第一篇：夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇 2010 溫總理致辭

鞏固向好勢(shì)頭 推動(dòng)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)

——在2010年夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇上的講話

中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理

溫家寶

（2010年9月13日）

尊敬的克勞斯·施瓦布主席，尊敬的各位來(lái)賓，女士們，先生們：

首先，我對(duì)第四屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇的召開(kāi)表示祝賀！對(duì)各位嘉賓的到來(lái)表示歡迎！在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)緩慢復(fù)蘇的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，本次論壇以“推動(dòng)可持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)”為主題，探尋未來(lái)發(fā)展之路，具有很強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性和重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。我祝愿本次論壇圓滿成功！

過(guò)去的兩年，在極為困難、復(fù)雜的情況下，中國(guó)在世界率先實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)回升向好，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，這是我們?nèi)鎸?shí)施一攬子計(jì)劃的結(jié)果。在國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊最嚴(yán)重的時(shí)候，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速一度大幅下滑，不少企業(yè)處于停產(chǎn)半停產(chǎn)狀態(tài)，有的甚至倒閉，不少工人失業(yè)，大批農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)。由于我們及時(shí)實(shí)施了一攬子計(jì)劃，從2009年第二季度開(kāi)始，經(jīng)濟(jì)增速下滑趨勢(shì)迅速扭轉(zhuǎn)，當(dāng)年增長(zhǎng)9.1%,今年上半年增長(zhǎng)11.1%.城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)不斷增加，居民收入持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，社會(huì)保持和諧穩(wěn)定。事非經(jīng)過(guò)不知難。一個(gè)13億人口的國(guó)家，如果沒(méi)有一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度，實(shí)現(xiàn)充分就業(yè)、提高人民福祉就是一句空話。實(shí)施一攬子計(jì)劃的成效，不僅在于保持了當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定，更重要的是保持了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的好勢(shì)頭，現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程沒(méi)有因巨大的外部沖擊而出現(xiàn)大的波折，其意義重大而深遠(yuǎn)。

在應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)中，我們始終高度重視推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。兩年來(lái)，國(guó)內(nèi)需求特別是消費(fèi)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的拉動(dòng)作用持續(xù)增強(qiáng)，2009年社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售總額實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)16.9%,為1986年以來(lái)最高增速，今年以來(lái)這一勢(shì)頭得到延續(xù)，上半年實(shí)際增速與去年同期基本持平。產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)加快，今年前7個(gè)月，高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值同比增長(zhǎng)17.7%,高于規(guī)模以上工業(yè)增加值增速0.7個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)得到加強(qiáng)，2008年8月1日，我國(guó)第一條具有完全自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)、世界一流水平的高速鐵路--京津城際鐵路通車(chē)運(yùn)營(yíng)，全程運(yùn)行時(shí)間只有30分鐘，使兩大直轄市形成同城效應(yīng)；去年12月26日通車(chē)運(yùn)營(yíng)的武廣高速鐵路又成為目前世界上一次建成里程最長(zhǎng)、速度最高的高速鐵路。節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護(hù)扎實(shí)推進(jìn)，去年關(guān)停了小火電機(jī)組2617萬(wàn)千瓦，淘汰落后煉鋼產(chǎn)能1691萬(wàn)噸、煉鐵產(chǎn)能2113萬(wàn)噸、水泥產(chǎn)能7416萬(wàn)噸，今年9月底前將再淘汰落后煉鋼產(chǎn)能825萬(wàn)噸、煉鐵產(chǎn)能3000萬(wàn)噸、水泥產(chǎn)能9155萬(wàn)噸，“十一五”前四年單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗累計(jì)下降15.6%.區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性增強(qiáng)，2009年中部地區(qū)、西部地區(qū)規(guī)模以上工業(yè)增加值增速分別比全國(guó)快1.1和4.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，今年上半年中部地區(qū)比全國(guó)快3.1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，西部地區(qū)與全國(guó)持平，中西部地區(qū)占全國(guó)規(guī)模以上工業(yè)增加值的比重由2008年同期的38.1%上升到38.8%.更為重要的是，我們從全局和戰(zhàn)略的高度，對(duì)加快經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整做出了全面部署。所有這些都將對(duì)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展起到重要推動(dòng)作用。

我們實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，刺激力度前所未有，同時(shí)又比較好地控制了財(cái)政金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。這兩年，我國(guó)財(cái)政赤字和國(guó)債規(guī)模分別控制在國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的3%以內(nèi)和20%左右；銀行資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量和抵御風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力提高，目前資本充足率和不良貸款率分別為11.1%和2.8%,都處于安全范圍內(nèi)。我們清醒地看到財(cái)政金融領(lǐng)域的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，特別是地方政府融資平臺(tái)的債務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這個(gè)問(wèn)題由來(lái)已久，但近期風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有所加大。我們已經(jīng)出臺(tái)加強(qiáng)地方政府融資平臺(tái)公司管理的有關(guān)辦法，正在抓緊落實(shí)。面對(duì)突如其來(lái)的國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊，我們采取超常規(guī)的政策措施是必要的，這些政策措施在發(fā)揮積極作用的同時(shí)，難以避免會(huì)帶來(lái)一些負(fù)面影響，關(guān)鍵是要把這些影響控制在可以承受的范圍內(nèi)。從這個(gè)角度來(lái)說(shuō)，我們比較好地處理了興利與除弊的關(guān)系，總體上看效果是好的。

中國(guó)實(shí)施一攬子計(jì)劃，不僅保持了本國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定和較快增長(zhǎng)，也為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。當(dāng)主要發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)負(fù)增長(zhǎng)之時(shí)，中國(guó)等發(fā)展中大國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速回穩(wěn)和保持較快增長(zhǎng)，極大地增強(qiáng)了世界戰(zhàn)勝?lài)?guó)際金融危機(jī)的信心，為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)提供了強(qiáng)勁增長(zhǎng)動(dòng)力。2009年中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)口10056億美元，全年貿(mào)易順差減少了1020億美元；今年前7個(gè)月，中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)口7666億美元，同比大幅增長(zhǎng)47.2%,貿(mào)易順差同比減少226億美元。這表明，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)為跨國(guó)公司提供了重大發(fā)展機(jī)遇，為主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體和周邊國(guó)家創(chuàng)造了大量需求，成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的重要引擎。

總之，無(wú)論從短期看、還是從長(zhǎng)期看，無(wú)論從實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域看、還是從財(cái)政金融領(lǐng)域看，我們應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)采取的一攬子計(jì)劃和政策措施都是符合中國(guó)實(shí)際的，是及時(shí)的、有力的、有效的，是造福當(dāng)代、利于后人、惠及世界的正確選擇。當(dāng)前中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行呈現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)速度較快、結(jié)構(gòu)逐步優(yōu)化、就業(yè)持續(xù)增加、價(jià)格基本穩(wěn)定的良好格局。二季度后一些主要經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)增速出現(xiàn)回落，主要是基數(shù)影響和主動(dòng)調(diào)控的結(jié)果。我們完全有信心、有條件、有能力繼續(xù)保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。我們將堅(jiān)持把處理好保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系作為宏觀調(diào)控的核心，把穩(wěn)定政策作為宏觀調(diào)控的主基調(diào)，保持政策的連續(xù)性、穩(wěn)定性，增強(qiáng)調(diào)控的針對(duì)性、靈活性，進(jìn)一步鞏固和發(fā)展好的勢(shì)頭。

