第一篇：留學文書詳略不當重點模糊(工程類)[精選]

詳略不當重點模糊（工程類）

PERSONAL STATEMENT

By Han Liang

本文原作者是個非常優秀的人才，可他不會包裝自己。其自述最大的毛病是沒有突出重點。在進行任何有意義的修改前，必須把內容完全重新組織，并在相應的段落開頭加上有效的topic sentence。

Acclaimed as a prodigy, I entered into one of China's Ivy League universities at 14 and joined the country's topmost scientific research institution as a graduate student at 19.Now an experienced engineer at 26, I would like to scale still higher intellectual heights by undertaking advanced studies that I hope would put me firmly on the cutting edge of scientific development.（讀者可以體會一下這樣的起始段落有什么好處。）

I have demonstrated a keen mind since my early childhood.For years, I consistently outperformed all of my classmates in such challenging subjects as mathematics, physics and chemistry.I was thus chosen to represent either my school or my city in a variety of provincial and national contests of academic skills, in which I won numerous prizes.This impressive academic record put me on academic acceleration several times.That not only enabled me to finish my primary and secondary education in eight instead of the usual twelve years but also sent me at 14 to a privileged class for the gifted at the Chinese University of Science and Technology, a major cradle of the country's scientific and technological talents.After two years of basic training in the gifted class, I chose electrical engineering as my major and computer software programming as my minor, convinced that expertise in these fields would stand me in good stead in an era of China's rapid economic expansion and technological modernization.As you can see from the transcripts of my undergraduate grades, I excelled in both of these areas.Upon graduation in 1991, I won easy acceptance into the Institute of Electronics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences and became a graduate student at 19, when most Chinese students would be just starting their university education.At this institute, I narrowed my academic interest down and focused it on the area of human and artificial intelligence, where the courses I took were deliberately concentrated.It seemed to me that scientific breakthroughs would next come in this area, which made it both challenging and promising.I learned a whole lot about this area in the course of doing my thesis titled “The Radio Shunting System in Railroad”, for which some experiments were conducted on the basis of principles of artificial intelligence.My solid education paid off in my ability to take on a variety of responsibilities in China's burgeoning software industry.After I obtained my Master's Degree in Engineering in 1994, I first took up a job with a telecommunication company, where I managed a trunk communication system that resembled the cellular wireless system.A year later, I joined a software company to develop CMIS program for China's Post and Telecommunications Ministry.It was a large project, and I made crucial contribution to it by independently developing and finalizing one subsystem, which proved to be a significant success and won me profuse appreciation from users.After the completion of that project, I have been working for the Japan Brother Ltd.in the area of software development.The relative smooth path of my career notwithstanding, I have not had a chance to lead a major project, although I have always finished my part of every project immaculately.In spite of all my achievements, I feel that I have not taken the full advantages of my intellectual capabilities.I now wish to pursue still more advanced studies and thereby obtain an advanced degree so that I can open more doors and shoulder greater responsibilities.I believe I have acquired the necessary theoretical framework and sufficient practical experience for further studies.My ability to teach myself and conduct independent research allows me to attain competence quickly in areas that I may at first know very little about.I never work just to finish an assignment, but instead I always try conscientiously to improve my knowledge and expertise through the work I do.In this fashion, I have become seasoned in such fields as trunking system(telecommunications)and CMIS system(software).This quality should help me as I seek to further upgrade my education, particularly if I have ready access to the seasoned guidance of a strong faculty and the convenience of state-of-the-art research facilities.The University of Idaho is well known for its excellence in the E.E field, complete with an accomplished faculty and modern research resources.These should set a good stage for me to exercise my keen mental power and diligence.If I am accepted, I am confident that I can make quick progress in the E.E field, especially in the areas of artificial intelligence, image processing, wireless communication, neural network and computer networking, which have many characteristics in common and share many important principles.Due to the broad applications of these technologies, I believe the progress we make in these areas will help shape the future of the mankind.I would like to be at the forefront of such progress.As I am broadly grounded in EE and computer science, you may find me qualified or more qualified for advanced studies in areas other than those I have mentioned.If so, I would greatly appreciate it if you could let me know any suggestions that you may have.I wish to assure you that I have the necessary English language skills to complete advanced studies in your Ph.D.program.I generally read or write English without any difficulty.I have, over the years, not only read academic or professional materials in English avidly but also memorized the whole English-Chinese dictionary.There may be room for improvement in my oral English and English listening comprehension.But I am sure my English proficiency is sufficient for me to undertake advanced studies and research.Besides, I believe I can improve my oral English by leaps and bounds once I start to live in an English-speaking environment.All that I need to do is to set my mind free.I plan to return to China after the completion of my Ph.D.studies either to teach at one of the larger Chinese universities or to lead a high-tech corporation.

