第一篇：韶山導(dǎo)游詞

韶山導(dǎo)游詞

好了，現(xiàn)在請大家注意一下，我們馬上就要進(jìn)入韶山了。大家看，前面有一幅對聯(lián)，左聯(lián)：為有犧牲多壯志，右聯(lián)：敢叫日月?lián)Q新天。大家都知道中國有四大火爐：長沙、南京、武漢、重慶。那么除了四大火爐外，最熱的地方是哪兒呢？對，韶山！因為韶山是紅太陽升起的地方嘛。

韶山旅游區(qū)位于湘潭市、韶山市。1994年被國務(wù)院確定為國家級風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)。總面積214平方公里，人口9.8萬，姓毛的人家占70%。韶山的整個地勢是由西北向東南逐漸傾斜的，東部為丘陵和較為開闊的地帶，西部山峰環(huán)繞，由于長年的封山育林，峰巒一片蔥郁。韶山最高峰韶峰是南岳衡山的第71峰，第72峰是岳麓峰。韶山是一塊風(fēng)水寶地，關(guān)于它的傳說都是美麗的。傳說當(dāng)年舜帝南巡，來到了湖南，來到了韶山，見此風(fēng)景宜人，心情十分愉快。便令隨從奏起了韶樂（當(dāng)時的一種宮庭音樂），這一奏，忽然一瞬間，只見百鳥歡躍，附近的飛禽走獸都聞聲而起，歡歌起舞。由于附近全是山林地帶，后來人們便根據(jù)舜帝用韶樂引來百鳥的故事，這地方叫做韶山。韶山的韶拆開就是音召，正是取這個意思啦。以韶字命名的還有韶山?jīng)_、韶峰、韶河等。韶山的傳說很多，除此之外，還有關(guān)乾隆的。據(jù)說，清朝乾隆曾斷言，他說韶山是塊風(fēng)水寶地，500年內(nèi)必出真命天子，此人的姓必是“反手掌乾坤”。果然不出所料，1893，誕生了我們的一代偉人毛澤東，同時也正巧驗證了乾隆的話。大家可以試著寫一下，把手掌的“手”字最后一筆反過來是什么字，反手掌乾坤就是毛字。

毛主席的母親文氏是湘鄉(xiāng)人，文氏在家中排行老七，別人都叫她文七妹。因為文氏家的祖墳在韶山，為了清明節(jié)上墳的時候有個落腳的地方，文氏的父親就將文七妹嫁到韶山，嫁給了毛主席的父親毛順生。文氏比毛順生大三歲，俗話說：“女大三，抱金磚”，在當(dāng)?shù)孛樕依飾l件還算是可以的。在文氏生下毛澤東的前一天晚上，毛順生做了一個奇怪的夢，夢見一條飛龍翹首東望，遲遲不肯離去。在1893年12月26日一個漆黑的夜晚，電閃雷鳴，狂風(fēng)大作，一代偉人誕生了。毛澤東從小接到外婆家，在外婆家的山后有一塊非常像人形的巨石，人們稱為石觀音，他外婆便把他帶到石觀音面前，拜為干娘，以保佑他茁壯成長，石兒伢子由此而來了。

好了，待會兒，我們要參觀的一個景點，就是毛主席銅像廣場。毛主席銅像高10.1米，重3.7噸。10.1米意味著10月1號，中華人民共和國成立的日子。所以毛主席銅像是取自于開國大典上的一個形象，主席手執(zhí)發(fā)言稿、身穿中山裝、面帶微笑。韶山?jīng)_的沖意就是山谷中的一塊平地，那么毛主席銅像廣場就處于韶山?jīng)_這塊平地的中心部位。毛主席銅像由南京晨光制造廠制造，由我國為著名雕刻家劉開梁和程允賢先生雕刻，歷時120天。毛主席銅像于1993年12月6日從南京啟運，一路經(jīng)江蘇、安徽、湖北、江西進(jìn)入湖南。當(dāng)運載毛主席銅像的汽車隊開到江西井崗山的時候，突然汽車熄火了。司機(jī)們反復(fù)檢修也沒查出什么問題。這時一位70多歲的老表說：“井崗山是毛主席最早走出深山，拿起槍桿子鬧革命的地方，他老人家想在這兒住一晚看一看?！钡搅说诙?，車子沒有經(jīng)過任何檢修，奇跡般地可以開動了。在江西與湖南交界處的一個“人”字型山坡上，天正下著瓢潑大雨，進(jìn)井崗山的路很滑，一百多輛車子都受到了不同程度的損傷，有的根本走不動，只有運載銅像的車子很順利，安然無恙地開過了井崗山。當(dāng)有記者問起司機(jī)時，司機(jī)說：“我想是得到毛主席的保佑了?！彼袁F(xiàn)在很多的司機(jī)都有在車子前面掛一個毛主席小像章，以求一路平安。

第二篇：韶山導(dǎo)游詞

俗話說得好：“十修得同船渡，百年修得共枕眠”，用現(xiàn)船少了，車多了，所以是“百年修得同車行”，我們今天能坐在同一輛車?yán)?，可是百年才修來的緣分啊！能認(rèn)識大家，我感到十分榮幸。

我謹(jǐn)代表熱情好客的700多萬長沙人民，**旅行社全體同仁，司機(jī)師傅和我本人表示對各位朋友最真摯的歡迎！

那我先自報一下家門，我是大家本次XX之旅的導(dǎo)游，我姓呂名炳鋒，呂是雙口呂。大家都可以叫我小呂，根據(jù)咱們湖南這邊的習(xí)俗大家可以叫我呂丫子、鋒丫子。在我們湖南男的可以叫丫子，女子就叫妹陀。在整個旅途中大家有任何的問題都可以隨時找我，只要您叫我一聲“小呂”，或者“呂導(dǎo)”，我就會來到您的身邊，24小時歡迎您騷擾！但是小呂有個小小的要求：在景區(qū)里面如果您有事找我千萬別喊我“導(dǎo)游”，因為景區(qū)里面的團(tuán)隊非常的多，導(dǎo)游也是千千萬萬，如果您呼喚一聲“導(dǎo)游”，那么回頭率是相當(dāng)高的，就不止小呂我一個人在回頭看著您啊。

在我旁邊，現(xiàn)在正在專心為我們開車的是xx師傅，xx師傅有著多年的開車經(jīng)驗，定會保證我們的旅途順順利利。咱們的司機(jī)師傅也是非常的辛苦的，所以請大家在車上一定要注意衛(wèi)生，把垃圾扔到垃圾箱里面，謝謝大家的理解與支持。

我們現(xiàn)在所處的是湖南的省會長沙市市區(qū)，長沙是全國首批歷史文化名城，以及全國首批優(yōu)秀旅游城市。總面積1.18萬平方公里,共轄六區(qū)兩縣一市。六區(qū)分別是以芙蓉花命名的芙蓉區(qū)、以天心閣命名的天心區(qū)，以雨花亭命名的雨花區(qū)，以開福寺命名的開福區(qū)，以岳麓山命名的岳麓區(qū)，世紀(jì)好人雷鋒的故鄉(xiāng)望城區(qū)，兩縣是毛主席的妻子楊開慧的故鄉(xiāng)長沙縣，劉少奇主席的故鄉(xiāng)寧鄉(xiāng)縣，一市是全國花炮之鄉(xiāng)瀏陽市，對于瀏陽花炮相信大家都不會陌生，08年北京奧運會以及12年倫敦奧運會都是用的咱們?yōu)g陽的花炮。

咱們長沙呢也叫有別稱叫做星城，有的朋友已進(jìn)入長沙就會收到一條短信，歡迎來到美麗的星城長沙。那為什么長沙又叫做星城呢？有沒有朋友知道？有的人開玩笑說，是因為長沙的明星特別多所以叫星城，這個有一定道理，因為長沙是全國的娛樂之都，所以來這里的明星確實是非常的多，說不定大家走在長沙的大街上就可以碰上一個大明星。長沙被叫做星城是因為天上二十八星宿中有一個星星叫做長沙星正好對應(yīng)咱們長沙的天心閣，古時人們就應(yīng)星取名長沙，由于長沙來源于星宿之名，也就有了星城之名。長沙可以有趣的概括為”東邪西毒，南帝北丐”，那大家一定納悶了，金庸小說里人人物怎么跟長沙扯上關(guān)系了，難道長沙東南西北各自出了一個大人物？還是我來給大家慢慢解釋：長沙地勢西高東低，西邊是岳麓山，東邊是平地，整個地勢向東邊傾斜。長沙市的發(fā)展也以湘江為界，向東傾斜，所以叫東斜；西邊，也就是岳麓區(qū)，有千年學(xué)府岳麓書院，現(xiàn)在是河西大學(xué)城，有中南大學(xué)，湖南大學(xué)，湖南師范大學(xué)等著名高等學(xué)府，歷來就是讀書的好地方，所以叫西讀。說完東邪西毒，南帝北丐又是什么呢？南帝是因為長沙南城的房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)如火如荼，也有說因為湖南的省政府等機(jī)關(guān)單位都在南邊，所以叫南帝；北丐則是一則玩笑話了，長沙北邊有很多國企單位，1992年國企改革的時候，大批工人下崗，所以叫北丐。

剛才路上相信大家都看到了橘子洲和咱們湖南的母親河湘江，這里小呂給大家提個小小的問題？有哪位朋友知道湘江的流向？。。。俗話說大江東去，那為什么湘江是往北流呢，因為咱們湖南的地勢是南高北低，湘江由南往北流入洞庭湖，最后注入長江，也由于湖南大部分的地域在洞庭湖以南，就有了湖南之稱。

湖南是鑲嵌在我國中南大地上一顆璀璨的明珠。湖南歷史悠久，地域遼闊。可以說人杰地靈，物華天寶。南鄰兩廣，北接湖北，西連川貴，東攘江西。面積是21.8萬平方公里，人口近7000萬，居全國第六位。全省有十三個地級市，以及一個湘西土家族苗族自治州，省會是長沙市。湖南又簡稱“湘”，也有人用“三湘四水”來代表湖南全境。“三湘”是什么？“四水”又是什么呢？關(guān)于三湘說法很多，有的說三湘是指瀟湘，蒸湘，漓湘，也有的說是指湘潭，湘陰，湘鄉(xiāng)，更有趣的說法是三湘指的是湖南三怪，至于四水，是指湘資沅澧，去過張家界鳳凰的朋友，從長沙出發(fā)就要相繼經(jīng)過這四水。剛剛說到三怪，小呂就為大家解說一下，這第一大怪就是十里不同音？咱們湖南少數(shù)民族眾多，方言也很多，讓人覺得“十里不同音”，才出一個縣，甚至一個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，也感覺像出國一樣，語言聽不懂，這第二怪就是湘西的豬跑的狗快？豬跑的比狗快，這大家肯定覺得不可思議，有句話叫做靠山吃山，我們湘西是完全的山陵地區(qū)，所以農(nóng)村里的豬都是只要稍微長大了點就會直接放養(yǎng)的山上，由于山上以前有一些小型野獸，豬在生存的本能下逃跑，日積月累也就鍛煉了一身逃跑的好本領(lǐng)。第三怪這第二大怪是“嘴里嚼個木頭塊”，大家會問，這木頭塊是什么啊? 這木頭塊就是我們湖南本土的口香糖和興奮劑，也就是“檳榔”。湖南人有事沒事都喜歡嘴里嚼個檳榔，見面時來根香煙或者遞顆檳榔是湖南人的見面禮儀。檳榔原產(chǎn)地是在海南,可是全國最大的加工生產(chǎn)銷售地卻是在湖南湘潭。湖南人吃的檳榔是經(jīng)過腌制過的，吃一顆檳榔可以提神。司機(jī)師傅開車開累，嚼顆檳榔可以提神醒腦。但小呂要提醒各位嘉賓的是，您如果是第一次吃檳榔，可千萬要注意咯，別第一次就找個很大的放進(jìn)嘴里就嚼，這樣不到幾分鐘，您就會感覺到心跳加快，頭暈?zāi)垦＃窈茸砭埔粯樱@稱之為“醉檳榔”。所以您第一次吃檳榔是，先切一小片慢慢嚼，適應(yīng)了再嚼大的。