女士們，先生們：

國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的深層次影響還沒(méi)有完全消除，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)還沒(méi)有進(jìn)入穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)的良性循環(huán)，系統(tǒng)性和結(jié)構(gòu)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)仍然比較突出。要鞏固和擴(kuò)大應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊成果，并統(tǒng)籌考慮當(dāng)前和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展，在繼續(xù)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的同時(shí)，通過(guò)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)性的改革，為可持續(xù)發(fā)展創(chuàng)造條件。這是世界各國(guó)面臨的共同課題。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中也存在一些不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問(wèn)題，主要是：經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，科技創(chuàng)新能力不強(qiáng)，資源環(huán)境約束強(qiáng)化，城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)。這些問(wèn)題有的是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)階段很難避免的，有的是體制改革不到位造成的。我們將把短期調(diào)控政策和長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展政策有機(jī)結(jié)合起來(lái)，把深化改革開(kāi)放和推動(dòng)科學(xué)發(fā)展有機(jī)結(jié)合起來(lái)，切實(shí)解決這些深層次、結(jié)構(gòu)性問(wèn)題。這樣，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)才能實(shí)現(xiàn)更大更持久的發(fā)展。當(dāng)前和今后一個(gè)時(shí)期，我們將著重在以下幾個(gè)方面做出努力。——我們要堅(jiān)持內(nèi)外均衡發(fā)展，著力構(gòu)建擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需特別是消費(fèi)需求的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制。中國(guó)有世界上潛力最大的國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，充分挖掘市場(chǎng)潛力，有效釋放國(guó)內(nèi)需求，是促進(jìn)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵所在，也是解決經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中突出矛盾的重要途徑。我們將加快推進(jìn)收入分配制度改革，努力提高居民收入在國(guó)民收入中的比重和勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬在初次分配中的比重，創(chuàng)造條件讓更多群眾擁有財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入，盡快扭轉(zhuǎn)收入差距擴(kuò)大趨勢(shì)，促進(jìn)居民收入和消費(fèi)可持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。我們將堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化，因地制宜地把符合條件的農(nóng)民工逐步轉(zhuǎn)為城鎮(zhèn)居民，繼續(xù)加快新農(nóng)村建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和改善公共服務(wù)，繼續(xù)實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，大力推進(jìn)西部大開(kāi)發(fā)和東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興，促進(jìn)中部崛起，著力培育內(nèi)需增長(zhǎng)新動(dòng)力，拓展農(nóng)村和中西部地區(qū)的內(nèi)需增長(zhǎng)新空間。同時(shí)，我們要堅(jiān)持面向國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)兩個(gè)市場(chǎng)。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)是開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)，我國(guó)既是出口大國(guó)，也是進(jìn)口大國(guó)。我們發(fā)展對(duì)外貿(mào)易，并不追求貿(mào)易順差。目前中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)、歐洲等有順差，但對(duì)日本、韓國(guó)有逆差；加工貿(mào)易有順差，但一般貿(mào)易有逆差；出口恢復(fù)性增長(zhǎng)很快，但進(jìn)口增長(zhǎng)更快。我們不能、也不會(huì)關(guān)起門(mén)來(lái)搞發(fā)展。我們將在擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需的同時(shí)，積極穩(wěn)定和拓展外需，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)外均衡發(fā)展。

——我們要堅(jiān)持創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)，著力推動(dòng)科技進(jìn)步和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。這是從根本上解決我國(guó)資源環(huán)境約束，適應(yīng)國(guó)際需求結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和國(guó)內(nèi)消費(fèi)升級(jí)新變化，全面提升國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量、效益和國(guó)家競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略重點(diǎn)。我們將把提高科技創(chuàng)新能力與完善現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)體系有機(jī)統(tǒng)一起來(lái)，用先進(jìn)技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，培育一批有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和知名品牌、國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力強(qiáng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)企業(yè)，建設(shè)一批具有國(guó)際水平和帶動(dòng)能力的現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，促進(jìn)我國(guó)由制造大國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹圃鞆?qiáng)國(guó)。我們將牢牢把握未來(lái)科技進(jìn)步新趨勢(shì)，加強(qiáng)政策支持和規(guī)劃引導(dǎo)，積極培育發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，加快形成新的支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)，力爭(zhēng)實(shí)現(xiàn)跨越式發(fā)展。加快服務(wù)業(yè)對(duì)內(nèi)對(duì)外開(kāi)放步伐，營(yíng)造有利于服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策和體制環(huán)境，提高服務(wù)業(yè)在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的比重。

——我們要堅(jiān)持節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境，著力提高資源利用效率和應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化能力。節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境是我們的基本國(guó)策。我們必須加快構(gòu)建有利于節(jié)約能源資源和保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)方式和消費(fèi)模式，促進(jìn)人與自然的和諧統(tǒng)一。我們將進(jìn)一步完善法規(guī)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，強(qiáng)化目標(biāo)責(zé)任考核，推動(dòng)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，全面推進(jìn)節(jié)能、節(jié)水、節(jié)地、節(jié)材和資源綜合利用，加強(qiáng)對(duì)各種自然資源的節(jié)約和管理，加強(qiáng)綜合治理，保護(hù)與修復(fù)生態(tài)。我們將大力培育以低碳排放為特征的工業(yè)、建筑和交通體系，增加森林碳匯，加快低碳技術(shù)研發(fā)、示范和產(chǎn)業(yè)化，全面增強(qiáng)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化能力，在“共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任”原則下積極開(kāi)展應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化國(guó)際合作。

——我們要堅(jiān)持經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，著力保障改善民生和促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義。保障和改善民生，讓經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展成果惠及全體人民，是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的根本目的。讓人民生活有基本保障、無(wú)后顧之憂，是現(xiàn)代政府的重要職責(zé)。目前許多國(guó)家都面臨失業(yè)率高企的共同難題。中國(guó)也面臨著相當(dāng)嚴(yán)峻的就業(yè)形勢(shì)。我國(guó)勞動(dòng)力人口近8億，相當(dāng)于所有發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家勞動(dòng)力資源的總和，每年新進(jìn)入人力資源市場(chǎng)的勞動(dòng)力遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)能夠提供的就業(yè)崗位，勞動(dòng)力總量供大于求與結(jié)構(gòu)性用工短缺矛盾并存。我們將把促進(jìn)就業(yè)作為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)先目標(biāo)，實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策，積極開(kāi)發(fā)就業(yè)崗位，鼓勵(lì)自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，促進(jìn)充分就業(yè)。我們將著力增強(qiáng)政府提供公共服務(wù)能力，逐步形成比較完整、覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)、可持續(xù)的基本公共服務(wù)體系，提高社會(huì)保障、基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生等領(lǐng)域的均等化水平。住房問(wèn)題既是經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題，更是影響社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的重要民生問(wèn)題，穩(wěn)定房?jī)r(jià)和提供住房保障是各級(jí)政府的重要責(zé)任。我們要進(jìn)一步規(guī)范市場(chǎng)秩序，完善土地、財(cái)稅、金融政策，加快建立促進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)健康發(fā)展的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制，抑制投資、投機(jī)性需求，引導(dǎo)市場(chǎng)增加普通商品房供給，加快保障性住房建設(shè)，發(fā)展公共租賃住房，促進(jìn)形成合理的住房供給結(jié)構(gòu)，滿足多層次的住房需求。

——我們要堅(jiān)持深化改革，著力增強(qiáng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的動(dòng)力與活力。中國(guó)的發(fā)展進(jìn)步得益于改革開(kāi)放，中國(guó)要實(shí)現(xiàn)富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的現(xiàn)代化目標(biāo)，仍然要靠改革開(kāi)放。中國(guó)的改革已經(jīng)到了攻堅(jiān)階段，必須以更大決心和勇氣全面推進(jìn)各領(lǐng)域改革。我們要通過(guò)深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制和政治體制等全面改革，使整個(gè)體制更加適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)主義民主政治建設(shè)的要求，更加有力地推進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義，更加有利于人的自由和全面發(fā)展。

女士們，先生們：

中國(guó)的發(fā)展是開(kāi)放的發(fā)展。中國(guó)的開(kāi)放是長(zhǎng)期的、全面的、互利的。一切有利于對(duì)外開(kāi)放的政策，我們都會(huì)堅(jiān)持下去。中國(guó)始終致力于為外商投資企業(yè)創(chuàng)造開(kāi)放公平的良好環(huán)境。中國(guó)高度重視知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)，已將保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)提升為國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略，中國(guó)也愿意與世界各國(guó)進(jìn)行知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)交流和對(duì)話。在這里，我要重申，所有依照中國(guó)法律在中國(guó)注冊(cè)的企業(yè)都是中國(guó)企業(yè)，它們制造的產(chǎn)品都是中國(guó)制造，它們研發(fā)的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品也都是中國(guó)創(chuàng)造。在中國(guó)境內(nèi)注冊(cè)的外資企業(yè)都享受?chē)?guó)民待遇。同時(shí)，中國(guó)的政府采購(gòu)，對(duì)外商投資企業(yè)和中資企業(yè)在中國(guó)生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品一視同仁、平等對(duì)待。

中國(guó)巨大的市場(chǎng)容量、完善的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、完備的產(chǎn)業(yè)配套能力和穩(wěn)定公平的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境，正在吸引越來(lái)越多的跨國(guó)企業(yè)到中國(guó)投資興業(yè)。目前中國(guó)是世界上吸引外資最多的國(guó)家之一，全球500強(qiáng)企業(yè)中已有470多家在中國(guó)落戶。截至今年7月底，中國(guó)已累計(jì)吸收外資1.05萬(wàn)億美元，連續(xù)18年居發(fā)展中國(guó)家首位。今年1-7月我國(guó)吸收外商投資同比增長(zhǎng)了20.7%.外商投資企業(yè)在中國(guó)總體運(yùn)營(yíng)情況良好，取得豐厚回報(bào)，不少企業(yè)成為其母公司全球業(yè)務(wù)增長(zhǎng)亮點(diǎn)和利潤(rùn)中心。這些情況說(shuō)明，中國(guó)政府營(yíng)造良好投資環(huán)境的努力得到了投資者的認(rèn)可，提振了外商投資信心。我們將繼續(xù)完善涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)法律法規(guī)和政策，改善外商投資興業(yè)環(huán)境。我們真誠(chéng)地歡迎各國(guó)企業(yè)積極參與中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放進(jìn)程，也希望各類(lèi)企業(yè)嚴(yán)格遵守中國(guó)的法律法規(guī)，在中國(guó)依法經(jīng)營(yíng)，共享中國(guó)繁榮進(jìn)步帶來(lái)的機(jī)遇和成果。

