第一篇：奧巴馬在哥本哈根氣候大會的上的講話

2009年12月18日，在哥本哈根聯合國氣候變化大會（United Nations Climate Change Conference）發表講話，闡述美國在氣候變化問題上的立場和采取的行

動。以下是講話全文:

Remarks by President Obama at the Morning Plenary Session of the United Nations Climate Change Conference Bella Center, Copenhagen, Denmark

December 18, 2009 奧巴馬總統在聯合國氣候變化大會當天上午的全體會議上發表講話

貝拉中心，丹麥，哥本哈根

2009年12月18日

Good morning.It is an honor for me to join this distinguished group of leaders from nations around the world.We come here in Copenhagen because climate change poses a grave and growing danger to our people.All of you would not be here unless you — like me — were convinced that this danger is real.This is not fiction, it is science.Unchecked, climate change will pose unacceptable risks to our security, our economies, and our planet.This much we know.早上好。十分榮幸能與世界各國尊貴的領導人匯聚一堂。我們來到哥本哈根，是因為氣候變化對各國人民構成的嚴重威脅與日俱增。諸位如果不相信這一危險確實存在，你們──同我一樣──都不會來到這里。這不是憑空虛構，這是科學。如果不加以制止，氣候變化就將對我們的安全、我們的經濟和我們的地球構成不可接受的危險。對此我們都了然于胸。

The question, then, before us is no longer the nature of the challenge--the question is our capacity to meet it.For while the reality of climate change is not in doubt, I have to be honest, as the world watches us today, I think our ability to take collective action is in doubt right now, and it hangs in the balance.因此，我們面臨的問題不再是這一挑戰的性質，而是我們應對這一挑戰的能力。因為盡管氣候變化的現實已無庸置疑，但恕我直言，在今天全世界都注視著我們的時候，我認為現在我們共同采取行動的能力還難以確定。這個問題事關生死存亡。

I believe we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of a common threat.That's why I come here today — not to talk, but to act.(Applause.)我相信面對這一共同威脅，我們能夠采取勇敢、果斷的行動。這就是我為什么來到這里的原因──不是為了高談闊論，而是為了付諸行動。（掌聲）Now, as the world's largest economy and as the world's second largest emitter, America bears our responsibility to address climate change, and we intend to meet that responsibility.That's why we've renewed our leadership within international climate change negotiations.That's why we've worked with other nations to phase out fossil fuel subsidies.That's why we've taken bold action at home — by making historic investments in renewable energy;by putting our people to work increasing efficiency in our homes and buildings;and by pursuing comprehensive legislation to transform to a clean energy economy.作為全世界最大的經濟體和排放量名列第二的國家，美國在應對氣候變化方面有自己的一份責任，我們準備盡這份責任。這就是為什么我們重新在國際氣候變化談判中發揮主導作用的原因。這就是為什么我們與其他國家共同努力，逐步取消化石燃料補貼的原因。這就是為什么我們在國內采取果敢行動的原因──對可再生能源進行前所未有的投資；要求我國相關人員努力提高住宅和建筑物的能效；并爭取通過綜合立法向清潔能源經濟轉化。

These mitigation actions are ambitious, and we are taking them not simply to meet global responsibilities.We are convinced, as some of you may be convinced, that changing the way we produce and use energy is essential to America's economic future — that it will create millions of new jobs, power new industries, keep us competitive, and spark new innovation.We're convinced, for our own self-interest, that the way we use energy, changing it to a more efficient fashion, is essential to our national security, because it helps to reduce our dependence on foreign oil, and helps us deal with some of the dangers posed by climate change.這些減排行動意義深遠。我們采取這些行動不僅是為了履行全球責任。我們相信──或許你們有些人也相信──改變我們生產和使用能源的方式對美國經濟的未來必不可少。這樣做將創造數以百萬計新的就業崗位，為新興行業提供動力，保持我們的競爭能力并激發新的創新。我們深信，為了我們的自身利益，我們使用能源的方式，使之向提高效率的方向轉換，對我們的國家安全必不可少，因為這樣做有助于減少我們對外來石油的依賴，也有助于應對氣候變化構成的某些危險。

So I want this plenary session to understand, America is going to continue on this course of action to mitigate our emissions and to move towards a clean energy economy, no matter what happens here in Copenhagen.We think it is good for us, as well as good for the world.But we also believe that we will all be stronger, all be safer, all be more secure if we act together.That's why it is in our mutual interest to achieve a global accord in which we agree to certain steps, and to hold each other accountable to certain commitments.因此，我希望本次全會的與會者知道，無論哥本哈根大會的結果如何，美國將繼續采取這一行動方針，減少我們的排放，向清潔能源經濟的目標前進。我們認為，這對我們本身有利，也對全世界有利。然而，我們也認為，如果我們能共同采取行動，我們大家都會更強大，更安全，更有保障。正因為如此，達成一項各方都同意采取某些步驟并相互要求對某些承諾負責的全球性協議，符合我們的共同利益。

After months of talk, after two weeks of negotiations, after innumerable side meetings, bilateral meetings, endless hours of discussion among negotiators, I believe that the pieces of that accord should now be clear.經過幾個月的討論，經過兩個星期的談判，經過大量會外的會談、雙邊會晤和談判人員日以繼夜的磋商，我相信這項協議各個方面的內容應該已經很明確。First, all major economies must put forward decisive national actions that will reduce their emissions, and begin to turn the corner on climate change.I'm pleased that many of us have already done so.Almost all the major economies have put forward legitimate targets, significant targets, ambitious targets.And I'm confident that America will fulfill the commitments that we have made: cutting our emissions in the range of 17 percent by 2020, and by more than 80 percent by 2050 in line with final legislation.首先，所有的主要經濟體必須提出明確的國家行動減少各自的排放量，著手在氣候變化問題上開創新局面。令我高興的是，我們已經有很多國家這樣做了。幾乎所有的主要經濟體都已提出合理的目標，重大的目標，意義深遠的目標。我堅信，美國將履行已經做出的承諾：到2020年減排17%，到2050年減排80%以上，使之符合最后通過的法案。

