第一篇：2010年考研英語作文議論文寫作

2010年考研英語作文議論文寫作范文

UNIT Ⅰ九大主題詞匯

一 計(jì)算機(jī)、通訊類

計(jì)算機(jī)

commit computer crimes 進(jìn)行電腦犯罪活動

Most computer crimes can be traced back to hackers.大多數(shù)計(jì)算機(jī)犯罪都是電腦黑客干的。

access the Internet 進(jìn)入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

accomplish the operation simply with a click of the keys 敲擊鍵盤即可完成操作

administrator 管理員

auto search 自動搜索

bandwidth 寬帶

be multilingual 可以使用多種語言

be networked with ? 與?聯(lián)網(wǎng)

be no longer imaginary 不再是幻想

blogger 寫博客的人

chat on-line in Internet 網(wǎng)上聊天

distance learning 遠(yuǎn)程教育

on shopping on-line 進(jìn)行網(wǎng)上購物

facilitate the growth of the cyber-economy 推動網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展

Internet café 網(wǎng)吧

Internet fans 網(wǎng)迷

Internet geek/netter 網(wǎng)蟲

Internet video chat 網(wǎng)上視頻聊天

It is difficult to know whether the information on the Internet is reliable or not.很難確定互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的信息是否可靠。

Millions of computers are connected to one another in a worldwide network called Internet.不計(jì)其數(shù)臺電腦在世界范圍內(nèi)互相聯(lián)系在一起稱作互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

Printed sources continue to remain an important method for researching materials.使用印制資料仍然是獲得研究資源的重要方法。

provide on-line employment services to job seekers 為求職者提供網(wǎng)上擇業(yè)服務(wù)

There is an advantage to being multilingual.懂得多種語言很有益處。

with the gradual popularization of the Internet 隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的不斷普及

put out your message through E-mail 使用電子郵件發(fā)出訊息

net-addiction 網(wǎng)癮

provide entertainment in the form of computerized games 提供電子游戲形式的娛樂

其他通訊手段

allow people to carry telephone with them all the time 使人們能夠隨時(shí)隨身攜帶電話

Calls were connected manually by switchboard operators.過去電話由接員人工接通。

Cellular telephones are portable units that can be used away from home.手機(jī)是出門在外也可以使用的便攜裝置。

Cellular telephones can be used to access information virtually anywhere and anytime.手機(jī)實(shí)際上可以用于隨時(shí)隨地接收信息。

make wireless communication possible 使無線通訊成為可能

phone can connect to the Internet 手機(jī)可以連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

send a short text message to sb.’s cell phone 給某人的手機(jī)發(fā)短信

cable television systems 有線電視系統(tǒng)

digital television 數(shù)字電視

pick up the signals from satellites 通過衛(wèi)星接收信號

provide a large number of(many more)channels 提供很多(更多)頻道

satellite television service 衛(wèi)星電視業(yè)務(wù)

advances in digital communications 數(shù)字通訊的發(fā)展

improve the quality and efficiency of telecommunication 提高遠(yuǎn)程通訊的質(zhì)量和效率

modern digital telecommunication 現(xiàn)代數(shù)字遠(yuǎn)程通訊

send messages faster and more accurately 更快、更準(zhǔn)確地傳送信息 二經(jīng)濟(jì)、改革類

旅游業(yè)

About six or seven percent of the Gross National Product comes from tourism.國民生產(chǎn)總值的6%-7%來自旅游業(yè)。

be one of the major industries of this country 是該國主要產(chǎn)業(yè)之一

belong to the service industry 屬于服務(wù)性行業(yè)

benefit through peaceful development and cultural understanding 從和平發(fā)展和文化認(rèn)同中獲益

carry exchange and investment to ? 吸引交流和投資到?

focus attention on the role tourism can play in elimination of poverty 重視旅游業(yè)對消除貧困的作用

serve as a dynamic catalyst of emploment, wealth, investment and poverty elimination 對就業(yè)、財(cái)富、投資和擺脫貧困起到有力的催化作用

Tourism business preserves cultural and heritage traditions.旅游業(yè)保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)和文化遺產(chǎn)。

do-it-yourself/independent travel 自助游

during the height of travel 在旅游的高峰季節(jié)

golden week for tourism 旅游黃金周 visit historic sites/spots 參觀歷史名勝

農(nóng)業(yè)

be not fertile enough to justify cropping 不夠肥沃，所以不值得耕種

cultivate inferior 開墾貧瘠土地

The supply of good land is limited.良田資源是有限的。

to feed a large population 養(yǎng)活眾多的人口

cause pollution and health problems 引起污染和健康問題

chemical fertilizer 化肥

destroy harmful insects 消滅害蟲

Insecticides also kill helpful insects.殺蟲劑也會殺死益蟲。

save water during irrigation 節(jié)水灌溉

use up ground water 用盡地面水

increase food production to help feed the growing world population 提供糧食產(chǎn)量為不斷增加的世界人口提供食物

keep soil from drying out and prevents the loss of soil 避免土壤干化和流失

One important form of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks.土壤保持的一個(gè)重要方法是利用防風(fēng)林。

be carried out in a way that does not damage the environment 以一種不破環(huán)環(huán)境的方式被執(zhí)行

avoid a possible grain shortage 避免可能出現(xiàn)的糧食短缺

deserve to be called a broad-minded policy 應(yīng)被視為有長遠(yuǎn)眼光的策略

invest more in agricultural technology 加大對于農(nóng)業(yè)科技的投資

Sustainable development methodes are designed to save resources.開展可持續(xù)發(fā)展的目的在于節(jié)約資源。3 政治

Political systems have evolves over several centuries.政治制度是經(jīng)歷了好幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的發(fā)展演變而來的。

undergo an economic and political transformation 經(jīng)歷經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治變革

well handle the relations among reform, development and stability 妥善處理改革、發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定之間的關(guān)系

accoplish the great cause of national reunification 完成祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)

contribute to international peace and prosperity 為國際和平和繁榮作貢獻(xiàn)

經(jīng)濟(jì)

attract more foreign investment 吸引更多外國投資

resources-efficient development mode 有效利用資源型發(fā)展模式

sharpen the international competitiveness 加強(qiáng)國際競爭力

secure the fair competition on the marker 保障市場上公平競爭

place emphasis on the future development 強(qiáng)調(diào)未來發(fā)展

try to gain a large market share 謀求更大的市場份額

maintain the competitiveness in market contests 保持在市場競爭中的競爭力

reserve and promote the sound and cooperative economic and trade tries between the two countries 保持和促進(jìn)兩國之間穩(wěn)健合作的經(jīng)濟(jì)和貿(mào)易聯(lián)系 三 教育、就業(yè)類

教育

achieve universal comsulsory education 普及全民義務(wù)教育

adult education 成人教育

conduct the education of the younger generation 對年輕一代進(jìn)行教育

special education for the disabled children 為殘疾兒童開設(shè)特殊教育

spread education 推廣教育

take education seriously 重視教育

be firmly convinced that education pays 堅(jiān)信受教育是有益的

borrow heavily from the western traditions in education 在教育上大量借鑒西方慣例

develop a well-informed, critically thinking, and civically engaged citizenry 培養(yǎng)知識豐富、善于獨(dú)立思考、能很好履行義務(wù)的公民

Family education is as important as public education.家庭教育和學(xué)校教育一樣重要。

Knowledge is priceless treasure.知識是無價(jià)之寶。

talent training and quality education 人才培養(yǎng)和素質(zhì)教育

transmit to youth the best of our culture 將我們最優(yōu)秀的文化傳給青年一代

understand the necessity of education 懂得教育的必要性

alleviate/reduce/lighten burdens on the students of elementary and secondary schools 減輕中小學(xué)生負(fù)擔(dān)

arouse attention from all sectors of society 引起全社會的注意

call for alleviating burdens on students 呼吁減輕學(xué)生負(fù)擔(dān)

Children get a better education today than at any time in the past.今天的孩子受的教育比以往任何時(shí)候都要好。

Edution must be conbined with practice.教育必須與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合。

A college education in the United States in expensive.美國大學(xué)教育的費(fèi)用昂貴。

Increasing enrollment causes a sharp rise in educational costs.擴(kuò)大招生導(dǎo)致教育費(fèi)用急劇上升。

Students pay their tuition fees and living costs from income earned through the work-study program.學(xué)生用勤工儉學(xué)的收入繳納學(xué)習(xí)費(fèi)用和生活費(fèi)用。

教學(xué)及教學(xué)方法

adopt a new approach in teaching 在教學(xué)中采用一套新做法

allow more time for individual instrucion and group discussion 給予更多時(shí)間做個(gè)人指導(dǎo)和小組討論

impart knowledge to one’s students 把知識傳授給學(xué)生

involve both bearning and teaching 涉及教與學(xué)兩方面

make radical improvements in teaching 從根本上改進(jìn)教學(xué)

stick to the traditional teaching methods 固守傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)法

teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教

教學(xué)管理

(1)學(xué)校

abide by the school rules 遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)章

collect subscription for the putting up of a charity school 募捐籌建慈善學(xué)校

found an establishment of a private school 建立私利學(xué)校

make the most economical of school facilities 充分利用學(xué)校資源

part-work and part-study school 半工半讀學(xué)校

(2)學(xué)生

be a good student in comparison with sb.與某人相比，算是好學(xué)生

be concerned about the students ideology 從思想上關(guān)心學(xué)生

be heavily burdened with schoolwork 學(xué)校功課負(fù)擔(dān)太重

dropouts 輟學(xué)者

encourage the students to think their own thoughts 鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生獨(dú)立思考

errors common among students 學(xué)生常犯的錯(cuò)誤

give heart to students 鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生

give individual attention to each student 給每個(gè)學(xué)生以個(gè)別關(guān)注

Good teachers impart wisdom to his students.好老師賦予學(xué)生智慧。

It is the duty of a student to study hard.努力學(xué)習(xí)是學(xué)生的本分。

self-supporting graduate student 自費(fèi)研究生

try one’s best to have the students take the initiative in learning 盡力調(diào)動學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性