謝謝大家！

第二篇：2011年夏季達(dá)沃斯開(kāi)幕 溫總理致辭專(zhuān)題

2011年夏季達(dá)沃斯開(kāi)幕 溫總理致辭(實(shí)錄)(10)

http://stock.591hx.com 2011年09月14日 10:溫家寶：中國(guó)已是一個(gè)全面開(kāi)放的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)家

世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇2011年新領(lǐng)軍者年會(huì)14日-16日在大連舉行，國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶在論壇上表示，今天的中國(guó)，已經(jīng)是一個(gè)全面開(kāi)放的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)家，對(duì)外開(kāi)放不僅有利促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，改善本國(guó)人民福祉，也成為促進(jìn)區(qū)域和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要力量。

以下是溫家寶發(fā)言實(shí)錄：

尊敬的克勞斯·施瓦布主席，女士們，先生們，首先我對(duì)第五屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇的舉辦表示中心的祝賀，對(duì)各位嘉賓的到來(lái)表示熱烈的歡迎！

夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇已經(jīng)走過(guò)五個(gè)年頭，五年的時(shí)間使達(dá)沃斯論壇形成了一個(gè)宗旨，這就是“面向世界，面向未來(lái)，面向創(chuàng)新，面向青年”。會(huì)議多種多樣形式的討論，開(kāi)的生動(dòng)活潑，充滿朝氣，特別是在金融危機(jī)困難的時(shí)期，給世界傳遞了希望的聲音，帶來(lái)了信心和勇氣。

本次論壇以關(guān)注增長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量，掌控經(jīng)濟(jì)格局為主題，反應(yīng)了大家對(duì)推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長(zhǎng)的共識(shí)與期待。我祝愿本次論壇獲得圓滿成功！

如果以三年前的9月15號(hào)雷曼兄弟銀行倒閉為標(biāo)志，國(guó)際金融危機(jī)已經(jīng)過(guò)去三年了，國(guó)際組織、各國(guó)政府、企業(yè)界和專(zhuān)家學(xué)者都在深刻的反思，探究危機(jī)產(chǎn)生的原因，尋求世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)未來(lái)發(fā)展之路，對(duì)于中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的成就有喝采的，也有懷疑的；對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的未來(lái)，有看好的，也有唱衰的。對(duì)此，我們的頭腦是是清醒的，胸中是有數(shù)的，信心是堅(jiān)定的。

新世紀(jì)頭十年是世界政治經(jīng)濟(jì)格局大調(diào)整，大變革的十年，是中國(guó)工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化快速發(fā)展的十年，也是我們?nèi)嫱七M(jìn)改革開(kāi)放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得輝煌成就的十年。這十年，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)年均增長(zhǎng)10.5%，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值由世界第六位上升到第二位，對(duì)外貿(mào)易總額由第七位上升到第二位。產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)，農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)不斷加強(qiáng)，中西部地區(qū)發(fā)展加快。各具特色的區(qū)域發(fā)展格局初步形成，各項(xiàng)社會(huì)事業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，城鄉(xiāng)居民收入大幅提高。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力，綜合國(guó)力，人民生活水平邁上了一個(gè)新的臺(tái)階，國(guó)家面貌發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。

我們堅(jiān)持用改革的辦法破解發(fā)展難題，不斷完善社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，在財(cái)稅、金融、農(nóng)村、企業(yè)、資源價(jià)格等領(lǐng)域推出一系列重大改革，使微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)活力和宏觀管理能力明顯增強(qiáng)，市場(chǎng)配制資源的效率明顯提高，全面推進(jìn)社會(huì)事業(yè)發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)真正免費(fèi)的九年義務(wù)教育，覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會(huì)保障體系初步形成，保障性住房建設(shè)加快推進(jìn)，使學(xué)有所教，老有所得，病有所醫(yī)，老有所養(yǎng)，住有所居的理想逐步變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。

通過(guò)改革，我們進(jìn)一步破除了制約發(fā)展的各種障礙，調(diào)動(dòng)了廣大人民的積極性，主動(dòng)性，創(chuàng)造性，使資本、勞動(dòng)、知識(shí)、技術(shù)和管理的活力競(jìng)相迸發(fā)，成為社會(huì)財(cái)富迅速增加的源泉。我們堅(jiān)持互利共盈的開(kāi)放戰(zhàn)略，提升開(kāi)放性經(jīng)濟(jì)水平，以2001年加入世界貿(mào)易組織為契機(jī)，加快轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)發(fā)展方式，調(diào)整進(jìn)出口結(jié)構(gòu)，促進(jìn)加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易，把引進(jìn)來(lái)與走出去結(jié)合，對(duì)外投資與利用外資協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，積極參與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理機(jī)制改革和區(qū)域合作機(jī)制建設(shè)，不斷深化雙邊與多邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。

今天的中國(guó)，已經(jīng)是一個(gè)全面開(kāi)放的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)家，對(duì)外開(kāi)放不僅有利促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，改善本國(guó)人民福祉，也成為促進(jìn)區(qū)域和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要力量。

第三篇：2013第七屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇的致辭

尊敬的克勞斯?施瓦布主席先生和夫人，尊敬的各位貴賓、女士們、先生們、朋友們: Professor Klaus Schwab, Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, and Mrs.Schwab, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends，首先，我代表中國(guó)政府對(duì)第七屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇的召開(kāi)表示熱烈祝賀！對(duì)各位嘉賓的光臨表示誠(chéng)摯歡迎！

Let me begin by extending, on behalf of the Chinese government, hearty congratulations on the opening of the seventh Summer Davos Forum and a warm welcome to all the distinguished guests.7年前，達(dá)沃斯論壇從瑞士的高山之巔來(lái)到中國(guó)的渤海之濱，我當(dāng)時(shí)正在遼寧工作，親身參與了論壇的創(chuàng)辦，至今歷歷在目。這些年來(lái)，論壇在大連和天津輪流舉辦，影響越來(lái)越大，我感到由衷高興。本屆論壇以“創(chuàng)新：勢(shì)在必行”為主題，具有很強(qiáng)的引領(lǐng)性和前瞻性。

Seven years ago, when the Davos Forum came from the high mountains in Switzerland to the shore of the Bohai Bay in China, I was working in Liaoning and was personally engaged in the launch of the Forum, and my memories of the event are still vivid today.I am truly happy that the Forum, which has been held in Dalian and Tianjin in rotation since then, is gaining greater influence, and I find the theme of this year’s Forum, “Meeting the Innovation Imperative”, a forward-looking one that points the way to the future.從2008年9月至今，國(guó)際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)已整整五年。目前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)仍錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜，發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體剛出現(xiàn)一些好轉(zhuǎn)跡象，新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體又面臨較大下行壓力，可謂一波未平一波又起。受多重因素影響，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度也有所放緩，昨天，我和施瓦布先生一起與部分企業(yè)家代表進(jìn)行了交流，大家對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)及發(fā)展前景等問(wèn)題十分關(guān)心。一段時(shí)間以來(lái)，國(guó)際上對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)有不少議論，擔(dān)心會(huì)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些國(guó)家曾遇到的增長(zhǎng)過(guò)早放緩問(wèn)題，甚至出現(xiàn)“硬著陸”。我想告訴大家，中國(guó)正處在轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)的關(guān)鍵階段，當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基本面是好的，經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行總體是平穩(wěn)的。

Five years have passed since the outbreak of the international financial crisis in September 2008.Yet the world economy still faces a complex situation.Just as developed economies begin to show some signs of improvement, emerging economies are confronted with rather serious downward pressure.As we often say in China, “Hardly has one wave subsided when another wave rises”.Affected by a multiple of factors, economic growth in China has slowed down to some extent.Yesterday, Professor Schwab and I had an exchange of views with some of the business representatives.They all showed a keen interest in the state and prospects of the Chinese economy.For some time now, there have been many comments on the Chinese economy, wondering whether it may slow down too early, like in some other countries, or even encounter a hard landing.What I would like to say is that the Chinese economy, which is at a crucial stage of transformation and upgrading, is moving forward in a steady way and its fundamentals are sound.今年一季度，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速?gòu)娜ツ晁募径鹊?.9%下滑到7.7%，二季度又下行至7.5%，消費(fèi)、投資以及外貿(mào)增速呈下行態(tài)勢(shì)，中央財(cái)政收入出現(xiàn)多年來(lái)少有的負(fù)增長(zhǎng)。面對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力，我們堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)的工作總基調(diào)，采取了一系列創(chuàng)新性的政策措施，統(tǒng)籌穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促改革，保證了經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。