Second, we must have a mechanism to review whether we are keeping our commitments, and exchange this information in a transparent manner.These measures need not be intrusive, or infringe upon sovereignty.They must, however, ensure that an accord is credible, and that we're living up to our obligations.Without such accountability, any agreement would be empty words on a page.第二，我們必須建立一種機制審查我們是否信守自己的承諾，并以透明的方式交流這方面的信息。這些措施不必具有干預性，無需涉及主權。但這些措施必須確保達成的協議言而有信，確保我們都在履行自己的義務。沒有這種問責制度，任何協議都只是一紙空文。

I don't know how you have an international agreement where we all are not sharing information and ensuring that we are meeting our commitments.That doesn't make sense.It would be a hollow victory.令我無法想象的是，對于達成的國際協議，各方可以不共享信息，也不保證履行各自的承諾。這種協議簡直毫無意義，只能是徒有虛名。

Number three, we must have financing that helps developing countries adapt, particularly the least developed and most vulnerable countries to climate change.America will be a part of fast-start funding that will ramp up to $10 billion by 2012.And yesterday, Secretary Hillary Clinton, my Secretary of State, made it clear that we will engage in a global effort to mobilize $100 billion in financing by 2020, if — and only if — it is part of a broader accord that I have just described.第三，我們必須籌集資金，幫助發展中國家適應氣候變化，特別是那些最不發達和最容易受氣候變化影響的國家。美國將參與一項快速啟動融資項目。到2012年，該項目將籌集100億美元。昨天，國務卿希拉里·克林頓（Hillary Clinton）明確表示，我們將參與全球行動，到2020年籌集1,000億美元資金，前提是──只有在這個前提下──這項計劃必須納入我剛才談到的更全面的協議。Mitigation.Transparency.Financing.It's a clear formula — one that embraces the principle of common but differentiated responses and respective capabilities.And it adds up to a significant accord--one that takes us farther than we have ever gone before as an international community.減排。透明。融資。這是一個明確的方案──其原則是，共同應對，措施有別，各盡其能。所有這些構筑了一個重要的協議──可以讓我們的國際社會取得前所未有的進展。

I just want to say to this plenary session that we are running short on time.And at this point, the question is whether we will move forward together or split apart, whether we prefer posturing to action.I'm sure that many consider this an imperfect framework that I just described.No country will get everything that it wants.There are those developing countries that want aid with no strings attached, and no obligations with respect to transparency.They think that the most advanced nations should pay a higher price;I understand that.There are those advanced nations who think that developing countries either cannot absorb this assistance, or that will not be held accountable effectively, and that the world's fastest-growing emitters should bear a greater share of the burden.在這次全會上，我只想說，我們的時間所剩無幾。在這個關頭，問題在于我們是共同奮進，還是分道揚鑣；我們是故作姿態，還是身體力行。我相信，許多人認為我剛才講述的框架并不完美。任何國家都不可能得到自己希望的一切。有些發展中國家想得到援助，又不想滿足任何條件，不想承擔保持透明的義務。他們認為最發達的國家應該付出更高的代價；我理解這一點。有些發達國家則認為發展中國家或者沒有能力利用這些援助，或者無法有效地承擔責任，因此世界上增長最快的排放國應該承擔更大的責任。

We know the fault lines because we've been imprisoned by them for years.These international discussions have essentially taken place now for almost two decades, and we have very little to show for it other than an increased acceleration of the climate change phenomenon.The time for talk is over.This is the bottom line: We can embrace this accord, take a substantial step forward, continue to refine it and build upon its foundation.We can do that, and everyone who is in this room will be part of a historic endeavor — one that makes life better for our children and our grandchildren.我們知道存在這些分歧，因為我們已經多年受這些分歧的制約。這樣的國際討論到現在已經進行了幾乎20年，除了氣候變化現象的加速，我們沒有取得什么結果。空談該結束了。我們的底線是：我們接受這個協議，向前邁出實質性的一步，繼續使之完善，在這個基礎上再接再勵。我們能夠這樣做。在座的每一位都能親身參與這項前所未有的事業──為了改善我們子孫萬代的生活。

Or we can choose delay, falling back into the same divisions that have stood in the way of action for years.And we will be back having the same stale arguments month after month, year after year, perhaps decade after decade, all while the danger of climate change grows until it is irreversible.否則，我們只能繼續拖延，保持多年來阻礙我們采取行動的分裂狀態。月復一月，年復一年，或許再經過十幾二十年，我們又將進行同樣的老生常談。與此同時氣候變化的危險將發展到不可收拾的地步。Ladies and gentlemen, 女士們，先生們，There is no time to waste.America has made our choice.We have charted our course.We have made our commitments.We will do what we say.Now I believe it's the time for the nations and the people of the world to come together behind a common purpose.時不我待。美國已經做出了我們的選擇。我們已經規劃了我們的路線。我們已經表達了我們的承諾。我們言出必行。我們認為，現在全世界各國和人民應該為了一個共同的目標齊心協力。

We are ready to get this done today — but there has to be movement on all sides to recognize that it is better for us to act than to talk;it’s better for us to choose action over inaction;the future over the past — and with courage and faith, I believe that we can meet our responsibility to our people, and the future of our planet.Thank you very much.(Applause.)我們準備今天完成這個工作──但所有各方必須行動起來，認識到言辭不如行動；無所作為不如有所行動；拘囿于過去不如著眼于未來──只要有勇氣，只要有信心，我相信我們能夠肩負起對人民，對我們星球未來的責任。非常感謝。（掌聲）