(3)學(xué)科

a developing borderline science 一門正在發(fā)展的邊緣科學(xué)

an extensive subject 一門內(nèi)容廣博的學(xué)科

complete undergraduate study 完成本科學(xué)業(yè)

inspire self-conscious debates over the worth of a business degree 引發(fā)有關(guān)工商學(xué)位價(jià)值的討論

Science and technology are productive forces.科學(xué)技術(shù)是生產(chǎn)力。

this subject and its numerous ramifications 這門學(xué)科以及它的許多分支

(4)課程

a great number of students are enrolled in ? 大量學(xué)生報(bào)名?

approaches to teaching science and math vary 科學(xué)課和數(shù)學(xué)課的教學(xué)方法有所不同

arrange the curriculum 安排課程

at the end of the course 結(jié)業(yè)時(shí)

Graduate study is more intensive and specialized.研究生學(xué)習(xí)更精深、更專業(yè)。

have less courses, but in greater depth 課程少一些，但更深入

non-required subjects 選修課

(5)招生

a form of application for enrollment 大學(xué)申請表

enroll in a college without being strongly motivated 不迫切希望報(bào)名就讀某大學(xué)

enter for an examination 報(bào)名參加考試

Entrance requirements differ greatly.入學(xué)條件很不一樣。

increase enrollment 擴(kuò)招

(6)學(xué)歷及文憑

acknowledge a diploma of graduation 公證一份學(xué)位證書

be granted an official certificate from ? 被授予由?頒發(fā)的正式證書

confer diplomas on members of the graduating class 向畢業(yè)生頒發(fā)學(xué)位證

education with record of formal schooling 學(xué)歷教育

obtain a license or a certificate for one’s job or career 獲得從事自己工作或職業(yè)的執(zhí)照或證書

pursue graduate study 讀研究生

try to obtain the undergraduate diploma through self-taught study 試圖通過自學(xué)獲得本科文憑

(7)體制和管理

adopt an academic credit system 采取學(xué)分制

be a student of fine qualities and fine scholar 品學(xué)兼優(yōu)

broad mental development 全面的智能發(fā)展

develop an interest in learning 培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)興趣

drop out of school 退學(xué)

further education 深造

implementing the new standards 實(shí)施新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

investigate all sides of a question and all possible solutions to a problem 調(diào)查研究問題的各個(gè)方面及各種可能的解決方法

learn admission status 了解錄取情況

letter of recommendation 推薦信

meet the standards 符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

possess both political integrity and professional ability 德才兼?zhèn)?/p>

shake their confidence 動搖他們的信心

學(xué)習(xí)

(1)目標(biāo)與動機(jī)

achieve the goal one has set for oneself 達(dá)到為自己確立的目標(biāo)

be completely absorbed in study 把精力完全貫注在學(xué)習(xí)上

derive pleasure from one’s studies 從學(xué)習(xí)中獲得樂趣

distract one’s mind from one’s study 分散某人學(xué)習(xí)的注意力

learn through one’s valuable experience 從自己寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)

neglect one’s studies 忽視自己的學(xué)習(xí)

place the study ahead of anything else 把學(xué)習(xí)放在第一位

stimulate oneself to study 發(fā)奮學(xué)習(xí)

study harder under the stimulus of praise 在表揚(yáng)的激勵(lì)下更加努力學(xué)習(xí)

study assiduously and perseveringly 持之以恒地刻苦學(xué)習(xí)

(2)方法和習(xí)慣

gain new insights through restudying old material 溫故而知新

lay the basis for further study 為進(jìn)一步深造奠定基礎(chǔ)

store/stock one’s mind with knowledge 用知識充實(shí)頭腦

Unless you study hard you will not pass the exam.除非你用功，否則不會及格

(3)考試

a certificate examination 證書考試

be quite confident of passing the examination 堅(jiān)信自己能通過考試

conduct an examination 舉行考試

gain distinction in the examination 考試成績優(yōu)秀

take part in the entrance exams for graduate school 考研

We should study hard at ordinary times to avoid making a frantic last-minute effort.我們應(yīng)該平時(shí)多燒香，免得考試時(shí)臨時(shí)抱佛腳。

(4)考試，試卷

hand in an examination 交卷

machine scoring 機(jī)器閱卷

take a written examination 參加筆試

(5)成績

become complacent over any success 一有成績就自滿起來

carry forward one’s achievements 發(fā)揚(yáng)成績

come off with honors 以優(yōu)異成績通過

measure sb.’s success 衡量某人的成績(6)畢業(yè)

attent the graduation ceremony 參加畢業(yè)典禮

be assigned to work in the remote region after graduation 畢業(yè)后分配到邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)

be recommended to the postgraduate school after completing one’s regular college course 本科畢業(yè)后直升研究生

begin to work soon after graduating 畢業(yè)后不久開始工作

Entrance into college means employment security.進(jìn)入大學(xué)意味著工作有了保障。

fill all requirements for graduation 具備畢業(yè)的一切條件

gain graduate certificate/receive a diploma 獲得學(xué)位證書

have independent mind 會獨(dú)立思考

make full use of talents 使人盡其才

The job hunt faces this year’s graduates.本屆畢業(yè)生面臨就業(yè)問題。

university student’s innovative undertaking 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)

young people on the threshold of life 剛剛進(jìn)入社會的年輕人

就業(yè)

accept the editorship of a magazine 接受一家雜志的編輯工作

acquire a key position in an eminent company 在一著名公司身居要職

be assigned to the position of ? 被分配?的工作

be rapt in one’s new job 把精力貫注在新工作上

engage upon a new position 從事新職業(yè)

permanent occupation 固定職業(yè)

secure a more lucrative employment 獲得一份賺錢更多的職業(yè)

seek a steady and well-paid job 找到既穩(wěn)定有待遇優(yōu)厚的工作

allow employees to contribute and to feel powerful and important 讓員工盡責(zé)盡力并意識到自己的作用和重要性

workaholic 工作狂

be adequate for the job 能夠勝任工作

be devoid of professional sense 缺乏職業(yè)觀念

be very conscientious in one’s work 對工作負(fù)責(zé)

Hard and honest work is the surest way to establishment.努力而誠實(shí)的工作是最可靠的成功之道。

keep pounding away at one’s work 持續(xù)努力工作

measure up to one’s job in every way 各方面都能勝任工作

put one’s whole soul into one’s work 全神貫注工作

dedicate the great portion of one’s life to ? 把一生的大部分時(shí)間致力于?

take pay cuts 接受降薪

an army of the unemployed 失業(yè)大軍

since depression began 自從經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條開始以來

unemployment insurance/payments 失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)/救助金

be fired 被解雇

be the right person 是合適的人選

go for the job interview 參加求職面試

go job hunting in the web 上網(wǎng)求職

rely on one’s own skills and capabilities for one’s success 依賴自己的技能和能力獲得成功

think sb.’s is qualified for the job 認(rèn)為某人有資格勝任這份工作

be optimistic and cooperative 樂觀向上，善于與人協(xié)作

get second starts in careers that have greater appeal to ? 重新開始一份對?有更大吸引力的工作

四 家庭類

老年人

guarantee for old age security 給老年人提供保障

live on pension 靠養(yǎng)老金生活

build up homes for the aged 建造老人院

As one gets older, he is more liable to have health problems.年紀(jì)大了容易添病。

Movement becomes difficult with age.隨著年事的增高行動變得困難。

The vigor of a person’s body lessens as he grows old.人到老年體力就變?nèi)趿恕?/p>

be calculated to prolong one’s life 延年益壽

think young and stay young 精神年輕就能保持年輕

three important things for a long old life: fresh air, fresh food, simple life 長壽的三要素：新鮮空氣、新鮮食物、簡單生活

Medical expenses remain a serious problem for the aged.醫(yī)療開支對于老年人是很大的困難。

be lonely and starving for companionship 因孤獨(dú)而渴望有人作伴

keep active, alert and open-minded 保持積極向上、機(jī)敏和開朗

The worst problems of the old age are health, loneliness and personal sagety.老年人最可怕的問題是健康、孤獨(dú)和個(gè)人安全。

have a close relationship with their children 與子女保持密切關(guān)系

The old and the young do not always understand each other.老年人與年輕人往往不能互相理解。

China is a nation that is proud of the virtue of filial piety.中國是一個(gè)以孝道為自豪的民族。

Filial piety is defined as “a son’s or daughter’s obedience to and respect for parents”.孝順指的是兒女對父母的順從和尊敬。

have the duty to support and assist one’s parents 有贍養(yǎng)扶助父母的義務(wù)

We should be considerate of the comfort of old people.我們應(yīng)該為老年人的舒適著想。

(2)婦女

Changes have taken place in the roles of women in society.婦女在社會中的作用發(fā)生了變化。

abolish all inequalities 消除各個(gè)方面的不平等

adhere to the principle of equality 堅(jiān)持平等的原則

compete with men in the professions on equal terms 在職業(yè)生涯上在同等條件下與男人競爭

eliminate sexual discrimination 消除性別歧視

enter the labor force 參加到勞動力大軍中來

liberate women from the kitchen 把婦女從廚房中解放出來

(3)養(yǎng)育子女

arrange for one’s children’s education 安排子女的教育事宜

give their children a first-rate education 使得孩子受到第一流的教育

have no control over the children at all 一點(diǎn)也管不住自己的孩子

make children fit to live in a society 使孩子們適合在社會中生存

Parents should be responsible for their child’s behavior.父母應(yīng)對子女的行為負(fù)責(zé)。