Economic growth in China went down from 7.9% in the fourth quarter of last year to 7.7% in the first quarter and 7.5% in the second quarter of this year with a reduced increase in consumption, investment and foreign trade.There was a registered negative growth in the central government revenue, which has been rarely seen for many years.Confronted with downward pressures, we stayed committed to the overall policy of seeking steady economic progress.We took a host of innovative policies and measures with a holistic approach to pursue steady growth, conduct structural readjustment and promote reform, which served to ensure a smooth economic performance.第一，兼顧當(dāng)前和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)，穩(wěn)定宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。經(jīng)濟(jì)下行時(shí)，用短期刺激政策把經(jīng)濟(jì)增速推高，不失為一種辦法，但我們權(quán)衡利弊，認(rèn)為這無(wú)助于解決深層次問(wèn)題，因而選擇了既利當(dāng)前、更惠長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的策略，保持宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的穩(wěn)定。在財(cái)政政策方面，堅(jiān)持不擴(kuò)大赤字，而是調(diào)整支出結(jié)構(gòu)，壓縮行政開(kāi)支，加快支出進(jìn)度，加大對(duì)中西部地區(qū)、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、保障民生的支持，對(duì)小微企業(yè)實(shí)行稅收優(yōu)惠。在貨幣政策方面，保持定力，即使貨幣市場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)短期波動(dòng)，我們也沉著應(yīng)對(duì)，不畏艱險(xiǎn)，既不放松也不收緊銀根，管理好流動(dòng)性，重點(diǎn)通過(guò)盤(pán)活存量、用好增量，支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。我們還通過(guò)加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管和規(guī)范發(fā)展，積極防范和化解財(cái)政金融領(lǐng)域的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。對(duì)大家都很關(guān)注的地方政府性債務(wù)問(wèn)題，我們正在采取有針對(duì)性的措施，有序規(guī)范和化解。可以有把握地說(shuō)，總體是安全可控的。First, keeping the macro economic policy stable with consideration given to both immediate and long-term needs.In the face of economic downturn, a short-term stimulus policy could be one way to drive up growth.But after weighing the pros and cons, we concluded that such an option would not help address the underlying problems.Hence, we opted for keeping the macro economic policy stable, which we believe served both the immediate needs and long-term interests of the economy.With respect to fiscal policy, we introduced policy measures that kept deficit from expanding, readjusted the expenditure structure, cut down administrative expenditures, accelerated spending, increased support for the central and western regions as well as for structural readjustments and for improving people’s wellbeing, and granted preferential tax treatment to small and micro businesses.In terms of monetary policy, we stayed focused, responded calmly and met difficulties head-on.We did not relax or tighten the monetary policy in spite of the short-term fluctuation in the money market, and properly managed liquidity.We supported the real economy mainly by making good use of both the stock and the increment.At the same time, we strengthened supervision and improved regulation to prevent and defuse potential risks in the fiscal and financial sectors.Regarding the local government debt issue, which has become a source of concern, we are taking pertinent measures to regulate and address it in an orderly fashion.Here, I can say with certainty that the situation is on the whole safe and manageable.第二，堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放，著力激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力。改革創(chuàng)新是一個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)展的不竭動(dòng)力。本屆政府開(kāi)門(mén)做的第一件大事，就是以轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能為核心，大力推進(jìn)行政管理體制改革。今年以來(lái)已取消和下放了200多項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng)，目的是通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)，把該放的權(quán)力放開(kāi)、放到位，把該管的事情管好、管到位，為各類(lèi)企業(yè)營(yíng)造公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境，激發(fā)市場(chǎng)主體創(chuàng)造活力。我們擴(kuò)大了“營(yíng)改增”試點(diǎn)范圍，積極推動(dòng)利率市場(chǎng)化進(jìn)程、鐵路等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投融資體制、資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格、政府購(gòu)買(mǎi)公共服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域改革。我們加快推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)改革，發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，在金融、石油、電力、鐵路、電信、資源開(kāi)發(fā)、公用事業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入，引導(dǎo)民間投資增長(zhǎng)，為各類(lèi)所有制企業(yè)提供更大發(fā)展空間。

Second, steadfastly pursuing reform and opening-up with priority given to the stimulation of the market.Reform and innovation provide an inexhaustible driving force for a country’s development.What this government has done first is to vigorously reform the administrative system with focus on transforming government functions.Since the beginning of this year, we have abolished or delegated to lower levels the conduct of administrative review and approval for over 200 items.By streamlining administration and delegating power, the government aims to delegate power to lower levels as much as what is necessary and appropriate while effectively managing all the matters within its purview so as to provide a level-playing field for all enterprises and stimulate the creativity of market players.We have expanded the scope of the business-to-value added tax pilot reform, and advanced reforms relating to market-based interest rates, the investment and financing system for the construction of railways and other infrastructure, pricing of resource products and government procurement of public services.We have accelerated the reform of economic structure, endeavored to develop a mixed economy, relaxed market access in the financial, oil, electricity, railway, telecommunications, resources development, public facilities and the services sector, encouraged more investment of the non-public sector, and provided greater space for business of various ownerships.中國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)要依靠改革，也離不開(kāi)開(kāi)放。我們不斷探索對(duì)外開(kāi)放的新路子，上半年與歐洲國(guó)家瑞士和冰島簽署了自貿(mào)協(xié)定，最近又與東盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人商議打造中國(guó)—東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)升級(jí)版。在上海建立自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)，探索負(fù)面清單管理模式，重點(diǎn)在投資準(zhǔn)入、服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域擴(kuò)大開(kāi)放。我們還推出了提高對(duì)外貿(mào)易便利化等措施促進(jìn)進(jìn)出口平穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)。

China’s modernization will not be accomplished without reform, nor will it be achieved without opening-up.We have explored new ways to open China wider to the outside world.In the first half of this year, we signed FTA agreements with Switzerland and Iceland, and we have recently discussed with ASEAN leaders on how to upgrade the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area.In our effort to build a pilot free trade-zone in Shanghai, the negative-list approach will be explored and priority will be given to easier investment access and greater openness in trade in services.We have also adopted measures to facilitate foreign trade and promote a steady growth in import and export.第三，著眼轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，調(diào)整優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)到了只有轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)才能持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵階段。擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需是最大的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)和區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展是主要任務(wù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化、新型城鎮(zhèn)化、信息化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化同步推進(jìn)是基本途徑，發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)是重要戰(zhàn)略支撐。我們積極培育新的消費(fèi)熱點(diǎn)，推動(dòng)實(shí)施“寬帶中國(guó)”戰(zhàn)略。我們加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設(shè)，增加節(jié)能環(huán)保、棚戶區(qū)改造、城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、中西部鐵路等方面的投資，加大對(duì)集中連片特困地區(qū)的支持力度。我們出臺(tái)專(zhuān)門(mén)政策措施，促進(jìn)養(yǎng)老、健康、文化、教育等服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展。加快實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，大力推進(jìn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，促進(jìn)科技與經(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合，營(yíng)造有利于創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)的社會(huì)環(huán)境。

Third, readjusting and optimizing the structure with emphasis on transformation and upgrading.China is now at such a crucial stage that without structural transformation and upgrading, we will not be able to achieve a sustained economic growth.In readjusting the structure, the most important aspect is to expand domestic demand, and a major task is to pursue a balanced development between urban and rural areas and among different regions.We will rely mainly on industrialization, new type of urbanization, IT application and modernization of agriculture and focus on developing the service sector which is of strategic importance.We are cultivating new growth areas of consumption and implementing the “Broadband China” strategy.We will enhance the weak links and invest more in energy conservation and environmental protection, redevelopment of shantytowns, infrastructure in urban areas, and railways in the central and western regions.We are stepping up support for contiguous and concentrated poverty-stricken areas.We have adopted special policy measures to promote old age care, health, cultural, educational and other services.We are implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development at a faster pace, aggressively promoting technological innovation and deep integration of science and technology with the economy and building a social environment friendly to innovation and business start-up activities.今年以來(lái)，中國(guó)穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促改革協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)，主要得益于宏觀管理方式的創(chuàng)新。我們根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?jié)摿彤?dāng)前實(shí)際，科學(xué)確定經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的合理區(qū)間，守住穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、保就業(yè)的“下限”，把握好防通脹的“上限”。這也是預(yù)期調(diào)節(jié)的預(yù)警線。同時(shí)，制定與經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行合理區(qū)間相配套的宏觀政策框架。只要經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行處在合理區(qū)間，經(jīng)濟(jì)總量政策就保持基本穩(wěn)定，主線是轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，著力點(diǎn)是調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，關(guān)鍵舉措仍然是推動(dòng)改革創(chuàng)新，不斷釋放內(nèi)需潛力、創(chuàng)新動(dòng)力和改革紅利，以激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力，形成增長(zhǎng)的內(nèi)生力量，著力打造中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)版。