第二篇：奧巴馬在哥本哈根氣候峰會的講話

奧巴馬在哥本哈根氣候峰會的講話（中英對照）

Good morning.It is an honor for me to join this distinguished group of leaders from nations around the world.We come here in Copenhagen because climate change poses a grave and growing danger to our people.All of you would not be here unless you — like me — were convinced that this danger is real.This is not fiction, it is science.Unchecked, climate change will pose unacceptable risks to our security, our economies, and our planet.This much we know.早上好。十分榮幸能與世界各國尊貴的領導人匯聚一堂。我們來到哥本哈根，是因為氣候變化對各國人民構成的嚴重威脅與日俱增。諸位如果不相信這一危險確實存在，你們──同我一樣──都不會來到這里。這不是憑空虛構，這是科學。如果不加以制止，氣候變化就將對我們的安全、我們的經濟和我們的地球構成不可接受的危險。對此我們都了然于胸。

The question, then, before us is no longer the nature of the challenge--the question is our capacity to meet it.For while the reality of climate change is not in doubt, I have to be honest, as the world watches us today, I think our ability to take collective action is in doubt right now, and it hangs in the balance.因此，我們面臨的問題不再是這一挑戰的性質，而是我們應對這一挑戰的能力。因為盡管氣候變化的現實已無庸置疑，但恕我直言，在今天全世界都注視著我們的時候，我認為現在我們共同采取行動的能力還難以確定。這個問題事關生死存亡。

I believe we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of a common threat.That's why I come here today — not to talk, but to act.(Applause.)

我相信面對這一共同威脅，我們能夠采取勇敢、果斷的行動。這就是我為什么來到這里的原因──不是為了高談闊論，而是為了付諸行動。（掌聲）

Now, as the world's largest economy and as the world's second largest emitter, America bears our responsibility to address climate change, and we intend to meet that responsibility.That's why we've renewed our leadership within international climate change negotiations.That's why we've worked with other nations to phase out fossil fuel subsidies.That's why we've taken bold action at home — by making historic investments in renewable energy;by putting our people to work increasing efficiency in our homes and buildings;and by pursuing comprehensive legislation to transform to a clean energy economy.作為全世界最大的經濟體和排放量名列第二的國家，美國在應對氣候變化方面有自己的一份責任，我們準備盡這份責任。這就是為什么我們重新在國際氣候變化談判中發揮主導作用的原因。這就是為什么我們與其他國家共同努力，逐步取消化石燃料補貼的原因。這就是為什么我們在國內采取果敢行動的原因──對可再生能源進行前所未有的投資；要求我國相關人員努力提高住宅和建筑物的能效；并爭取通過綜合立法向清潔能源經濟轉化。

These mitigation actions are ambitious, and we are taking them not simply to meet global responsibilities.We are convinced, as some of you may be convinced, that changing the way we produce and use energy is essential to America's economic future — that it will create millions of new jobs, power new industries, keep us competitive, and spark new innovation.We're convinced, for our own self-interest, that the way we use energy, changing it to a more efficient fashion, is essential to our national security, because it helps to reduce our dependence on foreign oil, and helps us deal with some of the dangers posed by climate change.這些減排行動意義深遠。我們采取這些行動不僅是為了履行全球責任。我們相信──或許你們有些人也相信──改變我們生產和使用能源的方式對美國經濟的未來必不可少。這樣做將創造數以百萬計新的就業崗位，為新興行業提供動力，保持我們的競爭能力并激發新的創新。我們深信，為了我們的自身利益，我們使用能源的方式，使之向提高效率的方向轉換，對我們的國家安全必不可少，因為這樣做有助于減少我們對外來石油的依賴，也有助于應對氣候變化構成的某些危險。

So I want this plenary session to understand, America is going to continue on this course of action to mitigate our emissions and to move towards a clean energy economy, no matter what happens here in Copenhagen.We think it is good for us, as well as good for the world.But we also believe that we will all be stronger, all be safer, all be more secure if we act together.That's why it is in our mutual interest to achieve a global accord in which we agree to certain steps, and to hold each other accountable to certain commitments.因此，我希望本次全會的與會者知道，無論哥本哈根大會的結果如何，美國將繼續采取這一行動方針，減少我們的排放，向清潔能源經濟的目標前進。我們認為，這對我們本身有利，也對全世界有利。然而，我們也認為，如果我們能共同采取行動，我們大家都會更強大，更安全，更有保障。正因為如此，達成一項各方都同意采取某些步驟并相互要求對某些承諾負責的全球性協議，符合我們的共同利益。

After months of talk, after two weeks of negotiations, after innumerable side meetings, bilateral meetings, endless hours of discussion among negotiators, I believe that the pieces of that accord should now be clear.經過幾個月的討論，經過兩個星期的談判，經過大量會外的會談、雙邊會晤和談判人員日以繼夜的磋商，我相信這項協議各個方面的內容應該已經很明確。

First, all major economies must put forward decisive national actions that will reduce their emissions, and begin to turn the corner on climate change.I'm pleased that many of us have already done so.Almost all the major economies have put forward legitimate targets, significant targets, ambitious targets.And I'm confident that America will fulfill the commitments that we have made: cutting our emissions in the range of 17 percent by 2020, and by more than 80 percent by 2050 in line with final legislation.首先，所有的主要經濟體必須提出明確的國家行動減少各自的排放量，著手在氣候變化問題上開創新局面。令我高興的是，我們已經有很多國家這樣做了。幾乎所有的主要經濟體都已提出合理的目標，重大的目標，意義深遠的目標。我堅信，美國將履行已經做出的承諾：到2020年減排17%，到2050年減排80%以上，使之符合最后通過的法案。Second, we must have a mechanism to review whether we are keeping our commitments, and exchange this information in a transparent manner.These measures need not be intrusive, or infringe upon sovereignty.They must, however, ensure that an accord is credible, and that we're living up to our obligations.Without such accountability, any agreement would be empty words on a page.第二，我們必須建立一種機制審查我們是否信守自己的承諾，并以透明的方式交流這方面的信息。這些措施不必具有干預性，無需涉及主權。但這些措施必須確保達成的協議言而有信，確保我們都在履行自己的義務。沒有這種問責制度，任何協議都只是一紙空文。