A judicious parent encourages his children to decide many things for themselves.明智的父母會讓孩子在許多事情上自己做決定。

All their affection is centered on their children.他們的全部愛都集中在孩子身上。

be too permissive with their children 對孩子有求必應(yīng)

be addicted to net games 迷戀網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲

be easily affected 易受影響

be self-centered 以自我為中心

develop strong dislike for studying 對讀書產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的反感情緒

have premature love affairs 早戀

never attain any independence and initiative 沒有養(yǎng)成獨(dú)立性和自覺性

play truant 逃學(xué)

suffer from nervousness, anxiety, depression and so on 感到緊張、不安、壓抑等

have heart-to-heart chats with them 與他們傾心交談

help sb.out of his honeliness 幫助某人擺脫孤獨(dú)

open the hot line 開通熱線

set a good example to his children 為孩子樹立好榜樣

五 文化類

bring culture to people 向人們傳播文化

culture industry 產(chǎn)業(yè)文化

screen cultrue 影視文化

classical art 古典藝術(shù)

costume art 服裝藝術(shù)

programs for prime time 黃金時(shí)段節(jié)目

chrity performance 義演

appear in public 出現(xiàn)在公眾面前

be well received/receive a warm welcome/be most welcome 受歡迎

big shot/top notch 大腕

enjoy privileges 享受特權(quán)

invite movie stars, sports stars or celebrities in entertainment or literature circles to shoot TV advertisements 請電影明星、體育明星、文藝界名人拍電視廣告

seek celebrity charm 追求明星效應(yīng)

successfully play to the gallery 成功地迎合低級趣味，討好觀眾

be careful about which program one wants to watch and which program one doesn’t 謹(jǐn)慎決定自己要看什么節(jié)目，不看什么節(jié)目

be both instructive and entertaining 既有教益又有娛樂性

play a posive/negative role in the life 在生活中起積極/消極作用

depend on what a person’s life-style is 取決于個(gè)人生活方式

occupy one’s spare time 占據(jù)業(yè)余時(shí)間

seldom think of the effect the program/show will have on sb.很少考慮節(jié)目對某人的影響

Television itself is neither good nor bad.電視本身無所謂好或壞。

watch rubbishy commercials 看低劣的電視廣告

escape from the boredom of daily life 逃離乏味的日常生活

culture shock 文化沖擊

experience a different culture 體驗(yàn)不同的文化

get into touch with other cultures 接觸其他文化

immerse oneself in different cultures 深入了解不同的文化

know how people live in defferent parts of the world 了解世界其他地方人們?nèi)绾紊?/p>

truly expand one’s mind 真正開闊眼界

widen/broaden/expand one’s mind 使心胸開闊

cultivate one’s tastes and relax 陶冶情操并休閑放松

far away from modern civilization 遠(yuǎn)離現(xiàn)代文明

It is not the fashion to do ? 現(xiàn)在不時(shí)興?

be too busy to find time to pursue a hobby 忙得無暇從事業(yè)余愛好活動

take hobbies to develop new interests 從事業(yè)余愛好活動以發(fā)展新的興趣

六 醫(yī)藥、健康類

cultivate/develop healthy habits in daily life 在日常生活中培養(yǎng)健康的習(xí)慣

form good living habits and reform the bad ones 養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣并摒棄壞的習(xí)慣

live a healthy and productive life 生活健康向上

Ads are not a good source of health care advice.對廣告做得保健宣傳不能太相信。

have to adapt to environment declines 不得不適應(yīng)惡化的環(huán)境

improve the health of the people 提高人民健康水平

七 自然與環(huán)境

accept the need for conservation of natural resources 認(rèn)識到保護(hù)自然資源的必要

accept the need for conservation of wildlife resources 認(rèn)識到保護(hù)野生動物的必要

be graceful for the benefits which nature has so 感謝大自然對我們的慷慨恩賜

follow the inexorable law of nature 遵循大自然的必然規(guī)律

the problems of the world water resources 世界水資源問題

limitable/limited resources 有限的資源

make full use of our nature conditions 最大限度地利用我們的自然條件

put particular emphasis on the preservation of natural resources 重視保護(hù)自然資源

the effect of physical environment upon man’s life 自然環(huán)境對人類生活的影響

utilize all available resources/put all available resources to use 利用一切可能的資源

bring unnecessary destruction to natural resources 對自然資源造成不必要的破壞

violate the rules of nature 違反自然規(guī)律

A great tidal wave swept the coast.強(qiáng)大的海嘯席卷沿海地區(qū)。

be plagued with soil erosion 遭受水土流失的困擾

global warming 全球變暖

have a severe shock of earthquake 經(jīng)受一次大地震

suffer a calamity 遭受災(zāi)害

make preparations against natural disaster 為預(yù)防自然災(zāi)害做準(zhǔn)備

establish a stable balance of nature 建立自然的穩(wěn)定平衡

recover from the effects of natural disasters 從自然災(zāi)害的影響中恢復(fù)過來

Any change will affect our life and our environment.任何變化都會影響我們的生活和環(huán)境。

Means of modern transportation consume too much energy.現(xiàn)代交通工具消耗過多能源。

An ecosystem must remain stable.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)必須保持穩(wěn)定。

ecological construction 生態(tài)建設(shè)

environmental greening 環(huán)境綠化

八 社會問題類

A major purpose of advertising is to construct a positive image about a company’s name and products.廣告宣傳的一個(gè)主要目的之一是公司的聲明和產(chǎn)品打造良好形象。

Advertising has become an indispensable means of selling goods.廣告宣傳已成為產(chǎn)品銷售的一個(gè)不可或缺的手段。

cheeky television ads 厚顏無恥的電視廣告

exaggerated ads 夸大其詞的廣告

False ads jeopardize consumer rights.虛假廣告侵犯消費(fèi)者的權(quán)利。

comply with the consumer protection law 遵守消費(fèi)者保護(hù)法

violate the consumer rights 侵犯消費(fèi)者的權(quán)利

avoid being a victim of fraud 避免成為欺詐受害者

be held accountable for the violation of law 被追究違法責(zé)任

piracy thriving in the virtual world 虛擬世界猖獗的盜版行為

take drastic actions against pirated goods 盜版商品的價(jià)值

九 體育類

Ball games are widespread.球類運(yùn)動很流行。

be in top condition at all times 隨時(shí)保持最佳競技狀態(tài)

be keen on surfing 喜歡沖浪運(yùn)動

be vigorous rather than skilful 與其說是身手不凡不如說是強(qiáng)壯有力

an upsurge in sports activities 體育運(yùn)動熱潮

develop mass sports activities 開展群眾性體育運(yùn)動

encourage athletics 鼓勵(lì)開展體育運(yùn)動

Exercise is the necessary to strengthen the body.運(yùn)動對于強(qiáng)身健體是必要的。

Exercise is the best preservative of health.運(yùn)動是最好的保健品。

Exercise makes one strong.生命在于運(yùn)動。

practice wholesome exercise 從事有益健康運(yùn)動

Relaxation exercises can free your body of tension.放松運(yùn)動可松緩身體的緊張。

Sports may be a safety valve for people’s violent feelings.運(yùn)動是可以使人的強(qiáng)烈感情得以發(fā)泄的穩(wěn)妥方式。

take regular exercise in the open 經(jīng)常參加戶外運(yùn)動

an unique heritage 獨(dú)特的遺產(chǎn)

carry forward the spirit of Olympics 發(fā)揚(yáng)奧運(yùn)精神

build up a good physique to defend the country 鍛煉身體，保衛(wèi)祖國

Do not become cocky/be dizzy with success, nor downcast over/discouraged by defeat.勝不驕，敗不餒。

high-morale and strong will;high-spirited and firmly-determinded 昂揚(yáng)的斗志和頑強(qiáng)的毅力

in the true spirit of the sportmanship 以真正的體育道德精神

spiritual pillar 精神支柱

UNIT Ⅱ 27個(gè)寫作高頻語匯

反面案例：good, I think 1 good的表達(dá)：

味覺 tasty, delicious, sweet 嗅覺 fragrant, delicious 視覺 beautiful, handsome, lovely, 觸覺 smooth, soft, 通用詞 satisfied, terrific, encouraged, positive，good man

good teacher good student

good book good advice

bad Top student, brilliant student, outstanding student Well-written, classic, thought-provoking, Helpful, useful, Negative, depressing, frightful 2 I think 表達(dá)的多樣性 單詞表達(dá)：

assume, argue, emphasize, insist, hold, consider, find, suggest, regard 短語表達(dá)： In my opinion, As far as I am concerned, For my part, As for me, When it comes to me, In my point of view, 危害 harm—damage, destroy, undermine do harm to/do good to do more harm than good do more good than harm 4 獲得 get—obtain, acquire 語域 5 解決 solve—settle, tackle, overcome 6 問題/ problem—trouble, headache, crisis, disaster 7 著名的famous—Prestigious, enjoy a high reputation 嚴(yán)重的 serious—severe, grave 快樂的 happy— Happiness, happily, make sb.happy 10 很多 many—Numerous, countless, a great number of

各種各樣的many kinds of — various kinds of/ all sorts of/ diverse kinds of 12 顯然地obviously — evidently 13 我相信I believe— I insist/ I maintain/ I am convinced 14 光明的未來bright future—brilliant / splendid/ promising 15 “問題”短語總匯

著手解決問題 address the problem/issue 減緩問題的危害性 alleviate the problem 造句：有三種辦法可以減緩問題的嚴(yán)重性。

使問題變得更加嚴(yán)重make the problem worse，complicate the problem 16 誤導(dǎo)mislead、misdirect、misguide

造句：有些廣告提供給消費(fèi)者誤導(dǎo)性信息。集中精力focus on、concentrate on 造句：大學(xué)生應(yīng)該集中精力于學(xué)習(xí)自己的專業(yè)知識。19 隨著

1)Along with the development of?

隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展 Along with the growth of ?

隨著人口的增長

Along with the wide use of ?

隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛使用

2)There is a growing tendency for?to ?

3)As the modern society has entered an information age /digital age /cyber age /Internet age, 時(shí)常more often than not /frequently

造句：第一印象經(jīng)常會決定面試者的命運(yùn)。

流行fashion / prevail / popularity / prevalence 準(zhǔn)備做set out to do/ be ready to do 過多的excessive, immoderate, rampant 巨大的huge / tremendous / enormous / massive 毫無疑問 There is no denying that?

It goes without saying that?

Without a doubt, ?

Undoubtedly, ?

按照，根據(jù)

in light of this/ in terms of/ in view of/ according to 與??有關(guān)

be connected with

be associated with

be linked with

be related to

concerning

Tips: 大學(xué)中的專業(yè)(理工科)

地理學(xué)：Geography

化學(xué)：Chemistry

數(shù)學(xué)：Mathematics

醫(yī)學(xué)：Medicine

生物學(xué)：Biology

物理學(xué)：Physics

建筑學(xué)：Architecture

航空學(xué)：Aeronautics

Tips: 大學(xué)中的專業(yè)(文科、藝術(shù)類)

文學(xué)：Literature

教育：Education；Pedagogics

法學(xué)：Law

經(jīng)濟(jì)：Economics

政治：Politics

宗教：Religion

音樂：Music

傳媒：Mass Media

旅游：Tourism

哲學(xué)：Philosophy UNIT Ⅲ 議論文十四大功能語匯 表示“觀點(diǎn)”

造句：大部分成年人認(rèn)為，健康對于幸福生活而言是必不可少的。面對這種問題，我認(rèn)為，我們需要考慮亮點(diǎn)。我認(rèn)為，在生活中，健康像空氣和水一樣重要。as短語總結(jié)： as busy as a bee as blue as sky as black as coffee as evil as a devil as pure as an angel as deep as ocean as strong as a horse 2 表示“重視”

give weight to/give stress to/attach importance to 造句：地方政府要重視特殊兒童教育的問題。3 表示“強(qiáng)調(diào)”

place weight on/ put emphasis on 造句：政府應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)“希望工程”的重要性。表示“贊同”

approve of /vote for /stand by 造句：有些人認(rèn)為真正的友誼基于相似的愛好。我支持這種觀點(diǎn)。5 表示“反對”

disapprove of /object to /be opposed to 造句：有人認(rèn)為，在當(dāng)今社會，金錢就是一切。我強(qiáng)烈反對這種觀點(diǎn)。6 表示“努力” make every effort to many efforts should be made to spare no effort to 造句：我們應(yīng)該結(jié)束任何虛假承諾的行為。7 表示“建議”

suggest/ advance/ put forward/ 造句：我建議每個(gè)人都可以保護(hù)民族文化的獨(dú)特性。

表示“原因” due to/ owing to/ 9 表示“決心”

be determined to make up one’s mind to be convinced to 造句：各行各業(yè)的人們決定資助那些上不起學(xué)的年輕人。10 表示“結(jié)論”

sb.may come to a conclusion that? sb.may arrive at a conclusion that ? sb.may reach a conclusion that ?

造句：因此，我們可以得出結(jié)論：自信在工作面試中很必要。因此，我們得出結(jié)論：中國文化既是國家的又是世界的。11 表示“堅(jiān)持” adhere to / insist on 堅(jiān)持主張persist in 造句：如果我們相信某件事情是值得做的，就應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持去做。worthwhile 12 表示“打算”mean to do / intend to do / attempt to do 13 表示“認(rèn)識到”be aware of / be conscious of / realize 表示“不同” differ from ?in? be different from? vary ?in?

UNIT Ⅳ 造句練習(xí)

復(fù)合句 賓語從句---寫作中，賓語從句可用來表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)。

I think that I love you。

主 謂 賓

賓語從句造句：

1)很多人認(rèn)為，那些著名運(yùn)動員不應(yīng)該得到那么高的工資。

2)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)與原油價(jià)格密切相關(guān)。

3)大學(xué)生們認(rèn)為，應(yīng)該在四級考試中舉行口試。

4)HR專家認(rèn)為，自信在面試中至關(guān)重要。

5)年輕人們覺得跳槽是一件司空見慣的事情。It 從句：

思考：it從句是什么從句？

It + be + a/an + 名詞+ that?

It + be + 形容詞+ that?

It + be + 過去分詞 + that?

It + be + a/an + 名詞+ that?

It is good news that?

It is a good thing that ?

It is no wonder that ?

It is common knowledge that ?

It is a miracle that ?。

It is a pity that ?

It is a shame that ?

It is a fact that?

It is an honor that ?

It is my belief that ?

造句：

1)有些年輕人不愿意贍養(yǎng)年邁的父母，這是一件令人遺憾的事情。

2)我相信這些孩子在災(zāi)難之后會回到校園。

3)他居然可以從這次地震當(dāng)中死里逃生，真是奇跡。

4)一個(gè)國家會從大災(zāi)難中變得日益強(qiáng)大，這是常識。

It + be + 形容詞+ that?

It is clear that ?

It is possible that?

It is certain that ?

It is necessary that ?

It is likely that?

It is obvious that?

deserve Economist economy Job-hunting, job-waiting, job-hopping

It is strange that?

It is fortunate that?

It is natural that?

造句：

1)每個(gè)人都要愛別人和被別人愛，這是很自然的。

2)幸運(yùn)的是，這個(gè)國家的每一位成員都愿意幫助深陷困境的人。

3)顯然，強(qiáng)烈的愿望會使得我們成功。

4)大部分年輕人都有必要選擇一位合適的偶像去崇拜。

It + be + 過去分詞 + that?

It is reported that?

It is said that?

It is believed that?

It is generally thought that?

It should be noted that ?。

It has been found that ?

It must be pointed out that? 造句：

1)據(jù)報(bào)道，這個(gè)超級巨星有成百萬的瘋狂粉絲。

2)必須指出的是，養(yǎng)寵物可以培養(yǎng)孩子的責(zé)任心。

3)人們相信，中國會在這次經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)中變得日益強(qiáng)大。

4)人們普遍認(rèn)為，韓國影星Rain還是挺帥的。

寫作實(shí)戰(zhàn)：把下列句子改寫成it作主語的句子——

1)That the world is round is a fact。

2)That smoking can cause cancer is true。

3)That English is becoming an international language is true。

4)That Mike failed his English exam was strange。

5)That he has been late for work over and over again is a serious matter。

定語從句

定語從句的兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵概念——先行詞、關(guān)系詞。

案例：God helps those who help themselves。

原則一：先行詞指人用who/whom

1)I am talking about friends who care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth living.I am talking about friends who you can share almost everything with。

2)He who is not handsome at twenty, nor strong at thirty, nor rich at forty, nor wise at fifty, will never be handsome, strong, rich, or wise。

3)There is this difference between happiness and wisdom: the person who thinks himself the happiest man really is so;but the person who thinks himself the wisest is generally the greatest fool。

4)The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only one page。

原則二：表示人或物的所有關(guān)系用whose

1)I know a friend whose brother is the CEO of IBM。

2)It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at the time。

3)Anger is a wind which blows out the lamp of the mind.4)He likes climbing mountains, which is a good exercise。

原則三：當(dāng)先行詞既是有人又有物時(shí)用that

The writer and his novels that the article deals with are quite familiar to us.原則四：先行詞指時(shí)間用when

I will never forget the day when I met you。

We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy。

March 10, 1876 was the day when the first complete sentence was sent over a telephone。

原則五：先行詞指地點(diǎn)where

This is the town where I spent my childhood。

寫作實(shí)戰(zhàn)：經(jīng)典的定語從句

1、God helps those who help themselves。

天助自助者。

2、A book that is shut is but a block。

不去翻動的書本不過是一塊磚頭。

3、Success is a process that begins from within。

成功是一個(gè)開始內(nèi)心的過程。

4、You must do the thing which you suppose you cannot do。

你一定要去做自己認(rèn)為做不到的事情。

5、A soldier who does not want to be a marshal is not a good soldier。

不想當(dāng)元帥的士兵不是好士兵。

6、There is no path that cannot be traveled。

沒有不能走的路。

7、He laughs best who laughs last。

誰笑到最后誰笑得最好。

4、狀語從句

狀語從句有幾種？

1、時(shí)間 when, while, as，The phone rang while I was taking my bath。

The door rang while we were watching TV。

We will leave as soon as it stops raining。

It began to rain immediately I arrived home。

注意：by the time 主要用于完成時(shí)態(tài)。

By the time I met Lily on campus, I had been love with Rose for 4 years.2、地點(diǎn) where

Stay where you are。

After you finish the book, put it where it was。

注：也可由wherever, anywhere和everywhere 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句

Wherever he happens to be, Clint can make himself at home。

個(gè)別狀語從句含有條件意味。

有志者，事竟成。

只要有愛，就會有財(cái)富和成功。

3、原因 because, as, for, since

Since “既然”

Since everyone is here, let’s get started。

4、結(jié)果 so?that?, such?that?