第二篇：留學文書(essay)寫作模版及重點句型

留學文書（essay）寫作模版及重點句型

針對MBA申請中的重點ESSAY文章做的文書用語模板總結。在我兩個月前的獎學金申請經驗的用語欄目的改進版本。回納于Business Week, EEC等會員區的美國和加國的頂級商學院錄取者的申請文書。涵蓋了商學院最常見的重點論題。希看本文可以幫助。

非英語母語的申請者也寫出動人流暢的申請文書, 展現自己光輝的一面。在商學院獎學金的申請道路上和大家共勉。

目錄

1.職業規劃與攻讀MBA的動機

1.1 Career Goal and Why MBA

1.2 Plans after Degree

1.3 Why our School

2.職業背景與職業素質

2.1 Professional Background

2.2 Academic Background

2.3 Leadership

2.4 Teamwork and Communication

2.5 Challenges and Lessons Learned

3.學習計劃與對MBA Program的貢獻

3.1 Study Plans in the Program

3.2 Contribution to Classroom

3.3 Diversity and Other Qualifications

溫馨提示：專業的事情，交給專業的機構來完成。10年來，監審留學一直致力于留學文書的寫作服務，已經幫助過無數留學生申請到理想的大學，擅長美國，加拿大，英國和澳洲的個人陳述和推薦信寫作。如果您有寫作方面的需求可以 聯系QQ：970865017，按時交稿，絕不拖延，再也不用發愁。

1.職業規劃與選擇MBA的原因

1.1 Career Goal and Why MBA

This ______ reveals that while I have a strong background with respect to

leadership and management skill sets, I do not have a ______

knowledge

base in the field of ______.My past successes

have been that result of effective employment of my ______ expertise in ______

and my leadership, management and team building skills.From a ______ expertise or functional knowledge point of view, these experiences

and successes have little or no relation to neither ______ nor ______management.This is a significant problem if I am to realize my career goals.Now that I have identified the major roadblock to realizing my career goals

what do I do next?

I have developed a strong knowledge in the ______ and ______ through my

education and my work experience as a ______.Through this experience, I have also acquired excellent problem solving,integrative, interpersonal, and communication skills.I believe that at this point in my life, these skills will allow me to realise

the maximum educational benefit from the ______ MBA.This combination of scientific experience and business training will help me to

make an informed and influential contribution to ______.I recognize the need to improve in many areas, especially as my responsibilities

require me to combine my both of my ______ and ______ skills and

[interact with functional organizations outside of technical and engineering

development, such as marketing and finance].As I interact with other functional organizations within ______ ,I realize I can better contribute in a collaborative environment if I have a

more thorough understanding of their needs and how these

organizations run.My primary career goal is to ______.Prior to this I will complete an MBA in order to acquire the additionalknowledge and skills necessary in order to be a

successful entrepreneur and businessman.I have chosen to apply to ______ because the strength and quality of both its

overall MBA program and its ______ concentration will provide the knowledge,skill building and team experiences needed to achieve these goals.The prospect of ______ is one of the key elements that attracted me to pursue a

______ combination/major.I look forward to working with other students from diverse academic backgrounds.Managing ______ for a ______ in the short-term, and starting an ______ company

in the long-term.I know what I need to achieve these goals: an MBA.My ideal position would combine the strategic elements of ______, ______ and

______ with the ______ requirements of a ______ role in a creative industry.A key role requiring a wide knowledge base and one that would stretch me to

develop further.

第三篇：工程測量(測繪類 第二版)重點知識點總結

工程測量學是研究地球空間具體集合體測量和抽象幾何體測設的理論、方法和技術得一門應用科學。它主要研究在工程與工業建設、城市與國土開發、水路交通環境工程的減災救災等事業中 進行地形和有關信息采集與處理 施工放樣設備安裝 變形監測與分析預報等方面的理論和技術 以及與之有關的信息管理與使用

工程測量是為了工程建設服務的 由于服務對象眾多 所以他所包括的內容非常廣泛

按照服務對象拉劃分其內容可分為 工業與民用建筑工程測量 礦山工程測量 地質勘探工程測量 隧道

工程測量一般可按工程濺射的規劃設計，施工建設和運營三個階段分為：工程勘測，施工測量。安全監測三個部分

工程測量學的主要內容包括：模擬或數字的地形資料的獲取與表達;工程控制測量及數據處理建筑物的施工放樣；大型精密設備的安裝和調試測量；工業產量過程的質量檢測和控制；工程變形與工程相關的各種災害的監測分析與預報；工程測量專用儀器的研制與應用；工程信息系統的建立與應用等。放羊一般采用方向交會法，距離交會法，方向距離交會法，極坐標法。偏角法 偏距法 報點法等。與高程測量相關的傾斜測量（又稱撓度曲線測量）可用于確定被測對象在豎直平面內相對的水平或豎直