I don't know how you have an international agreement where we all are not sharing information and ensuring that we are meeting our commitments.That doesn't make sense.It would be a hollow victory.令我無法想象的是，對于達成的國際協議，各方可以不共享信息，也不保證履行各自的承諾。這種協議簡直毫無意義，只能是徒有虛名。

Number three, we must have financing that helps developing countries adapt, particularly the least developed and most vulnerable countries to climate change.America will be a part of fast-start funding that will ramp up to $10 billion by 2012.And yesterday, Secretary Hillary Clinton, my Secretary of State, made it clear that we will engage in a global effort to mobilize $100 billion in financing by 2020, if — and only if — it is part of a broader accord that I have just described.第三，我們必須籌集資金，幫助發展中國家適應氣候變化，特別是那些最不發達和最容易受氣候變化影響的國家。美國將參與一項快速啟動融資項目。到2012年，該項目將籌集100億美元。昨天，國務卿希拉里·克林頓（Hillary Clinton）明確表示，我們將參與全球行動，到2020年籌集1,000億美元資金，前提是──只有在這個前提下──這項計劃必須納入我剛才談到的更全面的協議。

Mitigation.Transparency.Financing.It's a clear formula — one that embraces the principle of common but differentiated responses and respective capabilities.And it adds up to a significant accord--one that takes us farther than we have ever gone before as an international community.減排。透明。融資。這是一個明確的方案──其原則是，共同應對，措施有別，各盡其能。所有這些構筑了一個重要的協議──可以讓我們的國際社會取得前所未有的進展。

I just want to say to this plenary session that we are running short on time.And at this point, the question is whether we will move forward together or split apart, whether we prefer posturing to action.I'm sure that many consider this an imperfect framework that I just described.No country will get everything that it wants.There are those developing countries that want aid with no strings attached, and no obligations with respect to transparency.They think that the most advanced nations should pay a higher price;I understand that.There are those advanced nations who think that developing countries either cannot absorb this assistance, or that will not be held accountable effectively, and that the world's fastest-growing emitters should bear a greater share of the burden.在這次全會上，我只想說，我們的時間所剩無幾。在這個關頭，問題在于我們是共同奮進，還是分道揚鑣；我們是故作姿態，還是身體力行。我相信，許多人認為我剛才講述的框架并不完美。任何國家都不可能得到自己希望的一切。有些發展中國家想得到援助，又不想滿足任何條件，不想承擔保持透明的義務。他們認為最發達的國家應該付出更高的代價；我理解這一點。有些發達國家則認為發展中國家或者沒有能力利用這些援助，或者無法有效地承擔責任，因此世界上增長最快的排放國應該承擔更大的責任。

We know the fault lines because we've been imprisoned by them for years.These international discussions have essentially taken place now for almost two decades, and we have very little to show for it other than an increased acceleration of the climate change phenomenon.The time for talk is over.This is the bottom line: We can embrace this accord, take a substantial step forward, continue to refine it and build upon its foundation.We can do that, and everyone who is in this room will be part of a historic endeavor — one that makes life better for our children and our grandchildren.我們知道存在這些分歧，因為我們已經多年受這些分歧的制約。這樣的國際討論到現在已經進行了幾乎20年，除了氣候變化現象的加速，我們沒有取得什么結果。空談該結束了。我們的底線是：我們接受這個協議，向前邁出實質性的一步，繼續使之完善，在這個基礎上再接再勵。我們能夠這樣做。在座的每一位都能親身參與這項前所未有的事業──為了改善我們子孫萬代的生活。

Or we can choose delay, falling back into the same divisions that have stood in the way of action for years.And we will be back having the same stale arguments month after month, year after year, perhaps decade after decade, all while the danger of climate change grows until it is irreversible.否則，我們只能繼續拖延，保持多年來阻礙我們采取行動的分裂狀態。月復一月，年復一年，或許再經過十幾二十年，我們又將進行同樣的老生常談。與此同時氣候變化的危險將發展到不可收拾的地步。

Ladies and gentlemen，女士們，先生們，There is no time to waste.America has made our choice.We have charted our course.We have made our commitments.We will do what we say.Now I believe it's the time for the nations and the people of the world to come together behind a common purpose.時不我待。美國已經做出了我們的選擇。我們已經規劃了我們的路線。我們已經表達了我們的承諾。我們言出必行。我們認為，現在全世界各國和人民應該為了一個共同的目標齊心協力。

We are ready to get this done today — but there has to be movement on all sides to recognize that it is better for us to act than to talk;it’s better for us to choose action over inaction;the future over the past — and with courage and faith, I believe that we can meet our responsibility to our people, and the future of our planet.Thank you very much.(Applause.)

我們準備今天完成這個工作──但所有各方必須行動起來，認識到言辭不如行動；無所作為不如有所行動；拘囿于過去不如著眼于未來──只要有勇氣，只要有信心，我相信我們能夠肩負起對人民，對我們星球未來的責任。非常感謝。（掌聲）

第三篇：奧巴馬在哥本哈根氣候大會的上的講話

2009年12月18日，在哥本哈根聯合國氣候變化大會（United Nations Climate Change Conference）發表講話，闡述美國在氣候變化問題上的立場和采取的行

動。以下是講話全文:

Remarks by President Obama at the Morning Plenary Session of the United Nations Climate Change Conference Bella Center, Copenhagen, Denmark

December 18, 2009 奧巴馬總統在聯合國氣候變化大會當天上午的全體會議上發表講話

貝拉中心，丹麥，哥本哈根

2009年12月18日

Good morning.It is an honor for me to join this distinguished group of leaders from nations around the world.We come here in Copenhagen because climate change poses a grave and growing danger to our people.All of you would not be here unless you — like me — were convinced that this danger is real.This is not fiction, it is science.Unchecked, climate change will pose unacceptable risks to our security, our economies, and our planet.This much we know.早上好。十分榮幸能與世界各國尊貴的領導人匯聚一堂。我們來到哥本哈根，是因為氣候變化對各國人民構成的嚴重威脅與日俱增。諸位如果不相信這一危險確實存在，你們──同我一樣──都不會來到這里。這不是憑空虛構，這是科學。如果不加以制止，氣候變化就將對我們的安全、我們的經濟和我們的地球構成不可接受的危險。對此我們都了然于胸。