Since the start of this year, China has been rather successful in coordinating efforts to seek steady growth, conduct structural readjustment and deepen reform, and this is mainly attributable to innovation in macro management.Seizing the growth potential and acting to address the need in reality, we have set a reasonable range of economic performance with a lower limit designed to ensure steady growth and job creation and an upper limit which is meant to avert inflation.The limits are also seen as benchmarks for anticipatory regulation measures.We have also developed a macro policy framework in keeping with the reasonable range of economic performance.As long as the economy runs within the reasonable range, we will keep the macro economic policy generally stable, and focus on shifting the growth model and on structural readjustment.In this connection, what is essential is to advance reform and innovation, tap potential domestic demand, and unleash innovation motivation and reform dividends in order to boost market vitality and the internal driving force for growth and upgrade the Chinese economy.這些舉措，使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行呈現(xiàn)企穩(wěn)向好勢(shì)頭。從7、8月份情況看，制造業(yè)經(jīng)理人采購(gòu)指數(shù)（PMI）、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者出廠價(jià)格指數(shù)（PPI）、工業(yè)增加值、進(jìn)出口、用電量、貨運(yùn)量等主要指標(biāo)普遍回升，實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)活躍，城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大，物價(jià)總水平保持穩(wěn)定，市場(chǎng)信心增強(qiáng)，社會(huì)預(yù)期向好。這種穩(wěn)中有進(jìn)的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)讓我們堅(jiān)信，今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的預(yù)期目標(biāo)一定能實(shí)現(xiàn)。同時(shí)也要看到，目前經(jīng)濟(jì)回升的基礎(chǔ)仍不牢固，不確定因素還很多。我們不能也不會(huì)掉以輕心，要做好進(jìn)一步克服困難和應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的準(zhǔn)備。

These measures have brought about a sound momentum of stable economic performance in China.In July and August, PMI, PPI, industrial value added, import and export, power consumption, freight volume and other major indicators all rebounded;the real economy was active;urban employment situation continued to improve and prices were generally stable with enhanced market confidence and growing public expectations.Such a development momentum of steady progress gives us the confidence that we will meet the economic and social development goals set for the whole year.Having said that, we must see that the foundation for economic rebound is still fragile with many uncertainties ahead.We cannot and will not slacken our efforts.We must be prepared to tackle more difficulties and challenges.女士們，先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)30多年的高速增長(zhǎng)，創(chuàng)造了世界發(fā)展史上的奇跡。當(dāng)前中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已進(jìn)入中高速增長(zhǎng)階段。7.5%左右的增速與過(guò)去近兩位數(shù)的增長(zhǎng)相比是慢了一些，但從世界范圍看，仍然是世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體中的高速度。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量比過(guò)去明顯增大，目前已進(jìn)入轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展階段，潛在增長(zhǎng)率有所下降，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)由高速轉(zhuǎn)為中高速符合發(fā)展規(guī)律。而且，未來(lái)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)必須以提高質(zhì)量和效益為前提，必須以資源節(jié)約和生態(tài)環(huán)保為支撐，必須以科技創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)進(jìn)步為動(dòng)力，必須是有就業(yè)保障和居民收入相應(yīng)增加的增長(zhǎng)。也就是說(shuō)，讓改革和發(fā)展的成果惠及最廣大的人民群眾。

The fast growth of the Chinese economy over the past 30-odd years is a miracle in the history of development of the world.The Chinese economy has entered a phase of medium to high rate growth.Though lower than the near double-digit rates seen in previous years, a growth in the neighborhood of 7.5% is still considered high for any major economy in the world.China’s economic size is considerably bigger than before.As the economy enters a phase of transformation, the slowdown of its prospective growth and moderation of the Chinese economy from a high speed to a medium to high speed are only natural.Moreover, China’s growth in the coming years should be predicated on higher quality and efficiency, bolstered by resource conservation and environment protection, and driven by technological innovation and advance.It has to be a growth with sufficient employment and growing household income.In other words, we need to ensure the fruits of reform and development benefit as many people as possible.展望未來(lái)，中國(guó)發(fā)展前景光明。我們完全有能力、有條件保持經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。中國(guó)的工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化遠(yuǎn)未完成，區(qū)域發(fā)展回旋余地和市場(chǎng)潛力巨大；改革大勢(shì)不可逆轉(zhuǎn)，推進(jìn)改革必將釋放出新的制度活力；中國(guó)人民勤勞智慧、自強(qiáng)不息，是最重要的發(fā)展支撐。我們將持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，不斷改善民生，促進(jìn)社會(huì)公正，堅(jiān)定不移地沿著改革開(kāi)放之路走下去，把中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)不斷推向前進(jìn)。只要我們咬定長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)不放松，解決眼前問(wèn)題不懈怠，中國(guó)這艘經(jīng)濟(jì)巨輪就一定能夠乘風(fēng)破浪，揚(yáng)帆遠(yuǎn)航。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)一定能保持長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展！

Looking ahead, I see bright prospects for China’s development.We are well placed to sustain a healthy economic growth in the long run.The process of industrialization and urbanization is far from being completed in China, which promises a big room for regional development and huge market potential;reform, an overriding trend that is irreversible, is bound to unleash fresh institutional vitality;and the hard work, talent and perseverance of the Chinese people will always provide the most important support for development.We will continue to grow the economy, improve people’s living standards, uphold social justice, stay firm on the path of reform and opening-up and advance the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.As long as we remain committed to long-term goals and focus on addressing immediate challenges, the giant vessel of the Chinese economy will break waves and sail far.And we will achieve the sustained and sound growth of the Chinese economy.女士們，先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen，當(dāng)今世界，經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、世界多極化、社會(huì)信息化深入發(fā)展，我們同住一個(gè)“地球村”，沒(méi)有哪一個(gè)國(guó)家能變成離群索居的“魯濱遜”。這些年來(lái)，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展從對(duì)外開(kāi)放中獲益匪淺。同時(shí)，中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的主要推動(dòng)力量之一，在應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)中也發(fā)揮了重要作用。預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)5年中國(guó)進(jìn)口將達(dá)10萬(wàn)億美元，對(duì)外投資5000億美元，出境旅游超過(guò)4億人次。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，將對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮和發(fā)展作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。中國(guó)愿與世界共同分享這一巨大的商機(jī)，也希望各國(guó)能夠?yàn)橹袊?guó)發(fā)展提供更好的合作環(huán)境。

In the world today, the trend towards economic globalization, a multi-polar world and IT application is gaining momentum.We live in a global village.No country can live in isolation of others like Robinson Crusoe.Over the years, the Chinese economy has benefited enormously from its opening-up policy.At the same time, China has become a major engine driving world economic growth and played an important role in responding to the international financial crisis.In the next five years, China is expected to import 10 trillion US dollars of goods, invest 500 billion US dollars overseas and send over 400 million tourists abroad.China, with its economic structure transformed and upgraded, will contribute more to the prosperity and development of the world economy.China is ready to share this huge business opportunity with the rest of the world and hopes to have a better cooperation environment for its development.中國(guó)作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中大國(guó)，在國(guó)際事務(wù)中有自己的責(zé)任和擔(dān)當(dāng)。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)體量的增大，中國(guó)在國(guó)際上發(fā)揮的作用也會(huì)相應(yīng)增大。中國(guó)有句古話：“君子成人之美”。只有美人之美，才能美美與共。我們?cè)敢飧鄥⑴c國(guó)際治理，盡可能提供國(guó)際公共產(chǎn)品；與其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家分享減貧經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提供更多幫助；為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長(zhǎng)分擔(dān)責(zé)任作出貢獻(xiàn)。當(dāng)然，中國(guó)仍是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，按照國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，還有一億多人生活在貧困線下。中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化還需要一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期艱苦的過(guò)程，中國(guó)承擔(dān)的國(guó)際責(zé)任和義務(wù)只能與自身的理念和發(fā)展水平相適應(yīng)。