基準線撓度曲線

最小二乘法廣泛應用于測量平差

規劃設計階段測量工作主要內容是 測繪地形圖和縱橫斷面圖

施工建設階段測量工作的主要任務是 按照設計要求在實地準確的標定建筑物部分的平面位置和高程位置，作為施工原裝的依據。

測量工作的主要包括 竣工測量以及為監視工程安全狀況的變化觀測與維護 養護等測量工作

由正方形或矩形的網格組成的建筑場地施工控住王 成為建筑方格網 工程測量分為：建筑工程測量 線路測量 橋梁與隧道測量 礦山測量 城市測量和水利工程測量種類

施工測量方案主要測量工作有 施工控制網建立 施工放樣

施工放樣的主要內容是 放羊的依據的選擇

選擇放樣的方法 計算放樣元素

面積決定控制網等級 每公里變形<2.5cm/km 分類 按用途分為測圖控制網 施工（測量）控制網 變形監測網 安裝（測量）控制網 按網點的性質 一維網 二維網 三維網

按網形分為 三角網 導線網 混合網 方格網

按實測方法分為 測角網 測邊網 邊角網 GPS網

按左邊和基準分為 附合網 獨立網 經典自用網 自由網

按其他基準分為 首級網 加密網 特殊網 專用網

工程控制網的作用 是為了工程建設提供工程范圍內的統一參考柜架 為各項測量工作提供位置基準 滿足工程建設不同對測繪在質量（精度 可靠性），進度（速度）和費用方面的要求 也具有控制全局 提供基準和測量無擦積累的作用

建網步驟 1 確定控制網等級 2 確定不舍網形式 3 確定測量儀器和操作規程4 在圖上學點構網 到實地勘探5埋設標石 標志6外業觀測7內頁數據處理 8提交成果

二等40000133 精度 四等 40000

三等40000

面控制網的不舍應根據總平面設計和施工地區的地形條件來確定

施工控制網的特點

面積小 使用率高 可越級分布 邊長較短典韋精度較高 局部精度高

對測圖控住網來說 施工平面感控制網具有以下特點

1控制的范圍較小 控制點的密度較大 精度要求較高2使用頻繁 3受施工干擾大 4控制網的坐標系與施工坐標系一致 5 投影面與工程的平均高度一致 6有時分兩段布網 次級網可能比首級網的精度高

建筑方格網角度為90°到180° 不安長相等平行 面積精度高（2km以內）側腳兩邊找高差 圖形限制，最遠點滿足精度要求 所有點都滿足

工程控制網的基準分為 約束網（具有多余的已知數據）最小約束網（經典自用網 只有必要的已知數據）無約束網（自用網 務必要的已知數據）標石類型

普通標石 深埋式標石 帶強制對中裝置的觀測墩

施工放樣的概念 將圖紙設計的建筑物 構筑物的平面位置和搞成按計算要求 以一定的精度是的標定作為施工的依據 成為施工放樣 誤差要求

1混凝土柱 梁 墻的施工放樣誤差允許為10到30mm 2 對搞成建筑物的軸線的傾角度要求高于1、1000 3鋼結構施工總誤差

4土石方施工誤差允許到達10cm 5對于特殊要求的工程項目 其設計圖紙都明確的限差要求

放樣的三要

直接法放樣 規劃法放樣 鋼尺放樣

1放樣依據（施工網）（GPS網 三角網 導線網 方格網）

2放樣的方法（搞成放樣 角度放樣 距離放樣 坐標法放樣 鉛垂線放樣）3放樣數據

高程放樣法 水準儀法 全站儀無儀器法

點位放樣

1極坐標法 2全站儀坐標法 3距離交會法 4角度交會法（方向交會）5GPS RTK法（直接坐標）

變形監測定義

是堆監視對象或物體進行測量以確定其空間位置i時間得變化特征

件數撥角放樣方法和內容

首先在線路平面設計圖上 圖解求出個交點左邊 然后利用坐標泛酸的方法推算出相鄰的兩個交點的距離和角度αβ 這些為放映數據 根據初測導線點和放樣數據即可按照極坐標放樣放噶各點 角度 閉合差為30n 相對閉合差為1/2000 簡述豎井用鋼尺導入搞成的程序和計算表方法

在井口附近設立已知水準點 在井下預埋蛇1到2個水準點 在井下上 下合適位置假設水準儀 在井上下水準點立水準尺 在井架上面先掛鋼尺 起重分劃 一端關10公斤的中午 要自由懸掛 井上下同時觀測 讀取水準尺讀數 a b 讀取鋼尺讀數m n 井上下讀數取溫度計算井下高程

HB=HA+a-(m-n)-b

工程控制網 是工程項目的空間位置殘卡片框 是針對某項具體工程建設測圖或管理需求在一定區域內的平面和高程控制網 有工程建設委托其他測繪單位建立

在施工控制網測設前，應把這些控制點的建筑坐標換算成測量坐標，以便利用測量坐標控制點來測設出這些施工控制網點。

如圖5—4所示，兩個坐標系的換算可按下式計算：

Yp= Yo′ +Apsinα+ Bpcosα Xp= Xo′+Apcosα-Bpsinα

建筑坐標與測量坐標的換算-2

式中：Xp、Yp為待求的P點在測量坐標系中的坐標

Xo′、Yo′為已知的0′點測量坐標 Ap、Bp 為已知的P點的建筑坐標

Α 為設計已知0′A軸方位角