The question, then, before us is no longer the nature of the challenge--the question is our capacity to meet it.For while the reality of climate change is not in doubt, I have to be honest, as the world watches us today, I think our ability to take collective action is in doubt right now, and it hangs in the balance.因此，我們面臨的問題不再是這一挑戰的性質，而是我們應對這一挑戰的能力。因為盡管氣候變化的現實已無庸置疑，但恕我直言，在今天全世界都注視著我們的時候，我認為現在我們共同采取行動的能力還難以確定。這個問題事關生死存亡。

I believe we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of a common threat.That's why I come here today — not to talk, but to act.(Applause.)我相信面對這一共同威脅，我們能夠采取勇敢、果斷的行動。這就是我為什么來到這里的原因──不是為了高談闊論，而是為了付諸行動。（掌聲）After months of talk, after two weeks of negotiations, after innumerable side meetings, bilateral meetings, endless hours of discussion among negotiators, I believe that the pieces of that accord should now be clear.經過幾個月的討論，經過兩個星期的談判，經過大量會外的會談、雙邊會晤和談判人員日以繼夜的磋商，我相信這項協議各個方面的內容應該已經很明確。First, all major economies must put forward decisive national actions that will reduce their emissions, and begin to turn the corner on climate change.首先，所有的主要經濟體必須提出明確的國家行動減少各自的排放量，著手在氣候變化問題上開創新局面。

Second, we must have a mechanism to review whether we are keeping our commitments, and exchange this information in a transparent manner.第二，我們必須建立一種機制審查我們是否信守自己的承諾，并以透明的方式交流這方面的信息。

Number three, we must have financing that helps developing countries adapt, particularly the least developed and most vulnerable countries to climate change.第三，我們必須籌集資金，幫助發展中國家適應氣候變化，特別是那些最不發達和最容易受氣候變化影響的國家。Ladies and gentlemen, 女士們，先生們，There is no time to waste.America has made our choice.We have charted our course.We have made our commitments.We will do what we say.Now I believe it's the time for the nations and the people of the world to come together behind a common purpose.時不我待。美國已經做出了我們的選擇。我們已經規劃了我們的路線。我們已經表達了我們的承諾。我們言出必行。我們認為，現在全世界各國和人民應該為了一個共同的目標齊心協力。

We are ready to get this done today — but there has to be movement on all sides to recognize that it is better for us to act than to talk;it’s better for us to choose action over inaction;the future over the past — and with courage and faith, I believe that we can meet our responsibility to our people, and the future of our planet.Thank you very much.我們準備今天完成這個工作──但所有各方必須行動起來，認識到言辭不如行動；無所作為不如有所行動；拘囿于過去不如著眼于未來──只要有勇氣，只要有信心，我相信我們能夠肩負起對人民，對我們星球未來的責任。非常感謝。（掌聲）

第四篇：美國總統奧巴馬在哥本哈根聯合國氣候變化大會上的講話

企業兼并的質疑

1、The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed.The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries withunsurpassed might.Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: “Won't the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?”

世界正在經歷一場前所未有的巨大的并購浪潮。這個浪潮從異常活躍的美國席卷到歐洲，并以不可比擬的威力影響到正在崛起的國家0.3。這些國家的許多人面對這個浪潮開始憂慮：“企業合并的浪潮會不會變成一股不可控制的反競爭的力量？”

2、There's no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful.Multinationalcorporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982.Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly.International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment.In Argentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms.This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.無疑，大企業正在變得更大、更強。跨國公司在1982年只占有國際貿易不到20％的份額。而現在，這個數字上升到25％強，并且還在迅速上升。在那些對外開放并鼓勵外資的國家的經濟中國際分公司在國民生產中成為一個快速增長的部門。比如，在阿根廷，經過90年代初的改革之后，跨國公司在200家大型企業的工業生產中從43％增加到幾乎70％。這個現象造成了人們對小型企業和民族資本的作用 以及世界經濟的最終穩定的嚴重憂慮。

3、I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers' demands.All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers.As productivity grows, the world's wealth increases.我認為，推動這股巨大的并購浪潮的最主要的力量，也是推動全球化進程的力量，包括日趨下降的運輸與通訊費用，較低的貿易與投資壁壘，以及市場的擴大和為滿足市場需求而進行的擴大生產。所有這些對消費者來說都有益而無害的。隨著生產力的提高，世界的財富也在增長。

4、Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration wave are scanty.Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the US, when the Standard Oil trust was broken up.The mergers of telecom companies, such as World Com, hardly seem to bring higher prices for consumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress.On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast.In cars, too, concentration is increasing — witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan — but it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.目前證明這股合并浪潮是帶來利還是弊的實例并不多。但是很難想像當今的幾個石油公司的合并是否會重新造成約100年前美國標準石油公司對競爭造成的同樣的威脅，那時由于人們對該公司的這種擔心而導致了它最終的解散。像世界通訊這樣的通訊公司合并似乎沒有給消費者帶來更高的價格，或者降低技術進步的速度。相反，通信的價格在迅速下降。在汽車行業，合并也同樣在增加——比如戴姆勒與克萊斯勒，雷諾與尼桑的合并——但消費者看起來并未受到傷害。

5、Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched.A few weeks ago, Alan Greenspan warned against the megamergers in the banking industry.Who is going to supervise, regulate and operate as lender of last resort with the gigantic banks that are being created? Won't multinationals shift production from one place to another when a nation gets too strict aboutinfringements to fair competition? And should one country take upon itself the role of “defending competition” on issues that affect many other nations, as in the US vs.Microsoft case?