The food is so bad in the school café that flies go there to lose weight。So與such 的區(qū)別

He is such a good teacher that everyone likes him。He is so good a teacher that everyone likes him。

5、讓步although, though

6、條件 if, unless, so long as, as long as

7、目的 in order that?, so that?

In Hong Kong, we climbed high so that we could get a better view of the city。

8、比較(不作要求)the more ? the more ?

The more she practiced, the worse she sang。

The more we help others, the more we receive in return。

9、方式(不做要求)In the(same)way that?

狀語從句寫作實(shí)戰(zhàn)——

1、時(shí)間

當(dāng)社會進(jìn)入了信息化時(shí)代的時(shí)候，我們每天要面對很多巨大的變化。

3、原因

所有的國家都應(yīng)該重視環(huán)境保護(hù)，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)問題已經(jīng)阻礙了人類的發(fā)展。

4、結(jié)果

目前，體育運(yùn)動變得如此流行以至于成為了一種時(shí)尚。

5、讓步

盡管我缺乏工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但是我有較好的合作意識和團(tuán)隊(duì)意識。

6、條件(讓我們寫出詩一樣美麗的語言！)如果秋天走了，我會在雪地里等你；如果世界沒了，我會在天堂里等你； 如果你走了，我會在淚水中思念你；如果我走了，我會找一個(gè)人照顧你。

UNIT Ⅴ 文章欣賞

一

The quiet life of the country ahs never appealed to me.City born and city bred.I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasional visit during the weekend.Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country.Though they extol the virtues of the peaceful life, only one of hem has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months.Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life.He is forever talking about the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, the closeness to nature and the gentle pace of living.Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first cockcrow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures.This idyllic pastoral scene is only part of the picture.My friend fails to mention the long and friendless winter evenings in front of the TV--virtually the only form of entertainment.He says nothing about the poor selection of goods in the shops, or about those unfortunate people who have to travel from the country to the city every day to get to work.Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me.They could be saved so much misery and expense if they chose to live in the city where they rightly belong。

If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer.You never have to travel miles to see your friends.They invariably lie nearby and are always available for an informal chat or an evening's entertainment.Some of my acquaintances in the country come up to town once or twice a year to visit the theatre as a special treat.For them this is a major operation which involves considerable planning.As the play draws to its close, they wonder whether they will ever catch that last train home.The cit dweller never experiences anxieties of this sort.The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away.Shopping, too, is always a pleasure.The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away.Shopping, too, is always a pleasure.There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best.Country people run wild when they go shopping in the city and stagger home loaded with as many of the exotic items as they can carry.Nor is the city without its moments of beauty.There is something comforting about the warm glow shed by advertisements on cold wet winter nights.Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at weekends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country.It has always been a mystery to me who city dwellers, who appreciate all these things, obstinately pretend that they would prefer to live in the country。

二

People travelling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air.Hardly anyone can positively enjoy sitting in a train for more than a few hours.Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy.It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey.Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep.During the day, sleep comes in snatches.At night, when you really wish to go to sleep, you rarely manage to do so.If you are lucky enough to get a sleeper, you spend half the night staring at the small blue light in the ceiling, or fumbling to find you ticket for inspection.Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted.Long car journeys are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read.On motorways you can, at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater part of the journey is spent on roads with few service stations and too much traffic.By comparison, ferry trips or cruises offer a great variety of civilized comforts.You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, meet interesting people and enjoy good food--always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm.If it is not, and you are likely to get seasick, no form of transport could be worse.Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time.Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice holiday time for the pleasure of travlling by sea。

Aeroplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and even hardened travellers are intimidated by them.They also have the disadvantage of being an expensive form of transport.But nothing can match them for speed and comfort.Travelling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience.You do not have to devise ways of taking your mind off the journey, for an aeroplane gets you to your destination rapidly.For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight.The real escapist can watch a film and sip champagne on some services.But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied.An aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world.You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys.You really see the shape of the land.If the landscape is hidden from view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky.The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping.However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled.You will not have to spend the next few days recovering from a long and arduous journey。

附：

句子(要考慮邏輯性和連貫性兩大要素---句子內(nèi)部和句子之間)

確定句子結(jié)構(gòu)，突出重心---確定主語、謂語、賓語等成分，以判斷對句子結(jié)構(gòu)的理解無誤；

使用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)---必須考慮到非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)，如不定式和分詞的邏輯主語應(yīng)該與句子的主語一致，動名詞應(yīng)該起名詞的作用，獨(dú)立主格應(yīng)該有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語等；

使用從句---尤其是定語從句和狀語從句；

詞語

會使用小詞：challenge, opportunity等

使用各種短語：

動作指向性動詞詞組表示動詞，做謂語；

用含有否定意思的詞表示否定，如：fail to, instead of, rather than, anything but等

both ? and ?,not only ? but also, not because ? but because, more ? than等。

綜上，要想寫出一篇好文章，要兼顧：

從宏觀上先嚴(yán)密地組織，有邏輯性地展開；

從結(jié)構(gòu)上先清楚地闡明觀點(diǎn)，然后恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇寫作技巧支持各種觀點(diǎn)，或舉例，或描述，或分析前因后果或定義分類等；

從具體的詞匯語言使用上，盡量變換句型和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，避免用詞過多重復(fù)，靈活運(yùn)用語法知識。

技巧

1、如何提出議題

關(guān)于，至于：in(with)relation to ?;in(with)regard to(of)?;as regards ?;as concerns ?;in(with)reference to ?;in point of ?;as to ?;regarding/concerning ?;with(in)respect to ?;be concerned with ?

as far as ? be concerned 就?而言(as far as my knowledge is concerned 據(jù)我所知)

when it comes to ? 說到

2、如何表示贊同和贊賞

agree;appreciate;approve of sth.;assent;be all for ?;be commendable;be worthy of praise;consent;commend;deserve commendation;endorse;express agreement with;favor;speak highly of;support;win the approval of ?;It stands to reason that ?;have good reason to believe

3、如何表達(dá)反對意見

at first glance it looks as if ? but ?;but actually;can’t stand the idea that ?;differ;disagree;however, in truth ?;I can hardly approve of ?;I don’t see any advantage in ?;in actual fact;in point of fact;in reality, however;it is not my idea that ?;it is doubtful that ?;it may seem that ?.However, ?;many people ?, but I ?;on the surface(it appears as if)； one drawback is ?;the truth of the matter is ?;

4、如何表達(dá)好或壞的評價(jià)

表示好感

admire;appreciate;acclaim;commend;enjoy;form a high opinion of;have a favorable opinion of;in the opinion of ? be right(sound, the best)； it is wise(an effective way)to do;make a persuasive argument;regard ?as reasonable;share;express the wishes of …;voice the desires of …;combine the advantages of …

表示反對

have(form)a low(an ill)opinion of ?;be disgusted with ?;can’t find evidence to justify ?;don’t care for;wonder why ?;it’s not practical to do sth.;one drawback is ?;That is not my way;seem forced;be offensive to ?;what I can’t stand is ?;what I am worried about(afraid of)is …

5、如何為觀點(diǎn)辯護(hù)

point to my conclusion?;will share my view;Don’t get me wrong;even if you don’t ? I would like to ?;agree with ? in principle but disagree with ? in detail;I assume I have provided plenty of facts ?;I can hardly avoid the conclusion;I don’t want to be offensive but;I put up my idea with so many examples that …;if we consider the matter from another angle;in effect, what I am trying to explain is …;in other words;let me accept what they said as true for now but …;let me make it simpler;my analysis, though not pleasing(satisfactory)to some people, …;my conclusion(judgment)will be proved by facts;my experience told me …;my article indicated clearly …;… is not what I meant

6、如何進(jìn)一步分析問題

all things considered;allowing for the fact that ?;considering ?;considered scientifically;even if it is so;(even)taking ? into consideration;keeping ? in mind;on second thought;that would be great except ?

7、如何解釋前因后果

because;as;since;for;so;thus;then;now that;so ? that;so that;such ? that;due to;thanks to;owing to;in order to;in other that ?;on account of;for this(that)reason;for one thing ? for another ?;result from ?;cause;lead to;the reason for(why, that)； by reason of

8、如何說明產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果

as a result;as a consequence;the result of ?;consequently;logically;similarly;therefore;accordingly

9、如何提出例外情況

there are exceptions;an exception to that is;not include;except that;one exception is;except for;except;with the exception of(that)

10、如何舉例說明

by way of examples;in illustration of;such as;like;and so on;and so forth;are good examples of;is a case of;is a case in point;take one example to do;provide examples of;illustrate examples from;draw(find)examples from(in, among)?

11、如何確定議論對象

according to ? group;divide;classify ? based on ?;be graded as;classification;constitute the striking features;belong to;be classed depending on ?;be defined as ?;be regarded as ?;refer to ?;stand for ?

12、如何運(yùn)用比較與類比 while;whereas;however;nevertheless;but;though;similarly;likewise;in comparison with;in contrast to(with)…;contrasted with …;compared with …;be similar(alike)in …;be the same as …;bear the similarity to …;there is a similarity of … to …;be dissimilar to(from, with)…;be different from …;the difference between(of)… and …

13、如何按照擬定順序敘述

First(firstly)，? Second(secondly)，? Third(thirdly)，?Finally, ?