As a major developing country, China is ready to take up its responsibility in international affairs.As its economy expands, China will play an increasingly bigger role in international affairs.As an ancient Chinese saying goes, “A gentleman is always ready to help others attain their goals.” We believe that only by helping each other can we all attain our goals.We are ready to take a more active part in international governance and do our best to provide international public goods.We are ready to share our poverty reduction experience with and offer more assistance to fellow developing countries.We will share responsibility for and make our contribution to a strong, sustainable and balanced world economy.However, China is still a developing country.Over 100 million people still live under the poverty line according to international standards.China’s modernization will be a long and arduous process.The international responsibilities and obligations China undertakes must be commensurate with both the level and approach of its development.當(dāng)前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇艱難曲折，國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)，完善應(yīng)對(duì)跨國(guó)金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的準(zhǔn)備，加快全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理改革。提升發(fā)展中國(guó)家在國(guó)際事務(wù)中的代表性和話語(yǔ)權(quán)，盡可能減小因一些國(guó)家宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策變化對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)特別是新興市場(chǎng)國(guó)家的沖擊。各國(guó)還應(yīng)進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大相互開(kāi)放，旗幟鮮明反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義，齊心協(xié)力做大世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的蛋糕。

In view of the difficulties and setbacks in the global economic recovery, members of the international community should increase coordination on macro economic policies as well as the readiness to cope with the cross-border financial risks and help speed up the reform of the global economic governance.Developing countries should have greater representation and bigger voices in international affairs so as to minimize the adverse impact of the change of macro economic policies by some countries on the entire world economy, especially on emerging market economies.All countries should open wider to other countries, take a clear-cut stand against all forms of protectionism, and work in concert to enlarge the pie of the world economy.中國(guó)將一如既往鼓勵(lì)外國(guó)公司來(lái)華投資興業(yè)，進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化投資環(huán)境，強(qiáng)化知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)，營(yíng)造平等使用生產(chǎn)要素、公平參與市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、同等受到法律保護(hù)、共同承擔(dān)社會(huì)責(zé)任的環(huán)境。我們將繼續(xù)用事實(shí)證明，選擇中國(guó)是跨國(guó)公司興旺發(fā)達(dá)的明智之舉、上乘之策。

China will continue to encourage foreign companies to make investment and do business in China.We will create a more investment friendly environment, intensify IPR protection, and provide an environment in which all players have equal access to factors of production, market competition and legal protection while taking up social responsibilities together.Facts will continue to prove that to come and do business in China is a wise decision for multinationals to grow their business.女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen，我們生活在一個(gè)飛速變革的時(shí)代，變革呼喚創(chuàng)新，創(chuàng)新推動(dòng)進(jìn)步。中國(guó)政府所采取的一系列政策，都貫穿著改革創(chuàng)新的理念和精神。創(chuàng)新是我們永遠(yuǎn)高揚(yáng)的旗幟。希望在座的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)新領(lǐng)軍者成為各自領(lǐng)域改革創(chuàng)新的生力軍。多年來(lái)，夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇成為聚焦中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要平臺(tái)，發(fā)揮著獨(dú)特作用。今天，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的奇跡已進(jìn)入提質(zhì)增效的“第二季”，后面的故事會(huì)更精彩。我相信，夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇會(huì)越辦越好，不僅向世界展示中國(guó)人民建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家的多彩風(fēng)貌，也為世界和中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)共同繁榮貢獻(xiàn)更多智慧和力量！

We live in a time of fast changes.Changes call for innovation and innovation leads to progress.Reform and innovation is the running theme and spirit of the policies adopted by the Chinese government, and it is the banner that we will always hold high.I hope you, new champions of the world economy, will become indeed champions of reform and innovation in your respective areas.Over the years, the Summer Davos has played a unique role and served as an important platform for discussions on the Chinese economy.Now the new season of the Chinese economic miracle, one of better quality and higher efficiency, is unveiled, and I guarantee you even more exciting stories to come.I am sure that the Summer Davos Forum will achieve greater successes, presenting to the world new progress of the Chinese people in building a modern country, and contributing more wisdom and strength to the common prosperity of China and the world.最后，預(yù)祝本次論壇圓滿成功！

In conclusion, I wish this year’s forum a complete success!

謝謝。

Thank you.

第四篇：夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇開(kāi)幕式發(fā)表致辭

夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇開(kāi)幕式發(fā)表致辭

尊敬的施瓦布先生，尊敬的各國(guó)元首和政府首腦，尊敬的各位嘉賓，女士們、先生們，朋友們：很高興和大家相聚在中國(guó)天津，共同出席第八屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇。在此，我謹(jǐn)代表中國(guó)政府對(duì)論壇召開(kāi)表示熱烈祝賀！對(duì)遠(yuǎn)道而來(lái)的貴賓表示熱烈歡迎！

本屆論壇以“推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新，創(chuàng)造價(jià)值”為主題，具有很強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。創(chuàng)新是人類(lèi)社會(huì)的永恒話題，也是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的不熄引擎。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定復(fù)蘇要靠創(chuàng)新，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)提質(zhì)增效升級(jí)也要靠創(chuàng)新。近幾年，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)之所以能夠保持持續(xù)發(fā)展，向健康方向前進(jìn)，主要?jiǎng)恿€是來(lái)自于改革創(chuàng)新。

今年以來(lái)，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇艱難曲折，新興市場(chǎng)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大。我們堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)的總基調(diào)，保持定力，主動(dòng)作為，沒(méi)有搞強(qiáng)刺激，沒(méi)有放松銀根，而是強(qiáng)力推動(dòng)改革，大力調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)，著力惠民生，保持了經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。上半年，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)7.4%，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅2.3%。在增速放緩的情況下，1—8月，31個(gè)大中城市調(diào)查失業(yè)率保持在5%左右，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)970多萬(wàn)人，與去年同期相比增加了10多萬(wàn)人。

在經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大的情況下，就業(yè)不降反增，主要是改革發(fā)了力。本屆政府成立以來(lái)，我們加快行政審批制度改革，各部門(mén)已取消和下放了600多項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng)，今年又在全國(guó)推行商事制度等改革，企業(yè)準(zhǔn)入的門(mén)檻降低了，“緊箍咒”松了，極大地調(diào)動(dòng)了全社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)興業(yè)的熱情。1—8月，新登記注冊(cè)市場(chǎng)主體800多萬(wàn)戶，其中3—8月工商登記制度改革后新登記注冊(cè)企業(yè)同比增長(zhǎng)61%，出現(xiàn)了所謂“井噴式”增長(zhǎng)，帶動(dòng)了千萬(wàn)人以上的就業(yè)。我們不僅改革商事登記制度，而且推進(jìn)投融資體制、稅收、流通體制等領(lǐng)域的改革，進(jìn)一步打開(kāi)了服務(wù)業(yè)等新興產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的閘門(mén)，對(duì)擴(kuò)大就業(yè)起到了重要的“推進(jìn)器”、“容納器”作用。

中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的積極變化，不僅表現(xiàn)在就業(yè)增加和居民收入增長(zhǎng)上，也體現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化上。簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)加上“定向減稅”、“定向降準(zhǔn)”等財(cái)稅金融措施，有力地支持了服務(wù)業(yè)、“三農(nóng)”、小微企業(yè)、民營(yíng)企業(yè)和新興業(yè)態(tài)的發(fā)展。上半年，電子商務(wù)、流通快遞等新產(chǎn)業(yè)、新商業(yè)模式迅速增長(zhǎng)；新登記注冊(cè)服務(wù)業(yè)企業(yè)增幅達(dá)70%以上，第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增速和比重超過(guò)第二產(chǎn)業(yè)，在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中處于領(lǐng)先地位；民間投資占固定資產(chǎn)投資比重同比提高1.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)；高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和先進(jìn)裝備制造業(yè)增長(zhǎng)均快于工業(yè)整體增長(zhǎng)。

結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整深入推進(jìn)，提高了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量。我們以改革創(chuàng)新為動(dòng)力，一手抓壓減過(guò)剩，尤其是淘汰落后產(chǎn)能，一手抓培育新的增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)，推進(jìn)企業(yè)兼并重組，加大節(jié)能減排力度，促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)體新陳代謝。上半年，高耗能、高排放行業(yè)投資和生產(chǎn)增速明顯放慢，單位GDP能耗同比下降4.2%，碳排放強(qiáng)度下降5%左右，是多年來(lái)降幅最大的。實(shí)現(xiàn)同樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)率，對(duì)煤電油運(yùn)的依賴(lài)比以往小了。