但是合并運動必須受到嚴密監視這個事實仍然存在。事實依然未變。就在幾星期以前，格林斯潘對銀行業的巨大合并發出了警告。如果合并后如此巨大的銀行出現，誰來充當最終的借貸者，發揮監督、規范和運作的作用呢？當一個國家對破壞公平競爭的行為的處理過于嚴厲時，跨國公司會不會把它們的生產從一地轉到另一地呢？在那些將會影響許多其他國家的事情中，如美國政府與微軟公司的訴訟案，一個國家是否應該擔負起“保護競爭”的責任呢

美國總統奧巴馬在哥本哈根聯合國氣候變化大會上的講話

2009年12月18日，在哥本哈根聯合國氣候變化大會（United Nations Climate Change Conference）發表講話，闡述美國在氣候變化問題上的立場和采取的行動。以下是講話全文:

Remarks by President Obama at the Morning Plenary Session of the United Nations Climate Change Conference

Bella Center, Copenhagen, Denmark

December 18, 2009 奧巴馬總統在聯合國氣候變化大會當天上午的全體會議上發表講話

貝拉中心，丹麥，哥本哈根

2009年12月18日

Good morning.It is an honor for me to join this distinguished group of leaders from nations around the world.We come here in Copenhagen because climate change poses a grave and growing danger to our people.All of you would not be here unless you — like me — were convinced that this danger is real.This is not fiction, it is science.Unchecked, climate change will pose unacceptable risks to our security, our economies, and our planet.This much we know.早上好。十分榮幸能與世界各國尊貴的領導人匯聚一堂。我們來到哥本哈根，是因為氣候變化對各國人民構成的嚴重威脅與日俱增。諸位如果不相信這一危險確實存在，你們──同我一樣──都不會來到這里。這不是憑空虛構，這是科學。如果不加以制止，氣候變化就將對我們的安全、我們的經濟和我們的地球構成不可接受的危險。對此我們都了然于胸。The question, then, before us is no longer the nature of the challenge--the question is our capacity to meet it.For while the reality of climate change is not in doubt, I have to be honest, as the world watches us today, I think our ability to take collective action is in doubt right now, and it hangs in the balance.因此，我們面臨的問題不再是這一挑戰的性質，而是我們應對這一挑戰的能力。因為盡管氣候變化的現實已無庸置疑，但恕我直言，在今天全世界都注視著我們的時候，我認為現在我們共同采取行動的能力還難以確定。這個問題事關生死存亡。I believe we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of a common threat.That's why I come here today — not to talk, but to act.(Applause)

我相信面對這一共同威脅，我們能夠采取勇敢、果斷的行動。這就是我為什么來到這里的原因──不是為了高談闊論，而是為了付諸行動。（掌聲）

Now, as the world's largest economy and as the world's second largest emitter, America bears our responsibility to address climate change, and we intend to meet that responsibility.That's why we've renewed our leadership within international climate change negotiations.That's why we've worked with other nations to phase out fossil fuel subsidies.That's why we've taken bold action at home — by making historic investments in renewable energy;by putting our people to work increasing efficiency in our homes and buildings;and by pursuing comprehensive legislation to transform to a clean energy economy.作為全世界最大的經濟體和排放量名列第二的國家，美國在應對氣候變化方面有自己的一份責任，我們準備盡這份責任。這就是為什么我們重新在國際氣候變化談判中發揮主導作用的原因。這就是為什么我們與其他國家共同努力，逐步取消化石燃料補貼的原因。這就是為什么我們在國內采取果敢行動的原因──對可再生能源進行前所未有的投資；要求我國相關人員努力提高住宅和建筑物的能效；并爭取通過綜合立法 向 清潔能源經濟 轉化。

These mitigation actions are ambitious, and we are taking them not simply to meet global responsibilities.We are convinced, as some of you may be convinced, that changing the way we produce and use energy is essential to America's economic future — that it will create millions of new jobs, power new industries, keep us competitive, and spark new innovation.We're convinced, for our own self-interest, that the way we use energy, changing it to a more efficient fashion, is essential to our national security, because it helps to reduce our dependence on foreign oil, and helps us deal with some of the dangers posed by climate change.這些減排行動意義深遠。我們采取這些行動不僅是為了履行全球責任。我們相信──或許你們有些人也相信──改變我們生產和使用能源的方式對美國經濟的未來必不可少。這樣做將創造數以百萬計新的就業崗位，為新興行業提供動力，保持我們的競爭能力并激發新的創新。我們深信，為了我們的自身利益，我們使用能源的方式，使之向提高效率的方向轉換，對我們的國家安全必不可少，因為這樣做有助于減少我們對外來石油的依賴，也有助于應對氣候變化構成的某些危險。So I want this plenary session to understand, America is going to continue on this course of action to mitigate our emissions and to move towards a clean energy economy, no matter what happens here in Copenhagen.We think it is good for us, as well as good for the world.But we also believe that we will all be stronger, all be safer, all be more secure if we act together.That's why it is in our mutual interest to achieve a global accord in which we agree to certain steps, and to hold each other accountable to certain commitments.因此，我希望本次全會的與會者知道，無論哥本哈根大會的結果如何，美國將繼續采取這一行動方針，減少我們的排放，向清潔能源經濟的目標前進。我們認為，這對我們本身有利，也對全世界有利。然而，我們也認為，如果我們能共同采取行動，我們大家都會更強大，更安全，更有保障。正因為如此，達成一項各方都同意采取某些步驟 并相互要求對某些承諾負責的 全球性協議，符合我們的共同利益。

After months of talk, after two weeks of negotiations, after innumerable side meetings, bilateral meetings, endless hours of discussion among negotiators, I believe that the pieces of that accord should now be clear.經過幾個月的討論，經過兩個星期的談判，經過大量會外的會談、雙邊會晤和談判人員日以繼夜的磋商，我相信這項協議各個方面的內容應該已經很明確。