那之前小呂我說過，湖南是人杰地靈的湖南，尤其是到了近代，湖南人才輩出。中國的歷史學(xué)家們有一句話說是“中國的近代史是一部由湖南人書寫的近代史”。

大家肯定會問了，導(dǎo)游你不是在吹牛吧！那當(dāng)然不是吹?？瞧渌》輰现锌系脑u價。

2000多年前，偉大的詩人屈原在湖南留下了《離騷》、《九歌》、《天問》等不朽詩篇。中國古代有四大發(fā)明，指南針，火藥，造紙術(shù)，活字印刷術(shù)。造紙術(shù)就是湖南耒陽人蔡倫發(fā)明的。湖南還有名聞天下的岳麓書院,江南四樓的岳陽樓。另外,明末清初大哲學(xué)家船山先生---王夫之，也是湖南人。在中國近現(xiàn)代史上，湖南涌現(xiàn)了一大批杰出政治家，如提出師夷長技以制夷，被稱為“近代睜眼看世界第一人”的魏源；清朝晚期的中興名臣，湘軍的創(chuàng)建著曾國藩；60多歲抬著棺材進(jìn)新疆，收復(fù)天山南北廣大地區(qū)的名族英雄左宗棠；我自橫刀向天笑，去留肝膽兩昆侖，被“戊戌六君子”之首的譚嗣同；辛亥革命時期的湖南三杰黃興、宋教仁、蔡鍔等。在國民黨政府時期,湖南人也是人才輩出，蔣介石組建的48個軍中，16個軍長是湖南人，著名的“黃埔三杰(陳賡、蔣先云、賀衷寒)”，全部是湖南人。新中國歷史上也有一大批領(lǐng)袖,比如一代偉人毛澤東、劉少奇主席、誰干橫刀立馬，為我彭大將----彭德懷元帥，兩把菜刀鬧革命的賀龍元帥，還有后來的胡耀邦主席、朱镕基總理等。湖南人除了有卓越的政治才能，更出名的是能征善戰(zhàn)，有“無湘不成軍”的說法。1955年中國人民解放軍首次授銜時，十大元帥湖南有3位(彭德懷，賀龍，羅榮桓)，10大將軍湖南有6位（粟裕，陳賡，肖勁光，譚政，許光達(dá)，黃克誠），57位上將湖南有19位，100多位中將，湖南不是特別多,只有45位。那至于少將以及將軍一下的軍官則是不計其數(shù)，可以說將星閃耀。甚至遠(yuǎn)在臺灣，一些政治派別的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人像親民黨主席宋楚渝、國民黨主席馬英

九、等都是湖南人，其中曾任臺灣親民黨主席的宋楚渝先生還跟毛主席是老鄉(xiāng)咧，2006年5月9日他曾專程回湘潭老家祭祖。

那有人就說，湖南人是能武不能文。其實并非如此。湖南還涌現(xiàn)了一大批文學(xué)、藝術(shù)、教育、科技優(yōu)秀人才，燦若星河，數(shù)不勝數(shù),大家熟悉的就有如湘西鳳凰古城的大文學(xué)家沈從文，大畫家黃永玉、毛主席的老鄉(xiāng)以畫蝦名震天下的畫壇宗師齊百石、“雜交水稻之父”袁隆平等。前面馬上就要到花明樓了，有句話叫花明樓無樓滴水洞無洞，花明樓不是一棟樓，而是一個地名，取自山重水復(fù)疑無路，柳暗花明又一村，那我們到花明樓看什么呢？今天我們就主要看三個景點，劉少奇銅像廣場，劉少奇文物館，劉少奇故居。

我們接下來就要前往我們偉大領(lǐng)袖毛主席額的故鄉(xiāng)韶山?！吧亍笔巧瞎艜r期一種音樂的名字。傳說舜帝當(dāng)年南巡到韶山，見此風(fēng)景宜人，心情十分愉快。便令隨從奏起了韶樂，這一奏，只見百鳥歡躍，附近的飛禽走獸都聞聲而起，歡歌起舞。后來人們便根據(jù)舜帝用韶樂引來百鳥的故事，把舜帝建行宮賞韶樂的地方叫韶山。韶山的韶拆開就是音召二字，音是音樂的音，召是召喚的召。正是取這個意思啦。幾千年后，中國歷史上又一位著名乾隆皇帝南巡至此，曾預(yù)言說，韶山是塊風(fēng)水寶地，500年內(nèi)必出真命天子，此人的姓必是“反手掌乾坤”。果然不出所料，1893，誕生了我們的一代偉人毛澤東，同時也正巧驗證了乾隆的話。大家可以試著寫一下，把手掌的“手”字最后一筆反過來是什么字，反手掌乾坤就是毛字。

毛主席的母親文氏是湘鄉(xiāng)人，文氏在家中排行老七，別人都叫她文七妹。因為文氏家的祖墳在韶山，為了清明節(jié)上墳的時候有個落腳的地方，文氏的父親就將文七妹嫁到韶山，嫁給了毛主席的父親毛順生。文氏比毛順生大三歲，俗話說：“女大三，抱金磚”，也就是在取了文七妹以后毛順生家里的生活漸漸好了起來。在1893年12月26日早上7點到9點之間，一代偉人誕生在上屋場的茅草屋里。按照《韶山毛氏族譜》規(guī)定的備份，毛澤東屬澤字輩。毛順生為了紀(jì)念毛家祖居地，也為了紀(jì)念主席出生的時辰，辰時是太陽升起的時候，太陽是從東邊升起的，所以起名為毛澤東。毛順生之前兩個孩子，但都夭折了，所以家里十分看重毛主席。毛主席從小接到外婆家，在外婆家的山后有一塊非常像人形的巨石，人們稱為石觀音，他外婆便把他帶到石觀音面前，拜為干娘，以保佑他茁壯成長，因此毛主席還有一個稱呼叫做石三伢子。毛主席的母親一生十分善良、節(jié)儉。對毛澤東影響相當(dāng)大。1919年10月5日，毛澤東母親病故，他日夜兼程，從長沙趕回韶山。他守在母親靈前，在悲痛中，席地而坐，寫出了一篇哀慟的《祭母文》。高度贊揚(yáng)了母親敦厚誠實，勤勞儉樸的美德。當(dāng)時，毛澤東還含淚給他的同學(xué)、好友鄒蘊(yùn)真寫信，說世界共有三種人：損人利己的人；利己不損人的；可以損己以利人的，自己的母親便屬于第三種人。可以說毛澤東對自己的母親是非常尊重和孝順的。

毛澤東的父親毛順生(1870—1920年)是個很精明的生意人，小時候因為家庭負(fù)債過多，16歲時外出當(dāng)兵，退伍后回到韶山在家務(wù)農(nóng)兼做小生意和別的營生，攢積下一點錢，開始做販谷子的生意，在當(dāng)?shù)厥且粋€小小的財主。

毛順生勤勞倔強(qiáng)，精明干煉，脾氣粗暴，對毛澤東管的很嚴(yán)厲，時而打罵訓(xùn)斥，并訓(xùn)練兒子雙手打算盤，熟悉田間勞動，期望兒子能繼承家業(yè)，學(xué)會經(jīng)商。俗話說“有其父，必有其子”，受父親性格的影響，毛澤東性格也很倔強(qiáng)。從小反抗父親的打罵、體罰和專橫。比如，他父親罵他“不孝”，他就引用經(jīng)書上“父慈子孝”，也就是只有“父慈”，才能“子孝”的話來回敬；他父親指責(zé)他“懶惰”，他就說大人應(yīng)該比小孩多干活，等我到了你那年紀(jì)，定會比你干的活更多。毛澤東從慈母那里繼承了善良、敦厚的天性，從嚴(yán)父那里接受了倔強(qiáng)的個性，不同的氣質(zhì)，在毛澤東的身上重疊組合，成了他性格的最初雛形。

毛澤東6歲開始做一些家務(wù)和農(nóng)活，目睹和經(jīng)歷了舊社會農(nóng)民的疾苦、窮困、和潦倒。

毛澤東8歲開始讀私塾，在韶山6年私塾，13歲至15歲，毛澤東停學(xué)在家。除白天參加繁重的體力勞動，晚上幫助父親記賬外，還堅持自學(xué)，經(jīng)常在小油燈下讀書至深夜。

毛澤東16歲的時候，父親打算送他去湘潭縣城一家米店當(dāng)學(xué)徒，以便繼承家業(yè)，發(fā)家致富。但是，毛澤東并沒有走上父親所安排的生活道路，而是走上了一條尋找救國救民改造社會的道路。

1910年（17歲）秋，毛澤東第一次離開家鄉(xiāng)韶山，去湘鄉(xiāng)/縣立/東山高等小學(xué)讀書。臨行前，他寫了一首詩贈給他父親。詩云： 孩兒立志出鄉(xiāng)關(guān)，學(xué)不成名誓不還。埋頭何須桑梓地，人生無處不青山。

毛澤東把改寫好的詩，夾在他父親的賬簿里，走出鄉(xiāng)關(guān)求學(xué)，從此離開了束縛身心的家庭和閉塞的韶山?jīng)_，這可說是毛澤東人生歷程的第一個轉(zhuǎn)折。也由此走上了革命的道路。

毛澤東五次回韶山：1921年、1925年、1927年、1959年、1966年。（1966年9月18日）

28歲·一回韶山

教育全家鬧革命

1921年農(nóng)歷歲首，毛澤東的父母相繼去世不久，未能為父母臨終送別的毛澤東從長沙回到韶山。這次回鄉(xiāng)，他把毛澤民、毛澤覃、毛澤建和弟媳王淑蘭帶上了革命的道路。