經(jīng)濟(jì)總體平穩(wěn)、穩(wěn)中提質(zhì)，重要的是在區(qū)間調(diào)控下實(shí)施了定向調(diào)控。我們抓住經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，更多運(yùn)用改革創(chuàng)新的辦法，聚焦在“激活力、補(bǔ)短板、強(qiáng)實(shí)體”上，精準(zhǔn)發(fā)力，定向施策。這實(shí)際上是一種結(jié)構(gòu)性調(diào)控，既包括改革，也包括調(diào)整。努力使市場(chǎng)在資源配置中起決定性作用，大力破除市場(chǎng)障礙；更好發(fā)揮政府作用，努力促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平。我們積極平衡國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外需求，協(xié)調(diào)區(qū)域發(fā)展，縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距，穩(wěn)定農(nóng)產(chǎn)品[0.87% 資金 研報(bào)]供給。幾個(gè)月來(lái)，加強(qiáng)了中西部鐵路、棚戶區(qū)改造、污染防治等民生和發(fā)展工程建設(shè)，擴(kuò)大的都是長(zhǎng)期制約我們平衡發(fā)展的“瓶頸”，有力地支持了新型城鎮(zhèn)化，也有效增加了公共產(chǎn)品供給。

在經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的新常態(tài)下，我們保持定力、深處著力，更加關(guān)注結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整等長(zhǎng)期問(wèn)題，不隨單項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的短期小幅波動(dòng)而起舞。比如，7、8月份用電量、貨運(yùn)量等指標(biāo)出現(xiàn)一些波動(dòng)，這是難以避免的，也是預(yù)料之中的，因?yàn)閲?guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)仍然復(fù)雜多變。而去年下半年，我們發(fā)展的基數(shù)又比較高。看中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)，不能只看眼前、看局部、看“單科”，更要看趨勢(shì)、看全局、看“總分”。我們堅(jiān)持區(qū)間調(diào)控的基本思路，只要經(jīng)濟(jì)增速保持在7.5%左右，高一點(diǎn)，低一點(diǎn)，都屬于合理區(qū)間。尤其應(yīng)當(dāng)看到，穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)是為了保就業(yè)，調(diào)控的下限是比較充分的就業(yè)。

隨著總量擴(kuò)大，尤其是服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的就業(yè)容量擴(kuò)大了，對(duì)波動(dòng)的容忍度也提高了。還要看到，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)有巨大韌性、潛力和回旋余地，我們采取的措施既利當(dāng)前、更惠長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)，有能力防范出現(xiàn)大的起伏，更不會(huì)發(fā)生“硬著陸”。當(dāng)然，并不是說(shuō)我們?cè)诎l(fā)展中沒(méi)有困難、沒(méi)有挑戰(zhàn)，相反，我們遇到的困難和挑戰(zhàn)依然是艱巨的。

今年后四個(gè)月，我們將統(tǒng)籌穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、促改革、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、惠民生、防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，不斷完善和創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控思路和方式，在區(qū)間調(diào)控的基礎(chǔ)上加強(qiáng)定向調(diào)控，推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革與調(diào)整，抱定壯士斷腕、背水一戰(zhàn)的決心，推動(dòng)牽一發(fā)而動(dòng)全身的重點(diǎn)改革，著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)解決眼前問(wèn)題。一是繼續(xù)從政府自身革命做起，進(jìn)一步加大簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)力度，深化財(cái)稅改革，推進(jìn)預(yù)算管理制度改革，使公共資金公平有效地使用。

繼續(xù)支持服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展，尤其是擴(kuò)大“營(yíng)改增”試點(diǎn)；深化金融改革，推進(jìn)民營(yíng)銀行試點(diǎn)工作，清理規(guī)范金融業(yè)準(zhǔn)入限制，推進(jìn)多層次資本市場(chǎng)發(fā)展；深化國(guó)有企業(yè)改革，推進(jìn)價(jià)格改革，完善能源產(chǎn)品、藥品和醫(yī)療服務(wù)價(jià)格形成機(jī)制；深化投資體制改革，推進(jìn)政府購(gòu)買(mǎi)服務(wù)、公私合作模式和特許經(jīng)營(yíng)制度。

二是繼續(xù)圍繞破解深層次結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾，進(jìn)一步增加公共產(chǎn)品有效供給，以帶動(dòng)有效需求，補(bǔ)上投資的短板，擴(kuò)大居民消費(fèi)，拓展新的增長(zhǎng)領(lǐng)域。三是繼續(xù)用好和盤(pán)活財(cái)政金融增量與存量資金，進(jìn)一步加大對(duì)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)和新興產(chǎn)業(yè)、新興業(yè)態(tài)的支持力度，更多惠及“三農(nóng)”、小微企業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)。通過(guò)我們的努力，把“改革的紅利”轉(zhuǎn)化為“發(fā)展新動(dòng)能”“民生新福祉”。中國(guó)有信心有能力也有條件不斷克服前進(jìn)中的困難，實(shí)現(xiàn)今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)。

女士們、先生們！中國(guó)還是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，必須始終堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心。發(fā)展是硬道理，是解決一切問(wèn)題的根本。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式不轉(zhuǎn)變不行，經(jīng)濟(jì)不適度發(fā)展也不行。當(dāng)然，我們所說(shuō)的發(fā)展，是就業(yè)和收入增加的發(fā)展，是質(zhì)量效益提高和節(jié)能環(huán)保的發(fā)展，也就是符合經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律、社會(huì)規(guī)律和自然規(guī)律的科學(xué)發(fā)展。

第五篇：溫總理2009冬季達(dá)沃斯論壇演講節(jié)選

尊敬的施瓦布主席，女士們，先生們，朋友們：

我首先在中國(guó)牛年到來(lái)的時(shí)候給大家拜年。牛年象征著勤勞、奉獻(xiàn)和富足，我衷心祝愿我們這個(gè)世界在牛年經(jīng)濟(jì)得以復(fù)蘇和發(fā)展，人民幸福安康。

我很高興出席世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇2009年年會(huì)，并發(fā)表特別致辭。首先，我要感謝施瓦布主席的盛情邀請(qǐng)和周到安排。本屆年會(huì)意義特殊，在歷史罕見(jiàn)的國(guó)際金融危機(jī)之中，各國(guó)政要、企業(yè)家和專(zhuān)家學(xué)者聚集在這里，圍繞“重塑危機(jī)后的世界”這一主題，共同探討維護(hù)國(guó)際金融穩(wěn)定、促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的舉措，探索全球綜合治理之道，既有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義，也體現(xiàn)了會(huì)議舉辦者的遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)卓識(shí)。各方面熱切期盼從這里聽(tīng)到富有智慧的聲音，凝聚戰(zhàn)勝危機(jī)的力量。我們有責(zé)任向世界傳遞信心、勇氣和希望。我預(yù)祝本屆年會(huì)取得成功!

我們正在經(jīng)歷的這場(chǎng)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)，使世界經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入上世紀(jì)大蕭條以來(lái)最困難的境地。各國(guó)和國(guó)際社會(huì)紛紛采取積極應(yīng)對(duì)措施，對(duì)提振信心、緩解危機(jī)、防止金融體系崩潰和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)深度衰退起到了重要作用。這場(chǎng)危機(jī)的原因是多方面的。主要是：有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)體宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策不當(dāng)、長(zhǎng)期低儲(chǔ)蓄高消費(fèi)的發(fā)展模式難以為繼;金融機(jī)構(gòu)片面追逐利潤(rùn)而過(guò)度擴(kuò)張;金融及評(píng)級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)缺乏自律，導(dǎo)致風(fēng)險(xiǎn)信息和資產(chǎn)定價(jià)失真;金融監(jiān)管能力與金融創(chuàng)新不匹配，金融衍生品風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不斷積聚和擴(kuò)散。“吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。”我們必須從中認(rèn)真吸取教訓(xùn)，正確處理儲(chǔ)蓄與消費(fèi)的關(guān)系，金融創(chuàng)新與金融監(jiān)管的關(guān)系，虛擬經(jīng)濟(jì)與實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)的關(guān)系，從根本上找到化解危機(jī)之策。

坦率地說(shuō)，這場(chǎng)危機(jī)對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)也造成較大沖擊，我們正面臨嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。主要是：外部需求明顯收縮，部分行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩，企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)困難，城鎮(zhèn)失業(yè)人員增多，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)下行的壓力明顯加大。

中國(guó)作為一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的大國(guó)，在危機(jī)中采取了積極負(fù)責(zé)的態(tài)度。我們把擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)有效需求特別是消費(fèi)需求作為促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的基本立足點(diǎn)。及時(shí)調(diào)整宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策取向，果斷實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，迅速出臺(tái)擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)需求的十項(xiàng)措施，陸續(xù)制定和實(shí)施一系列政策，形成了系統(tǒng)完整的促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的一攬子計(jì)劃。這個(gè)計(jì)劃包括：