In the first place, ?In the second place, ? In the third place, ?

To begin with, ? What’s more, ? Besides, ?

14、如何歸納總結(jié)

to sum up;conclude;in conclusion;in short;generally speaking;in general;generally;to summarize;in brief;to make a long story short;all in all;in the end;by and large

解決：solve, resolve, deal with, cope with, handle, tackle

消除：get rid of, eradicate, eliminate

依賴：rely on, depend on, count on

十分：very much, immensely, hugely, largely, greatly, enormously, tremendously

損害：damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair

給予：give, offer, render, impart, provide

發(fā)展：develop, cultivate, foster

優(yōu)勢：advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength

缺陷：disadvantage, detect, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness

必備成語

1、Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。

2、God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者。

3、Easier said than done.說起來容易做起來難。

4、Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。

5、One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，謬之千里。

6、Slow and steady wins the race.穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打無往而不勝。

7、A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一塹，長一智。

8、Experience is the mother of wisdom.實(shí)踐出真知。

9、All work and no play makes jack a dull boy.只工作不休息，聰明孩子也變傻。

10、Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance.無德之美猶如沒有香味的玫瑰，徒有其表。

11、More hasty, less speed.欲速則不達(dá)。

12、It's never too old to learn.活到老，學(xué)到老。

13、All that glitters is not gold.閃光的未必都是金子。

14、A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step。千里之行始于足下。

15、Look before you leap.三思而后行。

16、Rome was not built in a day.偉業(yè)非一日之功。

17、Great minds think alike.英雄所見略同。

18、Well begun, half done.好的開始等于成功的一半。

19、It is hard to please all.眾口難調(diào)。

20、Out of sight, out of mind.眼不見，心不念。

21、Facts speak plainer than words.事實(shí)勝于雄辯。

22、Call back white and white back.顛倒黑白。

23、First things first.凡事有輕重緩急。

24、Ill news travels fast.壞事傳千里。

25、A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見真情。

26、Live not to eat, but eat to live.活著不是為了吃飯，吃飯為了活著。

27、Action speaks louder than words.行動勝過語言。

28、East or west, home is the best.金窩銀窩不如自家草窩。

29、It's not the gay coat that makes the gentleman.君子在德不在衣。

30、Beauty will buy no beef.漂亮不能當(dāng)飯吃。

31、Like and like make good friends.趣味相投。

32、The older, the wiser.姜是老的辣。

33、Do as Romans do in Rome.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。

34、An idle youth, a needy age.少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。

35、As the tree, so the fruit.種瓜得瓜，種豆得豆。

36、To live is to learn, to learn is to better live.活著為了學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)習(xí)為了更好的活著。

附：關(guān)于圖表作文的描述方法：

第一種情況：橫向?qū)Ρ取Ｃ枋鲞@種圖表需要對比各數(shù)據(jù)間的差別，主要以數(shù)值、倍數(shù)、排列等方式來描述。

1、A department has the lowest sales figure in the three departments, followed by the B department and C department。

2、The figure of A is about twice as much that of B。

3、The income from sales is 10 million, making the company the highest one in sales。

4、The A’s income reaches 20 million, which is in the middle of the list。

第二種情況：縱向說明。只要指出不同單位之間的比較，描述如何增減，增減幅度如何，反映出什么問題，就可以了。描述這樣的圖表時(shí)，可以用以下的詞匯和句型：

The rise lasted for two weeks and then began to level off in June。

The trend/ increase slowed down in May。

The trend of increasing working hours began to gain momentum in January.(開始走強(qiáng))

Prices went up by 50%，but the number of smokers maintained。

It picked up speed at the end of this year。

常用詞匯及表達(dá)法：increase, decrease, rise, fall, slow, down, level off, pick up speed, maintain, drop, the trend reverses, decline, gain/ lose momentum, a steady/ substantial increase, a minor/ slight/ dramatic drop

第三種情況：縱向、橫向均有的說明。這種圖標(biāo)不僅要注意同一事物的變化趨勢，也要注意不同事物之間的差距及變化。

表示百分比常用句型：

It accounts for 30% of the total population。

There are 4 members with master’s degrees, making up nearly a quarter of the workforce。

Doctors make up 40% of the staff in the hospital。

表示增長率的常用句型：

The figure of income increased by about 200% as compared with ten years ago。

The number of students has reached 200, indicating a rise of 4%，compared to last year。

第二篇：考研議論文寫作指導(dǎo)

英語議論文常用句型

I.開篇

1）Many nations have been faced with the problem of ……

2）Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3）Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4）Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ……

5）Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……

6）Never in our history has the idea that …… been so popular.7）Faced with ……, quite a few people argue that ……

8）According to a recent survey, ……

9）With the rapid development of ……,10)When it comes to…,(當(dāng)說到…)

二、列舉觀點(diǎn)

I.Some people think/believe that…,Other argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true

1．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages．

2．Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages．

3．Compared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages．，4．Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many disadvantages．

5．．．．has many advantages．For example，…

6.However，just as every coin has two sides，…h(huán)as it’s disadvantages．

II…play(s)an important role／part in……

1．Computers play an important role in science and technology．

2．Computers play a more and more important role in our life．

3．Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies．

4．Education plays an important part in developing our mind．

5．Addiction to alcohol and drugs plays a role in homelessness．

6．Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．

7．In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication．But now，telephone，email，and fax have taken their place．

III．With the development of…

1．With the development of our economy，many Chinese families can afford a car.2．With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious．

3．With the rapid development of Science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home．

4．With the current social and technological developments，employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed.5．With the rapid increase of China's population，housing problem is becoming more and more serious．

6．With more and more women entering the society，people's attitude towards women is changing．

7．With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up, an increasing number of(a growing number of，a significant number of)families can afford a car．

三、陳述自己觀點(diǎn)

There is probably some truth in both arguments／statements，but…

四、批駁

1）It is true that ……, but one vital point is being left out.2）There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3）Some people say ……, but it does not hold water.4）Many of us have been under the illusion that……

5）A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6）It makes no sense to argue for ……

7）Too much stress placed on …… may lead to ……

8）Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ……

9）Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ……

10）No one can deny the fact that ……

11）The idea is hardly supported by facts.12）Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ……

13）Recent studies indicate that ……

14）There is sufficient evidence to show that ……

15）According to statistics proved by ……, it can be seen that ……

五、結(jié)尾句型：

英語議論文多以簡要總結(jié)全文或?qū)λ憸S的問題提出解決辦法來結(jié)尾。總結(jié)全文時(shí)除常用到in one/a word，generally speaking，to conclude等外，沒有固定模式。提出解決辦法時(shí)卻常使用下一句型：

1）From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ……

2）It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ……

3）We should take measures to control the rapidly increasing world population．

4）We’d better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams．

5）The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse．

6）Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks．

7）It is necessary that steps should be taken to ……

8）In conclusion, it is imperative that ……

9）There is no easy method, but ……might be of some help.10）To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ……

11）In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.12）With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.13）We might do more than identify the cause;it is important to take actions to ……

14）Taking all these into account, we ……

15）Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear……

六、其他句型

I、There be結(jié)構(gòu)

There+be+主語+(修飾成分)，表示客觀存在的人或事物。

There must be a lot of fuel in the tank．

There remains nothing more to be done．

There is no point in talking about it again．

There is something you don't know．

There is not enough time to do the work． ．

II、名詞化結(jié)構(gòu)

名詞化結(jié)構(gòu)用以表明抽象思維的邏輯性和概念化，從而使語體更加正式、更加具有書面語風(fēng)格。

1．由of連接主謂關(guān)系

That the earth revolves around the sun causes the changes of the seasons.名詞化：The revolution of the earth around the sun causes the changes of the seasons．

2．由of連接動賓關(guān)系

One of the most important natural phenomena is that energy is transmitted from one point to another in waves.名詞化：One of the most important natural phenomena is the transmission of energy from one point to another in waves．

3．用of連接含有by的短語，把簡單句轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞短語

That James Watt invented the steam engine started the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century．

名詞化：The invention of the steam engine by James Watt started the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century．

4．被動結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞

It has been suggested that red and green be applied to the design to produce a pleasant effect．

名詞化：A suggestion has been made that red and green be applied to the design to produce a pleasant effect．

5．副詞與動詞一起轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞

The electronic computer is chiefly characterized by accuracy and quick computation.名詞化：The chief characteristic of the electronic computer is accuracy and quick computation．

6．介詞短語與動詞一起轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞

The professor explained the Theory of Relativity to his students in detail.名詞化：The professor gave his students a detailed explanation of the Theory of Relativity.7．動詞轉(zhuǎn)換成介詞短語

Some power plants are being constructed．

名詞化: Some power plants are under construction

英語議論文寫作模板

一、不同觀點(diǎn)列舉型（選擇型）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that_____作文題目_____.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that_____觀點(diǎn)一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows：in the first place,_____原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that _____觀點(diǎn)一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that _____觀點(diǎn)二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand,_____原因一_______.On the other hand,_____原因二_____.Therefore, there is no doubt that _____觀點(diǎn)二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that_____觀點(diǎn)一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more ________.二、利弊型的議論文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over（the issue that）___作文題目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly,___優(yōu)點(diǎn)一______.And secondly ___優(yōu)點(diǎn)二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, every coin has two sides,__討論議題______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with,___缺點(diǎn)一______.In addition, ____缺點(diǎn)二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __討論議題____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.三、答題性議論文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over（the issue that）__作文題目_______.It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all,__途徑一______.In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途徑二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文題目______,we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say,____方法_____.四、諺語警句性議論文