32歲·二回韶山

親建韶山黨支部

1925年2月中旬，毛澤東再次回到韶山播種革命火種，建立中共韶山黨支部，從此韶山掀起了轟轟烈烈的農(nóng)民革命運動。

34歲·三回韶山

考察農(nóng)民運動

1927年1月7日，毛澤東第三次回到了韶山考察。此時的韶山已擁有黨員230多人，農(nóng)民運動已成洪流迅猛向前發(fā)展，進(jìn)入一個嶄新階段。

66歲·四回韶山

走村串戶搞調(diào)研

1959年6月25日，毛澤東在建國后首次以主席的身份回到闊別32年的韶山調(diào)研。當(dāng)日，當(dāng)?shù)?000多名干部群眾獲知消息后從四面八方涌進(jìn)韶山?jīng)_歡迎毛主席。毛澤東走到哪里，哪里就是一片歡騰。夜深人靜后，毛澤東伏案寫下了《七律·到韶山》。

73歲·五回韶山

深居“西方山洞”

1966年6月，“文化大革命”進(jìn)行得如火如荼，毛澤東第五次回到了韶山，在“西方的一個山洞”———韶山滴水洞的別墅里住了11天。毛澤東此行高度保密，知道真實情況的僅周恩來總理一人，他每天派專機(jī)從北京為毛澤東送來文件，又帶回批閱過的文件。

第六次回韶山：1993年紀(jì)念毛主席誕辰100周年，中央決定在韶山立一個毛主席銅像。毛主席銅像由南京晨光制造廠制造，由我國為著名雕刻家劉開梁偕高徒程允賢先生雕刻，歷時120天。毛主席銅像于1993年12月6日從江蘇南京啟運，一路經(jīng)江蘇、安徽、湖北、江西進(jìn)入湖南。當(dāng)運載毛主席銅像的汽車隊開到江西井崗山的時候，突然汽車熄火了。師傅們反復(fù)檢修也沒查出什么問題。這時一位70多歲的江西老表說：“井崗山是毛主席最早走出深山，拿起槍桿子鬧革命的地方，他老人家想在這兒住一晚看一看?！钡搅说诙?，車子沒有經(jīng)過任何檢修，奇跡般地可以開動了。在江西與湖南交界處的一個“人”字型山坡上，天正下著瓢潑大雨，進(jìn)井崗山的路很滑，一百多輛車子都受到了不同程度的損傷，有的根本走不動，只有運載銅像的車子很順利，安然無恙地開過了井崗山。當(dāng)有記者問起司機(jī)時，司機(jī)說：“我想是得到毛主席的保佑了?！彼袁F(xiàn)在很多的司機(jī)都有在車子前面掛一個毛主席小像章，以求一路平安。

關(guān)于毛主席銅像還出了一連串的奇事怪事，不知大家從新聞媒介中知道了多少。在此，小張就給大家說說吧！毛主席銅像揭幕儀式于1993年12月26日毛主席誕辰100周年之際正式舉行。***主席親自從北京趕到韶山為毛主席銅像揭彩。當(dāng)天艷陽高照萬里無云，但奇怪的是，上午10:30左右，月亮也出來了。銅像的左邊是太陽，右邊是月亮，太陽與月亮相互照映，照得整片天空通亮。于是形成了千載難逢、非常罕見的天文奇觀――日月同輝。當(dāng)時正值12月份，而滿山的杜鵑花頓時也全部盛開了，以毛主席故居山后的開得最艷。大家都知道，杜鵑花一般是在每年的三至四月份期間開放，而這次則是在寒冬臘月之際，比以往的開花季節(jié)提前了幾個月。難道不能說是一件有違自然規(guī)律的事情？那時舜帝南巡、乾隆預(yù)言，這些都只是傳說，沒有任何歷史根據(jù)、憑證。而日月同輝與杜鵑花開，是人們親眼所見，同時還有當(dāng)時攝下的盛況。于是人們說：毛主席太偉大了，他能使天隨人意變、花伴天意開。毛主席真神，他的光輝名字和豐功偉業(yè)將與日月同輝、與天地共存！待會兒，我們到了韶山就可以看到日月同輝和杜鵑花開的相片和實況錄相。

有的朋友可能就不耐煩了，導(dǎo)游你講了那么多，那我們到韶山來到底干嘛來了，這里小呂告訴大家我們來韶山就是看主席，請主席，拜主席?？粗飨示雍图o(jì)念館，請主席銅像，這里小呂就有義務(wù)提醒大家，在韶山毛主席銅像最珍貴的是由國家中央檔案局批準(zhǔn)、發(fā)行的編號從0001到9999的小銅像，為什么只發(fā)行9999而不是9998或10000尊呢？因為毛主席一生與9特別有緣。大家不妨跟小x一起回憶一下，在1949年9月9日率領(lǐng)解放軍攻入了北京；1976年9月9日，是毛主席逝世的日子。那么還有一個9字呢，則是九五之尊的意思了，也象征著毛主席的地位是不可動搖不可替代的。毛主席銅像一經(jīng)發(fā)行，第一號0001號及最后一號9999號就馬上被毛主席的媳婦少華和當(dāng)時的國家主席江澤民請去了。因為0001表示起點，毛主席出生在韶山，出生在湖南，第0001號小銅像當(dāng)然要留在湖南了。現(xiàn)在少華將0001號主席銅像捐贈給了省博物館保存了。而9999表示九五之尊，理所當(dāng)然只有當(dāng)時的主席才能擁有了。以前江總書記辦公桌上擺著一尊毛主席小銅像，那就是第9999號小銅像了。拜主席就是去銅像廣場拜主席銅像。

第三篇：韶山英文導(dǎo)游詞

湖南-韶山英文導(dǎo)游詞

更新日期：2009-7-22 16:30:07 點擊： 3355 次

[字體：增大 縮小]

Good morning, Ladies and Gentlemen!

Today, we will go and visit Shaoshan, the hometown of Chairman Mao.Shaoshan is a small mountain village about 100km southwest of Changsha, the capital of Hunan province, with some fairly beautiful scenery and a once typically Hunan village atmosphere, Shaoshan has been irreparably changed by history.On the 26th December 1893, a baby was born in a little house in this village, to a relatively wealthy peasant couple.The child was to grow up to become China's Great Helmsman, Chairman Mao Zedong, and it was in this region that he spent his childhood and youth, attending school and helping his father with his work.As the hometown of the great man of the generation, now Shaoshan is one of the important tourist zones in Hunan province.The major tourist sites including the Former residence of Chairman Mao, Memorial Hall of Mao Zedong, Water-dripping Cave and Steles Forest of Mao's Poems，and so on.The former residence of Chairman Mao is the most interesting site.Entered through a courtyard, the house is of a sunny yellow, mud brick walls, with a nicely thatched roof, and is found on a wooded hillside, above some lush paddy fields.There are 13 and one half rooms in the Former residence, which include one and half central room, a kitchen, a dining room, three family bedrooms and a guest room.Within the rooms are various personal effects of Mao and his parents, as well as photos from Mao's life.This is the central room, used by two families: Mao's family and their neighbor.So we said that there is only one half of the central room belongs to Mao's family.And this is there kitchen, where Chairman Mao often helped his mother doing some housework in his childhood.Go through the kitchen was Chairman Mao's parent's bedroom, there are two photos of Chairman Mao's parents on the inner wall, and it was in this room where Chairman Mao was born.The Dripping Water Cave, about 3 km northwest of the village, is a very popular destination, possibly because of the fact that Mao allegedly spent 11 days here in the early days of the Cultural Revolution Years(1966-76), contemplating the unknown.湖南韶山-毛澤東故居英文導(dǎo)游詞

更新日期：2009-7-22 16:37:02 點擊： 1299 次

[字體：增大 縮小] Shaoshan(Hometown of Mao)

Shaoshan，a mountain village about 100km southwest of Changsha，with some fairly beautiful scenery and a once typically Hunan village atmosphere，has been irreparably changed by history.On the 26th December 1893，a baby was born in a little house in this village，to a relatively wealthy peasant couple.The child was to grow up to become China’s Great Helmsman，Chairman Mao Zedong，and it was in this region that he spent his childhood and youth，attending school and helping his father with his work.The tourist attractions in the village are highly propagandorial，but then this is all part and parcel of the Mao image.Loudspeakers will great you on arrival with revolutionary songs and speeches，the village is guarded by sleepily bored soldiers and the history is only partially represented at best.The revolutionary tourist attractions include the Former Residence of Mao Zedong(Mao zedong guju)，the Ancestral Temple of the Mao Family，now Comrade Mao’s Museum(Mao zedong tongzhi jinianguan)，Stone Steles covered with Mao’s poems，and a Revolutionary Martyr’s Cemetery.The former residence is the most interesting.Entered through a courtyard，the house is of a sunny yellow，mud brick walls，with a nicely thatched roof，and is found on a wooded hillside，above some lush paddy fields.You can visit all of the 13 rooms inside，that include a kitchen，a dining room，three family bedrooms，a guest room and an ancestral hall.Within the rooms are various personal effects of Mao and his parents，as well as photos from Mao’s life.If the propaganda gets too much，the area around the village is of the beautifully simple Hunan countryside，with small peasant houses scattered about the stepped paddyfields and bamboo groves.The Dripping Water Cave(Dishui dong)，about 3km northwest of the village，is a very popular destination，possibly because of the fact that Mao allegedly spent 11 days here in the early days of the Cultural Revolution Years(1966-76)，contemplating the unknown.Even nicer however，is the ascent to Shao Hill Peak(Shaoshan feng)，the conical hill just to the northwest of the village.From the summit(reached on foot [1-2hrs.] or by cable car [RMB20])，you will have some good views over the village and Hunanese countryside.Mao Zedong(help·info)(December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976;Mao Tse-tung in Wade-Giles)was the chairman of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China from 1943 and the chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from 1945 until his death in 1976.Under his leadership, the Chinese Communist Party(CCP)became the ruling party of Mainland China after victory over Chinese Nationalists, the Kuomintang, in the Chinese Civil War.On October 1, 1949, Mao declared the formation of the People's Republic of China at Tiananmen Square.From the 1950s until his death, Mao initiated various economic and political

campaigns, such as the Anti-Rightist Campaign, the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, which resulted in the deaths of tens of millions of people.His knowledge of these deaths is disputed.Introduction

Mao created a mostly unified China free of foreign domination for the first time since the Opium Wars.With Zhu De, Mao co-founded the People's Liberation Army as the Red Army on August 1, 1927 after Chiang Kai-Shek began leading a series of purges against the communists.After gaining power, Mao initiated a transformation of the economic and social system through a process of collectivisation culminating in The Great Leap Forward of 1958-62, which has subsequently been recognised as an economic disaster for China.The changes in social and agricultural policies which he ordered during this period, known in China as Three Years of Natural Disasters, caused the massive famine of 1959–1961.Mao created a totalitarian one-party-state, contributed to the Sino-Soviet Split, and initiated the Cultural Revolution, which purged, tortured, and publicly humiliated millions.These millions included many of those fellow Communists who had forced Mao to end the policies that contributed to the famine of 1959–1961.During the Cultural Revolution, Mao encouraged the wholesale destruction of a large part of China's cultural heritage.Mao Zedong is sometimes referred to as Chairman Mao in the West and in China simply as the Chairman.At the height of his personality cult, Mao was commonly known in China as the “Four Greats”: “Great Teacher, Great Leader, Great Supreme Commander, Great Helmsman”.Mao was an avid reader, particularly of Chinese history and it has been argued that his skill at outmaneuvering his political opponents as well as his belief in the overriding importance of unifying and revolutionizing China, regardless of the sacrifices imposed on his people, owed much to his understanding of Chinese imperial history.His political writings were influential in the development of Marxist thought and he also wrote poetry which retains some popularity in China.Chairman Mao