一是大規(guī)模增加政府支出和實(shí)施結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅。中國(guó)政府推出了總額達(dá)4萬(wàn)億的兩年計(jì)劃，規(guī)模相當(dāng)于2007年中國(guó)GDp的16%。

主要投向保障性安居工程、農(nóng)村民生工程、鐵路交通等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、生態(tài)環(huán)保等方面的建設(shè)和地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建，這里既有“十一五”規(guī)劃內(nèi)加快實(shí)施的項(xiàng)目，也有根據(jù)發(fā)展需要新增的項(xiàng)目。這個(gè)計(jì)劃經(jīng)過(guò)了科學(xué)論證，在資金保證上作了周密的安排，其中中央政府計(jì)劃投資1.18萬(wàn)億元，并帶動(dòng)地方和社會(huì)資金參與建設(shè)。中國(guó)政府還推出了大規(guī)模的減稅計(jì)劃，主要是全面實(shí)施增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型，出臺(tái)中小企業(yè)、房地產(chǎn)交易相關(guān)稅收優(yōu)惠政策等措施，取消和停征100項(xiàng)行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)，一年可減輕企業(yè)和居民負(fù)擔(dān)約5000億元。

二是大頻度降息和增加銀行體系流動(dòng)性。中央銀行連續(xù)5次下調(diào)金融機(jī)構(gòu)存貸款利率，其中一年期存、貸款基準(zhǔn)利率累計(jì)分別下調(diào)1.89和2.16個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，大幅度減輕企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)。連續(xù)4次下調(diào)存款準(zhǔn)備金率，大型金融機(jī)構(gòu)累計(jì)下調(diào)2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，中小型金融機(jī)構(gòu)累計(jì)下調(diào)4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，共釋放流動(dòng)性約8000億元，使商業(yè)銀行可用資金大幅增加。我們還出臺(tái)一系列金融促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的政策措施，擴(kuò)大貸款總量，優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)，加大對(duì)“三農(nóng)”、中小企業(yè)等方面的金融支持。

三是大范圍實(shí)施產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃。我們抓住機(jī)遇全面推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和優(yōu)化升級(jí)，制定汽車(chē)、鋼鐵等重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)的調(diào)整和振興規(guī)劃，既著眼于解決企業(yè)當(dāng)前存在的困難，又致力于產(chǎn)業(yè)的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展。采取有力措施，推進(jìn)企業(yè)兼并重組，淘汰落后產(chǎn)能，發(fā)展先進(jìn)生產(chǎn)力，提高產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度和資源配置效率。我們鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步和技術(shù)改造，支持企業(yè)廣泛應(yīng)用新技術(shù)、新工藝、新設(shè)備、新材料，調(diào)整產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)，開(kāi)發(fā)適銷(xiāo)對(duì)路的產(chǎn)品，提高生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)水平。我們不斷完善和落實(shí)金融支持政策，健全信用擔(dān)保體系，放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入，支持中小企業(yè)發(fā)展。

四是大力度推進(jìn)科技創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)改造。加快實(shí)施國(guó)家中長(zhǎng)期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃，特別是16個(gè)重大專(zhuān)項(xiàng)，突破一批核心技術(shù)和關(guān)鍵共性技術(shù)，為中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)在更高水平上實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供科技支撐。推動(dòng)發(fā)展高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)群，創(chuàng)造新的社會(huì)需求，培育新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。

五是大幅度提高社會(huì)保障水平。我們加快完善社會(huì)保障體系，繼續(xù)提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金，提高失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)金和工傷保險(xiǎn)金的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，提高城鄉(xiāng)低保、農(nóng)村五保等保障水平，提高優(yōu)撫對(duì)象撫恤和生活補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。今年，中央財(cái)政用于社會(huì)保障和就業(yè)的資金投入增幅將大大高于財(cái)政收入的增幅。

我們積極推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革，力爭(zhēng)用三年時(shí)間基本建成覆蓋全國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)的基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度，初步實(shí)現(xiàn)人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)，預(yù)計(jì)三年內(nèi)各級(jí)政府將為此投入8500億元。我們堅(jiān)持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育，正在制度國(guó)家中長(zhǎng)期教育改革和規(guī)劃發(fā)展綱要。

今年將進(jìn)一步提高農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育公用經(jīng)費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加大對(duì)家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生的資助，提高中小學(xué)教師待遇，繼續(xù)促進(jìn)教育公平和優(yōu)化教育結(jié)構(gòu)。我們實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。特別是出臺(tái)了大學(xué)畢業(yè)生和農(nóng)民工就業(yè)的各項(xiàng)措施，進(jìn)一步開(kāi)辟公益性就業(yè)崗位，千方百計(jì)減緩金融危機(jī)對(duì)就業(yè)的影響。

總的看，這些重大政策措施，注重標(biāo)本兼治、遠(yuǎn)近結(jié)合、綜合協(xié)調(diào)、相互促進(jìn)，把擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)需求、調(diào)整振興產(chǎn)業(yè)、推進(jìn)科技創(chuàng)新、加強(qiáng)社會(huì)保障結(jié)合起來(lái)，把增加投資和刺激消費(fèi)結(jié)合起來(lái)，把克服當(dāng)前困難和促進(jìn)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展結(jié)合起來(lái)，把拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和改善民生結(jié)合起來(lái)，對(duì)于動(dòng)員全社會(huì)力量共同應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)，起到了關(guān)鍵性作用。

當(dāng)前中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)總體上是好的。經(jīng)過(guò)努力，在戰(zhàn)勝兩場(chǎng)突如其來(lái)的特大自然災(zāi)害的同時(shí)，2008年中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)保持了平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)9%，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格基本穩(wěn)定;糧食連續(xù)5年豐收，總產(chǎn)量達(dá)到5.28億噸;城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè) 1113萬(wàn)人，城鄉(xiāng)居民收入持續(xù)增加;金融體系穩(wěn)健運(yùn)行，銀行體系流動(dòng)性和信貸資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量保持在較好水平。作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中大國(guó)，中國(guó)把自己的事情辦好，有利于提振對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的信心，有利于減緩國(guó)際金融危機(jī)擴(kuò)散蔓延趨勢(shì)，有利于增加中國(guó)的進(jìn)口和對(duì)外投資，拉動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，給其他國(guó)家提供更多發(fā)展機(jī)遇和就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)保持平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，對(duì)維護(hù)國(guó)際金融穩(wěn)定和促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。

Fifth, substantially raise the level of social security.We have accelerated the improvement of social safety net.We will continue to increase basic pension for enterprise retirees and upgrade the standard of unemployment insurance and workers' compensation.We will raise the level of basic cost of living allowances in both urban and rural areas, welfare allowances for those rural residents without family support and the special allowances and assistance to entitled groups.This year, the central budget for social security and employment will increase at a much higher rate than the growth of the overall fiscal revenue.We are advancing the reform of the medical and health system and working to put in place a nationwide basic medical and health system covering both urban and rural areas within three years and achieve the goal of everyone having access to basic medical and health service.It is estimated that governments at all levels will invest RMB 850 billion for this purpose.We give priority to education and are now working on the Guidelines of the National program for Medium-and Long-Term Educational Reform and Development.This year, we will increase public funds for compulsory education in rural areas, offer more financial support to students from poor families and improve the well-being of middle and primary school teachers so as to promote equity in education and optimize the educational structure.We are using every possible means to lessen the impact of the financial crisis on employment.We are following a more active employment policy.In particular, we have introduced various policy measures to help college graduates and migrant workers find jobs and provided more government-funded jobs in public service.These major policy measures as a whole target both symptoms and root causes, and address both immediate and long-term concerns.They represent a holistic approach and are mutually reinforcing.They are designed to address the need to boost domestic demand, readjust and reinvigorate industries, encourage scientific innovation and strengthen social security.They are designed to stimulate consumption through increased investment, overcome the current difficulties with long-term development in mind, and promote economic growth in the interest of people's livelihood.These measures can mobilize all resources to meet the current crisis.China's economy is in good shape on the whole.We managed to maintain steady and relatively fast economic growth in 2008 despite two unexpected massive natural disasters.Our GDp grew by 9 percent.CpI was basically stable.We had a good grain harvest for the fifth consecutive year, with a total output of 528.5 million tons.Eleven million and one hundred and thirty thousand new jobs were created in cities and towns.Household income in both urban and rural areas continued to rise.The financial system functioned well and the banking system kept its liquidity and credit asset quality at a healthy level.When China, a large developing country, runs its affairs well, it can help restore confidence in global economic growth and curb the spread of the international financial crisis.It will also help increase China's imports and outbound investment, boost world economic growth and create more development and job opportunities for other countries.Steady and fast growth of China's economy is in itself an important contribution to global financial stability and world economic growth.