It is well known to us that the proverb：___諺語_______has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____諺語的含義_______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.（also theoretically）

A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great importance to practice the proverb ____諺語_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying： ____諺語_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.五、圖表作文的框架

As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table（graph/picture/pie/chart）,___作文題目的議題_____ has been on rise/ decrease（goes up/increases/drops/decreases），significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______.On the one hand,________.On the other hand，_______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition,________ is responsible for _______.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.英語四級考試寫作技巧:段落的連貫性

在確定好一條條的擴(kuò)展句后，怎樣把這些句子流暢而連貫地組合在一起呢？這便是關(guān)聯(lián)詞發(fā)揮作用的時(shí)候了。在英語中，句與句之間、段與段之間一般都有連詞或關(guān)聯(lián)詞連接，通過這些詞讀者能夠很清楚地明白文章前后的邏輯聯(lián)系。適當(dāng)使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞是四級寫作必備的技能，大家應(yīng)該要引起特別重視。常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞分為四類：

1、列舉類

列舉法常用在議論文中，當(dāng)作者提出一個(gè)論點(diǎn)后，可通過列舉出一系列事實(shí)對其進(jìn)行說明或論證。列舉類關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：

first(ly), second(ly),...finally;for one thing, for another;on the one hand, on the other hand;moreover;furthermore;what's more;in addition;besides;first of all;in the first place, in the second place;(at)last;then;next;the last but not the least2、舉例類

舉例法是用事例或數(shù)據(jù)對中心觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行說明論證的方法，舉例類關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：

for example;for instance;such as;like;take...for example;a case in point;namely;in other words;that is;especially;in particular3、比較和對比

比較是把兩種或兩種以上的事物進(jìn)行比較，以辨別出它們的相似之處；對比是將這些事物進(jìn)行對照，辨別其差異而指出各自的特征和本質(zhì)。這類關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：

but;however;yet;otherwise;while;in contrast;by contrast;on the contrary;similarly;likewise;like;conversely;rather than;instead;on the other hand;equally;nevertheless;nonetheless;unlike;still;in the same way;compared with...4、因果類

as a result;since;because(of);thanks to;due to;owing to;for this reason;hence;thus;therefore;on this/that account;on account of;consequently5、總結(jié)類

總結(jié)法是指在表達(dá)了一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)或舉了一個(gè)例子后，進(jìn)行總結(jié)、給出概括，這類關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：in this case;according to;in a word;in brief;in short;to sum up.

第三篇：英語議論文寫作模版

議論文作文模板

1.正反觀點(diǎn)式議論文模板

導(dǎo)入：

第1段：Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should...(導(dǎo)入話題)

Our opinions are divided on this topic.(觀點(diǎn)有分歧)

正文：

第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方觀點(diǎn))The reasons are listed as follows.First...Second...Finally...(列出2~3個(gè)贊成的理由)

第3段：However, the others are strongly against it.(反方觀點(diǎn))

Here are the reasons.In the first place...What's more...In addition...(列出2~3個(gè)反對的理由)

結(jié)論：

第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(個(gè)人觀點(diǎn))オ 2.“A或者B”類議論文模板：

導(dǎo)入：

第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways.Others, however, argue that B is much better.Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.正文：

第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A.The main reason is that...Another reason is that...(贊同A的原因)

第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent...(列出1~2個(gè)B的優(yōu)勢)結(jié)論：

第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B.From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...(得出結(jié)論)オ

3.觀點(diǎn)論述類議論文模板：

導(dǎo)入：

第1段：提出一種現(xiàn)象或某個(gè)決定作為議論的話題

As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision.(亮明自己的觀點(diǎn)是贊成還是反對)The reasons for this may be listed as follows.(過渡句，承上啟下)

正文：

第2段：First of all...Secondly...Besides...(列出2~3個(gè)贊成或反對的理由)

結(jié)論：

第3段：In conclusion, I believe that...(照應(yīng)第1段，構(gòu)成“總-分-總”結(jié)構(gòu))

4.“How to”類議論文模板：

導(dǎo)入：

第1段：提出一種現(xiàn)象或某種困難作為議論的話題

正文：

第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective.First of all...Another way to solve the problem is...Finally...(列出2~3個(gè)解決此類問題的辦法)

結(jié)論：

第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take.But it should be noted that we should take action to...(強(qiáng)調(diào)解決此類問題的根本方法)

實(shí)用文體寫作模板 高考英語作文經(jīng)典范文

名人名言

No one can degrade us except ourselves;that if we are worthy, no influence can defeat us.(B.T.Washington, American educator)除了我們自己以外，沒有人能貶低我們。如果我們堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，就沒有什么不良影響能夠打敗我們。

為了大家能更多的得到寫作部分的25分，我們特精選了以下范文，希望同學(xué)們務(wù)必研讀背誦！（尤其注意：文中劃線部分為該體裁的套話；黑體部分為寫作中的經(jīng)典表達(dá)。）

May you succeed in the coming college entrance examination.一、與報(bào)社等討論稿（帶手機(jī)利弊）

Dear Editor:

[引出話題] I’m a senior three student.I’m writing to tell you my opinion on whethermiddle school students can go to school with mobile phones.[贊成]I think they can do that.Because students can keep in touch with their friends and family wherever they are.Besides, the mobile phone is a way to have fun.[反對] However, every coin has 2 sides.There are some problems with using mobile phones.The ring of phones can disturb teachers and students in the classroom.Another students is that some students can spend too much time and money on phone calls and sending messages.[個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)] In conclusion, I suggest students not use phones in the classroom.Also, as it is expensive, the owner should take good care of it.Yours sincerely，Li Hua

二、看對照表格寫調(diào)查報(bào)告（孩子出國利弊）

[調(diào)查內(nèi)容] A survey is taken onpublic opinions of the fact that many parents spend a large amount of money sending their children to study abroad, some of whom are middle school students.[調(diào)查結(jié)果]From it we can see that 38 percent of those surveyed think it is worth the money letting children study abroad to get a better education so that they can get pay in return in the future However, not all are for it / some are against it.62% of them hold the view that it is difficult for young people to live and study in a foreign country.It’s easy for them to fall / get into some bad habits and the cost of education in another country is ten times as much as that at home.[解決措施]The survey shows thatthe government should set up different kinds of schools to meet the demands of different children.（句型do something /take measures / steps about sth.to do sth）

三、讀柱狀圖表寫調(diào)查報(bào)告 [注意句式變換] Middle school students have some ideas about their future jobs.The most striking contrast isin teaching: 30percent of the girls would like to become teachers while only 5percent of the boys want to do the job.20 percent of the boys want to do business and another 20 percent want to become lawyers, while girls make up 15 percent in these two fields.What boys like to do most is to become managers and the second largest group would like to be scientists.Besides teaching, the second choice for girlsisto be scientists and managers.The number is not small.Girls also expect to show their abilities in these two fields.四、寫信（過去/現(xiàn)在對比）

Dear editor，I’m a middle school student.I once had a very happy family, but everything has changed because of my father.He used to be a very good doctor and was often praised by his patients.He took good care of the family and shared the housework with my mother everyday.However, he is now quite a different person.He plays mahjong all night and often quarrels with my mother.I just can’t concentrate on my studies and my grades are coming down.I’m very much worried and I’m afraid it will destroy my family as well as my father

Could you help me what to do? I’m looking forward to your reply.Thank you very much.Li Hua

英語作文寫作框架

英語作文的框機(jī)架

對比觀點(diǎn)題型

（1）要求論述兩個(gè)對立的觀點(diǎn)并給出自己的看法。

1.有一些人認(rèn)為……

2．另一些人認(rèn)為……

3．我的看法……

The topic of ①-----------------（主題）is becoming more and more popular recently.There are two sides of opinions about it.Some people say A is their favorite.They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more, ③-------------理由二).Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons.Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一).Secondly(besides),⑥------------------（理由二）.Thirdly(finally),⑦------------------(理由三).From my point of view,I think ⑧----------------（我的觀點(diǎn)）.The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因).As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, the former is surely a wise choice.（2）給出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，要求考生反對這一觀點(diǎn)

Some people believe that ①----------------（觀點(diǎn)一）.For example, they think ②-----------------（舉例說明）．And it will bring them ③---------------(為他們帶來的好處).In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing,④-------------(我不同意該看法的理由一).For another thing, ⑤---------(反對的理由之二)．

Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥-----(我對文章所討論主題的看法)． 闡述主題題型

要求從一句話或一個(gè)主題出發(fā)，按照提綱的要求進(jìn)行論述．

１．闡述名言或主題所蘊(yùn)涵的意義．

２．分析并舉例使其更充實(shí)．

The good old proverb----------------（名言或諺語）reminds us that----------------(釋義).Indeed, we can learn many things form it.First of all,-----------------(理由一).For example,-------------------(舉例說明).Secondly,----------------(理由二).Another case is that---------------(舉例說明).Furthermore ,------------------(理由三)．

In my opinion,----------------(我的觀點(diǎn)).In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A.If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.解決方法題型

要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑

１．問題現(xiàn)狀

２．怎樣解決(解決方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn))

In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious.First,------------(說明Ａ的現(xiàn)狀)．Second,----------(舉例進(jìn)一步說明現(xiàn)狀)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,---------------(解決方法一).For another-------------(解決方法二).Finally,--------------(解決方法三).Personally, I believe that-------------(我的解決方法).Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because--------------(帶來的好處).說明利弊題型