First, all major economies must put forward decisive national actions that will reduce their emissions, and begin to turn the corner on climate change.I'm pleased that many of us have already done so.Almost all the major economies have put forward legitimate targets, significant targets, ambitious targets.And I'm confident that America will fulfill the commitments that we have made: cutting our emissions in the range of 17 percent by 2020, and by more than 80 percent by 2050 in line with final legislation.首先，所有的主要經濟體必須提出明確的國家行動減少各自的排放量，著手在氣候變化問題上開創新局面。令我高興的是，我們已經有很多國家這樣做了。幾乎所有的主要經濟體都已提出合理的目標，重大的目標，意義深遠的目標。我堅信，美國將履行已經做出的承諾：到2020年減排17%，到2050年減排80%以上，使之符合最后通過的法案。

Second, we must have a mechanism to review whether we are keeping our commitments, and exchange this information in a transparent manner.These measures need not be intrusive, or infringe upon sovereignty.They must, however, ensure that an accord is credible, and that we're living up to our obligations.Without such accountability, any agreement would be empty words on a page.第二，我們必須建立一種機制審查我們是否信守自己的承諾，并以透明的方式交流這方面的信息。這些措施不必具有干預性，無需涉及主權。但這些措施必須確保達成的協議言而有信，確保我們都在履行自己的義務。沒有這種問責制度，任何協議都只是一紙空文。I don't know how you have an international agreement where we all are not sharing information and ensuring that we are meeting our commitments.That doesn't make sense.It would be a hollow victory.令我無法想象的是，對于達成的國際協議，各方可以不共享信息，也不保證履行各自的承諾。這種協議簡直毫無意義，只能是徒有虛名。

Number three, we must have financing that helps developing countries adapt, particularly the least developed and most vulnerable countries to climate change.America will be a part of fast-start funding that will ramp up to $10 billion by 2012.And yesterday, Secretary Hillary Clinton, my Secretary of State, made it clear that we will engage in a global effort to mobilize $100 billion in financing by 2020, if — and only if — it is part of a broader accord that I have just described.第三，我們必須籌集資金，幫助發展中國家適應氣候變化，特別是那些最不發達和最容易受氣候變化影響的國家。美國將參與一項快速啟動融資項目。到2012年，該項目將籌集100億美元。昨天，國務卿希拉里·克林頓（Hillary Clinton）明確表示，我們將參與全球行動，到2020年籌集1,000億美元資金，前提是──只有在這個前提下──這項計劃必須納入我剛才談到的更全面的協議。

Mitigation，Transparency，Financing.It's a clear formula — one that embraces the principle of common but differentiated responses and respective capabilities.And it adds up to a significant accord--one that takes us farther than we have ever gone before as an international community.減排。透明。融資。這是一個明確的方案──其原則是，共同應對，措施有別，各盡其能。所有這些構筑了一個重要的協議──可以讓我們的國際社會取得前所未有的進展。I just want to say to this plenary session that we are running short on time.And at this point, the question is whether we will move forward together or split apart, whether we prefer posturing to action.I'm sure that many consider this an imperfect framework that I just described.No country will get everything that it wants.There are those developing countries that want aid with no strings attached, and no obligations with respect to transparency.They think that the most advanced nations should pay a higher price;I understand that.There are those advanced nations who think that developing countries either cannot absorb this assistance, or that will not be held accountable effectively, and that the world's fastest-growing emitters should bear a greater share of the burden.在這次全會上，我只想說，我們的時間所剩無幾。在這個關頭，問題在于我們是共同奮進，還是分道揚鑣；我們是故作姿態，還是身體力行。我相信，許多人認為我剛才講述的框架并不完美。任何國家都不可能得到自己希望的一切。有些發展中國家想得到援助，又不想滿足任何條件，不想承擔保持透明的義務。他們認為最發達的國家應該付出更高的代價；我理解這一點。有些發達國家則認為發展中國家或者沒有能力利用這些援助，或者無法有效地承擔責任，因此世界上增長最快的排放國應該承擔更大的責任。We know the fault lines because we've been imprisoned by them for years.These international discussions have essentially taken place now for almost two decades, and we have very little to show for it other than an increased acceleration of the climate change phenomenon.The time for talk is over.This is the bottom line: We can embrace this accord, take a substantial step forward, continue to refine it and build upon its foundation.We can do that, and everyone who is in this room will be part of a historic endeavor — one that makes life better for our children and our grandchildren.我們知道存在這些分歧，因為我們已經多年受這些分歧的制約。這樣的國際討論到現在已經進行了幾乎20年，除了氣候變化現象的加速，我們沒有取得什么結果。空談該結束了。我們的底線是：我們接受這個協議，向前邁出實質性的一步，繼續使之完善，在這個基礎上再接再勵。我們能夠這樣做。在座的每一位都能親身參與這項前所未有的事業──為了改善我們子孫萬代的生活。

Or we can choose delay, falling back into the same divisions that have stood in the way of action for years.And we will be back having the same stale arguments month after month, year after year, perhaps decade after decade, all while the danger of climate change grows until it is irreversible.否則，我們只能繼續拖延，保持多年來阻礙我們采取行動的分裂狀態。月復一月，年復一年，或許再經過十幾二十年，我們又將進行同樣的老生常談。與此同時氣候變化的危險將發展到不可收拾的地步。Ladies and gentlemen, 女士們，先生們，There is no time to waste.America has made our choice.We have charted our course.We have made our commitments.We will do what we say.Now I believe it's the time for the nations and the people of the world to come together behind a common purpose.時不我待。美國已經做出了我們的選擇。我們已經規劃了我們的路線。我們已經表達了我們的承諾。我們言出必行。我們認為，現在全世界各國和人民應該為了一個共同的目標齊心協力。

We are ready to get this done today — but there has to be movement on all sides to recognize that it is better for us to act than to talk;it’s better for us to choose action over inaction;the future over the past — and with courage and faith, I believe that we can meet our responsibility to our people, and the future of our planet.Thank you very much.(Applause)我們準備今天完成這個工作──但所有各方必須行動起來，認識到言辭不如行動；無所作為不如有所行動；拘囿于過去不如著眼于未來──只要有勇氣，只要有信心，我相信我們能夠肩負起對人民，對我們星球未來的責任。非常感謝。（掌聲）