Mao Zedong(December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976)(also Mao Tse-Tung in Wade-Giles transliteration)was a Chinese Marxist theorist, soldier, poet, and statesman who led China's communist revolution after decades of foreign occupation and civil war in the 20th century.Following the Communist Party of China’s military victory over the Kuomintang in the Chinese Civil War, Mao announced the establishment of the People’s Republic of China on October 1, 1949, in the culturally-significant Tiananmen Square in Beijing.Mao pursued the ideal of strong and prosperous China, endeavoring to build a modern, industrialized nation.However, the disastrous results of Mao's most significant socio-political programs—including the Anti-Rightist Campaign, the Great Leap Forward, and the Cultural Revolution—crippled China's development, leading to economic hardship, social turmoil and widespread starvation.This led to the deaths of tens of millions of Chinese people.Until his death, Mao maintained control of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China through both political acumen and a cult of personality, the latter resulting in such sobriquets as Grand Helmsman and Saviour of China.Early Life The eldest child of a moderate family, Mao Zedong was born on December 26, 1893, in a village called Shaoshan in Xiangtan county(湘潭縣), Hunan province, and thus spoke Xiang rather than Mandarin.His ancestors had migrated from Jiangxi province during the Ming Dynasty, married indigenous women, and had settled there as farmers for generations.During the 1911 Revolution, Mao served for months in a local regiment in Hunan.However, having felt unaccustomed to a life of military service, he returned to school in Changsha, where he realized the importance of both health and knowledge.Having graduated from the First Provincial Normal School of Hunan in 1918, Mao traveled with Professor Yang Changji, his high school teacher, also his future father-in-law, to Beijing during the May Fourth Movement in 1919.Professor Yang held a faculty position at National Peking University.Because of Yang's recommendation, Mao worked as an assistant librarian at the University with Li Dazhao as curator of the library.At the same time, Mao registered as a part-time student at Beijing University and audited many lectures and seminars by some famous intellectuals, such as Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi, and Qian Xuantong, etc.Over his stay in Beijing, he read as much as possible, which introduced him for the first time to Communist theories.In the meantime, he married Yang Kaihui, Professor Yang Changji's daughter and also his fellow student, despite an existing marriage arranged by his father at home.Mao had never acknowledged this marriage.Later, Mao turned down an opportunity to study in France because of poverty.Later he claimed that it was because he firmly believed that China's problems could be studied and resolved only within China.As distinct from his contemporaries, Mao

went the opposite direction, studying the peasant majority of China's population where he began his life as a professional revolutionist.On July 23, 1921, Mao, at the age of 27, attended the first session of the National Congress of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai.Two years later, he was elected one of the five commissars of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China during the third session of the Congress.Mao stayed for a while in Shanghai, an important city that the CPC emphasised for the Revolution.But after the Party had encountered major difficulties in organizing labor union movements, and relations with its nationalist ally, the Kuomintang had become poor, Mao was disillusioned at the revolution there and moved back to his home village of Shaoshan.During his stay at home, Mao rekindled his interest in the revolution, having been informed of the 1925 uprisings in Shanghai and Guangzhou.He then went to Guangdong, the base of the Kuomintang, as a return of his political ambitions.During his stay there, Mao took part in the preparations for the second session of the National Congress of Kuomintang.In early 1927, Mao returned to Hunan where, in an urgent meeting held by the Communist Party of China, he made a report based upon his investigations and study of the recent peasant uprisings in the wake of the Northern Expedition.This report is considered the initial and decisive step toward the successful application of Mao's revolutionary theories in China.Political Ideas It was in Beijing, before he was married to Yang Kaihui, that Mao was introduced to Marxism.“There were three books that left great impressions on my mind”, Mao recollected, “They helped build up my solid faith in Marxism”.Among the three important books was Manifesto of the Communist Party.Nevertheless, it was a gradual process for Mao to become a Marxist.During 1920 in Hunan, Mao contributed several essays to the newspapers advocating the autonomy of Hunan Province as he firmly believed that the provincial autonomy was a prelude to the success of local prosperity, which, in turn, would add to the existence of a stronger and more prosperous China in the world.In 1920, Mao had developed his theory of violent revolution, which he adopted from the experience of the Russian revolutions, and which could probably be attributed to his early reading experience of Outlaws of the Marsh, one of the four masterpieces of Chinese ancient literature.Mao's theory of violent revolution seeks to subvert the alliance of imperialism and feudalism in China.As a rather strategic communist, Mao had not ignored those Chinese nationalists, who he thought to be both economically

and politically vulnerable.Mao concluded that the violent revolution he favored could by no means be steered by the nationalists.And that such violent revolution should be conducted by the proletariat with the help from the Chinese nationalists, and certainly under the supervision of a communist party.In the 1920s, Mao helped to conduct many labor struggles based upon his study, propagation, and organization of the contemporary labor movements.However, these struggles were subdued by the government.And Mao fled Changsha after he was labeled radical activist there.Later, Mao recollected the failures over which he pondered seriously and carefully.Mao finally realized that Chinese labor workers were not able to lead the revolution because they made up just a relatively small portion of China's population, and that unarmed labor struggles could not resolve the problems.Mao began to depend on Chinese peasants who later became staunch supporters of his theory of violent revolution, which eventually distinguished Mao from all his predecessors and contemporaries.Mao himself was from a peasant family and with his natural relationship with the farmers and peasants at home, he developed his reputation among them.And most importantly, he introduced them to marxism, certainly with his own adjustments and modifications.War and Revolution In 1927 Mao conducted the famous Autumn Harvest Uprising in Changsha, Hunan, as commander-in-chief.The army led by Mao, entitled Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants, was defeated and scattered after some fierce battles.Afterwards the exhausted troops were forced to leave Hunan for Sanwan, Jiangxi, where Mao re-organized the scattered soldiers, rearranging them from a military division into a smaller regiment.And Mao ordered that each company must have a party branch office with a commissar as its leader who would give political instructions based upon superior mandates.This military rearrangement in Sanwan, Jiangxi initiated the CPC's absolute control over its military force and has been considered to have the most fundamental and profound impact upon the Chinese revolution.Later on, they moved to Jinggang Mountains, Jiangxi.On the Jinggang mountains, Mao persuaded two local

insurgent leaders who pledged their allegiance to him.And there Mao rejoined his army with that of Zhu De.Thus he created the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army of China, Red Army in short.(the Fourth Front of Workers' and Peasants' Red Army of China).From 1931 to 1934, Mao helped establish the Soviet Republic of China and was elected Chairman of this small republic among the mountainous areas in Jiangxi.Here, Mao was married to He Zizhen.His wife Yang Kaihui, who

sacrificed for the revolution, had been arrested and executed in 1930, just three years after their departure.In Jiangxi, Mao's authoritative domination, especially that of the military force was challenged by the Jiangxi branch of the CPC and military officers.Mao's opponents, among whom the most prominent was Li Wenlin, the founder of the CPC's branch and Red Army in Jiangxi, were against Mao's land policies and proposals to reform the local party branch and army leadership.Mao reacted first by accusing the opponents of opportunism and kulakism and then set off a series of systematic suppressions of them.Later the suppressions were turned into bloody physical elimination.The estimated number of the victims amounted to several thousands.Through the so-called revolutionary terrorism, or red terrorism, Mao's authority and domination in Jiangxi was secured and reassured.However, this had left unforgettable scars on Mao's mind.Mao, with the help of Zhu De, built a modest but effective army, undertook experiments in rural reform and government, and provided refuge for Communists fleeing the rightist purges in the cities.Mao's methods are normally referred to as Guerrilla warfare;but he himself made a distinction between guerrilla warfare(youji zhan)and Mobile Warfare(yundong zhan).Mao's Guerrilla Warfare and Mobile Warfare was based upon the fact of the poor armament and military training of the red army which consisted mainly of impoverished peasants, who, however, were all encouraged by revolutionary passions and aspiring after a communist utopia.Around 1930, there had been more than ten regions, usually entitled “soviet areas”, under control of the CPC.And the number of Red Army soldiers ran to no less than a hundred thousand.The prosperity of “soviet areas” startled and worried Chiang Kai-shek, chairman of the Kuomintang government, who waged five waves of besieging campaigns against the “central soviet area”.More than one million Kuomintang soldiers were involved in these five campaigns, four out of which were defeated by the red army led by Mao.Under increasing pressures from the KMT encirclement campaigns, there was a struggle for power within the Communist leadership.Mao was removed from his important positions and replaced by individuals(including Zhou Enlai)who appeared loyal to the orthodox line advocated by Moscow and represented within the CPC by a group known as the 28 Bolsheviks.Chiang Kai-shek, who had earlier assumed nominal control of China due in part to the Northern Expedition, was determined to eliminate the Communists.By October 1934, he had them surrounded, prompting them to engage in the “Long March,” a retreat from Jiangxi in the southeast to Shaanxi in the northwest of China.It was during this

9,600 kilometer(5,965 mile), year-long journey that Mao emerged as the top Communist leader, aided by the Zunyi Conference and the defection of Zhou Enlai to Mao's side.At this Conference, Mao entered the Standing Committee of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China.From his base in Yan'an, Mao led the Communist resistance against the Japanese in the Second Sino-Japanese War(1937-1945).Mao further consolidated power over the Communist Party in 1942 by launching the Cheng Feng, or “Rectification” campaign against rival CPC members such as Wang Ming, Wang Shiwei, and Ding Ling.Also while in Yan'an, Mao divorced He Zizhen and married the actress Lan Ping, who would become known as Jiang Qing.During the Sino-Japanese War, Mao Zedong's strategies were opposed by both Chiang Kai-shek and the United States.The US regarded Chiang as an important ally, able to help shorten the war by engaging the Japanese occupiers in China.Chiang, in contrast, sought to build the ROC army for the certain conflict with Mao's communist forces after the end of World War II.This fact was not understood well in the US, and precious lend-lease armaments continued to be allocated to the Kuomintang.In turn, Mao spent part of the war(as to whether it was most or only a little is disputed)fighting the Kuomintang for control of certain parts of China.Both the Communists and Nationalists have been criticised for fighting amongst themselves rather than allying against the Japanese Imperial Army.In 1944, the Americans sent a special diplomatic envoy, called the Dixie Mission, to the Communist Party of China.According to Edwin Moise, in Modern China: A History 2nd Edition:

Most of the Americans were favourably impressed.The CPC seemed less corrupt, more unified, and more vigorous in its resistance to Japan than the Guomindang.United States fliers shot down over North China...confirmed to their superiors that the CPC was both strong and popular over a broad area.In the end, the contacts with the USA developed with the CPC led to very little.Then again, modern commentators have refuted such claims.Amongst others, Willy Lam stated that during the war with Japan:

The great majority of casualties sustained by Chinese soldiers were borne by KMT, not Communist divisions.Mao and other guerrilla leaders decided at the time to conserve their strength for the “l(fā)arger struggle” of taking over all of China once the Japanese Imperial Army was decimated by the U.S.-led Allied Forces.After the end of World War II, the US continued to support Chiang Kai-shek, now

openly against the Communist Red Army(led by Mao Zedong)in the civil war for control of China.The US support was part of its view to contain and defeat “world communism.” Likewise, the Soviet Union gave quasi-covert support to Mao(acting as a concerned neighbor more than a military ally, to avoid open conflict with the US)and gave large supplies of arms to the Communist Party of China, although newer Chinese records indicate the Soviet “supplies” were not as large as previously believed, and consistently fell short of the promised amount of aid.On January 21 1949, Kuomintang forces suffered massive losses against Mao's Red Army.In the early morning of December 10 1949, Red Army troops laid siege to Chengdu, the last KMT-occupied city in mainland China, and Chiang Kai-shek evacuated from the mainland to Taiwan(Formosa)that same day.Leadership of China The People's Republic of China was established on October 1, 1949.It was the culmination of over two decades of civil and international war.From 1954 to 1959, Mao was the Chairman of the PRC.During this period, Mao was called Chairman Mao(毛主席)or the Great Leader Chairman Mao(偉大領(lǐng)袖毛主席).The Communist Party assumed control of all media in the country and used it to promote the image of Mao and the Party.The Nationalists under General Chiang Kai-Shek were vilified as were countries such as the United States of America and Japan.The Chinese people were exhorted to devote themselves to build and strengthen their country.In his speech declaring the foundation of the PRC, Mao announced: “The Chinese people have stood up!”

Almost every Chinese had a book called the Quotations From Chairman Mao Tse-Tung(《毛主席語錄》)，which was regarded as a source of infallible truth in discussions or arguments at schools or the workplace.He took up residence in Zhongnanhai, a compound next to the Forbidden City in Beijing, and there he ordered the construction of an indoor swimming pool and other buildings.Mao often did his work either in bed or by the side of the pool, preferring not to wear formal clothes unless absolutely necessary, according to Dr.Li Zhisui, his personal physician.(Li's book, The Private Life of Chairman Mao, is regarded as controversial especially by those sympathetic to Mao.)

Following the consolidation of power, Mao launched a phase of rapid collectivization, lasting until around 1958.The CPC introduced price controls as well as a Chinese character simplification aimed at increasing literacy.Land was taken from landlords and more wealthy peasants and given to poorer peasants.Large scale industrialization projects were also undertaken.Programs pursued during this time include the Hundred Flowers Campaign, in which Mao indicated his supposed willingness to consider different opinions about how

China should be governed.Given the freedom to express themselves, liberal and intellectual Chinese began opposing the Communist Party and questioning its leadership.This was initially tolerated and even encouraged.However, after a few months, Mao's government reversed its policy and persecuted those, totalling perhaps 500,000, who criticized, and were merely alleged to have criticized, the Party in what is called the Anti-Rightist Movement.Authors such as Jung Chang have alleged that the Hundred Flowers Campaign was merely a ruse to root out “dangerous” thinking.Others such as Dr Li Zhisui have suggested that Mao had initially seen the policy as a way of weakening those within his party who opposed him, but was surprised by the extent of criticism and the fact that it began to be directed at his own leadership.It was only then that he used it as a method of identifying and subsequently persecuting those critical of his regime.The Hundred Flowers movement led to the condemnation, silencing, and death of many intellectuals, also linked to Mao's Anti-Rightist Movement, with death tolls possibly in the millions.Great Leap Forward In January 1958, Mao launched the second Five Year Plan known as the Great Leap Forward, a plan intended as an alternative model for economic growth to the Soviet model focusing on heavy industry that was advocated by others in the party.Under this economic program, the relatively small agricultural collectives which had been formed to date were rapidly merged into far larger people's communes, and many of the peasants ordered to work on massive infrastructure projects and the small-scale production of iron and steel.All private food production was banned;livestock and farm implements were brought under collective ownership.Under the Great Leap Forward, Mao and other party leaders ordered the implementation of a variety of unproven and unscientific new agricultural techniques by the new communes.Combined with the diversion of labour to steel production and infrastructure projects and the reduced personal incentives under a commune system this led to an approximately 15% drop in grain production in 1959 followed by further 10% reduction in 1960 and no recovery in 1961.In an effort to win favour with their superiors and avoid being purged, each layer in the party hierarchy exaggerated the amount of grain produced under them and based on the fabricated success, party cadres were ordered to requisition a disproportionately high amount of the true harvest for state use primarily in the cities and urban areas but also for export.The net result, which was compounded in some areas by drought and in others by floods, was that the rural peasants were not left enough to eat and many millions starved to death in what is thought to be the largest famine in human history.This famine was a direct cause of the death of tens of millions of Chinese peasants between 1959 and 1962.Further, many children who became emaciated and malnourished during years of hardship and struggle for surivival, died shortly after the Great Leap Forward came to an end in 1962(Spence, 553).The extent of Mao's knowledge as to the severity of the

situation has been disputed.According to some, most notably Dr.Li Zhisui, Mao was not aware of anything more than a mild food and general supply shortage until late 1959.“But I do not think that when he spoke on July 2, 1959, he knew how bad the disaster had become, and he believed the party was doing everything it could to manage the situation”

Jung Chang and Jon Halliday, in Mao: the Unknown Story, provide ample documentary evidence that Mao knew of the vast suffering and that he was dismissive of it, blaming bad weather or other officials for the famine.“Although slaughter was not his purpose with the Leap, he [Mao] was more than ready for myriad deaths to result, and hinted to his top echelon that they should not be too shocked if they happened(438-439).-Whatever the case, the Great Leap Forward led to millions of deaths in China.Mao lost esteem among many of the top party cadres and was eventually forced to abandon the policy in 1962, also losing some political power to moderate leaders.However, he was able to use his propaganda base to mitigate the damage caused by the failure of the programme, implying that he was only partly to blame.As a result, he was able to remain Secretary of the Communist Party.The Great Leap Forward was a disaster for China.Although the steel quotas were officially reached, almost all of it made in the countryside was useless lumps of iron, as it had been made from assorted scrap metal in home made furnaces with no reliable source of fuel such as coal.According to Zhang Rongmei, a geometry teacher in rural Shanghai during the Great Leap Forward:

We took all the furniture, pots, and pans we had in our house, and all our neighbors did likewise.We put all everything in a big fire and melted down all the metal.Moreover, most of the dams, canals and other infrastructure projects, which millions of peasants and prisoners had been forced to toil on and in many cases die for, proved useless as they had been built without the input of trained engineers, whom Mao had rejected on ideological grounds.In the Party Congress at Lushan in July/August 1959, several leaders expressed concern that the Great Leap Forward was not as successful as planned.The most direct of these was Minister of Defence Peng Dehuai.Mao orchestrated a denouncement of Peng and his supporters, stifling criticism of the Great Leap policies.There is a great deal of controversy over the number of deaths by starvation during the Great Leap Forward.Until the mid 1980s, when official census figures were

finally published by the Chinese Government, little was known about the scale of the disaster in the Chinese countryside, as the handful of Western observers allowed access during this time had been restricted to model villages where they were deceived into believing that Great Leap Forward had been a great success.There was also an assumption that the flow of individual reports of starvation that had been reaching the West, primarily through Hong Kong and Taiwan, must be localised or exaggerated as China was continuing to claim record harvests and was a net exporter of grain through the period.Censuses were carried out in China in 1953, 1964 and 1982.The first attempt to analyse this data in order to estimate the number of famine deaths was carried out by American demographer Dr Judith Banister and published in 1984.Given the lengthy gaps between the censuses and doubts over the reliability of the data, an accurate figure is difficult to ascertain.Nevertheless, Banister concluded that the official data implied that around 15 million excess deaths incurred in China during 1958-61 and that based on her modelling of Chinese demographics during the period and taking account of assumed underreporting during the famine years, the figure was around 30 million.Various other sources have put the figure between 20 and 43 million.On the international front, the period was dominated by the further isolation of China, due to start of the Sino-Soviet split which resulted in Khrushchev withdrawing all Soviet technical experts and aid from the country.The split was triggered by border disputes, and arguments over the control and direction of world communism, and other disputes pertaining to foreign policy.Most of the problems regarding communist unity resulted from the death of Stalin and his replacement by Khrushchev.Stalin had established himself as the successor of ”correct“ Marxist thought well before Mao controlled the Communist Party of China, and therefore Mao never challenged the suitability of any Stalinist doctrine(at least while Stalin was alive).Upon the death of Stalin, Mao believed(perhaps because of seniority)that the leadership of the ”correct“ Marxist doctrine would fall to him.The resulting tension between Khrushchev(at the head of a politically/militarily superior government), and Mao(believing he had a superior understanding of Marxist ideology)eroded the previous patron-client relationship between the USSR and CPC.Partly-surrounded by hostile American military bases(reaching from South Korea, Japan, Okinawa, and Taiwan), China was now confronted with a new Soviet threat from the north and west.Both the internal crisis and the external threat called for extraordinary statesmanship from Mao, but as China entered the new decade the statesmen of the People's Republic were in hostile confrontation with each other.The Great Leap policies were effectively given up following a Politburo meeting in January 1961 and Mao took a more backseat role whilst more moderate leaders such as Liu Shaoqi, who had become State President in 1959 and Deng Xiaoping rescued the economy by disbanding the people's communes, introducing elements of private control of peasant smallholdings and importing grain from Canada and Australia to