這種題型往往要求先說明一下現(xiàn)狀，再對比事物本身的利弊，有時(shí)也會單從一個(gè)角度（利或弊）出發(fā)，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度（或?qū)κ挛锴熬疤岢鲱A(yù)測）

１．說明事物現(xiàn)狀

２．事物本身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)（或一方面）

３．你對現(xiàn)狀（或前景）的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First----------------(Ａ的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一).Besides-------------------（Ａ的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之二）.But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that----------------(Ａ的第一個(gè)缺點(diǎn))．To make matters worse,------------------(Ａ的第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn))．

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore, I would like to---------------(我的看法)．

(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only by this way,---------------(對前景的預(yù)測)．)

議論文的框架

(1)不同觀點(diǎn)列舉型（選擇型）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 觀點(diǎn)一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___觀點(diǎn)一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some peoplehold the idea that_觀二_____.In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一_______.On the other hand, ____原因二_____.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點(diǎn)二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點(diǎn)一或二_.Itis not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more ________.（2）利弊型的議論文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)___作文題目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___優(yōu)點(diǎn)一______.And secondly ___優(yōu)點(diǎn)二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”,討論議題is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with,缺 點(diǎn) 一.In addition, 缺點(diǎn)二.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 討論議題into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.(3)答題性議論文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)作文題目_______.It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all, __途徑一______.In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途徑二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文題目______, we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.(4)諺語警句性議論文

It is well know to us that the proverb: "___諺語 has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____諺語的含義______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.(also theoretically)

A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____諺語_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____諺語_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..圖表作文的框架

As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文題目的議題_____ has been on rise/ decrease(goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______.On the one hand, ________.On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition, ________ is responsible for _______.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

第四篇：英語議論文寫作

英語議論文寫作范文

1.利弊議論文

Model 1：

It is a new thing that_____.Many people welcome this new development while others have expressed their concern about this.Those who take sides against this new trend believe that _____ because_____.One common argument, however, for ____ is that_____.Of the two views discussed above, I am in favor of the _____.My reason is that____.Model 2：

As is known to all, there has been a wave of ____.There are many advantages / disadvantages of this modern way.First of all, _____.In the second place, _____.Lastly, _____.In a word, ____.Model 3：

When asked about ____, different people will offer different opinions.Some people take it for granted that _____.In their mind, ____.Besides, ______.However, others hold that ____.They maintain that ____.1

Weighting up these two arguments, I am for the first one.For one thing, ____.For another, _____.Therefore, as stated above, ____.Model 4：

____ is becoming more popular in ____, especially among ____.Today, it’s certainly difficult to think of ____.There are several reasons for its popularity.First, ____.Second, ____.However, in terms of _____.2.個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)議論文

Model(1)

Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to _____.Some people argue that ____ while others firmly hold that _____.In my opinion, I think this question should be probed in depth.On one hand, the first group is not totally correct because ____.On the other hand, the second group seems ____ because ____.In a word, we can see clearly that the key lies in ____.Otherwise _____.Model(2)

It becomes a common tendency these days for people to ____.Many people are opposed to ____ because they think_____.They also argue that ____.In my mind, however, I can’t agree with ____.At the same time, _____.In addition, ______.In conclusion, ______.Model(3)

____ has been one medium of communication that has connected all the people around world.More and more people tend to concern the ____, because it is so _____ that _____.The advantages of ____ are obvious to some people.For one thing, in terms of ____, For another thing, _____._____.As a result, _____./Consequently, _____.Personally, I side with the former opinion.Because _____.However, _____.Model(4)

Presently, one phenomenon calls for people’ s attention that ____.In general, ______.For one thing, _____.(For example, _____.)For another, _____.As far as I am concerned, _____.To sum up, _____.3.解決方法類議論文

Model(1)

If you ____, what will you feel? Of course, you will feel ___ because _____.Besides this, ____.For one thing, ____, For another, _____.No easy solution can be taken to cope with the problem of ____, but ____.Therefore, my viewpoint is that _____.There is no doubt that ____.Model(2)

Most of us today recognize that ____ has been a greatly serious problem.Therefore, _____.From above, we can find that the reasons why ____, are as follows, the primary reason, I think, _____.For example, _____.However, ____.Second, _____.The third reason actually is the result of ____.Therefore, _____.Moreover, _____.Let’s make our good efforts, and _____.

第五篇：考研英語寫作必備

考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(一)

中華民族的喜慶節(jié)日(Chinese Festivial)國慶節(jié) National Day

中秋節(jié) Mia-Autumn Festival春節(jié) Spring Festival

元宵節(jié) Lantern Festival兒童節(jié) Children‘s Day

端午節(jié) Dragon Boat Festival婦女節(jié) Women’s Day

潑水節(jié) Water-Splashing Day教師節(jié) Teachers’ Day

五四青年節(jié) Youth Day

考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(二)

中國獨(dú)特的傳統(tǒng)飲食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)

鍋貼 guotie(fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls

套餐 set meal盒飯 box lunch;Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu

米粉 rice noodles餛飩 wonton

火鍋 chafing dish八寶飯 eight-treasure rice pudding粉絲 glass noodles豆腐腦 jellied bean curd冰糖葫蘆 a stick of sugar-coated haws(or apples, etc.)

考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(三)

中國新興事物(Newly Sprouted Things)京九鐵路 Beijing –Kowloon Railway中國電信 China Telecom扶貧工程 Anti-Poverty Project中國移動 China Mobile菜籃子工程 Vegetable Basket Project十五計(jì)劃 the 10th Five-Year Plan溫飽工程 Decent-Life Project中國電腦聯(lián)網(wǎng) Chinanet安居工程 Economy Housing Project三峽工程 the Three Gorges Project掃黃 Porn-Purging Campaign希望工程 Project Hope西部大開發(fā) Go-West Campaign

考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(四)

大陸中國 Mainland Chin鐵飯碗 iron rice bowl

紅寶書 little red book大鍋飯 communal pot

紅色中國 socialist China關(guān)系戶 closely-related units四化 Four Modernizations外出打工人員 migrant workers終生職業(yè) job-for-life

關(guān)系網(wǎng) personal nets, closely-knitted guild

五講(講文明、講禮貌、講衛(wèi)生、講秩序、講道德)the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals

四美(心靈美、語言美、行為美、環(huán)境美)the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment

考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(五)

基層監(jiān)督 grass-roots supervision婚紗攝影 bride photo

基礎(chǔ)稅率 base tariff level黑心棉 shoddy cotton

婚介所 matrimonial agency機(jī)器閱卷 machine scorin

婚外戀 extramarital love

即開型獎券 scratch-open ticket/lottery

集中精力把經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)搞上去 go all out for economic development

價(jià)格聽證會 public price hearings甲A球隊(duì) Division A Soccer Team家政服務(wù) household management service

加強(qiáng)輿論監(jiān)督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帳 accounting fraud叫板 challenge;pick a quarrel

矯情 use lame arguments漸進(jìn)式臺獨(dú) gradual Taiwan independence借調(diào) temporarily transfer

擴(kuò)大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需，刺激消費(fèi)expand domestic demand and consumption

安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents

信息化 information-base ormationization

智力密集型 concentration of brain power knowledge-intensive

外資企業(yè) overseas-funded enterprises下崗職工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel三角債 chain debts

素質(zhì)教育 education for all-round development

豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects社會治安情況 law-and-order situation民族國家 nation state臺獨(dú) independence of Taiwan臺灣當(dāng)局 Taiwan authorities臺灣同胞 Taiwan coMPAtriots臺灣是中國領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分。

Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.西部大開發(fā) Development of the West Regions

可持續(xù)性發(fā)展 sustainable development

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資 risk investment通貨緊縮 deflation

擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需 to expand domestic demand

計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué) computer-assisted instruction(CAI)

網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間 cyberspace網(wǎng)上購物 shopping online

虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí) virtual reality應(yīng)試教育 exam-oriented education網(wǎng)民 netizen(net citizen)學(xué)生減負(fù) to reduce study load電腦犯罪 computer crime總裁助理 assistant president電子商務(wù) the e-business綜合治理 comprehensive treatment安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents

信息化 information-based;informationization

智力密集型 concentration of brain power;knowledge-intensive

外資企業(yè) overseas-funded enterprises

下崗職工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel下海 plunge into the commercial sea下網(wǎng) off line

小康之家 well-off family;comfortably-off family

新秀 up-and-coming star, rising star

新新人類 New Human Being;X Generation信息港 info port形象小姐/先生 image representative of a product or a brand

虛擬網(wǎng) virtual net學(xué)生處 students′ affairs division研究生畢業(yè)證/學(xué)位證 graduate diploma/graudate degree′sdiploma

搖錢樹 cash cow以人為本 people oriented;people foremost義務(wù)教育 compulsory education易拉罐 pop can

應(yīng)試教育 examination-oriented education system

考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(六)

The classification for the commodities

1.frozen food 速凍食品 5.personal-care supplies 個(gè)人護(hù)理用品

2.dairy products 牛產(chǎn)品6.toys 玩具

3.packaged foods 包裝食品7.car-care products 汽車護(hù)理用品

4.cleaning supplies 清潔用品8.yard-care products 庭院護(hù)理用品

考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(七)

Different stores

1.Convienience store便利店2.Grocery store小賣部

3.Supermarke超市4.Drug store藥店

5.Department store商場6.Discount store打折店

7.Factory outlets廠家直銷點(diǎn)8.Specialty shop專賣店

9.Shopping mall/shopping center購物中心

Houshold department

dish 碟子silverware 銀器cooking utensils 廚具

pots 壺pans 鍋