to rent? ? Location ? Facilities ? Cost

I think when arranging a business trip abroad there are three things to consider.First, you must choose the type of transport.As overseas travels involve long distances, the plane is the best choice for reaching your destination rapidly.Secondly, you should also consider what accommodation best suits your purposes.Choosing a hotel with all modern conveniences and communication facilities will help you accomplish your tasks much better.Lastly, you should have a contact person who has important local connections and up-to-date local business information.4