mitigate the worst effects of famine.Cultural Revolution

Following these events, other members of the Communist Party, including Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, decided that Mao should be removed from actual power and only remain in a largely ceremonial and symbolic role.They attempted to marginalize Mao, and by 1959, Liu Shaoqi became State President, but Mao remained Chairman.Liu and others began to look at the situation much more realistically, somewhat abandoning the idealism Mao wished for.Facing the prospect of losing his place on the political stage, Mao responded to Liu and Deng's movements by launching the Cultural Revolution in 1966.According to Jung Chang and Jon Halliday, in Mao: the Unknown Story, Mao was bitter that his Great Leap Forward programme had been stopped by Liu and other party leaders, and he was determined to exact revenge.The Cultural Revolution allowed Mao to circumvent the Communist hierarchy by giving power directly to the Red Guards, groups of young people, often teenagers, who set up their own tribunals.The Revolution led to the destruction of much of China's cultural heritage and the imprisonment of a huge number of Chinese intellectuals, as well as creating general economic and social chaos in the country.Millions of lives were ruined during this period, which is depicted by such Chinese films as To Live and Farewell My Concubine.It was during this period that Mao chose Lin Biao to become his successor.Mao and Lin Biao formed an alliance leading up to the Cultural Revolution in order for the purges to succeed.Mao need Lin's clout for his plan to work.In return, Lin was made Mao's successor.Somewhat later, it is unclear whether Lin was planning a military coup or an assassination attempt;he died trying to flee China, probably anticipating his arrest, in a suspicious plane crash over Mongolia.It was declared that Lin was planning to depose Mao, and he was posthumously expelled from the CPC.At this time, Mao lost trust in many of the top CPC figures.In 1969, Mao declared the Cultural Revolution to be over, although the official history of the People's Republic of China marks the end of the Cultural Revolution in 1976 with Mao's death.In the last years of his life, Mao was faced with declining health due to either Parkinson's disease or, according to Li Zhisui, motor neurone disease, as well as lung ailments due to smoking and heart trouble.Mao remained passive as various factions within the Communist Party mobilized for the power struggle anticipated after his death.When Mao could not swim any longer, the indoor swimming pool he had at Zhongnanhai was converted into a giant reception hall, according to Li Zhisui.Death Mao Zedong died at the age of 82, on September 9, 1976 at 10 minutes past midnight in Beijing.Mao had been in poor health for several years and had declined visibly for some months prior to his death.His body lay in state at the Great Hall of the People.A memorial service was held in Tiananmen Square on September 18, 1976.There was a three minute silence observed during this service.His body was later placed into the Mausoleum of Mao Zedong, although he wished to be cremated and had been one of the first high-ranking officials to sign the ”Proposal that all Central Leaders be Cremated after Death“ in November 1956.As anticipated after Mao’s death, there was a power struggle for control of China.On one side were the leftists led by the Gang of Four, who wanted to continue the policy of revolutionary mass mobilization.On the other side were the rightists, which consisted of two groups.One was the restorationists led by Hua Guofeng who advocated a return to central planning along the Soviet model.The other was the reformers, led by Deng Xiaoping, who wanted to overhaul the Chinese economy based on market-oriented policies and to de-emphasize the role of Maoist ideology in determining economic and political policy.Eventually, the moderates won control of the government.Deng Xiaoping defeated Hua Guofeng in a bloodless power struggle shortly afterwards.Cult of Mao

One of the reasons Mao is most remembered is the Cult of Mao, the personality cult that was created around him.Mao presented himself as an enemy of landowners, businessmen, and Western and American imperialism, as well as an ally of impoverished peasants, farmers and workers.Some argue that personality cults go against the basic ideas of Marxism.Stalin, however, circumvented this and began cultivating a cult of personality around himself and Lenin, even though Lenin expressly wished that no monuments be created after his death.Mao said the following about cults at the 1958 Party congress in Chengdu, where he expressed support for the idea of personality cults—even ones like Stalin's:

There are two kinds of personality cults.One is a healthy personality cult, that is, to worship men like Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Stalin.Because they hold the truth in their hands.The other is a false personality cult, i.e.not analysed and blind worship.In 1962, Mao proposed the Socialist Education Movement(SEM)in an attempt to ”protect“ the peasants against the temptations of feudalism and the sprouts of capitalism that he saw re-emerging in the countryside(due to Liu's economic reforms).Large quantities of politicised art were produced and circulated—with Mao at the centre.Numerous posters and musical compositions referred to Mao as ”A red sun in the centre of our hearts“(我們心中的紅太陽)and a ”Savior of the people“(人民的大救星).The Cult of Mao proved vital in starting the Cultural Revolution.China's youth had mostly been brought up during the Communist era, and they had been told to love Mao.Thus they were his greatest supporters.Their feelings for him were so strong that many followed his urge to challenge all established authority.In October 1966, Mao's Quotations From Chairman Mao Tse-Tung, which was known as the Little Red Book was published.Party members were encouraged to carry a copy with them and possession was almost mandatory as a criterion for membership.Over the years, Mao's image became displayed almost everywhere, present in homes, offices and shops.His quotations were typographically emphasised by putting them in boldface or red type in even the most obscure writings.Legacy Mao's legacy has produced a large amount of controversy.Many Chinese mainlanders continue to regard Mao Zedong as a great revolutionary leader, although they also believe that he made serious mistakes in his later life.According to Deng Xiaoping, Mao was ”seventy-percent right and thirty-percent wrong“, and his ”contributions are primary and his mistakes secondary.“ Some, including members of the Communist Party of China, hold Mao responsible for pulling China away from its biggest ally, the USSR, in the Sino-Soviet Split, while others admire his break with what Mao considered to be ”capitalist-roaders.“ The Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution were also considered to be major disasters in his policy by his critics and even many of his supporters.Mao has also been blamed for not encouraging birth control and for creating a demographic bump, which later Chinese leaders responded to with the one child policy.Supporters of Mao credit him with advancing the social and economic development of Chinese society.They point out that before 1949, for instance, the illiteracy rate in Mainland China was 80 percent, and life expectancy was a meager 35 years.At his death, illiteracy had declined to less than seven percent, and average life expectancy had increased to more than 70 years(alternative statistics also quote improvements, though not nearly as dramatic).In addition to these increases, the total population of China increased 57% to 700 million, from the constant 400 million mark during the span between the Opium War and the Chinese Civil War.Supporters also state that, under Mao's regime, China ended its ”Century of Humiliation“ from Western imperialism and regained its status as a major world power.They also state their belief that Mao also industrialized China to a considerable extent and ensured China's sovereignty during his rule.Some of Mao's supporters view the Kuomintang as having been corrupt and credit Mao with driving them off the Chinese mainland to Taiwan.They also argue that the Maoist era improved women's rights by abolishing

prostitution, a phenomenon that was to return after Deng Xiaoping and post-Maoist CPC leaders increased liberalization of the economy.Indeed, Mao once famously remarked that ”Women hold up half the heavens“.A popular slogan during the Cultural Revolution was, ”Break the chains, unleash the fury of women as a mighty force for revolution!“ Skeptics observe that similar gains in literacy and life expectancy occurred after 1949 in the small neighboring island country of Taiwan, which was ruled by Mao's opponents, namely Chiang Kai-Shek and the Kuomintang, even though they themselves perpetrated substantial repression in their own right.The regime that took over in Taiwan was composed of the same people ruling the Mainland for over 20 years when life expectancy was so low, yet life expectancy there also increased.However, the United States helped Taiwan with aid and infrastructure, along with Japan and other countries.Another comparison has been between India and China, where India was initially ahead of China in some health measures before Mao took over, but Communist-ruled China surpassed capitalist India in virtually every measure of economic and social development, a position supported by a study that Indian economist Amartya Sen wrote.Though it is worth noting that China did not have the same kind of ethnic and social problems that India did, such as the caste system.Mao believed that ”socialism [was] the only way out for China“ because the United States and other Western countries would not allow China to develop using theories such as Imperialism, as described by Lenin.The United States placed a trade embargo on China as a result of its involvement in the Korean War, lasting until Richard Nixon decided that developing relations with China would be useful in also dealing with the Soviet Union.Some people claim that while the Tigers(South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore)obtained favorable trade terms from the United States, most Third World capitalist countries did not, and they saw nothing like the economic growth of the Tigers.The other side of this debate argue that the disparity in per capita income between Taiwan and the mainland today demonstrates that Mao's statement may have been a self-fullfilling proposition.There is more consensus on Mao's role as a military strategist and tactician during the Chinese Civil War and the Korean War.Even among those who find Mao's ideology to be either unworkable or abhorrent, many acknowledge that Mao was a brilliant political and military strategist-Mao's military writings continue to have a large amount of influence both among those who seek to create an insurgency and those who seek to crush one.The ideology of Maoism has influenced many communists around the world, including third world revolutionary movements such as Cambodia's Khmer Rouge, Peru's Shining Path, the revolutionary movement in Nepal, and also claims influence of the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA.China has moved sharply away from Maoism since Mao's death, and most people outside of China who describe themselves as Maoist regard the Deng Xiaoping reforms to be a betrayal of Mao's legacy.Many in mainland China regard Mao as a revolutionary hero in the first half of his life but hold that he was corrupt after gaining power.However, most Chinese liberals eschew Mao's authoritarian tactics.Contemporary views about him in the PRC are affected by bans on some works that criticise Mao(including this article).The controversial Mao: the Unknown Story, by Jung Chang and Jon Halliday, provides a far less flattering picture of Mao than previous historical works do.Chang's book notes that Mao fabricated many myths about his background and youth to enhance his image as a true ”people's hero.“ It likewise contends that details relevant to key events in the Long March(in particular the 1935 Battle of Luding Bridge)were falsified.Open academic discussion of Mao's life is restricted by the official ”70% good, 30% bad“ verdict.As the Chinese government instituted free market economic reform in the early 21st century, it put less emphasis on studying Mao.For example, there was little state recognition of the 25th anniversary of Mao's death.This was a clear contrast with 1993, when the state organized numerous events and seminars commemorating Mao's 100th birthday.Nevertheless, unlike the denunciations of Stalin and ”Stalinism“ by Khrushchev during the Soviet era in Russia, the Chinese government has never officially repudiated the tactics of Mao.Critics of the government who uphold Mao's critique of the current rulers of China as betraying the core principals of socialism are also suppressed by the Chinese government.In the mid-1990s, Mao Zedong's picture began to appear on all new renminbi currency from the People’s Republic of China.This was officially instituted as an anti-counterfeiting measure as Mao's face is widely recognized in contrast to the generic figures that appear in older currency.On March 13, 2006, a story in the People's Daily reported that a proposal had been made to replace Mao's portrait on currency with that of Sun Yat-sen and Deng Xiaoping.Genealogy Mao Zedong had several wives which contributed to a large family.These were:

1.Luo Yixiu(羅一秀, 1889-1910)of Shaoshan: married 1907 to 1910

2.Ma Daiwei(馬代偉,1895-1947)of Xi'an;”the unpopular wife“, no children, married from 1912-1920, believed to have died of cancer

3.Yang Kaihui(楊開慧, 1901-1930)of Changsha: married 1921 to 1927, executed by the Kuomintang in 1930

4.He Zizhen(賀子珍, 1910-1984)of Jiangxi: married May 1928 to 1939

5.Jiang Qing:(江青, 1914-1991), married 1939 to Mao's death

His ancestors were:

? Wen Qimei(文七妹, 1867-1919), mother

? Mao Yichang(毛貽昌, 1870-1920), father, courtesy name Mao Shunsheng(毛順生)

? Mao Enpu(毛恩普), paternal grandfather

He had several siblings:

? Mao Zemin(毛澤民, 1895-1943), younger brother

? Mao Zetan(毛澤覃, 1905-1935), younger brother

? Mao Zehong, sister(executed by the Kuomintang in 1930)

Mao Zedong's parents altogether had six sons and two daughters.Two of the sons and both daughters died young, leaving the three brothers Mao Zedong, Mao Zemin, and Mao Zetan.Like all three of Mao Zedong's wives, Mao Zemin and Mao Zetan were communists.Like Yang Kaihui, both Zemin and Zetan were killed in warfare during Mao Zedong's lifetime.Note that the character ze(澤)appears in all of the siblings' given names.This is a common Chinese naming convention.He had several children:

? Mao Anying(毛岸英): son to Yang, married to Liu Siqi(劉思齊), who was born Liu Songlin(劉松林), killed in action during the Korean War