第五篇：奧巴馬哥本哈根氣候變化大會講話

早上好。十分榮幸能與世界各國尊貴的領導人匯聚一堂。我們來到哥本哈根，是因為氣候變化對各國人民構成的嚴重威脅與日俱增。諸位如果不相信這一危險確實存在，你們──同我一樣──都不會來到這里。這不是憑空虛構，這是科學。如果不加以制止，氣候變化就將對我們的安全、我們的經濟和我們的地球構成不可接受的危險。對此我們都了然于胸。

因此，我們面臨的問題不再是這一挑戰的性質，而是我們應對這一挑戰的能力。因為盡管氣候變化的現實已無庸置疑，但恕我直言，在今天全世界都注視著我們的時候，我認為現在我們共同采取行動的能力還難以確定。這個問題事關生死存亡。

我相信面對這一共同威脅，我們能夠采取勇敢、果斷的行動。這就是我為什么來到這里的原因──不是為了高談闊論，而是為了付諸行動。（掌聲）

作為全世界最大的經濟體和排放量名列第二的國家，美國在應對氣候變化方面有自己的一份責任，我們準備盡這份責任。這就是為什么我們重新在國際氣候變化談判中發揮主導作用的原因。這就是為什么我們與其他國家共同努力，逐步取消化石燃料補貼的原因。這就是為什么我們在國內采取果敢行動的原因──對可再生能源進行前所未有的投資；要求我國相關人員努力提高住宅和建筑物的能效；并爭取通過綜合立法向清潔能源經濟轉化。

這些減排行動意義深遠。我們采取這些行動不僅是為了履行全球責任。我們相信──或許你們有些人也相信──改變我們生產和使用能源的方式對美國經濟的未來必不可少。這樣做將創造數以百萬計新的就業崗位，為新興行業提供動力，保持我們的競爭能力并激發新的創新。我們深信，為了我們的自身利益，我們使用能源的方式，使之向提高效率的方向轉換，對我們的國家安全必不可少，因為這樣做有助于減少我們對外來石油的依賴，也有助于應對氣候變化構成的某些危險。

因此，我希望本次全會的與會者知道，無論哥本哈根大會的結果如何，美國將繼續采取這一行動方針，減少我們的排放，向清潔能源經濟的目標前進。我們認為，這對我們本身有利，也對全世界有利。然而，我們也認為，如果我們能共同采取行動，我們大家都會更強大，更安全，更有保障。正因為如此，達成一項各方都同意采取某些步驟并相互要求對某些承諾負責的全球性協議，符合我們的共同利益。

經過幾個月的討論，經過兩個星期的談判，經過大量會外的會談、雙邊會晤和談判人員日以繼夜的磋商，我相信這項協議各個方面的內容應該已經很明確。

首先，所有的主要經濟體必須提出明確的國家行動減少各自的排放量，著手在氣候變化問題上開創新局面。令我高興的是，我們已經有很多國家這樣做了。幾乎所有的主要經濟體都已提出合理的目標，重大的目標，意義深遠的目標。我堅信，美國將履行已經做出的承諾：到2020年減排17%，到2050年減排80%以上，使之符合最后通過的法案。

第二，我們必須建立一種機制審查我們是否信守自己的承諾，并以透明的方式交流這方面的信息。這些措施不必具有干預性，無需涉及主權。但這些措施必須確保達成的協議言而有信，確保我們都在履行自己的義務。沒有這種問責制度，任何協議都只是一紙空文。

令我無法想象的是，對于達成的國際協議，各方可以不共享信息，也不保證履行各自的承諾。這種協議簡直毫無意義，只能是徒有虛名。

第三，我們必須籌集資金，幫助發展中國家適應氣候變化，特別是那些最不發達和最容易受氣候變化影響的國家。美國將參與一項快速啟動融資項目。到2012年，該項目將籌集100億美元。昨天，國務卿希拉里·克林頓（Hillary Clinton）明確表示，我們將參與全球行動，到2020年籌集1,000億美元資金，前提是──只有在這個前提下──這項計劃必須納入我剛才談到的更全面的協議。

減排。透明。融資。這是一個明確的方案──其原則是，共同應對，措施有別，各盡其能。所有這些構筑了一個重要的協議──可以讓我們的國際社會取得前所未有的進展。

在這次全會上，我只想說，我們的時間所剩無幾。在這個關頭，問題在于我們是共同奮進，還是分道揚鑣；我們是故作姿態，還是身體力行。我相信，許多人認為我剛才講述的框架并不完美。任何國家都不可能得到自己希望的一切。有些發展中國家想得到援助，又不想滿足任何條件，不想承擔保持透明的義務。他們認為最發達的國家應該付出更高的代價；我理解這一點。有些發達國家則認為發展中國家或者沒有能力利用這些援助，或者無法有效地承擔責任，因此世界上增長最快的排放國應該承擔更大的責任。

我們知道存在這些分歧，因為我們已經多年受這些分歧的制約。這樣的國際討論到現在已經進行了幾乎20年，除了氣候變化現象的加速，我們沒有取得什么結果。空談該結束了。我們的底線是：我們接受這個協議，向前邁出實質性的一步，繼續使之完善，在這個基礎上再接再勵。我們能夠這樣做。在座的每一位都能親身參與這項前所未有的事業──為了改善我們子孫萬代的生活。

否則，我們只能繼續拖延，保持多年來阻礙我們采取行動的分裂狀態。月復一月，年復一年，或許再經過十幾二十年，我們又將進行同樣的老生常談。與此同時氣候變化的危險將發展到不可收拾的地步。

女士們，先生們，時不我待。美國已經做出了我們的選擇。我們已經規劃了我們的路線。我們已經表達了我們的承諾。我們言出必行。我們認為，現在全世界各國和人民應該為了一個共同的目標齊心協力。

我們準備今天完成這個工作──但所有各方必須行動起來，認識到言辭不如行動；無所作為不如有所行動；拘囿于過去不如著眼于未來──只要有勇氣，只要有信心，我相信我們能夠肩負起對人民，對我們星球未來的責任。非常感謝。（掌聲）