? Mao Anqing(毛岸青): son to Yang, married to Shao Hua(邵華), son Mao Xinyu(毛新宇)

? Li Min(李敏): daughter to He, married to Kong Linghua(孔令華), son Kong Ji'ning(孔繼寧), daughter Kong Dongmei(孔冬梅)

? Li Na(李訥): daughter to Jiang(whose birth given name was Li), married to Wang Jingqing(王景清), son Wang Xiaozhi(王效芝)

Sources suggest that Mao did have other children during his revolutionary days;in most of these cases the children were left with peasant families because it was difficult to take care of the children while focusing on revolution.Two English researchers who retraced the entire Long March route in 2002-2003 located a woman who they believe might well be a missing child abandoned by Mao to peasants in

1935 Ed Jocelyn and Andrew McEwen hope a member of the Mao family will respond to requests for a DNA test.Writings

Mao is the attributed author of Quotations From Chairman Mao Tse-Tung, known in the West as the ”Little Red Book“ and in Cultural-revolution China as the ”Red Treasure Book"(紅寶書): this is a collection of short extracts from his speeches and articles, edited by Lin Biao and ordered topically.Mao wrote several other philosophical treatises, both before and after he assumed power.These include:

? On Practice(《實踐論》);1937

? On Contradiction(《矛盾論》);1937

? On Protracted War(《論持久戰(zhàn)》);1938

? On New Democracy(《新民主主義論》);1940

? Talks at the Yan'an Forum on Literature and Art(《在延安文藝座談會上的講話》);1942

? On the Correct Handling of the Contradictions Among the People(《正確處理人民內(nèi)部矛盾問題》);1957

? In Memory of Norman Bethune(《紀(jì)念白求恩》)

? The Foolish Old Man Who Removed the Mountains(《愚公移山》)

? Serve the People(《為人民服務(wù)》)

Mao was furthermore a skilled calligrapher with a highly personal style, and his calligraphy is still much visible in Mainland China.Poetry

Mao also wrote poetry, mainly in the classical ci and shi forms.His poems are all in the traditional Chinese verse style.Though Mao may not be one of the best Chinese poets, his poems are generally considered well written and of high literary quality.As did most Chinese intellectuals of his generation, Mao received rigorous education in Chinese classical literature, and thus his skill in poetry is of little surprise.His style was deeply influenced by the great Tang Dynasty poets Li Bai and Li He.He is considered to be a romantic poet, in constrast to the realist poets represented by Du Fu.Many of Mao's poems are still very popular in China.They are frequently quoted in popular culture, literature and daily conversations.Some of his most well-known poems are: Changsha(1925), The Double Ninth(1929.10), Loushan Pass(1935), The Long March(1935), Snow(1936.02), The PLA Captures Nanjing(1949.04), Reply to Li Shuyi(1957.05.11), and Ode to the Plum Blossom(1961.12).The general consensus is that his pre-1949 works are better.

第四篇：湖南韶山導(dǎo)游詞

好了，現(xiàn)在請大家注意一下，我們馬上就要進(jìn)入韶山了。大家看，前面有一幅對聯(lián)，左聯(lián)：為有犧牲多壯志，右聯(lián)：敢叫日月?lián)Q新天。大家都知道中國有四大火爐：長沙、南京、武漢、重慶。那么除了四大火爐外，最熱的地方是哪兒呢？對，韶山！因為韶山是紅太陽升起的地方嘛。

韶山旅游區(qū)位于湘潭市、韶山市。1994年被國務(wù)院確定為國家級風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)。總面積214平方公里，人口9.8萬，姓毛的人家占70%。韶山的整個地勢是由西北向東南逐漸傾斜的，東部為丘陵和較為開闊的地帶，西部山峰環(huán)繞，由于長年的封山育林，峰巒一片蔥郁。韶山最高峰韶峰是南岳衡山的第71峰，第72峰是岳麓峰。韶山是一塊風(fēng)水寶地，關(guān)于它的傳說都是美麗的。傳說當(dāng)年舜帝南巡，來到了湖南，來到了韶山，見此風(fēng)景宜人，心情十分愉快。便令隨從奏起了韶樂（當(dāng)時的一種宮庭音樂），這一奏，忽然一瞬間，只見百鳥歡躍，附近的飛禽走獸都聞聲而起，歡歌起舞。由于附近全是山林地帶，后來人們便根據(jù)舜帝用韶樂引來百鳥的故事，這地方叫做韶山。韶山的韶拆開就是音召，正是取這個意思啦。以韶字命名的還有韶山?jīng)_、韶峰、韶河等。韶山的傳說很多，除此之外，還有關(guān)乾隆的。據(jù)說，清朝乾隆曾斷言，他說韶山是塊風(fēng)水寶地，500年內(nèi)必出真命天子，此人的姓必是“反手掌乾坤”。果然不出所料，1893，誕生了我們的一代偉人毛澤東，同時也正巧驗證了乾隆的話。大家可以試著寫一下，把手掌的“手”字最后一筆反過來是什么字，反手掌乾坤就是毛字。

毛主席的母親文氏是湘鄉(xiāng)人，文氏在家中排行老七，別人都叫她文七妹。因為文氏家的祖墳在韶山，為了清明節(jié)上墳的時候有個落腳的地方，文氏的父親就將文七妹嫁到韶山，嫁給了毛主席的父親毛順生。文氏比毛順生大三歲，俗話說：“女大三，抱金磚”，在當(dāng)?shù)孛樕依飾l件還算是可以的。在文氏生下毛澤東的前一天晚上，毛順生做了一個奇怪的夢，夢見一條飛龍翹首東望，遲遲不肯離去。在1893年12月26日一個漆黑的夜晚，電閃雷鳴，狂風(fēng)大作，一代偉人誕生了。毛澤東從小接到外婆家，在外婆家的山后有一塊非常像人形的巨石，人們稱為石觀音，他外婆便把他帶到石觀音面前，拜為干娘，以保佑他茁壯成長，石兒伢子由此而來了。

毛主席的父親毛順生是個很精明的生意人，他對父親的做法非常反感，所以時常頂撞父親。有一次，他父親將其生意上的朋友，請到家中做客，叫毛澤東招待一下，但毛澤東死命不從，便逃出家門，其父親毛順生追出來，毛澤東便跑到池塘邊威脅父親：“如果再逼我，就跳下去”，毛順生當(dāng)時非常擔(dān)心，因為兩個大兒子夭折了，害怕再失去一個，只好作罷。毛主席是非常孝順?biāo)赣H的，有一次跟父親斗氣，一連十幾天沒跟父親說話，母親見不過勸他，給他父親跪下認(rèn)錯，毛澤東跪下說：“母親，這只腿是為你而跪的。”

好了，待會兒，我們要參觀的一個景點，就是毛主席銅像廣場。毛主席銅像高10.1米，重3.7噸。10.1米意味著10月1號，中華人民共和國成立的日子。所以毛主席銅像是取自于開國大典上的一個形象，主席手執(zhí)發(fā)言稿、身穿中山裝、面帶微笑。韶山?jīng)_的沖意就是山谷中的一塊平地，那么毛主席銅像廣場就處于韶山?jīng)_這塊平地的中心部位。毛主席銅像由南京晨光制造廠制造，由我國為著名雕刻家劉開梁和程允賢先生雕刻，歷時120天。毛主席銅像于1993年12月6日從南京啟運，一路經(jīng)江蘇、安徽、湖北、江西進(jìn)入湖南。當(dāng)運載毛主席銅像的汽車隊開到江西井崗山的時候，突然汽車熄火了。司機(jī)們反復(fù)檢修也沒查出什么問題。這時一位70多歲的老表說：“井崗山是毛主席最早走出深山，拿起槍桿子鬧革命的地方，他老人家想在這兒住一晚看一看?！钡搅说诙?，車子沒有經(jīng)過任何檢修，奇跡般地可以開動了。在江西與湖南交界處的一個“人”字型山坡上，天正下著瓢潑大雨，進(jìn)井崗山的路很滑，一百多輛車子都受到了不同程度的損傷，有的根本走不動，只有運載銅像的車子很順利，安然無恙地開過了井崗山。當(dāng)有記者問起司機(jī)時，司機(jī)說：“我想是得到毛主席的保佑了?！彼袁F(xiàn)在很多的司機(jī)都有在車子前面掛一個毛主席小像章，以求一路平安。

衡山導(dǎo)游詞 ·張家界導(dǎo)游詞 ·南岳大廟導(dǎo)游詞 ·天心閣導(dǎo)游詞

關(guān)于毛主席銅像還出了一連串的奇事怪事，不知大家從新聞媒介中知道了多少。在此，小x就給大家說說吧！毛主席銅像揭幕儀式于1993年12月26日毛主席誕辰100周年之際正式舉行。江澤民主席親自從北京趕到韶山為毛主席銅像揭彩。當(dāng)天艷陽高照萬里無云，但奇怪的是，上午10:30左右，月亮也出來了。銅像的左邊是太陽，右邊是月亮，太陽與月亮相互照映，照得整片天空通亮。于是形成了千載難逢、非常罕見的天文奇觀――日月同輝。當(dāng)時正值12月份，而滿山的杜鵑花頓時也全部盛開了，以毛主席故居山后的開得最艷。大家都知道，杜鵑花一般是在每年的三至四月份期間開放，而這次則是在寒冬臘月之際，比以往的開花季節(jié)提前了幾個月。難道不能說是一件有違自然規(guī)律的事情？那時舜帝南巡、乾隆預(yù)言，這些都只是傳說，沒有任何歷史根據(jù)、憑證。而日月同輝與杜鵑花開，是人們親眼所見，同時還有當(dāng)時攝下的盛況。于是人們說：毛主席太偉大了，他能使天隨人意變、花伴天意開。毛主席真神，他的光輝名字和豐功偉業(yè)將與日月同輝、與天地共存！待會兒，我們到了韶山就可以看到日月同輝和杜鵑花開的相片和實況錄相。當(dāng)時還不止這些奇怪的事。1993年12月26日，揭彩的那一刻，有6只彩色的大蝴蝶圍著主席銅像翩翩起舞，久久不肯離去。觀瞻者驚嘆不已，一老人介紹說是毛主席的六位親人：楊開慧、毛澤民、毛澤翠、毛岸英、毛楚雄、毛英建來給主席祝壽了。

各位團(tuán)友，像這樣的一件奇事、怪事單獨的發(fā)生并不算什么，但一連串的奇事、怪事在同一時間、同一地點、同一個人身上，就不得不承認(rèn)這真是太奇特了。主席畢竟是偉人，他老人家雖然離開了我們，但冥冥之中仍活在我們身邊，活在我們心中。所以毛主席銅像被稱為“東方的一尊神像”。

大家到韶山游覽一次，肯定是要帶些紀(jì)念品回去，象主席像章、主席項鏈、鑰匙扣、毛主席集郵冊等等。這些都是非常常見的、非常普通的。那么到底哪種才是最好的、最具有收藏價值的呢？我想作為導(dǎo)游，小x有義務(wù)、有責(zé)任為大家引導(dǎo)啦。在韶山最珍貴的紀(jì)念品莫過于由國家中央檔案局批準(zhǔn)、發(fā)行的毛主席銅像。這種小銅像是1999年12月10為慶祝澳門回歸而發(fā)行的。（小銅像是銅像廣場銅像形象縮小100倍）到目前為止，已發(fā)行了四個版本，銅像由中央檔案局統(tǒng)一編號，從0001號到9999號，總共9999枚。為什么只發(fā)行9999而不是9998或10000尊呢？因為毛主席一生與9特別有緣。大家不妨跟小x一起回憶一下，在1949年9月9日率領(lǐng)解放軍攻入了北京；1976年9月9日，是毛主席逝世的日子。那么還有一個9字呢，則是九五之尊的意思了，也象征著毛主席的地位是不可動搖不可替代的。毛主席銅像一經(jīng)發(fā)行，第一號0001號及最后一號9999號就馬上被原湖南省委書記王茂林和國家主席江澤民請去了。因為0001表示起點，毛主席出生在韶山，出生在湖南，第0001號小銅像當(dāng)然要留在湖南了?，F(xiàn)在王茂林將0001號主席銅像捐贈給了省博物館保存了。而9999表示九五之尊，理所當(dāng)然只有主席才能擁有了。如果大家細(xì)心的話，有時偶爾會在電視上看到江澤民總書記辦公桌上擺著一尊毛主席小銅像，那就是第9999號小銅像了。

待會兒，大家請銅像時一定要注意以下幾點：第一，毛主席小銅像是由韶山市旅游管理局在國營韶山故居商場定點發(fā)行的，其它地方的小銅像沒有唯一的珍藏編號。真正的毛主席小銅像是紫銅制成的。其它的有的是玻璃銅、瓷的、石灰的。第二，大家在請毛主席小銅像時，一定要注意是“請”，而不是買。用買字就是對毛主席的不尊敬了，韶山人聽見了是很不高興的了。第三，如果大家要買一般的紀(jì)念品，在小商販?zhǔn)种芯涂少I到，他們不用交稅，價格也很便宜。

等一下我們到了定點發(fā)行處會有專門的講解員為大家講解。好了，大家等會兒一定不要忘了，如果大家有興趣，一定要把主席請回家了，請一尊神像，帶上主席的一點靈氣，保佑家人平平安安、幸福健康！

第五篇：湖南韶山導(dǎo)游詞

湖南韶山導(dǎo)游詞

好了，現(xiàn)在請大家注意一下，我們馬上就要進(jìn)入韶山了。大家看，前面有一幅對聯(lián)，左聯(lián)：為有犧牲多壯志，右聯(lián)：敢叫日月?lián)Q新天。大家都知道中國有四大火爐：長沙、南京、武漢、重慶。那么除了四大火爐外，最熱的地方是哪兒呢？對，韶山！因為韶山是紅太陽升起的地方嘛。

韶山旅游區(qū)位于湘潭市、韶山市。1994年被國務(wù)院確定為國家級風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)?？偯娣e214平方公里，人口9.8萬，姓毛的人家占70%。韶山的整個地勢是由西北向東南逐漸傾斜的，東部為丘陵和較為開闊的地帶，西部山峰環(huán)繞，由于長年的封山育林，峰巒一片蔥郁。韶山最高峰韶峰是南岳衡山的第71峰，第72峰是岳麓峰。韶山是一塊風(fēng)水寶地，關(guān)于它的傳說都是美麗的。傳說當(dāng)年舜帝南巡，來到了湖南，來到了韶山，見此風(fēng)景宜人，心情十分愉快。便令隨從奏起了韶樂（當(dāng)時的一種宮庭音樂），這一奏，忽然一瞬間，只見百鳥歡躍，附近的飛禽走獸都聞聲而起，歡歌起舞。由于附近全是山林地帶，后來人們便根據(jù)舜帝用韶樂引來百鳥的故事，這地方叫做韶山。韶山的韶拆開就是音召，正是取這個意思啦。以韶字命名的還有韶山?jīng)_、韶峰、韶河等。韶山的傳說很多，除此之外，還有關(guān)乾隆的。據(jù)說，清朝乾隆曾斷言，他說韶山是塊風(fēng)水寶地，500年內(nèi)必出真命天子，此人的姓必是“反手掌乾坤”。果然不出所料，1893，誕生了我們的一代偉人毛澤東，同時也正巧驗證了乾隆的話。大家可以試著寫一下，把手掌的“手”字最后一筆反過來是什么字，反手掌乾坤就是毛字。毛主席的母親文氏是湘鄉(xiāng)人，文氏在家中排行老七，別人都叫她文七妹。因為文氏家的祖墳在韶山，為了清明節(jié)上墳的時候有個落腳的地方，文氏的父親就將文七妹嫁到韶山，嫁給了毛主席的父親毛順生。文氏比毛順生大三歲，俗話說：“女大三，抱金磚”，在當(dāng)?shù)孛樕依飾l件還算是可以的。在文氏生下毛澤東的前一天晚上，毛順生做了一個奇怪的夢，夢見一條飛龍翹首東望，遲遲不肯離去。在1893年12月26日一個漆黑的夜晚，電閃雷鳴，狂風(fēng)大作，一代偉人誕生了。毛澤東從小接到外婆家，在外婆家的山后有一塊非常像人形的巨石，人們稱為石觀音，他外婆便把他帶到石觀音面前，拜為干娘，以保佑他茁壯成長，石

兒伢子由此而來了。

毛主席的父親毛順生是個很精明的生意人，他對父親的做法非常反感，所以時常頂撞父

親。有一次，他父親將其生意上的朋友，請到家中做客，叫毛澤東招待一下，但毛澤東死命

不從，便逃出家門，其父親毛順生追出來，毛澤東便跑到池塘邊威脅父親：“如果再逼我，就跳下去”，毛順生當(dāng)時非常擔(dān)心，因為兩個大兒子夭折了，害怕再失去一個，只好作罷。

毛主席是非常孝順?biāo)赣H的，有一次跟父親斗氣，一連十幾天沒跟父親說話，母親見不過勸

他，給他父親跪下認(rèn)錯，毛澤東跪下說：“母親，這只腿是為你而跪的?！?/p>

好了，待會兒，我們要參觀的一個景點，就是毛主席銅像廣場。毛主席銅像高10.1米，重3.7噸。10.1米意味著10月1號，中華人民共和國成立的日子。所以毛主席銅像是取自

于開國大典上的一個形象，主席手執(zhí)發(fā)言稿、身穿中山裝、面帶微笑。韶山?jīng)_的沖意就是山

谷中的一塊平地，那么毛主席銅像廣場就處于韶山?jīng)_這塊平地的中心部位。毛主席銅像由南

京晨光制造廠制造，由我國為著名雕刻家劉開梁和程允賢先生雕刻，歷時120天。毛主席銅

像于1993年12月6日從南京啟運，一路經(jīng)江蘇、安徽、湖北、江西進(jìn)入湖南。當(dāng)運載毛主

席銅像的汽車隊開到江西井崗山的時候，突然汽車熄火了。司機(jī)們反復(fù)檢修也沒查出什么問

題。這時一位70多歲的老表說：“井崗山是毛主席最早走出深山，拿起槍桿子鬧革命的地

方，他老人家想在這兒住一晚看一看?！钡搅说诙?，車子沒有經(jīng)過任何檢修，奇跡般地可

以開動了。在江西與湖南交界處的一個“人”字型山坡上，天正下著瓢潑大雨，進(jìn)井崗山的路很滑，一百多輛車子都受到了不同程度的損傷，有的根本走不動，只有運載銅像的車子很

順利，安然無恙地開過了井崗山。當(dāng)有記者問起司機(jī)時，司機(jī)說：“我想是得到毛主席的保

佑了。”所以現(xiàn)在很多的司機(jī)都有在車子前面掛一個毛主席小像章，以求一路平安。

關(guān)于毛主席銅像還出了一連串的奇事怪事，不知大家從新聞媒介中知道了多少。在此，小x就給大家說說吧！毛主席銅像揭幕儀式于1993年12月26日毛主席誕辰100周年之際

正式舉行。江澤民主席親自從北京趕到韶山為毛主席銅像揭彩。當(dāng)天艷陽高照萬里無云，但

奇怪的是，上午10:30左右，月亮也出來了。銅像的左邊是太陽，右邊是月亮，太陽與月亮

相互照映，照得整片天空通亮。于是形成了千載難逢、非常罕見的天文奇觀――日月同輝。

當(dāng)時正值12月份，而滿山的杜鵑花頓時也全部盛開了，以毛主席故居山后的開得最艷。大

家都知道，杜鵑花一般是在每年的三至四月份期間開放，而這次則是在寒冬臘月之際，比以

往的開花季節(jié)提前了幾個月。難道不能說是一件有違自然規(guī)律的事情？那時舜帝南巡、乾隆

預(yù)言，這些都只是傳說，沒有任何歷史根據(jù)、憑證。而日月同輝與杜鵑花開，是人們親眼所

見，同時還有當(dāng)時攝下的盛況。于是人們說：毛主席太偉大了，他能使天隨人意變、花伴天

意開。毛主席真神，他的光輝名字和豐功偉業(yè)將與日月同輝、與天地共存！待會兒，我們到

了韶山就可以看到日月同輝和杜鵑花開的相片和實況錄相。當(dāng)時還不止這些奇怪的事。1993年12月26日，揭彩的那一刻，有6只彩色的大蝴蝶圍著主席銅像翩翩起舞，久久不肯離去。觀瞻者驚嘆不已，一老人介紹說是毛主席的六位親人：楊開慧、毛澤民、毛

澤翠、毛岸英、毛楚雄、毛英建來給主席祝壽了。

各位團(tuán)友，像這樣的一件奇事、怪事單獨的發(fā)生并不算什么，但一連串的奇事、怪事在同一時間、同一地點、同一個人身上，就不得不承認(rèn)這真是太奇特了。主席畢竟是偉人，他

老人家雖然離開了我們，但冥冥之中仍活在我們身邊，活在我們心中。所以毛主席銅像被稱

為“東方的一尊神像”。

待會兒，大家請銅像時一定要注意以下幾點：第一，毛主席小銅像是由韶山市旅游管理

局在國營韶山故居商場定點發(fā)行的，其它地方的小銅像沒有唯一的珍藏編號。真正的毛主席

小銅像是紫銅制成的。其它的有的是玻璃銅、瓷的、石灰的。第二，大家在請毛主席小銅像時，一定要注意是“請”，而不是買。用買字就是對毛主席的不尊敬了，韶山人聽見了是很不高興的了。第三，如果大家要買一般的紀(jì)念品，在小商販?zhǔn)种芯涂少I到，他們不用交稅，價格也很便宜。

等一下我們到了定點發(fā)行處會有專門的講解員為大家講解。好了，大家等會兒一定不要忘了，如果大家有興趣，一定要把主席請回家了，請一尊神像，帶上主席的一點靈氣，保佑家人平平安安、幸福健康！